Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Western Regional Health AuthorityMore information: Newfoundland and Labrador [Health region]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	73,500	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	...	...	...	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	40,544	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	33,617	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	...	...	...	...	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	...	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	73,500	35,890	37,610	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	8,615	4,500	4,115	11.7	12.5	10.9
0 to 4 years	2,250	1,165	1,090	3.1	3.2	2.9
5 to 9 years	2,965	1,550	1,415	4.0	4.3	3.8
10 to 14 years	3,395	1,785	1,610	4.6	5.0	4.3
15 to 64 years	44,190	21,490	22,700	60.1	59.9	60.4
15 to 19 years	3,545	1,795	1,750	4.8	5.0	4.7
20 to 24 years	3,165	1,610	1,555	4.3	4.5	4.1
25 to 29 years	2,970	1,505	1,460	4.0	4.2	3.9
30 to 34 years	3,315	1,605	1,710	4.5	4.5	4.5
35 to 39 years	3,550	1,660	1,890	4.8	4.6	5.0
40 to 44 years	3,870	1,810	2,060	5.3	5.0	5.5
45 to 49 years	4,580	2,160	2,415	6.2	6.0	6.4
50 to 54 years	5,540	2,680	2,855	7.5	7.5	7.6
55 to 59 years	6,675	3,250	3,425	9.1	9.1	9.1
60 to 64 years	6,980	3,400	3,580	9.5	9.5	9.5
65 years and over	20,695	9,900	10,790	28.2	27.6	28.7
65 to 69 years	6,840	3,340	3,500	9.3	9.3	9.3
70 to 74 years	5,855	2,935	2,920	8.0	8.2	7.8
75 to 79 years	3,855	1,825	2,030	5.2	5.1	5.4
80 to 84 years	2,300	1,065	1,240	3.1	3.0	3.3
85 years and over	1,840	740	1,095	2.5	2.1	2.9
85 to 89 years	1,260	565	695	1.7	1.6	1.8
90 to 94 years	480	155	325	0.7	0.4	0.9
95 to 99 years	85	25	65	0.1	0.1	0.2
100 years and over	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	11.7	12.5	10.9	11.7	12.5	10.9
15 to 64 years	60.1	59.9	60.4	60.1	59.9	60.4
65 years and over	28.2	27.6	28.7	28.2	27.6	28.7
85 years and over	2.5	2.1	2.9	2.5	2.1	2.9
Average age of the population	48.4	47.7	49.0	48.4	47.7	49.0
Median age of the population	52.8	52.4	53.2	52.8	52.4	53.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	33,620	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	26,875	...	...	79.9	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,165	...	...	3.5	...	...
Row house	1,070	...	...	3.2	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	2,205	...	...	6.6	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,810	...	...	5.4	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	135	...	...	0.4	...	...
Other single-attached house	105	...	...	0.3	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	250	...	...	0.7	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	33,615	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	10,150	...	...	30.2	...	...
2 persons	14,230	...	...	42.3	...	...
3 persons	4,980	...	...	14.8	...	...
4 persons	3,105	...	...	9.2	...	...
5 or more persons	1,145	...	...	3.4	...	...
Number of persons in private households	72,105	35,195	36,905	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.1	...	...	2.1	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	64,890	31,390	33,495	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	38,550	19,265	19,285	59.4	61.4	57.6
Married	31,740	15,865	15,875	48.9	50.5	47.4
Living common-law	6,815	3,400	3,410	10.5	10.8	10.2
Living common law - Never married	5,045	2,505	2,540	7.8	8.0	7.6
Living common law - Separated	195	105	85	0.3	0.3	0.3
Living common law - Divorced	1,345	690	655	2.1	2.2	2.0
Living common law - Widowed	230	105	125	0.4	0.3	0.4
Not married and not living common-law	26,335	12,130	14,210	40.6	38.6	42.4
Not married and not living common law - Never married	15,810	8,470	7,340	24.4	27.0	21.9
Not married and not living common law - Separated	1,405	635	775	2.2	2.0	2.3
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	3,985	1,755	2,225	6.1	5.6	6.6
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	5,135	1,265	3,870	7.9	4.0	11.6
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	22,850	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	14,575	...	...	63.8	...	...
3 persons	4,790	...	...	21.0	...	...
4 persons	2,760	...	...	12.1	...	...
5 or more persons	725	...	...	3.2	...	...
Average size of census families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.5	...	...	1.5	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	22,850	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	18,990	...	...	83.1	...	...
Married couples	15,585	...	...	68.2	...	...
With children⁶	5,495	...	...	24.0	...	...
Without children	10,090	...	...	44.2	...	...
Common-law couples	3,410	...	...	14.9	...	...
With children⁶	1,400	...	...	6.1	...	...
Without children	2,005	...	...	8.8	...	...
Total one-parent families	3,855	...	...	16.9	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	3,070	...	...	13.4	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	790	...	...	3.5	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	72,100	35,200	36,905	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	58,365	28,895	29,465	81.0	82.1	79.8
Married spouses or common-law partners	37,990	18,985	19,005	52.7	53.9	51.5
Parents in one-parent families	3,855	790	3,070	5.3	2.2	8.3
Children⁶	16,520	9,125	7,390	22.9	25.9	20.0
In a two-parent family	10,865	6,020	4,845	15.1	17.1	13.1
In a one-parent family	5,650	3,110	2,540	7.8	8.8	6.9
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	13,740	6,300	7,440	19.1	17.9	20.2
Living alone	10,150	4,565	5,590	14.1	13.0	15.1
Living with other relatives⁷	1,415	585	830	2.0	1.7	2.2
Living with non-relatives only	2,175	1,150	1,020	3.0	3.3	2.8
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	33,620	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	20,830	...	...	62.0	...	...
Couple-family households	17,735	...	...	52.8	...	...
With children⁶	6,400	...	...	19.0	...	...
Without children	11,330	...	...	33.7	...	...
One-parent-family households	3,100	...	...	9.2	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	700	...	...	2.1	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	80	...	...	0.2	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	785	...	...	2.3	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	1,075	...	...	3.2	...	...
One-person households	10,150	...	...	30.2	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	63,495	30,700	32,795	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	61,605	29,790	31,815	97.0	97.0	97.0
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	33,600	38,800	29,600	33,600	38,800	29,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	61,625	29,800	31,825	97.1	97.1	97.0
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	30,600	34,400	27,400	30,600	34,400	27,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	47,705	24,115	23,590	75.1	78.6	71.9
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	26,400	30,800	22,200	26,400	30,800	22,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	37,780	19,160	18,620	59.5	62.4	56.8
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	27,000	30,800	23,600	27,000	30,800	23,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	53,555	25,080	28,475	84.3	81.7	86.8
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	15,100	16,400	14,000	15,100	16,400	14,000
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	15,885	8,770	7,115	25.0	28.6	21.7
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,300	12,200	8,300	10,300	12,200	8,300
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	15,290	7,495	7,790	24.1	24.4	23.8
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	7,500	8,000	8,000	7,500	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	63,380	30,695	32,685	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	61,550	29,730	31,810	97.1	96.9	97.3
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,720	47,600	36,200	41,720	47,600	36,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	61,570	29,735	31,835	97.1	96.9	97.4
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,600	39,800	31,680	35,600	39,800	31,680
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	47,820	24,150	23,670	75.4	78.7	72.4
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,000	42,520	31,400	37,000	42,520	31,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	37,705	19,055	18,660	59.5	62.1	57.1
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,520	42,760	32,160	37,520	42,760	32,160
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	53,680	25,080	28,600	84.7	81.7	87.5
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	14,840	15,520	14,260	14,840	15,520	14,260
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	15,830	8,700	7,125	25.0	28.3	21.8
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,030	12,070	9,770	11,030	12,070	9,770
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	15,235	7,455	7,775	24.0	24.3	23.8
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,220	7,990	8,440	8,220	7,990	8,440
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	63,380	30,695	32,685	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	13,960	6,590	7,370	22.0	21.5	22.5
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	55,200	62,400	49,200	55,200	62,400	49,200
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	62,700	70,600	55,700	62,700	70,600	55,700
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	18,000	9,465	8,525	28.4	30.8	26.1
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	16,000	20,000	13,500	16,000	20,000	13,500
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	25,520	31,400	19,020	25,520	31,400	19,020
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	69.0	72.6	64.6	69.0	72.6	64.6
Employment income (%)¹⁹	55.1	57.5	52.1	55.1	57.5	52.1
Government transfers (%)²⁰	31.1	27.5	35.4	31.1	27.5	35.4
Employment insurance benefits (%)	6.8	7.4	6.1	6.8	7.4	6.1
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.9	4.9	7.0	5.9	4.9	7.0
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.9	4.2	5.7	4.9	4.2	5.7
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	63,495	30,705	32,795	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	1,890	910	975	3.0	3.0	3.0
With total income	61,610	29,795	31,815	97.0	97.1	97.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	5,025	1,965	3,060	8.2	6.6	9.6
$10,000 to $19,999	9,685	3,595	6,090	15.7	12.1	19.1
$20,000 to $29,999	12,370	5,430	6,940	20.1	18.2	21.8
$30,000 to $39,999	9,575	4,520	5,060	15.6	15.2	15.9
$40,000 to $49,999	7,775	4,020	3,755	12.6	13.5	11.8
$50,000 to $59,999	5,240	2,880	2,355	8.5	9.7	7.4
$60,000 to $69,999	3,375	1,970	1,405	5.5	6.6	4.4
$70,000 to $79,999	2,295	1,470	820	3.7	4.9	2.6
$80,000 to $89,999	1,755	1,085	675	2.9	3.6	2.1
$90,000 to $99,999	1,400	740	660	2.3	2.5	2.1
$100,000 and over	3,110	2,125	990	5.1	7.1	3.1
$100,000 to $149,999	2,285	1,475	805	3.7	5.0	2.5
$150,000 and over	830	650	175	1.3	2.2	0.6
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	63,495	30,705	32,795	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	1,870	900	965	2.9	2.9	3.0
With after-tax income	61,625	29,800	31,825	97.1	97.1	97.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	5,255	2,020	3,235	8.5	6.8	10.2
$10,000 to $19,999	10,100	3,780	6,325	16.4	12.7	19.9
$20,000 to $29,999	14,795	6,620	8,175	24.0	22.2	25.7
$30,000 to $39,999	11,005	5,525	5,480	17.8	18.5	17.2
$40,000 to $49,999	8,060	4,300	3,760	13.1	14.4	11.8
$50,000 to $59,999	4,680	2,775	1,905	7.6	9.3	6.0
$60,000 to $69,999	2,870	1,790	1,080	4.7	6.0	3.4
$70,000 to $79,999	1,995	1,050	945	3.2	3.5	3.0
$80,000 to $89,999	1,090	660	430	1.8	2.2	1.4
$90,000 to $99,999	600	390	210	1.0	1.3	0.6
$100,000 and over	1,185	900	285	1.9	3.0	0.9
$100,000 to $124,999	660	490	165	1.1	1.7	0.5
$125,000 and over	520	405	120	0.9	1.4	0.4
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	63,495	30,705	32,795	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	25,720	11,545	14,175	40.5	37.6	43.2
With employment income	37,780	19,160	18,620	59.5	62.4	56.8
Under $5,000 (including loss)	6,310	2,985	3,320	16.7	15.6	17.9
$5,000 to $9,999	3,520	1,515	2,010	9.3	7.9	10.8
$10,000 to $19,999	5,965	2,755	3,210	15.8	14.4	17.2
$20,000 to $29,999	4,405	2,155	2,250	11.7	11.3	12.1
$30,000 to $39,999	3,775	1,840	1,935	10.0	9.6	10.4
$40,000 to $49,999	3,235	1,625	1,615	8.6	8.5	8.7
$50,000 to $59,999	2,485	1,290	1,195	6.6	6.7	6.4
$60,000 to $69,999	1,835	1,100	735	4.9	5.7	4.0
$70,000 to $79,999	1,515	955	560	4.0	5.0	3.0
$80,000 to $89,999	1,240	735	500	3.3	3.9	2.7
$90,000 to $99,999	1,130	550	580	3.0	2.8	3.1
$100,000 and over	2,365	1,660	705	6.2	8.6	3.8
$100,000 to $124,999	1,315	810	505	3.5	4.2	2.7
$125,000 and over	1,050	850	200	2.8	4.4	1.1
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	63,495	30,700	32,795	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	60,700	29,325	31,370	95.6	95.5	95.7
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	31,800	38,400	27,000	31,800	38,400	27,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	60,760	29,330	31,430	95.7	95.5	95.8
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	29,000	34,400	25,200	29,000	34,400	25,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	47,865	24,155	23,715	75.4	78.7	72.3
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	27,800	33,200	23,200	27,800	33,200	23,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	38,725	19,610	19,120	61.0	63.9	58.3
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	28,400	34,000	23,800	28,400	34,000	23,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	49,890	23,130	26,760	78.6	75.3	81.6
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	13,000	14,600	11,700	13,000	14,600	11,700
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	15,640	8,700	6,940	24.6	28.3	21.2
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	11,000	12,600	9,300	11,000	12,600	9,300
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	63,380	30,695	32,685	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	60,560	29,225	31,335	95.6	95.2	95.9
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,200	48,080	34,800	41,200	48,080	34,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	60,620	29,225	31,395	95.6	95.2	96.1
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,760	39,640	30,240	34,760	39,640	30,240
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	47,890	24,070	23,820	75.6	78.4	72.9
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,000	45,520	32,400	39,000	45,520	32,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	38,615	19,370	19,250	60.9	63.1	58.9
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,680	46,360	32,960	39,680	46,360	32,960
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	50,025	23,170	26,850	78.9	75.5	82.1
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	12,560	13,340	11,880	12,560	13,340	11,880
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	15,470	8,440	7,035	24.4	27.5	21.5
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	11,430	12,390	10,270	11,430	12,390	10,270
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	63,380	30,695	32,685	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	13,860	6,535	7,325	21.9	21.3	22.4
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	54,400	61,600	48,400	54,400	61,600	48,400
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	61,600	69,100	54,900	61,600	69,100	54,900
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	17,075	8,980	8,095	26.9	29.3	24.8
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	20,200	26,800	16,000	20,200	26,800	16,000
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	31,600	39,800	22,540	31,600	39,800	22,540
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	74.8	78.0	70.8	74.8	78.0	70.8
Employment income (%)	61.4	63.9	58.2	61.4	63.9	58.2
Government transfers (%)	25.2	22.0	29.3	25.2	22.0	29.3
Employment insurance benefits (%)	7.1	7.4	6.6	7.1	7.4	6.6
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	33,615	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	61,200	...	...	61,200	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	55,200	...	...	55,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	10,150	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	28,800	...	...	28,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	27,400	...	...	27,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	23,465	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	80,000	...	...	80,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	70,500	...	...	70,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	33,570	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	76,400	...	...	76,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	65,300	...	...	65,300	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	10,120	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	37,560	...	...	37,560	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	33,000	...	...	33,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	23,455	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	93,200	...	...	93,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	79,200	...	...	79,200	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	33,615	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	185	...	...	0.6	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	380	...	...	1.1	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	755	...	...	2.2	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	780	...	...	2.3	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,535	...	...	7.5	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,600	...	...	4.8	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,025	...	...	6.0	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,075	...	...	6.2	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,695	...	...	5.0	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,550	...	...	4.6	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,865	...	...	8.5	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,480	...	...	7.4	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,270	...	...	6.8	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,140	...	...	6.4	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,750	...	...	5.2	...	...
$100,000 and over	8,540	...	...	25.4	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,235	...	...	9.6	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,065	...	...	6.1	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	2,085	...	...	6.2	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,150	...	...	3.4	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	33,615	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	200	...	...	0.6	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	385	...	...	1.1	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	770	...	...	2.3	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	810	...	...	2.4	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,710	...	...	8.1	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,860	...	...	5.5	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,205	...	...	6.6	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,320	...	...	6.9	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,960	...	...	5.8	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,780	...	...	5.3	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,330	...	...	9.9	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,940	...	...	8.7	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,665	...	...	7.9	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,140	...	...	6.4	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,645	...	...	4.9	...	...
$100,000 and over	5,895	...	...	17.5	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,840	...	...	8.4	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,620	...	...	4.8	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,435	...	...	4.3	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	22,670	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	79,500	...	...	79,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	70,000	...	...	70,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	11,405	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	69,000	...	...	69,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	61,200	...	...	61,200	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	7,085	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	118,000	...	...	118,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	101,000	...	...	101,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.7	...	...	3.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	3,565	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	53,200	...	...	53,200	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	50,400	...	...	50,400	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	12,320	5,715	6,610	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	29,400	32,400	27,400	29,400	32,400	27,400
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	27,600	29,600	26,400	27,600	29,600	26,400
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	22,620	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	93,000	...	...	93,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	79,000	...	...	79,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	11,420	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	80,200	...	...	80,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	68,400	...	...	68,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	7,065	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	131,600	...	...	131,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	109,200	...	...	109,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	3,555	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	58,600	...	...	58,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	53,300	...	...	53,300	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	12,345	5,510	6,840	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	37,400	40,320	35,040	37,400	40,320	35,040
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	32,800	34,720	31,240	32,800	34,720	31,240
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	72,100	35,200	36,905	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	10,725	5,590	5,130	14.9	15.9	13.9
0 to 5 years	2,785	1,450	1,335	3.9	4.1	3.6
18 to 64 years	41,655	20,105	21,550	57.8	57.1	58.4
65 years and over	19,720	9,500	10,220	27.4	27.0	27.7
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	13,590	6,070	7,515	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	2,085	1,105	975	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	575	295	280	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	5,760	2,555	3,205	...	...	...
65 years and over	5,745	2,415	3,335	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	18.8	17.3	20.4	18.8	17.3	20.4
0 to 17 years (%)	19.4	19.8	19.0	19.4	19.8	19.0
0 to 5 years (%)	20.7	20.4	21.0	20.7	20.4	21.0
18 to 64 years (%)	13.8	12.7	14.9	13.8	12.7	14.9
65 years and over (%)	29.2	25.4	32.6	29.2	25.4	32.6
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	72,105	35,195	36,905	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	10,725	5,590	5,135	14.9	15.9	13.9
0 to 5 years	2,785	1,450	1,330	3.9	4.1	3.6
18 to 64 years	41,655	20,105	21,555	57.8	57.1	58.4
65 years and over	19,725	9,505	10,220	27.4	27.0	27.7
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	2,595	1,250	1,345	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	295	155	140	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	75	40	35	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	2,090	1,025	1,065	...	...	...
65 years and over	210	70	140	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.6	3.6	3.7	3.6	3.6	3.7
0 to 17 years (%)	2.7	2.8	2.7	2.7	2.8	2.7
0 to 5 years (%)	2.7	2.6	2.8	2.7	2.6	2.8
18 to 64 years (%)	5.0	5.1	5.0	5.0	5.1	5.0
65 years and over (%)	1.1	0.7	1.4	1.1	0.7	1.4
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	72,105	35,195	36,905	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	46,945	22,335	24,610	65.1	63.5	66.7
In bottom decile	10,265	4,585	5,685	14.2	13.0	15.4
In second decile	11,765	5,415	6,350	16.3	15.4	17.2
In third decile	9,310	4,570	4,740	12.9	13.0	12.8
In fourth decile	8,185	4,065	4,125	11.4	11.5	11.2
In fifth decile	7,420	3,705	3,720	10.3	10.5	10.1
In top half of the distribution	25,160	12,860	12,295	34.9	36.5	33.3
In sixth decile	7,060	3,570	3,490	9.8	10.1	9.5
In seventh decile	5,940	3,025	2,915	8.2	8.6	7.9
In eighth decile	5,355	2,745	2,620	7.4	7.8	7.1
In ninth decile	4,255	2,210	2,045	5.9	6.3	5.5
In top decile	2,545	1,315	1,230	3.5	3.7	3.3
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	72,100	...	...	72,100	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.315	...	...	0.315	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.511	...	...	0.511	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.272	...	...	0.272	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.4	...	...	3.4	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	72,455	35,400	37,055	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	69,595	34,140	35,455	96.1	96.4	95.7
French only	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	2,825	1,245	1,580	3.9	3.5	4.3
Neither English nor French	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	72,455	35,400	37,055	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	72,005	35,165	36,840	99.4	99.3	99.4
French	390	210	180	0.5	0.6	0.5
English and French	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Neither English nor French	25	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	72,455	35,400	37,055	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	72,125	35,250	36,880	99.5	99.6	99.5
Official languages	71,430	34,905	36,525	98.6	98.6	98.6
English	70,985	34,675	36,310	98.0	98.0	98.0
French	450	230	220	0.6	0.6	0.6
Non-official languages	690	340	345	1.0	1.0	0.9
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	685	340	345	0.9	1.0	0.9
Afro-Asiatic languages	55	35	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	55	35	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	55	35	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	35	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	35	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	125	45	80	0.2	0.1	0.2
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	110	40	70	0.2	0.1	0.2
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	350	190	160	0.5	0.5	0.4
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	75	45	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	35	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	25	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	10	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	170	100	65	0.2	0.3	0.2
Indo-Aryan languages	165	95	65	0.2	0.3	0.2
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	70	45	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	20	15	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	60	25	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	10	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	40	15	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	45	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages	45	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	330	155	175	0.5	0.4	0.5
English and French	170	75	100	0.2	0.2	0.3
English and non-official language(s)	145	70	70	0.2	0.2	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	72,455	35,400	37,055	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	71,150	34,765	36,385	98.2	98.2	98.2
French	70	35	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-official language	175	95	80	0.2	0.3	0.2
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	175	95	80	0.2	0.3	0.2
English and French	405	180	220	0.6	0.5	0.6
English and non-official language(s)	605	285	320	0.8	0.8	0.9
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	35	20	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	72,455	35,400	37,055	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	72,270	35,315	36,960	99.7	99.8	99.7
Official languages	71,905	35,120	36,785	99.2	99.2	99.3
English	71,790	35,070	36,720	99.1	99.1	99.1
French	115	55	60	0.2	0.2	0.2
Non-official languages	360	185	175	0.5	0.5	0.5
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	360	185	175	0.5	0.5	0.5
Afro-Asiatic languages	30	20	15	0.0	0.1	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	30	20	15	0.0	0.1	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	30	20	15	0.0	0.1	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	60	30	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	55	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	185	100	85	0.3	0.3	0.2
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	20	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	20	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	135	80	55	0.2	0.2	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages	130	75	50	0.2	0.2	0.1
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	50	30	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	35	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Chinese languages	35	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	185	90	95	0.3	0.3	0.3
English and French	65	30	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and non-official language(s)	115	55	65	0.2	0.2	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	72,455	35,400	37,055	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	71,560	34,975	36,585	98.8	98.8	98.7
English	200	95	110	0.3	0.3	0.3
French	310	140	170	0.4	0.4	0.5
Non-official language	310	150	165	0.4	0.4	0.4
Indigenous³⁹	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	280	140	150	0.4	0.4	0.4
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	20	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	15	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	40	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	71,995	35,185	36,810	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	71,965	35,170	36,795	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	71,960	35,165	36,795	100.0	99.9	100.0
French	2,805	1,265	1,540	3.9	3.6	4.2
Non-official languages	1,320	700	620	1.8	2.0	1.7
Indigenous languages³⁹	60	25	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Algonquian languages	50	20	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mi'kmaq	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,270	685	585	1.8	1.9	1.6
Afro-Asiatic languages	140	95	45	0.2	0.3	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	140	95	45	0.2	0.3	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	125	95	30	0.2	0.3	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	40	15	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	40	15	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	160	70	90	0.2	0.2	0.2
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	145	65	85	0.2	0.2	0.2
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	15	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	30	20	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	655	350	305	0.9	1.0	0.8
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	100	35	70	0.1	0.1	0.2
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	100	35	70	0.1	0.1	0.2
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	60	20	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	20	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	125	75	50	0.2	0.2	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	80	45	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
German	75	40	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	40	35	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	25	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	215	130	80	0.3	0.4	0.2
Indo-Aryan languages	200	125	75	0.3	0.4	0.2
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	65	15	50	0.1	0.0	0.1
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	60	50	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	100	85	15	0.1	0.2	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	260	130	130	0.4	0.4	0.4
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	35	25	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Romanian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	185	90	100	0.3	0.3	0.3
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	70	45	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	25	20	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	120	60	55	0.2	0.2	0.1
American Sign Language	105	55	45	0.1	0.2	0.1
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	20	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	50	35	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages	50	30	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	30	20	15	0.0	0.1	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	20	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	71,995	35,185	36,805	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	20,005	9,705	10,300	27.8	27.6	28.0
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	18,045	8,705	9,345	25.1	24.7	25.4
First Nations (North American Indian)	16,600	7,995	8,595	23.1	22.7	23.4
Métis	1,010	515	500	1.4	1.5	1.4
Inuk (Inuit)	440	195	245	0.6	0.6	0.7
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	245	125	115	0.3	0.4	0.3
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	1,715	875	840	2.4	2.5	2.3
Non-Indigenous identity	51,985	25,485	26,505	72.2	72.4	72.0
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	71,995	35,185	36,805	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	13,475	6,445	7,030	18.7	18.3	19.1
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	58,515	28,735	29,780	81.3	81.7	80.9
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	33,570	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	25,430	...	...	75.8	...	...
Renter	8,145	...	...	24.3	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	33,570	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	465	...	...	1.4	...	...
Not condominium	33,110	...	...	98.6	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	33,570	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	45	...	...	0.1	...	...
1 bedroom	2,100	...	...	6.3	...	...
2 bedrooms	9,050	...	...	27.0	...	...
3 bedrooms	15,435	...	...	46.0	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	6,945	...	...	20.7	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	33,570	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	5,710	...	...	17.0	...	...
5 rooms	5,700	...	...	17.0	...	...
6 rooms	6,195	...	...	18.5	...	...
7 rooms	5,185	...	...	15.4	...	...
8 or more rooms	10,785	...	...	32.1	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.7	...	...	6.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	33,570	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	33,485	...	...	99.7	...	...
More than one person per room	90	...	...	0.3	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	33,570	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	33,050	...	...	98.5	...	...
Not suitable	525	...	...	1.6	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	33,570	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	7,480	...	...	22.3	...	...
1961 to 1980	11,850	...	...	35.3	...	...
1981 to 1990	4,875	...	...	14.5	...	...
1991 to 2000	3,680	...	...	11.0	...	...
2001 to 2005	1,360	...	...	4.1	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,665	...	...	5.0	...	...
2011 to 2015	1,570	...	...	4.7	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	1,100	...	...	3.3	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	33,570	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	31,385	...	...	93.5	...	...
Major repairs needed	2,185	...	...	6.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	33,570	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	18,065	...	...	53.8	...	...
Two-maintainer household	14,715	...	...	43.8	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	790	...	...	2.4	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	33,570	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	795	...	...	2.4	...	...
25 to 34 years	2,970	...	...	8.8	...	...
35 to 44 years	3,810	...	...	11.3	...	...
45 to 54 years	5,595	...	...	16.7	...	...
55 to 64 years	7,780	...	...	23.2	...	...
65 to 74 years	7,600	...	...	22.6	...	...
75 to 84 years	3,935	...	...	11.7	...	...
85 years and over	1,085	...	...	3.2	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	33,495	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	28,710	...	...	85.7	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	4,785	...	...	14.3	...	...
30% to less than 100%	4,475	...	...	13.4	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	33,575	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	7,025	...	...	20.9	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	4,350	...	...	13.0	...	...
Not suitable only	455	...	...	1.4	...	...
Major repairs needed only	1,755	...	...	5.2	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	30	...	...	0.1	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	395	...	...	1.2	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	25	...	...	0.1	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	10	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	26,545	...	...	79.1	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	33,190	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	2,495	...	...	7.5	...	...
Not in core need	30,690	...	...	92.5	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	25,410	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	40.0	...	...	40.0	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	7.8	...	...	7.8	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	576	...	...	576	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	829	...	...	829	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	184,000	...	...	184,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	199,800	...	...	199,800	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	8,145	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	23.4	...	...	23.4	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	34.6	...	...	34.6	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	19.0	...	...	19.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	785	...	...	785	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	814	...	...	814	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	71,995	35,185	36,805	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	13,505	6,515	6,985	18.8	18.5	19.0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	13,420	6,475	6,945	18.6	18.4	18.9
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	12,735	6,120	6,620	17.7	17.4	18.0
Métis single ancestry	410	210	195	0.6	0.6	0.5
Inuit single ancestry	275	145	130	0.4	0.4	0.4
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	80	40	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	25	20	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	20	20	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	10,560	5,140	5,420	14.7	14.6	14.7
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	10,315	5,015	5,300	14.3	14.3	14.4
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	9,695	4,720	4,975	13.5	13.4	13.5
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	310	170	135	0.4	0.5	0.4
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	305	120	190	0.4	0.3	0.5
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	245	130	120	0.3	0.4	0.3
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	135	70	65	0.2	0.2	0.2
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	75	35	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	30	20	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	47,930	23,530	24,400	66.6	66.9	66.3
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	71,990	35,185	36,805	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	71,330	34,810	36,520	99.1	98.9	99.2
Canadian citizens aged under 18	10,775	5,675	5,105	15.0	16.1	13.9
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	60,555	29,140	31,415	84.1	82.8	85.4
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	665	375	290	0.9	1.1	0.8
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	71,990	35,185	36,805	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	70,555	34,450	36,105	98.0	97.9	98.1
Immigrants⁸¹	1,225	600	625	1.7	1.7	1.7
Before 1980	415	180	240	0.6	0.5	0.7
1980 to 1990	115	60	55	0.2	0.2	0.1
1991 to 2000	85	45	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
2001 to 2010	210	95	110	0.3	0.3	0.3
2011 to 2021⁸²	395	210	185	0.5	0.6	0.5
2011 to 2015	135	75	60	0.2	0.2	0.2
2016 to 2021	260	130	125	0.4	0.4	0.3
Non-permanent residents⁸³	215	135	75	0.3	0.4	0.2
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	1,225	600	625	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	135	70	65	11.0	11.7	10.4
5 to 14 years	205	100	105	16.7	16.7	16.8
15 to 24 years	265	115	150	21.6	19.2	24.0
25 to 44 years	525	255	275	42.9	42.5	44.0
45 years and over	90	65	30	7.3	10.8	4.8
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	1,225	600	625	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	215	100	115	17.6	16.7	18.4
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	15	15	0	1.2	2.5	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	10	0	10	0.8	0.0	1.6
United States of America	125	65	65	10.2	10.8	10.4
Other places of birth in Americas	30	0	30	2.4	0.0	4.8
Europe	510	245	265	41.6	40.8	42.4
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	15	0	10	1.2	0.0	1.6
Germany	10	10	0	0.8	1.7	0.0
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	10	0	10	0.8	0.0	1.6
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	20	0	10	1.6	0.0	1.6
Poland	15	10	0	1.2	1.7	0.0
Portugal	15	10	0	1.2	1.7	0.0
Romania	10	0	10	0.8	0.0	1.6
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	15	0	10	1.2	0.0	1.6
United Kingdom⁸⁷	280	135	145	22.9	22.5	23.2
Other places of birth in Europe	105	60	45	8.6	10.0	7.2
Africa	130	75	55	10.6	12.5	8.8
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	40	25	15	3.3	4.2	2.4
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	40	20	15	3.3	3.3	2.4
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	20	10	10	1.6	1.7	1.6
Other places of birth in Africa	25	10	15	2.0	1.7	2.4
Asia	360	180	175	29.4	30.0	28.0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	40	20	20	3.3	3.3	3.2
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	135	60	75	11.0	10.0	12.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	20	0	15	1.6	0.0	2.4
India	65	50	20	5.3	8.3	3.2
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	10	0	0	0.8	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	45	25	20	3.7	4.2	3.2
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	15	0	15	1.2	0.0	2.4
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	260	135	130	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	35	25	15	13.5	18.5	11.5
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	20	10	10	7.7	7.4	7.7
Europe	15	0	0	5.8	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	30	15	10	11.5	11.1	7.7
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	20	15	0	7.7	11.1	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	10	0	0	3.8	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	180	85	95	69.2	63.0	73.1
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	10	10	0	3.8	7.4	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	105	45	55	40.4	33.3	42.3
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	10	0	10	3.8	0.0	7.7
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	71,995	35,190	36,805	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	1,585	805	780	2.2	2.3	2.1
Second generation¹⁰¹	2,015	1,070	945	2.8	3.0	2.6
Third generation or more¹⁰²	68,400	33,305	35,090	95.0	94.6	95.3
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	805	415	390	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	525	280	245	65.2	67.5	62.8
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	235	145	90	29.2	34.9	23.1
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	285	135	155	35.4	32.5	39.7
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	230	110	120	28.6	26.5	30.8
Refugees¹⁰⁸	45	25	20	5.6	6.0	5.1
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	805	415	390	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	205	110	100	25.5	26.5	25.6
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	50	25	25	6.2	6.0	6.4
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	70	50	15	8.7	12.0	3.8
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	25	15	15	3.1	3.6	3.8
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	450	220	230	55.9	53.0	59.0
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	71,995	35,185	36,810	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	1,070	590	485	1.5	1.7	1.3
South Asian	320	185	135	0.4	0.5	0.4
Chinese	75	45	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Black	240	140	105	0.3	0.4	0.3
Filipino	180	75	105	0.3	0.2	0.3
Arab	100	75	25	0.1	0.2	0.1
Latin American	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Southeast Asian	60	25	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
West Asian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple visible minorities	25	20	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	70,925	34,600	36,325	98.5	98.3	98.7
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	71,995	35,185	36,805	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	15,275	7,320	7,945	21.2	20.8	21.6
English	22,515	10,885	11,630	31.3	30.9	31.6
Irish	10,510	5,100	5,410	14.6	14.5	14.7
Scottish	5,310	2,635	2,680	7.4	7.5	7.3
French, n.o.s.¹²²	7,440	3,660	3,775	10.3	10.4	10.3
German	1,145	560	590	1.6	1.6	1.6
Chinese	120	60	60	0.2	0.2	0.2
Italian	265	135	135	0.4	0.4	0.4
Indian (India)	295	155	145	0.4	0.4	0.4
Ukrainian	100	40	65	0.1	0.1	0.2
Dutch	245	115	130	0.3	0.3	0.4
Polish	190	75	110	0.3	0.2	0.3
Québécois	50	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	2,695	1,350	1,340	3.7	3.8	3.6
Filipino	165	80	90	0.2	0.2	0.2
French Canadian	130	50	80	0.2	0.1	0.2
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	3,050	1,475	1,575	4.2	4.2	4.3
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	6,435	3,090	3,350	8.9	8.8	9.1
Métis	955	510	440	1.3	1.4	1.2
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	1,025	515	510	1.4	1.5	1.4
Russian	85	25	60	0.1	0.1	0.2
Norwegian	210	110	95	0.3	0.3	0.3
Welsh	600	285	310	0.8	0.8	0.8
Portuguese	165	90	80	0.2	0.3	0.2
American	265	140	125	0.4	0.4	0.3
Spanish	135	40	95	0.2	0.1	0.3
Swedish	120	40	80	0.2	0.1	0.2
Hungarian	55	20	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Acadian	195	90	105	0.3	0.3	0.3
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	35	20	15	0.0	0.1	0.0
Jewish	90	50	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Punjabi	25	20	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	25	20	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican	20	20	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	60	35	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Korean	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	45	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Lebanese	185	125	60	0.3	0.4	0.2
Iranian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	235	135	100	0.3	0.4	0.3
Danish	50	10	45	0.1	0.0	0.1
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	1,850	955	895	2.6	2.7	2.4
Sikh	15	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belgian	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	30	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Mennonite	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	45	30	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Finnish	40	10	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
Sri Lankan	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	35	20	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	50	0	45	0.1	0.0	0.1
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	9,520	4,600	4,920	13.2	13.1	13.4
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	155	85	70	0.2	0.2	0.2
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	50	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	20	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	30	25	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Colombian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	20	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syrian	50	40	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	35	25	15	0.0	0.1	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	75	40	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Newfoundlander	4,375	2,120	2,255	6.1	6.0	6.1
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	80	40	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Persian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	670	305	360	0.9	0.9	1.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	30	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	15	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	30	25	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	15	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South African	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	85	30	50	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	40	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	65	25	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
New Brunswicker	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	20	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	140	85	60	0.2	0.2	0.2
Latvian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	65	40	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Coptic	25	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	50	15	35	0.1	0.0	0.1
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	4,620	2,160	2,460	6.4	6.1	6.7
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	71,995	35,185	36,810	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	25	0	25	0.0	0.0	0.1
Christian	61,850	29,710	32,145	85.9	84.4	87.3
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	1,690	835	855	2.3	2.4	2.3
Anabaptist	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	23,005	11,155	11,850	32.0	31.7	32.2
Baptist	190	70	120	0.3	0.2	0.3
Catholic	23,420	11,265	12,155	32.5	32.0	33.0
Christian Orthodox	80	40	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Jehovah's Witness	245	115	135	0.3	0.3	0.4
Latter Day Saints	35	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Lutheran	50	35	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	2,930	1,400	1,530	4.1	4.0	4.2
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	3,820	1,805	2,015	5.3	5.1	5.5
Presbyterian	85	25	60	0.1	0.1	0.2
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	5,865	2,725	3,140	8.1	7.7	8.5
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	425	225	195	0.6	0.6	0.5
Hindu	70	45	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Jewish	20	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	175	85	90	0.2	0.2	0.2
Sikh	95	70	15	0.1	0.2	0.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	115	45	70	0.2	0.1	0.2
No religion and secular perspectives	9,615	5,210	4,405	13.4	14.8	12.0
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	71,520	34,995	36,525	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	66,020	32,300	33,715	92.3	92.3	92.3
Movers	5,500	2,695	2,805	7.7	7.7	7.7
Non-migrants	2,940	1,385	1,550	4.1	4.0	4.2
Migrants	2,555	1,305	1,250	3.6	3.7	3.4
Internal migrants	2,455	1,245	1,205	3.4	3.6	3.3
Intraprovincial migrants	1,445	665	780	2.0	1.9	2.1
Interprovincial migrants	1,010	580	425	1.4	1.7	1.2
External migrants	100	60	40	0.1	0.2	0.1
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	69,680	34,035	35,645	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	50,250	24,710	25,545	72.1	72.6	71.7
Movers	19,425	9,325	10,105	27.9	27.4	28.3
Non-migrants	6,905	3,290	3,615	9.9	9.7	10.1
Migrants	12,525	6,035	6,485	18.0	17.7	18.2
Internal migrants	12,045	5,750	6,295	17.3	16.9	17.7
Intraprovincial migrants	8,500	3,940	4,560	12.2	11.6	12.8
Interprovincial migrants	3,545	1,805	1,735	5.1	5.3	4.9
External migrants	485	290	195	0.7	0.9	0.5
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	63,380	30,700	32,685	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	16,915	8,815	8,100	26.7	28.7	24.8
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	46,465	21,885	24,585	73.3	71.3	75.2
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	37,025	17,650	19,375	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	6,535	3,710	2,825	17.7	21.0	14.6
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	30,490	13,940	16,550	82.3	79.0	85.4
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	63,380	30,695	32,680	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	15,660	7,860	7,795	24.7	25.6	23.9
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	17,915	8,380	9,535	28.3	27.3	29.2
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	29,805	14,450	15,355	47.0	47.1	47.0
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	22,055	11,320	10,735	34.8	36.9	32.8
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	6,505	4,820	1,685	10.3	15.7	5.2
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	3,325	1,980	1,345	5.2	6.5	4.1
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	3,175	2,840	340	5.0	9.3	1.0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	14,455	6,000	8,455	22.8	19.5	25.9
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,090	495	590	1.7	1.6	1.8
Bachelor's degree or higher	7,750	3,130	4,625	12.2	10.2	14.2
Bachelor's degree	5,295	2,080	3,215	8.4	6.8	9.8
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	355	110	245	0.6	0.4	0.7
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	220	130	90	0.3	0.4	0.3
Master's degree	1,680	665	1,015	2.7	2.2	3.1
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	200	140	65	0.3	0.5	0.2
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	37,020	17,645	19,375	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	5,765	3,150	2,620	15.6	17.9	13.5
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	9,890	4,630	5,255	26.7	26.2	27.1
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	21,365	9,870	11,495	57.7	55.9	59.3
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	15,695	7,785	7,910	42.4	44.1	40.8
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	4,220	3,085	1,135	11.4	17.5	5.9
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	2,275	1,345	935	6.1	7.6	4.8
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	1,945	1,745	205	5.3	9.9	1.1
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	10,835	4,375	6,460	29.3	24.8	33.3
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	635	320	315	1.7	1.8	1.6
Bachelor's degree or higher	5,675	2,090	3,585	15.3	11.8	18.5
Bachelor's degree	3,800	1,400	2,395	10.3	7.9	12.4
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	225	45	175	0.6	0.3	0.9
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	175	105	70	0.5	0.6	0.4
Master's degree	1,305	420	885	3.5	2.4	4.6
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	165	110	50	0.4	0.6	0.3
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	63,380	30,700	32,685	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	33,575	16,245	17,325	53.0	52.9	53.0
Education	2,640	890	1,750	4.2	2.9	5.4
13. Education	2,640	890	1,750	4.2	2.9	5.4
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	385	185	195	0.6	0.6	0.6
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	35	35	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	345	150	190	0.5	0.5	0.6
Humanities	765	335	425	1.2	1.1	1.3
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	35	10	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
23. English language and literature/letters	220	85	135	0.3	0.3	0.4
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	205	80	125	0.3	0.3	0.4
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	45	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
39. Theology and religious vocations	155	95	65	0.2	0.3	0.2
54. History	65	40	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	35	0	30	0.1	0.0	0.1
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,675	475	1,205	2.6	1.5	3.7
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	75	25	50	0.1	0.1	0.2
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	540	60	485	0.9	0.2	1.5
22. Legal professions and studies	165	45	115	0.3	0.1	0.4
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	20	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
42. Psychology	450	125	325	0.7	0.4	1.0
45. Social sciences	415	210	205	0.7	0.7	0.6
Business, management and public administration	5,975	1,065	4,920	9.4	3.5	15.1
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	345	30	310	0.5	0.1	0.9
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	5,630	1,030	4,605	8.9	3.4	14.1
Physical and life sciences and technologies	550	265	290	0.9	0.9	0.9
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	245	130	120	0.4	0.4	0.4
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	160	75	90	0.3	0.2	0.3
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	120	45	70	0.2	0.1	0.2
41. Science technologies/technicians	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	855	390	460	1.3	1.3	1.4
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	700	340	360	1.1	1.1	1.1
25. Library science	90	10	80	0.1	0.0	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	65	50	15	0.1	0.2	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	7,320	6,875	450	11.5	22.4	1.4
04. Architecture and related services	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
14. Engineering	435	395	40	0.7	1.3	0.1
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	1,620	1,345	270	2.6	4.4	0.8
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	2,430	2,370	60	3.8	7.7	0.2
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,965	1,915	45	3.1	6.2	0.1
48. Precision production	850	825	20	1.3	2.7	0.1
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	955	600	350	1.5	2.0	1.1
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	250	50	195	0.4	0.2	0.6
03. Natural resources and conservation	705	550	160	1.1	1.8	0.5
Health and related fields	4,885	745	4,135	7.7	2.4	12.7
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	145	80	65	0.2	0.3	0.2
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	4,655	635	4,020	7.3	2.1	12.3
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	25	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	55	30	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,785	2,615	1,175	6.0	8.5	3.6
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	1,285	285	1,000	2.0	0.9	3.1
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	20	20	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
43. Security and protective services	340	290	45	0.5	0.9	0.1
49. Transportation and materials moving	2,135	2,015	120	3.4	6.6	0.4
Other¹⁷⁹	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	37,025	17,650	19,375	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	15,655	7,780	7,875	42.3	44.1	40.6
Education	1,435	435	1,005	3.9	2.5	5.2
13. Education	1,435	435	1,005	3.9	2.5	5.2
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	275	130	150	0.7	0.7	0.8
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	20	20	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	255	110	150	0.7	0.6	0.8
Humanities	475	200	285	1.3	1.1	1.5
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
23. English language and literature/letters	120	45	75	0.3	0.3	0.4
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	130	55	75	0.4	0.3	0.4
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
39. Theology and religious vocations	120	65	55	0.3	0.4	0.3
54. History	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,340	315	1,025	3.6	1.8	5.3
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	60	20	40	0.2	0.1	0.2
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	470	45	420	1.3	0.3	2.2
22. Legal professions and studies	130	20	110	0.4	0.1	0.6
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
42. Psychology	350	80	270	0.9	0.5	1.4
45. Social sciences	315	140	175	0.9	0.8	0.9
Business, management and public administration	4,540	740	3,795	12.3	4.2	19.6
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	295	15	280	0.8	0.1	1.4
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	4,240	725	3,510	11.5	4.1	18.1
Physical and life sciences and technologies	395	190	205	1.1	1.1	1.1
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	190	110	90	0.5	0.6	0.5
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	100	50	50	0.3	0.3	0.3
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	85	25	60	0.2	0.1	0.3
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	720	345	380	1.9	2.0	2.0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	615	310	305	1.7	1.8	1.6
25. Library science	60	0	55	0.2	0.0	0.3
27. Mathematics and statistics	45	30	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	4,965	4,560	405	13.4	25.8	2.1
04. Architecture and related services	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
14. Engineering	335	300	45	0.9	1.7	0.2
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	1,300	1,040	260	3.5	5.9	1.3
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	1,655	1,605	50	4.5	9.1	0.3
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,150	1,115	35	3.1	6.3	0.2
48. Precision production	505	495	10	1.4	2.8	0.1
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	750	450	300	2.0	2.5	1.5
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	190	30	155	0.5	0.2	0.8
03. Natural resources and conservation	560	415	145	1.5	2.4	0.7
Health and related fields	3,700	585	3,115	10.0	3.3	16.1
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	110	55	55	0.3	0.3	0.3
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	3,515	505	3,010	9.5	2.9	15.5
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	50	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.2
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,765	1,915	850	7.5	10.8	4.4
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	925	195	725	2.5	1.1	3.7
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
43. Security and protective services	270	230	45	0.7	1.3	0.2
49. Transportation and materials moving	1,545	1,470	70	4.2	8.3	0.4
Other¹⁷⁹	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	37,025	17,650	19,375	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	15,655	7,780	7,875	42.3	44.1	40.6
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	21,365	9,870	11,500	57.7	55.9	59.4
Location of study inside Canada	20,845	9,600	11,245	56.3	54.4	58.0
Same as province or territory of residence	17,095	7,825	9,270	46.2	44.3	47.8
Different than province or territory of residence	3,750	1,775	1,975	10.1	10.1	10.2
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	525	265	250	1.4	1.5	1.3
Americas	145	85	60	0.4	0.5	0.3
United States of America	125	70	45	0.3	0.4	0.2
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	130	60	65	0.4	0.3	0.3
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Ireland⁹⁶	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
United Kingdom⁸⁷	55	30	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Africa	55	30	25	0.1	0.2	0.1
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
South Africa, Republic of	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	185	80	100	0.5	0.5	0.5
Iran⁸⁸	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	75	20	50	0.2	0.1	0.3
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Sri Lanka	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	45	30	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Oceania	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	63,380	30,695	32,680	...	...	...
In the labour force	31,715	15,885	15,820	...	...	...
Employed	25,775	12,350	13,430	...	...	...
Unemployed	5,935	3,545	2,395	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	31,670	14,810	16,860	...	...	...
Participation rate	50.0	51.8	48.4	50.0	51.8	48.4
Employment rate	40.7	40.2	41.1	40.7	40.2	41.1
Unemployment rate	18.7	22.3	15.1	18.7	22.3	15.1
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	63,380	30,700	32,685	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	30,370	14,100	16,275	47.9	45.9	49.8
Worked	33,010	16,600	16,410	52.1	54.1	50.2
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	14,180	6,705	7,480	22.4	21.8	22.9
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	18,820	9,895	8,925	29.7	32.2	27.3
Average weeks worked in reference year	35.7	34.1	37.3	35.7	34.1	37.3
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	31,715	15,890	15,825	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	1,110	620	485	3.5	3.9	3.1
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	30,600	15,270	15,340	96.5	96.1	96.9
Employee	28,340	13,895	14,445	89.4	87.4	91.3
Permanent position	18,825	8,700	10,130	59.4	54.8	64.0
Temporary position	9,515	5,200	4,310	30.0	32.7	27.2
Fixed term (1 year or more)	1,450	605	845	4.6	3.8	5.3
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	8,060	4,590	3,470	25.4	28.9	21.9
Self-employed¹⁹²	2,265	1,370	895	7.1	8.6	5.7
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	31,715	15,890	15,825	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	1,110	620	485	3.5	3.9	3.1
All occupations¹⁹¹	30,600	15,270	15,340	96.5	96.1	96.9
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	180	90	90	0.6	0.6	0.6
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	3,455	815	2,640	10.9	5.1	16.7
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,275	1,025	250	4.0	6.5	1.6
3 Health occupations	3,150	545	2,610	9.9	3.4	16.5
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	4,940	1,350	3,590	15.6	8.5	22.7
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	485	200	290	1.5	1.3	1.8
6 Sales and service occupations	7,910	3,065	4,850	24.9	19.3	30.6
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	6,460	6,000	460	20.4	37.8	2.9
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,610	1,335	280	5.1	8.4	1.8
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,130	850	280	3.6	5.3	1.8
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	31,715	15,890	15,825	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	1,110	620	485	3.5	3.9	3.1
All industries¹⁹¹	30,600	15,270	15,340	96.5	96.1	96.9
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	1,765	1,360	400	5.6	8.6	2.5
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	695	660	30	2.2	4.2	0.2
22 Utilities	230	205	25	0.7	1.3	0.2
23 Construction	2,490	2,200	285	7.9	13.8	1.8
31-33 Manufacturing	1,355	1,030	325	4.3	6.5	2.1
41 Wholesale trade	595	455	140	1.9	2.9	0.9
44-45 Retail trade	4,385	1,900	2,485	13.8	12.0	15.7
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,930	1,430	505	6.1	9.0	3.2
51 Information and cultural industries	285	155	135	0.9	1.0	0.9
52 Finance and insurance	440	115	325	1.4	0.7	2.1
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	225	160	70	0.7	1.0	0.4
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	855	475	385	2.7	3.0	2.4
55 Management of companies and enterprises	30	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	725	380	350	2.3	2.4	2.2
61 Educational services	2,485	870	1,610	7.8	5.5	10.2
62 Health care and social assistance	6,270	1,060	5,205	19.8	6.7	32.9
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	535	285	255	1.7	1.8	1.6
72 Accommodation and food services	1,965	705	1,260	6.2	4.4	8.0
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,220	550	675	3.8	3.5	4.3
91 Public administration	2,110	1,255	855	6.7	7.9	5.4
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	35,495	17,865	17,630	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	35,115	17,735	17,380	98.9	99.3	98.6
French	85	20	65	0.2	0.1	0.4
Non-official language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	255	105	150	0.7	0.6	0.9
English and non-official language(s)	35	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	35,495	17,865	17,630	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	35,485	17,865	17,620	100.0	100.0	99.9
Official languages	35,475	17,865	17,615	99.9	100.0	99.9
English	35,340	17,835	17,505	99.6	99.8	99.3
French	140	30	110	0.4	0.2	0.6
Non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	35,495	17,865	17,630	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	35,215	17,755	17,460	99.2	99.4	99.0
English	60	15	45	0.2	0.1	0.3
French	190	90	100	0.5	0.5	0.6
Non-official language	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	25,780	12,345	13,430	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	2,075	860	1,210	8.0	7.0	9.0
Worked outside Canada	40	30	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
No fixed workplace address	4,360	3,040	1,320	16.9	24.6	9.8
Usual place of work	19,300	8,415	10,885	74.9	68.2	81.0
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	19,300	8,415	10,885	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	11,175	4,650	6,525	57.9	55.3	59.9
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	6,200	2,525	3,675	32.1	30.0	33.8
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	1,430	830	605	7.4	9.9	5.6
Commute to a different province or territory	500	410	90	2.6	4.9	0.8
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	23,665	11,450	12,210	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	21,095	9,980	11,115	89.1	87.2	91.0
Car, truck or van - as a driver	19,090	9,130	9,965	80.7	79.7	81.6
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	2,000	850	1,150	8.5	7.4	9.4
Public transit	225	170	50	1.0	1.5	0.4
Walked	1,470	600	875	6.2	5.2	7.2
Bicycle	25	25	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Other method	850	675	170	3.6	5.9	1.4
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	23,665	11,450	12,210	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	14,305	6,470	7,840	60.4	56.5	64.2
15 to 29 minutes	5,330	2,600	2,730	22.5	22.7	22.4
30 to 44 minutes	2,000	1,000	1,000	8.5	8.7	8.2
45 to 59 minutes	715	390	325	3.0	3.4	2.7
60 minutes and over	1,305	990	315	5.5	8.6	2.6
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	23,665	11,450	12,210	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,210	960	255	5.1	8.4	2.1
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	2,790	1,950	850	11.8	17.0	7.0
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	6,795	3,585	3,215	28.7	31.3	26.3
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	7,145	2,760	4,390	30.2	24.1	36.0
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	2,845	795	2,050	12.0	6.9	16.8
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	2,865	1,415	1,450	12.1	12.4	11.9
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	10,950	5,705	5,245	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	425	215	215	3.9	3.8	4.1
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	10,525	5,495	5,030	96.1	96.3	95.9
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	8,515	4,440	4,075	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	335	170	160	3.9	3.8	3.9
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	190	95	100	2.2	2.1	2.5
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	140	75	60	1.6	1.7	1.5
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	8,180	4,265	3,915	96.1	96.1	96.1

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not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 18, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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