Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	VictoriavilleMore information: Quebec [Census agglomeration]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	52,936	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	51,336^r	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	3.1	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total private dwellings²	25,279	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	23,910	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	140.0	...	...	140.0	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	378.10	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	52,935	25,790	27,145	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	8,460	4,410	4,045	16.0	17.1	14.9
0 to 4 years	2,550	1,345	1,205	4.8	5.2	4.4
5 to 9 years	2,890	1,495	1,385	5.5	5.8	5.1
10 to 14 years	3,025	1,570	1,455	5.7	6.1	5.4
15 to 64 years	30,340	15,140	15,200	57.3	58.7	56.0
15 to 19 years	2,705	1,355	1,345	5.1	5.3	5.0
20 to 24 years	2,475	1,305	1,165	4.7	5.1	4.3
25 to 29 years	2,580	1,335	1,245	4.9	5.2	4.6
30 to 34 years	2,740	1,395	1,345	5.2	5.4	5.0
35 to 39 years	3,135	1,540	1,585	5.9	6.0	5.8
40 to 44 years	3,295	1,700	1,595	6.2	6.6	5.9
45 to 49 years	2,895	1,420	1,470	5.5	5.5	5.4
50 to 54 years	2,835	1,355	1,480	5.4	5.3	5.5
55 to 59 years	3,720	1,825	1,890	7.0	7.1	7.0
60 to 64 years	3,975	1,900	2,075	7.5	7.4	7.6
65 years and over	14,135	6,235	7,895	26.7	24.2	29.1
65 to 69 years	4,020	1,895	2,125	7.6	7.3	7.8
70 to 74 years	3,505	1,620	1,885	6.6	6.3	6.9
75 to 79 years	2,745	1,235	1,510	5.2	4.8	5.6
80 to 84 years	1,870	750	1,120	3.5	2.9	4.1
85 years and over	2,005	735	1,260	3.8	2.8	4.6
85 to 89 years	1,255	495	760	2.4	1.9	2.8
90 to 94 years	590	210	375	1.1	0.8	1.4
95 to 99 years	150	35	115	0.3	0.1	0.4
100 years and over	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.0	17.1	14.9	16.0	17.1	14.9
15 to 64 years	57.3	58.7	56.0	57.3	58.7	56.0
65 years and over	26.7	24.2	29.1	26.7	24.2	29.1
85 years and over	3.8	2.8	4.6	3.8	2.8	4.6
Average age of the population	45.4	43.8	46.9	45.4	43.8	46.9
Median age of the population	46.8	44.4	49.2	46.8	44.4	49.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	23,910	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	12,215	...	...	51.1	...	...
Semi-detached house	2,420	...	...	10.1	...	...
Row house	195	...	...	0.8	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	1,290	...	...	5.4	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	7,685	...	...	32.1	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	5	...	...	0.0	...	...
Other single-attached house	35	...	...	0.1	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	70	...	...	0.3	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	23,910	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	8,980	...	...	37.6	...	...
2 persons	8,670	...	...	36.3	...	...
3 persons	2,570	...	...	10.7	...	...
4 persons	2,460	...	...	10.3	...	...
5 or more persons	1,225	...	...	5.1	...	...
Number of persons in private households	50,555	24,940	25,615	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.1	...	...	2.1	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	44,475	21,380	23,095	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	24,805	12,355	12,450	55.8	57.8	53.9
Married	12,575	6,260	6,310	28.3	29.3	27.3
Living common-law	12,230	6,090	6,140	27.5	28.5	26.6
Living common law - Never married	9,540	4,715	4,820	21.5	22.1	20.9
Living common law - Separated	85	45	45	0.2	0.2	0.2
Living common law - Divorced	2,270	1,175	1,090	5.1	5.5	4.7
Living common law - Widowed	330	150	175	0.7	0.7	0.8
Not married and not living common-law	19,670	9,025	10,645	44.2	42.2	46.1
Not married and not living common law - Never married	12,780	6,755	6,030	28.7	31.6	26.1
Not married and not living common law - Separated	480	195	290	1.1	0.9	1.3
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	3,600	1,395	2,200	8.1	6.5	9.5
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	2,805	685	2,125	6.3	3.2	9.2
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	14,340	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	8,390	...	...	58.5	...	...
3 persons	2,450	...	...	17.1	...	...
4 persons	2,395	...	...	16.7	...	...
5 or more persons	1,105	...	...	7.7	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	14,335	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	12,115	...	...	84.5	...	...
Married couples	6,000	...	...	41.9	...	...
With children⁶	1,725	...	...	12.0	...	...
Without children	4,280	...	...	29.9	...	...
Common-law couples	6,110	...	...	42.6	...	...
With children⁶	3,245	...	...	22.6	...	...
Without children	2,865	...	...	20.0	...	...
Total one-parent families	2,225	...	...	15.5	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	1,610	...	...	11.2	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	615	...	...	4.3	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	50,550	24,940	25,615	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	39,650	19,745	19,900	78.4	79.2	77.7
Married spouses or common-law partners	24,225	12,095	12,130	47.9	48.5	47.4
Parents in one-parent families	2,225	610	1,615	4.4	2.4	6.3
Children⁶	13,200	7,035	6,160	26.1	28.2	24.0
In a two-parent family	9,645	5,140	4,505	19.1	20.6	17.6
In a one-parent family	3,555	1,900	1,660	7.0	7.6	6.5
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	10,905	5,195	5,710	21.6	20.8	22.3
Living alone	8,980	4,100	4,875	17.8	16.4	19.0
Living with other relatives⁷	695	320	370	1.4	1.3	1.4
Living with non-relatives only	1,230	770	460	2.4	3.1	1.8
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	23,910	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	13,825	...	...	57.8	...	...
Couple-family households	11,785	...	...	49.3	...	...
With children⁶	4,845	...	...	20.3	...	...
Without children	6,940	...	...	29.0	...	...
One-parent-family households	2,035	...	...	8.5	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	125	...	...	0.5	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	40	...	...	0.2	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	265	...	...	1.1	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	675	...	...	2.8	...	...
One-person households	8,980	...	...	37.6	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	42,100	20,530	21,565	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	41,545	20,260	21,285	98.7	98.7	98.7
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,000	42,400	34,400	38,000	42,400	34,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	41,550	20,265	21,285	98.7	98.7	98.7
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,000	37,200	31,400	34,000	37,200	31,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	37,085	18,500	18,585	88.1	90.1	86.2
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	30,200	36,000	24,800	30,200	36,000	24,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	28,635	14,845	13,790	68.0	72.3	63.9
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	33,200	38,000	28,600	33,200	38,000	28,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	35,750	16,685	19,065	84.9	81.3	88.4
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,400	11,000	13,300	12,400	11,000	13,300
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	5,470	2,860	2,605	13.0	13.9	12.1
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,120	5,280	5,040	5,120	5,280	5,040
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	11,810	6,105	5,705	28.1	29.7	26.5
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	5,480	7,000	6,000	5,480	7,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	42,110	20,570	21,545	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	41,605	20,325	21,285	98.8	98.8	98.8
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	45,040	49,960	40,360	45,040	49,960	40,360
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	41,605	20,325	21,285	98.8	98.8	98.8
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,120	41,320	35,080	38,120	41,320	35,080
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	37,100	18,615	18,485	88.1	90.5	85.8
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,160	44,000	32,280	38,160	44,000	32,280
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	28,635	14,915	13,720	68.0	72.5	63.7
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,400	43,600	34,760	39,400	43,600	34,760
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	35,815	16,745	19,070	85.1	81.4	88.5
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,820	11,730	13,760	12,820	11,730	13,760
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	5,610	2,970	2,635	13.3	14.4	12.2
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,420	6,180	6,690	6,420	6,180	6,690
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	11,885	6,145	5,740	28.2	29.9	26.6
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,160	6,770	7,570	7,160	6,770	7,570
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	42,115	20,570	21,540	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	13,210	7,225	5,985	31.4	35.1	27.8
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	51,600	56,400	46,400	51,600	56,400	46,400
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	58,300	62,700	52,950	58,300	62,700	52,950
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	12,470	6,045	6,425	29.6	29.4	29.8
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	18,800	21,800	16,400	18,800	21,800	16,400
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	25,920	29,480	22,600	25,920	29,480	22,600
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	75.6	80.6	69.4	75.6	80.6	69.4
Employment income (%)¹⁹	60.2	64.0	55.5	60.2	64.0	55.5
Government transfers (%)²⁰	24.5	19.4	30.6	24.5	19.4	30.6
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.9	1.8	2.1	1.9	1.8	2.1
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.5	4.8	6.3	5.5	4.8	6.3
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.5	4.1	5.1	4.5	4.1	5.1
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	42,100	20,535	21,570	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	555	275	280	1.3	1.3	1.3
With total income	41,545	20,255	21,285	98.7	98.6	98.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,210	960	1,250	5.3	4.7	5.9
$10,000 to $19,999	5,830	2,275	3,555	14.0	11.2	16.7
$20,000 to $29,999	7,820	3,475	4,345	18.8	17.2	20.4
$30,000 to $39,999	5,995	2,730	3,260	14.4	13.5	15.3
$40,000 to $49,999	5,880	2,815	3,065	14.2	13.9	14.4
$50,000 to $59,999	4,520	2,420	2,100	10.9	11.9	9.9
$60,000 to $69,999	2,945	1,715	1,235	7.1	8.5	5.8
$70,000 to $79,999	2,030	1,245	785	4.9	6.1	3.7
$80,000 to $89,999	1,440	810	635	3.5	4.0	3.0
$90,000 to $99,999	820	460	360	2.0	2.3	1.7
$100,000 and over	2,050	1,355	700	4.9	6.7	3.3
$100,000 to $149,999	1,520	975	550	3.7	4.8	2.6
$150,000 and over	530	380	150	1.3	1.9	0.7
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	42,100	20,535	21,570	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	550	270	280	1.3	1.3	1.3
With after-tax income	41,550	20,265	21,290	98.7	98.7	98.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,405	1,020	1,385	5.8	5.0	6.5
$10,000 to $19,999	6,120	2,425	3,700	14.7	12.0	17.4
$20,000 to $29,999	9,110	4,090	5,020	21.9	20.2	23.6
$30,000 to $39,999	7,680	3,715	3,965	18.5	18.3	18.6
$40,000 to $49,999	6,565	3,410	3,155	15.8	16.8	14.8
$50,000 to $59,999	4,095	2,360	1,740	9.9	11.6	8.2
$60,000 to $69,999	2,415	1,345	1,075	5.8	6.6	5.0
$70,000 to $79,999	1,270	705	565	3.1	3.5	2.7
$80,000 to $89,999	745	410	330	1.8	2.0	1.6
$90,000 to $99,999	405	270	135	1.0	1.3	0.6
$100,000 and over	730	510	225	1.8	2.5	1.1
$100,000 to $124,999	385	260	130	0.9	1.3	0.6
$125,000 and over	345	250	95	0.8	1.2	0.4
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	42,100	20,535	21,570	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	13,465	5,685	7,780	32.0	27.7	36.1
With employment income	28,635	14,845	13,790	68.0	72.3	63.9
Under $5,000 (including loss)	3,505	1,795	1,705	12.2	12.1	12.4
$5,000 to $9,999	2,475	1,085	1,385	8.6	7.3	10.0
$10,000 to $19,999	3,930	1,675	2,250	13.7	11.3	16.3
$20,000 to $29,999	3,275	1,470	1,800	11.4	9.9	13.1
$30,000 to $39,999	3,590	1,745	1,850	12.5	11.8	13.4
$40,000 to $49,999	3,325	1,730	1,595	11.6	11.7	11.6
$50,000 to $59,999	2,405	1,415	990	8.4	9.5	7.2
$60,000 to $69,999	1,740	1,160	580	6.1	7.8	4.2
$70,000 to $79,999	1,355	835	525	4.7	5.6	3.8
$80,000 to $89,999	1,090	610	480	3.8	4.1	3.5
$90,000 to $99,999	505	330	175	1.8	2.2	1.3
$100,000 and over	1,440	985	455	5.0	6.6	3.3
$100,000 to $124,999	795	515	275	2.8	3.5	2.0
$125,000 and over	645	470	175	2.3	3.2	1.3
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	42,100	20,530	21,565	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	41,075	20,000	21,075	97.6	97.4	97.7
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,600	40,800	31,200	35,600	40,800	31,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	41,085	20,000	21,085	97.6	97.4	97.8
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	32,000	35,600	28,600	32,000	35,600	28,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	36,630	18,270	18,360	87.0	89.0	85.1
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	31,400	37,600	26,400	31,400	37,600	26,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	29,010	14,925	14,080	68.9	72.7	65.3
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	33,200	39,200	28,800	33,200	39,200	28,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	32,680	14,970	17,700	77.6	72.9	82.1
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,600	8,100	10,800	9,600	8,100	10,800
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	5,330	2,880	2,445	12.7	14.0	11.3
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,360	4,440	4,320	4,360	4,440	4,320
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	42,110	20,570	21,545	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	41,110	20,055	21,060	97.6	97.5	97.7
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,720	48,000	37,720	42,720	48,000	37,720
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	41,120	20,055	21,060	97.6	97.5	97.7
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,160	39,720	32,760	36,160	39,720	32,760
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	36,715	18,430	18,290	87.2	89.6	84.9
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,680	44,680	32,640	38,680	44,680	32,640
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	29,090	15,040	14,055	69.1	73.1	65.2
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,240	43,880	34,240	39,240	43,880	34,240
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	32,435	14,780	17,655	77.0	71.9	81.9
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,390	9,440	11,190	10,390	9,440	11,190
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	5,350	2,890	2,455	12.7	14.0	11.4
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,255	5,450	7,200	6,255	5,450	7,200
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	42,115	20,570	21,540	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	13,210	7,225	5,985	31.4	35.1	27.8
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	48,400	54,400	42,800	48,400	54,400	42,800
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	55,000	59,750	49,280	55,000	59,750	49,280
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	11,905	5,750	6,160	28.3	28.0	28.6
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	23,600	27,000	21,000	23,600	27,000	21,000
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	29,520	33,520	25,840	29,520	33,520	25,840
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	80.8	85.6	75.2	80.8	85.6	75.2
Employment income (%)	65.0	68.6	60.6	65.0	68.6	60.6
Government transfers (%)	19.2	14.5	24.9	19.2	14.5	24.9
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.9	1.6	2.2	1.9	1.6	2.2
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	23,910	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	63,200	...	...	63,200	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	55,600	...	...	55,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	8,980	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	34,000	...	...	34,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	30,800	...	...	30,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	14,930	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	88,000	...	...	88,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	76,500	...	...	76,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	23,910	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	78,400	...	...	78,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	66,300	...	...	66,300	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	9,000	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	39,720	...	...	39,720	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	34,520	...	...	34,520	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	14,905	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	101,700	...	...	101,700	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	85,600	...	...	85,600	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	23,910	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	140	...	...	0.6	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	125	...	...	0.5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	405	...	...	1.7	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	660	...	...	2.8	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,850	...	...	7.7	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,020	...	...	4.3	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,070	...	...	4.5	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,500	...	...	6.3	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,380	...	...	5.8	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,195	...	...	5.0	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,055	...	...	8.6	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,800	...	...	7.5	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,675	...	...	7.0	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,460	...	...	6.1	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,300	...	...	5.4	...	...
$100,000 and over	6,290	...	...	26.3	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,490	...	...	10.4	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,495	...	...	6.3	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,475	...	...	6.2	...	...
$200,000 and over	825	...	...	3.5	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	23,910	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	160	...	...	0.7	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	125	...	...	0.5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	420	...	...	1.8	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	690	...	...	2.9	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,985	...	...	8.3	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,295	...	...	5.4	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,330	...	...	5.6	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,825	...	...	7.6	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,520	...	...	6.4	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,305	...	...	5.5	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,215	...	...	9.3	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,105	...	...	8.8	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,800	...	...	7.5	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,605	...	...	6.7	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,295	...	...	5.4	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,230	...	...	17.7	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,115	...	...	8.8	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,090	...	...	4.6	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,020	...	...	4.3	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	14,430	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	89,000	...	...	89,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	77,000	...	...	77,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	6,970	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	75,000	...	...	75,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	65,500	...	...	65,500	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	4,985	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	124,000	...	...	124,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	106,000	...	...	106,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	2,190	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	64,500	...	...	64,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	59,200	...	...	59,200	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	10,210	4,870	5,340	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	33,200	36,800	31,000	33,200	36,800	31,000
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	30,400	32,400	28,600	30,400	32,400	28,600
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	14,420	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	102,300	...	...	102,300	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	85,900	...	...	85,900	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	6,975	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	86,800	...	...	86,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	73,200	...	...	73,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	5,060	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	137,600	...	...	137,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	113,600	...	...	113,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,105	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	71,900	...	...	71,900	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	63,400	...	...	63,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	10,205	4,965	5,240	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	39,080	42,040	36,280	39,080	42,040	36,280
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	34,040	35,880	32,240	34,040	35,880	32,240
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	50,555	24,945	25,610	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	10,070	5,210	4,855	19.9	20.9	19.0
0 to 5 years	3,085	1,625	1,460	6.1	6.5	5.7
18 to 64 years	28,520	14,200	14,325	56.4	56.9	55.9
65 years and over	11,965	5,530	6,435	23.7	22.2	25.1
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	7,010	3,095	3,910	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	995	500	490	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	300	155	145	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	3,045	1,485	1,555	...	...	...
65 years and over	2,970	1,110	1,860	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	13.9	12.4	15.3	13.9	12.4	15.3
0 to 17 years (%)	9.9	9.6	10.2	9.9	9.6	10.2
0 to 5 years (%)	9.7	9.6	9.8	9.7	9.6	9.8
18 to 64 years (%)	10.7	10.5	10.9	10.7	10.5	10.9
65 years and over (%)	24.8	20.0	28.9	24.8	20.0	28.9
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	50,550	24,940	25,615	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	10,070	5,215	4,855	19.9	20.9	19.0
0 to 5 years	3,085	1,625	1,460	6.1	6.5	5.7
18 to 64 years	28,520	14,195	14,320	56.4	56.9	55.9
65 years and over	11,965	5,530	6,435	23.7	22.2	25.1
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	1,895	1,000	895	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	205	105	100	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	50	30	25	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	1,495	815	675	...	...	...
65 years and over	190	70	120	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.7	4.0	3.5	3.7	4.0	3.5
0 to 17 years (%)	2.1	2.1	2.0	2.1	2.1	2.0
0 to 5 years (%)	1.6	1.7	1.5	1.6	1.7	1.5
18 to 64 years (%)	5.2	5.8	4.7	5.2	5.8	4.7
65 years and over (%)	1.6	1.3	1.9	1.6	1.3	1.9
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	50,555	24,945	25,615	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	31,945	15,400	16,550	63.2	61.7	64.6
In bottom decile	5,450	2,450	3,000	10.8	9.8	11.7
In second decile	6,960	3,250	3,710	13.8	13.0	14.5
In third decile	6,560	3,215	3,345	13.0	12.9	13.1
In fourth decile	6,710	3,330	3,380	13.3	13.3	13.2
In fifth decile	6,265	3,165	3,110	12.4	12.7	12.1
In top half of the distribution	18,605	9,540	9,065	36.8	38.2	35.4
In sixth decile	5,515	2,815	2,700	10.9	11.3	10.5
In seventh decile	4,830	2,505	2,325	9.6	10.0	9.1
In eighth decile	3,785	1,930	1,855	7.5	7.7	7.2
In ninth decile	2,730	1,410	1,320	5.4	5.7	5.2
In top decile	1,745	885	860	3.5	3.5	3.4
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	50,550	...	...	50,550	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.296	...	...	0.296	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.444	...	...	0.444	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.255	...	...	0.255	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.1	...	...	3.1	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	52,130	25,510	26,620	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	90	50	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
French only	37,580	17,465	20,110	72.1	68.5	75.5
English and French	14,245	7,865	6,375	27.3	30.8	23.9
Neither English nor French	220	130	95	0.4	0.5	0.4
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	52,130	25,510	26,620	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	440	220	225	0.8	0.9	0.8
French	51,245	25,035	26,215	98.3	98.1	98.5
English and French	225	130	95	0.4	0.5	0.4
Neither English nor French	215	130	90	0.4	0.5	0.3
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	52,130	25,510	26,620	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	51,680	25,260	26,415	99.1	99.0	99.2
Official languages	50,295	24,530	25,760	96.5	96.2	96.8
English	375	185	190	0.7	0.7	0.7
French	49,915	24,350	25,565	95.8	95.5	96.0
Non-official languages	1,390	725	660	2.7	2.8	2.5
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,385	725	660	2.7	2.8	2.5
Afro-Asiatic languages	285	160	130	0.5	0.6	0.5
Berber languages	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	270	150	120	0.5	0.6	0.5
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	270	150	120	0.5	0.6	0.5
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	40	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	55	20	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Haitian Creole	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	35	10	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	815	430	385	1.6	1.7	1.4
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	60	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	60	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	50	20	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bosnian	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Serbian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	55	30	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	45	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
German	30	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	675	355	320	1.3	1.4	1.2
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	25	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Romanian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	615	330	290	1.2	1.3	1.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	105	50	55	0.2	0.2	0.2
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	35	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Wojenaka	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	25	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Chinese languages	25	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	450	245	200	0.9	1.0	0.8
English and French	270	150	115	0.5	0.6	0.4
English and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	135	70	65	0.3	0.3	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	52,130	25,510	26,620	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	140	75	65	0.3	0.3	0.2
French	49,280	23,985	25,295	94.5	94.0	95.0
Non-official language	525	305	225	1.0	1.2	0.8
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	525	305	225	1.0	1.2	0.8
English and French	1,135	635	505	2.2	2.5	1.9
English and non-official language(s)	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	795	380	420	1.5	1.5	1.6
English, French and non-official language(s)	220	115	105	0.4	0.5	0.4
Multiple non-official languages	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	52,130	25,510	26,620	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	51,670	25,280	26,385	99.1	99.1	99.1
Official languages	50,805	24,810	26,000	97.5	97.3	97.7
English	265	145	115	0.5	0.6	0.4
French	50,545	24,665	25,880	97.0	96.7	97.2
Non-official languages	860	470	390	1.6	1.8	1.5
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	860	470	390	1.6	1.8	1.5
Afro-Asiatic languages	185	100	85	0.4	0.4	0.3
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	180	95	85	0.3	0.4	0.3
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	180	95	85	0.3	0.4	0.3
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	25	5	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	25	5	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	540	305	230	1.0	1.2	0.9
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	30	10	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	30	10	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	10	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	480	270	205	0.9	1.1	0.8
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	450	260	195	0.9	1.0	0.7
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	40	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	25	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Chinese languages	25	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	460	230	235	0.9	0.9	0.9
English and French	230	120	110	0.4	0.5	0.4
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	205	100	110	0.4	0.4	0.4
English, French and non-official language(s)	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	52,130	25,510	26,620	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	50,330	24,555	25,770	96.5	96.3	96.8
English	885	500	385	1.7	2.0	1.4
French	380	195	185	0.7	0.8	0.7
Non-official language	375	175	195	0.7	0.7	0.7
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	375	175	195	0.7	0.7	0.7
English and French	30	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	80	45	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	50,555	24,940	25,615	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	50,310	24,835	25,480	99.5	99.6	99.5
English	14,170	7,895	6,275	28.0	31.7	24.5
French	50,260	24,785	25,475	99.4	99.4	99.5
Non-official languages	2,980	1,445	1,535	5.9	5.8	6.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	2,975	1,440	1,535	5.9	5.8	6.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	365	210	155	0.7	0.8	0.6
Berber languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	365	210	155	0.7	0.8	0.6
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	365	210	155	0.7	0.8	0.6
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	60	30	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	45	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	125	55	70	0.2	0.2	0.3
Haitian Creole	70	35	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	30	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	2,145	1,005	1,140	4.2	4.0	4.5
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	85	35	50	0.2	0.1	0.2
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	85	35	50	0.2	0.1	0.2
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	20	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	55	10	40	0.1	0.0	0.2
Bosnian	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Croatian	30	10	30	0.1	0.0	0.1
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	195	110	75	0.4	0.4	0.3
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	180	105	70	0.4	0.4	0.3
German	135	75	60	0.3	0.3	0.2
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	85	55	30	0.2	0.2	0.1
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,890	865	1,030	3.7	3.5	4.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	45	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Portuguese	60	30	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	25	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Spanish	1,805	815	990	3.6	3.3	3.9
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	35	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	155	70	80	0.3	0.3	0.3
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	50	15	40	0.1	0.1	0.2
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	45	15	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	70	25	45	0.1	0.1	0.2
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	65	25	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	40	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages	40	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Lao	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	25	25	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	25	25	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	50,555	24,940	25,615	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	575	260	320	1.1	1.0	1.2
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	545	240	305	1.1	1.0	1.2
First Nations (North American Indian)	345	140	205	0.7	0.6	0.8
Métis	195	95	100	0.4	0.4	0.4
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	30	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-Indigenous identity	49,975	24,685	25,295	98.9	99.0	98.8
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	50,555	24,940	25,615	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	85	40	45	0.2	0.2	0.2
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	50,470	24,900	25,570	99.8	99.8	99.8
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	23,910	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	14,790	...	...	61.9	...	...
Renter	9,120	...	...	38.1	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	23,910	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	1,820	...	...	7.6	...	...
Not condominium	22,085	...	...	92.4	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	23,910	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	125	...	...	0.5	...	...
1 bedroom	2,745	...	...	11.5	...	...
2 bedrooms	7,060	...	...	29.5	...	...
3 bedrooms	8,815	...	...	36.9	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	5,170	...	...	21.6	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	23,910	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	7,235	...	...	30.3	...	...
5 rooms	4,400	...	...	18.4	...	...
6 rooms	2,850	...	...	11.9	...	...
7 rooms	3,095	...	...	12.9	...	...
8 or more rooms	6,335	...	...	26.5	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.1	...	...	6.1	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	23,910	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	23,835	...	...	99.7	...	...
More than one person per room	75	...	...	0.3	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	23,910	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	23,600	...	...	98.7	...	...
Not suitable	310	...	...	1.3	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	23,910	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	4,215	...	...	17.6	...	...
1961 to 1980	7,305	...	...	30.6	...	...
1981 to 1990	3,165	...	...	13.2	...	...
1991 to 2000	2,675	...	...	11.2	...	...
2001 to 2005	1,460	...	...	6.1	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,810	...	...	7.6	...	...
2011 to 2015	1,785	...	...	7.5	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	1,500	...	...	6.3	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	23,910	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	23,120	...	...	96.7	...	...
Major repairs needed	790	...	...	3.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	23,910	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	13,760	...	...	57.5	...	...
Two-maintainer household	9,830	...	...	41.1	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	320	...	...	1.3	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	23,910	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	795	...	...	3.3	...	...
25 to 34 years	2,950	...	...	12.3	...	...
35 to 44 years	3,800	...	...	15.9	...	...
45 to 54 years	3,655	...	...	15.3	...	...
55 to 64 years	4,590	...	...	19.2	...	...
65 to 74 years	4,840	...	...	20.2	...	...
75 to 84 years	2,670	...	...	11.2	...	...
85 years and over	610	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	23,785	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	20,655	...	...	86.8	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	3,125	...	...	13.1	...	...
30% to less than 100%	2,925	...	...	12.3	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	23,910	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	4,055	...	...	17.0	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	2,970	...	...	12.4	...	...
Not suitable only	275	...	...	1.2	...	...
Major repairs needed only	640	...	...	2.7	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	15	...	...	0.1	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	130	...	...	0.5	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	15	...	...	0.1	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	19,850	...	...	83.0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	23,585	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	525	...	...	2.2	...	...
Not in core need	23,060	...	...	97.8	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	14,715	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	58.0	...	...	58.0	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	7.1	...	...	7.1	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.4	...	...	0.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	840	...	...	840	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	929	...	...	929	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	200,000	...	...	200,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	233,600	...	...	233,600	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	9,100	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	6.4	...	...	6.4	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	22.9	...	...	22.9	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	5.2	...	...	5.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	628	...	...	628	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	678	...	...	678	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	50,555	24,940	25,610	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	780	340	445	1.5	1.4	1.7
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	775	335	435	1.5	1.3	1.7
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	720	315	405	1.4	1.3	1.6
Métis single ancestry	55	15	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	805	300	505	1.6	1.2	2.0
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	790	295	495	1.6	1.2	1.9
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	750	285	460	1.5	1.1	1.8
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	40	10	35	0.1	0.0	0.1
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	48,970	24,300	24,665	96.9	97.4	96.3
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	50,550	24,945	25,610	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	49,570	24,380	25,195	98.1	97.7	98.4
Canadian citizens aged under 18	9,860	5,065	4,790	19.5	20.3	18.7
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	39,715	19,315	20,400	78.6	77.4	79.7
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	985	560	425	1.9	2.2	1.7
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	50,550	24,945	25,610	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	48,565	23,915	24,645	96.1	95.9	96.2
Immigrants⁸¹	1,580	760	820	3.1	3.0	3.2
Before 1980	160	85	75	0.3	0.3	0.3
1980 to 1990	120	65	55	0.2	0.3	0.2
1991 to 2000	185	80	110	0.4	0.3	0.4
2001 to 2010	480	215	260	0.9	0.9	1.0
2011 to 2021⁸²	640	320	320	1.3	1.3	1.2
2011 to 2015	305	125	170	0.6	0.5	0.7
2016 to 2021	340	190	145	0.7	0.8	0.6
Non-permanent residents⁸³	415	260	150	0.8	1.0	0.6
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	1,580	765	820	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	220	105	110	13.9	13.7	13.4
5 to 14 years	300	145	155	19.0	19.0	18.9
15 to 24 years	190	105	85	12.0	13.7	10.4
25 to 44 years	750	355	395	47.5	46.4	48.2
45 years and over	120	55	70	7.6	7.2	8.5
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	1,580	765	820	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	575	260	310	36.4	34.0	37.8
Brazil	15	10	0	0.9	1.3	0.0
Colombia	280	125	155	17.7	16.3	18.9
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	70	35	30	4.4	4.6	3.7
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	50	25	30	3.2	3.3	3.7
Peru	25	0	20	1.6	0.0	2.4
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	70	25	45	4.4	3.3	5.5
Other places of birth in Americas	65	35	35	4.1	4.6	4.3
Europe	395	205	190	25.0	26.8	23.2
Bosnia and Herzegovina	20	0	20	1.3	0.0	2.4
Croatia	15	0	15	0.9	0.0	1.8
France	175	100	75	11.1	13.1	9.1
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greece	15	10	0	0.9	1.3	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	10	10	0	0.6	1.3	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portugal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	10	0	0	0.6	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	120	70	55	7.6	9.2	6.7
Africa	370	160	210	23.4	20.9	25.6
Algeria	20	10	10	1.3	1.3	1.2
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	60	10	50	3.8	1.3	6.1
Egypt	10	0	0	0.6	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	45	25	25	2.8	3.3	3.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	220	105	115	13.9	13.7	14.0
Asia	235	130	100	14.9	17.0	12.2
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	75	50	30	4.7	6.5	3.7
Turkey	35	20	10	2.2	2.6	1.2
China⁹⁰	35	15	20	2.2	2.0	2.4
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	20	0	10	1.3	0.0	1.2
Viet Nam	40	15	25	2.5	2.0	3.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	25	15	10	1.6	2.0	1.2
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	335	190	150	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	40	25	15	11.9	13.2	10.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	20	0	10	6.0	0.0	6.7
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	15	0	0	4.5	0.0	0.0
Europe	50	35	15	14.9	18.4	10.0
France	45	30	15	13.4	15.8	10.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	145	65	85	43.3	34.2	56.7
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	25	0	20	7.5	0.0	13.3
Côte d'Ivoire	30	20	10	9.0	10.5	6.7
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	20	10	10	6.0	5.3	6.7
Other places of birth in Africa	45	10	35	13.4	5.3	23.3
Asia	95	65	35	28.4	34.2	23.3
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	10	0	0	3.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	75	50	30	22.4	26.3	20.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	50,555	24,940	25,615	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	2,155	1,070	1,090	4.3	4.3	4.3
Second generation¹⁰¹	1,370	745	625	2.7	3.0	2.4
Third generation or more¹⁰²	47,020	23,125	23,900	93.0	92.7	93.3
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	1,420	675	745	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	470	265	205	33.1	39.3	27.5
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	210	165	45	14.8	24.4	6.0
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	265	110	160	18.7	16.3	21.5
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	330	135	195	23.2	20.0	26.2
Refugees¹⁰⁸	595	255	345	41.9	37.8	46.3
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	25	20	0	1.8	3.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	1,420	675	745	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	75	45	25	5.3	6.7	3.4
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	45	35	20	3.2	5.2	2.7
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	20	15	10	1.4	2.2	1.3
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	50	40	10	3.5	5.9	1.3
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	10	0	10	0.7	0.0	1.3
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	1,220	545	680	85.9	80.7	91.3
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	50,555	24,940	25,615	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	1,790	925	865	3.5	3.7	3.4
South Asian	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese	115	25	95	0.2	0.1	0.4
Black	500	250	250	1.0	1.0	1.0
Filipino	25	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Arab	355	200	155	0.7	0.8	0.6
Latin American	610	320	285	1.2	1.3	1.1
Southeast Asian	90	50	45	0.2	0.2	0.2
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple visible minorities	60	45	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	48,765	24,015	24,745	96.5	96.3	96.6
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	50,550	24,940	25,610	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	21,310	10,495	10,820	42.2	42.1	42.2
English	280	135	145	0.6	0.5	0.6
Irish	1,445	655	785	2.9	2.6	3.1
Scottish	380	180	205	0.8	0.7	0.8
French, n.o.s.¹²²	10,775	5,280	5,495	21.3	21.2	21.5
German	380	190	185	0.8	0.8	0.7
Chinese	110	30	80	0.2	0.1	0.3
Italian	270	135	140	0.5	0.5	0.5
Indian (India)	50	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ukrainian	35	0	30	0.1	0.0	0.1
Dutch	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Polish	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Québécois	8,625	4,350	4,275	17.1	17.4	16.7
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	55	40	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
Filipino	45	30	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
French Canadian	5,165	2,475	2,690	10.2	9.9	10.5
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	930	470	460	1.8	1.9	1.8
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	840	300	540	1.7	1.2	2.1
Métis	115	30	85	0.2	0.1	0.3
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	335	175	160	0.7	0.7	0.6
Russian	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Norwegian	50	20	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
American	255	115	140	0.5	0.5	0.5
Spanish	80	30	50	0.2	0.1	0.2
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	20	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Acadian	370	140	235	0.7	0.6	0.9
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	145	55	90	0.3	0.2	0.4
Jewish	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	65	30	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	130	75	55	0.3	0.3	0.2
Greek	45	30	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Jamaican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	20	20	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	55	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Lebanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	680	345	335	1.3	1.4	1.3
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	160	90	65	0.3	0.4	0.3
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	50	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Belgian	150	90	55	0.3	0.4	0.2
Haitian	140	70	70	0.3	0.3	0.3
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	130	70	55	0.3	0.3	0.2
Mennonite	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	265	145	125	0.5	0.6	0.5
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Japanese	30	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	55	30	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	45	15	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Egyptian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	20	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombian	415	205	210	0.8	0.8	0.8
Moroccan	75	40	35	0.1	0.2	0.1
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syrian	110	60	50	0.2	0.2	0.2
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	25	0	25	0.0	0.0	0.1
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	50	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Brazilian	50	40	10	0.1	0.2	0.0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	75	35	40	0.1	0.1	0.2
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	40	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	20	20	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	45	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	45	10	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
Bosnian	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	50	20	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Guatemalan	40	40	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	15	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	25	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	175	60	115	0.3	0.2	0.4
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	80	50	35	0.2	0.2	0.1
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	40	0	35	0.1	0.0	0.1
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	65	35	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Norman	55	35	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	20	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	40	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	50,555	24,940	25,615	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	40	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Christian	38,930	18,780	20,155	77.0	75.3	78.7
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	2,950	1,450	1,495	5.8	5.8	5.8
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baptist	85	35	50	0.2	0.1	0.2
Catholic	35,360	17,030	18,330	69.9	68.3	71.6
Christian Orthodox	60	20	40	0.1	0.1	0.2
Jehovah's Witness	155	75	85	0.3	0.3	0.3
Latter Day Saints	50	30	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Lutheran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	105	60	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	155	75	80	0.3	0.3	0.3
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	505	280	225	1.0	1.1	0.9
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	75	45	35	0.1	0.2	0.1
No religion and secular perspectives	10,995	5,810	5,180	21.7	23.3	20.2
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	50,060	24,675	25,390	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	44,220	21,790	22,430	88.3	88.3	88.3
Movers	5,840	2,880	2,960	11.7	11.7	11.7
Non-migrants	3,770	1,820	1,945	7.5	7.4	7.7
Migrants	2,075	1,060	1,015	4.1	4.3	4.0
Internal migrants	1,960	1,010	950	3.9	4.1	3.7
Intraprovincial migrants	1,910	975	935	3.8	4.0	3.7
Interprovincial migrants	55	40	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
External migrants	115	55	65	0.2	0.2	0.3
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	48,055	23,650	24,400	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	30,845	15,195	15,655	64.2	64.2	64.2
Movers	17,205	8,455	8,750	35.8	35.8	35.9
Non-migrants	8,320	4,050	4,265	17.3	17.1	17.5
Migrants	8,895	4,410	4,485	18.5	18.6	18.4
Internal migrants	8,335	4,060	4,270	17.3	17.2	17.5
Intraprovincial migrants	8,175	3,975	4,200	17.0	16.8	17.2
Interprovincial migrants	155	85	70	0.3	0.4	0.3
External migrants	560	345	210	1.2	1.5	0.9
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	42,115	20,570	21,540	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	10,665	5,820	4,845	25.3	28.3	22.5
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	31,445	14,750	16,700	74.7	71.7	77.5
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	24,965	12,350	12,615	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	4,595	2,815	1,780	18.4	22.8	14.1
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	20,370	9,540	10,830	81.6	77.2	85.9
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	42,110	20,570	21,545	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	9,455	4,945	4,510	22.5	24.0	20.9
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	9,355	4,480	4,870	22.2	21.8	22.6
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	23,300	11,140	12,160	55.3	54.2	56.4
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	17,325	8,725	8,600	41.1	42.4	39.9
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	8,470	5,170	3,305	20.1	25.1	15.3
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	6,340	3,465	2,875	15.1	16.8	13.3
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	2,130	1,705	425	5.1	8.3	2.0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	7,530	3,040	4,490	17.9	14.8	20.8
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,325	515	805	3.1	2.5	3.7
Bachelor's degree or higher	5,975	2,420	3,560	14.2	11.8	16.5
Bachelor's degree	4,055	1,495	2,560	9.6	7.3	11.9
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	630	310	320	1.5	1.5	1.5
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	255	125	125	0.6	0.6	0.6
Master's degree	940	425	510	2.2	2.1	2.4
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	105	55	50	0.2	0.3	0.2
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	24,970	12,350	12,615	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	3,765	2,245	1,525	15.1	18.2	12.1
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	4,575	2,330	2,245	18.3	18.9	17.8
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	16,625	7,780	8,845	66.6	63.0	70.1
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	12,030	6,030	6,000	48.2	48.8	47.6
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	6,205	3,725	2,480	24.8	30.2	19.7
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	4,675	2,490	2,190	18.7	20.2	17.4
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	1,530	1,235	290	6.1	10.0	2.3
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	5,050	2,020	3,030	20.2	16.4	24.0
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	770	285	490	3.1	2.3	3.9
Bachelor's degree or higher	4,595	1,750	2,845	18.4	14.2	22.6
Bachelor's degree	3,105	1,105	2,005	12.4	8.9	15.9
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	490	220	265	2.0	1.8	2.1
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	200	80	115	0.8	0.6	0.9
Master's degree	720	300	420	2.9	2.4	3.3
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	80	40	35	0.3	0.3	0.3
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	42,110	20,570	21,545	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	18,810	9,430	9,385	44.7	45.8	43.6
Education	2,370	500	1,875	5.6	2.4	8.7
13. Education	2,370	500	1,875	5.6	2.4	8.7
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	610	215	395	1.4	1.0	1.8
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	70	35	30	0.2	0.2	0.1
50. Visual and performing arts	540	180	360	1.3	0.9	1.7
Humanities	1,040	460	575	2.5	2.2	2.7
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	85	20	60	0.2	0.1	0.3
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	545	240	305	1.3	1.2	1.4
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
39. Theology and religious vocations	90	50	45	0.2	0.2	0.2
54. History	75	65	15	0.2	0.3	0.1
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	180	60	120	0.4	0.3	0.6
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,525	405	1,120	3.6	2.0	5.2
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	170	55	115	0.4	0.3	0.5
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	485	45	450	1.2	0.2	2.1
22. Legal professions and studies	235	90	150	0.6	0.4	0.7
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	30	0	30	0.1	0.0	0.1
42. Psychology	285	60	230	0.7	0.3	1.1
45. Social sciences	305	160	145	0.7	0.8	0.7
Business, management and public administration	5,295	1,790	3,505	12.6	8.7	16.3
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	320	55	265	0.8	0.3	1.2
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	4,975	1,735	3,235	11.8	8.4	15.0
Physical and life sciences and technologies	465	240	220	1.1	1.2	1.0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	140	65	80	0.3	0.3	0.4
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	65	25	35	0.2	0.1	0.2
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	110	65	50	0.3	0.3	0.2
40. Physical sciences	105	75	35	0.2	0.4	0.2
41. Science technologies/technicians	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	475	330	150	1.1	1.6	0.7
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	395	300	90	0.9	1.5	0.4
25. Library science	45	0	40	0.1	0.0	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	35	25	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	5,575	5,260	310	13.2	25.6	1.4
04. Architecture and related services	125	80	45	0.3	0.4	0.2
14. Engineering	440	385	55	1.0	1.9	0.3
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	995	930	65	2.4	4.5	0.3
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	1,520	1,505	20	3.6	7.3	0.1
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,310	1,260	50	3.1	6.1	0.2
48. Precision production	1,180	1,100	80	2.8	5.3	0.4
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	845	575	275	2.0	2.8	1.3
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	660	420	235	1.6	2.0	1.1
03. Natural resources and conservation	190	150	35	0.5	0.7	0.2
Health and related fields	3,325	520	2,800	7.9	2.5	13.0
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	150	55	100	0.4	0.3	0.5
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	3,060	410	2,650	7.3	2.0	12.3
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	100	50	50	0.2	0.2	0.2
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,780	850	935	4.2	4.1	4.3
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	1,045	230	815	2.5	1.1	3.8
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	360	270	90	0.9	1.3	0.4
49. Transportation and materials moving	365	335	30	0.9	1.6	0.1
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	24,965	12,355	12,615	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	8,340	4,570	3,770	33.4	37.0	29.9
Education	1,545	255	1,290	6.2	2.1	10.2
13. Education	1,545	255	1,290	6.2	2.1	10.2
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	440	165	280	1.8	1.3	2.2
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	50	25	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
50. Visual and performing arts	390	140	255	1.6	1.1	2.0
Humanities	585	275	315	2.3	2.2	2.5
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	55	15	45	0.2	0.1	0.4
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	305	145	155	1.2	1.2	1.2
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	50	30	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
54. History	40	35	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	100	35	65	0.4	0.3	0.5
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,140	240	900	4.6	1.9	7.1
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	140	40	100	0.6	0.3	0.8
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	400	25	375	1.6	0.2	3.0
22. Legal professions and studies	145	40	105	0.6	0.3	0.8
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
42. Psychology	225	25	195	0.9	0.2	1.5
45. Social sciences	195	105	95	0.8	0.8	0.8
Business, management and public administration	4,010	1,285	2,725	16.1	10.4	21.6
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	250	30	220	1.0	0.2	1.7
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,760	1,255	2,505	15.1	10.2	19.9
Physical and life sciences and technologies	235	120	110	0.9	1.0	0.9
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	105	60	45	0.4	0.5	0.4
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
40. Physical sciences	70	40	30	0.3	0.3	0.2
41. Science technologies/technicians	35	20	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	380	275	105	1.5	2.2	0.8
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	330	270	65	1.3	2.2	0.5
25. Library science	40	0	35	0.2	0.0	0.3
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	3,955	3,695	260	15.8	29.9	2.1
04. Architecture and related services	90	55	35	0.4	0.4	0.3
14. Engineering	345	305	45	1.4	2.5	0.4
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	705	655	50	2.8	5.3	0.4
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	1,070	1,055	10	4.3	8.5	0.1
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	925	880	45	3.7	7.1	0.4
48. Precision production	830	755	75	3.3	6.1	0.6
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	675	450	220	2.7	3.6	1.7
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	495	305	190	2.0	2.5	1.5
03. Natural resources and conservation	175	140	35	0.7	1.1	0.3
Health and related fields	2,260	355	1,905	9.1	2.9	15.1
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	120	50	75	0.5	0.4	0.6
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	2,055	265	1,785	8.2	2.1	14.1
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	85	40	45	0.3	0.3	0.4
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,405	660	735	5.6	5.3	5.8
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	815	170	650	3.3	1.4	5.2
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	275	205	70	1.1	1.7	0.6
49. Transportation and materials moving	300	285	15	1.2	2.3	0.1
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	24,965	12,355	12,615	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	8,340	4,570	3,770	33.4	37.0	29.9
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	16,625	7,775	8,845	66.6	62.9	70.1
Location of study inside Canada	16,120	7,490	8,630	64.6	60.6	68.4
Same as province or territory of residence	15,960	7,395	8,560	63.9	59.9	67.9
Different than province or territory of residence	160	90	70	0.6	0.7	0.6
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	500	290	215	2.0	2.3	1.7
Americas	170	95	75	0.7	0.8	0.6
United States of America	30	25	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Mexico	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	60	40	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
Peru	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Europe	170	90	80	0.7	0.7	0.6
Belgium	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
France	115	65	50	0.5	0.5	0.4
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	15	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	125	80	50	0.5	0.6	0.4
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	40	25	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Tunisia	45	35	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	30	25	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Asia	30	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	42,110	20,570	21,545	...	...	...
In the labour force	26,115	13,400	12,715	...	...	...
Employed	24,975	12,875	12,100	...	...	...
Unemployed	1,140	525	615	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	16,000	7,170	8,830	...	...	...
Participation rate	62.0	65.1	59.0	62.0	65.1	59.0
Employment rate	59.3	62.6	56.2	59.3	62.6	56.2
Unemployment rate	4.4	3.9	4.8	4.4	3.9	4.8
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	42,110	20,570	21,545	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	15,660	6,885	8,775	37.2	33.5	40.7
Worked	26,450	13,685	12,765	62.8	66.5	59.2
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	13,520	7,400	6,120	32.1	36.0	28.4
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	12,925	6,285	6,645	30.7	30.6	30.8
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.1	42.4	41.8	42.1	42.4	41.8
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	26,115	13,395	12,715	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	395	140	250	1.5	1.0	2.0
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	25,720	13,255	12,465	98.5	99.0	98.0
Employee	22,575	11,465	11,105	86.4	85.6	87.3
Permanent position	19,345	9,930	9,410	74.1	74.1	74.0
Temporary position	3,230	1,530	1,700	12.4	11.4	13.4
Fixed term (1 year or more)	940	365	580	3.6	2.7	4.6
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	2,290	1,170	1,115	8.8	8.7	8.8
Self-employed¹⁹²	3,150	1,790	1,355	12.1	13.4	10.7
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	26,115	13,395	12,715	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	395	140	250	1.5	1.0	2.0
All occupations¹⁹¹	25,720	13,255	12,465	98.5	99.0	98.0
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	430	310	120	1.6	2.3	0.9
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	3,885	1,100	2,785	14.9	8.2	21.9
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,480	1,170	310	5.7	8.7	2.4
3 Health occupations	2,130	370	1,755	8.2	2.8	13.8
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	3,120	720	2,405	11.9	5.4	18.9
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	505	245	260	1.9	1.8	2.0
6 Sales and service occupations	6,575	2,825	3,755	25.2	21.1	29.5
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	4,610	4,325	285	17.7	32.3	2.2
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	720	490	235	2.8	3.7	1.8
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	2,260	1,715	550	8.7	12.8	4.3
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	26,115	13,395	12,715	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	395	140	250	1.5	1.0	2.0
All industries¹⁹¹	25,720	13,255	12,465	98.5	99.0	98.0
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	685	455	230	2.6	3.4	1.8
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	65	50	15	0.2	0.4	0.1
22 Utilities	160	145	15	0.6	1.1	0.1
23 Construction	1,755	1,540	215	6.7	11.5	1.7
31-33 Manufacturing	4,605	3,470	1,135	17.6	25.9	8.9
41 Wholesale trade	1,085	720	360	4.2	5.4	2.8
44-45 Retail trade	3,555	1,615	1,940	13.6	12.1	15.3
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	755	615	145	2.9	4.6	1.1
51 Information and cultural industries	210	140	65	0.8	1.0	0.5
52 Finance and insurance	565	190	375	2.2	1.4	2.9
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	210	95	120	0.8	0.7	0.9
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,415	700	715	5.4	5.2	5.6
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	805	505	300	3.1	3.8	2.4
61 Educational services	1,990	470	1,520	7.6	3.5	12.0
62 Health care and social assistance	3,930	640	3,285	15.0	4.8	25.8
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	255	130	125	1.0	1.0	1.0
72 Accommodation and food services	1,590	630	960	6.1	4.7	7.6
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,245	655	590	4.8	4.9	4.6
91 Public administration	830	470	360	3.2	3.5	2.8
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	27,775	14,365	13,410	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	160	90	70	0.6	0.6	0.5
French	25,305	12,825	12,485	91.1	89.3	93.1
Non-official language	60	55	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	60	55	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
English and French	2,090	1,330	760	7.5	9.3	5.7
English and non-official language(s)	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	90	40	55	0.3	0.3	0.4
English, French and non-official language(s)	60	20	35	0.2	0.1	0.3
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	27,775	14,365	13,410	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	27,530	14,210	13,320	99.1	98.9	99.3
Official languages	27,465	14,150	13,315	98.9	98.5	99.3
English	410	215	195	1.5	1.5	1.5
French	27,050	13,930	13,115	97.4	97.0	97.8
Non-official languages	70	60	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	70	60	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	65	60	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	55	55	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	55	55	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	245	155	90	0.9	1.1	0.7
English and French	210	135	75	0.8	0.9	0.6
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	27,775	14,365	13,410	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	25,755	13,115	12,645	92.7	91.3	94.3
English	1,665	1,085	575	6.0	7.6	4.3
French	240	130	110	0.9	0.9	0.8
Non-official language	85	35	50	0.3	0.2	0.4
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	85	35	50	0.3	0.2	0.4
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	24,975	12,875	12,105	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	2,900	1,390	1,510	11.6	10.8	12.5
Worked outside Canada	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
No fixed workplace address	2,345	1,785	555	9.4	13.9	4.6
Usual place of work	19,720	9,685	10,035	79.0	75.2	82.9
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	19,715	9,690	10,030	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	13,230	5,930	7,300	67.1	61.2	72.8
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	3,285	1,855	1,425	16.7	19.1	14.2
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	3,185	1,880	1,305	16.2	19.4	13.0
Commute to a different province or territory	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	22,065	11,475	10,590	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	20,065	10,480	9,585	90.9	91.3	90.5
Car, truck or van - as a driver	18,995	10,035	8,960	86.1	87.5	84.6
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	1,065	445	630	4.8	3.9	5.9
Public transit	120	75	45	0.5	0.7	0.4
Walked	1,170	500	665	5.3	4.4	6.3
Bicycle	250	200	50	1.1	1.7	0.5
Other method	465	225	245	2.1	2.0	2.3
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	22,065	11,475	10,590	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	13,285	6,285	7,000	60.2	54.8	66.1
15 to 29 minutes	6,060	3,340	2,710	27.5	29.1	25.6
30 to 44 minutes	1,440	935	500	6.5	8.1	4.7
45 to 59 minutes	590	380	215	2.7	3.3	2.0
60 minutes and over	685	530	155	3.1	4.6	1.5
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	22,065	11,475	10,590	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,180	930	250	5.3	8.1	2.4
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	3,920	2,790	1,125	17.8	24.3	10.6
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	7,915	3,805	4,115	35.9	33.2	38.9
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	4,445	1,765	2,675	20.1	15.4	25.3
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,665	585	1,085	7.5	5.1	10.2
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	2,940	1,605	1,335	13.3	14.0	12.6
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	10,285	5,320	4,965	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,400	710	685	13.6	13.3	13.8
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	8,885	4,610	4,280	86.4	86.7	86.2
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	7,540	3,865	3,680	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,160	590	575	15.4	15.3	15.6
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	910	455	455	12.1	11.8	12.4
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	255	135	120	3.4	3.5	3.3
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	6,380	3,270	3,100	84.6	84.6	84.2

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
^r
revised

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 18, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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