Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Thetford MinesMore information: Quebec [Population centre]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	17,046	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	16,236^r	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	5.0	...	...	5.0	...	...
Total private dwellings²	8,606	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	8,069	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,129.2	...	...	1,129.2	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	15.10	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	17,045	8,075	8,970	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	2,140	1,090	1,055	12.6	13.5	11.8
0 to 4 years	625	315	310	3.7	3.9	3.5
5 to 9 years	720	380	345	4.2	4.7	3.8
10 to 14 years	795	400	395	4.7	5.0	4.4
15 to 64 years	8,885	4,450	4,440	52.1	55.1	49.5
15 to 19 years	680	360	320	4.0	4.5	3.6
20 to 24 years	720	355	365	4.2	4.4	4.1
25 to 29 years	775	415	360	4.5	5.1	4.0
30 to 34 years	755	405	345	4.4	5.0	3.8
35 to 39 years	800	430	375	4.7	5.3	4.2
40 to 44 years	910	440	475	5.3	5.4	5.3
45 to 49 years	790	390	405	4.6	4.8	4.5
50 to 54 years	855	415	440	5.0	5.1	4.9
55 to 59 years	1,195	570	625	7.0	7.1	7.0
60 to 64 years	1,400	660	735	8.2	8.2	8.2
65 years and over	6,020	2,540	3,480	35.3	31.5	38.8
65 to 69 years	1,360	655	710	8.0	8.1	7.9
70 to 74 years	1,380	645	735	8.1	8.0	8.2
75 to 79 years	1,155	500	655	6.8	6.2	7.3
80 to 84 years	875	335	545	5.1	4.1	6.1
85 years and over	1,245	405	840	7.3	5.0	9.4
85 to 89 years	715	295	420	4.2	3.7	4.7
90 to 94 years	445	90	355	2.6	1.1	4.0
95 to 99 years	75	20	50	0.4	0.2	0.6
100 years and over	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	12.6	13.5	11.8	12.6	13.5	11.8
15 to 64 years	52.1	55.1	49.5	52.1	55.1	49.5
65 years and over	35.3	31.5	38.8	35.3	31.5	38.8
85 years and over	7.3	5.0	9.4	7.3	5.0	9.4
Average age of the population	50.7	48.4	52.8	50.7	48.4	52.8
Median age of the population	55.6	51.6	58.0	55.6	51.6	58.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	8,070	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	4,610	...	...	57.1	...	...
Semi-detached house	145	...	...	1.8	...	...
Row house	70	...	...	0.9	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	1,075	...	...	13.3	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	2,110	...	...	26.1	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Other single-attached house	45	...	...	0.6	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	15	...	...	0.2	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	8,065	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	3,535	...	...	43.8	...	...
2 persons	2,960	...	...	36.7	...	...
3 persons	705	...	...	8.7	...	...
4 persons	580	...	...	7.2	...	...
5 or more persons	290	...	...	3.6	...	...
Number of persons in private households	15,475	7,550	7,925	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	1.9	...	...	1.9	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	14,910	6,985	7,920	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	7,635	3,810	3,825	51.2	54.5	48.3
Married	4,580	2,280	2,300	30.7	32.6	29.0
Living common-law	3,055	1,535	1,525	20.5	22.0	19.3
Living common law - Never married	2,375	1,185	1,185	15.9	17.0	15.0
Living common law - Separated	25	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Living common law - Divorced	575	300	280	3.9	4.3	3.5
Living common law - Widowed	85	45	40	0.6	0.6	0.5
Not married and not living common-law	7,270	3,175	4,100	48.8	45.5	51.8
Not married and not living common law - Never married	4,380	2,360	2,025	29.4	33.8	25.6
Not married and not living common law - Separated	155	65	85	1.0	0.9	1.1
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	1,335	500	835	9.0	7.2	10.5
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	1,400	250	1,150	9.4	3.6	14.5
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	4,330	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	2,840	...	...	65.6	...	...
3 persons	670	...	...	15.5	...	...
4 persons	565	...	...	13.0	...	...
5 or more persons	255	...	...	5.9	...	...
Average size of census families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	4,335	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	3,620	...	...	83.5	...	...
Married couples	2,090	...	...	48.2	...	...
With children⁶	475	...	...	11.0	...	...
Without children	1,615	...	...	37.3	...	...
Common-law couples	1,530	...	...	35.3	...	...
With children⁶	720	...	...	16.6	...	...
Without children	805	...	...	18.6	...	...
Total one-parent families	715	...	...	16.5	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	540	...	...	12.5	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	175	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	15,475	7,550	7,925	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	11,325	5,600	5,725	73.2	74.2	72.2
Married spouses or common-law partners	7,235	3,620	3,615	46.8	47.9	45.6
Parents in one-parent families	715	175	540	4.6	2.3	6.8
Children⁶	3,380	1,805	1,575	21.8	23.9	19.9
In a two-parent family	2,275	1,210	1,065	14.7	16.0	13.4
In a one-parent family	1,105	595	510	7.1	7.9	6.4
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	4,145	1,950	2,200	26.8	25.8	27.8
Living alone	3,535	1,620	1,915	22.8	21.5	24.2
Living with other relatives⁷	250	105	145	1.6	1.4	1.8
Living with non-relatives only	365	225	135	2.4	3.0	1.7
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	8,065	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	4,215	...	...	52.3	...	...
Couple-family households	3,555	...	...	44.1	...	...
With children⁶	1,165	...	...	14.4	...	...
Without children	2,390	...	...	29.6	...	...
One-parent-family households	665	...	...	8.2	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	30	...	...	0.4	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	70	...	...	0.9	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	215	...	...	2.7	...	...
One-person households	3,535	...	...	43.8	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	13,340	6,465	6,875	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	13,190	6,405	6,785	98.9	99.1	98.7
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,200	40,000	31,600	35,200	40,000	31,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	13,190	6,405	6,785	98.9	99.1	98.7
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	32,000	35,600	29,000	32,000	35,600	29,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	11,490	5,780	5,710	86.1	89.4	83.1
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	27,200	32,000	22,800	27,200	32,000	22,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	8,215	4,390	3,825	61.6	67.9	55.6
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	31,400	34,800	27,800	31,400	34,800	27,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	11,710	5,540	6,170	87.8	85.7	89.7
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	13,600	12,700	14,000	13,600	12,700	14,000
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,570	870	700	11.8	13.5	10.2
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,160	5,000	5,360	5,160	5,000	5,360
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	3,415	1,885	1,530	25.6	29.2	22.3
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	6,000	7,000	6,000	6,000	7,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	13,325	6,500	6,825	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	13,180	6,435	6,750	98.9	99.0	98.9
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,320	45,600	39,200	42,320	45,600	39,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	13,180	6,435	6,750	98.9	99.0	98.9
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,280	38,400	34,240	36,280	38,400	34,240
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	11,530	5,790	5,740	86.5	89.1	84.1
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,040	38,560	31,520	35,040	38,560	31,520
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	8,390	4,445	3,945	63.0	68.4	57.8
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,000	38,800	34,960	37,000	38,800	34,960
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	11,605	5,500	6,110	87.1	84.6	89.5
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	13,260	12,770	13,700	13,260	12,770	13,700
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,655	910	745	12.4	14.0	10.9
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,110	5,530	6,820	6,110	5,530	6,820
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	3,400	1,920	1,475	25.5	29.5	21.6
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,230	7,020	7,490	7,230	7,020	7,490
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	13,325	6,505	6,825	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	3,630	1,945	1,690	27.2	29.9	24.8
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	50,800	53,200	47,200	50,800	53,200	47,200
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	56,850	58,650	54,800	56,850	58,650	54,800
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	3,715	1,845	1,870	27.9	28.4	27.4
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	19,000	21,600	16,600	19,000	21,600	16,600
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	25,160	28,200	22,180	25,160	28,200	22,180
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	72.4	76.0	68.4	72.4	76.0	68.4
Employment income (%)¹⁹	55.6	58.8	52.1	55.6	58.8	52.1
Government transfers (%)²⁰	27.6	23.9	31.6	27.6	23.9	31.6
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.8	1.7	1.9	1.8	1.7	1.9
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.5	5.5	5.4	5.5	5.5	5.4
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.4	4.6	4.2	4.4	4.6	4.2
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	13,335	6,460	6,870	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	150	60	90	1.1	0.9	1.3
With total income	13,185	6,400	6,785	98.9	99.1	98.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	695	290	405	5.3	4.5	6.0
$10,000 to $19,999	1,925	665	1,260	14.6	10.4	18.6
$20,000 to $29,999	2,810	1,265	1,550	21.3	19.8	22.8
$30,000 to $39,999	2,085	995	1,085	15.8	15.5	16.0
$40,000 to $49,999	1,815	965	850	13.8	15.1	12.5
$50,000 to $59,999	1,425	790	630	10.8	12.3	9.3
$60,000 to $69,999	835	495	335	6.3	7.7	4.9
$70,000 to $79,999	490	300	190	3.7	4.7	2.8
$80,000 to $89,999	365	185	180	2.8	2.9	2.7
$90,000 to $99,999	240	120	120	1.8	1.9	1.8
$100,000 and over	500	330	175	3.8	5.2	2.6
$100,000 to $149,999	380	245	130	2.9	3.8	1.9
$150,000 and over	125	85	40	0.9	1.3	0.6
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	13,335	6,460	6,870	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	150	60	90	1.1	0.9	1.3
With after-tax income	13,185	6,400	6,785	98.9	99.1	98.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	745	305	440	5.7	4.8	6.5
$10,000 to $19,999	2,020	710	1,310	15.3	11.1	19.3
$20,000 to $29,999	3,265	1,500	1,770	24.8	23.4	26.1
$30,000 to $39,999	2,560	1,285	1,275	19.4	20.1	18.8
$40,000 to $49,999	2,015	1,130	885	15.3	17.7	13.0
$50,000 to $59,999	1,140	675	465	8.6	10.5	6.9
$60,000 to $69,999	615	330	285	4.7	5.2	4.2
$70,000 to $79,999	345	160	185	2.6	2.5	2.7
$80,000 to $89,999	185	105	75	1.4	1.6	1.1
$90,000 to $99,999	115	75	40	0.9	1.2	0.6
$100,000 and over	185	125	60	1.4	2.0	0.9
$100,000 to $124,999	105	70	35	0.8	1.1	0.5
$125,000 and over	80	55	25	0.6	0.9	0.4
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	13,335	6,460	6,870	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	5,120	2,070	3,045	38.4	32.0	44.3
With employment income	8,220	4,395	3,830	61.6	68.0	55.7
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,145	620	520	13.9	14.1	13.6
$5,000 to $9,999	720	345	370	8.8	7.8	9.7
$10,000 to $19,999	1,090	465	625	13.3	10.6	16.3
$20,000 to $29,999	995	485	510	12.1	11.0	13.3
$30,000 to $39,999	1,075	570	500	13.1	13.0	13.1
$40,000 to $49,999	975	575	400	11.9	13.1	10.4
$50,000 to $59,999	735	445	290	8.9	10.1	7.6
$60,000 to $69,999	440	275	165	5.4	6.3	4.3
$70,000 to $79,999	280	165	115	3.4	3.8	3.0
$80,000 to $89,999	300	145	160	3.6	3.3	4.2
$90,000 to $99,999	150	90	60	1.8	2.0	1.6
$100,000 and over	325	225	100	4.0	5.1	2.6
$100,000 to $124,999	185	125	60	2.3	2.8	1.6
$125,000 and over	140	95	40	1.7	2.2	1.0
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	13,340	6,465	6,875	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	13,090	6,345	6,745	98.1	98.1	98.1
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	32,800	37,600	28,200	32,800	37,600	28,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	13,095	6,345	6,750	98.2	98.1	98.2
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	29,800	33,200	26,200	29,800	33,200	26,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	11,375	5,685	5,690	85.3	87.9	82.8
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	28,400	34,000	23,800	28,400	34,000	23,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	8,355	4,395	3,960	62.6	68.0	57.6
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	31,800	36,400	27,400	31,800	36,400	27,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	10,810	4,985	5,820	81.0	77.1	84.7
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,800	9,600	11,400	10,800	9,600	11,400
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	1,465	795	670	11.0	12.3	9.7
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	3,880	3,880	3,760	3,880	3,880	3,760
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	13,325	6,500	6,825	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	13,090	6,395	6,695	98.2	98.4	98.1
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,680	43,520	36,040	39,680	43,520	36,040
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	13,090	6,395	6,700	98.2	98.4	98.2
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	33,880	36,520	31,320	33,880	36,520	31,320
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	11,375	5,680	5,700	85.4	87.4	83.5
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,360	40,000	30,720	35,360	40,000	30,720
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	8,445	4,410	4,035	63.4	67.8	59.1
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,880	39,840	33,680	36,880	39,840	33,680
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	10,645	4,935	5,710	79.9	75.9	83.7
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	11,020	10,360	11,580	11,020	10,360	11,580
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,530	860	665	11.5	13.2	9.7
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,690	4,930	6,660	5,690	4,930	6,660
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	13,325	6,505	6,825	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	3,605	1,920	1,685	27.1	29.5	24.7
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	48,800	52,400	44,800	48,800	52,400	44,800
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	53,850	56,900	50,440	53,850	56,900	50,440
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	3,585	1,760	1,825	26.9	27.1	26.7
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	22,000	24,200	20,000	22,000	24,200	20,000
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	27,560	30,880	24,380	27,560	30,880	24,380
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	77.4	81.6	72.6	77.4	81.6	72.6
Employment income (%)	60.0	63.2	56.4	60.0	63.2	56.4
Government transfers (%)	22.6	18.4	27.4	22.6	18.4	27.4
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.7	1.5	1.8	1.7	1.5	1.8
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	8,070	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	54,000	...	...	54,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	48,000	...	...	48,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	3,535	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	32,800	...	...	32,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	30,200	...	...	30,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	4,535	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	80,000	...	...	80,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	71,000	...	...	71,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	8,015	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	69,600	...	...	69,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	59,650	...	...	59,650	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	3,500	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	39,560	...	...	39,560	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	34,520	...	...	34,520	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	4,515	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	92,900	...	...	92,900	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	79,200	...	...	79,200	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	8,070	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	55	...	...	0.7	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	45	...	...	0.6	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	185	...	...	2.3	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	250	...	...	3.1	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	780	...	...	9.7	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	400	...	...	5.0	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	430	...	...	5.3	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	540	...	...	6.7	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	540	...	...	6.7	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	465	...	...	5.8	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	795	...	...	9.9	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	615	...	...	7.6	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	510	...	...	6.3	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	490	...	...	6.1	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	425	...	...	5.3	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,550	...	...	19.2	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	660	...	...	8.2	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	370	...	...	4.6	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	320	...	...	4.0	...	...
$200,000 and over	195	...	...	2.4	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	8,070	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	60	...	...	0.7	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	50	...	...	0.6	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	190	...	...	2.4	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	265	...	...	3.3	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	820	...	...	10.2	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	520	...	...	6.4	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	545	...	...	6.8	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	635	...	...	7.9	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	610	...	...	7.6	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	500	...	...	6.2	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	830	...	...	10.3	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	625	...	...	7.7	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	620	...	...	7.7	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	470	...	...	5.8	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	315	...	...	3.9	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,025	...	...	12.7	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	540	...	...	6.7	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	230	...	...	2.9	...	...
$150,000 and over	255	...	...	3.2	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	4,395	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	80,000	...	...	80,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	71,000	...	...	71,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	2,400	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	70,000	...	...	70,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	63,200	...	...	63,200	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	1,195	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	119,000	...	...	119,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	102,000	...	...	102,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	710	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	62,400	...	...	62,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	56,800	...	...	56,800	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	3,895	1,845	2,050	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	32,800	36,000	29,600	32,800	36,000	29,600
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	30,000	32,400	28,200	30,000	32,400	28,200
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	4,395	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	93,400	...	...	93,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	79,500	...	...	79,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,355	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	81,900	...	...	81,900	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	70,000	...	...	70,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,195	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	136,000	...	...	136,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	113,200	...	...	113,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	755	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	64,200	...	...	64,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	57,700	...	...	57,700	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	3,830	1,845	1,980	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	38,440	38,680	38,200	38,440	38,680	38,200
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	33,600	33,200	34,000	33,600	33,200	34,000
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	15,475	7,550	7,925	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	2,530	1,290	1,240	16.3	17.1	15.6
0 to 5 years	755	375	380	4.9	5.0	4.8
18 to 64 years	8,405	4,205	4,205	54.3	55.7	53.1
65 years and over	4,535	2,055	2,480	29.3	27.2	31.3
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	2,560	1,105	1,450	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	315	165	155	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	110	55	55	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	1,100	530	575	...	...	...
65 years and over	1,140	415	725	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	16.5	14.7	18.3	16.5	14.7	18.3
0 to 17 years (%)	12.6	12.8	12.4	12.6	12.8	12.4
0 to 5 years (%)	14.8	14.8	14.4	14.8	14.8	14.4
18 to 64 years (%)	13.1	12.6	13.6	13.1	12.6	13.6
65 years and over (%)	25.1	20.2	29.2	25.1	20.2	29.2
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	15,475	7,550	7,925	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	2,530	1,290	1,240	16.3	17.1	15.6
0 to 5 years	750	375	375	4.8	5.0	4.7
18 to 64 years	8,405	4,205	4,200	54.3	55.7	53.0
65 years and over	4,540	2,055	2,480	29.3	27.2	31.3
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	545	285	265	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	40	25	20	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	15	10	5	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	445	240	205	...	...	...
65 years and over	65	20	40	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.5	3.8	3.3	3.5	3.8	3.3
0 to 17 years (%)	1.7	1.9	1.4	1.7	1.9	1.4
0 to 5 years (%)	1.8	2.0	1.6	1.8	2.0	1.6
18 to 64 years (%)	5.3	5.7	4.9	5.3	5.7	4.9
65 years and over (%)	1.4	1.0	1.7	1.4	1.0	1.7
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	15,475	7,550	7,925	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	10,630	5,095	5,540	68.7	67.5	69.9
In bottom decile	2,050	885	1,165	13.2	11.7	14.7
In second decile	2,490	1,165	1,330	16.1	15.4	16.8
In third decile	2,165	1,055	1,110	14.0	14.0	14.0
In fourth decile	2,085	1,055	1,025	13.5	14.0	12.9
In fifth decile	1,840	935	910	11.9	12.4	11.5
In top half of the distribution	4,845	2,455	2,390	31.3	32.5	30.2
In sixth decile	1,525	765	760	9.9	10.1	9.6
In seventh decile	1,320	665	660	8.5	8.8	8.3
In eighth decile	905	465	440	5.8	6.2	5.6
In ninth decile	670	345	325	4.3	4.6	4.1
In top decile	420	215	200	2.7	2.8	2.5
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	15,475	...	...	15,475	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.303	...	...	0.303	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.474	...	...	0.474	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.260	...	...	0.260	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.2	...	...	3.2	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	16,740	7,950	8,795	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	55	45	10	0.3	0.6	0.1
French only	12,705	5,710	6,995	75.9	71.8	79.5
English and French	3,935	2,160	1,775	23.5	27.2	20.2
Neither English nor French	50	30	15	0.3	0.4	0.2
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	16,740	7,950	8,795	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	185	110	75	1.1	1.4	0.9
French	16,435	7,765	8,675	98.2	97.7	98.6
English and French	85	45	35	0.5	0.6	0.4
Neither English nor French	40	30	15	0.2	0.4	0.2
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	16,740	7,950	8,795	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	16,570	7,850	8,720	99.0	98.7	99.1
Official languages	16,185	7,635	8,555	96.7	96.0	97.3
English	150	85	65	0.9	1.1	0.7
French	16,040	7,550	8,490	95.8	95.0	96.5
Non-official languages	385	220	165	2.3	2.8	1.9
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	385	220	165	2.3	2.8	1.9
Afro-Asiatic languages	100	60	35	0.6	0.8	0.4
Berber languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	90	65	30	0.5	0.8	0.3
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	90	65	30	0.5	0.8	0.3
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	20	15	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Haitian Creole	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	200	105	95	1.2	1.3	1.1
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
German	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	180	90	90	1.1	1.1	1.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Portuguese	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	165	85	80	1.0	1.1	0.9
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Lao	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Thai	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	175	100	80	1.0	1.3	0.9
English and French	110	60	50	0.7	0.8	0.6
English and non-official language(s)	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	50	30	25	0.3	0.4	0.3
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	16,740	7,950	8,795	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	90	55	35	0.5	0.7	0.4
French	15,755	7,400	8,355	94.1	93.1	95.0
Non-official language	125	80	50	0.7	1.0	0.6
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	125	75	50	0.7	0.9	0.6
English and French	445	225	220	2.7	2.8	2.5
English and non-official language(s)	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	265	155	110	1.6	1.9	1.3
English, French and non-official language(s)	50	25	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	16,740	7,950	8,795	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	16,555	7,850	8,705	98.9	98.7	99.0
Official languages	16,300	7,690	8,610	97.4	96.7	97.9
English	125	70	55	0.7	0.9	0.6
French	16,175	7,615	8,555	96.6	95.8	97.3
Non-official languages	255	160	95	1.5	2.0	1.1
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	255	155	95	1.5	1.9	1.1
Afro-Asiatic languages	50	35	15	0.3	0.4	0.2
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	45	35	10	0.3	0.4	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	45	35	10	0.3	0.4	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	145	80	65	0.9	1.0	0.7
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	135	75	60	0.8	0.9	0.7
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	130	70	55	0.8	0.9	0.6
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages	10	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	190	95	95	1.1	1.2	1.1
English and French	95	45	50	0.6	0.6	0.6
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	95	50	40	0.6	0.6	0.5
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	16,745	7,945	8,795	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	16,140	7,620	8,520	96.4	95.9	96.9
English	340	175	170	2.0	2.2	1.9
French	140	85	55	0.8	1.1	0.6
Non-official language	80	45	30	0.5	0.6	0.3
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	80	45	30	0.5	0.6	0.3
English and French	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
English and non-official language(s)	20	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	15,420	7,530	7,895	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	15,365	7,500	7,870	99.6	99.6	99.7
English	3,935	2,215	1,730	25.5	29.4	21.9
French	15,345	7,485	7,860	99.5	99.4	99.6
Non-official languages	810	430	380	5.3	5.7	4.8
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	805	425	380	5.2	5.6	4.8
Afro-Asiatic languages	125	85	40	0.8	1.1	0.5
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	110	75	35	0.7	1.0	0.4
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	110	75	35	0.7	1.0	0.4
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	40	15	20	0.3	0.2	0.3
Haitian Creole	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	515	250	265	3.3	3.3	3.4
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	25	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	25	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
German	25	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	470	240	235	3.0	3.2	3.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Portuguese	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	445	220	220	2.9	2.9	2.8
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	25	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Sign languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Chinese languages	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	15,420	7,525	7,895	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	200	105	95	1.3	1.4	1.2
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	185	95	95	1.2	1.3	1.2
First Nations (North American Indian)	140	60	85	0.9	0.8	1.1
Métis	45	35	10	0.3	0.5	0.1
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Non-Indigenous identity	15,220	7,420	7,795	98.7	98.6	98.7
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	15,420	7,525	7,895	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	15,405	7,515	7,890	99.9	99.9	99.9
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	8,015	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	4,835	...	...	60.3	...	...
Renter	3,185	...	...	39.7	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	8,015	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	630	...	...	7.9	...	...
Not condominium	7,390	...	...	92.2	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	8,015	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	15	...	...	0.2	...	...
1 bedroom	1,010	...	...	12.6	...	...
2 bedrooms	2,555	...	...	31.9	...	...
3 bedrooms	2,885	...	...	36.0	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,555	...	...	19.4	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	8,015	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	2,525	...	...	31.5	...	...
5 rooms	1,535	...	...	19.2	...	...
6 rooms	1,050	...	...	13.1	...	...
7 rooms	935	...	...	11.7	...	...
8 or more rooms	1,970	...	...	24.6	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.0	...	...	6.0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	8,015	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	8,005	...	...	99.9	...	...
More than one person per room	10	...	...	0.1	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	8,015	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	7,955	...	...	99.3	...	...
Not suitable	60	...	...	0.7	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	8,015	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	3,410	...	...	42.5	...	...
1961 to 1980	2,960	...	...	36.9	...	...
1981 to 1990	535	...	...	6.7	...	...
1991 to 2000	450	...	...	5.6	...	...
2001 to 2005	130	...	...	1.6	...	...
2006 to 2010	170	...	...	2.1	...	...
2011 to 2015	165	...	...	2.1	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	195	...	...	2.4	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	8,015	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	7,665	...	...	95.6	...	...
Major repairs needed	345	...	...	4.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	8,015	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	5,265	...	...	65.7	...	...
Two-maintainer household	2,650	...	...	33.1	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	100	...	...	1.2	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	8,015	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	270	...	...	3.4	...	...
25 to 34 years	875	...	...	10.9	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,200	...	...	15.0	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,095	...	...	13.7	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,585	...	...	19.8	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,645	...	...	20.5	...	...
75 to 84 years	960	...	...	12.0	...	...
85 years and over	390	...	...	4.9	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	8,010	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	7,060	...	...	88.1	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	950	...	...	11.9	...	...
30% to less than 100%	880	...	...	11.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	8,020	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	1,300	...	...	16.2	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	900	...	...	11.2	...	...
Not suitable only	60	...	...	0.7	...	...
Major repairs needed only	290	...	...	3.6	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	55	...	...	0.7	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	6,715	...	...	83.7	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	7,945	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	210	...	...	2.6	...	...
Not in core need	7,735	...	...	97.4	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	4,830	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	52.2	...	...	52.2	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	7.1	...	...	7.1	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	1.0	...	...	1.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	695	...	...	695	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	814	...	...	814	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	150,000	...	...	150,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	162,400	...	...	162,400	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	3,180	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	8.8	...	...	8.8	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	19.2	...	...	19.2	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	4.9	...	...	4.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	524	...	...	524	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	584	...	...	584	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	15,420	7,525	7,890	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	245	120	130	1.6	1.6	1.6
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	245	120	130	1.6	1.6	1.6
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	195	85	110	1.3	1.1	1.4
Métis single ancestry	55	30	20	0.4	0.4	0.3
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	255	95	155	1.7	1.3	2.0
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	255	95	155	1.7	1.3	2.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	215	70	145	1.4	0.9	1.8
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	25	10	10	0.2	0.1	0.1
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	14,920	7,320	7,605	96.8	97.3	96.4
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	15,420	7,530	7,890	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	15,005	7,285	7,715	97.3	96.7	97.8
Canadian citizens aged under 18	2,380	1,205	1,180	15.4	16.0	15.0
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	12,615	6,080	6,540	81.8	80.7	82.9
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	415	240	175	2.7	3.2	2.2
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	15,420	7,530	7,890	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	14,765	7,165	7,595	95.8	95.2	96.3
Immigrants⁸¹	340	165	175	2.2	2.2	2.2
Before 1980	35	0	35	0.2	0.0	0.4
1980 to 1990	65	45	20	0.4	0.6	0.3
1991 to 2000	40	15	25	0.3	0.2	0.3
2001 to 2010	85	55	30	0.6	0.7	0.4
2011 to 2021⁸²	115	50	70	0.7	0.7	0.9
2011 to 2015	40	25	15	0.3	0.3	0.2
2016 to 2021	70	25	50	0.5	0.3	0.6
Non-permanent residents⁸³	315	200	120	2.0	2.7	1.5
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	340	160	180	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	35	10	20	10.3	6.3	11.1
5 to 14 years	45	25	20	13.2	15.6	11.1
15 to 24 years	70	30	35	20.6	18.8	19.4
25 to 44 years	175	80	90	51.5	50.0	50.0
45 years and over	15	10	10	4.4	6.3	5.6
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	340	160	180	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	130	50	85	38.2	31.3	47.2
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	35	15	15	10.3	9.4	8.3
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	15	10	10	4.4	6.3	5.6
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	15	0	15	4.4	0.0	8.3
Peru	10	0	10	2.9	0.0	5.6
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	25	0	20	7.4	0.0	11.1
Other places of birth in Americas	25	15	15	7.4	9.4	8.3
Europe	95	55	40	27.9	34.4	22.2
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	45	25	15	13.2	15.6	8.3
Germany	10	0	10	2.9	0.0	5.6
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	10	0	10	2.9	0.0	5.6
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portugal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	10	10	0	2.9	6.3	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	20	15	10	5.9	9.4	5.6
Africa	80	35	40	23.5	21.9	22.2
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	25	0	15	7.4	0.0	8.3
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	60	30	25	17.6	18.8	13.9
Asia	40	25	15	11.8	15.6	8.3
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	10	10	10	2.9	6.3	5.6
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	75	25	50	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	20	0	20	26.7	0.0	40.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	10	0	10	13.3	0.0	20.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	15	0	10	20.0	0.0	20.0
France	15	0	0	20.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	35	15	25	46.7	60.0	50.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	25	10	15	33.3	40.0	30.0
Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	15,420	7,525	7,895	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	710	395	320	4.6	5.2	4.1
Second generation¹⁰¹	400	205	190	2.6	2.7	2.4
Third generation or more¹⁰²	14,310	6,925	7,385	92.8	92.0	93.5
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	305	160	145	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	150	85	65	49.2	53.1	44.8
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	100	70	30	32.8	43.8	20.7
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	45	10	35	14.8	6.3	24.1
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	80	40	50	26.2	25.0	34.5
Refugees¹⁰⁸	60	30	30	19.7	18.8	20.7
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	15	10	0	4.9	6.3	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	305	160	145	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	15	0	10	4.9	0.0	6.9
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	60	25	35	19.7	15.6	24.1
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	35	15	15	11.5	9.4	10.3
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	190	110	80	62.3	68.8	55.2
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	15,420	7,525	7,895	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	535	305	230	3.5	4.1	2.9
South Asian	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Chinese	40	15	25	0.3	0.2	0.3
Black	180	100	75	1.2	1.3	0.9
Filipino	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arab	85	60	20	0.6	0.8	0.3
Latin American	165	80	85	1.1	1.1	1.1
Southeast Asian	25	25	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple visible minorities	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	14,885	7,225	7,665	96.5	96.0	97.1
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	15,415	7,530	7,895	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	6,690	3,225	3,470	43.4	42.8	44.0
English	120	60	60	0.8	0.8	0.8
Irish	450	190	255	2.9	2.5	3.2
Scottish	145	65	80	0.9	0.9	1.0
French, n.o.s.¹²²	3,315	1,640	1,675	21.5	21.8	21.2
German	180	85	95	1.2	1.1	1.2
Chinese	40	15	25	0.3	0.2	0.3
Italian	100	50	50	0.6	0.7	0.6
Indian (India)	20	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Ukrainian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dutch	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Québécois	2,145	1,055	1,090	13.9	14.0	13.8
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Filipino	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
French Canadian	1,625	795	830	10.5	10.6	10.5
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	375	170	200	2.4	2.3	2.5
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	165	45	115	1.1	0.6	1.5
Métis	75	40	30	0.5	0.5	0.4
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	170	65	105	1.1	0.9	1.3
Russian	25	10	10	0.2	0.1	0.1
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	25	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
American	50	35	15	0.3	0.5	0.2
Spanish	50	30	20	0.3	0.4	0.3
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Acadian	25	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	60	25	35	0.4	0.3	0.4
Jewish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	40	25	15	0.3	0.3	0.2
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Lebanese	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	195	120	75	1.3	1.6	0.9
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belgian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Haitian	25	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	55	30	25	0.4	0.4	0.3
Mennonite	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	25	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	60	20	35	0.4	0.3	0.4
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombian	65	35	25	0.4	0.5	0.3
Moroccan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	25	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	95	40	50	0.6	0.5	0.6
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	30	20	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Brunswicker	20	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	65	50	15	0.4	0.7	0.2
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	75	35	40	0.5	0.5	0.5
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	50	25	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	20	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Norman	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	20	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	25	25	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	15,420	7,525	7,890	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian	12,215	5,800	6,405	79.2	77.1	81.2
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	980	485	490	6.4	6.4	6.2
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	35	30	10	0.2	0.4	0.1
Baptist	30	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.3
Catholic	10,990	5,190	5,805	71.3	69.0	73.6
Christian Orthodox	25	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Jehovah's Witness	65	25	40	0.4	0.3	0.5
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lutheran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	20	20	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	45	35	15	0.3	0.5	0.2
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	125	90	40	0.8	1.2	0.5
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	35	20	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
No religion and secular perspectives	3,050	1,615	1,430	19.8	21.5	18.1
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	15,285	7,470	7,820	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	13,580	6,610	6,970	88.8	88.5	89.1
Movers	1,705	855	845	11.2	11.4	10.8
Non-migrants	1,125	570	550	7.4	7.6	7.0
Migrants	585	285	300	3.8	3.8	3.8
Internal migrants	520	265	255	3.4	3.5	3.3
Intraprovincial migrants	510	260	245	3.3	3.5	3.1
Interprovincial migrants	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
External migrants	65	20	50	0.4	0.3	0.6
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	14,780	7,195	7,580	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	9,585	4,655	4,930	64.9	64.7	65.0
Movers	5,195	2,540	2,655	35.1	35.3	35.0
Non-migrants	2,840	1,400	1,445	19.2	19.5	19.1
Migrants	2,360	1,145	1,215	16.0	15.9	16.0
Internal migrants	2,060	975	1,080	13.9	13.6	14.2
Intraprovincial migrants	2,010	960	1,050	13.6	13.3	13.9
Interprovincial migrants	45	15	30	0.3	0.2	0.4
External migrants	300	170	130	2.0	2.4	1.7
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	13,325	6,500	6,825	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	3,345	1,665	1,675	25.1	25.6	24.5
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	9,985	4,835	5,150	74.9	74.4	75.5
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	7,440	3,750	3,695	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,370	775	595	18.4	20.7	16.1
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	6,075	2,970	3,100	81.7	79.2	83.9
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	13,325	6,500	6,825	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,960	1,420	1,535	22.2	21.8	22.5
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	2,880	1,390	1,485	21.6	21.4	21.8
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	7,485	3,685	3,800	56.2	56.7	55.7
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	5,890	2,960	2,930	44.2	45.5	42.9
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,745	1,705	1,035	20.6	26.2	15.2
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	2,060	1,155	905	15.5	17.8	13.3
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	680	550	135	5.1	8.5	2.0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	2,620	1,090	1,535	19.7	16.8	22.5
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	530	175	360	4.0	2.7	5.3
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,590	725	870	11.9	11.2	12.7
Bachelor's degree	1,125	505	625	8.4	7.8	9.2
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	155	65	90	1.2	1.0	1.3
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	65	20	45	0.5	0.3	0.7
Master's degree	225	115	110	1.7	1.8	1.6
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	25	15	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	7,445	3,745	3,695	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,130	625	510	15.2	16.7	13.8
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,215	650	565	16.3	17.4	15.3
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	5,100	2,475	2,625	68.5	66.1	71.0
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	3,945	2,015	1,930	53.0	53.8	52.2
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,985	1,225	755	26.7	32.7	20.4
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	1,495	830	665	20.1	22.2	18.0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	490	395	95	6.6	10.5	2.6
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,710	715	995	23.0	19.1	26.9
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	255	75	180	3.4	2.0	4.9
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,155	460	695	15.5	12.3	18.8
Bachelor's degree	805	320	485	10.8	8.5	13.1
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	120	45	75	1.6	1.2	2.0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	50	10	40	0.7	0.3	1.1
Master's degree	160	75	90	2.1	2.0	2.4
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	20	15	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	13,330	6,500	6,825	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	5,840	2,820	3,025	43.8	43.4	44.3
Education	790	195	595	5.9	3.0	8.7
13. Education	790	195	595	5.9	3.0	8.7
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	130	70	55	1.0	1.1	0.8
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	35	35	0	0.3	0.5	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	95	40	55	0.7	0.6	0.8
Humanities	370	180	185	2.8	2.8	2.7
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	35	0	35	0.3	0.0	0.5
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	245	125	120	1.8	1.9	1.8
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.2
54. History	25	15	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	30	20	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	410	120	290	3.1	1.8	4.2
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	35	0	25	0.3	0.0	0.4
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	145	0	140	1.1	0.0	2.1
22. Legal professions and studies	70	35	30	0.5	0.5	0.4
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
42. Psychology	60	15	50	0.5	0.2	0.7
45. Social sciences	95	60	25	0.7	0.9	0.4
Business, management and public administration	1,450	480	970	10.9	7.4	14.2
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	75	15	60	0.6	0.2	0.9
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,375	465	910	10.3	7.2	13.3
Physical and life sciences and technologies	135	70	65	1.0	1.1	1.0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	25	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	40	0	35	0.3	0.0	0.5
40. Physical sciences	40	40	0	0.3	0.6	0.0
41. Science technologies/technicians	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	135	105	25	1.0	1.6	0.4
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	115	90	20	0.9	1.4	0.3
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	20	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.1
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	2,045	1,905	140	15.3	29.3	2.1
04. Architecture and related services	40	30	15	0.3	0.5	0.2
14. Engineering	170	155	20	1.3	2.4	0.3
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	405	355	55	3.0	5.5	0.8
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	385	375	10	2.9	5.8	0.1
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	545	530	15	4.1	8.2	0.2
48. Precision production	490	460	25	3.7	7.1	0.4
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	90	35	55	0.7	0.5	0.8
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	75	20	55	0.6	0.3	0.8
03. Natural resources and conservation	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Health and related fields	1,260	240	1,025	9.5	3.7	15.0
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	70	45	25	0.5	0.7	0.4
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,175	185	990	8.8	2.8	14.5
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	665	285	380	5.0	4.4	5.6
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	430	85	350	3.2	1.3	5.1
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	95	75	20	0.7	1.2	0.3
49. Transportation and materials moving	135	125	10	1.0	1.9	0.1
Other¹⁷⁹	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	7,440	3,750	3,690	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	2,345	1,275	1,070	31.5	34.0	29.0
Education	425	75	350	5.7	2.0	9.5
13. Education	425	75	350	5.7	2.0	9.5
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	105	50	50	1.4	1.3	1.4
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	25	20	0	0.3	0.5	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	80	25	50	1.1	0.7	1.4
Humanities	170	75	90	2.3	2.0	2.4
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.3
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	120	50	60	1.6	1.3	1.6
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	10	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
54. History	15	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	15	15	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	310	80	230	4.2	2.1	6.2
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	25	0	25	0.3	0.0	0.7
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	125	0	120	1.7	0.0	3.3
22. Legal professions and studies	45	15	30	0.6	0.4	0.8
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	50	10	30	0.7	0.3	0.8
45. Social sciences	60	40	20	0.8	1.1	0.5
Business, management and public administration	985	285	700	13.2	7.6	19.0
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	50	0	50	0.7	0.0	1.4
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	935	280	660	12.6	7.5	17.9
Physical and life sciences and technologies	75	45	20	1.0	1.2	0.5
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	20	10	10	0.3	0.3	0.3
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	35	35	0	0.5	0.9	0.0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	90	75	15	1.2	2.0	0.4
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	85	70	15	1.1	1.9	0.4
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,465	1,350	115	19.7	36.0	3.1
04. Architecture and related services	35	25	0	0.5	0.7	0.0
14. Engineering	140	120	15	1.9	3.2	0.4
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	310	260	50	4.2	6.9	1.4
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	265	255	10	3.6	6.8	0.3
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	380	370	10	5.1	9.9	0.3
48. Precision production	335	315	20	4.5	8.4	0.5
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	80	30	50	1.1	0.8	1.4
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	65	15	50	0.9	0.4	1.4
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Health and related fields	915	200	715	12.3	5.3	19.4
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	60	40	20	0.8	1.1	0.5
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	845	155	690	11.4	4.1	18.7
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.3
Personal, protective and transportation services	480	205	270	6.5	5.5	7.3
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	300	50	250	4.0	1.3	6.8
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	70	55	15	0.9	1.5	0.4
49. Transportation and materials moving	110	95	10	1.5	2.5	0.3
Other¹⁷⁹	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.3
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	7,440	3,750	3,690	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,345	1,275	1,070	31.5	34.0	29.0
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	5,100	2,475	2,625	68.5	66.0	71.1
Location of study inside Canada	4,840	2,315	2,525	65.1	61.7	68.4
Same as province or territory of residence	4,800	2,300	2,505	64.5	61.3	67.9
Different than province or territory of residence	45	15	20	0.6	0.4	0.5
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	255	160	95	3.4	4.3	2.6
Americas	100	45	55	1.3	1.2	1.5
United States of America	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Mexico	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	60	35	30	0.8	0.9	0.8
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	55	40	15	0.7	1.1	0.4
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	40	35	0	0.5	0.9	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	90	60	30	1.2	1.6	0.8
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	60	35	20	0.8	0.9	0.5
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	30	20	10	0.4	0.5	0.3
Asia	15	15	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	15	15	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	13,325	6,500	6,825	...	...	...
In the labour force	7,500	3,935	3,575	...	...	...
Employed	6,985	3,710	3,270	...	...	...
Unemployed	525	225	300	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	5,820	2,565	3,255	...	...	...
Participation rate	56.3	60.5	52.4	56.3	60.5	52.4
Employment rate	52.4	57.1	47.9	52.4	57.1	47.9
Unemployment rate	7.0	5.7	8.4	7.0	5.7	8.4
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	13,330	6,500	6,825	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	5,740	2,560	3,180	43.1	39.4	46.6
Worked	7,590	3,940	3,645	56.9	60.6	53.4
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	3,710	2,000	1,705	27.8	30.8	25.0
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	3,885	1,940	1,940	29.1	29.8	28.4
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.6	42.4	40.7	41.6	42.4	40.7
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	7,505	3,935	3,570	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	155	60	100	2.1	1.5	2.8
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	7,350	3,875	3,475	97.9	98.5	97.3
Employee	6,570	3,440	3,130	87.5	87.4	87.7
Permanent position	5,495	2,885	2,615	73.2	73.3	73.2
Temporary position	1,075	560	520	14.3	14.2	14.6
Fixed term (1 year or more)	340	180	160	4.5	4.6	4.5
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	735	375	355	9.8	9.5	9.9
Self-employed¹⁹²	775	430	345	10.3	10.9	9.7
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	7,505	3,935	3,570	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	155	60	100	2.1	1.5	2.8
All occupations¹⁹¹	7,350	3,875	3,475	97.9	98.5	97.3
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	110	85	25	1.5	2.2	0.7
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,025	330	690	13.7	8.4	19.3
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	365	290	70	4.9	7.4	2.0
3 Health occupations	765	135	630	10.2	3.4	17.6
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	805	180	625	10.7	4.6	17.5
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	165	105	60	2.2	2.7	1.7
6 Sales and service occupations	2,020	895	1,125	26.9	22.7	31.5
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,370	1,265	105	18.3	32.1	2.9
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	95	70	25	1.3	1.8	0.7
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	630	520	110	8.4	13.2	3.1
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	7,505	3,935	3,570	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	155	60	100	2.1	1.5	2.8
All industries¹⁹¹	7,350	3,875	3,475	97.9	98.5	97.3
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	65	45	15	0.9	1.1	0.4
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	35	35	0	0.5	0.9	0.0
22 Utilities	25	15	10	0.3	0.4	0.3
23 Construction	410	360	55	5.5	9.1	1.5
31-33 Manufacturing	1,400	1,105	295	18.7	28.1	8.3
41 Wholesale trade	165	125	40	2.2	3.2	1.1
44-45 Retail trade	1,150	605	550	15.3	15.4	15.4
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	195	150	45	2.6	3.8	1.3
51 Information and cultural industries	50	35	15	0.7	0.9	0.4
52 Finance and insurance	180	85	100	2.4	2.2	2.8
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	85	60	25	1.1	1.5	0.7
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	305	195	110	4.1	5.0	3.1
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	220	120	100	2.9	3.0	2.8
61 Educational services	545	140	405	7.3	3.6	11.3
62 Health care and social assistance	1,275	235	1,040	17.0	6.0	29.1
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	85	65	20	1.1	1.7	0.6
72 Accommodation and food services	480	205	270	6.4	5.2	7.6
81 Other services (except public administration)	355	140	210	4.7	3.6	5.9
91 Public administration	320	160	160	4.3	4.1	4.5
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	8,050	4,205	3,845	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	85	45	40	1.1	1.1	1.0
French	7,220	3,725	3,495	89.7	88.6	90.9
Non-official language	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.3
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.3
English and French	690	415	280	8.6	9.9	7.3
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	25	10	10	0.3	0.2	0.3
English, French and non-official language(s)	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.4
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	8,050	4,205	3,845	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	7,990	4,185	3,805	99.3	99.5	99.0
Official languages	7,965	4,180	3,785	98.9	99.4	98.4
English	195	110	85	2.4	2.6	2.2
French	7,780	4,070	3,705	96.6	96.8	96.4
Non-official languages	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.4
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.4
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.4
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.4
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.3
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	65	20	40	0.8	0.5	1.0
English and French	65	20	40	0.8	0.5	1.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	8,050	4,205	3,845	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	7,375	3,790	3,585	91.6	90.1	93.2
English	525	330	190	6.5	7.8	4.9
French	115	65	50	1.4	1.5	1.3
Non-official language	20	15	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	20	15	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.4
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	6,980	3,715	3,275	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	745	380	365	10.7	10.2	11.1
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No fixed workplace address	590	425	165	8.5	11.4	5.0
Usual place of work	5,645	2,900	2,745	80.9	78.1	83.8
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	5,640	2,900	2,745	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	4,600	2,260	2,345	81.6	77.9	85.4
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	365	230	135	6.5	7.9	4.9
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	665	405	265	11.8	14.0	9.7
Commute to a different province or territory	10	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	6,235	3,325	2,910	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	5,730	3,065	2,670	91.9	92.2	91.8
Car, truck or van - as a driver	5,425	2,915	2,510	87.0	87.7	86.3
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	310	150	160	5.0	4.5	5.5
Public transit	15	10	10	0.2	0.3	0.3
Walked	345	175	175	5.5	5.3	6.0
Bicycle	20	20	0	0.3	0.6	0.0
Other method	120	60	60	1.9	1.8	2.1
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	6,235	3,325	2,910	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	4,535	2,235	2,295	72.7	67.2	78.9
15 to 29 minutes	905	530	375	14.5	15.9	12.9
30 to 44 minutes	400	255	140	6.4	7.7	4.8
45 to 59 minutes	150	120	25	2.4	3.6	0.9
60 minutes and over	250	180	70	4.0	5.4	2.4
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	6,235	3,325	2,910	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	410	290	120	6.6	8.7	4.1
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,085	765	325	17.4	23.0	11.2
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	2,005	935	1,070	32.2	28.1	36.8
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,170	450	720	18.8	13.5	24.7
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	470	165	305	7.5	5.0	10.5
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,095	730	370	17.6	22.0	12.7
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	2,575	1,320	1,255	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	335	170	165	13.0	12.9	13.1
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,240	1,150	1,095	87.0	87.1	87.3
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	1,910	985	930	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	265	130	130	13.9	13.2	14.0
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	195	95	100	10.2	9.6	10.8
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	65	35	35	3.4	3.6	3.8
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,650	850	800	86.4	86.3	86.0

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
^r
revised

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 18, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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