Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Val-d'OrMore information: Quebec [Census agglomeration]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	34,037	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	33,871	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	0.5	...	...	0.5	...	...
Total private dwellings²	16,227	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	15,375	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	9.6	...	...	9.6	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	3,539.98	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	34,040	17,250	16,790	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	6,090	3,120	2,965	17.9	18.1	17.7
0 to 4 years	2,025	1,045	985	5.9	6.1	5.9
5 to 9 years	1,970	965	1,005	5.8	5.6	6.0
10 to 14 years	2,090	1,115	975	6.1	6.5	5.8
15 to 64 years	21,420	11,000	10,420	62.9	63.8	62.1
15 to 19 years	1,705	910	795	5.0	5.3	4.7
20 to 24 years	1,770	940	830	5.2	5.4	4.9
25 to 29 years	2,105	1,050	1,060	6.2	6.1	6.3
30 to 34 years	2,270	1,175	1,095	6.7	6.8	6.5
35 to 39 years	2,135	1,135	995	6.3	6.6	5.9
40 to 44 years	2,075	1,040	1,030	6.1	6.0	6.1
45 to 49 years	1,985	1,035	950	5.8	6.0	5.7
50 to 54 years	2,015	1,000	1,015	5.9	5.8	6.0
55 to 59 years	2,610	1,345	1,270	7.7	7.8	7.6
60 to 64 years	2,745	1,375	1,370	8.1	8.0	8.2
65 years and over	6,530	3,125	3,405	19.2	18.1	20.3
65 to 69 years	2,190	1,110	1,080	6.4	6.4	6.4
70 to 74 years	1,725	855	875	5.1	5.0	5.2
75 to 79 years	1,215	585	630	3.6	3.4	3.8
80 to 84 years	740	335	410	2.2	1.9	2.4
85 years and over	660	245	410	1.9	1.4	2.4
85 to 89 years	440	180	265	1.3	1.0	1.6
90 to 94 years	175	55	120	0.5	0.3	0.7
95 to 99 years	40	10	30	0.1	0.1	0.2
100 years and over	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	17.9	18.1	17.7	17.9	18.1	17.7
15 to 64 years	62.9	63.8	62.1	62.9	63.8	62.1
65 years and over	19.2	18.1	20.3	19.2	18.1	20.3
85 years and over	1.9	1.4	2.4	1.9	1.4	2.4
Average age of the population	41.8	41.2	42.5	41.8	41.2	42.5
Median age of the population	42.4	41.2	43.2	42.4	41.2	43.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	15,375	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	8,030	...	...	52.2	...	...
Semi-detached house	620	...	...	4.0	...	...
Row house	295	...	...	1.9	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	1,595	...	...	10.4	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	4,350	...	...	28.3	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	225	...	...	1.5	...	...
Other single-attached house	40	...	...	0.3	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	220	...	...	1.4	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	15,375	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	5,665	...	...	36.8	...	...
2 persons	5,365	...	...	34.9	...	...
3 persons	1,830	...	...	11.9	...	...
4 persons	1,560	...	...	10.1	...	...
5 or more persons	955	...	...	6.2	...	...
Number of persons in private households	33,420	17,005	16,420	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	27,950	14,125	13,825	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	16,250	8,140	8,110	58.1	57.6	58.7
Married	7,170	3,615	3,555	25.7	25.6	25.7
Living common-law	9,080	4,525	4,550	32.5	32.0	32.9
Living common law - Never married	7,675	3,840	3,840	27.5	27.2	27.8
Living common law - Separated	100	55	45	0.4	0.4	0.3
Living common law - Divorced	1,145	575	575	4.1	4.1	4.2
Living common law - Widowed	160	60	100	0.6	0.4	0.7
Not married and not living common-law	11,700	5,985	5,715	41.9	42.4	41.3
Not married and not living common law - Never married	8,060	4,645	3,415	28.8	32.9	24.7
Not married and not living common law - Separated	390	185	205	1.4	1.3	1.5
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	1,650	750	895	5.9	5.3	6.5
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	1,600	400	1,200	5.7	2.8	8.7
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	9,440	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	5,380	...	...	57.0	...	...
3 persons	1,745	...	...	18.5	...	...
4 persons	1,535	...	...	16.3	...	...
5 or more persons	790	...	...	8.4	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	9,445	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	8,010	...	...	84.8	...	...
Married couples	3,470	...	...	36.7	...	...
With children⁶	1,215	...	...	12.9	...	...
Without children	2,260	...	...	23.9	...	...
Common-law couples	4,540	...	...	48.1	...	...
With children⁶	2,295	...	...	24.3	...	...
Without children	2,250	...	...	23.8	...	...
Total one-parent families	1,435	...	...	15.2	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	960	...	...	10.2	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	470	...	...	5.0	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	33,420	17,000	16,415	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	26,395	13,240	13,160	79.0	77.9	80.2
Married spouses or common-law partners	16,025	8,005	8,025	48.0	47.1	48.9
Parents in one-parent families	1,430	470	960	4.3	2.8	5.8
Children⁶	8,945	4,765	4,175	26.8	28.0	25.4
In a two-parent family	6,720	3,575	3,145	20.1	21.0	19.2
In a one-parent family	2,220	1,185	1,030	6.6	7.0	6.3
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	7,025	3,765	3,255	21.0	22.1	19.8
Living alone	5,665	3,000	2,665	17.0	17.6	16.2
Living with other relatives⁷	605	315	295	1.8	1.9	1.8
Living with non-relatives only	755	450	300	2.3	2.6	1.8
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	15,375	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	8,845	...	...	57.5	...	...
Couple-family households	7,630	...	...	49.6	...	...
With children⁶	3,330	...	...	21.7	...	...
Without children	4,300	...	...	28.0	...	...
One-parent-family households	1,215	...	...	7.9	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	150	...	...	1.0	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	30	...	...	0.2	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	295	...	...	1.9	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	385	...	...	2.5	...	...
One-person households	5,665	...	...	36.8	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	27,335	13,880	13,455	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	26,835	13,630	13,205	98.2	98.2	98.1
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	44,000	53,600	36,800	44,000	53,600	36,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	26,840	13,630	13,205	98.2	98.2	98.1
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,800	45,200	33,200	38,800	45,200	33,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	23,965	12,500	11,465	87.7	90.1	85.2
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,600	48,800	28,600	37,600	48,800	28,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	19,890	10,655	9,235	72.8	76.8	68.6
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,400	54,400	32,400	42,400	54,400	32,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	21,530	10,155	11,370	78.8	73.2	84.5
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,100	10,000	11,900	11,100	10,000	11,900
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	3,345	1,670	1,675	12.2	12.0	12.4
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,600	5,400	6,000	5,600	5,400	6,000
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	8,100	4,445	3,655	29.6	32.0	27.2
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	5,520	7,000	6,000	5,520	7,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	27,330	13,880	13,455	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	26,865	13,630	13,235	98.3	98.2	98.4
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	56,200	68,700	43,360	56,200	68,700	43,360
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	26,865	13,630	13,235	98.3	98.2	98.4
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	45,360	53,500	37,000	45,360	53,500	37,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	23,985	12,470	11,520	87.8	89.8	85.6
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	51,500	65,100	36,720	51,500	65,100	36,720
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	19,890	10,570	9,325	72.8	76.2	69.3
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	54,600	67,800	39,640	54,600	67,800	39,640
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	21,435	10,135	11,300	78.4	73.0	84.0
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,800	12,220	13,340	12,800	12,220	13,340
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	3,180	1,630	1,550	11.6	11.7	11.5
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,370	6,015	8,800	7,370	6,015	8,800
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	7,870	4,325	3,550	28.8	31.2	26.4
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,210	6,610	7,940	7,210	6,610	7,940
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	27,335	13,880	13,455	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	9,630	5,390	4,240	35.2	38.8	31.5
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	63,200	73,500	51,200	63,200	73,500	51,200
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	77,100	90,900	59,500	77,100	90,900	59,500
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	8,210	4,165	4,045	30.0	30.0	30.1
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	24,000	34,400	18,200	24,000	34,400	18,200
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	37,400	49,000	25,480	37,400	49,000	25,480
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	81.8	86.8	73.8	81.8	86.8	73.8
Employment income (%)¹⁹	72.0	76.6	64.4	72.0	76.6	64.4
Government transfers (%)²⁰	18.2	13.2	26.3	18.2	13.2	26.3
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.6	1.1	2.4	1.6	1.1	2.4
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	4.4	3.4	6.0	4.4	3.4	6.0
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	3.8	3.1	4.9	3.8	3.1	4.9
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	27,330	13,880	13,455	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	500	250	250	1.8	1.8	1.9
With total income	26,835	13,635	13,205	98.2	98.2	98.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,690	675	1,010	6.3	5.0	7.6
$10,000 to $19,999	3,010	1,150	1,860	11.2	8.4	14.1
$20,000 to $29,999	4,140	1,765	2,375	15.4	12.9	18.0
$30,000 to $39,999	3,290	1,325	1,970	12.3	9.7	14.9
$40,000 to $49,999	3,185	1,400	1,790	11.9	10.3	13.6
$50,000 to $59,999	2,685	1,390	1,295	10.0	10.2	9.8
$60,000 to $69,999	2,035	1,145	885	7.6	8.4	6.7
$70,000 to $79,999	1,435	905	525	5.3	6.6	4.0
$80,000 to $89,999	1,240	720	520	4.6	5.3	3.9
$90,000 to $99,999	865	555	310	3.2	4.1	2.3
$100,000 and over	3,265	2,605	655	12.2	19.1	5.0
$100,000 to $149,999	2,335	1,825	510	8.7	13.4	3.9
$150,000 and over	925	775	145	3.4	5.7	1.1
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	27,330	13,880	13,455	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	490	245	245	1.8	1.8	1.8
With after-tax income	26,840	13,635	13,205	98.2	98.2	98.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,780	710	1,070	6.6	5.2	8.1
$10,000 to $19,999	3,170	1,225	1,950	11.8	9.0	14.8
$20,000 to $29,999	4,830	2,035	2,795	18.0	14.9	21.2
$30,000 to $39,999	4,220	1,795	2,420	15.7	13.2	18.3
$40,000 to $49,999	3,900	1,990	1,905	14.5	14.6	14.4
$50,000 to $59,999	2,800	1,635	1,165	10.4	12.0	8.8
$60,000 to $69,999	1,865	1,105	765	6.9	8.1	5.8
$70,000 to $79,999	1,380	860	525	5.1	6.3	4.0
$80,000 to $89,999	980	720	265	3.7	5.3	2.0
$90,000 to $99,999	665	520	145	2.5	3.8	1.1
$100,000 and over	1,255	1,050	205	4.7	7.7	1.6
$100,000 to $124,999	735	620	115	2.7	4.5	0.9
$125,000 and over	520	430	90	1.9	3.2	0.7
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	27,330	13,880	13,455	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	7,440	3,220	4,220	27.2	23.2	31.4
With employment income	19,895	10,660	9,230	72.8	76.8	68.6
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,960	930	1,030	9.9	8.7	11.2
$5,000 to $9,999	1,500	650	845	7.5	6.1	9.2
$10,000 to $19,999	2,245	895	1,345	11.3	8.4	14.6
$20,000 to $29,999	1,845	730	1,115	9.3	6.8	12.1
$30,000 to $39,999	1,960	850	1,110	9.9	8.0	12.0
$40,000 to $49,999	1,940	880	1,060	9.8	8.3	11.5
$50,000 to $59,999	1,645	935	705	8.3	8.8	7.6
$60,000 to $69,999	1,365	835	530	6.9	7.8	5.7
$70,000 to $79,999	1,015	665	355	5.1	6.2	3.8
$80,000 to $89,999	995	545	450	5.0	5.1	4.9
$90,000 to $99,999	660	470	195	3.3	4.4	2.1
$100,000 and over	2,775	2,275	500	13.9	21.3	5.4
$100,000 to $124,999	1,230	950	280	6.2	8.9	3.0
$125,000 and over	1,540	1,320	220	7.7	12.4	2.4
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	27,335	13,880	13,455	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	26,530	13,470	13,060	97.1	97.0	97.1
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,600	52,400	33,200	41,600	52,400	33,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	26,535	13,475	13,060	97.1	97.1	97.1
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,400	44,400	30,000	36,400	44,400	30,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	23,855	12,430	11,425	87.3	89.6	84.9
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,000	51,200	29,400	38,000	51,200	29,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	20,235	10,800	9,430	74.0	77.8	70.1
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,000	55,200	32,400	42,000	55,200	32,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	19,045	8,610	10,435	69.7	62.0	77.6
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,600	7,850	9,100	8,600	7,850	9,100
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	3,305	1,675	1,630	12.1	12.1	12.1
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,000	4,760	5,200	5,000	4,760	5,200
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	27,330	13,880	13,455	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	26,545	13,505	13,040	97.1	97.3	96.9
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	54,250	67,900	40,200	54,250	67,900	40,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	26,550	13,510	13,040	97.1	97.3	96.9
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	43,400	52,200	34,320	43,400	52,200	34,320
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	23,860	12,420	11,435	87.3	89.5	85.0
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	52,250	66,900	36,320	52,250	66,900	36,320
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	20,140	10,725	9,410	73.7	77.3	69.9
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	54,950	69,100	38,880	54,950	69,100	38,880
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	18,940	8,460	10,485	69.3	61.0	77.9
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,270	10,110	10,390	10,270	10,110	10,390
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	3,085	1,505	1,580	11.3	10.8	11.7
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,790	6,020	7,530	6,790	6,020	7,530
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	27,335	13,880	13,455	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	9,625	5,385	4,235	35.2	38.8	31.5
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	60,400	74,000	48,400	60,400	74,000	48,400
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	74,800	90,400	55,000	74,800	90,400	55,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	7,820	4,010	3,805	28.6	28.9	28.3
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	29,400	42,000	23,400	29,400	42,000	23,400
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	42,840	55,550	29,480	42,840	55,550	29,480
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	86.4	90.6	79.2	86.4	90.6	79.2
Employment income (%)	76.8	80.8	69.8	76.8	80.8	69.8
Government transfers (%)	13.5	9.3	20.8	13.5	9.3	20.8
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.5	1.0	2.3	1.5	1.0	2.3
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	15,375	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	74,500	...	...	74,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	64,500	...	...	64,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	5,665	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	39,200	...	...	39,200	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	34,800	...	...	34,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	9,710	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	107,000	...	...	107,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	89,000	...	...	89,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	15,375	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	98,200	...	...	98,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	79,300	...	...	79,300	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	5,665	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	52,650	...	...	52,650	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	42,920	...	...	42,920	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	9,710	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	124,700	...	...	124,700	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	100,500	...	...	100,500	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	15,375	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	95	...	...	0.6	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	85	...	...	0.6	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	210	...	...	1.4	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	315	...	...	2.0	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	990	...	...	6.4	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	630	...	...	4.1	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	525	...	...	3.4	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	765	...	...	5.0	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	675	...	...	4.4	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	650	...	...	4.2	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,210	...	...	7.9	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,040	...	...	6.8	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	945	...	...	6.1	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	820	...	...	5.3	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	710	...	...	4.6	...	...
$100,000 and over	5,710	...	...	37.1	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,555	...	...	10.1	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,280	...	...	8.3	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,585	...	...	10.3	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,285	...	...	8.4	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	15,375	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	105	...	...	0.7	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	95	...	...	0.6	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	215	...	...	1.4	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	335	...	...	2.2	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,055	...	...	6.9	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	745	...	...	4.8	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	720	...	...	4.7	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	880	...	...	5.7	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	855	...	...	5.6	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	775	...	...	5.0	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,350	...	...	8.8	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,190	...	...	7.7	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,035	...	...	6.7	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	955	...	...	6.2	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	860	...	...	5.6	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,200	...	...	27.3	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,635	...	...	10.6	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,140	...	...	7.4	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,430	...	...	9.3	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	9,435	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	107,000	...	...	107,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	89,000	...	...	89,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	4,330	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	90,000	...	...	90,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	77,000	...	...	77,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	3,525	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	149,000	...	...	149,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	120,000	...	...	120,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,360	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	66,500	...	...	66,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	59,200	...	...	59,200	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	6,415	3,450	2,965	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	39,200	45,600	33,200	39,200	45,600	33,200
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	34,800	39,200	30,600	34,800	39,200	30,600
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	9,420	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	125,100	...	...	125,100	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	100,600	...	...	100,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	4,300	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	108,500	...	...	108,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	87,800	...	...	87,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	3,555	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	164,800	...	...	164,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	130,600	...	...	130,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,335	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	73,400	...	...	73,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	63,050	...	...	63,050	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	6,445	3,620	2,825	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	51,450	60,450	40,000	51,450	60,450	40,000
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	42,080	47,800	34,760	42,080	47,800	34,760
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	33,420	17,005	16,420	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	7,160	3,700	3,465	21.4	21.8	21.1
0 to 5 years	2,425	1,250	1,175	7.3	7.4	7.2
18 to 64 years	20,275	10,390	9,885	60.7	61.1	60.2
65 years and over	5,985	2,920	3,065	17.9	17.2	18.7
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	3,940	1,765	2,170	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	765	380	385	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	275	125	150	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	1,740	815	925	...	...	...
65 years and over	1,430	565	860	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	11.8	10.4	13.2	11.8	10.4	13.2
0 to 17 years (%)	10.7	10.3	11.1	10.7	10.3	11.1
0 to 5 years (%)	11.2	10.0	12.4	11.2	10.0	12.4
18 to 64 years (%)	8.6	7.8	9.4	8.6	7.8	9.4
65 years and over (%)	23.9	19.4	28.2	23.9	19.4	28.2
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	32,145	16,370	15,770	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	6,625	3,425	3,200	20.6	20.9	20.3
0 to 5 years	2,250	1,155	1,095	7.0	7.1	6.9
18 to 64 years	19,565	10,045	9,520	60.9	61.4	60.4
65 years and over	5,955	2,905	3,050	18.5	17.7	19.3
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	885	440	445	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	155	80	70	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	55	25	25	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	655	325	330	...	...	...
65 years and over	75	35	45	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.7	2.7	2.8	2.7	2.7	2.8
0 to 17 years (%)	2.3	2.4	2.2	2.3	2.4	2.2
0 to 5 years (%)	2.4	2.2	2.6	2.4	2.2	2.6
18 to 64 years (%)	3.3	3.2	3.5	3.3	3.2	3.5
65 years and over (%)	1.3	1.1	1.4	1.3	1.1	1.4
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	33,420	17,005	16,420	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	17,035	8,330	8,705	51.0	49.0	53.0
In bottom decile	3,190	1,455	1,735	9.5	8.6	10.6
In second decile	3,620	1,665	1,955	10.8	9.8	11.9
In third decile	3,235	1,575	1,660	9.7	9.3	10.1
In fourth decile	3,475	1,770	1,705	10.4	10.4	10.4
In fifth decile	3,520	1,860	1,655	10.5	10.9	10.1
In top half of the distribution	16,385	8,675	7,715	49.0	51.0	47.0
In sixth decile	3,480	1,840	1,640	10.4	10.8	10.0
In seventh decile	3,325	1,735	1,590	9.9	10.2	9.7
In eighth decile	3,485	1,835	1,650	10.4	10.8	10.0
In ninth decile	3,275	1,755	1,525	9.8	10.3	9.3
In top decile	2,815	1,505	1,310	8.4	8.9	8.0
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	33,420	...	...	33,420	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.331	...	...	0.331	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.451	...	...	0.451	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.284	...	...	0.284	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.7	...	...	3.7	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	33,775	17,150	16,625	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	330	170	165	1.0	1.0	1.0
French only	21,450	10,225	11,225	63.5	59.6	67.5
English and French	11,970	6,745	5,225	35.4	39.3	31.4
Neither English nor French	30	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	33,775	17,150	16,625	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	1,210	630	580	3.6	3.7	3.5
French	32,300	16,385	15,915	95.6	95.5	95.7
English and French	240	120	120	0.7	0.7	0.7
Neither English nor French	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	33,775	17,150	16,625	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	33,105	16,765	16,340	98.0	97.8	98.3
Official languages	32,135	16,275	15,865	95.1	94.9	95.4
English	905	465	440	2.7	2.7	2.6
French	31,235	15,810	15,420	92.5	92.2	92.8
Non-official languages	970	495	470	2.9	2.9	2.8
Indigenous languages³⁹	380	180	205	1.1	1.0	1.2
Algonquian languages	380	180	205	1.1	1.0	1.2
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	95	35	60	0.3	0.2	0.4
Atikamekw	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	90	35	55	0.3	0.2	0.3
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	45	10	30	0.1	0.1	0.2
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	290	145	145	0.9	0.8	0.9
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	280	145	145	0.8	0.8	0.9
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	580	315	270	1.7	1.8	1.6
Afro-Asiatic languages	165	95	65	0.5	0.6	0.4
Berber languages	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Kabyle	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	150	90	60	0.4	0.5	0.4
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	150	90	60	0.4	0.5	0.4
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	55	35	20	0.2	0.2	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	50	30	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Haitian Creole	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	230	120	115	0.7	0.7	0.7
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	55	35	20	0.2	0.2	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	55	35	20	0.2	0.2	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	35	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Russian	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	150	70	75	0.4	0.4	0.5
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Portuguese	15	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Romanian	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	95	45	55	0.3	0.3	0.3
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	85	40	45	0.3	0.2	0.3
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	30	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Chinese languages	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	675	380	290	2.0	2.2	1.7
English and French	380	225	160	1.1	1.3	1.0
English and non-official language(s)	55	30	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	190	95	85	0.6	0.6	0.5
English, French and non-official language(s)	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	33,775	17,150	16,625	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	555	295	260	1.6	1.7	1.6
French	30,490	15,410	15,075	90.3	89.9	90.7
Non-official language	170	80	85	0.5	0.5	0.5
Indigenous³⁹	75	35	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
Non-Indigenous	95	45	50	0.3	0.3	0.3
English and French	1,500	815	685	4.4	4.8	4.1
English and non-official language(s)	140	75	60	0.4	0.4	0.4
French and non-official language(s)	660	340	325	2.0	2.0	2.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	265	135	135	0.8	0.8	0.8
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	33,775	17,150	16,625	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	33,130	16,815	16,315	98.1	98.0	98.1
Official languages	32,755	16,615	16,140	97.0	96.9	97.1
English	830	425	405	2.5	2.5	2.4
French	31,925	16,185	15,735	94.5	94.4	94.6
Non-official languages	370	195	170	1.1	1.1	1.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	140	65	70	0.4	0.4	0.4
Algonquian languages	140	65	70	0.4	0.4	0.4
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Atikamekw	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	110	50	55	0.3	0.3	0.3
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	110	50	55	0.3	0.3	0.3
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	230	130	100	0.7	0.8	0.6
Afro-Asiatic languages	65	40	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	65	30	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	65	30	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	35	30	5	0.1	0.2	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	35	30	5	0.1	0.2	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	90	40	50	0.3	0.2	0.3
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	80	35	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	65	30	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	20	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	645	335	310	1.9	2.0	1.9
English and French	370	195	175	1.1	1.1	1.1
English and non-official language(s)	50	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	185	95	90	0.5	0.6	0.5
English, French and non-official language(s)	40	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	33,775	17,150	16,625	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	31,785	16,085	15,700	94.1	93.8	94.4
English	1,035	575	455	3.1	3.4	2.7
French	320	170	155	0.9	1.0	0.9
Non-official language	445	215	225	1.3	1.3	1.4
Indigenous³⁹	250	110	140	0.7	0.6	0.8
Non-Indigenous	195	105	90	0.6	0.6	0.5
English and French	20	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	105	55	50	0.3	0.3	0.3
French and non-official language(s)	45	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	33,420	17,005	16,420	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	33,395	16,990	16,400	99.9	99.9	99.9
English	12,245	6,760	5,475	36.6	39.8	33.3
French	33,060	16,810	16,250	98.9	98.9	99.0
Non-official languages	2,300	1,180	1,120	6.9	6.9	6.8
Indigenous languages³⁹	910	435	475	2.7	2.6	2.9
Algonquian languages	910	435	475	2.7	2.6	2.9
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	235	100	135	0.7	0.6	0.8
Atikamekw	65	30	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Cree languages	170	70	100	0.5	0.4	0.6
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	105	45	60	0.3	0.3	0.4
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	720	355	360	2.2	2.1	2.2
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	715	345	360	2.1	2.0	2.2
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,390	750	640	4.2	4.4	3.9
Afro-Asiatic languages	245	155	95	0.7	0.9	0.6
Berber languages	35	25	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kabyle	35	25	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	235	135	95	0.7	0.8	0.6
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	235	135	95	0.7	0.8	0.6
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	75	50	30	0.2	0.3	0.2
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	70	50	20	0.2	0.3	0.1
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	70	45	15	0.2	0.3	0.1
Haitian Creole	45	35	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	760	375	385	2.3	2.2	2.3
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	70	45	20	0.2	0.3	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	70	45	20	0.2	0.3	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	45	30	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Russian	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Irish	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	60	30	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	55	30	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
German	55	30	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	645	310	325	1.9	1.8	2.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	45	35	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Portuguese	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	590	275	315	1.8	1.6	1.9
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	245	140	100	0.7	0.8	0.6
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	25	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	65	30	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	40	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Luba-Kasai	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Mòoré	15	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Wojenaka	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Wolof	80	55	25	0.2	0.3	0.2
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	40	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Chinese languages	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	33,420	17,005	16,420	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	2,945	1,475	1,470	8.8	8.7	9.0
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	2,860	1,440	1,430	8.6	8.5	8.7
First Nations (North American Indian)	2,230	1,070	1,155	6.7	6.3	7.0
Métis	625	355	270	1.9	2.1	1.6
Inuk (Inuit)	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	65	35	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Non-Indigenous identity	30,475	15,530	14,945	91.2	91.3	91.0
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	33,420	17,005	16,420	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	2,230	1,085	1,150	6.7	6.4	7.0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	31,185	15,920	15,270	93.3	93.6	93.0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	15,375	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	9,195	...	...	59.8	...	...
Renter	5,855	...	...	38.1	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	330	...	...	2.1	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	15,375	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	1,385	...	...	9.0	...	...
Not condominium	13,990	...	...	91.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	15,375	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	115	...	...	0.7	...	...
1 bedroom	2,315	...	...	15.1	...	...
2 bedrooms	4,370	...	...	28.4	...	...
3 bedrooms	5,150	...	...	33.5	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	3,430	...	...	22.3	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	15,375	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	4,970	...	...	32.3	...	...
5 rooms	2,990	...	...	19.4	...	...
6 rooms	1,660	...	...	10.8	...	...
7 rooms	1,730	...	...	11.3	...	...
8 or more rooms	4,025	...	...	26.2	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.9	...	...	5.9	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	15,375	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	15,275	...	...	99.3	...	...
More than one person per room	100	...	...	0.7	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	15,375	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	15,060	...	...	98.0	...	...
Not suitable	315	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	15,375	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	3,185	...	...	20.7	...	...
1961 to 1980	4,985	...	...	32.4	...	...
1981 to 1990	2,920	...	...	19.0	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,765	...	...	11.5	...	...
2001 to 2005	320	...	...	2.1	...	...
2006 to 2010	715	...	...	4.7	...	...
2011 to 2015	890	...	...	5.8	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	585	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	15,375	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	14,270	...	...	92.8	...	...
Major repairs needed	1,105	...	...	7.2	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	15,375	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	8,975	...	...	58.4	...	...
Two-maintainer household	6,175	...	...	40.2	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	225	...	...	1.5	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	15,375	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	615	...	...	4.0	...	...
25 to 34 years	2,405	...	...	15.6	...	...
35 to 44 years	2,510	...	...	16.3	...	...
45 to 54 years	2,370	...	...	15.4	...	...
55 to 64 years	3,415	...	...	22.2	...	...
65 to 74 years	2,510	...	...	16.3	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,205	...	...	7.8	...	...
85 years and over	350	...	...	2.3	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	15,005	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	13,170	...	...	87.8	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	1,830	...	...	12.2	...	...
30% to less than 100%	1,670	...	...	11.1	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	15,375	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	3,055	...	...	19.9	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	1,725	...	...	11.2	...	...
Not suitable only	230	...	...	1.5	...	...
Major repairs needed only	910	...	...	5.9	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	105	...	...	0.7	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	90	...	...	0.6	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	12,320	...	...	80.1	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	14,840	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	385	...	...	2.6	...	...
Not in core need	14,460	...	...	97.4	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	9,190	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	60.9	...	...	60.9	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	6.3	...	...	6.3	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.5	...	...	0.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,080	...	...	1,080	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,141	...	...	1,141	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	280,000	...	...	280,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	302,000	...	...	302,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	5,835	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	11.9	...	...	11.9	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	21.5	...	...	21.5	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	6.0	...	...	6.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	710	...	...	710	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	772	...	...	772	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	330	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	12.3	...	...	12.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	504	...	...	504	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	532	...	...	532	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	33,420	17,005	16,415	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	2,705	1,330	1,375	8.1	7.8	8.4
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	2,660	1,305	1,350	8.0	7.7	8.2
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	2,425	1,205	1,225	7.3	7.1	7.5
Métis single ancestry	230	105	125	0.7	0.6	0.8
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	50	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	50	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	1,390	655	730	4.2	3.9	4.4
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	1,355	645	705	4.1	3.8	4.3
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	1,155	545	605	3.5	3.2	3.7
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	190	85	105	0.6	0.5	0.6
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	40	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	29,325	15,015	14,310	87.7	88.3	87.2
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	33,420	17,000	16,415	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	32,845	16,700	16,140	98.3	98.2	98.3
Canadian citizens aged under 18	7,105	3,650	3,450	21.3	21.5	21.0
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	25,740	13,055	12,685	77.0	76.8	77.3
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	580	300	280	1.7	1.8	1.7
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	33,420	17,000	16,415	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	32,420	16,465	15,955	97.0	96.9	97.2
Immigrants⁸¹	735	365	370	2.2	2.1	2.3
Before 1980	80	45	40	0.2	0.3	0.2
1980 to 1990	35	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
1991 to 2000	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
2001 to 2010	125	75	55	0.4	0.4	0.3
2011 to 2021⁸²	465	225	245	1.4	1.3	1.5
2011 to 2015	230	110	115	0.7	0.6	0.7
2016 to 2021	240	110	125	0.7	0.6	0.8
Non-permanent residents⁸³	265	165	95	0.8	1.0	0.6
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	740	370	365	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	95	55	40	12.8	14.9	11.0
5 to 14 years	115	40	80	15.5	10.8	21.9
15 to 24 years	90	35	50	12.2	9.5	13.7
25 to 44 years	410	230	180	55.4	62.2	49.3
45 years and over	30	10	20	4.1	2.7	5.5
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	740	370	365	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	135	55	85	18.2	14.9	23.3
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	30	10	20	4.1	2.7	5.5
El Salvador	15	0	15	2.0	0.0	4.1
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	50	30	20	6.8	8.1	5.5
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	15	0	10	2.0	0.0	2.7
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	10	0	0	1.4	0.0	0.0
Europe	160	95	65	21.6	25.7	17.8
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	85	50	35	11.5	13.5	9.6
Germany	15	0	10	2.0	0.0	2.7
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	10	0	0	1.4	0.0	0.0
Portugal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	10	10	0	1.4	2.7	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	25	15	10	3.4	4.1	2.7
Africa	395	210	185	53.4	56.8	50.7
Algeria	35	15	20	4.7	4.1	5.5
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	30	15	15	4.1	4.1	4.1
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	40	35	10	5.4	9.5	2.7
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	285	145	135	38.5	39.2	37.0
Asia	50	15	40	6.8	4.1	11.0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	10	0	10	1.4	0.0	2.7
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	240	110	125	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	10	10	0	4.2	9.1	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	10	10	0	4.2	9.1	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	30	20	10	12.5	18.2	8.0
France	25	20	10	10.4	18.2	8.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	180	75	100	75.0	68.2	80.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	30	10	20	12.5	9.1	16.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	65	30	35	27.1	27.3	28.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	10	10	0	4.2	9.1	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	20	10	10	8.3	9.1	8.0
Other places of birth in Africa	45	20	20	18.8	18.2	16.0
Asia	25	10	15	10.4	9.1	12.0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	33,420	17,005	16,420	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	1,120	600	520	3.4	3.5	3.2
Second generation¹⁰¹	1,000	495	505	3.0	2.9	3.1
Third generation or more¹⁰²	31,305	15,910	15,390	93.7	93.6	93.7
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	655	330	325	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	365	225	145	55.7	68.2	44.6
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	200	160	40	30.5	48.5	12.3
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	160	65	100	24.4	19.7	30.8
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	255	85	175	38.9	25.8	53.8
Refugees¹⁰⁸	30	20	10	4.6	6.1	3.1
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	655	330	325	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	25	10	20	3.8	3.0	6.2
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	65	40	25	9.9	12.1	7.7
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	20	10	15	3.1	3.0	4.6
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	45	25	20	6.9	7.6	6.2
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	490	240	255	74.8	72.7	78.5
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	33,420	17,005	16,420	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	1,160	625	530	3.5	3.7	3.2
South Asian	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Chinese	55	15	45	0.2	0.1	0.3
Black	670	395	275	2.0	2.3	1.7
Filipino	85	45	30	0.3	0.3	0.2
Arab	205	115	90	0.6	0.7	0.5
Latin American	90	30	65	0.3	0.2	0.4
Southeast Asian	30	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple visible minorities	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	32,260	16,375	15,885	96.5	96.3	96.7
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	33,420	17,000	16,420	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	13,090	6,650	6,440	39.2	39.1	39.2
English	350	175	175	1.0	1.0	1.1
Irish	1,235	650	585	3.7	3.8	3.6
Scottish	380	205	170	1.1	1.2	1.0
French, n.o.s.¹²²	6,415	3,325	3,095	19.2	19.6	18.8
German	325	165	160	1.0	1.0	1.0
Chinese	60	20	45	0.2	0.1	0.3
Italian	310	190	120	0.9	1.1	0.7
Indian (India)	35	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
Ukrainian	50	40	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Dutch	100	60	30	0.3	0.4	0.2
Polish	235	120	115	0.7	0.7	0.7
Québécois	4,645	2,320	2,330	13.9	13.6	14.2
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	80	50	25	0.2	0.3	0.2
Filipino	80	50	30	0.2	0.3	0.2
French Canadian	3,250	1,585	1,660	9.7	9.3	10.1
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	1,115	595	520	3.3	3.5	3.2
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	1,035	510	525	3.1	3.0	3.2
Métis	495	225	270	1.5	1.3	1.6
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	550	285	265	1.6	1.7	1.6
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
American	175	65	105	0.5	0.4	0.6
Spanish	95	45	50	0.3	0.3	0.3
Swedish	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Hungarian	20	20	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Acadian	275	120	160	0.8	0.7	1.0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	105	70	35	0.3	0.4	0.2
Jewish	45	20	30	0.1	0.1	0.2
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	80	45	40	0.2	0.3	0.2
Greek	15	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Jamaican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	350	160	190	1.0	0.9	1.2
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanese	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	440	225	220	1.3	1.3	1.3
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	205	105	100	0.6	0.6	0.6
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	25	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Belgian	100	55	45	0.3	0.3	0.3
Haitian	60	35	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mennonite	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	75	30	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombian	55	25	35	0.2	0.1	0.2
Moroccan	65	35	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Serbian	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Ojibway	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	20	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	65	40	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Brazilian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	1,185	595	590	3.5	3.5	3.6
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	70	50	20	0.2	0.3	0.1
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	15	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	35	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	20	20	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	35	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	95	10	80	0.3	0.1	0.5
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Laotian	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	40	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	65	35	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	50	30	25	0.1	0.2	0.2
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	45	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Norman	30	25	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	55	30	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	700	335	360	2.1	2.0	2.2
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	60	50	15	0.2	0.3	0.1
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	95	60	30	0.3	0.4	0.2
Bamileke	25	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	20	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	33,420	17,005	16,415	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Christian	23,445	11,755	11,690	70.2	69.1	71.2
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	1,395	720	670	4.2	4.2	4.1
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	60	25	40	0.2	0.1	0.2
Baptist	105	50	55	0.3	0.3	0.3
Catholic	21,340	10,700	10,645	63.9	62.9	64.8
Christian Orthodox	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jehovah's Witness	110	50	65	0.3	0.3	0.4
Latter Day Saints	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lutheran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	225	105	115	0.7	0.6	0.7
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	185	95	90	0.6	0.6	0.5
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	410	240	175	1.2	1.4	1.1
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	220	110	110	0.7	0.6	0.7
Other religions and spiritual traditions	55	35	20	0.2	0.2	0.1
No religion and secular perspectives	9,270	4,850	4,415	27.7	28.5	26.9
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	33,030	16,785	16,245	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	29,620	15,095	14,530	89.7	89.9	89.4
Movers	3,410	1,695	1,715	10.3	10.1	10.6
Non-migrants	2,495	1,290	1,200	7.6	7.7	7.4
Migrants	915	400	515	2.8	2.4	3.2
Internal migrants	875	385	495	2.6	2.3	3.0
Intraprovincial migrants	845	365	480	2.6	2.2	3.0
Interprovincial migrants	35	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
External migrants	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	31,425	15,905	15,520	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	19,910	10,060	9,845	63.4	63.3	63.4
Movers	11,515	5,845	5,665	36.6	36.7	36.5
Non-migrants	7,420	3,845	3,575	23.6	24.2	23.0
Migrants	4,095	2,000	2,100	13.0	12.6	13.5
Internal migrants	3,705	1,795	1,905	11.8	11.3	12.3
Intraprovincial migrants	3,565	1,720	1,845	11.3	10.8	11.9
Interprovincial migrants	140	70	60	0.4	0.4	0.4
External migrants	395	210	185	1.3	1.3	1.2
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	27,335	13,880	13,455	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	8,315	4,730	3,590	30.4	34.1	26.7
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	19,020	9,150	9,865	69.6	65.9	73.3
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	17,825	9,090	8,735	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	4,175	2,450	1,725	23.4	27.0	19.7
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	13,645	6,640	7,005	76.5	73.0	80.2
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	27,330	13,880	13,455	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	7,195	3,920	3,275	26.3	28.2	24.3
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	5,830	2,750	3,080	21.3	19.8	22.9
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	14,305	7,210	7,095	52.3	51.9	52.7
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	10,440	5,665	4,775	38.2	40.8	35.5
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	5,840	3,705	2,135	21.4	26.7	15.9
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	4,450	2,620	1,830	16.3	18.9	13.6
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	1,390	1,090	300	5.1	7.9	2.2
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	3,915	1,725	2,190	14.3	12.4	16.3
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	690	230	455	2.5	1.7	3.4
Bachelor's degree or higher	3,865	1,545	2,320	14.1	11.1	17.2
Bachelor's degree	2,845	1,020	1,820	10.4	7.3	13.5
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	305	120	185	1.1	0.9	1.4
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	105	50	55	0.4	0.4	0.4
Master's degree	490	280	210	1.8	2.0	1.6
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	120	75	45	0.4	0.5	0.3
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	17,825	9,090	8,730	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	3,360	1,870	1,490	18.8	20.6	17.1
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	3,235	1,600	1,635	18.1	17.6	18.7
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	11,230	5,615	5,615	63.0	61.8	64.3
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	7,980	4,345	3,640	44.8	47.8	41.7
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	4,620	2,915	1,705	25.9	32.1	19.5
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	3,545	2,075	1,465	19.9	22.8	16.8
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	1,070	835	235	6.0	9.2	2.7
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	2,915	1,290	1,625	16.4	14.2	18.6
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	450	135	315	2.5	1.5	3.6
Bachelor's degree or higher	3,245	1,275	1,975	18.2	14.0	22.6
Bachelor's degree	2,375	845	1,525	13.3	9.3	17.5
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	240	85	155	1.3	0.9	1.8
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	90	45	45	0.5	0.5	0.5
Master's degree	445	245	200	2.5	2.7	2.3
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	100	50	45	0.6	0.6	0.5
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	27,330	13,875	13,450	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	13,025	6,665	6,360	47.7	48.0	47.3
Education	1,175	230	945	4.3	1.7	7.0
13. Education	1,175	230	945	4.3	1.7	7.0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	220	105	120	0.8	0.8	0.9
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
50. Visual and performing arts	190	85	105	0.7	0.6	0.8
Humanities	545	240	310	2.0	1.7	2.3
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	25	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
23. English language and literature/letters	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	415	175	235	1.5	1.3	1.7
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
54. History	35	25	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Social and behavioural sciences and law	860	145	710	3.1	1.0	5.3
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	110	25	90	0.4	0.2	0.7
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	260	10	255	1.0	0.1	1.9
22. Legal professions and studies	155	45	110	0.6	0.3	0.8
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	35	0	35	0.1	0.0	0.3
42. Psychology	175	30	145	0.6	0.2	1.1
45. Social sciences	110	45	60	0.4	0.3	0.4
Business, management and public administration	3,110	830	2,280	11.4	6.0	17.0
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	345	60	290	1.3	0.4	2.2
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,770	775	1,995	10.1	5.6	14.8
Physical and life sciences and technologies	470	325	145	1.7	2.3	1.1
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	65	40	25	0.2	0.3	0.2
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	25	25	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	95	50	45	0.3	0.4	0.3
40. Physical sciences	285	215	70	1.0	1.5	0.5
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	165	125	45	0.6	0.9	0.3
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	150	125	30	0.5	0.9	0.2
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	4,405	4,015	380	16.1	28.9	2.8
04. Architecture and related services	40	25	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
14. Engineering	480	400	80	1.8	2.9	0.6
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	1,375	1,220	165	5.0	8.8	1.2
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	815	780	35	3.0	5.6	0.3
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,155	1,090	65	4.2	7.9	0.5
48. Precision production	535	505	25	2.0	3.6	0.2
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	390	245	145	1.4	1.8	1.1
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	115	20	90	0.4	0.1	0.7
03. Natural resources and conservation	275	225	50	1.0	1.6	0.4
Health and related fields	1,745	295	1,445	6.4	2.1	10.7
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	65	25	35	0.2	0.2	0.3
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,625	235	1,380	5.9	1.7	10.3
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	50	30	20	0.2	0.2	0.1
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,205	640	565	4.4	4.6	4.2
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	555	120	440	2.0	0.9	3.3
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	195	130	70	0.7	0.9	0.5
49. Transportation and materials moving	455	395	60	1.7	2.8	0.4
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	17,825	9,090	8,735	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	6,595	3,470	3,120	37.0	38.2	35.7
Education	825	140	685	4.6	1.5	7.8
13. Education	825	140	685	4.6	1.5	7.8
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	180	85	95	1.0	0.9	1.1
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
50. Visual and performing arts	150	70	80	0.8	0.8	0.9
Humanities	355	155	200	2.0	1.7	2.3
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	25	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
23. English language and literature/letters	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	245	105	145	1.4	1.2	1.7
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
54. History	30	20	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Social and behavioural sciences and law	695	110	575	3.9	1.2	6.6
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	90	20	70	0.5	0.2	0.8
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	230	10	225	1.3	0.1	2.6
22. Legal professions and studies	100	30	70	0.6	0.3	0.8
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
42. Psychology	165	20	145	0.9	0.2	1.7
45. Social sciences	85	40	45	0.5	0.4	0.5
Business, management and public administration	2,440	560	1,875	13.7	6.2	21.5
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	285	55	235	1.6	0.6	2.7
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,150	510	1,640	12.1	5.6	18.8
Physical and life sciences and technologies	350	265	90	2.0	2.9	1.0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	55	40	15	0.3	0.4	0.2
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	20	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
40. Physical sciences	260	195	65	1.5	2.1	0.7
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	150	110	35	0.8	1.2	0.4
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	130	110	20	0.7	1.2	0.2
25. Library science	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	3,580	3,265	315	20.1	35.9	3.6
04. Architecture and related services	40	25	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
14. Engineering	415	330	75	2.3	3.6	0.9
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	1,075	965	110	6.0	10.6	1.3
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	635	610	25	3.6	6.7	0.3
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	975	920	55	5.5	10.1	0.6
48. Precision production	440	415	25	2.5	4.6	0.3
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	340	210	130	1.9	2.3	1.5
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	100	20	80	0.6	0.2	0.9
03. Natural resources and conservation	235	190	50	1.3	2.1	0.6
Health and related fields	1,390	235	1,155	7.8	2.6	13.2
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	45	20	25	0.3	0.2	0.3
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,285	180	1,105	7.2	2.0	12.7
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	45	25	20	0.3	0.3	0.2
Personal, protective and transportation services	930	475	460	5.2	5.2	5.3
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	455	85	370	2.6	0.9	4.2
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	150	100	55	0.8	1.1	0.6
49. Transportation and materials moving	335	295	40	1.9	3.2	0.5
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	17,825	9,090	8,735	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,595	3,470	3,120	37.0	38.2	35.7
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	11,230	5,620	5,610	63.0	61.8	64.2
Location of study inside Canada	10,805	5,365	5,440	60.6	59.0	62.3
Same as province or territory of residence	10,495	5,190	5,305	58.9	57.1	60.7
Different than province or territory of residence	310	175	140	1.7	1.9	1.6
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	425	250	170	2.4	2.8	1.9
Americas	40	15	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
United States of America	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	110	75	40	0.6	0.8	0.5
Belgium	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
France	85	60	25	0.5	0.7	0.3
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	190	110	80	1.1	1.2	0.9
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	25	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Morocco	40	30	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Tunisia	35	25	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	95	50	45	0.5	0.6	0.5
Asia	75	50	25	0.4	0.6	0.3
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	55	45	15	0.3	0.5	0.2
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	27,330	13,880	13,455	...	...	...
In the labour force	17,830	9,510	8,330	...	...	...
Employed	17,010	9,035	7,975	...	...	...
Unemployed	830	475	355	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	9,500	4,370	5,125	...	...	...
Participation rate	65.2	68.5	61.9	65.2	68.5	61.9
Employment rate	62.2	65.1	59.3	62.2	65.1	59.3
Unemployment rate	4.7	5.0	4.3	4.7	5.0	4.3
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	27,330	13,875	13,450	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	9,060	4,085	4,970	33.2	29.4	37.0
Worked	18,275	9,795	8,480	66.9	70.6	63.0
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	9,825	5,490	4,340	35.9	39.6	32.3
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	8,450	4,305	4,145	30.9	31.0	30.8
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.7	42.3	41.0	41.7	42.3	41.0
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	17,835	9,505	8,330	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	235	115	120	1.3	1.2	1.4
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	17,600	9,395	8,210	98.7	98.8	98.6
Employee	16,175	8,580	7,590	90.7	90.3	91.1
Permanent position	13,920	7,555	6,365	78.0	79.5	76.4
Temporary position	2,250	1,030	1,220	12.6	10.8	14.6
Fixed term (1 year or more)	800	315	485	4.5	3.3	5.8
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	1,445	715	735	8.1	7.5	8.8
Self-employed¹⁹²	1,425	810	615	8.0	8.5	7.4
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	17,835	9,505	8,330	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	235	115	120	1.3	1.2	1.4
All occupations¹⁹¹	17,600	9,395	8,210	98.7	98.8	98.6
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	300	250	50	1.7	2.6	0.6
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,670	690	1,980	15.0	7.3	23.8
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,240	1,010	230	7.0	10.6	2.8
3 Health occupations	1,380	215	1,160	7.7	2.3	13.9
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	2,085	470	1,620	11.7	4.9	19.4
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	300	175	120	1.7	1.8	1.4
6 Sales and service occupations	4,210	1,620	2,585	23.6	17.0	31.0
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	3,600	3,325	275	20.2	35.0	3.3
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,205	1,120	80	6.8	11.8	1.0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	620	510	115	3.5	5.4	1.4
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	17,835	9,505	8,330	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	235	115	120	1.3	1.2	1.4
All industries¹⁹¹	17,600	9,395	8,210	98.7	98.8	98.6
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	200	145	55	1.1	1.5	0.7
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	2,625	2,225	400	14.7	23.4	4.8
22 Utilities	150	130	20	0.8	1.4	0.2
23 Construction	905	790	110	5.1	8.3	1.3
31-33 Manufacturing	1,160	930	230	6.5	9.8	2.8
41 Wholesale trade	540	375	165	3.0	3.9	2.0
44-45 Retail trade	2,070	880	1,190	11.6	9.3	14.3
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	870	625	245	4.9	6.6	2.9
51 Information and cultural industries	315	205	105	1.8	2.2	1.3
52 Finance and insurance	305	105	200	1.7	1.1	2.4
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	180	105	80	1.0	1.1	1.0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	995	525	470	5.6	5.5	5.6
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	675	395	280	3.8	4.2	3.4
61 Educational services	1,210	255	955	6.8	2.7	11.5
62 Health care and social assistance	2,480	375	2,100	13.9	3.9	25.2
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	145	95	45	0.8	1.0	0.5
72 Accommodation and food services	1,070	390	685	6.0	4.1	8.2
81 Other services (except public administration)	860	445	410	4.8	4.7	4.9
91 Public administration	835	390	445	4.7	4.1	5.3
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	19,300	10,270	9,035	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	345	210	135	1.8	2.0	1.5
French	15,500	8,210	7,295	80.3	79.9	80.7
Non-official language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	3,330	1,805	1,525	17.3	17.6	16.9
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	50	20	30	0.3	0.2	0.3
English, French and non-official language(s)	60	25	40	0.3	0.2	0.4
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	19,300	10,270	9,035	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	18,895	10,055	8,840	97.9	97.9	97.8
Official languages	18,885	10,050	8,830	97.8	97.9	97.7
English	630	380	260	3.3	3.7	2.9
French	18,250	9,670	8,575	94.6	94.2	94.9
Non-official languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	405	215	195	2.1	2.1	2.2
English and French	390	210	175	2.0	2.0	1.9
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	19,300	10,270	9,035	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	16,245	8,630	7,610	84.2	84.0	84.2
English	2,680	1,425	1,250	13.9	13.9	13.8
French	280	165	115	1.5	1.6	1.3
Non-official language	50	15	30	0.3	0.1	0.3
Indigenous³⁹	40	15	30	0.2	0.1	0.3
Non-Indigenous	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	35	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	17,005	9,035	7,970	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	1,425	600	825	8.4	6.6	10.4
Worked outside Canada	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
No fixed workplace address	1,890	1,415	475	11.1	15.7	6.0
Usual place of work	13,670	7,005	6,665	80.4	77.5	83.6
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	13,670	7,005	6,670	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	11,415	5,460	5,955	83.5	77.9	89.3
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	920	635	280	6.7	9.1	4.2
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	1,260	830	430	9.2	11.8	6.4
Commute to a different province or territory	80	80	0	0.6	1.1	0.0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	15,565	8,415	7,145	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	13,870	7,490	6,385	89.1	89.0	89.4
Car, truck or van - as a driver	13,045	7,125	5,925	83.8	84.7	82.9
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	830	360	465	5.3	4.3	6.5
Public transit	65	40	25	0.4	0.5	0.3
Walked	935	400	530	6.0	4.8	7.4
Bicycle	110	80	30	0.7	1.0	0.4
Other method	585	405	175	3.8	4.8	2.4
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	15,565	8,415	7,145	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	9,645	4,665	4,985	62.0	55.4	69.8
15 to 29 minutes	3,735	2,135	1,605	24.0	25.4	22.5
30 to 44 minutes	1,115	750	360	7.2	8.9	5.0
45 to 59 minutes	480	380	100	3.1	4.5	1.4
60 minutes and over	590	490	100	3.8	5.8	1.4
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	15,565	8,415	7,145	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,605	1,380	230	10.3	16.4	3.2
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	2,325	1,715	610	14.9	20.4	8.5
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	5,065	2,475	2,590	32.5	29.4	36.2
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	3,405	1,255	2,155	21.9	14.9	30.2
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,080	370	700	6.9	4.4	9.8
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	2,080	1,225	860	13.4	14.6	12.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	7,275	3,760	3,510	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,000	525	480	13.7	14.0	13.7
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	6,270	3,240	3,035	86.2	86.2	86.5
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	5,095	2,650	2,445	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	725	385	340	14.2	14.5	13.9
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	385	205	185	7.6	7.7	7.6
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	340	180	155	6.7	6.8	6.3
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	4,370	2,265	2,105	85.8	85.5	86.1

Symbol legend

...
not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 25, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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