Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Val-d'OrMore information: Quebec [Population centre]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	25,473	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	25,590^r	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	- 0.5	...	...	- 0.5	...	...
Total private dwellings²	12,673	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	12,079	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,011.9	...	...	1,011.9	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	25.17	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	25,465	12,750	12,720	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	4,205	2,130	2,080	16.5	16.7	16.4
0 to 4 years	1,395	700	695	5.5	5.5	5.5
5 to 9 years	1,350	640	705	5.3	5.0	5.5
10 to 14 years	1,465	785	680	5.8	6.2	5.3
15 to 64 years	15,915	8,155	7,760	62.5	64.0	61.0
15 to 19 years	1,230	650	585	4.8	5.1	4.6
20 to 24 years	1,395	740	655	5.5	5.8	5.1
25 to 29 years	1,580	795	785	6.2	6.2	6.2
30 to 34 years	1,665	845	820	6.5	6.6	6.4
35 to 39 years	1,535	845	685	6.0	6.6	5.4
40 to 44 years	1,535	760	775	6.0	6.0	6.1
45 to 49 years	1,450	750	705	5.7	5.9	5.5
50 to 54 years	1,420	705	710	5.6	5.5	5.6
55 to 59 years	1,975	995	975	7.8	7.8	7.7
60 to 64 years	2,125	1,065	1,065	8.3	8.4	8.4
65 years and over	5,345	2,465	2,875	21.0	19.3	22.6
65 to 69 years	1,710	845	865	6.7	6.6	6.8
70 to 74 years	1,375	670	705	5.4	5.3	5.5
75 to 79 years	995	455	545	3.9	3.6	4.3
80 to 84 years	645	275	370	2.5	2.2	2.9
85 years and over	625	230	395	2.5	1.8	3.1
85 to 89 years	415	165	250	1.6	1.3	2.0
90 to 94 years	165	50	115	0.6	0.4	0.9
95 to 99 years	40	10	30	0.2	0.1	0.2
100 years and over	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.5	16.7	16.4	16.5	16.7	16.4
15 to 64 years	62.5	64.0	61.0	62.5	64.0	61.0
65 years and over	21.0	19.3	22.6	21.0	19.3	22.6
85 years and over	2.5	1.8	3.1	2.5	1.8	3.1
Average age of the population	43.0	42.2	43.9	43.0	42.2	43.9
Median age of the population	43.6	42.4	44.8	43.6	42.4	44.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	12,080	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	5,210	...	...	43.1	...	...
Semi-detached house	475	...	...	3.9	...	...
Row house	275	...	...	2.3	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	1,485	...	...	12.3	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	4,290	...	...	35.5	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	225	...	...	1.9	...	...
Other single-attached house	35	...	...	0.3	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	90	...	...	0.7	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	12,080	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	4,935	...	...	40.9	...	...
2 persons	4,090	...	...	33.9	...	...
3 persons	1,340	...	...	11.1	...	...
4 persons	1,120	...	...	9.3	...	...
5 or more persons	595	...	...	4.9	...	...
Number of persons in private households	24,870	12,510	12,355	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.1	...	...	2.1	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	21,260	10,620	10,640	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	11,725	5,880	5,850	55.2	55.4	55.0
Married	5,305	2,680	2,625	25.0	25.2	24.7
Living common-law	6,420	3,200	3,220	30.2	30.1	30.3
Living common law - Never married	5,415	2,695	2,720	25.5	25.4	25.6
Living common law - Separated	65	35	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
Living common law - Divorced	845	425	415	4.0	4.0	3.9
Living common law - Widowed	95	40	55	0.4	0.4	0.5
Not married and not living common-law	9,535	4,740	4,790	44.8	44.6	45.0
Not married and not living common law - Never married	6,435	3,665	2,775	30.3	34.5	26.1
Not married and not living common law - Separated	315	145	170	1.5	1.4	1.6
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	1,405	610	800	6.6	5.7	7.5
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	1,380	325	1,050	6.5	3.1	9.9
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	6,875	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	4,005	...	...	58.3	...	...
3 persons	1,260	...	...	18.3	...	...
4 persons	1,095	...	...	15.9	...	...
5 or more persons	515	...	...	7.5	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	6,875	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	5,770	...	...	83.9	...	...
Married couples	2,560	...	...	37.2	...	...
With children⁶	875	...	...	12.7	...	...
Without children	1,690	...	...	24.6	...	...
Common-law couples	3,210	...	...	46.7	...	...
With children⁶	1,585	...	...	23.1	...	...
Without children	1,625	...	...	23.6	...	...
Total one-parent families	1,105	...	...	16.1	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	765	...	...	11.1	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	335	...	...	4.9	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	24,870	12,510	12,355	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	18,940	9,400	9,540	76.2	75.1	77.2
Married spouses or common-law partners	11,545	5,760	5,785	46.4	46.0	46.8
Parents in one-parent families	1,100	340	765	4.4	2.7	6.2
Children⁶	6,290	3,300	2,990	25.3	26.4	24.2
In a two-parent family	4,630	2,430	2,200	18.6	19.4	17.8
In a one-parent family	1,660	870	790	6.7	7.0	6.4
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	5,930	3,110	2,820	23.8	24.9	22.8
Living alone	4,935	2,545	2,390	19.8	20.3	19.3
Living with other relatives⁷	370	190	180	1.5	1.5	1.5
Living with non-relatives only	625	380	240	2.5	3.0	1.9
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	12,080	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	6,550	...	...	54.2	...	...
Couple-family households	5,560	...	...	46.0	...	...
With children⁶	2,375	...	...	19.7	...	...
Without children	3,190	...	...	26.4	...	...
One-parent-family households	990	...	...	8.2	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	70	...	...	0.6	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	20	...	...	0.2	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	185	...	...	1.5	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	325	...	...	2.7	...	...
One-person households	4,935	...	...	40.9	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	20,660	10,385	10,275	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	20,385	10,255	10,130	98.7	98.7	98.6
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,600	52,400	36,000	43,600	52,400	36,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	20,390	10,255	10,130	98.7	98.7	98.6
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,000	44,800	32,400	38,000	44,800	32,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	18,165	9,390	8,770	87.9	90.4	85.4
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,800	47,600	28,200	36,800	47,600	28,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	14,975	8,010	6,965	72.5	77.1	67.8
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,600	52,800	32,400	41,600	52,800	32,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	16,525	7,755	8,770	80.0	74.7	85.4
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,200	10,100	12,000	11,200	10,100	12,000
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,485	1,255	1,225	12.0	12.1	11.9
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,680	5,480	5,960	5,680	5,480	5,960
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,080	3,360	2,720	29.4	32.4	26.5
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	5,520	7,000	6,000	5,520	7,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	20,600	10,365	10,235	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	20,330	10,230	10,100	98.7	98.7	98.7
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	54,600	66,200	42,840	54,600	66,200	42,840
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	20,330	10,230	10,105	98.7	98.7	98.7
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	44,240	51,900	36,520	44,240	51,900	36,520
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	18,100	9,330	8,770	87.9	90.0	85.7
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	49,800	62,400	36,320	49,800	62,400	36,320
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	14,890	7,890	7,000	72.3	76.1	68.4
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	53,150	65,200	39,520	53,150	65,200	39,520
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	16,405	7,740	8,665	79.6	74.7	84.7
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,740	12,230	13,200	12,740	12,230	13,200
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,340	1,230	1,115	11.4	11.9	10.9
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,430	6,230	8,760	7,430	6,230	8,760
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	5,840	3,230	2,610	28.3	31.2	25.5
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,180	6,610	7,900	7,180	6,610	7,900
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	20,600	10,365	10,230	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	7,255	4,065	3,185	35.2	39.2	31.1
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	61,600	71,500	50,800	61,600	71,500	50,800
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	74,400	87,000	58,400	74,400	87,000	58,400
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	6,190	3,115	3,075	30.0	30.1	30.1
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	24,000	32,800	18,200	24,000	32,800	18,200
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	36,360	46,440	26,200	36,360	46,440	26,200
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	81.2	86.0	73.6	81.2	86.0	73.6
Employment income (%)¹⁹	71.2	76.0	63.9	71.2	76.0	63.9
Government transfers (%)²⁰	18.8	14.0	26.4	18.8	14.0	26.4
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.6	1.1	2.3	1.6	1.1	2.3
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	4.4	3.5	5.8	4.4	3.5	5.8
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	3.8	3.2	4.8	3.8	3.2	4.8
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	20,665	10,380	10,280	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	280	130	150	1.4	1.3	1.5
With total income	20,385	10,255	10,130	98.6	98.8	98.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,190	460	730	5.8	4.5	7.2
$10,000 to $19,999	2,325	875	1,445	11.4	8.5	14.3
$20,000 to $29,999	3,320	1,355	1,970	16.3	13.2	19.4
$30,000 to $39,999	2,545	1,020	1,520	12.5	9.9	15.0
$40,000 to $49,999	2,440	1,105	1,340	12.0	10.8	13.2
$50,000 to $59,999	2,080	1,100	980	10.2	10.7	9.7
$60,000 to $69,999	1,530	880	655	7.5	8.6	6.5
$70,000 to $79,999	1,075	690	385	5.3	6.7	3.8
$80,000 to $89,999	935	530	400	4.6	5.2	3.9
$90,000 to $99,999	650	410	240	3.2	4.0	2.4
$100,000 and over	2,290	1,825	465	11.2	17.8	4.6
$100,000 to $149,999	1,660	1,295	370	8.1	12.6	3.7
$150,000 and over	635	530	100	3.1	5.2	1.0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	20,665	10,380	10,280	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	275	125	150	1.3	1.2	1.5
With after-tax income	20,385	10,255	10,135	98.6	98.8	98.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,255	485	770	6.2	4.7	7.6
$10,000 to $19,999	2,460	940	1,520	12.1	9.2	15.0
$20,000 to $29,999	3,850	1,575	2,280	18.9	15.4	22.5
$30,000 to $39,999	3,230	1,385	1,840	15.8	13.5	18.2
$40,000 to $49,999	3,035	1,585	1,450	14.9	15.5	14.3
$50,000 to $59,999	2,110	1,235	875	10.4	12.0	8.6
$60,000 to $69,999	1,395	835	565	6.8	8.1	5.6
$70,000 to $79,999	1,010	620	390	5.0	6.0	3.8
$80,000 to $89,999	695	505	190	3.4	4.9	1.9
$90,000 to $99,999	490	380	105	2.4	3.7	1.0
$100,000 and over	855	715	135	4.2	7.0	1.3
$100,000 to $124,999	500	430	75	2.5	4.2	0.7
$125,000 and over	350	290	65	1.7	2.8	0.6
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	20,665	10,380	10,280	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	5,685	2,370	3,315	27.5	22.8	32.2
With employment income	14,975	8,010	6,965	72.5	77.2	67.8
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,435	680	750	9.6	8.5	10.8
$5,000 to $9,999	1,150	510	640	7.7	6.4	9.2
$10,000 to $19,999	1,710	680	1,030	11.4	8.5	14.8
$20,000 to $29,999	1,395	555	840	9.3	6.9	12.1
$30,000 to $39,999	1,555	690	870	10.4	8.6	12.5
$40,000 to $49,999	1,505	700	800	10.1	8.7	11.5
$50,000 to $59,999	1,240	720	520	8.3	9.0	7.5
$60,000 to $69,999	1,045	640	405	7.0	8.0	5.8
$70,000 to $79,999	755	495	265	5.0	6.2	3.8
$80,000 to $89,999	750	405	345	5.0	5.1	5.0
$90,000 to $99,999	485	345	145	3.2	4.3	2.1
$100,000 and over	1,945	1,580	365	13.0	19.7	5.2
$100,000 to $124,999	885	675	210	5.9	8.4	3.0
$125,000 and over	1,060	910	155	7.1	11.4	2.2
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	20,660	10,385	10,275	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	20,170	10,140	10,030	97.6	97.6	97.6
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,800	51,200	32,400	40,800	51,200	32,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	20,170	10,145	10,030	97.6	97.7	97.6
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,600	43,200	29,400	35,600	43,200	29,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	18,100	9,355	8,745	87.6	90.1	85.1
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	37,200	49,600	28,800	37,200	49,600	28,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	15,205	8,120	7,090	73.6	78.2	69.0
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,200	53,600	32,000	41,200	53,600	32,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	14,740	6,650	8,090	71.3	64.0	78.7
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,800	8,000	9,200	8,800	8,000	9,200
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	2,450	1,265	1,180	11.9	12.2	11.5
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,080	5,000	5,080	5,080	5,000	5,080
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	20,600	10,365	10,235	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	20,095	10,140	9,955	97.5	97.8	97.3
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	52,550	65,100	39,800	52,550	65,100	39,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	20,100	10,150	9,955	97.6	97.9	97.3
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,240	50,360	33,920	42,240	50,360	33,920
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	18,040	9,315	8,720	87.6	89.9	85.2
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	50,280	63,800	35,840	50,280	63,800	35,840
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	15,055	8,000	7,050	73.1	77.2	68.9
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	53,250	66,000	38,760	53,250	66,000	38,760
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	14,635	6,580	8,055	71.0	63.5	78.7
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,180	9,980	10,330	10,180	9,980	10,330
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,255	1,120	1,135	10.9	10.8	11.1
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,870	6,220	7,500	6,870	6,220	7,500
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	20,600	10,365	10,230	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	7,245	4,065	3,175	35.2	39.2	31.0
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	59,200	70,500	48,000	59,200	70,500	48,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	71,800	85,900	53,750	71,800	85,900	53,750
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	5,880	2,995	2,890	28.5	28.9	28.3
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	28,400	38,800	23,600	28,400	38,800	23,600
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	41,240	52,000	30,080	41,240	52,000	30,080
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	85.8	90.0	79.0	85.8	90.0	79.0
Employment income (%)	75.8	80.0	69.0	75.8	80.0	69.0
Government transfers (%)	14.1	10.0	21.0	14.1	10.0	21.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.5	1.1	2.2	1.5	1.1	2.2
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	12,075	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	70,000	...	...	70,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	60,000	...	...	60,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	4,935	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	38,400	...	...	38,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	34,000	...	...	34,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	7,145	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	105,000	...	...	105,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	88,000	...	...	88,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	12,085	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	91,900	...	...	91,900	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	74,500	...	...	74,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	4,955	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	47,680	...	...	47,680	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	39,560	...	...	39,560	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	7,130	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	122,600	...	...	122,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	98,700	...	...	98,700	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	12,075	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	75	...	...	0.6	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	75	...	...	0.6	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	185	...	...	1.5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	290	...	...	2.4	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	895	...	...	7.4	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	550	...	...	4.6	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	445	...	...	3.7	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	645	...	...	5.3	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	545	...	...	4.5	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	560	...	...	4.6	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	990	...	...	8.2	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	810	...	...	6.7	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	735	...	...	6.1	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	630	...	...	5.2	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	545	...	...	4.5	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,115	...	...	34.1	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,135	...	...	9.4	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	925	...	...	7.7	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,165	...	...	9.6	...	...
$200,000 and over	880	...	...	7.3	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	12,075	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	80	...	...	0.7	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	80	...	...	0.7	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	190	...	...	1.6	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	305	...	...	2.5	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	955	...	...	7.9	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	655	...	...	5.4	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	620	...	...	5.1	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	745	...	...	6.2	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	710	...	...	5.9	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	640	...	...	5.3	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,070	...	...	8.9	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	905	...	...	7.5	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	775	...	...	6.4	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	710	...	...	5.9	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	625	...	...	5.2	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,010	...	...	24.9	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,170	...	...	9.7	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	845	...	...	7.0	...	...
$150,000 and over	990	...	...	8.2	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	6,905	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	105,000	...	...	105,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	88,000	...	...	88,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	3,210	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	89,000	...	...	89,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	76,000	...	...	76,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	2,470	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	150,000	...	...	150,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	121,000	...	...	121,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,075	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	64,500	...	...	64,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	57,600	...	...	57,600	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	5,555	2,920	2,630	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	38,400	44,800	32,400	38,400	44,800	32,400
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	34,000	38,400	29,800	34,000	38,400	29,800
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	6,880	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	123,300	...	...	123,300	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	99,200	...	...	99,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	3,170	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	105,800	...	...	105,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	85,900	...	...	85,900	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,525	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	166,400	...	...	166,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	131,400	...	...	131,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,040	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	72,200	...	...	72,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	61,800	...	...	61,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	5,575	3,090	2,485	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	47,000	53,350	39,120	47,000	53,350	39,120
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	39,040	43,040	34,040	39,040	43,040	34,040
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	24,870	12,510	12,355	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	4,950	2,530	2,425	19.9	20.2	19.6
0 to 5 years	1,660	835	830	6.7	6.7	6.7
18 to 64 years	15,110	7,720	7,385	60.8	61.7	59.8
65 years and over	4,810	2,260	2,550	19.3	18.1	20.6
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	3,065	1,315	1,760	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	470	220	250	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	185	70	110	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	1,350	625	725	...	...	...
65 years and over	1,250	465	780	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	12.3	10.5	14.2	12.3	10.5	14.2
0 to 17 years (%)	9.4	8.7	10.2	9.4	8.7	10.2
0 to 5 years (%)	10.9	8.8	13.2	10.9	8.8	13.2
18 to 64 years (%)	9.0	8.1	9.9	9.0	8.1	9.9
65 years and over (%)	26.0	20.7	30.7	26.0	20.7	30.7
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	24,870	12,515	12,355	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	4,950	2,525	2,425	19.9	20.2	19.6
0 to 5 years	1,665	835	830	6.7	6.7	6.7
18 to 64 years	15,105	7,725	7,390	60.7	61.7	59.8
65 years and over	4,810	2,265	2,545	19.3	18.1	20.6
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	805	390	420	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	130	65	60	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	50	20	30	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	605	295	310	...	...	...
65 years and over	70	30	40	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.3	3.1	3.4	3.3	3.1	3.4
0 to 17 years (%)	2.6	2.7	2.6	2.6	2.7	2.6
0 to 5 years (%)	2.9	2.6	3.2	2.9	2.6	3.2
18 to 64 years (%)	4.0	3.8	4.2	4.0	3.8	4.2
65 years and over (%)	1.4	1.3	1.6	1.4	1.3	1.6
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	24,870	12,510	12,355	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	13,020	6,265	6,755	52.4	50.1	54.7
In bottom decile	2,515	1,090	1,425	10.1	8.7	11.5
In second decile	2,720	1,230	1,490	10.9	9.8	12.1
In third decile	2,545	1,220	1,325	10.2	9.8	10.7
In fourth decile	2,620	1,335	1,280	10.5	10.7	10.4
In fifth decile	2,615	1,380	1,230	10.5	11.0	10.0
In top half of the distribution	11,850	6,245	5,600	47.6	49.9	45.3
In sixth decile	2,540	1,340	1,205	10.2	10.7	9.8
In seventh decile	2,375	1,230	1,140	9.5	9.8	9.2
In eighth decile	2,540	1,335	1,205	10.2	10.7	9.8
In ninth decile	2,460	1,310	1,145	9.9	10.5	9.3
In top decile	1,935	1,025	905	7.8	8.2	7.3
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	24,870	...	...	24,870	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.326	...	...	0.326	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.449	...	...	0.449	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.281	...	...	0.281	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.7	...	...	3.7	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	25,205	12,650	12,560	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	280	150	135	1.1	1.2	1.1
French only	15,675	7,295	8,380	62.2	57.7	66.7
English and French	9,225	5,195	4,035	36.6	41.1	32.1
Neither English nor French	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	25,205	12,650	12,560	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	970	510	455	3.8	4.0	3.6
French	24,025	12,030	11,995	95.3	95.1	95.5
English and French	190	95	95	0.8	0.8	0.8
Neither English nor French	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	25,205	12,650	12,560	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	24,705	12,360	12,345	98.0	97.7	98.3
Official languages	24,000	11,990	12,010	95.2	94.8	95.6
English	700	360	340	2.8	2.8	2.7
French	23,295	11,625	11,670	92.4	91.9	92.9
Non-official languages	705	365	335	2.8	2.9	2.7
Indigenous languages³⁹	175	70	105	0.7	0.6	0.8
Algonquian languages	175	70	105	0.7	0.6	0.8
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	85	30	50	0.3	0.2	0.4
Atikamekw	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	80	35	50	0.3	0.3	0.4
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	40	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	90	40	50	0.4	0.3	0.4
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	90	40	55	0.4	0.3	0.4
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	530	295	235	2.1	2.3	1.9
Afro-Asiatic languages	155	90	65	0.6	0.7	0.5
Berber languages	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Kabyle	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	140	85	55	0.6	0.7	0.4
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	140	85	55	0.6	0.7	0.4
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	50	30	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	45	30	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	20	5	5	0.1	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	20	5	5	0.1	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	200	110	90	0.8	0.9	0.7
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	50	35	15	0.2	0.3	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	45	35	15	0.2	0.3	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	30	25	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Russian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	130	65	65	0.5	0.5	0.5
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	25	15	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Portuguese	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Romanian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	85	35	45	0.3	0.3	0.4
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	85	40	45	0.3	0.3	0.4
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	30	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Chinese languages	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	500	290	210	2.0	2.3	1.7
English and French	315	185	130	1.2	1.5	1.0
English and non-official language(s)	45	25	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	105	60	45	0.4	0.5	0.4
English, French and non-official language(s)	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	25,205	12,650	12,560	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	455	245	210	1.8	1.9	1.7
French	22,795	11,360	11,435	90.4	89.8	91.0
Non-official language	120	60	60	0.5	0.5	0.5
Indigenous³⁹	35	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-Indigenous	90	45	40	0.4	0.4	0.3
English and French	1,185	635	545	4.7	5.0	4.3
English and non-official language(s)	130	70	55	0.5	0.6	0.4
French and non-official language(s)	345	185	160	1.4	1.5	1.3
English, French and non-official language(s)	170	90	85	0.7	0.7	0.7
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	25,205	12,650	12,560	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	24,800	12,455	12,350	98.4	98.5	98.3
Official languages	24,530	12,305	12,230	97.3	97.3	97.4
English	675	360	320	2.7	2.8	2.5
French	23,855	11,940	11,910	94.6	94.4	94.8
Non-official languages	270	150	120	1.1	1.2	1.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	55	30	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Algonquian languages	55	30	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	210	125	90	0.8	1.0	0.7
Afro-Asiatic languages	65	40	30	0.3	0.3	0.2
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	65	30	30	0.3	0.2	0.2
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	65	30	30	0.3	0.2	0.2
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	35	30	5	0.1	0.2	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	35	30	5	0.1	0.2	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	75	35	40	0.3	0.3	0.3
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	65	30	35	0.3	0.2	0.3
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	55	25	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	20	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	405	200	205	1.6	1.6	1.6
English and French	275	145	135	1.1	1.1	1.1
English and non-official language(s)	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	70	30	40	0.3	0.2	0.3
English, French and non-official language(s)	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	25,205	12,650	12,560	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	23,735	11,845	11,890	94.2	93.6	94.7
English	835	465	375	3.3	3.7	3.0
French	225	125	100	0.9	1.0	0.8
Non-official language	270	140	125	1.1	1.1	1.0
Indigenous³⁹	85	35	50	0.3	0.3	0.4
Non-Indigenous	180	105	75	0.7	0.8	0.6
English and French	20	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	65	40	30	0.3	0.3	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	40	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	20	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	24,835	12,485	12,350	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	24,810	12,475	12,340	99.9	99.9	99.9
English	9,440	5,180	4,255	38.0	41.5	34.5
French	24,530	12,315	12,215	98.8	98.6	98.9
Non-official languages	1,530	795	730	6.2	6.4	5.9
Indigenous languages³⁹	310	130	180	1.2	1.0	1.5
Algonquian languages	310	130	180	1.2	1.0	1.5
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	160	60	100	0.6	0.5	0.8
Atikamekw	25	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Cree languages	135	50	85	0.5	0.4	0.7
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	75	35	50	0.3	0.3	0.4
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	170	80	90	0.7	0.6	0.7
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	160	75	90	0.6	0.6	0.7
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,220	665	550	4.9	5.3	4.5
Afro-Asiatic languages	235	145	90	0.9	1.2	0.7
Berber languages	35	25	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Kabyle	35	25	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	220	130	90	0.9	1.0	0.7
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	220	130	90	0.9	1.0	0.7
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	65	40	20	0.3	0.3	0.2
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	65	40	20	0.3	0.3	0.2
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	70	45	15	0.3	0.4	0.1
Haitian Creole	45	35	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	640	315	320	2.6	2.5	2.6
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	60	35	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	60	35	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	35	25	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Russian	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	60	30	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	55	30	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
German	55	30	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	535	265	280	2.2	2.1	2.3
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	40	30	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Portuguese	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	490	225	265	2.0	1.8	2.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	225	135	90	0.9	1.1	0.7
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	25	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	55	30	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	40	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Luba-Kasai	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mòoré	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Wojenaka	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Wolof	80	55	25	0.3	0.4	0.2
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	40	25	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Chinese languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	24,835	12,485	12,345	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	1,375	695	690	5.5	5.6	5.6
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	1,330	675	660	5.4	5.4	5.3
First Nations (North American Indian)	885	420	470	3.6	3.4	3.8
Métis	435	245	195	1.8	2.0	1.6
Inuk (Inuit)	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	35	20	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Non-Indigenous identity	23,455	11,790	11,665	94.4	94.4	94.5
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	24,835	12,485	12,345	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	900	435	465	3.6	3.5	3.8
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	23,930	12,050	11,880	96.4	96.5	96.2
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	12,080	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	6,515	...	...	53.9	...	...
Renter	5,570	...	...	46.1	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	12,080	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	1,300	...	...	10.8	...	...
Not condominium	10,790	...	...	89.3	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	12,080	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	115	...	...	1.0	...	...
1 bedroom	2,150	...	...	17.8	...	...
2 bedrooms	3,465	...	...	28.7	...	...
3 bedrooms	3,960	...	...	32.8	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	2,385	...	...	19.7	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	12,080	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	4,490	...	...	37.2	...	...
5 rooms	2,350	...	...	19.5	...	...
6 rooms	1,120	...	...	9.3	...	...
7 rooms	1,180	...	...	9.8	...	...
8 or more rooms	2,940	...	...	24.3	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.7	...	...	5.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	12,080	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	12,025	...	...	99.5	...	...
More than one person per room	60	...	...	0.5	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	12,080	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	11,850	...	...	98.1	...	...
Not suitable	240	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	12,080	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	2,700	...	...	22.4	...	...
1961 to 1980	4,175	...	...	34.6	...	...
1981 to 1990	2,300	...	...	19.0	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,250	...	...	10.3	...	...
2001 to 2005	195	...	...	1.6	...	...
2006 to 2010	435	...	...	3.6	...	...
2011 to 2015	655	...	...	5.4	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	365	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	12,080	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	11,375	...	...	94.2	...	...
Major repairs needed	705	...	...	5.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	12,080	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	7,290	...	...	60.3	...	...
Two-maintainer household	4,625	...	...	38.3	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	165	...	...	1.4	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	12,080	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	560	...	...	4.6	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,885	...	...	15.6	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,865	...	...	15.4	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,745	...	...	14.4	...	...
55 to 64 years	2,660	...	...	22.0	...	...
65 to 74 years	2,005	...	...	16.6	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,035	...	...	8.6	...	...
85 years and over	320	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	12,060	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	10,410	...	...	86.3	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	1,655	...	...	13.7	...	...
30% to less than 100%	1,515	...	...	12.6	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	12,080	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	2,450	...	...	20.3	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	1,555	...	...	12.9	...	...
Not suitable only	190	...	...	1.6	...	...
Major repairs needed only	565	...	...	4.7	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	95	...	...	0.8	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	45	...	...	0.4	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	9,630	...	...	79.7	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	11,925	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	365	...	...	3.1	...	...
Not in core need	11,560	...	...	96.9	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	6,515	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	60.9	...	...	60.9	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	6.9	...	...	6.9	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.5	...	...	0.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,110	...	...	1,110	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,148	...	...	1,148	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	280,000	...	...	280,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	300,400	...	...	300,400	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	5,570	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	12.1	...	...	12.1	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	21.7	...	...	21.7	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	6.2	...	...	6.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	710	...	...	710	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	770	...	...	770	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	24,830	12,485	12,350	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	1,205	575	630	4.9	4.6	5.1
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	1,180	555	625	4.8	4.4	5.1
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	1,025	490	535	4.1	3.9	4.3
Métis single ancestry	155	70	85	0.6	0.6	0.7
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	25	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	25	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	1,020	460	565	4.1	3.7	4.6
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	995	450	545	4.0	3.6	4.4
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	855	380	475	3.4	3.0	3.8
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	130	60	70	0.5	0.5	0.6
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	25	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	22,605	11,450	11,160	91.0	91.7	90.4
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	24,835	12,480	12,350	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	24,310	12,210	12,100	97.9	97.8	98.0
Canadian citizens aged under 18	4,905	2,455	2,450	19.8	19.7	19.8
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	19,410	9,755	9,655	78.2	78.2	78.2
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	520	270	250	2.1	2.2	2.0
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	24,835	12,480	12,350	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	23,940	11,985	11,950	96.4	96.0	96.8
Immigrants⁸¹	670	350	320	2.7	2.8	2.6
Before 1980	75	45	30	0.3	0.4	0.2
1980 to 1990	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
1991 to 2000	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
2001 to 2010	100	65	35	0.4	0.5	0.3
2011 to 2021⁸²	450	210	235	1.8	1.7	1.9
2011 to 2015	220	110	115	0.9	0.9	0.9
2016 to 2021	230	110	120	0.9	0.9	1.0
Non-permanent residents⁸³	230	150	80	0.9	1.2	0.6
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	670	350	320	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	90	55	35	13.4	15.7	10.9
5 to 14 years	100	35	70	14.9	10.0	21.9
15 to 24 years	80	35	45	11.9	10.0	14.1
25 to 44 years	375	210	160	56.0	60.0	50.0
45 years and over	25	10	10	3.7	2.9	3.1
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	670	350	320	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	115	50	70	17.2	14.3	21.9
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	30	10	20	4.5	2.9	6.3
El Salvador	15	0	15	2.2	0.0	4.7
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	45	30	20	6.7	8.6	6.3
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	10	0	0	1.5	0.0	0.0
Europe	140	90	50	20.9	25.7	15.6
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	75	50	25	11.2	14.3	7.8
Germany	15	0	10	2.2	0.0	3.1
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	10	0	0	1.5	0.0	0.0
Portugal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	10	10	0	1.5	2.9	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	20	15	0	3.0	4.3	0.0
Africa	380	200	175	56.7	57.1	54.7
Algeria	35	15	20	5.2	4.3	6.3
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	30	15	15	4.5	4.3	4.7
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	40	35	10	6.0	10.0	3.1
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	270	135	135	40.3	38.6	42.2
Asia	35	10	20	5.2	2.9	6.3
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	225	105	115	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	10	10	0	4.4	9.5	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	10	10	0	4.4	9.5	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	25	20	10	11.1	19.0	8.7
France	25	20	10	11.1	19.0	8.7
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	180	75	100	80.0	71.4	87.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	30	10	20	13.3	9.5	17.4
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	65	30	35	28.9	28.6	30.4
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	10	10	0	4.4	9.5	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	20	10	10	8.9	9.5	8.7
Other places of birth in Africa	45	20	20	20.0	19.0	17.4
Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	24,835	12,485	12,350	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	980	550	435	3.9	4.4	3.5
Second generation¹⁰¹	830	415	415	3.3	3.3	3.4
Third generation or more¹⁰²	23,030	11,525	11,505	92.7	92.3	93.2
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	595	310	290	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	350	215	135	58.8	69.4	46.6
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	190	155	40	31.9	50.0	13.8
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	160	60	95	26.9	19.4	32.8
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	215	70	150	36.1	22.6	51.7
Refugees¹⁰⁸	30	20	10	5.0	6.5	3.4
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	595	310	290	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	25	10	20	4.2	3.2	6.9
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	55	35	20	9.2	11.3	6.9
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	20	10	15	3.4	3.2	5.2
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	40	25	20	6.7	8.1	6.9
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	445	230	220	74.8	74.2	75.9
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	24,835	12,485	12,345	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	1,045	590	455	4.2	4.7	3.7
South Asian	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Chinese	40	15	30	0.2	0.1	0.2
Black	630	380	245	2.5	3.0	2.0
Filipino	60	35	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
Arab	200	110	90	0.8	0.9	0.7
Latin American	80	30	60	0.3	0.2	0.5
Southeast Asian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple visible minorities	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	23,790	11,895	11,890	95.8	95.3	96.3
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	24,835	12,480	12,350	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	9,730	4,860	4,870	39.2	38.9	39.4
English	255	125	125	1.0	1.0	1.0
Irish	990	520	470	4.0	4.2	3.8
Scottish	325	185	145	1.3	1.5	1.2
French, n.o.s.¹²²	5,030	2,585	2,450	20.3	20.7	19.8
German	265	125	140	1.1	1.0	1.1
Chinese	55	20	35	0.2	0.2	0.3
Italian	240	135	105	1.0	1.1	0.9
Indian (India)	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Ukrainian	50	40	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Dutch	50	30	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Polish	195	95	100	0.8	0.8	0.8
Québécois	3,600	1,780	1,815	14.5	14.3	14.7
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	80	50	25	0.3	0.4	0.2
Filipino	55	40	15	0.2	0.3	0.1
French Canadian	2,520	1,205	1,310	10.1	9.7	10.6
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	870	450	425	3.5	3.6	3.4
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	730	350	380	2.9	2.8	3.1
Métis	325	155	175	1.3	1.2	1.4
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	390	200	190	1.6	1.6	1.5
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
American	140	50	90	0.6	0.4	0.7
Spanish	70	35	30	0.3	0.3	0.2
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	20	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Acadian	210	85	125	0.8	0.7	1.0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	105	70	35	0.4	0.6	0.3
Jewish	45	20	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	80	45	40	0.3	0.4	0.3
Greek	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Jamaican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	265	105	155	1.1	0.8	1.3
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanese	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	345	165	180	1.4	1.3	1.5
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	160	80	90	0.6	0.6	0.7
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Belgian	85	45	30	0.3	0.4	0.2
Haitian	50	35	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mennonite	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	65	25	40	0.3	0.2	0.3
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombian	50	25	35	0.2	0.2	0.3
Moroccan	65	35	30	0.3	0.3	0.2
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Ojibway	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	20	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	65	40	25	0.3	0.3	0.2
Brazilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	600	285	315	2.4	2.3	2.6
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	70	50	20	0.3	0.4	0.2
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	15	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	20	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	55	0	45	0.2	0.0	0.4
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	30	20	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	40	15	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	50	30	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	30	20	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Norman	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	55	30	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	25	20	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	60	50	15	0.2	0.4	0.1
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	55	30	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Bamileke	25	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	20	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	24,835	12,485	12,350	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Christian	17,450	8,605	8,845	70.3	68.9	71.6
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	870	460	410	3.5	3.7	3.3
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	60	20	35	0.2	0.2	0.3
Baptist	90	40	45	0.4	0.3	0.4
Catholic	16,010	7,875	8,135	64.5	63.1	65.9
Christian Orthodox	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jehovah's Witness	80	35	45	0.3	0.3	0.4
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lutheran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	185	85	95	0.7	0.7	0.8
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	150	80	65	0.6	0.6	0.5
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	385	225	160	1.6	1.8	1.3
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Other religions and spiritual traditions	35	30	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
No religion and secular perspectives	6,915	3,595	3,315	27.8	28.8	26.8
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	24,560	12,330	12,230	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	21,890	11,050	10,840	89.1	89.6	88.6
Movers	2,665	1,280	1,390	10.9	10.4	11.4
Non-migrants	1,925	970	950	7.8	7.9	7.8
Migrants	745	310	440	3.0	2.5	3.6
Internal migrants	715	295	425	2.9	2.4	3.5
Intraprovincial migrants	690	280	410	2.8	2.3	3.4
Interprovincial migrants	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
External migrants	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	23,475	11,760	11,715	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	14,310	7,165	7,150	61.0	60.9	61.0
Movers	9,165	4,595	4,570	39.0	39.1	39.0
Non-migrants	5,765	2,970	2,800	24.6	25.3	23.9
Migrants	3,395	1,630	1,770	14.5	13.9	15.1
Internal migrants	3,050	1,440	1,605	13.0	12.2	13.7
Intraprovincial migrants	2,940	1,380	1,560	12.5	11.7	13.3
Interprovincial migrants	105	60	45	0.4	0.5	0.4
External migrants	350	185	165	1.5	1.6	1.4
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	20,605	10,365	10,230	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	6,060	3,390	2,670	29.4	32.7	26.1
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	14,545	6,975	7,565	70.6	67.3	73.9
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	13,185	6,700	6,485	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	2,955	1,730	1,225	22.4	25.8	18.9
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	10,230	4,970	5,260	77.6	74.2	81.1
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	20,600	10,365	10,235	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	5,235	2,800	2,430	25.4	27.0	23.7
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	4,515	2,120	2,395	21.9	20.5	23.4
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	10,850	5,445	5,410	52.7	52.5	52.9
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	7,715	4,170	3,545	37.5	40.2	34.6
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	4,220	2,635	1,585	20.5	25.4	15.5
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	3,185	1,835	1,355	15.5	17.7	13.2
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	1,035	800	230	5.0	7.7	2.2
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	2,970	1,345	1,620	14.4	13.0	15.8
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	525	190	340	2.5	1.8	3.3
Bachelor's degree or higher	3,140	1,275	1,865	15.2	12.3	18.2
Bachelor's degree	2,300	855	1,440	11.2	8.2	14.1
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	250	85	160	1.2	0.8	1.6
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	80	35	40	0.4	0.3	0.4
Master's degree	410	225	185	2.0	2.2	1.8
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	105	65	35	0.5	0.6	0.3
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	13,185	6,705	6,485	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,370	1,335	1,030	18.0	19.9	15.9
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	2,435	1,220	1,210	18.5	18.2	18.7
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	8,385	4,150	4,235	63.6	61.9	65.3
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	5,755	3,115	2,645	43.6	46.5	40.8
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	3,235	1,990	1,250	24.5	29.7	19.3
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	2,475	1,400	1,075	18.8	20.9	16.6
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	760	590	170	5.8	8.8	2.6
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	2,185	1,015	1,170	16.6	15.1	18.0
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	340	110	230	2.6	1.6	3.5
Bachelor's degree or higher	2,625	1,040	1,590	19.9	15.5	24.5
Bachelor's degree	1,920	700	1,215	14.6	10.4	18.7
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	185	55	125	1.4	0.8	1.9
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	70	35	40	0.5	0.5	0.6
Master's degree	370	200	170	2.8	3.0	2.6
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	85	50	40	0.6	0.7	0.6
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	20,600	10,365	10,235	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	9,750	4,920	4,825	47.3	47.5	47.1
Education	920	190	725	4.5	1.8	7.1
13. Education	920	190	725	4.5	1.8	7.1
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	165	80	85	0.8	0.8	0.8
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
50. Visual and performing arts	145	75	70	0.7	0.7	0.7
Humanities	455	200	250	2.2	1.9	2.4
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
23. English language and literature/letters	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	345	150	195	1.7	1.4	1.9
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
54. History	35	20	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Social and behavioural sciences and law	690	130	560	3.3	1.3	5.5
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	100	25	80	0.5	0.2	0.8
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	180	0	175	0.9	0.0	1.7
22. Legal professions and studies	130	35	95	0.6	0.3	0.9
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	30	0	30	0.1	0.0	0.3
42. Psychology	140	25	110	0.7	0.2	1.1
45. Social sciences	90	40	55	0.4	0.4	0.5
Business, management and public administration	2,380	660	1,730	11.6	6.4	16.9
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	265	60	210	1.3	0.6	2.1
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,115	600	1,515	10.3	5.8	14.8
Physical and life sciences and technologies	365	260	110	1.8	2.5	1.1
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	50	30	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	20	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	55	30	25	0.3	0.3	0.2
40. Physical sciences	240	175	60	1.2	1.7	0.6
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	135	100	40	0.7	1.0	0.4
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	120	100	25	0.6	1.0	0.2
25. Library science	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	3,230	2,945	285	15.7	28.4	2.8
04. Architecture and related services	30	20	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
14. Engineering	380	325	55	1.8	3.1	0.5
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	1,100	970	130	5.3	9.4	1.3
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	610	580	30	3.0	5.6	0.3
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	765	725	45	3.7	7.0	0.4
48. Precision production	345	325	20	1.7	3.1	0.2
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	270	160	105	1.3	1.5	1.0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	90	20	70	0.4	0.2	0.7
03. Natural resources and conservation	185	145	45	0.9	1.4	0.4
Health and related fields	1,335	240	1,090	6.5	2.3	10.6
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	60	25	30	0.3	0.2	0.3
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,235	190	1,045	6.0	1.8	10.2
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	40	25	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Personal, protective and transportation services	910	485	425	4.4	4.7	4.2
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	430	100	335	2.1	1.0	3.3
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	155	110	45	0.8	1.1	0.4
49. Transportation and materials moving	330	280	45	1.6	2.7	0.4
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	13,190	6,705	6,485	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	4,800	2,555	2,250	36.4	38.1	34.7
Education	635	110	515	4.8	1.6	7.9
13. Education	635	110	515	4.8	1.6	7.9
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	145	75	70	1.1	1.1	1.1
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	125	70	55	0.9	1.0	0.8
Humanities	280	130	155	2.1	1.9	2.4
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	200	80	120	1.5	1.2	1.9
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
54. History	25	20	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Social and behavioural sciences and law	545	95	450	4.1	1.4	6.9
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	85	20	65	0.6	0.3	1.0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	160	0	150	1.2	0.0	2.3
22. Legal professions and studies	80	20	60	0.6	0.3	0.9
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
42. Psychology	130	20	110	1.0	0.3	1.7
45. Social sciences	70	30	40	0.5	0.4	0.6
Business, management and public administration	1,825	420	1,400	13.8	6.3	21.6
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	225	55	175	1.7	0.8	2.7
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,600	375	1,230	12.1	5.6	19.0
Physical and life sciences and technologies	275	205	70	2.1	3.1	1.1
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	35	30	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
40. Physical sciences	215	160	60	1.6	2.4	0.9
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	125	95	30	0.9	1.4	0.5
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	105	95	15	0.8	1.4	0.2
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	2,570	2,335	230	19.5	34.8	3.5
04. Architecture and related services	30	20	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
14. Engineering	320	265	55	2.4	4.0	0.8
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	830	740	90	6.3	11.0	1.4
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	475	455	20	3.6	6.8	0.3
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	645	610	40	4.9	9.1	0.6
48. Precision production	275	255	15	2.1	3.8	0.2
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	225	130	100	1.7	1.9	1.5
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	75	15	60	0.6	0.2	0.9
03. Natural resources and conservation	150	115	35	1.1	1.7	0.5
Health and related fields	1,050	185	860	8.0	2.8	13.3
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	50	20	25	0.4	0.3	0.4
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	965	145	820	7.3	2.2	12.6
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	35	20	15	0.3	0.3	0.2
Personal, protective and transportation services	710	360	350	5.4	5.4	5.4
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	350	70	280	2.7	1.0	4.3
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	130	90	40	1.0	1.3	0.6
49. Transportation and materials moving	230	205	30	1.7	3.1	0.5
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	13,190	6,705	6,485	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,800	2,555	2,250	36.4	38.1	34.7
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	8,385	4,150	4,235	63.6	61.9	65.3
Location of study inside Canada	8,025	3,930	4,095	60.8	58.6	63.1
Same as province or territory of residence	7,780	3,790	3,990	59.0	56.5	61.5
Different than province or territory of residence	240	140	100	1.8	2.1	1.5
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	365	225	140	2.8	3.4	2.2
Americas	35	15	20	0.3	0.2	0.3
United States of America	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	20	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	85	55	30	0.6	0.8	0.5
Belgium	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
France	70	40	25	0.5	0.6	0.4
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	180	105	80	1.4	1.6	1.2
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	25	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Morocco	40	30	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
Tunisia	30	20	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	85	50	45	0.6	0.7	0.7
Asia	55	45	15	0.4	0.7	0.2
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	45	35	10	0.3	0.5	0.2
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	20,600	10,365	10,235	...	...	...
In the labour force	13,445	7,155	6,290	...	...	...
Employed	12,805	6,800	6,005	...	...	...
Unemployed	640	355	285	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	7,160	3,210	3,945	...	...	...
Participation rate	65.3	69.0	61.5	65.3	69.0	61.5
Employment rate	62.2	65.6	58.7	62.2	65.6	58.7
Unemployment rate	4.8	5.0	4.5	4.8	5.0	4.5
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	20,600	10,365	10,235	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	6,850	3,015	3,835	33.3	29.1	37.5
Worked	13,750	7,350	6,400	66.7	70.9	62.5
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	7,375	4,130	3,245	35.8	39.8	31.7
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	6,380	3,220	3,160	31.0	31.1	30.9
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.7	42.3	41.0	41.7	42.3	41.0
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	13,440	7,155	6,285	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	190	85	105	1.4	1.2	1.7
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	13,255	7,070	6,185	98.6	98.8	98.4
Employee	12,220	6,475	5,745	90.9	90.5	91.4
Permanent position	10,440	5,635	4,805	77.7	78.8	76.5
Temporary position	1,775	835	945	13.2	11.7	15.0
Fixed term (1 year or more)	660	260	400	4.9	3.6	6.4
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	1,120	575	545	8.3	8.0	8.7
Self-employed¹⁹²	1,035	595	440	7.7	8.3	7.0
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	13,440	7,155	6,285	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	190	85	105	1.4	1.2	1.7
All occupations¹⁹¹	13,255	7,070	6,185	98.6	98.8	98.4
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	205	170	30	1.5	2.4	0.5
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,975	500	1,470	14.7	7.0	23.4
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,000	800	195	7.4	11.2	3.1
3 Health occupations	1,055	175	885	7.8	2.4	14.1
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,595	380	1,220	11.9	5.3	19.4
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	235	155	80	1.7	2.2	1.3
6 Sales and service occupations	3,230	1,270	1,965	24.0	17.7	31.3
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,600	2,400	205	19.3	33.5	3.3
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	885	820	60	6.6	11.5	1.0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	475	395	80	3.5	5.5	1.3
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	13,440	7,155	6,285	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	190	85	105	1.4	1.2	1.7
All industries¹⁹¹	13,255	7,070	6,185	98.6	98.8	98.4
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	155	115	45	1.2	1.6	0.7
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	1,910	1,605	310	14.2	22.4	4.9
22 Utilities	120	110	10	0.9	1.5	0.2
23 Construction	670	580	95	5.0	8.1	1.5
31-33 Manufacturing	850	685	165	6.3	9.6	2.6
41 Wholesale trade	405	300	110	3.0	4.2	1.8
44-45 Retail trade	1,535	650	890	11.4	9.1	14.2
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	650	480	175	4.8	6.7	2.8
51 Information and cultural industries	260	165	95	1.9	2.3	1.5
52 Finance and insurance	260	90	165	1.9	1.3	2.6
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	130	85	45	1.0	1.2	0.7
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	800	405	390	6.0	5.7	6.2
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	525	295	230	3.9	4.1	3.7
61 Educational services	930	205	725	6.9	2.9	11.5
62 Health care and social assistance	1,860	315	1,550	13.8	4.4	24.7
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	115	75	40	0.9	1.0	0.6
72 Accommodation and food services	835	305	530	6.2	4.3	8.4
81 Other services (except public administration)	640	320	315	4.8	4.5	5.0
91 Public administration	600	285	320	4.5	4.0	5.1
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	14,555	7,725	6,830	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	245	150	95	1.7	1.9	1.4
French	11,675	6,190	5,480	80.2	80.1	80.2
Non-official language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	2,575	1,360	1,215	17.7	17.6	17.8
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	45	15	35	0.3	0.2	0.5
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	14,555	7,725	6,830	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	14,260	7,565	6,695	98.0	97.9	98.0
Official languages	14,260	7,565	6,690	98.0	97.9	98.0
English	495	300	200	3.4	3.9	2.9
French	13,765	7,270	6,495	94.6	94.1	95.1
Non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	290	155	140	2.0	2.0	2.0
English and French	285	155	135	2.0	2.0	2.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	14,555	7,725	6,830	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	12,205	6,500	5,705	83.9	84.1	83.5
English	2,065	1,060	1,005	14.2	13.7	14.7
French	230	140	90	1.6	1.8	1.3
Non-official language	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Indigenous³⁹	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Non-Indigenous	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	12,805	6,800	6,005	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	1,055	440	615	8.2	6.5	10.2
Worked outside Canada	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
No fixed workplace address	1,410	1,085	325	11.0	16.0	5.4
Usual place of work	10,325	5,270	5,055	80.6	77.5	84.2
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	10,330	5,270	5,055	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	8,730	4,160	4,575	84.5	78.9	90.5
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	625	430	195	6.1	8.2	3.9
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	915	620	295	8.9	11.8	5.8
Commute to a different province or territory	60	60	0	0.6	1.1	0.0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	11,735	6,350	5,385	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	10,385	5,620	4,765	88.5	88.5	88.5
Car, truck or van - as a driver	9,750	5,330	4,425	83.1	83.9	82.2
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	635	295	345	5.4	4.6	6.4
Public transit	45	35	15	0.4	0.6	0.3
Walked	775	325	450	6.6	5.1	8.4
Bicycle	105	80	30	0.9	1.3	0.6
Other method	425	290	130	3.6	4.6	2.4
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	11,735	6,350	5,385	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	8,230	3,975	4,255	70.1	62.6	79.0
15 to 29 minutes	1,940	1,185	760	16.5	18.7	14.1
30 to 44 minutes	725	490	235	6.2	7.7	4.4
45 to 59 minutes	385	305	75	3.3	4.8	1.4
60 minutes and over	450	400	55	3.8	6.3	1.0
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	11,735	6,350	5,385	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,175	1,015	160	10.0	16.0	3.0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,715	1,285	430	14.6	20.2	8.0
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	3,705	1,785	1,920	31.6	28.1	35.7
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	2,680	1,000	1,685	22.8	15.7	31.3
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	845	325	525	7.2	5.1	9.7
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,610	945	665	13.7	14.9	12.3
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	5,030	2,580	2,455	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	725	370	355	14.4	14.3	14.5
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	4,305	2,205	2,105	85.6	85.5	85.7
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	3,535	1,830	1,705	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	525	280	250	14.9	15.3	14.7
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	280	145	140	7.9	7.9	8.2
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	250	135	110	7.1	7.4	6.5
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	3,010	1,550	1,460	85.1	84.7	85.6

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
^r
revised

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 18, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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