Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Val-d'Or, Ville (V)More information: Quebec [Census subdivision]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	32,752	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	32,491	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	0.8	...	...	0.8	...	...
Total private dwellings²	15,884	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	15,033	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	9.3	...	...	9.3	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	3,536.84	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	32,750	16,615	16,135	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	5,625	2,895	2,730	17.2	17.4	16.9
0 to 4 years	1,875	970	905	5.7	5.8	5.6
5 to 9 years	1,820	885	935	5.6	5.3	5.8
10 to 14 years	1,935	1,045	890	5.9	6.3	5.5
15 to 64 years	20,635	10,615	10,025	63.0	63.9	62.1
15 to 19 years	1,610	845	760	4.9	5.1	4.7
20 to 24 years	1,685	890	790	5.1	5.4	4.9
25 to 29 years	2,005	1,005	1,000	6.1	6.0	6.2
30 to 34 years	2,155	1,115	1,045	6.6	6.7	6.5
35 to 39 years	2,045	1,105	945	6.2	6.7	5.9
40 to 44 years	2,005	1,005	995	6.1	6.0	6.2
45 to 49 years	1,915	1,000	915	5.8	6.0	5.7
50 to 54 years	1,935	965	975	5.9	5.8	6.0
55 to 59 years	2,575	1,325	1,250	7.9	8.0	7.7
60 to 64 years	2,700	1,350	1,350	8.2	8.1	8.4
65 years and over	6,490	3,110	3,385	19.8	18.7	21.0
65 to 69 years	2,180	1,105	1,075	6.7	6.7	6.7
70 to 74 years	1,715	855	865	5.2	5.1	5.4
75 to 79 years	1,200	575	620	3.7	3.5	3.8
80 to 84 years	735	330	405	2.2	2.0	2.5
85 years and over	660	245	415	2.0	1.5	2.6
85 to 89 years	440	175	260	1.3	1.1	1.6
90 to 94 years	175	55	120	0.5	0.3	0.7
95 to 99 years	40	15	30	0.1	0.1	0.2
100 years and over	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	17.2	17.4	16.9	17.2	17.4	16.9
15 to 64 years	63.0	63.9	62.1	63.0	63.9	62.1
65 years and over	19.8	18.7	21.0	19.8	18.7	21.0
85 years and over	2.0	1.5	2.6	2.0	1.5	2.6
Average age of the population	42.4	41.7	43.1	42.4	41.7	43.1
Median age of the population	43.2	42.0	44.0	43.2	42.0	44.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	15,035	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	7,720	...	...	51.3	...	...
Semi-detached house	610	...	...	4.1	...	...
Row house	275	...	...	1.8	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	1,590	...	...	10.6	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	4,350	...	...	28.9	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	225	...	...	1.5	...	...
Other single-attached house	40	...	...	0.3	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	220	...	...	1.5	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	15,035	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	5,595	...	...	37.2	...	...
2 persons	5,315	...	...	35.4	...	...
3 persons	1,770	...	...	11.8	...	...
4 persons	1,515	...	...	10.1	...	...
5 or more persons	835	...	...	5.6	...	...
Number of persons in private households	32,145	16,375	15,770	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.1	...	...	2.1	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	27,130	13,725	13,405	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	15,835	7,940	7,895	58.4	57.9	58.9
Married	7,015	3,540	3,475	25.9	25.8	25.9
Living common-law	8,820	4,400	4,420	32.5	32.1	33.0
Living common law - Never married	7,440	3,720	3,725	27.4	27.1	27.8
Living common law - Separated	90	50	40	0.3	0.4	0.3
Living common law - Divorced	1,135	570	565	4.2	4.2	4.2
Living common law - Widowed	150	55	95	0.6	0.4	0.7
Not married and not living common-law	11,295	5,785	5,515	41.6	42.1	41.1
Not married and not living common law - Never married	7,735	4,470	3,265	28.5	32.6	24.4
Not married and not living common law - Separated	365	180	185	1.3	1.3	1.4
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	1,625	740	885	6.0	5.4	6.6
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	1,570	390	1,180	5.8	2.8	8.8
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	9,140	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	5,280	...	...	57.8	...	...
3 persons	1,670	...	...	18.3	...	...
4 persons	1,485	...	...	16.2	...	...
5 or more persons	710	...	...	7.8	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	9,140	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	7,815	...	...	85.5	...	...
Married couples	3,400	...	...	37.2	...	...
With children⁶	1,165	...	...	12.7	...	...
Without children	2,240	...	...	24.5	...	...
Common-law couples	4,410	...	...	48.2	...	...
With children⁶	2,195	...	...	24.0	...	...
Without children	2,215	...	...	24.2	...	...
Total one-parent families	1,330	...	...	14.6	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	890	...	...	9.7	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	440	...	...	4.8	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	32,145	16,370	15,770	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	25,305	12,695	12,615	78.7	77.6	80.0
Married spouses or common-law partners	15,625	7,805	7,825	48.6	47.7	49.6
Parents in one-parent families	1,325	440	885	4.1	2.7	5.6
Children⁶	8,355	4,450	3,905	26.0	27.2	24.8
In a two-parent family	6,345	3,375	2,970	19.7	20.6	18.8
In a one-parent family	2,015	1,080	935	6.3	6.6	5.9
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	6,835	3,680	3,155	21.3	22.5	20.0
Living alone	5,600	2,985	2,615	17.4	18.2	16.6
Living with other relatives⁷	505	260	245	1.6	1.6	1.6
Living with non-relatives only	735	435	295	2.3	2.7	1.9
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	15,035	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	8,670	...	...	57.7	...	...
Couple-family households	7,505	...	...	49.9	...	...
With children⁶	3,240	...	...	21.5	...	...
Without children	4,265	...	...	28.4	...	...
One-parent-family households	1,160	...	...	7.7	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	110	...	...	0.7	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	25	...	...	0.2	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	260	...	...	1.7	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	375	...	...	2.5	...	...
One-person households	5,600	...	...	37.2	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	26,520	13,480	13,040	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	26,145	13,305	12,840	98.6	98.7	98.5
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	44,400	54,400	36,800	44,400	54,400	36,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	26,150	13,305	12,840	98.6	98.7	98.5
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,800	46,000	33,200	38,800	46,000	33,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	23,460	12,240	11,220	88.5	90.8	86.0
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,000	49,600	29,000	38,000	49,600	29,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	19,430	10,420	9,005	73.3	77.3	69.1
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,200	55,600	33,200	43,200	55,600	33,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	20,915	9,885	11,025	78.9	73.3	84.5
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,000	10,000	11,700	11,000	10,000	11,700
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	3,195	1,595	1,600	12.0	11.8	12.3
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,640	5,400	6,000	5,640	5,400	6,000
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	7,775	4,285	3,490	29.3	31.8	26.8
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	5,480	6,500	6,000	5,480	6,500
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	26,520	13,475	13,040	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	26,175	13,310	12,870	98.7	98.8	98.7
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	56,800	69,600	43,560	56,800	69,600	43,560
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	26,175	13,310	12,870	98.7	98.8	98.7
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	45,720	54,150	37,040	45,720	54,150	37,040
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	23,480	12,210	11,275	88.5	90.6	86.5
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	52,100	66,000	37,000	52,100	66,000	37,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	19,425	10,335	9,095	73.2	76.7	69.7
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	55,400	68,800	40,080	55,400	68,800	40,080
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	20,815	9,865	10,955	78.5	73.2	84.0
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,670	12,230	13,060	12,670	12,230	13,060
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	3,035	1,560	1,475	11.4	11.6	11.3
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,420	6,035	8,890	7,420	6,035	8,890
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	7,540	4,160	3,380	28.4	30.9	25.9
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,090	6,500	7,810	7,090	6,500	7,810
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	26,520	13,480	13,040	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	9,510	5,320	4,190	35.9	39.5	32.1
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	64,000	74,000	51,600	64,000	74,000	51,600
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	77,600	91,600	59,700	77,600	91,600	59,700
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	8,085	4,100	3,985	30.5	30.4	30.6
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	24,200	34,800	18,200	24,200	34,800	18,200
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	37,680	49,440	25,580	37,680	49,440	25,580
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	82.2	87.0	74.4	82.2	87.0	74.4
Employment income (%)¹⁹	72.4	76.8	65.0	72.4	76.8	65.0
Government transfers (%)²⁰	17.7	13.0	25.5	17.7	13.0	25.5
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.5	1.0	2.3	1.5	1.0	2.3
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	4.2	3.3	5.7	4.2	3.3	5.7
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	3.6	2.9	4.7	3.6	2.9	4.7
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	26,520	13,475	13,040	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	375	170	205	1.4	1.3	1.6
With total income	26,145	13,310	12,835	98.6	98.8	98.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,555	595	960	5.9	4.5	7.5
$10,000 to $19,999	2,910	1,100	1,810	11.1	8.3	14.1
$20,000 to $29,999	4,015	1,705	2,310	15.4	12.8	18.0
$30,000 to $39,999	3,195	1,275	1,915	12.2	9.6	14.9
$40,000 to $49,999	3,110	1,375	1,740	11.9	10.3	13.6
$50,000 to $59,999	2,625	1,365	1,260	10.0	10.3	9.8
$60,000 to $69,999	1,990	1,135	855	7.6	8.5	6.7
$70,000 to $79,999	1,410	900	510	5.4	6.8	4.0
$80,000 to $89,999	1,230	715	515	4.7	5.4	4.0
$90,000 to $99,999	860	550	310	3.3	4.1	2.4
$100,000 and over	3,250	2,600	650	12.4	19.5	5.1
$100,000 to $149,999	2,325	1,820	500	8.9	13.7	3.9
$150,000 and over	925	775	145	3.5	5.8	1.1
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	26,520	13,475	13,040	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	370	170	200	1.4	1.3	1.5
With after-tax income	26,150	13,310	12,845	98.6	98.8	98.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,640	625	1,010	6.3	4.7	7.9
$10,000 to $19,999	3,075	1,170	1,900	11.8	8.8	14.8
$20,000 to $29,999	4,705	1,970	2,730	18.0	14.8	21.3
$30,000 to $39,999	4,115	1,745	2,375	15.7	13.1	18.5
$40,000 to $49,999	3,820	1,965	1,860	14.6	14.8	14.5
$50,000 to $59,999	2,740	1,610	1,130	10.5	12.1	8.8
$60,000 to $69,999	1,820	1,090	735	7.0	8.2	5.7
$70,000 to $79,999	1,355	850	505	5.2	6.4	3.9
$80,000 to $89,999	970	715	260	3.7	5.4	2.0
$90,000 to $99,999	660	515	145	2.5	3.9	1.1
$100,000 and over	1,245	1,050	200	4.8	7.9	1.6
$100,000 to $124,999	730	620	105	2.8	4.7	0.8
$125,000 and over	520	430	90	2.0	3.2	0.7
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	26,520	13,475	13,040	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	7,090	3,055	4,035	26.7	22.7	30.9
With employment income	19,430	10,420	9,010	73.3	77.3	69.1
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,795	850	945	9.2	8.2	10.5
$5,000 to $9,999	1,445	625	825	7.4	6.0	9.2
$10,000 to $19,999	2,165	855	1,310	11.1	8.2	14.5
$20,000 to $29,999	1,800	705	1,095	9.3	6.8	12.2
$30,000 to $39,999	1,930	830	1,100	9.9	8.0	12.2
$40,000 to $49,999	1,905	860	1,040	9.8	8.3	11.5
$50,000 to $59,999	1,610	920	690	8.3	8.8	7.7
$60,000 to $69,999	1,355	830	525	7.0	8.0	5.8
$70,000 to $79,999	1,010	660	350	5.2	6.3	3.9
$80,000 to $89,999	990	545	450	5.1	5.2	5.0
$90,000 to $99,999	660	470	190	3.4	4.5	2.1
$100,000 and over	2,765	2,270	500	14.2	21.8	5.5
$100,000 to $124,999	1,225	950	275	6.3	9.1	3.1
$125,000 and over	1,540	1,320	220	7.9	12.7	2.4
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	26,520	13,480	13,040	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	25,850	13,150	12,705	97.5	97.6	97.4
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,400	53,600	33,600	42,400	53,600	33,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	25,855	13,150	12,705	97.5	97.6	97.4
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,800	44,800	30,200	36,800	44,800	30,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	23,340	12,165	11,175	88.0	90.2	85.7
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,800	52,400	29,800	38,800	52,400	29,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	19,725	10,545	9,185	74.4	78.2	70.4
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,800	56,800	32,800	42,800	56,800	32,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	18,475	8,355	10,110	69.7	62.0	77.5
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,700	8,300	8,900	8,700	8,300	8,900
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	3,195	1,620	1,570	12.0	12.0	12.0
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,960	4,760	5,160	4,960	4,760	5,160
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	26,520	13,475	13,040	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	25,870	13,185	12,685	97.5	97.8	97.3
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	55,000	69,000	40,480	55,000	69,000	40,480
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	25,870	13,185	12,685	97.5	97.8	97.3
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	43,880	52,950	34,480	43,880	52,950	34,480
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	23,340	12,155	11,185	88.0	90.2	85.8
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	52,900	67,900	36,640	52,900	67,900	36,640
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	19,635	10,470	9,165	74.0	77.7	70.3
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	55,850	70,300	39,400	55,850	70,300	39,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	18,370	8,210	10,160	69.3	60.9	77.9
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,240	10,260	10,230	10,240	10,260	10,230
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,970	1,445	1,525	11.2	10.7	11.7
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,820	6,025	7,580	6,820	6,025	7,580
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	26,520	13,480	13,040	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	9,495	5,315	4,180	35.8	39.4	32.1
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	61,200	74,500	48,800	61,200	74,500	48,800
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	75,300	91,200	55,250	75,300	91,200	55,250
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	7,705	3,945	3,760	29.1	29.3	28.8
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	29,600	42,400	23,400	29,600	42,400	23,400
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	43,120	56,050	29,600	43,120	56,050	29,600
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	86.8	90.8	79.8	86.8	90.8	79.8
Employment income (%)	77.0	81.0	70.2	77.0	81.0	70.2
Government transfers (%)	13.2	9.3	20.2	13.2	9.3	20.2
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.4	1.0	2.3	1.4	1.0	2.3
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	15,035	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	75,500	...	...	75,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	64,500	...	...	64,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	5,600	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	39,200	...	...	39,200	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	34,800	...	...	34,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	9,435	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	108,000	...	...	108,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	90,000	...	...	90,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	15,035	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	98,900	...	...	98,900	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	79,600	...	...	79,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	5,600	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	52,850	...	...	52,850	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	42,960	...	...	42,960	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	9,440	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	126,300	...	...	126,300	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	101,300	...	...	101,300	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	15,035	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	80	...	...	0.5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	80	...	...	0.5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	205	...	...	1.4	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	305	...	...	2.0	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	970	...	...	6.5	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	615	...	...	4.1	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	505	...	...	3.4	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	755	...	...	5.0	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	655	...	...	4.4	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	630	...	...	4.2	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,175	...	...	7.8	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	995	...	...	6.6	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	915	...	...	6.1	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	800	...	...	5.3	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	705	...	...	4.7	...	...
$100,000 and over	5,645	...	...	37.5	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,525	...	...	10.1	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,265	...	...	8.4	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,575	...	...	10.5	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,280	...	...	8.5	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	15,035	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	95	...	...	0.6	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	90	...	...	0.6	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	210	...	...	1.4	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	325	...	...	2.2	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,035	...	...	6.9	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	735	...	...	4.9	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	695	...	...	4.6	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	875	...	...	5.8	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	840	...	...	5.6	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	755	...	...	5.0	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,310	...	...	8.7	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,145	...	...	7.6	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,000	...	...	6.7	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	930	...	...	6.2	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	855	...	...	5.7	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,145	...	...	27.6	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,610	...	...	10.7	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,120	...	...	7.4	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,415	...	...	9.4	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	9,160	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	109,000	...	...	109,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	90,000	...	...	90,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	4,295	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	90,000	...	...	90,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	77,500	...	...	77,500	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	3,385	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	152,000	...	...	152,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	121,000	...	...	121,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,280	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	67,500	...	...	67,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	59,600	...	...	59,600	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	6,335	3,420	2,910	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	39,200	45,600	33,200	39,200	45,600	33,200
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	34,800	39,600	30,400	34,800	39,600	30,400
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	9,145	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	126,700	...	...	126,700	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	101,500	...	...	101,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	4,265	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	108,900	...	...	108,900	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	88,000	...	...	88,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	3,415	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	168,200	...	...	168,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	132,400	...	...	132,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,250	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	74,600	...	...	74,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	63,600	...	...	63,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	6,360	3,590	2,770	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	51,700	60,750	40,040	51,700	60,750	40,040
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	42,200	47,960	34,680	42,200	47,960	34,680
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	32,140	16,375	15,770	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	6,625	3,425	3,200	20.6	20.9	20.3
0 to 5 years	2,250	1,160	1,095	7.0	7.1	6.9
18 to 64 years	19,565	10,045	9,520	60.9	61.3	60.4
65 years and over	5,955	2,905	3,050	18.5	17.7	19.3
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	3,480	1,540	1,935	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	540	265	275	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	200	80	115	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	1,520	710	805	...	...	...
65 years and over	1,420	560	855	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	10.8	9.4	12.3	10.8	9.4	12.3
0 to 17 years (%)	8.2	7.8	8.6	8.2	7.8	8.6
0 to 5 years (%)	8.9	7.3	10.6	8.9	7.3	10.6
18 to 64 years (%)	7.8	7.1	8.5	7.8	7.1	8.5
65 years and over (%)	23.9	19.4	28.1	23.9	19.4	28.1
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	32,145	16,370	15,770	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	6,625	3,425	3,200	20.6	20.9	20.3
0 to 5 years	2,250	1,155	1,095	7.0	7.1	6.9
18 to 64 years	19,565	10,045	9,520	60.9	61.4	60.4
65 years and over	5,955	2,905	3,050	18.5	17.7	19.3
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	885	440	445	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	155	80	70	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	55	25	25	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	655	325	330	...	...	...
65 years and over	75	35	45	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.7	2.7	2.8	2.7	2.7	2.8
0 to 17 years (%)	2.3	2.4	2.2	2.3	2.4	2.2
0 to 5 years (%)	2.4	2.2	2.6	2.4	2.2	2.6
18 to 64 years (%)	3.3	3.2	3.5	3.3	3.2	3.5
65 years and over (%)	1.3	1.1	1.4	1.3	1.1	1.4
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	32,145	16,375	15,770	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	15,995	7,820	8,175	49.8	47.8	51.8
In bottom decile	2,810	1,260	1,545	8.7	7.7	9.8
In second decile	3,325	1,535	1,785	10.3	9.4	11.3
In third decile	3,105	1,515	1,590	9.7	9.3	10.1
In fourth decile	3,340	1,700	1,635	10.4	10.4	10.4
In fifth decile	3,425	1,810	1,610	10.7	11.1	10.2
In top half of the distribution	16,145	8,550	7,595	50.2	52.2	48.2
In sixth decile	3,375	1,795	1,585	10.5	11.0	10.1
In seventh decile	3,260	1,695	1,565	10.1	10.4	9.9
In eighth decile	3,470	1,825	1,640	10.8	11.1	10.4
In ninth decile	3,250	1,740	1,515	10.1	10.6	9.6
In top decile	2,800	1,500	1,295	8.7	9.2	8.2
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	32,145	...	...	32,145	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.326	...	...	0.326	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.442	...	...	0.442	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.280	...	...	0.280	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.6	...	...	3.6	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	32,490	16,515	15,970	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	300	160	140	0.9	1.0	0.9
French only	20,640	9,840	10,795	63.5	59.6	67.6
English and French	11,535	6,505	5,025	35.5	39.4	31.5
Neither English nor French	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	32,490	16,515	15,970	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	1,130	590	535	3.5	3.6	3.4
French	31,140	15,815	15,330	95.8	95.8	96.0
English and French	205	105	100	0.6	0.6	0.6
Neither English nor French	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	32,490	16,515	15,970	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	31,925	16,190	15,735	98.3	98.0	98.5
Official languages	31,155	15,795	15,360	95.9	95.6	96.2
English	835	430	405	2.6	2.6	2.5
French	30,320	15,365	14,955	93.3	93.0	93.6
Non-official languages	770	395	375	2.4	2.4	2.3
Indigenous languages³⁹	190	80	110	0.6	0.5	0.7
Algonquian languages	185	80	110	0.6	0.5	0.7
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	85	30	55	0.3	0.2	0.3
Atikamekw	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	80	35	45	0.2	0.2	0.3
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	35	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	40	10	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	105	50	60	0.3	0.3	0.4
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	105	45	55	0.3	0.3	0.3
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	580	315	265	1.8	1.9	1.7
Afro-Asiatic languages	165	95	65	0.5	0.6	0.4
Berber languages	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Kabyle	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	150	90	60	0.5	0.5	0.4
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	150	90	60	0.5	0.5	0.4
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	55	35	20	0.2	0.2	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	50	30	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Haitian Creole	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	235	120	110	0.7	0.7	0.7
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	55	35	20	0.2	0.2	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	55	35	20	0.2	0.2	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	35	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Russian	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	145	70	70	0.4	0.4	0.4
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Portuguese	15	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Romanian	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	95	45	55	0.3	0.3	0.3
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	85	40	45	0.3	0.2	0.3
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	30	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Chinese languages	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	565	325	235	1.7	2.0	1.5
English and French	370	215	155	1.1	1.3	1.0
English and non-official language(s)	55	25	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	110	65	50	0.3	0.4	0.3
English, French and non-official language(s)	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	32,490	16,515	15,970	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	510	275	240	1.6	1.7	1.5
French	29,720	15,035	14,685	91.5	91.0	92.0
Non-official language	125	60	65	0.4	0.4	0.4
Indigenous³⁹	35	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-Indigenous	95	45	50	0.3	0.3	0.3
English and French	1,420	775	645	4.4	4.7	4.0
English and non-official language(s)	130	70	55	0.4	0.4	0.3
French and non-official language(s)	390	205	185	1.2	1.2	1.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	195	95	95	0.6	0.6	0.6
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	32,490	16,515	15,970	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	32,030	16,280	15,745	98.6	98.6	98.6
Official languages	31,740	16,120	15,615	97.7	97.6	97.8
English	780	410	375	2.4	2.5	2.3
French	30,960	15,715	15,240	95.3	95.2	95.4
Non-official languages	290	160	130	0.9	1.0	0.8
Indigenous languages³⁹	60	30	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Algonquian languages	60	30	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	35	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	35	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	230	130	100	0.7	0.8	0.6
Afro-Asiatic languages	65	40	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	65	30	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	65	30	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	35	30	5	0.1	0.2	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	35	30	5	0.1	0.2	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	90	40	50	0.3	0.2	0.3
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	80	35	40	0.2	0.2	0.3
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	65	30	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	20	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	460	240	225	1.4	1.5	1.4
English and French	320	170	150	1.0	1.0	0.9
English and non-official language(s)	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	85	35	45	0.3	0.2	0.3
English, French and non-official language(s)	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	32,490	16,515	15,970	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	30,765	15,585	15,185	94.7	94.4	95.1
English	1,000	555	445	3.1	3.4	2.8
French	275	145	135	0.8	0.9	0.8
Non-official language	290	150	140	0.9	0.9	0.9
Indigenous³⁹	100	45	55	0.3	0.3	0.3
Non-Indigenous	190	105	90	0.6	0.6	0.6
English and French	20	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	75	45	35	0.2	0.3	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	40	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	20	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	32,140	16,370	15,770	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	32,125	16,365	15,760	100.0	100.0	99.9
English	11,780	6,515	5,260	36.7	39.8	33.4
French	31,815	16,190	15,625	99.0	98.9	99.1
Non-official languages	1,705	880	825	5.3	5.4	5.2
Indigenous languages³⁹	320	130	190	1.0	0.8	1.2
Algonquian languages	320	130	190	1.0	0.8	1.2
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	165	60	105	0.5	0.4	0.7
Atikamekw	30	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Cree languages	135	50	85	0.4	0.3	0.5
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	75	35	50	0.2	0.2	0.3
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	175	80	95	0.5	0.5	0.6
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	170	75	95	0.5	0.5	0.6
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,385	750	640	4.3	4.6	4.1
Afro-Asiatic languages	245	150	95	0.8	0.9	0.6
Berber languages	35	25	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Kabyle	35	25	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	230	135	95	0.7	0.8	0.6
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	230	135	95	0.7	0.8	0.6
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	75	50	30	0.2	0.3	0.2
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	70	50	20	0.2	0.3	0.1
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	70	45	15	0.2	0.3	0.1
Haitian Creole	45	35	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	760	375	385	2.4	2.3	2.4
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	70	45	20	0.2	0.3	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	70	45	20	0.2	0.3	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	45	30	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Russian	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Irish	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	60	30	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	55	30	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
German	55	30	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	640	310	330	2.0	1.9	2.1
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	50	35	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Portuguese	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	590	275	315	1.8	1.7	2.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	245	140	100	0.8	0.9	0.6
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	25	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	65	30	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	40	25	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Luba-Kasai	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Mòoré	15	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Wojenaka	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Wolof	80	55	25	0.2	0.3	0.2
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	40	25	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Chinese languages	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	32,140	16,370	15,770	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	1,670	845	825	5.2	5.2	5.2
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	1,620	825	795	5.0	5.0	5.0
First Nations (North American Indian)	990	465	525	3.1	2.8	3.3
Métis	620	345	275	1.9	2.1	1.7
Inuk (Inuit)	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-Indigenous identity	30,470	15,530	14,945	94.8	94.9	94.8
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	32,140	16,370	15,770	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	980	470	510	3.0	2.9	3.2
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	31,160	15,905	15,260	97.0	97.2	96.8
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	15,035	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	9,195	...	...	61.2	...	...
Renter	5,840	...	...	38.8	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	15,035	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	1,380	...	...	9.2	...	...
Not condominium	13,655	...	...	90.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	15,035	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	115	...	...	0.8	...	...
1 bedroom	2,305	...	...	15.3	...	...
2 bedrooms	4,310	...	...	28.7	...	...
3 bedrooms	5,055	...	...	33.6	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	3,245	...	...	21.6	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	15,035	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	4,950	...	...	32.9	...	...
5 rooms	2,930	...	...	19.5	...	...
6 rooms	1,585	...	...	10.5	...	...
7 rooms	1,620	...	...	10.8	...	...
8 or more rooms	3,940	...	...	26.2	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.9	...	...	5.9	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	15,035	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	14,960	...	...	99.5	...	...
More than one person per room	75	...	...	0.5	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	15,035	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	14,780	...	...	98.3	...	...
Not suitable	255	...	...	1.7	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	15,035	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	3,185	...	...	21.2	...	...
1961 to 1980	4,940	...	...	32.9	...	...
1981 to 1990	2,865	...	...	19.1	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,640	...	...	10.9	...	...
2001 to 2005	280	...	...	1.9	...	...
2006 to 2010	690	...	...	4.6	...	...
2011 to 2015	880	...	...	5.9	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	555	...	...	3.7	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	15,035	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	14,120	...	...	93.9	...	...
Major repairs needed	910	...	...	6.1	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	15,035	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	8,700	...	...	57.9	...	...
Two-maintainer household	6,120	...	...	40.7	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	210	...	...	1.4	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	15,035	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	605	...	...	4.0	...	...
25 to 34 years	2,305	...	...	15.3	...	...
35 to 44 years	2,415	...	...	16.1	...	...
45 to 54 years	2,300	...	...	15.3	...	...
55 to 64 years	3,365	...	...	22.4	...	...
65 to 74 years	2,490	...	...	16.6	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,200	...	...	8.0	...	...
85 years and over	350	...	...	2.3	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	15,005	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	13,170	...	...	87.8	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	1,830	...	...	12.2	...	...
30% to less than 100%	1,670	...	...	11.1	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	15,035	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	2,840	...	...	18.9	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	1,725	...	...	11.5	...	...
Not suitable only	205	...	...	1.4	...	...
Major repairs needed only	755	...	...	5.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	105	...	...	0.7	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	45	...	...	0.3	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	12,195	...	...	81.1	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	14,840	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	385	...	...	2.6	...	...
Not in core need	14,460	...	...	97.4	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	9,190	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	60.9	...	...	60.9	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	6.3	...	...	6.3	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.5	...	...	0.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,080	...	...	1,080	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,141	...	...	1,141	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	280,000	...	...	280,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	302,000	...	...	302,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	5,835	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	11.9	...	...	11.9	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	21.5	...	...	21.5	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	6.0	...	...	6.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	710	...	...	710	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	772	...	...	772	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	32,145	16,375	15,770	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	1,470	725	745	4.6	4.4	4.7
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	1,425	700	720	4.4	4.3	4.6
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	1,190	595	600	3.7	3.6	3.8
Métis single ancestry	230	105	125	0.7	0.6	0.8
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	50	20	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	50	20	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	1,350	640	715	4.2	3.9	4.5
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	1,315	625	690	4.1	3.8	4.4
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	1,120	525	590	3.5	3.2	3.7
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	190	85	105	0.6	0.5	0.7
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	40	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	29,320	15,010	14,310	91.2	91.7	90.7
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	32,145	16,375	15,770	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	31,570	16,075	15,495	98.2	98.2	98.3
Canadian citizens aged under 18	6,570	3,380	3,190	20.4	20.6	20.2
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	25,000	12,695	12,305	77.8	77.5	78.0
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	575	300	275	1.8	1.8	1.7
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	32,145	16,375	15,770	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	31,150	15,840	15,310	96.9	96.7	97.1
Immigrants⁸¹	735	370	365	2.3	2.3	2.3
Before 1980	80	45	40	0.2	0.3	0.3
1980 to 1990	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
1991 to 2000	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
2001 to 2010	125	75	55	0.4	0.5	0.3
2011 to 2021⁸²	465	220	245	1.4	1.3	1.6
2011 to 2015	225	110	115	0.7	0.7	0.7
2016 to 2021	240	110	125	0.7	0.7	0.8
Non-permanent residents⁸³	265	165	95	0.8	1.0	0.6
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	735	365	365	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	90	55	40	12.2	15.1	11.0
5 to 14 years	115	35	80	15.6	9.6	21.9
15 to 24 years	90	35	50	12.2	9.6	13.7
25 to 44 years	410	230	180	55.8	63.0	49.3
45 years and over	30	10	20	4.1	2.7	5.5
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	735	365	365	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	135	55	85	18.4	15.1	23.3
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	30	10	20	4.1	2.7	5.5
El Salvador	15	0	15	2.0	0.0	4.1
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	50	30	20	6.8	8.2	5.5
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	15	0	10	2.0	0.0	2.7
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	10	0	0	1.4	0.0	0.0
Europe	160	95	70	21.8	26.0	19.2
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	85	50	35	11.6	13.7	9.6
Germany	15	0	10	2.0	0.0	2.7
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	10	0	0	1.4	0.0	0.0
Portugal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	10	10	0	1.4	2.7	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	25	15	10	3.4	4.1	2.7
Africa	390	210	185	53.1	57.5	50.7
Algeria	35	15	20	4.8	4.1	5.5
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	30	15	15	4.1	4.1	4.1
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	40	35	10	5.4	9.6	2.7
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	280	145	135	38.1	39.7	37.0
Asia	50	15	40	6.8	4.1	11.0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	10	0	10	1.4	0.0	2.7
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	240	110	125	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	10	10	0	4.2	9.1	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	10	10	0	4.2	9.1	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	25	20	10	10.4	18.2	8.0
France	25	20	10	10.4	18.2	8.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	180	75	100	75.0	68.2	80.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	30	10	20	12.5	9.1	16.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	65	30	35	27.1	27.3	28.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	10	10	0	4.2	9.1	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	20	10	10	8.3	9.1	8.0
Other places of birth in Africa	45	20	20	18.8	18.2	16.0
Asia	25	10	15	10.4	9.1	12.0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	32,140	16,370	15,770	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	1,115	595	520	3.5	3.6	3.3
Second generation¹⁰¹	995	490	500	3.1	3.0	3.2
Third generation or more¹⁰²	30,035	15,285	14,750	93.5	93.4	93.5
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	650	325	325	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	360	225	140	55.4	69.2	43.1
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	200	160	40	30.8	49.2	12.3
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	160	60	95	24.6	18.5	29.2
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	255	80	175	39.2	24.6	53.8
Refugees¹⁰⁸	30	20	10	4.6	6.2	3.1
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	650	325	325	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	25	10	20	3.8	3.1	6.2
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	65	40	25	10.0	12.3	7.7
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	20	10	15	3.1	3.1	4.6
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	45	25	20	6.9	7.7	6.2
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	485	240	250	74.6	73.8	76.9
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	32,140	16,370	15,770	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	1,160	625	530	3.6	3.8	3.4
South Asian	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Chinese	55	15	45	0.2	0.1	0.3
Black	670	395	275	2.1	2.4	1.7
Filipino	85	45	30	0.3	0.3	0.2
Arab	205	115	90	0.6	0.7	0.6
Latin American	90	30	65	0.3	0.2	0.4
Southeast Asian	30	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple visible minorities	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	30,985	15,745	15,235	96.4	96.2	96.6
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	32,145	16,375	15,770	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	13,090	6,650	6,440	40.7	40.6	40.8
English	350	175	175	1.1	1.1	1.1
Irish	1,235	650	585	3.8	4.0	3.7
Scottish	375	205	170	1.2	1.3	1.1
French, n.o.s.¹²²	6,415	3,320	3,090	20.0	20.3	19.6
German	325	165	160	1.0	1.0	1.0
Chinese	60	20	45	0.2	0.1	0.3
Italian	310	190	120	1.0	1.2	0.8
Indian (India)	35	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
Ukrainian	50	40	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Dutch	100	60	30	0.3	0.4	0.2
Polish	235	120	115	0.7	0.7	0.7
Québécois	4,615	2,300	2,310	14.4	14.0	14.6
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	80	50	25	0.2	0.3	0.2
Filipino	80	50	30	0.2	0.3	0.2
French Canadian	3,250	1,585	1,660	10.1	9.7	10.5
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	1,115	595	520	3.5	3.6	3.3
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	905	450	455	2.8	2.7	2.9
Métis	495	225	270	1.5	1.4	1.7
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	550	285	265	1.7	1.7	1.7
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
American	170	65	105	0.5	0.4	0.7
Spanish	95	45	50	0.3	0.3	0.3
Swedish	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Hungarian	20	20	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Acadian	275	120	160	0.9	0.7	1.0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	105	70	35	0.3	0.4	0.2
Jewish	45	20	30	0.1	0.1	0.2
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	80	45	40	0.2	0.3	0.3
Greek	15	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Jamaican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	310	135	175	1.0	0.8	1.1
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanese	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	440	225	220	1.4	1.4	1.4
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	185	95	95	0.6	0.6	0.6
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	25	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Belgian	100	55	45	0.3	0.3	0.3
Haitian	60	35	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mennonite	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	75	30	40	0.2	0.2	0.3
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombian	55	25	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Moroccan	65	35	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Serbian	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Ojibway	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	20	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	65	40	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Brazilian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	740	365	370	2.3	2.2	2.3
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	70	50	20	0.2	0.3	0.1
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	15	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	35	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	20	20	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	35	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	90	10	80	0.3	0.1	0.5
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Laotian	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	40	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	65	35	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	50	30	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	45	25	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Norman	30	25	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	55	30	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	25	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	60	50	15	0.2	0.3	0.1
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	70	45	25	0.2	0.3	0.2
Bamileke	25	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	20	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	32,140	16,370	15,770	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Christian	22,930	11,475	11,445	71.3	70.1	72.6
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	1,340	700	645	4.2	4.3	4.1
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	60	20	35	0.2	0.1	0.2
Baptist	105	50	55	0.3	0.3	0.3
Catholic	20,895	10,455	10,445	65.0	63.9	66.2
Christian Orthodox	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jehovah's Witness	110	50	60	0.3	0.3	0.4
Latter Day Saints	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lutheran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	220	105	115	0.7	0.6	0.7
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	185	95	90	0.6	0.6	0.6
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	410	240	175	1.3	1.5	1.1
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Other religions and spiritual traditions	40	30	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
No religion and secular perspectives	8,715	4,600	4,115	27.1	28.1	26.1
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	31,775	16,175	15,600	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	28,460	14,530	13,930	89.6	89.8	89.3
Movers	3,315	1,640	1,670	10.4	10.1	10.7
Non-migrants	2,410	1,245	1,165	7.6	7.7	7.5
Migrants	910	400	505	2.9	2.5	3.2
Internal migrants	870	385	490	2.7	2.4	3.1
Intraprovincial migrants	835	365	470	2.6	2.3	3.0
Interprovincial migrants	35	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
External migrants	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	30,300	15,355	14,945	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	19,080	9,670	9,405	63.0	63.0	62.9
Movers	11,225	5,685	5,535	37.0	37.0	37.0
Non-migrants	7,170	3,710	3,460	23.7	24.2	23.2
Migrants	4,050	1,975	2,080	13.4	12.9	13.9
Internal migrants	3,655	1,765	1,890	12.1	11.5	12.6
Intraprovincial migrants	3,520	1,695	1,825	11.6	11.0	12.2
Interprovincial migrants	140	70	60	0.5	0.5	0.4
External migrants	395	210	185	1.3	1.4	1.2
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	26,520	13,480	13,040	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	7,775	4,445	3,330	29.3	33.0	25.5
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	18,745	9,030	9,715	70.7	67.0	74.5
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	17,225	8,810	8,420	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	3,820	2,270	1,545	22.2	25.8	18.3
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	13,410	6,540	6,875	77.9	74.2	81.7
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	26,520	13,480	13,040	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	6,685	3,660	3,025	25.2	27.2	23.2
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	5,725	2,695	3,025	21.6	20.0	23.2
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	14,110	7,125	6,980	53.2	52.9	53.5
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	10,255	5,580	4,675	38.7	41.4	35.9
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	5,715	3,635	2,075	21.5	27.0	15.9
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	4,345	2,555	1,785	16.4	19.0	13.7
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	1,375	1,080	290	5.2	8.0	2.2
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	3,865	1,710	2,160	14.6	12.7	16.6
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	675	230	440	2.5	1.7	3.4
Bachelor's degree or higher	3,855	1,545	2,305	14.5	11.5	17.7
Bachelor's degree	2,835	1,020	1,810	10.7	7.6	13.9
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	305	120	185	1.2	0.9	1.4
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	105	50	55	0.4	0.4	0.4
Master's degree	490	280	210	1.8	2.1	1.6
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	120	75	45	0.5	0.6	0.3
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	17,230	8,810	8,415	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	3,030	1,710	1,320	17.6	19.4	15.7
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	3,145	1,560	1,580	18.3	17.7	18.8
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	11,055	5,540	5,515	64.2	62.9	65.5
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	7,810	4,270	3,545	45.3	48.5	42.1
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	4,505	2,855	1,655	26.1	32.4	19.7
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	3,450	2,025	1,430	20.0	23.0	17.0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	1,055	830	225	6.1	9.4	2.7
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	2,875	1,280	1,595	16.7	14.5	19.0
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	435	135	300	2.5	1.5	3.6
Bachelor's degree or higher	3,240	1,270	1,965	18.8	14.4	23.4
Bachelor's degree	2,370	845	1,525	13.8	9.6	18.1
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	240	85	155	1.4	1.0	1.8
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	90	45	45	0.5	0.5	0.5
Master's degree	445	240	200	2.6	2.7	2.4
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	100	50	45	0.6	0.6	0.5
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	26,520	13,480	13,040	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	12,410	6,355	6,055	46.8	47.1	46.4
Education	1,140	230	910	4.3	1.7	7.0
13. Education	1,140	230	910	4.3	1.7	7.0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	215	100	120	0.8	0.7	0.9
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
50. Visual and performing arts	190	85	105	0.7	0.6	0.8
Humanities	540	240	300	2.0	1.8	2.3
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
23. English language and literature/letters	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	410	175	230	1.5	1.3	1.8
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
54. History	35	25	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Social and behavioural sciences and law	845	140	700	3.2	1.0	5.4
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	110	25	90	0.4	0.2	0.7
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	245	0	245	0.9	0.0	1.9
22. Legal professions and studies	155	40	110	0.6	0.3	0.8
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	35	0	35	0.1	0.0	0.3
42. Psychology	175	30	145	0.7	0.2	1.1
45. Social sciences	115	50	60	0.4	0.4	0.5
Business, management and public administration	3,100	830	2,275	11.7	6.2	17.4
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	345	60	290	1.3	0.4	2.2
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,760	775	1,985	10.4	5.7	15.2
Physical and life sciences and technologies	470	325	145	1.8	2.4	1.1
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	65	40	25	0.2	0.3	0.2
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	25	25	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	95	50	45	0.4	0.4	0.3
40. Physical sciences	285	215	70	1.1	1.6	0.5
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	165	115	45	0.6	0.9	0.3
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	150	115	30	0.6	0.9	0.2
25. Library science	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	4,380	3,995	380	16.5	29.6	2.9
04. Architecture and related services	40	25	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
14. Engineering	480	400	80	1.8	3.0	0.6
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	1,370	1,210	165	5.2	9.0	1.3
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	810	775	35	3.1	5.7	0.3
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,150	1,080	65	4.3	8.0	0.5
48. Precision production	535	505	25	2.0	3.7	0.2
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	365	230	135	1.4	1.7	1.0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	110	20	90	0.4	0.1	0.7
03. Natural resources and conservation	255	210	45	1.0	1.6	0.3
Health and related fields	1,715	285	1,425	6.5	2.1	10.9
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	65	25	35	0.2	0.2	0.3
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,590	235	1,360	6.0	1.7	10.4
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	50	30	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,170	620	555	4.4	4.6	4.3
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	545	115	430	2.1	0.9	3.3
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	190	125	65	0.7	0.9	0.5
49. Transportation and materials moving	435	375	55	1.6	2.8	0.4
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	17,225	8,805	8,420	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	6,175	3,270	2,905	35.8	37.1	34.5
Education	790	140	650	4.6	1.6	7.7
13. Education	790	140	650	4.6	1.6	7.7
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	180	85	95	1.0	1.0	1.1
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
50. Visual and performing arts	150	70	80	0.9	0.8	1.0
Humanities	345	155	190	2.0	1.8	2.3
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
23. English language and literature/letters	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	245	105	140	1.4	1.2	1.7
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
54. History	30	20	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Social and behavioural sciences and law	675	105	570	3.9	1.2	6.8
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	90	20	70	0.5	0.2	0.8
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	220	0	215	1.3	0.0	2.6
22. Legal professions and studies	95	30	70	0.6	0.3	0.8
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
42. Psychology	165	20	145	1.0	0.2	1.7
45. Social sciences	80	35	45	0.5	0.4	0.5
Business, management and public administration	2,425	555	1,870	14.1	6.3	22.2
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	285	55	235	1.7	0.6	2.8
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,140	505	1,635	12.4	5.7	19.4
Physical and life sciences and technologies	350	265	90	2.0	3.0	1.1
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	55	40	15	0.3	0.5	0.2
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	20	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
40. Physical sciences	260	195	65	1.5	2.2	0.8
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	145	110	40	0.8	1.2	0.5
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	130	110	20	0.8	1.2	0.2
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	3,555	3,245	315	20.6	36.9	3.7
04. Architecture and related services	40	25	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
14. Engineering	415	330	75	2.4	3.7	0.9
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	1,070	960	110	6.2	10.9	1.3
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	625	605	25	3.6	6.9	0.3
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	970	915	55	5.6	10.4	0.7
48. Precision production	440	410	25	2.6	4.7	0.3
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	310	190	120	1.8	2.2	1.4
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	100	15	80	0.6	0.2	1.0
03. Natural resources and conservation	220	175	40	1.3	2.0	0.5
Health and related fields	1,355	225	1,130	7.9	2.6	13.4
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	45	20	25	0.3	0.2	0.3
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,260	175	1,080	7.3	2.0	12.8
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	45	25	20	0.3	0.3	0.2
Personal, protective and transportation services	910	460	445	5.3	5.2	5.3
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	445	80	365	2.6	0.9	4.3
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	145	95	50	0.8	1.1	0.6
49. Transportation and materials moving	315	285	30	1.8	3.2	0.4
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	17,225	8,805	8,420	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,175	3,270	2,905	35.8	37.1	34.5
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	11,050	5,540	5,510	64.2	62.9	65.4
Location of study inside Canada	10,630	5,290	5,340	61.7	60.1	63.4
Same as province or territory of residence	10,320	5,115	5,205	59.9	58.1	61.8
Different than province or territory of residence	310	175	130	1.8	2.0	1.5
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	425	250	170	2.5	2.8	2.0
Americas	40	15	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
United States of America	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	110	75	40	0.6	0.9	0.5
Belgium	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
France	85	60	25	0.5	0.7	0.3
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	190	110	80	1.1	1.2	1.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	25	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Morocco	40	30	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Tunisia	35	25	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	95	50	45	0.6	0.6	0.5
Asia	75	50	25	0.4	0.6	0.3
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	55	45	15	0.3	0.5	0.2
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	26,520	13,480	13,040	...	...	...
In the labour force	17,545	9,345	8,195	...	...	...
Employed	16,750	8,895	7,855	...	...	...
Unemployed	790	450	340	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	8,975	4,130	4,845	...	...	...
Participation rate	66.2	69.3	62.8	66.2	69.3	62.8
Employment rate	63.2	66.0	60.2	63.2	66.0	60.2
Unemployment rate	4.5	4.8	4.1	4.5	4.8	4.1
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	26,520	13,480	13,040	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	8,520	3,840	4,680	32.1	28.5	35.9
Worked	18,000	9,640	8,365	67.9	71.5	64.1
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	9,690	5,410	4,280	36.5	40.1	32.8
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	8,310	4,230	4,085	31.3	31.4	31.3
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.8	42.4	41.1	41.8	42.4	41.1
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	17,545	9,350	8,200	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	220	105	115	1.3	1.1	1.4
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	17,320	9,240	8,085	98.7	98.8	98.6
Employee	15,900	8,435	7,465	90.6	90.2	91.0
Permanent position	13,700	7,440	6,265	78.1	79.6	76.4
Temporary position	2,195	995	1,205	12.5	10.6	14.7
Fixed term (1 year or more)	780	300	480	4.4	3.2	5.9
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	1,420	690	725	8.1	7.4	8.8
Self-employed¹⁹²	1,420	805	620	8.1	8.6	7.6
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	17,545	9,350	8,200	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	220	105	115	1.3	1.1	1.4
All occupations¹⁹¹	17,320	9,240	8,085	98.7	98.8	98.6
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	290	245	50	1.7	2.6	0.6
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,645	675	1,970	15.1	7.2	24.0
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,235	1,005	225	7.0	10.7	2.7
3 Health occupations	1,360	210	1,150	7.8	2.2	14.0
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	2,020	455	1,565	11.5	4.9	19.1
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	295	175	120	1.7	1.9	1.5
6 Sales and service occupations	4,130	1,595	2,540	23.5	17.1	31.0
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	3,535	3,265	265	20.1	34.9	3.2
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,195	1,120	80	6.8	12.0	1.0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	615	500	115	3.5	5.3	1.4
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	17,545	9,350	8,200	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	220	105	115	1.3	1.1	1.4
All industries¹⁹¹	17,320	9,240	8,085	98.7	98.8	98.6
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	200	145	55	1.1	1.6	0.7
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	2,615	2,210	400	14.9	23.6	4.9
22 Utilities	150	125	20	0.9	1.3	0.2
23 Construction	885	775	110	5.0	8.3	1.3
31-33 Manufacturing	1,160	930	230	6.6	9.9	2.8
41 Wholesale trade	540	375	165	3.1	4.0	2.0
44-45 Retail trade	2,040	865	1,175	11.6	9.3	14.3
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	865	625	245	4.9	6.7	3.0
51 Information and cultural industries	315	205	105	1.8	2.2	1.3
52 Finance and insurance	305	105	200	1.7	1.1	2.4
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	180	105	75	1.0	1.1	0.9
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	995	525	475	5.7	5.6	5.8
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	640	370	275	3.6	4.0	3.4
61 Educational services	1,165	245	925	6.6	2.6	11.3
62 Health care and social assistance	2,430	365	2,060	13.9	3.9	25.1
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	135	95	45	0.8	1.0	0.5
72 Accommodation and food services	1,065	385	680	6.1	4.1	8.3
81 Other services (except public administration)	860	445	410	4.9	4.8	5.0
91 Public administration	770	350	425	4.4	3.7	5.2
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	18,980	10,095	8,880	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	340	210	135	1.8	2.1	1.5
French	15,255	8,075	7,185	80.4	80.0	80.9
Non-official language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	3,320	1,795	1,525	17.5	17.8	17.2
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	45	15	35	0.2	0.1	0.4
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	18,980	10,095	8,880	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	18,590	9,890	8,705	97.9	98.0	98.0
Official languages	18,585	9,890	8,700	97.9	98.0	98.0
English	635	380	260	3.3	3.8	2.9
French	17,955	9,510	8,445	94.6	94.2	95.1
Non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	385	205	180	2.0	2.0	2.0
English and French	380	205	175	2.0	2.0	2.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	18,980	10,095	8,880	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	15,970	8,485	7,485	84.1	84.1	84.3
English	2,675	1,425	1,250	14.1	14.1	14.1
French	275	165	110	1.4	1.6	1.2
Non-official language	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Indigenous³⁹	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Non-Indigenous	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	16,750	8,895	7,860	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	1,415	600	815	8.4	6.7	10.4
Worked outside Canada	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
No fixed workplace address	1,870	1,390	475	11.2	15.6	6.0
Usual place of work	13,450	6,890	6,560	80.3	77.5	83.5
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	13,450	6,890	6,560	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	11,255	5,370	5,880	83.7	77.9	89.6
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	880	615	270	6.5	8.9	4.1
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	1,230	820	415	9.1	11.9	6.3
Commute to a different province or territory	80	80	0	0.6	1.2	0.0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	15,320	8,280	7,040	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	13,735	7,415	6,315	89.7	89.6	89.7
Car, truck or van - as a driver	12,915	7,055	5,855	84.3	85.2	83.2
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	820	355	460	5.4	4.3	6.5
Public transit	65	40	25	0.4	0.5	0.4
Walked	835	345	495	5.5	4.2	7.0
Bicycle	105	80	30	0.7	1.0	0.4
Other method	580	400	175	3.8	4.8	2.5
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	15,320	8,280	7,040	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	9,475	4,575	4,905	61.8	55.3	69.7
15 to 29 minutes	3,695	2,105	1,590	24.1	25.4	22.6
30 to 44 minutes	1,095	740	355	7.1	8.9	5.0
45 to 59 minutes	470	375	95	3.1	4.5	1.3
60 minutes and over	585	490	100	3.8	5.9	1.4
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	15,320	8,280	7,040	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,600	1,370	225	10.4	16.5	3.2
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	2,315	1,705	605	15.1	20.6	8.6
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	4,935	2,395	2,540	32.2	28.9	36.1
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	3,350	1,230	2,120	21.9	14.9	30.1
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,065	365	700	7.0	4.4	9.9
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	2,060	1,205	855	13.4	14.6	12.1
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	6,725	3,485	3,245	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	940	490	450	14.0	14.1	13.9
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	5,785	2,990	2,795	86.0	85.8	86.1
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	4,705	2,450	2,260	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	685	360	320	14.6	14.7	14.2
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	355	190	170	7.5	7.8	7.5
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	325	175	150	6.9	7.1	6.6
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	4,025	2,090	1,935	85.5	85.3	85.6

Symbol legend

...
not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 18, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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