Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Témiscamingue, Municipalité régionale de comté (MRC)More information: Quebec [Census division]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	16,132	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	15,980	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	1.0	...	...	1.0	...	...
Total private dwellings²	8,821	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	7,317	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1.0	...	...	1.0	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	16,327.26	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	16,130	8,150	7,985	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	2,660	1,310	1,350	16.5	16.1	16.9
0 to 4 years	715	355	355	4.4	4.4	4.4
5 to 9 years	920	460	455	5.7	5.6	5.7
10 to 14 years	1,025	495	535	6.4	6.1	6.7
15 to 64 years	9,570	4,890	4,675	59.3	60.0	58.5
15 to 19 years	850	430	425	5.3	5.3	5.3
20 to 24 years	695	370	325	4.3	4.5	4.1
25 to 29 years	770	400	370	4.8	4.9	4.6
30 to 34 years	725	365	360	4.5	4.5	4.5
35 to 39 years	920	485	435	5.7	6.0	5.4
40 to 44 years	895	445	450	5.5	5.5	5.6
45 to 49 years	900	465	435	5.6	5.7	5.4
50 to 54 years	1,010	510	505	6.3	6.3	6.3
55 to 59 years	1,345	680	665	8.3	8.3	8.3
60 to 64 years	1,450	745	700	9.0	9.1	8.8
65 years and over	3,910	1,955	1,950	24.2	24.0	24.4
65 to 69 years	1,335	700	625	8.3	8.6	7.8
70 to 74 years	975	500	475	6.0	6.1	5.9
75 to 79 years	725	370	350	4.5	4.5	4.4
80 to 84 years	435	215	220	2.7	2.6	2.8
85 years and over	440	165	275	2.7	2.0	3.4
85 to 89 years	270	110	160	1.7	1.3	2.0
90 to 94 years	145	50	90	0.9	0.6	1.1
95 to 99 years	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
100 years and over	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.5	16.1	16.9	16.5	16.1	16.9
15 to 64 years	59.3	60.0	58.5	59.3	60.0	58.5
65 years and over	24.2	24.0	24.4	24.2	24.0	24.4
85 years and over	2.7	2.0	3.4	2.7	2.0	3.4
Average age of the population	44.9	44.8	45.1	44.9	44.8	45.1
Median age of the population	48.0	48.0	48.0	48.0	48.0	48.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	7,320	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	5,410	...	...	73.9	...	...
Semi-detached house	455	...	...	6.2	...	...
Row house	305	...	...	4.2	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	450	...	...	6.1	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	640	...	...	8.7	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	5	...	...	0.1	...	...
Other single-attached house	20	...	...	0.3	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	30	...	...	0.4	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	7,315	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	2,590	...	...	35.4	...	...
2 persons	2,795	...	...	38.2	...	...
3 persons	795	...	...	10.9	...	...
4 persons	690	...	...	9.4	...	...
5 or more persons	445	...	...	6.1	...	...
Number of persons in private households	15,785	8,005	7,780	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	13,470	6,840	6,635	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	7,925	3,970	3,950	58.8	58.0	59.5
Married	4,570	2,300	2,270	33.9	33.6	34.2
Living common-law	3,350	1,670	1,680	24.9	24.4	25.3
Living common law - Never married	2,615	1,315	1,305	19.4	19.2	19.7
Living common law - Separated	55	25	30	0.4	0.4	0.5
Living common law - Divorced	550	280	270	4.1	4.1	4.1
Living common law - Widowed	130	55	75	1.0	0.8	1.1
Not married and not living common-law	5,550	2,865	2,680	41.2	41.9	40.4
Not married and not living common law - Never married	3,555	2,060	1,495	26.4	30.1	22.5
Not married and not living common law - Separated	240	125	110	1.8	1.8	1.7
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	900	455	450	6.7	6.7	6.8
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	850	225	630	6.3	3.3	9.5
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	4,585	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	2,785	...	...	60.7	...	...
3 persons	755	...	...	16.5	...	...
4 persons	655	...	...	14.3	...	...
5 or more persons	380	...	...	8.3	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.9	...	...	1.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	4,580	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	3,880	...	...	84.7	...	...
Married couples	2,205	...	...	48.1	...	...
With children⁶	655	...	...	14.3	...	...
Without children	1,550	...	...	33.8	...	...
Common-law couples	1,675	...	...	36.6	...	...
With children⁶	830	...	...	18.1	...	...
Without children	845	...	...	18.4	...	...
Total one-parent families	705	...	...	15.4	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	470	...	...	10.3	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	235	...	...	5.1	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	15,790	8,005	7,780	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	12,535	6,225	6,310	79.4	77.8	81.1
Married spouses or common-law partners	7,755	3,870	3,885	49.1	48.3	49.9
Parents in one-parent families	705	235	470	4.5	2.9	6.0
Children⁶	4,075	2,120	1,955	25.8	26.5	25.1
In a two-parent family	2,920	1,515	1,405	18.5	18.9	18.1
In a one-parent family	1,150	605	550	7.3	7.6	7.1
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	3,250	1,780	1,475	20.6	22.2	19.0
Living alone	2,585	1,405	1,185	16.4	17.6	15.2
Living with other relatives⁷	305	145	160	1.9	1.8	2.1
Living with non-relatives only	360	230	130	2.3	2.9	1.7
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	7,315	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	4,320	...	...	59.1	...	...
Couple-family households	3,710	...	...	50.7	...	...
With children⁶	1,420	...	...	19.4	...	...
Without children	2,290	...	...	31.3	...	...
One-parent-family households	610	...	...	8.3	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	65	...	...	0.9	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	15	...	...	0.2	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	135	...	...	1.8	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	195	...	...	2.7	...	...
One-person households	2,590	...	...	35.4	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	13,130	6,695	6,430	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	12,895	6,590	6,305	98.2	98.4	98.1
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,600	43,200	33,600	37,600	43,200	33,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	12,895	6,590	6,305	98.2	98.4	98.1
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,400	38,000	30,800	34,400	38,000	30,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	11,285	5,900	5,385	85.9	88.1	83.7
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	29,800	36,400	25,000	29,800	36,400	25,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	8,795	4,720	4,070	67.0	70.5	63.3
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,800	42,400	28,600	34,800	42,400	28,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	10,740	5,300	5,440	81.8	79.2	84.6
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,700	12,500	12,900	12,700	12,500	12,900
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,810	1,060	745	13.8	15.8	11.6
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,760	6,200	5,280	5,760	6,200	5,280
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	3,060	1,685	1,380	23.3	25.2	21.5
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	6,000	6,500	6,000	6,000	6,500
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	13,130	6,695	6,430	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	12,870	6,575	6,295	98.0	98.2	97.9
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	45,080	50,160	39,760	45,080	50,160	39,760
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	12,870	6,575	6,295	98.0	98.2	97.9
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,280	41,600	34,840	38,280	41,600	34,840
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	11,370	5,930	5,440	86.6	88.6	84.6
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,600	44,200	32,440	38,600	44,200	32,440
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	8,790	4,730	4,055	66.9	70.6	63.1
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,640	46,360	36,200	41,640	46,360	36,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	10,685	5,255	5,430	81.4	78.5	84.4
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	13,240	12,920	13,540	13,240	12,920	13,540
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,780	995	785	13.6	14.9	12.2
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,450	6,740	6,080	6,450	6,740	6,080
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	3,010	1,675	1,340	22.9	25.0	20.8
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,370	6,780	8,100	7,370	6,780	8,100
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	13,130	6,695	6,435	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	3,970	2,180	1,790	30.2	32.6	27.8
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	54,800	60,000	49,200	54,800	60,000	49,200
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	59,550	64,200	53,850	59,550	64,200	53,850
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	3,670	1,885	1,790	28.0	28.2	27.8
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	21,600	26,800	18,000	21,600	26,800	18,000
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	31,000	37,600	24,040	31,000	37,600	24,040
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	75.6	79.4	70.6	75.6	79.4	70.6
Employment income (%)¹⁹	63.1	66.4	58.7	63.1	66.4	58.7
Government transfers (%)²⁰	24.4	20.6	29.4	24.4	20.6	29.4
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.0	2.0	1.9	2.0	2.0	1.9
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	4.7	4.1	5.5	4.7	4.1	5.5
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	3.8	3.4	4.3	3.8	3.4	4.3
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	13,130	6,700	6,435	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	235	110	130	1.8	1.6	2.0
With total income	12,895	6,585	6,310	98.2	98.3	98.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,000	430	570	7.8	6.5	9.0
$10,000 to $19,999	1,830	740	1,100	14.2	11.2	17.4
$20,000 to $29,999	2,215	1,045	1,175	17.2	15.9	18.6
$30,000 to $39,999	1,765	825	935	13.7	12.5	14.8
$40,000 to $49,999	1,540	770	765	11.9	11.7	12.1
$50,000 to $59,999	1,245	685	555	9.7	10.4	8.8
$60,000 to $69,999	975	575	400	7.6	8.7	6.3
$70,000 to $79,999	675	425	255	5.2	6.5	4.0
$80,000 to $89,999	435	275	160	3.4	4.2	2.5
$90,000 to $99,999	390	225	170	3.0	3.4	2.7
$100,000 and over	825	595	235	6.4	9.0	3.7
$100,000 to $149,999	675	465	205	5.2	7.1	3.2
$150,000 and over	155	125	25	1.2	1.9	0.4
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	13,130	6,700	6,435	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	235	110	130	1.8	1.6	2.0
With after-tax income	12,895	6,585	6,310	98.2	98.3	98.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,045	445	600	8.1	6.8	9.5
$10,000 to $19,999	1,910	785	1,125	14.8	11.9	17.8
$20,000 to $29,999	2,535	1,185	1,350	19.7	18.0	21.4
$30,000 to $39,999	2,150	1,065	1,080	16.7	16.2	17.1
$40,000 to $49,999	1,830	990	840	14.2	15.0	13.3
$50,000 to $59,999	1,330	800	530	10.3	12.1	8.4
$60,000 to $69,999	785	490	295	6.1	7.4	4.7
$70,000 to $79,999	580	330	255	4.5	5.0	4.0
$80,000 to $89,999	315	185	125	2.4	2.8	2.0
$90,000 to $99,999	180	130	55	1.4	2.0	0.9
$100,000 and over	235	180	55	1.8	2.7	0.9
$100,000 to $124,999	170	135	40	1.3	2.1	0.6
$125,000 and over	65	50	15	0.5	0.8	0.2
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	13,130	6,700	6,435	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	4,335	1,980	2,360	33.0	29.6	36.7
With employment income	8,790	4,720	4,070	66.9	70.4	63.2
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,215	635	580	13.8	13.5	14.3
$5,000 to $9,999	735	305	430	8.4	6.5	10.6
$10,000 to $19,999	1,055	460	595	12.0	9.7	14.6
$20,000 to $29,999	950	450	500	10.8	9.5	12.3
$30,000 to $39,999	865	395	470	9.8	8.4	11.5
$40,000 to $49,999	840	440	400	9.6	9.3	9.8
$50,000 to $59,999	810	475	335	9.2	10.1	8.2
$60,000 to $69,999	610	385	220	6.9	8.2	5.4
$70,000 to $79,999	435	280	160	4.9	5.9	3.9
$80,000 to $89,999	320	215	110	3.6	4.6	2.7
$90,000 to $99,999	320	175	145	3.6	3.7	3.6
$100,000 and over	630	485	140	7.2	10.3	3.4
$100,000 to $124,999	390	290	100	4.4	6.1	2.5
$125,000 and over	235	195	40	2.7	4.1	1.0
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	13,130	6,695	6,430	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	12,695	6,485	6,200	96.7	96.9	96.4
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,600	41,600	30,000	35,600	41,600	30,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	12,700	6,490	6,210	96.7	96.9	96.6
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	32,000	37,200	27,600	32,000	37,200	27,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	11,115	5,820	5,295	84.7	86.9	82.3
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	30,600	37,600	26,000	30,600	37,600	26,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	8,915	4,775	4,145	67.9	71.3	64.5
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,800	42,400	28,600	34,800	42,400	28,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	9,950	4,825	5,125	75.8	72.1	79.7
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,200	9,800	10,500	10,200	9,800	10,500
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	1,955	1,175	780	14.9	17.6	12.1
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,520	6,040	4,960	5,520	6,040	4,960
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	13,130	6,695	6,430	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	12,705	6,470	6,235	96.8	96.6	97.0
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	43,560	49,720	37,160	43,560	49,720	37,160
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	12,705	6,470	6,235	96.8	96.6	97.0
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,800	40,880	32,560	36,800	40,880	32,560
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	11,235	5,865	5,370	85.6	87.6	83.5
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,360	45,880	32,240	39,360	45,880	32,240
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	8,995	4,825	4,165	68.5	72.1	64.8
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,080	46,680	34,560	41,080	46,680	34,560
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	9,920	4,800	5,120	75.6	71.7	79.6
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	11,210	10,930	11,460	11,210	10,930	11,460
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,940	1,135	805	14.8	17.0	12.5
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,860	6,620	7,200	6,860	6,620	7,200
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	13,130	6,695	6,435	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	3,960	2,180	1,785	30.2	32.6	27.7
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	51,600	57,600	45,600	51,600	57,600	45,600
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	56,500	62,550	49,120	56,500	62,550	49,120
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	3,505	1,755	1,755	26.7	26.2	27.3
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	25,200	32,000	20,600	25,200	32,000	20,600
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	34,800	42,920	26,680	34,800	42,920	26,680
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	80.0	83.6	74.6	80.0	83.6	74.6
Employment income (%)	66.8	70.0	62.1	66.8	70.0	62.1
Government transfers (%)	20.1	16.3	25.3	20.1	16.3	25.3
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.4	2.3	2.5	2.4	2.3	2.5
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	7,315	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	65,500	...	...	65,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	58,000	...	...	58,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	2,590	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	35,600	...	...	35,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	32,400	...	...	32,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	4,725	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	88,000	...	...	88,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	76,500	...	...	76,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	7,315	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	79,300	...	...	79,300	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	67,400	...	...	67,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	2,600	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	43,880	...	...	43,880	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	37,520	...	...	37,520	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	4,715	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	98,900	...	...	98,900	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	83,800	...	...	83,800	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	7,315	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	75	...	...	1.0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	40	...	...	0.5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	105	...	...	1.4	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	170	...	...	2.3	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	535	...	...	7.3	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	330	...	...	4.5	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	315	...	...	4.3	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	410	...	...	5.6	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	390	...	...	5.3	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	335	...	...	4.6	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	615	...	...	8.4	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	585	...	...	8.0	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	515	...	...	7.0	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	415	...	...	5.7	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	410	...	...	5.6	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,075	...	...	28.4	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	755	...	...	10.3	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	515	...	...	7.0	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	540	...	...	7.4	...	...
$200,000 and over	265	...	...	3.6	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	7,315	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	80	...	...	1.1	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	40	...	...	0.5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	110	...	...	1.5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	185	...	...	2.5	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	550	...	...	7.5	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	395	...	...	5.4	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	380	...	...	5.2	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	480	...	...	6.6	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	455	...	...	6.2	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	410	...	...	5.6	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	720	...	...	9.8	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	640	...	...	8.7	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	545	...	...	7.5	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	485	...	...	6.6	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	375	...	...	5.1	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,465	...	...	20.0	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	725	...	...	9.9	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	390	...	...	5.3	...	...
$150,000 and over	350	...	...	4.8	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	4,600	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	88,000	...	...	88,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	76,500	...	...	76,500	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	2,305	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	75,000	...	...	75,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	66,500	...	...	66,500	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	1,495	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	128,000	...	...	128,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	108,000	...	...	108,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.1	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	675	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	66,000	...	...	66,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	59,200	...	...	59,200	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	2,950	1,635	1,315	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	35,200	40,000	30,400	35,200	40,000	30,400
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	32,000	35,200	28,200	32,000	35,200	28,200
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	4,570	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	99,200	...	...	99,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	84,000	...	...	84,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,270	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	87,100	...	...	87,100	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	73,400	...	...	73,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,505	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	132,000	...	...	132,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	111,200	...	...	111,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	690	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	68,200	...	...	68,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	60,100	...	...	60,100	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	2,980	1,605	1,375	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	42,640	46,600	38,000	42,640	46,600	38,000
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	36,600	39,280	33,480	36,600	39,280	33,480
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	15,785	8,000	7,785	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	3,205	1,585	1,620	20.3	19.8	20.8
0 to 5 years	885	450	435	5.6	5.6	5.6
18 to 64 years	8,940	4,565	4,375	56.6	57.1	56.2
65 years and over	3,635	1,850	1,785	23.0	23.1	22.9
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	2,335	1,140	1,195	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	395	200	195	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	145	70	75	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	1,000	515	490	...	...	...
65 years and over	935	430	510	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	14.8	14.3	15.4	14.8	14.3	15.4
0 to 17 years (%)	12.4	12.6	12.2	12.4	12.6	12.2
0 to 5 years (%)	16.4	15.6	17.5	16.4	15.6	17.5
18 to 64 years (%)	11.2	11.3	11.2	11.2	11.3	11.2
65 years and over (%)	25.8	23.1	28.6	25.8	23.1	28.6
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	14,755	7,500	7,255	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	2,940	1,465	1,475	19.9	19.5	20.3
0 to 5 years	820	425	395	5.6	5.7	5.4
18 to 64 years	8,330	4,260	4,065	56.5	56.8	56.0
65 years and over	3,485	1,770	1,715	23.6	23.6	23.6
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	390	205	185	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	70	30	40	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	25	10	10	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	285	155	125	...	...	...
65 years and over	35	20	15	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.7	2.8	2.5	2.7	2.8	2.5
0 to 17 years (%)	2.4	2.0	2.8	2.4	2.0	2.8
0 to 5 years (%)	2.6	2.8	2.4	2.6	2.8	2.4
18 to 64 years (%)	3.4	3.7	3.2	3.4	3.7	3.2
65 years and over (%)	1.0	1.2	0.9	1.0	1.2	0.9
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	15,785	8,005	7,785	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	9,695	4,820	4,880	61.4	60.2	62.7
In bottom decile	1,900	925	975	12.0	11.6	12.5
In second decile	2,090	1,015	1,075	13.2	12.7	13.8
In third decile	1,935	945	985	12.3	11.8	12.7
In fourth decile	1,900	960	940	12.0	12.0	12.1
In fifth decile	1,875	970	905	11.9	12.1	11.6
In top half of the distribution	6,085	3,185	2,900	38.5	39.8	37.3
In sixth decile	1,660	870	795	10.5	10.9	10.2
In seventh decile	1,465	770	695	9.3	9.6	8.9
In eighth decile	1,440	740	700	9.1	9.2	9.0
In ninth decile	980	510	470	6.2	6.4	6.0
In top decile	540	295	250	3.4	3.7	3.2
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	15,790	...	...	15,790	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.295	...	...	0.295	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.444	...	...	0.444	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.257	...	...	0.257	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.3	...	...	3.3	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	15,940	8,075	7,865	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	1,680	820	860	10.5	10.2	10.9
French only	8,090	3,880	4,210	50.8	48.0	53.5
English and French	6,110	3,330	2,780	38.3	41.2	35.3
Neither English nor French	65	50	10	0.4	0.6	0.1
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	15,940	8,075	7,865	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	2,640	1,285	1,350	16.6	15.9	17.2
French	13,140	6,690	6,445	82.4	82.8	81.9
English and French	110	55	60	0.7	0.7	0.8
Neither English nor French	60	50	10	0.4	0.6	0.1
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	15,940	8,075	7,865	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	15,640	7,900	7,735	98.1	97.8	98.3
Official languages	15,370	7,750	7,620	96.4	96.0	96.9
English	2,425	1,170	1,255	15.2	14.5	16.0
French	12,945	6,580	6,360	81.2	81.5	80.9
Non-official languages	270	155	115	1.7	1.9	1.5
Indigenous languages³⁹	65	25	40	0.4	0.3	0.5
Algonquian languages	65	25	40	0.4	0.3	0.5
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	55	15	35	0.3	0.2	0.4
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	50	15	35	0.3	0.2	0.4
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	205	130	80	1.3	1.6	1.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	30	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Haitian Creole	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	140	90	45	0.9	1.1	0.6
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	20	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Russian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	25	10	10	0.2	0.1	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	25	10	10	0.2	0.1	0.1
German	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	90	70	25	0.6	0.9	0.3
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Portuguese	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Romanian	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Spanish	80	60	15	0.5	0.7	0.2
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Lao	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	305	175	130	1.9	2.2	1.7
English and French	265	155	115	1.7	1.9	1.5
English and non-official language(s)	20	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	20	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	15,940	8,075	7,865	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	2,510	1,250	1,265	15.7	15.5	16.1
French	12,215	6,175	6,035	76.6	76.5	76.7
Non-official language	95	65	25	0.6	0.8	0.3
Indigenous³⁹	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Non-Indigenous	90	65	25	0.6	0.8	0.3
English and French	965	500	470	6.1	6.2	6.0
English and non-official language(s)	70	45	25	0.4	0.6	0.3
French and non-official language(s)	50	25	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
English, French and non-official language(s)	30	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.3
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	15,940	8,075	7,865	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	15,660	7,940	7,720	98.2	98.3	98.2
Official languages	15,535	7,855	7,680	97.5	97.3	97.6
English	2,835	1,425	1,410	17.8	17.6	17.9
French	12,700	6,430	6,265	79.7	79.6	79.7
Non-official languages	125	85	45	0.8	1.1	0.6
Indigenous languages³⁹	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Algonquian languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	110	80	35	0.7	1.0	0.4
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	85	65	20	0.5	0.8	0.3
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	75	60	15	0.5	0.7	0.2
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	65	55	15	0.4	0.7	0.2
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	285	140	140	1.8	1.7	1.8
English and French	270	135	130	1.7	1.7	1.7
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	15,940	8,080	7,865	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	15,095	7,630	7,465	94.7	94.4	94.9
English	460	240	225	2.9	3.0	2.9
French	280	140	135	1.8	1.7	1.7
Non-official language	90	60	35	0.6	0.7	0.4
Indigenous³⁹	45	30	15	0.3	0.4	0.2
Non-Indigenous	45	25	15	0.3	0.3	0.2
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	15,785	8,005	7,780	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	15,725	7,950	7,770	99.6	99.3	99.9
English	7,760	4,105	3,660	49.2	51.3	47.0
French	14,050	7,165	6,880	89.0	89.5	88.4
Non-official languages	630	340	285	4.0	4.2	3.7
Indigenous languages³⁹	150	65	85	1.0	0.8	1.1
Algonquian languages	150	65	85	1.0	0.8	1.1
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	30	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.3
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	25	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.3
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	125	60	70	0.8	0.7	0.9
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	120	50	65	0.8	0.6	0.8
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	480	275	200	3.0	3.4	2.6
Afro-Asiatic languages	90	50	35	0.6	0.6	0.4
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	80	50	35	0.5	0.6	0.4
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	80	50	35	0.5	0.6	0.4
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	30	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	30	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Haitian Creole	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	315	200	120	2.0	2.5	1.5
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	30	30	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	20	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
German	20	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	265	160	105	1.7	2.0	1.3
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	20	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Portuguese	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	230	135	100	1.5	1.7	1.3
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	25	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	15,785	8,005	7,780	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	2,380	1,105	1,275	15.1	13.8	16.4
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	2,340	1,080	1,255	14.8	13.5	16.1
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,940	900	1,035	12.3	11.2	13.3
Métis	395	180	220	2.5	2.2	2.8
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Non-Indigenous identity	13,410	6,900	6,505	85.0	86.2	83.6
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	15,785	8,005	7,780	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	1,830	830	995	11.6	10.4	12.8
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	13,960	7,170	6,790	88.4	89.6	87.3
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	7,315	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	5,380	...	...	73.5	...	...
Renter	1,730	...	...	23.7	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	205	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	7,315	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	315	...	...	4.3	...	...
Not condominium	7,005	...	...	95.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	7,315	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	10	...	...	0.1	...	...
1 bedroom	600	...	...	8.2	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,985	...	...	27.1	...	...
3 bedrooms	2,685	...	...	36.7	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	2,050	...	...	28.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	7,315	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,635	...	...	22.4	...	...
5 rooms	1,225	...	...	16.7	...	...
6 rooms	1,290	...	...	17.6	...	...
7 rooms	1,035	...	...	14.1	...	...
8 or more rooms	2,130	...	...	29.1	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.4	...	...	6.4	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	7,315	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	7,265	...	...	99.3	...	...
More than one person per room	50	...	...	0.7	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	7,315	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	7,140	...	...	97.6	...	...
Not suitable	170	...	...	2.3	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	7,315	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	2,395	...	...	32.7	...	...
1961 to 1980	1,925	...	...	26.3	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,050	...	...	14.4	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,050	...	...	14.4	...	...
2001 to 2005	240	...	...	3.3	...	...
2006 to 2010	230	...	...	3.1	...	...
2011 to 2015	220	...	...	3.0	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	200	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	7,315	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	6,640	...	...	90.8	...	...
Major repairs needed	680	...	...	9.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	7,315	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	4,200	...	...	57.4	...	...
Two-maintainer household	3,015	...	...	41.2	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	100	...	...	1.4	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	7,315	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	220	...	...	3.0	...	...
25 to 34 years	725	...	...	9.9	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,100	...	...	15.0	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,075	...	...	14.7	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,770	...	...	24.2	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,415	...	...	19.3	...	...
75 to 84 years	810	...	...	11.1	...	...
85 years and over	205	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	6,765	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	6,205	...	...	91.7	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	560	...	...	8.3	...	...
30% to less than 100%	525	...	...	7.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	7,320	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	1,335	...	...	18.2	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	520	...	...	7.1	...	...
Not suitable only	135	...	...	1.8	...	...
Major repairs needed only	620	...	...	8.5	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	30	...	...	0.4	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	25	...	...	0.3	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	5,980	...	...	81.7	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	6,735	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	560	...	...	8.3	...	...
Not in core need	6,170	...	...	91.6	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	5,095	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	51.6	...	...	51.6	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	5.8	...	...	5.8	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	5.8	...	...	5.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	655	...	...	655	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	783	...	...	783	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	160,000	...	...	160,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	185,000	...	...	185,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,695	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	12.1	...	...	12.1	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	15.7	...	...	15.7	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	15.6	...	...	15.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	600	...	...	600	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	621	...	...	621	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	205	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	10.0	...	...	10.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	352	...	...	352	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	368	...	...	368	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	15,790	8,000	7,785	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	1,730	825	905	11.0	10.3	11.6
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	1,715	825	895	10.9	10.3	11.5
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	1,645	795	850	10.4	9.9	10.9
Métis single ancestry	70	25	45	0.4	0.3	0.6
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	1,140	530	610	7.2	6.6	7.8
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	1,140	530	610	7.2	6.6	7.8
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	1,015	480	540	6.4	6.0	6.9
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	120	50	70	0.8	0.6	0.9
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	12,920	6,650	6,270	81.8	83.1	80.5
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	15,785	8,005	7,785	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	15,520	7,835	7,675	98.3	97.9	98.6
Canadian citizens aged under 18	3,170	1,600	1,565	20.1	20.0	20.1
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	12,350	6,235	6,110	78.2	77.9	78.5
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	270	165	110	1.7	2.1	1.4
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	15,785	8,005	7,785	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	15,305	7,720	7,590	97.0	96.4	97.5
Immigrants⁸¹	325	175	155	2.1	2.2	2.0
Before 1980	80	50	25	0.5	0.6	0.3
1980 to 1990	30	25	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
1991 to 2000	50	25	30	0.3	0.3	0.4
2001 to 2010	65	20	40	0.4	0.2	0.5
2011 to 2021⁸²	100	50	50	0.6	0.6	0.6
2011 to 2015	40	25	15	0.3	0.3	0.2
2016 to 2021	55	25	35	0.3	0.3	0.4
Non-permanent residents⁸³	155	110	45	1.0	1.4	0.6
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	325	175	155	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	40	30	10	12.3	17.1	6.5
5 to 14 years	55	35	25	16.9	20.0	16.1
15 to 24 years	35	20	10	10.8	11.4	6.5
25 to 44 years	170	75	95	52.3	42.9	61.3
45 years and over	25	10	15	7.7	5.7	9.7
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	325	175	155	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	40	20	20	12.3	11.4	12.9
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	25	10	10	7.7	5.7	6.5
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	160	100	65	49.2	57.1	41.9
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	60	35	25	18.5	20.0	16.1
Germany	15	15	0	4.6	8.6	0.0
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	10	10	0	3.1	5.7	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portugal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	10	0	0	3.1	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	55	25	25	16.9	14.3	16.1
Africa	75	35	35	23.1	20.0	22.6
Algeria	15	10	0	4.6	5.7	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	20	10	10	6.2	5.7	6.5
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	35	15	20	10.8	8.6	12.9
Asia	40	15	30	12.3	8.6	19.4
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	20	0	20	6.2	0.0	12.9
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	60	25	35	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	10	10	0	16.7	40.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	20	15	10	33.3	60.0	28.6
France	20	15	10	33.3	60.0	28.6
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	20	10	15	33.3	40.0	42.9
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	15	0	15	25.0	0.0	42.9
Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	15,785	8,005	7,780	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	540	285	255	3.4	3.6	3.3
Second generation¹⁰¹	440	255	180	2.8	3.2	2.3
Third generation or more¹⁰²	14,810	7,460	7,350	93.8	93.2	94.5
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	245	120	130	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	140	80	60	57.1	66.7	46.2
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	65	35	20	26.5	29.2	15.4
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	80	40	40	32.7	33.3	30.8
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	100	30	65	40.8	25.0	50.0
Refugees¹⁰⁸	10	10	0	4.1	8.3	0.0
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	245	120	130	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	35	20	20	14.3	16.7	15.4
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	15	15	0	6.1	12.5	0.0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	15	15	0	6.1	12.5	0.0
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	180	70	105	73.5	58.3	80.8
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	15,785	8,005	7,780	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	305	165	135	1.9	2.1	1.7
South Asian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Chinese	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Black	90	45	45	0.6	0.6	0.6
Filipino	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Arab	85	50	35	0.5	0.6	0.4
Latin American	50	50	0	0.3	0.6	0.0
Southeast Asian	30	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.3
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	15,485	7,835	7,650	98.1	97.9	98.3
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	15,785	8,005	7,785	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	5,830	3,000	2,825	36.9	37.5	36.3
English	440	225	210	2.8	2.8	2.7
Irish	855	400	460	5.4	5.0	5.9
Scottish	360	180	180	2.3	2.2	2.3
French, n.o.s.¹²²	3,370	1,785	1,585	21.3	22.3	20.4
German	170	90	75	1.1	1.1	1.0
Chinese	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.3
Italian	110	60	55	0.7	0.7	0.7
Indian (India)	25	20	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Ukrainian	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Dutch	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Polish	55	20	35	0.3	0.2	0.4
Québécois	2,080	1,020	1,055	13.2	12.7	13.6
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	55	40	20	0.3	0.5	0.3
Filipino	35	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.3
French Canadian	1,330	635	695	8.4	7.9	8.9
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	320	155	170	2.0	1.9	2.2
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	915	445	470	5.8	5.6	6.0
Métis	205	75	125	1.3	0.9	1.6
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	175	80	100	1.1	1.0	1.3
Russian	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Norwegian	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Welsh	30	30	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American	140	45	90	0.9	0.6	1.2
Spanish	140	60	80	0.9	0.7	1.0
Swedish	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Acadian	60	40	20	0.4	0.5	0.3
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Jewish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	65	40	25	0.4	0.5	0.3
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	105	35	70	0.7	0.4	0.9
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	265	130	130	1.7	1.6	1.7
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	30	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.3
Belgian	90	45	40	0.6	0.6	0.5
Haitian	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mennonite	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	25	15	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	20	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	95	60	35	0.6	0.7	0.4
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moroccan	70	35	35	0.4	0.4	0.4
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	30	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
Newfoundlander	60	20	40	0.4	0.2	0.5
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	150	65	80	1.0	0.8	1.0
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	1,195	520	675	7.6	6.5	8.7
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	25	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	45	25	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	40	10	25	0.3	0.1	0.3
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	20	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	45	20	25	0.3	0.2	0.3
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	35	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	40	25	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	40	25	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	50	35	10	0.3	0.4	0.1
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	55	15	40	0.3	0.2	0.5
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	15,785	8,005	7,780	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian	11,640	5,895	5,745	73.7	73.6	73.8
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	585	275	315	3.7	3.4	4.0
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Baptist	35	15	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
Catholic	10,670	5,410	5,260	67.6	67.6	67.6
Christian Orthodox	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jehovah's Witness	50	25	30	0.3	0.3	0.4
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lutheran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	80	45	35	0.5	0.6	0.4
Presbyterian	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	105	65	40	0.7	0.8	0.5
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	105	65	40	0.7	0.8	0.5
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	210	80	135	1.3	1.0	1.7
Other religions and spiritual traditions	25	10	10	0.2	0.1	0.1
No religion and secular perspectives	3,800	1,955	1,845	24.1	24.4	23.7
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	15,645	7,920	7,720	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	13,975	7,150	6,825	89.3	90.3	88.4
Movers	1,670	770	900	10.7	9.7	11.7
Non-migrants	585	230	350	3.7	2.9	4.5
Migrants	1,090	540	545	7.0	6.8	7.1
Internal migrants	1,015	490	525	6.5	6.2	6.8
Intraprovincial migrants	815	385	430	5.2	4.9	5.6
Interprovincial migrants	200	110	95	1.3	1.4	1.2
External migrants	70	45	25	0.4	0.6	0.3
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	15,105	7,660	7,440	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	9,840	5,085	4,760	65.1	66.4	64.0
Movers	5,260	2,575	2,685	34.8	33.6	36.1
Non-migrants	1,480	695	785	9.8	9.1	10.6
Migrants	3,780	1,880	1,900	25.0	24.5	25.5
Internal migrants	3,615	1,770	1,845	23.9	23.1	24.8
Intraprovincial migrants	3,135	1,540	1,595	20.8	20.1	21.4
Interprovincial migrants	485	230	255	3.2	3.0	3.4
External migrants	165	110	55	1.1	1.4	0.7
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	13,130	6,695	6,430	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	3,935	2,350	1,590	30.0	35.1	24.7
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	9,190	4,350	4,845	70.0	65.0	75.3
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	8,000	4,010	3,985	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,895	1,240	650	23.7	30.9	16.3
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	6,100	2,770	3,335	76.3	69.1	83.7
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	13,130	6,695	6,430	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	3,370	1,905	1,470	25.7	28.5	22.9
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	2,935	1,375	1,555	22.4	20.5	24.2
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,825	3,410	3,410	52.0	50.9	53.0
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	5,480	2,925	2,560	41.7	43.7	39.8
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,965	1,970	995	22.6	29.4	15.5
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	2,075	1,255	820	15.8	18.7	12.8
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	895	715	180	6.8	10.7	2.8
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	2,065	850	1,215	15.7	12.7	18.9
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	450	105	345	3.4	1.6	5.4
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,340	485	855	10.2	7.2	13.3
Bachelor's degree	1,035	360	675	7.9	5.4	10.5
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	140	50	85	1.1	0.7	1.3
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	45	35	10	0.3	0.5	0.2
Master's degree	110	45	70	0.8	0.7	1.1
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	8,000	4,015	3,985	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,495	935	560	18.7	23.3	14.1
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,540	680	855	19.3	16.9	21.5
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,965	2,395	2,575	62.1	59.7	64.6
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	3,925	2,070	1,850	49.1	51.6	46.4
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,290	1,500	795	28.6	37.4	19.9
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	1,625	975	655	20.3	24.3	16.4
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	665	525	145	8.3	13.1	3.6
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,395	525	865	17.4	13.1	21.7
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	240	45	195	3.0	1.1	4.9
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,040	320	720	13.0	8.0	18.1
Bachelor's degree	825	235	585	10.3	5.9	14.7
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	90	25	60	1.1	0.6	1.5
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	40	25	10	0.5	0.6	0.3
Master's degree	85	30	60	1.1	0.7	1.5
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.3
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	13,130	6,700	6,435	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	6,305	3,280	3,020	48.0	49.0	46.9
Education	665	130	540	5.1	1.9	8.4
13. Education	665	130	540	5.1	1.9	8.4
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	110	45	65	0.8	0.7	1.0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	20	15	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	90	30	60	0.7	0.4	0.9
Humanities	230	65	165	1.8	1.0	2.6
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
23. English language and literature/letters	20	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.3
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	135	30	100	1.0	0.4	1.6
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
54. History	30	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.3
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	365	70	295	2.8	1.0	4.6
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	30	0	25	0.2	0.0	0.4
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	175	0	170	1.3	0.0	2.6
22. Legal professions and studies	55	20	30	0.4	0.3	0.5
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
42. Psychology	60	20	40	0.5	0.3	0.6
45. Social sciences	35	15	15	0.3	0.2	0.2
Business, management and public administration	1,275	260	1,010	9.7	3.9	15.7
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	160	25	130	1.2	0.4	2.0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,110	235	880	8.5	3.5	13.7
Physical and life sciences and technologies	115	70	40	0.9	1.0	0.6
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	25	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
40. Physical sciences	25	20	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
41. Science technologies/technicians	20	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	65	30	25	0.5	0.4	0.4
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	40	30	15	0.3	0.4	0.2
25. Library science	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,935	1,855	80	14.7	27.7	1.2
04. Architecture and related services	25	15	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
14. Engineering	115	110	0	0.9	1.6	0.0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	405	365	40	3.1	5.4	0.6
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	520	510	0	4.0	7.6	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	545	540	10	4.2	8.1	0.2
48. Precision production	325	310	10	2.5	4.6	0.2
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	580	415	170	4.4	6.2	2.6
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	285	195	90	2.2	2.9	1.4
03. Natural resources and conservation	300	215	80	2.3	3.2	1.2
Health and related fields	860	125	735	6.5	1.9	11.4
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	35	20	15	0.3	0.3	0.2
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	805	100	705	6.1	1.5	11.0
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Personal, protective and transportation services	625	345	275	4.8	5.1	4.3
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	265	65	205	2.0	1.0	3.2
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	145	100	40	1.1	1.5	0.6
49. Transportation and materials moving	205	180	25	1.6	2.7	0.4
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	8,000	4,015	3,985	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	3,035	1,620	1,410	37.9	40.3	35.4
Education	365	55	305	4.6	1.4	7.7
13. Education	365	55	305	4.6	1.4	7.7
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	85	30	55	1.1	0.7	1.4
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	75	25	50	0.9	0.6	1.3
Humanities	125	25	100	1.6	0.6	2.5
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
23. English language and literature/letters	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.4
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	60	0	50	0.8	0.0	1.3
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
54. History	20	0	20	0.3	0.0	0.5
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	290	45	250	3.6	1.1	6.3
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.3
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	20	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.4
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	150	0	150	1.9	0.0	3.8
22. Legal professions and studies	30	0	25	0.4	0.0	0.6
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.3
42. Psychology	50	10	40	0.6	0.2	1.0
45. Social sciences	20	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.3
Business, management and public administration	985	150	835	12.3	3.7	21.0
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	135	15	115	1.7	0.4	2.9
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	850	130	725	10.6	3.2	18.2
Physical and life sciences and technologies	65	35	30	0.8	0.9	0.8
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	25	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.4
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	20	15	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.3
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	45	25	20	0.6	0.6	0.5
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	35	20	15	0.4	0.5	0.4
25. Library science	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.3
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,445	1,375	75	18.1	34.2	1.9
04. Architecture and related services	25	15	10	0.3	0.4	0.3
14. Engineering	85	80	0	1.1	2.0	0.0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	290	255	35	3.6	6.4	0.9
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	420	415	0	5.3	10.3	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	410	395	10	5.1	9.8	0.3
48. Precision production	220	205	10	2.8	5.1	0.3
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	460	330	130	5.8	8.2	3.3
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	215	140	65	2.7	3.5	1.6
03. Natural resources and conservation	255	185	65	3.2	4.6	1.6
Health and related fields	605	80	530	7.6	2.0	13.3
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	20	15	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	570	60	510	7.1	1.5	12.8
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	15	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	485	260	230	6.1	6.5	5.8
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	210	45	170	2.6	1.1	4.3
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	110	75	35	1.4	1.9	0.9
49. Transportation and materials moving	155	135	15	1.9	3.4	0.4
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	8,000	4,015	3,985	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,035	1,620	1,410	37.9	40.3	35.4
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	4,965	2,395	2,570	62.1	59.7	64.5
Location of study inside Canada	4,830	2,325	2,505	60.4	57.9	62.9
Same as province or territory of residence	4,025	2,020	2,005	50.3	50.3	50.3
Different than province or territory of residence	810	305	505	10.1	7.6	12.7
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	135	70	65	1.7	1.7	1.6
Americas	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
United States of America	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	70	30	40	0.9	0.7	1.0
Belgium	15	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
France	40	20	20	0.5	0.5	0.5
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	45	30	15	0.6	0.7	0.4
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Morocco	20	10	10	0.3	0.2	0.3
Tunisia	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	13,130	6,695	6,430	...	...	...
In the labour force	7,550	4,040	3,505	...	...	...
Employed	7,010	3,680	3,330	...	...	...
Unemployed	535	355	185	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	5,585	2,660	2,925	...	...	...
Participation rate	57.5	60.3	54.5	57.5	60.3	54.5
Employment rate	53.4	55.0	51.8	53.4	55.0	51.8
Unemployment rate	7.1	8.8	5.3	7.1	8.8	5.3
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	13,130	6,700	6,435	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	5,255	2,515	2,740	40.0	37.5	42.6
Worked	7,880	4,185	3,695	60.0	62.5	57.4
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	4,065	2,235	1,825	31.0	33.4	28.4
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	3,815	1,945	1,865	29.1	29.0	29.0
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.7	40.4	40.9	40.7	40.4	40.9
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	7,545	4,040	3,510	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	145	105	40	1.9	2.6	1.1
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	7,405	3,935	3,470	98.1	97.4	98.9
Employee	6,530	3,420	3,110	86.5	84.7	88.6
Permanent position	5,185	2,740	2,445	68.7	67.8	69.7
Temporary position	1,345	680	670	17.8	16.8	19.1
Fixed term (1 year or more)	350	150	205	4.6	3.7	5.8
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	990	535	460	13.1	13.2	13.1
Self-employed¹⁹²	875	515	360	11.6	12.7	10.3
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	7,545	4,040	3,510	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	145	105	40	1.9	2.6	1.1
All occupations¹⁹¹	7,405	3,935	3,470	98.1	97.4	98.9
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	105	50	55	1.4	1.2	1.6
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	890	200	695	11.8	5.0	19.8
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	340	270	70	4.5	6.7	2.0
3 Health occupations	535	60	475	7.1	1.5	13.5
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,060	170	895	14.0	4.2	25.5
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	95	35	60	1.3	0.9	1.7
6 Sales and service occupations	1,510	630	880	20.0	15.6	25.1
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,720	1,565	150	22.8	38.7	4.3
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	620	525	95	8.2	13.0	2.7
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	535	435	100	7.1	10.8	2.8
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	7,545	4,040	3,510	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	145	105	40	1.9	2.6	1.1
All industries¹⁹¹	7,405	3,935	3,470	98.1	97.4	98.9
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	665	500	165	8.8	12.4	4.7
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	275	265	10	3.6	6.6	0.3
22 Utilities	105	90	15	1.4	2.2	0.4
23 Construction	600	510	90	8.0	12.6	2.6
31-33 Manufacturing	1,050	825	225	13.9	20.4	6.4
41 Wholesale trade	90	70	25	1.2	1.7	0.7
44-45 Retail trade	765	380	385	10.1	9.4	11.0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	370	275	100	4.9	6.8	2.8
51 Information and cultural industries	40	20	20	0.5	0.5	0.6
52 Finance and insurance	140	30	105	1.9	0.7	3.0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	20	10	10	0.3	0.2	0.3
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	165	80	85	2.2	2.0	2.4
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	180	100	75	2.4	2.5	2.1
61 Educational services	605	110	495	8.0	2.7	14.1
62 Health care and social assistance	1,135	100	1,035	15.0	2.5	29.5
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	65	40	25	0.9	1.0	0.7
72 Accommodation and food services	260	90	175	3.4	2.2	5.0
81 Other services (except public administration)	270	120	150	3.6	3.0	4.3
91 Public administration	605	320	290	8.0	7.9	8.3
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	8,300	4,390	3,910	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	1,000	510	480	12.0	11.6	12.3
French	5,510	2,960	2,550	66.4	67.4	65.2
Non-official language	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
English and French	1,710	865	845	20.6	19.7	21.6
English and non-official language(s)	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.4
French and non-official language(s)	55	40	15	0.7	0.9	0.4
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.3
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	8,300	4,390	3,910	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	7,955	4,215	3,740	95.8	96.0	95.7
Official languages	7,910	4,170	3,740	95.3	95.0	95.7
English	1,420	730	685	17.1	16.6	17.5
French	6,485	3,435	3,055	78.1	78.2	78.1
Non-official languages	45	40	0	0.5	0.9	0.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	40	40	0	0.5	0.9	0.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	40	40	0	0.5	0.9	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	40	40	0	0.5	0.9	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	40	40	0	0.5	0.9	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	355	180	170	4.3	4.1	4.3
English and French	340	175	165	4.1	4.0	4.2
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.3
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	8,300	4,390	3,910	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	6,865	3,655	3,200	82.7	83.3	81.8
English	955	470	485	11.5	10.7	12.4
French	445	250	195	5.4	5.7	5.0
Non-official language	30	10	20	0.4	0.2	0.5
Indigenous³⁹	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.3
Non-Indigenous	20	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.4
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	7,010	3,680	3,325	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	755	325	430	10.8	8.8	12.9
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No fixed workplace address	775	655	120	11.1	17.8	3.6
Usual place of work	5,470	2,700	2,770	78.0	73.4	83.3
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	5,470	2,700	2,770	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	2,245	1,065	1,180	41.0	39.4	42.6
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	2,675	1,280	1,395	48.9	47.4	50.4
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	385	250	130	7.0	9.3	4.7
Commute to a different province or territory	165	100	65	3.0	3.7	2.3
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	6,245	3,355	2,890	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	5,350	2,920	2,430	85.7	87.0	84.1
Car, truck or van - as a driver	5,025	2,730	2,300	80.5	81.4	79.6
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	320	190	135	5.1	5.7	4.7
Public transit	25	15	15	0.4	0.4	0.5
Walked	660	290	375	10.6	8.6	13.0
Bicycle	20	15	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
Other method	185	120	70	3.0	3.6	2.4
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	6,245	3,355	2,890	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	3,320	1,615	1,715	53.2	48.1	59.3
15 to 29 minutes	1,740	945	795	27.9	28.2	27.5
30 to 44 minutes	530	310	225	8.5	9.2	7.8
45 to 59 minutes	195	95	100	3.1	2.8	3.5
60 minutes and over	455	390	60	7.3	11.6	2.1
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	6,245	3,355	2,890	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	530	475	55	8.5	14.2	1.9
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	940	715	225	15.1	21.3	7.8
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,945	965	980	31.1	28.8	33.9
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,610	550	1,055	25.8	16.4	36.5
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	410	135	275	6.6	4.0	9.5
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	820	515	305	13.1	15.4	10.6
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	3,265	1,615	1,650	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	840	405	430	25.7	25.1	26.1
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,425	1,210	1,215	74.3	74.9	73.6
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	2,480	1,220	1,260	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	625	300	325	25.2	24.6	25.8
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	445	210	235	17.9	17.2	18.7
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	185	90	95	7.5	7.4	7.5
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,855	920	935	74.8	75.4	74.2

Symbol legend

...
not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 18, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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