Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	VarennesMore information: Quebec [Population centre]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	20,591	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	20,585^r	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total private dwellings²	8,275	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	8,163	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,987.5	...	...	1,987.5	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	10.36	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	20,590	10,100	10,490	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	3,825	1,955	1,870	18.6	19.4	17.8
0 to 4 years	1,120	540	580	5.4	5.3	5.5
5 to 9 years	1,300	670	625	6.3	6.6	6.0
10 to 14 years	1,405	745	660	6.8	7.4	6.3
15 to 64 years	13,430	6,605	6,820	65.2	65.4	65.0
15 to 19 years	1,200	630	570	5.8	6.2	5.4
20 to 24 years	1,060	540	515	5.1	5.3	4.9
25 to 29 years	1,035	525	515	5.0	5.2	4.9
30 to 34 years	1,215	595	615	5.9	5.9	5.9
35 to 39 years	1,345	650	700	6.5	6.4	6.7
40 to 44 years	1,425	675	750	6.9	6.7	7.1
45 to 49 years	1,330	630	700	6.5	6.2	6.7
50 to 54 years	1,535	760	770	7.5	7.5	7.3
55 to 59 years	1,715	815	895	8.3	8.1	8.5
60 to 64 years	1,575	780	795	7.6	7.7	7.6
65 years and over	3,335	1,535	1,800	16.2	15.2	17.2
65 to 69 years	1,175	570	610	5.7	5.6	5.8
70 to 74 years	870	420	450	4.2	4.2	4.3
75 to 79 years	570	295	275	2.8	2.9	2.6
80 to 84 years	360	145	215	1.7	1.4	2.0
85 years and over	355	100	250	1.7	1.0	2.4
85 to 89 years	220	80	145	1.1	0.8	1.4
90 to 94 years	120	20	95	0.6	0.2	0.9
95 to 99 years	15	5	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
100 years and over	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	18.6	19.4	17.8	18.6	19.4	17.8
15 to 64 years	65.2	65.4	65.0	65.2	65.4	65.0
65 years and over	16.2	15.2	17.2	16.2	15.2	17.2
85 years and over	1.7	1.0	2.4	1.7	1.0	2.4
Average age of the population	40.9	40.0	41.8	40.9	40.0	41.8
Median age of the population	42.0	40.8	43.2	42.0	40.8	43.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	8,165	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	5,015	...	...	61.4	...	...
Semi-detached house	705	...	...	8.6	...	...
Row house	130	...	...	1.6	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	180	...	...	2.2	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	2,110	...	...	25.8	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Other single-attached house	15	...	...	0.2	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	5	...	...	0.1	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	8,165	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	1,985	...	...	24.3	...	...
2 persons	2,975	...	...	36.4	...	...
3 persons	1,275	...	...	15.6	...	...
4 persons	1,380	...	...	16.9	...	...
5 or more persons	550	...	...	6.7	...	...
Number of persons in private households	20,195	9,975	10,220	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.5	...	...	2.5	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	16,765	8,145	8,625	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	10,465	5,215	5,255	62.4	64.0	60.9
Married	5,315	2,640	2,670	31.7	32.4	31.0
Living common-law	5,150	2,570	2,580	30.7	31.6	29.9
Living common law - Never married	4,280	2,110	2,170	25.5	25.9	25.2
Living common law - Separated	45	20	25	0.3	0.2	0.3
Living common law - Divorced	755	405	345	4.5	5.0	4.0
Living common law - Widowed	70	35	35	0.4	0.4	0.4
Not married and not living common-law	6,295	2,930	3,365	37.5	36.0	39.0
Not married and not living common law - Never married	4,455	2,315	2,140	26.6	28.4	24.8
Not married and not living common law - Separated	200	90	105	1.2	1.1	1.2
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	925	350	570	5.5	4.3	6.6
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	720	170	555	4.3	2.1	6.4
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	6,075	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	2,980	...	...	49.1	...	...
3 persons	1,250	...	...	20.6	...	...
4 persons	1,360	...	...	22.4	...	...
5 or more persons	485	...	...	8.0	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	6,070	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	5,160	...	...	85.0	...	...
Married couples	2,590	...	...	42.7	...	...
With children⁶	1,155	...	...	19.0	...	...
Without children	1,435	...	...	23.6	...	...
Common-law couples	2,575	...	...	42.4	...	...
With children⁶	1,555	...	...	25.6	...	...
Without children	1,020	...	...	16.8	...	...
Total one-parent families	910	...	...	15.0	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	640	...	...	10.5	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	270	...	...	4.4	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	20,195	9,975	10,220	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	17,680	8,805	8,875	87.5	88.3	86.8
Married spouses or common-law partners	10,325	5,150	5,180	51.1	51.6	50.7
Parents in one-parent families	910	270	640	4.5	2.7	6.3
Children⁶	6,445	3,385	3,060	31.9	33.9	29.9
In a two-parent family	5,050	2,635	2,415	25.0	26.4	23.6
In a one-parent family	1,395	755	640	6.9	7.6	6.3
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	2,515	1,170	1,345	12.5	11.7	13.2
Living alone	1,985	900	1,080	9.8	9.0	10.6
Living with other relatives⁷	230	85	140	1.1	0.9	1.4
Living with non-relatives only	305	185	120	1.5	1.9	1.2
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	8,165	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	5,785	...	...	70.9	...	...
Couple-family households	4,960	...	...	60.7	...	...
With children⁶	2,610	...	...	32.0	...	...
Without children	2,350	...	...	28.8	...	...
One-parent-family households	830	...	...	10.2	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	100	...	...	1.2	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	10	...	...	0.1	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	125	...	...	1.5	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	155	...	...	1.9	...	...
One-person households	1,985	...	...	24.3	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	16,365	8,015	8,350	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	16,040	7,845	8,195	98.0	97.9	98.1
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	51,600	59,600	45,200	51,600	59,600	45,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	16,045	7,845	8,190	98.0	97.9	98.1
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	44,400	49,600	39,200	44,400	49,600	39,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	15,300	7,580	7,710	93.5	94.6	92.3
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	44,800	54,800	36,800	44,800	54,800	36,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	12,875	6,535	6,340	78.7	81.5	75.9
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	48,000	56,800	41,200	48,000	56,800	41,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	11,960	5,270	6,685	73.1	65.8	80.1
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,400	8,600	10,000	9,400	8,600	10,000
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,745	825	920	10.7	10.3	11.0
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,480	5,040	5,960	5,480	5,040	5,960
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,115	2,125	1,995	25.1	26.5	23.9
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	6,000	7,000	6,000	6,000	7,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	16,315	7,995	8,325	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	16,015	7,835	8,180	98.2	98.0	98.3
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	60,200	69,000	51,700	60,200	69,000	51,700
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	16,020	7,835	8,185	98.2	98.0	98.3
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	48,000	53,650	42,560	48,000	53,650	42,560
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	15,385	7,615	7,770	94.3	95.2	93.3
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	54,050	63,900	44,400	54,050	63,900	44,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	12,835	6,450	6,385	78.7	80.7	76.7
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	55,150	63,900	46,280	55,150	63,900	46,280
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	11,835	5,240	6,595	72.5	65.5	79.2
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,170	10,390	11,800	11,170	10,390	11,800
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,700	820	880	10.4	10.3	10.6
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,620	5,820	9,300	7,620	5,820	9,300
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	3,925	2,015	1,910	24.1	25.2	22.9
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,180	6,860	7,520	7,180	6,860	7,520
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	16,315	7,995	8,325	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	6,965	3,700	3,265	42.7	46.3	39.2
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	70,500	80,000	60,800	70,500	80,000	60,800
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	78,300	88,700	66,500	78,300	88,700	66,500
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	4,655	2,120	2,535	28.5	26.5	30.5
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	20,800	24,000	18,600	20,800	24,000	18,600
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	31,560	36,320	27,600	31,560	36,320	27,600
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	86.2	90.0	81.6	86.2	90.0	81.6
Employment income (%)¹⁹	73.4	76.2	69.8	73.4	76.2	69.8
Government transfers (%)²⁰	13.7	10.1	18.4	13.7	10.1	18.4
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.4	0.9	1.9	1.4	0.9	1.9
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	3.4	2.9	4.2	3.4	2.9	4.2
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	2.9	2.6	3.4	2.9	2.6	3.4
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	16,370	8,020	8,350	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	330	170	155	2.0	2.1	1.9
With total income	16,040	7,845	8,195	98.0	97.8	98.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	970	415	560	6.0	5.3	6.8
$10,000 to $19,999	1,390	535	855	8.7	6.8	10.4
$20,000 to $29,999	1,880	720	1,160	11.7	9.2	14.2
$30,000 to $39,999	1,635	665	975	10.2	8.5	11.9
$40,000 to $49,999	1,835	810	1,025	11.4	10.3	12.5
$50,000 to $59,999	1,760	800	960	11.0	10.2	11.7
$60,000 to $69,999	1,430	740	690	8.9	9.4	8.4
$70,000 to $79,999	1,150	665	490	7.2	8.5	6.0
$80,000 to $89,999	1,015	570	450	6.3	7.3	5.5
$90,000 to $99,999	745	435	305	4.6	5.5	3.7
$100,000 and over	2,215	1,490	725	13.8	19.0	8.8
$100,000 to $149,999	1,605	1,045	560	10.0	13.3	6.8
$150,000 and over	610	445	165	3.8	5.7	2.0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	16,370	8,020	8,350	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	325	170	155	2.0	2.1	1.9
With after-tax income	16,040	7,850	8,195	98.0	97.9	98.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,090	440	645	6.8	5.6	7.9
$10,000 to $19,999	1,455	575	875	9.1	7.3	10.7
$20,000 to $29,999	2,250	880	1,370	14.0	11.2	16.7
$30,000 to $39,999	2,205	935	1,270	13.7	11.9	15.5
$40,000 to $49,999	2,435	1,155	1,285	15.2	14.7	15.7
$50,000 to $59,999	1,945	1,020	925	12.1	13.0	11.3
$60,000 to $69,999	1,550	875	680	9.7	11.1	8.3
$70,000 to $79,999	1,095	620	480	6.8	7.9	5.9
$80,000 to $89,999	740	460	275	4.6	5.9	3.4
$90,000 to $99,999	440	280	155	2.7	3.6	1.9
$100,000 and over	845	610	230	5.3	7.8	2.8
$100,000 to $124,999	470	335	135	2.9	4.3	1.6
$125,000 and over	370	275	100	2.3	3.5	1.2
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	16,370	8,020	8,350	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	3,490	1,480	2,010	21.3	18.5	24.1
With employment income	12,875	6,535	6,335	78.6	81.5	75.9
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,380	690	685	10.7	10.6	10.8
$5,000 to $9,999	845	370	475	6.6	5.7	7.5
$10,000 to $19,999	1,350	555	790	10.5	8.5	12.5
$20,000 to $29,999	995	400	590	7.7	6.1	9.3
$30,000 to $39,999	965	410	555	7.5	6.3	8.8
$40,000 to $49,999	1,125	460	665	8.7	7.0	10.5
$50,000 to $59,999	1,130	565	570	8.8	8.6	9.0
$60,000 to $69,999	1,030	570	460	8.0	8.7	7.3
$70,000 to $79,999	840	455	380	6.5	7.0	6.0
$80,000 to $89,999	840	465	380	6.5	7.1	6.0
$90,000 to $99,999	545	330	220	4.2	5.0	3.5
$100,000 and over	1,840	1,270	570	14.3	19.4	9.0
$100,000 to $124,999	960	630	335	7.5	9.6	5.3
$125,000 and over	875	640	235	6.8	9.8	3.7
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	16,365	8,015	8,350	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	15,720	7,675	8,045	96.1	95.8	96.3
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	50,800	60,000	43,600	50,800	60,000	43,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	15,730	7,680	8,055	96.1	95.8	96.5
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	43,200	49,600	38,000	43,200	49,600	38,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	15,040	7,455	7,580	91.9	93.0	90.8
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	46,000	57,200	38,400	46,000	57,200	38,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	12,885	6,540	6,345	78.7	81.6	76.0
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	48,800	58,800	41,200	48,800	58,800	41,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	10,600	4,500	6,100	64.8	56.1	73.1
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,400	4,600	7,450	6,400	4,600	7,450
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	1,685	830	855	10.3	10.4	10.2
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,680	3,960	5,840	4,680	3,960	5,840
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	16,315	7,995	8,325	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	15,675	7,675	7,990	96.1	96.0	96.0
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	59,700	70,600	49,240	59,700	70,600	49,240
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	15,690	7,680	8,005	96.2	96.1	96.2
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	47,640	54,800	40,760	47,640	54,800	40,760
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	15,060	7,450	7,610	92.3	93.2	91.4
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	56,000	67,900	44,360	56,000	67,900	44,360
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	12,825	6,495	6,335	78.6	81.2	76.1
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	55,600	65,200	45,800	55,600	65,200	45,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	10,535	4,500	6,035	64.6	56.3	72.5
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,770	8,060	9,290	8,770	8,060	9,290
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,560	790	765	9.6	9.9	9.2
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,450	5,020	9,980	7,450	5,020	9,980
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	16,315	7,995	8,325	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	6,940	3,690	3,250	42.5	46.2	39.0
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	67,500	79,500	56,800	67,500	79,500	56,800
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	74,900	85,900	62,400	74,900	85,900	62,400
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	4,395	2,015	2,375	26.9	25.2	28.5
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	28,000	37,600	23,600	28,000	37,600	23,600
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	37,160	44,160	31,240	37,160	44,160	31,240
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	90.2	93.4	85.8	90.2	93.4	85.8
Employment income (%)	76.2	78.0	73.6	76.2	78.0	73.6
Government transfers (%)	9.9	6.7	14.2	9.9	6.7	14.2
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.2	0.7	1.9	1.2	0.7	1.9
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	8,165	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	103,000	...	...	103,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	86,000	...	...	86,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	1,985	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	49,600	...	...	49,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	42,400	...	...	42,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	6,180	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	123,000	...	...	123,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	101,000	...	...	101,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	8,150	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	118,200	...	...	118,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	94,300	...	...	94,300	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	2,000	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	57,350	...	...	57,350	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	46,920	...	...	46,920	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	6,150	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	138,000	...	...	138,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	109,700	...	...	109,700	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	8,165	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	25	...	...	0.3	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	15	...	...	0.2	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	25	...	...	0.3	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	60	...	...	0.7	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	200	...	...	2.4	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	155	...	...	1.9	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	175	...	...	2.1	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	215	...	...	2.6	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	255	...	...	3.1	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	265	...	...	3.2	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	545	...	...	6.7	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	530	...	...	6.5	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	510	...	...	6.2	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	470	...	...	5.8	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	460	...	...	5.6	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,250	...	...	52.1	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,175	...	...	14.4	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	880	...	...	10.8	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,185	...	...	14.5	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,015	...	...	12.4	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	8,165	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	40	...	...	0.5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	15	...	...	0.2	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	30	...	...	0.4	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	65	...	...	0.8	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	215	...	...	2.6	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	215	...	...	2.6	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	225	...	...	2.8	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	290	...	...	3.6	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	345	...	...	4.2	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	360	...	...	4.4	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	650	...	...	8.0	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	640	...	...	7.8	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	645	...	...	7.9	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	605	...	...	7.4	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	610	...	...	7.5	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,220	...	...	39.4	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,205	...	...	14.8	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	830	...	...	10.2	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,185	...	...	14.5	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	6,070	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	123,000	...	...	123,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	102,000	...	...	102,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	2,375	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	102,000	...	...	102,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	85,000	...	...	85,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	2,715	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	159,000	...	...	159,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	130,000	...	...	130,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	890	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	82,000	...	...	82,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	71,000	...	...	71,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	2,290	1,085	1,205	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	48,400	53,200	43,600	48,400	53,200	43,600
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	41,200	44,800	38,000	41,200	44,800	38,000
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	6,030	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	138,600	...	...	138,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	110,000	...	...	110,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,360	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	113,200	...	...	113,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	90,300	...	...	90,300	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,725	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	176,800	...	...	176,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	138,600	...	...	138,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	880	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	89,200	...	...	89,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	74,800	...	...	74,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	2,300	1,065	1,235	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	55,800	63,600	49,100	55,800	63,600	49,100
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	45,800	50,800	41,500	45,800	50,800	41,500
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	20,195	9,975	10,220	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	4,575	2,355	2,215	22.7	23.6	21.7
0 to 5 years	1,375	685	690	6.8	6.9	6.8
18 to 64 years	12,675	6,205	6,470	62.8	62.2	63.3
65 years and over	2,945	1,415	1,530	14.6	14.2	15.0
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	905	390	515	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	180	105	80	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	45	20	25	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	415	200	215	...	...	...
65 years and over	315	90	225	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	4.5	3.9	5.0	4.5	3.9	5.0
0 to 17 years (%)	3.9	4.3	3.5	3.9	4.3	3.5
0 to 5 years (%)	3.2	3.2	3.2	3.2	3.2	3.2
18 to 64 years (%)	3.3	3.2	3.3	3.3	3.2	3.3
65 years and over (%)	10.7	6.6	14.6	10.7	6.6	14.6
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	20,195	9,975	10,220	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	4,575	2,355	2,220	22.7	23.6	21.7
0 to 5 years	1,370	680	685	6.8	6.8	6.7
18 to 64 years	12,670	6,205	6,470	62.7	62.2	63.3
65 years and over	2,945	1,415	1,530	14.6	14.2	15.0
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	210	110	105	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	30	25	10	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	5	0	5	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	145	80	65	...	...	...
65 years and over	35	10	25	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	1.1	1.1	1.0	1.1	1.1	1.0
0 to 17 years (%)	0.7	0.9	0.5	0.7	0.9	0.5
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	1.2	1.3	1.0	1.2	1.3	1.0
65 years and over (%)	1.1	0.6	1.6	1.1	0.6	1.6
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	20,195	9,975	10,220	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	7,420	3,470	3,945	36.7	34.8	38.6
In bottom decile	705	305	400	3.5	3.1	3.9
In second decile	1,160	525	640	5.7	5.3	6.3
In third decile	1,535	705	830	7.6	7.1	8.1
In fourth decile	1,855	875	975	9.2	8.8	9.5
In fifth decile	2,165	1,065	1,100	10.7	10.7	10.8
In top half of the distribution	12,775	6,500	6,275	63.3	65.2	61.4
In sixth decile	2,420	1,220	1,200	12.0	12.2	11.7
In seventh decile	2,785	1,425	1,360	13.8	14.3	13.3
In eighth decile	2,745	1,400	1,345	13.6	14.0	13.2
In ninth decile	2,690	1,355	1,335	13.3	13.6	13.1
In top decile	2,130	1,100	1,030	10.5	11.0	10.1
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	20,195	...	...	20,195	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.276	...	...	0.276	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.355	...	...	0.355	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.238	...	...	0.238	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	20,470	10,065	10,405	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
French only	10,480	4,730	5,755	51.2	47.0	55.3
English and French	9,930	5,305	4,620	48.5	52.7	44.4
Neither English nor French	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	20,470	10,065	10,405	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	385	185	205	1.9	1.8	2.0
French	19,910	9,785	10,125	97.3	97.2	97.3
English and French	155	90	65	0.8	0.9	0.6
Neither English nor French	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	20,470	10,065	10,405	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	20,120	9,880	10,240	98.3	98.2	98.4
Official languages	19,575	9,585	9,990	95.6	95.2	96.0
English	300	135	165	1.5	1.3	1.6
French	19,275	9,455	9,825	94.2	93.9	94.4
Non-official languages	550	290	255	2.7	2.9	2.5
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	550	290	255	2.7	2.9	2.5
Afro-Asiatic languages	150	85	65	0.7	0.8	0.6
Berber languages	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Kabyle	15	5	5	0.1	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	130	70	55	0.6	0.7	0.5
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	130	70	55	0.6	0.7	0.5
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Haitian Creole	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	290	165	130	1.4	1.6	1.2
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	30	20	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	30	20	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	10	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	230	125	105	1.1	1.2	1.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	50	30	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
Portuguese	20	15	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Romanian	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Spanish	115	65	55	0.6	0.6	0.5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	20	5	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Chinese languages	20	5	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	345	185	160	1.7	1.8	1.5
English and French	225	110	110	1.1	1.1	1.1
English and non-official language(s)	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	95	60	40	0.5	0.6	0.4
English, French and non-official language(s)	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	20,470	10,065	10,405	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	155	70	80	0.8	0.7	0.8
French	18,835	9,240	9,600	92.0	91.8	92.3
Non-official language	95	55	45	0.5	0.5	0.4
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	95	55	45	0.5	0.5	0.4
English and French	860	435	420	4.2	4.3	4.0
English and non-official language(s)	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	335	160	175	1.6	1.6	1.7
English, French and non-official language(s)	165	90	75	0.8	0.9	0.7
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	20,470	10,065	10,405	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	20,165	9,915	10,250	98.5	98.5	98.5
Official languages	19,970	9,810	10,165	97.6	97.5	97.7
English	295	145	150	1.4	1.4	1.4
French	19,675	9,660	10,015	96.1	96.0	96.3
Non-official languages	200	110	90	1.0	1.1	0.9
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	200	110	90	1.0	1.1	0.9
Afro-Asiatic languages	50	30	25	0.2	0.3	0.2
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	50	30	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	50	30	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	110	60	50	0.5	0.6	0.5
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	95	55	45	0.5	0.5	0.4
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Spanish	55	30	25	0.3	0.3	0.2
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	10	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	10	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	300	150	150	1.5	1.5	1.4
English and French	160	75	80	0.8	0.7	0.8
English and non-official language(s)	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	105	50	55	0.5	0.5	0.5
English, French and non-official language(s)	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	20,470	10,065	10,405	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	19,335	9,490	9,850	94.5	94.3	94.7
English	620	320	295	3.0	3.2	2.8
French	195	100	95	1.0	1.0	0.9
Non-official language	200	95	105	1.0	0.9	1.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	200	95	105	1.0	0.9	1.0
English and French	15	5	5	0.1	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	75	40	35	0.4	0.4	0.3
French and non-official language(s)	20	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	20,105	9,925	10,180	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	20,085	9,920	10,165	99.9	99.9	99.9
English	9,905	5,165	4,735	49.3	52.0	46.5
French	20,055	9,905	10,150	99.8	99.8	99.7
Non-official languages	1,500	760	745	7.5	7.7	7.3
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,500	760	745	7.5	7.7	7.3
Afro-Asiatic languages	195	110	90	1.0	1.1	0.9
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	195	105	90	1.0	1.1	0.9
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	195	105	90	1.0	1.1	0.9
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	20	15	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	50	30	25	0.2	0.3	0.2
Haitian Creole	50	30	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,050	520	530	5.2	5.2	5.2
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	30	15	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	30	15	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Russian	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	80	45	30	0.4	0.5	0.3
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	70	45	20	0.3	0.5	0.2
German	70	45	20	0.3	0.5	0.2
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	25	25	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	35	20	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	35	20	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	20	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	920	430	490	4.6	4.3	4.8
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	135	90	55	0.7	0.9	0.5
Portuguese	60	45	15	0.3	0.5	0.1
Romanian	35	25	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Spanish	720	300	425	3.6	3.0	4.2
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	95	50	40	0.5	0.5	0.4
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	30	15	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	25	15	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	45	25	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	30	10	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
Chinese languages	30	10	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	60	35	25	0.3	0.4	0.2
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	60	35	25	0.3	0.4	0.2
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	20,105	9,925	10,175	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	240	140	100	1.2	1.4	1.0
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	215	120	95	1.1	1.2	0.9
First Nations (North American Indian)	170	105	65	0.8	1.1	0.6
Métis	35	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
Inuk (Inuit)	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	25	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Non-Indigenous identity	19,865	9,790	10,075	98.8	98.6	99.0
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	20,105	9,925	10,175	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	60	45	20	0.3	0.5	0.2
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	20,040	9,880	10,160	99.7	99.5	99.9
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	8,155	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	6,430	...	...	78.8	...	...
Renter	1,720	...	...	21.1	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	8,155	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	1,045	...	...	12.8	...	...
Not condominium	7,110	...	...	87.2	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	8,155	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
1 bedroom	460	...	...	5.6	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,990	...	...	24.4	...	...
3 bedrooms	3,420	...	...	41.9	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	2,275	...	...	27.9	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	8,155	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,585	...	...	19.4	...	...
5 rooms	1,170	...	...	14.3	...	...
6 rooms	975	...	...	12.0	...	...
7 rooms	1,130	...	...	13.9	...	...
8 or more rooms	3,290	...	...	40.3	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	7.0	...	...	7.0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	8,155	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	8,140	...	...	99.8	...	...
More than one person per room	15	...	...	0.2	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	8,155	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	8,030	...	...	98.5	...	...
Not suitable	125	...	...	1.5	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	8,155	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	595	...	...	7.3	...	...
1961 to 1980	1,860	...	...	22.8	...	...
1981 to 1990	2,215	...	...	27.2	...	...
1991 to 2000	2,045	...	...	25.1	...	...
2001 to 2005	535	...	...	6.6	...	...
2006 to 2010	280	...	...	3.4	...	...
2011 to 2015	385	...	...	4.7	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	240	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	8,155	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	7,875	...	...	96.6	...	...
Major repairs needed	280	...	...	3.4	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	8,155	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	3,740	...	...	45.9	...	...
Two-maintainer household	4,310	...	...	52.9	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	110	...	...	1.3	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	8,155	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	120	...	...	1.5	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,010	...	...	12.4	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,580	...	...	19.4	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,725	...	...	21.2	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,890	...	...	23.2	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,195	...	...	14.7	...	...
75 to 84 years	550	...	...	6.7	...	...
85 years and over	85	...	...	1.0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	8,145	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	7,435	...	...	91.3	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	710	...	...	8.7	...	...
30% to less than 100%	680	...	...	8.3	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	8,155	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	1,075	...	...	13.2	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	675	...	...	8.3	...	...
Not suitable only	115	...	...	1.4	...	...
Major repairs needed only	250	...	...	3.1	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	25	...	...	0.3	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	7,075	...	...	86.8	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	8,115	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	270	...	...	3.3	...	...
Not in core need	7,845	...	...	96.7	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	6,430	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	66.1	...	...	66.1	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	6.1	...	...	6.1	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	1.4	...	...	1.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,260	...	...	1,260	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,234	...	...	1,234	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	400,000	...	...	400,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	415,600	...	...	415,600	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,720	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	3.2	...	...	3.2	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	18.1	...	...	18.1	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	10.6	...	...	10.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	880	...	...	880	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	941	...	...	941	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	20,105	9,930	10,175	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	160	85	80	0.8	0.9	0.8
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	160	85	80	0.8	0.9	0.8
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	155	80	80	0.8	0.8	0.8
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	540	250	280	2.7	2.5	2.8
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	540	250	280	2.7	2.5	2.8
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	505	240	265	2.5	2.4	2.6
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	30	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	19,400	9,590	9,810	96.5	96.6	96.4
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	20,105	9,930	10,180	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	19,875	9,825	10,050	98.9	98.9	98.7
Canadian citizens aged under 18	4,535	2,310	2,220	22.6	23.3	21.8
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	15,340	7,510	7,830	76.3	75.6	76.9
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	235	105	125	1.2	1.1	1.2
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	20,105	9,930	10,180	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	19,310	9,515	9,790	96.0	95.8	96.2
Immigrants⁸¹	730	365	360	3.6	3.7	3.5
Before 1980	115	60	60	0.6	0.6	0.6
1980 to 1990	90	70	15	0.4	0.7	0.1
1991 to 2000	120	55	60	0.6	0.6	0.6
2001 to 2010	215	90	120	1.1	0.9	1.2
2011 to 2021⁸²	200	90	110	1.0	0.9	1.1
2011 to 2015	105	50	60	0.5	0.5	0.6
2016 to 2021	90	40	50	0.4	0.4	0.5
Non-permanent residents⁸³	60	40	20	0.3	0.4	0.2
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	730	365	365	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	115	60	55	15.8	16.4	15.1
5 to 14 years	110	45	60	15.1	12.3	16.4
15 to 24 years	120	60	55	16.4	16.4	15.1
25 to 44 years	345	165	180	47.3	45.2	49.3
45 years and over	50	30	20	6.8	8.2	5.5
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	730	365	365	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	155	80	75	21.2	21.9	20.5
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	10	0	10	1.4	0.0	2.7
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	50	30	15	6.8	8.2	4.1
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	20	0	15	2.7	0.0	4.1
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	20	0	15	2.7	0.0	4.1
Other places of birth in Americas	45	25	20	6.2	6.8	5.5
Europe	245	125	120	33.6	34.2	32.9
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	150	70	75	20.5	19.2	20.5
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	15	10	10	2.1	2.7	2.7
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portugal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	40	30	15	5.5	8.2	4.1
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	25	10	10	3.4	2.7	2.7
Africa	205	115	95	28.1	31.5	26.0
Algeria	25	10	15	3.4	2.7	4.1
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	20	10	0	2.7	2.7	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	70	40	30	9.6	11.0	8.2
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	90	45	45	12.3	12.3	12.3
Asia	125	50	75	17.1	13.7	20.5
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	20	15	0	2.7	4.1	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	30	10	15	4.1	2.7	4.1
China⁹⁰	20	0	20	2.7	0.0	5.5
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	30	10	20	4.1	2.7	5.5
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	90	40	45	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	20	10	10	22.2	25.0	22.2
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	30	20	10	33.3	50.0	22.2
France	15	10	10	16.7	25.0	22.2
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	35	15	15	38.9	37.5	33.3
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	25	10	15	27.8	25.0	33.3
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	10	0	10	11.1	0.0	22.2
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	20,105	9,925	10,180	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	900	450	450	4.5	4.5	4.4
Second generation¹⁰¹	1,085	600	490	5.4	6.0	4.8
Third generation or more¹⁰²	18,115	8,880	9,245	90.1	89.5	90.8
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	615	310	305	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	285	170	115	46.3	54.8	37.7
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	150	110	45	24.4	35.5	14.8
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	130	55	75	21.1	17.7	24.6
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	250	105	140	40.7	33.9	45.9
Refugees¹⁰⁸	65	30	35	10.6	9.7	11.5
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	20	10	10	3.3	3.2	3.3
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	615	310	305	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	35	15	20	5.7	4.8	6.6
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	80	55	20	13.0	17.7	6.6
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	15	10	10	2.4	3.2	3.3
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	30	15	15	4.9	4.8	4.9
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	450	215	230	73.2	69.4	75.4
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	20,105	9,925	10,175	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	870	430	440	4.3	4.3	4.3
South Asian	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese	90	15	75	0.4	0.2	0.7
Black	315	175	140	1.6	1.8	1.4
Filipino	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Arab	170	95	75	0.8	1.0	0.7
Latin American	85	45	45	0.4	0.5	0.4
Southeast Asian	60	30	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
West Asian	50	30	25	0.2	0.3	0.2
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple visible minorities	45	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	19,235	9,495	9,740	95.7	95.7	95.7
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	20,105	9,925	10,180	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	7,420	3,605	3,815	36.9	36.3	37.5
English	335	120	220	1.7	1.2	2.2
Irish	955	500	460	4.8	5.0	4.5
Scottish	365	155	210	1.8	1.6	2.1
French, n.o.s.¹²²	5,895	2,945	2,945	29.3	29.7	28.9
German	230	105	125	1.1	1.1	1.2
Chinese	90	25	65	0.4	0.3	0.6
Italian	585	285	305	2.9	2.9	3.0
Indian (India)	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	30	20	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Dutch	35	30	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Polish	105	45	60	0.5	0.5	0.6
Québécois	2,750	1,325	1,425	13.7	13.4	14.0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	50	30	25	0.2	0.3	0.2
Filipino	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
French Canadian	1,890	920	965	9.4	9.3	9.5
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	450	235	210	2.2	2.4	2.1
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	270	125	145	1.3	1.3	1.4
Métis	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	215	120	95	1.1	1.2	0.9
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Portuguese	95	75	25	0.5	0.8	0.2
American	55	30	25	0.3	0.3	0.2
Spanish	25	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	55	35	20	0.3	0.4	0.2
Acadian	165	85	75	0.8	0.9	0.7
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	95	40	60	0.5	0.4	0.6
Jewish	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	85	35	45	0.4	0.4	0.4
Greek	80	55	25	0.4	0.6	0.2
Jamaican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	60	30	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	80	55	25	0.4	0.6	0.2
Lebanese	40	15	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	115	65	45	0.6	0.7	0.4
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	105	60	45	0.5	0.6	0.4
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belgian	195	75	120	1.0	0.8	1.2
Haitian	125	70	50	0.6	0.7	0.5
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	70	30	35	0.3	0.3	0.3
Mennonite	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	40	30	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	20	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	65	50	20	0.3	0.5	0.2
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombian	30	25	10	0.1	0.3	0.1
Moroccan	100	55	35	0.5	0.6	0.3
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syrian	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Guyanese	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Brazilian	20	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Congolese	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	50	30	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	25	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	50	25	25	0.2	0.3	0.2
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	75	40	30	0.4	0.4	0.3
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	60	35	25	0.3	0.4	0.2
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	20	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	65	15	55	0.3	0.2	0.5
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	55	35	15	0.3	0.4	0.1
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	35	25	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Norman	30	25	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	40	10	30	0.2	0.1	0.3
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	20,105	9,925	10,175	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	35	0	25	0.2	0.0	0.2
Christian	13,635	6,650	6,985	67.8	67.0	68.6
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	1,010	500	510	5.0	5.0	5.0
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baptist	20	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Catholic	12,375	6,000	6,380	61.6	60.5	62.7
Christian Orthodox	60	45	20	0.3	0.5	0.2
Jehovah's Witness	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Latter Day Saints	30	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Lutheran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	55	25	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	55	40	20	0.3	0.4	0.2
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	340	200	140	1.7	2.0	1.4
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
No religion and secular perspectives	6,065	3,060	3,010	30.2	30.8	29.6
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	19,905	9,835	10,070	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	18,420	9,105	9,320	92.5	92.6	92.6
Movers	1,485	735	750	7.5	7.5	7.4
Non-migrants	625	320	305	3.1	3.3	3.0
Migrants	855	410	450	4.3	4.2	4.5
Internal migrants	845	410	440	4.2	4.2	4.4
Intraprovincial migrants	845	410	440	4.2	4.2	4.4
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
External migrants	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	18,970	9,385	9,580	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	12,980	6,395	6,590	68.4	68.1	68.8
Movers	5,985	2,995	2,990	31.5	31.9	31.2
Non-migrants	2,200	1,075	1,125	11.6	11.5	11.7
Migrants	3,785	1,920	1,865	20.0	20.5	19.5
Internal migrants	3,675	1,870	1,805	19.4	19.9	18.8
Intraprovincial migrants	3,610	1,830	1,780	19.0	19.5	18.6
Interprovincial migrants	65	40	25	0.3	0.4	0.3
External migrants	105	50	65	0.6	0.5	0.7
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	16,315	7,995	8,325	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	2,250	1,260	995	13.8	15.8	12.0
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	14,065	6,740	7,330	86.2	84.3	88.0
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	11,080	5,450	5,625	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	955	635	315	8.6	11.7	5.6
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	10,125	4,815	5,310	91.4	88.3	94.4
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	16,315	7,995	8,320	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,980	1,075	905	12.1	13.4	10.9
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	3,465	1,625	1,840	21.2	20.3	22.1
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	10,875	5,295	5,580	66.7	66.2	67.1
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	7,155	3,705	3,450	43.9	46.3	41.5
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,750	1,725	1,025	16.9	21.6	12.3
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	2,055	1,135	930	12.6	14.2	11.2
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	690	595	100	4.2	7.4	1.2
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	3,705	1,695	2,010	22.7	21.2	24.2
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	700	280	415	4.3	3.5	5.0
Bachelor's degree or higher	3,720	1,590	2,135	22.8	19.9	25.7
Bachelor's degree	2,645	1,125	1,525	16.2	14.1	18.3
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	350	115	230	2.1	1.4	2.8
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	45	0	35	0.3	0.0	0.4
Master's degree	630	310	320	3.9	3.9	3.8
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	60	35	25	0.4	0.4	0.3
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	11,075	5,455	5,625	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	740	505	240	6.7	9.3	4.3
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,715	830	885	15.5	15.2	15.7
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	8,615	4,120	4,495	77.8	75.5	79.9
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	5,405	2,765	2,640	48.8	50.7	46.9
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,175	1,325	850	19.6	24.3	15.1
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	1,630	865	765	14.7	15.9	13.6
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	545	460	85	4.9	8.4	1.5
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	2,670	1,215	1,455	24.1	22.3	25.9
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	560	230	335	5.1	4.2	6.0
Bachelor's degree or higher	3,215	1,355	1,855	29.0	24.8	33.0
Bachelor's degree	2,295	955	1,340	20.7	17.5	23.8
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	290	95	195	2.6	1.7	3.5
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	45	10	35	0.4	0.2	0.6
Master's degree	535	270	265	4.8	4.9	4.7
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	50	25	20	0.5	0.5	0.4
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	16,315	7,990	8,320	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	5,445	2,700	2,745	33.4	33.8	33.0
Education	835	155	675	5.1	1.9	8.1
13. Education	835	155	675	5.1	1.9	8.1
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	405	215	190	2.5	2.7	2.3
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	90	75	15	0.6	0.9	0.2
50. Visual and performing arts	315	140	175	1.9	1.8	2.1
Humanities	500	195	300	3.1	2.4	3.6
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
23. English language and literature/letters	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	340	140	200	2.1	1.8	2.4
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
39. Theology and religious vocations	20	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
54. History	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	45	0	45	0.3	0.0	0.5
Social and behavioural sciences and law	885	195	685	5.4	2.4	8.2
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	165	25	135	1.0	0.3	1.6
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	205	10	195	1.3	0.1	2.3
22. Legal professions and studies	145	45	95	0.9	0.6	1.1
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	25	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
42. Psychology	105	15	85	0.6	0.2	1.0
45. Social sciences	230	75	150	1.4	0.9	1.8
Business, management and public administration	2,710	1,025	1,690	16.6	12.8	20.3
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	135	40	100	0.8	0.5	1.2
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,575	985	1,590	15.8	12.3	19.1
Physical and life sciences and technologies	440	210	225	2.7	2.6	2.7
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	130	55	75	0.8	0.7	0.9
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	60	30	35	0.4	0.4	0.4
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	65	0	55	0.4	0.0	0.7
40. Physical sciences	115	75	40	0.7	0.9	0.5
41. Science technologies/technicians	70	45	20	0.4	0.6	0.2
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	425	325	100	2.6	4.1	1.2
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	385	300	85	2.4	3.8	1.0
25. Library science	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	2,465	2,275	185	15.1	28.5	2.2
04. Architecture and related services	95	55	40	0.6	0.7	0.5
14. Engineering	420	370	45	2.6	4.6	0.5
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	575	510	65	3.5	6.4	0.8
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	525	520	0	3.2	6.5	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	505	495	15	3.1	6.2	0.2
48. Precision production	345	330	15	2.1	4.1	0.2
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	140	65	75	0.9	0.8	0.9
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	115	35	75	0.7	0.4	0.9
03. Natural resources and conservation	30	25	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Health and related fields	1,270	200	1,065	7.8	2.5	12.8
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	100	60	35	0.6	0.8	0.4
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,155	135	1,020	7.1	1.7	12.3
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Personal, protective and transportation services	805	430	380	4.9	5.4	4.6
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	375	75	295	2.3	0.9	3.5
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	290	220	70	1.8	2.8	0.8
49. Transportation and materials moving	135	120	15	0.8	1.5	0.2
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	11,080	5,450	5,625	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	2,460	1,330	1,130	22.2	24.4	20.1
Education	655	120	540	5.9	2.2	9.6
13. Education	655	120	540	5.9	2.2	9.6
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	325	165	155	2.9	3.0	2.8
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	55	45	10	0.5	0.8	0.2
50. Visual and performing arts	270	120	145	2.4	2.2	2.6
Humanities	320	130	190	2.9	2.4	3.4
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	25	10	20	0.2	0.2	0.4
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	195	90	105	1.8	1.7	1.9
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	15	15	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
54. History	25	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	35	0	30	0.3	0.0	0.5
Social and behavioural sciences and law	775	160	610	7.0	2.9	10.8
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	150	25	125	1.4	0.5	2.2
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	200	0	195	1.8	0.0	3.5
22. Legal professions and studies	120	35	90	1.1	0.6	1.6
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.3
42. Psychology	85	15	65	0.8	0.3	1.2
45. Social sciences	190	65	125	1.7	1.2	2.2
Business, management and public administration	2,170	770	1,395	19.6	14.1	24.8
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	115	25	90	1.0	0.5	1.6
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,055	745	1,305	18.5	13.7	23.2
Physical and life sciences and technologies	305	170	140	2.8	3.1	2.5
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	110	50	60	1.0	0.9	1.1
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	40	15	30	0.4	0.3	0.5
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	95	65	30	0.9	1.2	0.5
41. Science technologies/technicians	55	40	15	0.5	0.7	0.3
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	370	285	90	3.3	5.2	1.6
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	350	265	80	3.2	4.9	1.4
25. Library science	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,905	1,755	150	17.2	32.2	2.7
04. Architecture and related services	85	50	35	0.8	0.9	0.6
14. Engineering	370	325	40	3.3	6.0	0.7
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	405	360	50	3.7	6.6	0.9
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	425	425	0	3.8	7.8	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	375	365	0	3.4	6.7	0.0
48. Precision production	245	240	10	2.2	4.4	0.2
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	110	45	60	1.0	0.8	1.1
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	90	35	55	0.8	0.6	1.0
03. Natural resources and conservation	15	15	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Health and related fields	995	150	845	9.0	2.8	15.0
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	75	45	35	0.7	0.8	0.6
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	905	100	805	8.2	1.8	14.3
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Personal, protective and transportation services	690	365	320	6.2	6.7	5.7
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	320	70	250	2.9	1.3	4.4
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
43. Security and protective services	245	190	55	2.2	3.5	1.0
49. Transportation and materials moving	110	95	15	1.0	1.7	0.3
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	11,080	5,450	5,625	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,460	1,330	1,130	22.2	24.4	20.1
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	8,615	4,120	4,500	77.8	75.6	80.0
Location of study inside Canada	8,400	3,995	4,405	75.8	73.3	78.3
Same as province or territory of residence	8,270	3,925	4,345	74.6	72.0	77.2
Different than province or territory of residence	130	70	60	1.2	1.3	1.1
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	220	125	95	2.0	2.3	1.7
Americas	70	45	20	0.6	0.8	0.4
United States of America	40	30	10	0.4	0.6	0.2
Mexico	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	90	45	50	0.8	0.8	0.9
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	65	25	40	0.6	0.5	0.7
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	50	45	10	0.5	0.8	0.2
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Morocco	15	15	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Asia	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.3
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	16,315	7,995	8,320	...	...	...
In the labour force	11,600	5,820	5,780	...	...	...
Employed	11,100	5,550	5,550	...	...	...
Unemployed	500	265	230	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	4,715	2,175	2,540	...	...	...
Participation rate	71.1	72.8	69.5	71.1	72.8	69.5
Employment rate	68.0	69.4	66.7	68.0	69.4	66.7
Unemployment rate	4.3	4.6	4.0	4.3	4.6	4.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	16,315	7,990	8,320	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	4,460	2,030	2,430	27.3	25.4	29.2
Worked	11,860	5,970	5,890	72.7	74.7	70.8
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	7,070	3,765	3,310	43.3	47.1	39.8
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	4,785	2,200	2,585	29.3	27.5	31.1
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.3	44.0	42.6	43.3	44.0	42.6
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	11,600	5,815	5,785	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	135	70	65	1.2	1.2	1.1
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	11,465	5,750	5,720	98.8	98.9	98.9
Employee	10,415	5,160	5,255	89.8	88.7	90.8
Permanent position	9,080	4,605	4,475	78.3	79.2	77.4
Temporary position	1,335	555	775	11.5	9.5	13.4
Fixed term (1 year or more)	440	175	265	3.8	3.0	4.6
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	895	380	515	7.7	6.5	8.9
Self-employed¹⁹²	1,050	585	465	9.1	10.1	8.0
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	11,600	5,815	5,785	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	135	70	65	1.2	1.2	1.1
All occupations¹⁹¹	11,465	5,750	5,720	98.8	98.9	98.9
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	250	180	75	2.2	3.1	1.3
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,370	670	1,700	20.4	11.5	29.4
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,085	865	220	9.4	14.9	3.8
3 Health occupations	875	110	770	7.5	1.9	13.3
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,605	435	1,170	13.8	7.5	20.2
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	415	185	225	3.6	3.2	3.9
6 Sales and service occupations	2,410	1,125	1,285	20.8	19.3	22.2
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,835	1,680	160	15.8	28.9	2.8
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	80	65	15	0.7	1.1	0.3
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	535	440	100	4.6	7.6	1.7
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	11,600	5,815	5,785	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	135	70	65	1.2	1.2	1.1
All industries¹⁹¹	11,465	5,750	5,720	98.8	98.9	98.9
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	80	45	30	0.7	0.8	0.5
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	20	20	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
22 Utilities	215	135	85	1.9	2.3	1.5
23 Construction	865	730	130	7.5	12.6	2.2
31-33 Manufacturing	1,280	945	335	11.0	16.3	5.8
41 Wholesale trade	475	325	150	4.1	5.6	2.6
44-45 Retail trade	1,525	730	790	13.1	12.6	13.7
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	380	265	110	3.3	4.6	1.9
51 Information and cultural industries	315	205	110	2.7	3.5	1.9
52 Finance and insurance	525	210	320	4.5	3.6	5.5
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	130	60	70	1.1	1.0	1.2
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	850	475	370	7.3	8.2	6.4
55 Management of companies and enterprises	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	300	205	90	2.6	3.5	1.6
61 Educational services	965	220	740	8.3	3.8	12.8
62 Health care and social assistance	1,585	195	1,390	13.7	3.4	24.0
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	240	125	115	2.1	2.1	2.0
72 Accommodation and food services	420	195	225	3.6	3.4	3.9
81 Other services (except public administration)	445	200	245	3.8	3.4	4.2
91 Public administration	840	445	390	7.2	7.7	6.7
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	12,250	6,160	6,095	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	135	85	55	1.1	1.4	0.9
French	9,160	4,400	4,760	74.8	71.4	78.1
Non-official language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	2,900	1,640	1,260	23.7	26.6	20.7
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	30	20	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	12,250	6,160	6,095	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	11,820	5,900	5,920	96.5	95.8	97.1
Official languages	11,815	5,900	5,915	96.4	95.8	97.0
English	530	340	190	4.3	5.5	3.1
French	11,285	5,565	5,725	92.1	90.3	93.9
Non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	435	260	175	3.6	4.2	2.9
English and French	425	255	175	3.5	4.1	2.9
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	12,250	6,160	6,095	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	9,740	4,745	4,995	79.5	77.0	82.0
English	2,100	1,140	955	17.1	18.5	15.7
French	380	245	130	3.1	4.0	2.1
Non-official language	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	20	20	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	11,105	5,550	5,550	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	2,470	1,090	1,380	22.2	19.6	24.9
Worked outside Canada	15	15	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
No fixed workplace address	940	755	180	8.5	13.6	3.2
Usual place of work	7,685	3,695	3,990	69.2	66.6	71.9
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	7,680	3,695	3,990	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	2,485	1,115	1,370	32.4	30.2	34.3
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	465	215	250	6.1	5.8	6.3
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	4,725	2,360	2,365	61.5	63.9	59.3
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	8,620	4,445	4,175	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	7,825	4,135	3,695	90.8	93.0	88.5
Car, truck or van - as a driver	7,475	3,995	3,480	86.7	89.9	83.4
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	350	140	215	4.1	3.1	5.1
Public transit	330	150	185	3.8	3.4	4.4
Walked	295	90	205	3.4	2.0	4.9
Bicycle	65	35	30	0.8	0.8	0.7
Other method	105	40	60	1.2	0.9	1.4
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	8,620	4,445	4,175	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	2,475	1,075	1,405	28.7	24.2	33.7
15 to 29 minutes	3,210	1,680	1,525	37.2	37.8	36.5
30 to 44 minutes	1,945	1,130	815	22.6	25.4	19.5
45 to 59 minutes	615	330	280	7.1	7.4	6.7
60 minutes and over	380	230	140	4.4	5.2	3.4
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	8,620	4,445	4,175	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	780	635	145	9.0	14.3	3.5
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,625	1,095	530	18.9	24.6	12.7
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	2,540	1,170	1,370	29.5	26.3	32.8
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,655	615	1,040	19.2	13.8	24.9
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	895	340	555	10.4	7.6	13.3
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,125	595	535	13.1	13.4	12.8
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	4,660	2,400	2,260	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	435	225	215	9.3	9.4	9.5
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	4,225	2,175	2,045	90.7	90.6	90.5
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	3,465	1,820	1,645	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	340	175	165	9.8	9.6	10.0
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	235	125	115	6.8	6.9	7.0
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	100	50	50	2.9	2.7	3.0
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	3,125	1,645	1,480	90.2	90.4	90.0

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
^r
revised
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 18, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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