Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Témiscouata, Municipalité régionale de comté (MRC)More information: Quebec [Census division]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	19,492	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	19,574	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	- 0.4	...	...	- 0.4	...	...
Total private dwellings²	10,778	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	9,146	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	5.0	...	...	5.0	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	3,900.42	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	19,490	9,880	9,610	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	2,510	1,305	1,205	12.9	13.2	12.5
0 to 4 years	705	355	355	3.6	3.6	3.7
5 to 9 years	830	440	390	4.3	4.5	4.1
10 to 14 years	970	510	465	5.0	5.2	4.8
15 to 64 years	11,065	5,660	5,405	56.8	57.3	56.2
15 to 19 years	910	480	430	4.7	4.9	4.5
20 to 24 years	675	370	310	3.5	3.7	3.2
25 to 29 years	740	390	350	3.8	3.9	3.6
30 to 34 years	830	425	410	4.3	4.3	4.3
35 to 39 years	890	460	425	4.6	4.7	4.4
40 to 44 years	1,075	550	520	5.5	5.6	5.4
45 to 49 years	995	515	480	5.1	5.2	5.0
50 to 54 years	1,165	560	600	6.0	5.7	6.2
55 to 59 years	1,705	850	855	8.7	8.6	8.9
60 to 64 years	2,075	1,060	1,015	10.6	10.7	10.6
65 years and over	5,920	2,915	3,005	30.4	29.5	31.3
65 to 69 years	1,915	980	935	9.8	9.9	9.7
70 to 74 years	1,580	825	755	8.1	8.4	7.9
75 to 79 years	1,075	515	555	5.5	5.2	5.8
80 to 84 years	700	350	355	3.6	3.5	3.7
85 years and over	650	250	400	3.3	2.5	4.2
85 to 89 years	380	135	245	1.9	1.4	2.5
90 to 94 years	220	105	120	1.1	1.1	1.2
95 to 99 years	45	10	30	0.2	0.1	0.3
100 years and over	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	12.9	13.2	12.5	12.9	13.2	12.5
15 to 64 years	56.8	57.3	56.2	56.8	57.3	56.2
65 years and over	30.4	29.5	31.3	30.4	29.5	31.3
85 years and over	3.3	2.5	4.2	3.3	2.5	4.2
Average age of the population	49.1	48.4	49.8	49.1	48.4	49.8
Median age of the population	54.8	54.0	55.6	54.8	54.0	55.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	9,145	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	6,900	...	...	75.5	...	...
Semi-detached house	275	...	...	3.0	...	...
Row house	190	...	...	2.1	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	350	...	...	3.8	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,195	...	...	13.1	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	5	...	...	0.1	...	...
Other single-attached house	90	...	...	1.0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	140	...	...	1.5	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	9,145	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	3,310	...	...	36.2	...	...
2 persons	3,770	...	...	41.2	...	...
3 persons	915	...	...	10.0	...	...
4 persons	765	...	...	8.4	...	...
5 or more persons	390	...	...	4.3	...	...
Number of persons in private households	18,765	9,575	9,185	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.1	...	...	2.1	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	16,985	8,580	8,405	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	10,235	5,150	5,080	60.3	60.0	60.4
Married	5,700	2,880	2,820	33.6	33.6	33.6
Living common-law	4,535	2,270	2,265	26.7	26.5	26.9
Living common law - Never married	3,650	1,835	1,820	21.5	21.4	21.7
Living common law - Separated	60	30	30	0.4	0.3	0.4
Living common law - Divorced	685	350	330	4.0	4.1	3.9
Living common law - Widowed	140	55	80	0.8	0.6	1.0
Not married and not living common-law	6,745	3,425	3,325	39.7	39.9	39.6
Not married and not living common law - Never married	4,170	2,455	1,710	24.6	28.6	20.3
Not married and not living common law - Separated	215	110	100	1.3	1.3	1.2
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	1,050	540	515	6.2	6.3	6.1
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	1,315	320	995	7.7	3.7	11.8
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	5,665	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	3,690	...	...	65.1	...	...
3 persons	875	...	...	15.4	...	...
4 persons	730	...	...	12.9	...	...
5 or more persons	365	...	...	6.4	...	...
Average size of census families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	5,665	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	4,995	...	...	88.2	...	...
Married couples	2,730	...	...	48.2	...	...
With children⁶	600	...	...	10.6	...	...
Without children	2,135	...	...	37.7	...	...
Common-law couples	2,265	...	...	40.0	...	...
With children⁶	1,120	...	...	19.8	...	...
Without children	1,145	...	...	20.2	...	...
Total one-parent families	675	...	...	11.9	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	475	...	...	8.4	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	195	...	...	3.4	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	18,765	9,575	9,190	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	14,910	7,555	7,355	79.5	78.9	80.0
Married spouses or common-law partners	9,985	5,000	4,990	53.2	52.2	54.3
Parents in one-parent families	670	195	475	3.6	2.0	5.2
Children⁶	4,245	2,360	1,890	22.6	24.6	20.6
In a two-parent family	3,220	1,780	1,440	17.2	18.6	15.7
In a one-parent family	1,030	585	450	5.5	6.1	4.9
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	3,855	2,020	1,835	20.5	21.1	20.0
Living alone	3,315	1,715	1,600	17.7	17.9	17.4
Living with other relatives⁷	250	140	105	1.3	1.5	1.1
Living with non-relatives only	295	165	130	1.6	1.7	1.4
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	9,145	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	5,525	...	...	60.4	...	...
Couple-family households	4,900	...	...	53.6	...	...
With children⁶	1,685	...	...	18.4	...	...
Without children	3,220	...	...	35.2	...	...
One-parent-family households	625	...	...	6.8	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	35	...	...	0.4	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	10	...	...	0.1	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	75	...	...	0.8	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	185	...	...	2.0	...	...
One-person households	3,315	...	...	36.2	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	16,260	8,275	7,985	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	16,050	8,185	7,865	98.7	98.9	98.5
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,800	38,400	31,000	34,800	38,400	31,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	16,050	8,185	7,865	98.7	98.9	98.5
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	31,600	34,400	28,600	31,600	34,400	28,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	13,895	7,220	6,675	85.5	87.3	83.6
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	26,000	30,000	21,800	26,000	30,000	21,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	10,405	5,675	4,735	64.0	68.6	59.3
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	29,600	32,800	25,800	29,600	32,800	25,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	13,980	6,965	7,015	86.0	84.2	87.9
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	13,300	13,400	13,200	13,300	13,400	13,200
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,890	1,810	1,080	17.8	21.9	13.5
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	6,400	5,480	6,000	6,400	5,480
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	3,725	1,980	1,745	22.9	23.9	21.9
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	6,000	6,500	6,000	6,000	6,500
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	16,265	8,275	7,990	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	16,075	8,180	7,895	98.8	98.9	98.8
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,600	44,080	36,960	40,600	44,080	36,960
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	16,075	8,180	7,895	98.8	98.9	98.8
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,960	37,360	32,520	34,960	37,360	32,520
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	13,930	7,300	6,625	85.6	88.2	82.9
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	33,280	36,840	29,360	33,280	36,840	29,360
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	10,405	5,795	4,615	64.0	70.0	57.8
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,680	37,600	33,240	35,680	37,600	33,240
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	13,925	6,965	6,960	85.6	84.2	87.1
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	13,560	13,140	13,960	13,560	13,140	13,960
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,880	1,870	1,010	17.7	22.6	12.6
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,080	7,290	6,680	7,080	7,290	6,680
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	3,610	1,985	1,620	22.2	24.0	20.3
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,130	6,710	7,640	7,130	6,710	7,640
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	16,260	8,275	7,985	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	4,435	2,400	2,035	27.3	29.0	25.5
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	47,600	49,600	45,200	47,600	49,600	45,200
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	54,250	55,900	52,350	54,250	55,900	52,350
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	4,645	2,550	2,095	28.6	30.8	26.2
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	19,400	23,600	14,100	19,400	23,600	14,100
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	25,180	29,240	20,220	25,180	29,240	20,220
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	71.0	74.6	66.6	71.0	74.6	66.6
Employment income (%)¹⁹	56.9	60.4	52.6	56.9	60.4	52.6
Government transfers (%)²⁰	29.0	25.4	33.3	29.0	25.4	33.3
Employment insurance benefits (%)	3.1	3.8	2.3	3.1	3.8	2.3
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.0	4.5	5.6	5.0	4.5	5.6
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	3.9	3.7	4.2	3.9	3.7	4.2
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	16,265	8,275	7,985	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	215	95	120	1.3	1.1	1.5
With total income	16,045	8,180	7,860	98.6	98.9	98.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,040	420	625	6.5	5.1	8.0
$10,000 to $19,999	2,540	1,015	1,525	15.8	12.4	19.4
$20,000 to $29,999	3,305	1,645	1,660	20.6	20.1	21.1
$30,000 to $39,999	2,410	1,205	1,205	15.0	14.7	15.3
$40,000 to $49,999	2,300	1,200	1,100	14.3	14.7	14.0
$50,000 to $59,999	1,640	960	680	10.2	11.7	8.7
$60,000 to $69,999	970	610	360	6.0	7.5	4.6
$70,000 to $79,999	575	345	230	3.6	4.2	2.9
$80,000 to $89,999	435	225	210	2.7	2.8	2.7
$90,000 to $99,999	270	165	105	1.7	2.0	1.3
$100,000 and over	555	385	170	3.5	4.7	2.2
$100,000 to $149,999	435	305	125	2.7	3.7	1.6
$150,000 and over	125	80	45	0.8	1.0	0.6
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	16,265	8,275	7,985	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	215	95	120	1.3	1.1	1.5
With after-tax income	16,045	8,180	7,860	98.6	98.9	98.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,095	450	650	6.8	5.5	8.3
$10,000 to $19,999	2,635	1,070	1,570	16.4	13.1	20.0
$20,000 to $29,999	3,800	1,870	1,925	23.7	22.9	24.5
$30,000 to $39,999	3,065	1,610	1,450	19.1	19.7	18.4
$40,000 to $49,999	2,515	1,455	1,060	15.7	17.8	13.5
$50,000 to $59,999	1,310	780	530	8.2	9.5	6.7
$60,000 to $69,999	740	400	340	4.6	4.9	4.3
$70,000 to $79,999	380	215	160	2.4	2.6	2.0
$80,000 to $89,999	225	145	80	1.4	1.8	1.0
$90,000 to $99,999	120	80	40	0.7	1.0	0.5
$100,000 and over	160	110	55	1.0	1.3	0.7
$100,000 to $124,999	100	60	35	0.6	0.7	0.4
$125,000 and over	65	45	25	0.4	0.6	0.3
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	16,265	8,275	7,985	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	5,855	2,605	3,255	36.0	31.5	40.8
With employment income	10,405	5,670	4,730	64.0	68.5	59.2
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,505	820	685	14.5	14.5	14.5
$5,000 to $9,999	955	420	535	9.2	7.4	11.3
$10,000 to $19,999	1,410	660	750	13.6	11.6	15.9
$20,000 to $29,999	1,385	715	675	13.3	12.6	14.3
$30,000 to $39,999	1,345	735	610	12.9	13.0	12.9
$40,000 to $49,999	1,235	685	550	11.9	12.1	11.6
$50,000 to $59,999	785	525	255	7.5	9.3	5.4
$60,000 to $69,999	530	355	170	5.1	6.3	3.6
$70,000 to $79,999	360	205	155	3.5	3.6	3.3
$80,000 to $89,999	335	175	165	3.2	3.1	3.5
$90,000 to $99,999	145	100	50	1.4	1.8	1.1
$100,000 and over	410	290	125	3.9	5.1	2.6
$100,000 to $124,999	250	170	75	2.4	3.0	1.6
$125,000 and over	160	115	45	1.5	2.0	1.0
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	16,260	8,275	7,985	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	15,905	8,100	7,805	97.8	97.9	97.7
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	32,400	37,200	27,400	32,400	37,200	27,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	15,915	8,100	7,810	97.9	97.9	97.8
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	29,600	33,200	25,800	29,600	33,200	25,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	13,800	7,185	6,610	84.9	86.8	82.8
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	26,800	31,600	22,600	26,800	31,600	22,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	10,645	5,755	4,890	65.5	69.5	61.2
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	29,600	34,000	25,200	29,600	34,000	25,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	13,145	6,540	6,600	80.8	79.0	82.7
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	11,200	11,100	11,200	11,200	11,100	11,200
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	3,140	1,955	1,185	19.3	23.6	14.8
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,400	6,120	4,640	5,400	6,120	4,640
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	16,265	8,275	7,990	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	15,965	8,125	7,840	98.2	98.2	98.1
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,120	42,480	33,600	38,120	42,480	33,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	15,975	8,125	7,850	98.2	98.2	98.2
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	32,680	35,600	29,680	32,680	35,600	29,680
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	13,840	7,230	6,610	85.1	87.4	82.7
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	33,200	37,800	28,160	33,200	37,800	28,160
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	10,655	5,855	4,800	65.5	70.8	60.1
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,080	38,440	30,960	35,080	38,440	30,960
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	13,170	6,565	6,605	81.0	79.3	82.7
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	11,320	10,920	11,720	11,320	10,920	11,720
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	3,205	2,025	1,180	19.7	24.5	14.8
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,620	6,760	6,380	6,620	6,760	6,380
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	16,260	8,275	7,985	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	4,430	2,400	2,030	27.2	29.0	25.4
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	45,200	48,000	42,000	45,200	48,000	42,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	51,200	54,200	47,640	51,200	54,200	47,640
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	4,475	2,485	1,995	27.5	30.0	25.0
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	21,800	26,800	18,000	21,800	26,800	18,000
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	27,280	31,480	22,020	27,280	31,480	22,020
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	75.4	79.2	70.6	75.4	79.2	70.6
Employment income (%)	61.4	65.2	56.3	61.4	65.2	56.3
Government transfers (%)	24.5	20.8	29.4	24.5	20.8	29.4
Employment insurance benefits (%)	3.5	4.0	2.9	3.5	4.0	2.9
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	9,145	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	57,600	...	...	57,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	52,400	...	...	52,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	3,315	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	29,400	...	...	29,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	28,000	...	...	28,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	5,835	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	79,500	...	...	79,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	70,500	...	...	70,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	9,145	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	71,300	...	...	71,300	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	61,500	...	...	61,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	3,310	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	37,360	...	...	37,360	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	33,000	...	...	33,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	5,830	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	90,600	...	...	90,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	77,600	...	...	77,600	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	9,145	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	50	...	...	0.5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	40	...	...	0.4	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	175	...	...	1.9	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	280	...	...	3.1	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	840	...	...	9.2	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	480	...	...	5.2	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	450	...	...	4.9	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	600	...	...	6.6	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	515	...	...	5.6	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	470	...	...	5.1	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	855	...	...	9.3	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	710	...	...	7.8	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	645	...	...	7.1	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	525	...	...	5.7	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	455	...	...	5.0	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,050	...	...	22.4	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	875	...	...	9.6	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	495	...	...	5.4	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	485	...	...	5.3	...	...
$200,000 and over	195	...	...	2.1	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	9,145	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	60	...	...	0.7	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	45	...	...	0.5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	185	...	...	2.0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	285	...	...	3.1	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	890	...	...	9.7	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	545	...	...	6.0	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	520	...	...	5.7	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	700	...	...	7.7	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	590	...	...	6.5	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	525	...	...	5.7	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	945	...	...	10.3	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	800	...	...	8.7	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	655	...	...	7.2	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	610	...	...	6.7	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	465	...	...	5.1	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,305	...	...	14.3	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	685	...	...	7.5	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	375	...	...	4.1	...	...
$150,000 and over	245	...	...	2.7	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	5,715	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	79,500	...	...	79,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	70,500	...	...	70,500	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	3,225	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	68,000	...	...	68,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	61,200	...	...	61,200	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	1,720	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	116,000	...	...	116,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	99,000	...	...	99,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	665	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	60,800	...	...	60,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	56,800	...	...	56,800	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	3,605	1,875	1,730	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	29,600	32,800	27,000	29,600	32,800	27,000
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	28,000	30,200	26,400	28,000	30,200	26,400
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	5,715	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	90,600	...	...	90,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	77,600	...	...	77,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	3,245	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	77,700	...	...	77,700	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	66,600	...	...	66,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,720	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	124,000	...	...	124,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	104,900	...	...	104,900	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	665	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	69,800	...	...	69,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	61,700	...	...	61,700	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	3,630	1,875	1,755	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	37,080	39,880	34,120	37,080	39,880	34,120
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	32,800	34,800	30,720	32,800	34,800	30,720
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	18,765	9,575	9,190	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	3,090	1,620	1,470	16.5	16.9	16.0
0 to 5 years	865	450	415	4.6	4.7	4.5
18 to 64 years	10,385	5,295	5,085	55.3	55.3	55.3
65 years and over	5,290	2,660	2,630	28.2	27.8	28.6
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	3,050	1,445	1,605	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	310	160	155	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	90	50	40	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	1,260	625	635	...	...	...
65 years and over	1,485	665	815	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	16.3	15.1	17.5	16.3	15.1	17.5
0 to 17 years (%)	10.1	9.6	10.6	10.1	9.6	10.6
0 to 5 years (%)	10.4	10.8	9.6	10.4	10.8	9.6
18 to 64 years (%)	12.1	11.8	12.5	12.1	11.8	12.5
65 years and over (%)	28.0	25.1	31.0	28.0	25.1	31.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	18,765	9,575	9,190	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	3,090	1,620	1,470	16.5	16.9	16.0
0 to 5 years	865	450	415	4.6	4.7	4.5
18 to 64 years	10,385	5,300	5,090	55.3	55.4	55.4
65 years and over	5,290	2,655	2,635	28.2	27.7	28.7
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	460	245	210	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	35	15	25	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	15	5	10	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	370	205	160	...	...	...
65 years and over	55	25	25	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.4	2.6	2.3	2.4	2.6	2.3
0 to 17 years (%)	1.2	0.9	1.5	1.2	0.9	1.5
0 to 5 years (%)	1.2	x	2.0	1.2	x	2.0
18 to 64 years (%)	3.5	3.9	3.2	3.5	3.9	3.2
65 years and over (%)	1.0	1.0	1.1	1.0	1.0	1.1
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	18,765	9,575	9,190	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	12,755	6,440	6,315	68.0	67.3	68.7
In bottom decile	2,210	1,040	1,175	11.8	10.9	12.8
In second decile	2,910	1,440	1,470	15.5	15.0	16.0
In third decile	2,775	1,405	1,365	14.8	14.7	14.9
In fourth decile	2,585	1,325	1,260	13.8	13.8	13.7
In fifth decile	2,275	1,225	1,050	12.1	12.8	11.4
In top half of the distribution	6,010	3,135	2,870	32.0	32.7	31.2
In sixth decile	1,940	1,000	940	10.3	10.4	10.2
In seventh decile	1,570	830	740	8.4	8.7	8.1
In eighth decile	1,235	645	590	6.6	6.7	6.4
In ninth decile	905	465	440	4.8	4.9	4.8
In top decile	355	200	160	1.9	2.1	1.7
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	18,765	...	...	18,765	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.283	...	...	0.283	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.460	...	...	0.460	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.243	...	...	0.243	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.1	...	...	3.1	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	19,220	9,755	9,465	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
French only	16,095	8,055	8,040	83.7	82.6	84.9
English and French	3,085	1,675	1,415	16.1	17.2	14.9
Neither English nor French	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	19,220	9,755	9,465	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	120	65	60	0.6	0.7	0.6
French	19,065	9,670	9,395	99.2	99.1	99.3
English and French	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Neither English nor French	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	19,220	9,755	9,465	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	19,140	9,715	9,425	99.6	99.6	99.6
Official languages	19,070	9,675	9,390	99.2	99.2	99.2
English	120	65	60	0.6	0.7	0.6
French	18,950	9,615	9,335	98.6	98.6	98.6
Non-official languages	70	35	30	0.4	0.4	0.3
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	70	35	30	0.4	0.4	0.3
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	45	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
German	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	30	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	30	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	80	40	40	0.4	0.4	0.4
English and French	75	35	40	0.4	0.4	0.4
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	19,220	9,755	9,465	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	60	30	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
French	18,825	9,550	9,270	97.9	97.9	97.9
Non-official language	30	20	5	0.2	0.2	0.1
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	30	20	5	0.2	0.2	0.1
English and French	255	125	130	1.3	1.3	1.4
English and non-official language(s)	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	20	5	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	19,220	9,755	9,465	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	19,190	9,740	9,450	99.8	99.8	99.8
Official languages	19,135	9,705	9,430	99.6	99.5	99.6
English	80	45	35	0.4	0.5	0.4
French	19,055	9,660	9,395	99.1	99.0	99.3
Non-official languages	55	30	20	0.3	0.3	0.2
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	55	30	20	0.3	0.3	0.2
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	30	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
German	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	25	15	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	25	15	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
English and French	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	19,215	9,750	9,465	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	18,935	9,620	9,315	98.5	98.7	98.4
English	210	95	115	1.1	1.0	1.2
French	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Non-official language	20	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	20	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	18,765	9,575	9,190	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	18,760	9,570	9,190	100.0	99.9	100.0
English	3,090	1,655	1,430	16.5	17.3	15.6
French	18,730	9,555	9,175	99.8	99.8	99.8
Non-official languages	300	155	145	1.6	1.6	1.6
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	300	155	145	1.6	1.6	1.6
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	245	115	130	1.3	1.2	1.4
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	10	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	10	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
German	10	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	230	110	120	1.2	1.1	1.3
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	220	100	120	1.2	1.0	1.3
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	18,765	9,575	9,190	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	495	265	225	2.6	2.8	2.4
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	455	245	210	2.4	2.6	2.3
First Nations (North American Indian)	200	95	105	1.1	1.0	1.1
Métis	250	155	100	1.3	1.6	1.1
Inuk (Inuit)	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	25	20	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Non-Indigenous identity	18,275	9,310	8,960	97.4	97.2	97.5
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	18,765	9,575	9,190	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	105	50	50	0.6	0.5	0.5
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	18,660	9,525	9,135	99.4	99.5	99.4
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	9,145	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	6,845	...	...	74.8	...	...
Renter	2,305	...	...	25.2	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	9,145	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	365	...	...	4.0	...	...
Not condominium	8,780	...	...	96.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	9,145	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	20	...	...	0.2	...	...
1 bedroom	855	...	...	9.3	...	...
2 bedrooms	2,300	...	...	25.2	...	...
3 bedrooms	3,280	...	...	35.9	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	2,695	...	...	29.5	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	9,145	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	2,020	...	...	22.1	...	...
5 rooms	1,640	...	...	17.9	...	...
6 rooms	1,675	...	...	18.3	...	...
7 rooms	1,345	...	...	14.7	...	...
8 or more rooms	2,460	...	...	26.9	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.3	...	...	6.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	9,145	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	9,125	...	...	99.8	...	...
More than one person per room	25	...	...	0.3	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	9,145	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	9,060	...	...	99.1	...	...
Not suitable	85	...	...	0.9	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	9,145	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	3,810	...	...	41.7	...	...
1961 to 1980	2,395	...	...	26.2	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,170	...	...	12.8	...	...
1991 to 2000	785	...	...	8.6	...	...
2001 to 2005	255	...	...	2.8	...	...
2006 to 2010	255	...	...	2.8	...	...
2011 to 2015	285	...	...	3.1	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	195	...	...	2.1	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	9,145	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	8,485	...	...	92.8	...	...
Major repairs needed	660	...	...	7.2	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	9,145	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	5,370	...	...	58.7	...	...
Two-maintainer household	3,680	...	...	40.2	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	95	...	...	1.0	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	9,145	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	190	...	...	2.1	...	...
25 to 34 years	795	...	...	8.7	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,090	...	...	11.9	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,280	...	...	14.0	...	...
55 to 64 years	2,240	...	...	24.5	...	...
65 to 74 years	2,185	...	...	23.9	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,120	...	...	12.2	...	...
85 years and over	250	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	9,030	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	8,385	...	...	92.9	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	640	...	...	7.1	...	...
30% to less than 100%	600	...	...	6.6	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	9,150	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	1,280	...	...	14.0	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	555	...	...	6.1	...	...
Not suitable only	65	...	...	0.7	...	...
Major repairs needed only	555	...	...	6.1	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	80	...	...	0.9	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	20	...	...	0.2	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	7,865	...	...	86.0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	8,990	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	395	...	...	4.4	...	...
Not in core need	8,595	...	...	95.6	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	6,745	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	48.0	...	...	48.0	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	6.2	...	...	6.2	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	576	...	...	576	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	704	...	...	704	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	130,000	...	...	130,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	155,200	...	...	155,200	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,300	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	22.4	...	...	22.4	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	10.0	...	...	10.0	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	5.7	...	...	5.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	464	...	...	464	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	470	...	...	470	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	18,765	9,575	9,190	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	460	245	215	2.5	2.6	2.3
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	455	245	205	2.4	2.6	2.2
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	350	185	160	1.9	1.9	1.7
Métis single ancestry	100	60	40	0.5	0.6	0.4
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	465	260	200	2.5	2.7	2.2
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	455	255	195	2.4	2.7	2.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	420	240	180	2.2	2.5	2.0
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	17,840	9,065	8,775	95.1	94.7	95.5
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	18,765	9,575	9,185	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	18,715	9,555	9,165	99.7	99.8	99.8
Canadian citizens aged under 18	3,090	1,625	1,460	16.5	17.0	15.9
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	15,625	7,925	7,705	83.3	82.8	83.9
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	50	25	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	18,765	9,575	9,185	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	18,580	9,505	9,075	99.0	99.3	98.8
Immigrants⁸¹	165	55	105	0.9	0.6	1.1
Before 1980	60	20	40	0.3	0.2	0.4
1980 to 1990	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
1991 to 2000	25	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.3
2001 to 2010	40	25	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
2011 to 2021⁸²	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
2011 to 2015	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
2016 to 2021	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Non-permanent residents⁸³	20	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	160	55	110	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	10	0	10	6.3	0.0	9.1
5 to 14 years	35	10	25	21.9	18.2	22.7
15 to 24 years	30	10	20	18.8	18.2	18.2
25 to 44 years	65	20	45	40.6	36.4	40.9
45 years and over	20	10	0	12.5	18.2	0.0
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	160	55	110	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	50	0	45	31.3	0.0	40.9
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	25	0	25	15.6	0.0	22.7
Other places of birth in Americas	10	0	10	6.3	0.0	9.1
Europe	90	40	50	56.3	72.7	45.5
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	60	25	30	37.5	45.5	27.3
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portugal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	10	0	10	6.3	0.0	9.1
Other places of birth in Europe	25	10	10	15.6	18.2	9.1
Africa	10	0	10	6.3	0.0	9.1
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	15	0	10	100.0	0.0	100.0
Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	10	0	0	66.7	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	18,765	9,575	9,190	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	250	95	155	1.3	1.0	1.7
Second generation¹⁰¹	345	170	175	1.8	1.8	1.9
Third generation or more¹⁰²	18,170	9,310	8,860	96.8	97.2	96.4
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	95	30	65	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	50	10	40	52.6	33.3	61.5
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	25	10	15	26.3	33.3	23.1
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	25	0	20	26.3	0.0	30.8
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	45	20	25	47.4	66.7	38.5
Refugees¹⁰⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	95	30	65	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	20	15	10	21.1	50.0	15.4
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	10	0	10	10.5	0.0	15.4
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	65	20	45	68.4	66.7	69.2
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	18,765	9,575	9,190	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	140	75	65	0.7	0.8	0.7
South Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Black	30	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Filipino	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arab	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Latin American	30	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Southeast Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple visible minorities	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	18,630	9,505	9,120	99.3	99.3	99.2
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	18,765	9,575	9,190	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	8,075	4,025	4,055	43.0	42.0	44.1
English	135	70	60	0.7	0.7	0.7
Irish	385	195	190	2.1	2.0	2.1
Scottish	120	55	65	0.6	0.6	0.7
French, n.o.s.¹²²	3,850	2,075	1,775	20.5	21.7	19.3
German	90	35	65	0.5	0.4	0.7
Chinese	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Italian	130	90	35	0.7	0.9	0.4
Indian (India)	80	30	50	0.4	0.3	0.5
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Québécois	3,155	1,590	1,565	16.8	16.6	17.0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Filipino	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French Canadian	2,110	1,060	1,045	11.2	11.1	11.4
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	270	130	140	1.4	1.4	1.5
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	290	155	135	1.5	1.6	1.5
Métis	140	80	60	0.7	0.8	0.7
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	240	120	115	1.3	1.3	1.3
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	55	35	15	0.3	0.4	0.2
American	85	40	40	0.5	0.4	0.4
Spanish	50	30	20	0.3	0.3	0.2
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Acadian	220	90	130	1.2	0.9	1.4
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	280	135	145	1.5	1.4	1.6
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	180	115	65	1.0	1.2	0.7
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belgian	55	25	35	0.3	0.3	0.4
Haitian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mennonite	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	85	45	35	0.5	0.5	0.4
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	70	20	55	0.4	0.2	0.6
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	10	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
New Brunswicker	85	30	55	0.5	0.3	0.6
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	25	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	100	70	30	0.5	0.7	0.3
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	18,765	9,575	9,190	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian	16,460	8,345	8,110	87.7	87.2	88.2
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	730	355	380	3.9	3.7	4.1
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baptist	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Catholic	15,590	7,935	7,660	83.1	82.9	83.4
Christian Orthodox	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jehovah's Witness	40	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lutheran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	45	25	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
No religion and secular perspectives	2,265	1,210	1,055	12.1	12.6	11.5
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	18,650	9,510	9,140	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	17,215	8,785	8,430	92.3	92.4	92.2
Movers	1,435	725	715	7.7	7.6	7.8
Non-migrants	640	305	330	3.4	3.2	3.6
Migrants	800	410	385	4.3	4.3	4.2
Internal migrants	795	410	385	4.3	4.3	4.2
Intraprovincial migrants	730	375	355	3.9	3.9	3.9
Interprovincial migrants	60	35	25	0.3	0.4	0.3
External migrants	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	18,095	9,210	8,885	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	13,285	6,815	6,470	73.4	74.0	72.8
Movers	4,810	2,395	2,415	26.6	26.0	27.2
Non-migrants	1,680	825	855	9.3	9.0	9.6
Migrants	3,130	1,575	1,555	17.3	17.1	17.5
Internal migrants	3,090	1,540	1,550	17.1	16.7	17.4
Intraprovincial migrants	2,950	1,470	1,475	16.3	16.0	16.6
Interprovincial migrants	140	70	70	0.8	0.8	0.8
External migrants	40	35	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	16,260	8,275	7,985	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	5,405	3,265	2,145	33.2	39.5	26.9
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	10,855	5,015	5,840	66.8	60.6	73.1
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	9,355	4,745	4,610	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	2,525	1,625	900	27.0	34.2	19.5
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	6,830	3,120	3,710	73.0	65.8	80.5
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	16,265	8,275	7,990	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	4,800	2,820	1,980	29.5	34.1	24.8
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	3,315	1,390	1,925	20.4	16.8	24.1
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	8,145	4,070	4,085	50.1	49.2	51.1
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	6,610	3,515	3,090	40.6	42.5	38.7
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	4,120	2,600	1,520	25.3	31.4	19.0
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	3,250	1,935	1,315	20.0	23.4	16.5
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	870	670	205	5.3	8.1	2.6
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	2,105	795	1,315	12.9	9.6	16.5
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	385	120	260	2.4	1.5	3.3
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,535	550	990	9.4	6.6	12.4
Bachelor's degree	1,130	385	745	6.9	4.7	9.3
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	155	60	100	1.0	0.7	1.3
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	60	25	35	0.4	0.3	0.4
Master's degree	140	60	80	0.9	0.7	1.0
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	45	15	30	0.3	0.2	0.4
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	9,355	4,745	4,610	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,070	1,300	765	22.1	27.4	16.6
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,505	665	840	16.1	14.0	18.2
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	5,785	2,780	3,000	61.8	58.6	65.1
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	4,725	2,460	2,265	50.5	51.8	49.1
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	3,130	1,925	1,210	33.5	40.6	26.2
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	2,485	1,420	1,065	26.6	29.9	23.1
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	645	505	140	6.9	10.6	3.0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,435	490	940	15.3	10.3	20.4
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	165	50	115	1.8	1.1	2.5
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,055	320	740	11.3	6.7	16.1
Bachelor's degree	780	235	540	8.3	5.0	11.7
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	105	30	80	1.1	0.6	1.7
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	35	15	25	0.4	0.3	0.5
Master's degree	105	35	65	1.1	0.7	1.4
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	30	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.4
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	16,260	8,275	7,985	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	8,115	4,210	3,905	49.9	50.9	48.9
Education	855	175	675	5.3	2.1	8.5
13. Education	855	175	675	5.3	2.1	8.5
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	105	30	70	0.6	0.4	0.9
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	90	25	70	0.6	0.3	0.9
Humanities	175	70	100	1.1	0.8	1.3
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	25	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.3
23. English language and literature/letters	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	90	30	60	0.6	0.4	0.8
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
54. History	20	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	345	95	245	2.1	1.1	3.1
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	135	15	120	0.8	0.2	1.5
22. Legal professions and studies	70	40	30	0.4	0.5	0.4
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
42. Psychology	45	10	35	0.3	0.1	0.4
45. Social sciences	65	25	40	0.4	0.3	0.5
Business, management and public administration	1,415	305	1,105	8.7	3.7	13.8
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	80	0	75	0.5	0.0	0.9
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,325	300	1,025	8.1	3.6	12.8
Physical and life sciences and technologies	115	80	40	0.7	1.0	0.5
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	30	20	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	45	30	15	0.3	0.4	0.2
40. Physical sciences	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	60	45	20	0.4	0.5	0.3
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	50	40	15	0.3	0.5	0.2
25. Library science	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	2,145	2,050	95	13.2	24.8	1.2
04. Architecture and related services	25	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
14. Engineering	110	90	10	0.7	1.1	0.1
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	310	285	25	1.9	3.4	0.3
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	610	595	15	3.8	7.2	0.2
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	660	640	20	4.1	7.7	0.3
48. Precision production	440	430	15	2.7	5.2	0.2
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	695	545	145	4.3	6.6	1.8
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	335	235	95	2.1	2.8	1.2
03. Natural resources and conservation	360	310	50	2.2	3.7	0.6
Health and related fields	1,335	165	1,170	8.2	2.0	14.7
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	55	40	15	0.3	0.5	0.2
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,245	120	1,125	7.7	1.5	14.1
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	30	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.3
Personal, protective and transportation services	920	505	415	5.7	6.1	5.2
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	505	125	380	3.1	1.5	4.8
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	75	60	15	0.5	0.7	0.2
49. Transportation and materials moving	330	315	20	2.0	3.8	0.3
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	9,355	4,745	4,610	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	3,570	1,965	1,605	38.2	41.4	34.8
Education	510	80	430	5.5	1.7	9.3
13. Education	510	80	430	5.5	1.7	9.3
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	90	25	65	1.0	0.5	1.4
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	80	15	65	0.9	0.3	1.4
Humanities	80	25	50	0.9	0.5	1.1
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	50	15	35	0.5	0.3	0.8
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
54. History	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	245	50	195	2.6	1.1	4.2
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	120	15	105	1.3	0.3	2.3
22. Legal professions and studies	25	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.3
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
42. Psychology	40	10	35	0.4	0.2	0.8
45. Social sciences	45	15	35	0.5	0.3	0.8
Business, management and public administration	1,005	180	820	10.7	3.8	17.8
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	55	0	50	0.6	0.0	1.1
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	950	180	775	10.2	3.8	16.8
Physical and life sciences and technologies	65	45	20	0.7	0.9	0.4
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	20	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	20	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
40. Physical sciences	15	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	55	40	15	0.6	0.8	0.3
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	50	40	10	0.5	0.8	0.2
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,550	1,470	80	16.6	31.0	1.7
04. Architecture and related services	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
14. Engineering	70	65	10	0.7	1.4	0.2
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	215	190	25	2.3	4.0	0.5
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	445	430	10	4.8	9.1	0.2
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	500	485	20	5.3	10.2	0.4
48. Precision production	310	305	10	3.3	6.4	0.2
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	525	390	130	5.6	8.2	2.8
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	265	180	85	2.8	3.8	1.8
03. Natural resources and conservation	260	210	45	2.8	4.4	1.0
Health and related fields	950	80	865	10.2	1.7	18.8
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	25	10	10	0.3	0.2	0.2
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	905	70	835	9.7	1.5	18.1
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
Personal, protective and transportation services	710	390	315	7.6	8.2	6.8
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	390	85	305	4.2	1.8	6.6
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	55	45	10	0.6	0.9	0.2
49. Transportation and materials moving	270	260	10	2.9	5.5	0.2
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	9,355	4,745	4,610	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,570	1,965	1,605	38.2	41.4	34.8
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	5,780	2,785	3,005	61.8	58.7	65.2
Location of study inside Canada	5,750	2,770	2,975	61.5	58.4	64.5
Same as province or territory of residence	5,580	2,695	2,885	59.6	56.8	62.6
Different than province or territory of residence	165	75	90	1.8	1.6	2.0
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	35	10	25	0.4	0.2	0.5
Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	20	10	20	0.2	0.2	0.4
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	16,265	8,275	7,990	...	...	...
In the labour force	8,610	4,660	3,950	...	...	...
Employed	7,960	4,280	3,685	...	...	...
Unemployed	645	385	265	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	7,650	3,615	4,040	...	...	...
Participation rate	52.9	56.3	49.4	52.9	56.3	49.4
Employment rate	48.9	51.7	46.1	48.9	51.7	46.1
Unemployment rate	7.5	8.3	6.7	7.5	8.3	6.7
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	16,260	8,275	7,985	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	6,990	3,240	3,750	43.0	39.2	47.0
Worked	9,275	5,035	4,235	57.0	60.8	53.0
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	4,510	2,435	2,075	27.7	29.4	26.0
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	4,760	2,600	2,165	29.3	31.4	27.1
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.3	40.4	40.3	40.3	40.4	40.3
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	8,610	4,655	3,950	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	135	90	45	1.6	1.9	1.1
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	8,475	4,570	3,905	98.4	98.2	98.9
Employee	7,480	3,910	3,565	86.9	84.0	90.3
Permanent position	5,925	3,030	2,895	68.8	65.1	73.3
Temporary position	1,550	885	670	18.0	19.0	17.0
Fixed term (1 year or more)	290	105	185	3.4	2.3	4.7
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	1,255	775	485	14.6	16.6	12.3
Self-employed¹⁹²	1,000	660	340	11.6	14.2	8.6
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	8,610	4,655	3,950	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	135	90	45	1.6	1.9	1.1
All occupations¹⁹¹	8,475	4,570	3,905	98.4	98.2	98.9
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	125	70	50	1.5	1.5	1.3
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	900	195	705	10.5	4.2	17.8
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	225	140	85	2.6	3.0	2.2
3 Health occupations	770	75	690	8.9	1.6	17.5
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	895	180	715	10.4	3.9	18.1
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	90	45	45	1.0	1.0	1.1
6 Sales and service occupations	1,850	665	1,190	21.5	14.3	30.1
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,800	1,670	130	20.9	35.9	3.3
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	960	825	130	11.1	17.7	3.3
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	860	695	160	10.0	14.9	4.1
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	8,610	4,655	3,950	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	135	90	45	1.6	1.9	1.1
All industries¹⁹¹	8,475	4,570	3,905	98.4	98.2	98.9
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	1,080	865	215	12.5	18.6	5.4
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	145	130	15	1.7	2.8	0.4
22 Utilities	50	40	0	0.6	0.9	0.0
23 Construction	570	485	80	6.6	10.4	2.0
31-33 Manufacturing	1,315	1,060	255	15.3	22.8	6.5
41 Wholesale trade	120	85	35	1.4	1.8	0.9
44-45 Retail trade	870	355	515	10.1	7.6	13.0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	440	360	75	5.1	7.7	1.9
51 Information and cultural industries	15	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
52 Finance and insurance	150	20	135	1.7	0.4	3.4
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	45	25	15	0.5	0.5	0.4
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	190	75	120	2.2	1.6	3.0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	175	140	35	2.0	3.0	0.9
61 Educational services	620	145	475	7.2	3.1	12.0
62 Health care and social assistance	1,380	185	1,195	16.0	4.0	30.3
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	105	55	50	1.2	1.2	1.3
72 Accommodation and food services	400	90	305	4.6	1.9	7.7
81 Other services (except public administration)	435	260	175	5.1	5.6	4.4
91 Public administration	375	180	195	4.4	3.9	4.9
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	9,790	5,315	4,475	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	50	35	15	0.5	0.7	0.3
French	9,150	4,965	4,185	93.5	93.4	93.5
Non-official language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	560	295	270	5.7	5.6	6.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	9,790	5,315	4,475	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	9,745	5,290	4,460	99.5	99.5	99.7
Official languages	9,730	5,270	4,460	99.4	99.2	99.7
English	100	60	35	1.0	1.1	0.8
French	9,630	5,210	4,420	98.4	98.0	98.8
Non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	45	25	15	0.5	0.5	0.3
English and French	45	25	15	0.5	0.5	0.3
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	9,790	5,315	4,475	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	9,265	5,040	4,220	94.6	94.8	94.3
English	470	240	230	4.8	4.5	5.1
French	50	30	20	0.5	0.6	0.4
Non-official language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	7,960	4,275	3,685	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	895	445	455	11.2	10.4	12.3
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No fixed workplace address	1,030	760	270	12.9	17.8	7.3
Usual place of work	6,025	3,065	2,960	75.7	71.7	80.3
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	6,025	3,065	2,965	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	2,910	1,380	1,535	48.3	45.0	51.8
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,810	870	935	30.0	28.4	31.5
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	1,095	695	400	18.2	22.7	13.5
Commute to a different province or territory	215	120	95	3.6	3.9	3.2
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	7,060	3,830	3,230	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	6,465	3,565	2,900	91.6	93.1	89.8
Car, truck or van - as a driver	6,185	3,410	2,775	87.6	89.0	85.9
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	280	155	125	4.0	4.0	3.9
Public transit	25	25	0	0.4	0.7	0.0
Walked	380	120	260	5.4	3.1	8.0
Bicycle	40	25	15	0.6	0.7	0.5
Other method	160	95	60	2.3	2.5	1.9
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	7,060	3,830	3,230	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	3,400	1,650	1,745	48.2	43.1	54.0
15 to 29 minutes	1,695	865	830	24.0	22.6	25.7
30 to 44 minutes	1,050	675	375	14.9	17.6	11.6
45 to 59 minutes	555	375	185	7.9	9.8	5.7
60 minutes and over	365	270	100	5.2	7.0	3.1
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	7,060	3,830	3,230	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	860	645	215	12.2	16.8	6.7
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,395	1,015	380	19.8	26.5	11.8
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	2,135	1,095	1,045	30.2	28.6	32.4
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,275	365	910	18.1	9.5	28.2
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	315	60	260	4.5	1.6	8.0
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,080	655	425	15.3	17.1	13.2
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	3,175	1,665	1,515	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	95	50	45	3.0	3.0	3.0
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	3,080	1,610	1,470	97.0	96.7	97.0
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	2,425	1,280	1,145	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	70	40	30	2.9	3.1	2.6
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	30	15	20	1.2	1.2	1.7
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	35	25	10	1.4	2.0	0.9
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,360	1,240	1,115	97.3	96.9	97.4

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 18, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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