Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	SorelMore information: Quebec [Population centre]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	36,650	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	36,365^r	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	0.8	...	...	0.8	...	...
Total private dwellings²	18,639	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	17,887	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,197.5	...	...	1,197.5	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	30.61	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	36,650	18,065	18,590	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	4,530	2,360	2,170	12.4	13.1	11.7
0 to 4 years	1,335	670	665	3.6	3.7	3.6
5 to 9 years	1,615	880	735	4.4	4.9	4.0
10 to 14 years	1,575	815	765	4.3	4.5	4.1
15 to 64 years	20,775	10,580	10,200	56.7	58.6	54.9
15 to 19 years	1,465	770	695	4.0	4.3	3.7
20 to 24 years	1,550	830	725	4.2	4.6	3.9
25 to 29 years	1,650	865	790	4.5	4.8	4.2
30 to 34 years	1,775	885	885	4.8	4.9	4.8
35 to 39 years	1,945	1,050	890	5.3	5.8	4.8
40 to 44 years	2,170	1,125	1,050	5.9	6.2	5.6
45 to 49 years	1,805	970	840	4.9	5.4	4.5
50 to 54 years	2,155	1,060	1,095	5.9	5.9	5.9
55 to 59 years	2,760	1,325	1,430	7.5	7.3	7.7
60 to 64 years	3,500	1,705	1,795	9.5	9.4	9.7
65 years and over	11,345	5,120	6,225	31.0	28.3	33.5
65 to 69 years	3,315	1,605	1,710	9.0	8.9	9.2
70 to 74 years	2,990	1,420	1,570	8.2	7.9	8.4
75 to 79 years	2,385	1,120	1,260	6.5	6.2	6.8
80 to 84 years	1,275	555	715	3.5	3.1	3.8
85 years and over	1,380	415	965	3.8	2.3	5.2
85 to 89 years	875	305	575	2.4	1.7	3.1
90 to 94 years	400	100	305	1.1	0.6	1.6
95 to 99 years	85	15	70	0.2	0.1	0.4
100 years and over	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	12.4	13.1	11.7	12.4	13.1	11.7
15 to 64 years	56.7	58.6	54.9	56.7	58.6	54.9
65 years and over	31.0	28.3	33.5	31.0	28.3	33.5
85 years and over	3.8	2.3	5.2	3.8	2.3	5.2
Average age of the population	49.0	47.4	50.5	49.0	47.4	50.5
Median age of the population	53.6	50.8	55.6	53.6	50.8	55.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	17,890	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	9,340	...	...	52.2	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,050	...	...	5.9	...	...
Row house	355	...	...	2.0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	1,600	...	...	8.9	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	5,275	...	...	29.5	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	150	...	...	0.8	...	...
Other single-attached house	85	...	...	0.5	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	35	...	...	0.2	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	17,885	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	7,155	...	...	40.0	...	...
2 persons	6,940	...	...	38.8	...	...
3 persons	1,870	...	...	10.5	...	...
4 persons	1,335	...	...	7.5	...	...
5 or more persons	595	...	...	3.3	...	...
Number of persons in private households	35,205	17,490	17,720	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	32,120	15,700	16,420	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	17,315	8,645	8,675	53.9	55.1	52.8
Married	9,345	4,665	4,680	29.1	29.7	28.5
Living common-law	7,970	3,980	3,990	24.8	25.4	24.3
Living common law - Never married	6,125	3,060	3,065	19.1	19.5	18.7
Living common law - Separated	75	35	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Living common law - Divorced	1,505	765	740	4.7	4.9	4.5
Living common law - Widowed	270	115	155	0.8	0.7	0.9
Not married and not living common-law	14,805	7,055	7,750	46.1	44.9	47.2
Not married and not living common law - Never married	9,150	5,175	3,970	28.5	33.0	24.2
Not married and not living common law - Separated	370	165	205	1.2	1.1	1.2
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	2,635	1,075	1,560	8.2	6.8	9.5
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	2,650	640	2,010	8.3	4.1	12.2
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	10,245	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	6,780	...	...	66.2	...	...
3 persons	1,720	...	...	16.8	...	...
4 persons	1,265	...	...	12.3	...	...
5 or more persons	480	...	...	4.7	...	...
Average size of census families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.7	...	...	1.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	10,245	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	8,520	...	...	83.2	...	...
Married couples	4,540	...	...	44.3	...	...
With children⁶	1,080	...	...	10.5	...	...
Without children	3,455	...	...	33.7	...	...
Common-law couples	3,985	...	...	38.9	...	...
With children⁶	1,795	...	...	17.5	...	...
Without children	2,190	...	...	21.4	...	...
Total one-parent families	1,725	...	...	16.8	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	1,255	...	...	12.2	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	470	...	...	4.6	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	35,205	17,490	17,720	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	26,365	13,135	13,230	74.9	75.1	74.7
Married spouses or common-law partners	17,040	8,520	8,525	48.4	48.7	48.1
Parents in one-parent families	1,725	470	1,250	4.9	2.7	7.1
Children⁶	7,595	4,145	3,455	21.6	23.7	19.5
In a two-parent family	5,100	2,750	2,345	14.5	15.7	13.2
In a one-parent family	2,495	1,390	1,110	7.1	7.9	6.3
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	8,845	4,360	4,485	25.1	24.9	25.3
Living alone	7,155	3,475	3,680	20.3	19.9	20.8
Living with other relatives⁷	700	320	375	2.0	1.8	2.1
Living with non-relatives only	990	555	430	2.8	3.2	2.4
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	17,890	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	9,710	...	...	54.3	...	...
Couple-family households	8,175	...	...	45.7	...	...
With children⁶	2,740	...	...	15.3	...	...
Without children	5,440	...	...	30.4	...	...
One-parent-family households	1,530	...	...	8.6	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	160	...	...	0.9	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	25	...	...	0.1	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	275	...	...	1.5	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	565	...	...	3.2	...	...
One-person households	7,155	...	...	40.0	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	30,675	15,125	15,550	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	30,165	14,895	15,275	98.3	98.5	98.2
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,400	42,400	30,800	36,400	42,400	30,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	30,165	14,895	15,275	98.3	98.5	98.2
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	33,200	38,000	28,600	33,200	38,000	28,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	25,735	13,160	12,575	83.9	87.0	80.9
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	29,000	35,600	22,800	29,000	35,600	22,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	18,260	9,730	8,530	59.5	64.3	54.9
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,800	41,600	28,800	34,800	41,600	28,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	25,845	12,170	13,675	84.3	80.5	87.9
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	13,800	14,000	13,600	13,800	14,000	13,600
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	3,255	1,795	1,455	10.6	11.9	9.4
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,480	5,480	5,440	5,480	5,480	5,440
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,925	3,575	3,355	22.6	23.6	21.6
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,000	6,000	7,500	7,000	6,000	7,500
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	30,710	15,165	15,540	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	30,210	14,940	15,275	98.4	98.5	98.3
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	45,200	52,500	38,040	45,200	52,500	38,040
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	30,210	14,940	15,275	98.4	98.5	98.3
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,760	42,600	33,040	37,760	42,600	33,040
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	25,600	13,090	12,510	83.4	86.3	80.5
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,640	47,680	31,240	39,640	47,680	31,240
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	18,320	9,695	8,625	59.7	63.9	55.5
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,200	49,960	35,600	43,200	49,960	35,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	25,845	12,115	13,730	84.2	79.9	88.4
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	13,560	13,220	13,840	13,560	13,220	13,840
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	3,300	1,755	1,545	10.7	11.6	9.9
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,550	6,395	6,720	6,550	6,395	6,720
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,950	3,605	3,345	22.6	23.8	21.5
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,070	7,830	8,330	8,070	7,830	8,330
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	30,710	15,170	15,540	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	8,680	4,805	3,875	28.3	31.7	24.9
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	58,000	68,500	48,800	58,000	68,500	48,800
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	65,000	73,100	54,950	65,000	73,100	54,950
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	7,150	3,470	3,685	23.3	22.9	23.7
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	18,400	22,600	16,000	18,400	22,600	16,000
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	27,160	33,120	21,560	27,160	33,120	21,560
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	74.4	79.6	67.2	74.4	79.6	67.2
Employment income (%)¹⁹	58.0	61.8	52.9	58.0	61.8	52.9
Government transfers (%)²⁰	25.7	20.4	32.7	25.7	20.4	32.7
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.6	1.4	1.8	1.6	1.4	1.8
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.0	4.3	6.1	5.0	4.3	6.1
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.1	3.6	4.8	4.1	3.6	4.8
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	30,680	15,125	15,555	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	510	230	280	1.7	1.5	1.8
With total income	30,165	14,895	15,275	98.3	98.5	98.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,905	720	1,190	6.3	4.8	7.8
$10,000 to $19,999	4,350	1,570	2,775	14.4	10.5	18.2
$20,000 to $29,999	5,935	2,490	3,445	19.7	16.7	22.6
$30,000 to $39,999	4,385	2,130	2,260	14.5	14.3	14.8
$40,000 to $49,999	3,740	1,895	1,840	12.4	12.7	12.0
$50,000 to $59,999	2,695	1,450	1,240	8.9	9.7	8.1
$60,000 to $69,999	1,820	1,045	775	6.0	7.0	5.1
$70,000 to $79,999	1,365	825	545	4.5	5.5	3.6
$80,000 to $89,999	1,200	770	430	4.0	5.2	2.8
$90,000 to $99,999	825	570	255	2.7	3.8	1.7
$100,000 and over	1,945	1,435	510	6.4	9.6	3.3
$100,000 to $149,999	1,550	1,150	400	5.1	7.7	2.6
$150,000 and over	400	290	115	1.3	1.9	0.8
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	30,680	15,125	15,555	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	510	230	280	1.7	1.5	1.8
With after-tax income	30,170	14,895	15,275	98.3	98.5	98.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,080	750	1,325	6.9	5.0	8.7
$10,000 to $19,999	4,525	1,665	2,855	15.0	11.2	18.7
$20,000 to $29,999	6,805	2,895	3,905	22.6	19.4	25.6
$30,000 to $39,999	5,390	2,725	2,660	17.9	18.3	17.4
$40,000 to $49,999	4,055	2,190	1,870	13.4	14.7	12.2
$50,000 to $59,999	2,505	1,455	1,050	8.3	9.8	6.9
$60,000 to $69,999	1,825	1,130	700	6.0	7.6	4.6
$70,000 to $79,999	1,270	850	420	4.2	5.7	2.7
$80,000 to $89,999	695	495	195	2.3	3.3	1.3
$90,000 to $99,999	425	325	105	1.4	2.2	0.7
$100,000 and over	590	420	175	2.0	2.8	1.1
$100,000 to $124,999	355	245	105	1.2	1.6	0.7
$125,000 and over	240	175	65	0.8	1.2	0.4
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	30,680	15,125	15,555	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	12,415	5,390	7,025	40.5	35.6	45.2
With employment income	18,260	9,735	8,525	59.5	64.4	54.8
Under $5,000 (including loss)	2,690	1,510	1,185	14.7	15.5	13.9
$5,000 to $9,999	1,400	615	785	7.7	6.3	9.2
$10,000 to $19,999	2,250	945	1,310	12.3	9.7	15.4
$20,000 to $29,999	1,915	810	1,105	10.5	8.3	13.0
$30,000 to $39,999	1,855	860	1,000	10.2	8.8	11.7
$40,000 to $49,999	1,740	850	890	9.5	8.7	10.4
$50,000 to $59,999	1,405	775	630	7.7	8.0	7.4
$60,000 to $69,999	1,070	610	460	5.9	6.3	5.4
$70,000 to $79,999	890	555	335	4.9	5.7	3.9
$80,000 to $89,999	910	600	310	5.0	6.2	3.6
$90,000 to $99,999	615	455	160	3.4	4.7	1.9
$100,000 and over	1,520	1,155	365	8.3	11.9	4.3
$100,000 to $124,999	875	665	210	4.8	6.8	2.5
$125,000 and over	645	485	155	3.5	5.0	1.8
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	30,675	15,125	15,550	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	29,850	14,725	15,125	97.3	97.4	97.3
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	33,600	41,200	27,000	33,600	41,200	27,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	29,870	14,725	15,145	97.4	97.4	97.4
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	30,600	36,400	25,400	30,600	36,400	25,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	25,425	13,050	12,375	82.9	86.3	79.6
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	29,800	37,200	24,000	29,800	37,200	24,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	18,455	9,835	8,625	60.2	65.0	55.5
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,400	42,000	28,600	34,400	42,000	28,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	24,000	11,155	12,845	78.2	73.8	82.6
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,900	10,500	11,000	10,900	10,500	11,000
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	2,935	1,650	1,285	9.6	10.9	8.3
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,600	4,800	4,280	4,600	4,800	4,280
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	30,710	15,165	15,540	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	29,890	14,765	15,125	97.3	97.4	97.3
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	43,360	52,150	34,800	43,360	52,150	34,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	29,910	14,765	15,140	97.4	97.4	97.4
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,160	42,240	30,200	36,160	42,240	30,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	25,370	13,065	12,305	82.6	86.2	79.2
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,680	49,800	31,000	40,680	49,800	31,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	18,470	9,785	8,690	60.1	64.5	55.9
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	43,920	52,150	34,640	43,920	52,150	34,640
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	23,815	11,010	12,800	77.5	72.6	82.4
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	11,110	10,860	11,330	11,110	10,860	11,330
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,960	1,660	1,295	9.6	10.9	8.3
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,135	5,790	6,570	6,135	5,790	6,570
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	30,710	15,170	15,540	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	8,645	4,790	3,855	28.2	31.6	24.8
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	54,000	65,000	44,000	54,000	65,000	44,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	63,150	73,600	50,160	63,150	73,600	50,160
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	6,750	3,260	3,490	22.0	21.5	22.5
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	22,200	28,400	19,200	22,200	28,400	19,200
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	32,040	39,680	24,840	32,040	39,680	24,840
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	79.6	84.4	72.4	79.6	84.4	72.4
Employment income (%)	62.6	66.2	57.2	62.6	66.2	57.2
Government transfers (%)	20.4	15.5	27.6	20.4	15.5	27.6
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.4	1.3	1.6	1.4	1.3	1.6
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	17,890	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	60,000	...	...	60,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	53,600	...	...	53,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	7,155	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	32,800	...	...	32,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	30,200	...	...	30,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	10,730	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	84,000	...	...	84,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	73,500	...	...	73,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	17,900	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	76,300	...	...	76,300	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	63,750	...	...	63,750	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	7,165	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	41,920	...	...	41,920	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	35,720	...	...	35,720	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	10,730	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	99,200	...	...	99,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	82,500	...	...	82,500	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	17,890	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	85	...	...	0.5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	130	...	...	0.7	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	340	...	...	1.9	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	585	...	...	3.3	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,555	...	...	8.7	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	910	...	...	5.1	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	845	...	...	4.7	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	960	...	...	5.4	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,010	...	...	5.6	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	935	...	...	5.2	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,585	...	...	8.9	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,350	...	...	7.5	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,200	...	...	6.7	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,070	...	...	6.0	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	870	...	...	4.9	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,455	...	...	24.9	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,555	...	...	8.7	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,095	...	...	6.1	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,165	...	...	6.5	...	...
$200,000 and over	645	...	...	3.6	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	17,890	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	100	...	...	0.6	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	130	...	...	0.7	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	355	...	...	2.0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	615	...	...	3.4	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,630	...	...	9.1	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,100	...	...	6.1	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	990	...	...	5.5	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,185	...	...	6.6	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,140	...	...	6.4	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,055	...	...	5.9	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,810	...	...	10.1	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,610	...	...	9.0	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,320	...	...	7.4	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	990	...	...	5.5	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	815	...	...	4.6	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,050	...	...	17.0	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,410	...	...	7.9	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	855	...	...	4.8	...	...
$150,000 and over	785	...	...	4.4	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	10,345	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	84,000	...	...	84,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	73,500	...	...	73,500	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	5,475	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	74,000	...	...	74,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	65,500	...	...	65,500	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	2,895	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	131,000	...	...	131,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	109,000	...	...	109,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.8	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,680	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	62,000	...	...	62,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	56,400	...	...	56,400	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.5	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	8,140	4,030	4,110	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	32,400	36,000	29,000	32,400	36,000	29,000
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	29,600	32,400	27,800	29,600	32,400	27,800
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	10,310	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	99,900	...	...	99,900	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	82,900	...	...	82,900	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	5,460	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	87,200	...	...	87,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	72,500	...	...	72,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,945	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	142,000	...	...	142,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	115,200	...	...	115,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,645	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	68,600	...	...	68,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	60,350	...	...	60,350	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	8,210	4,150	4,060	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	40,800	44,720	36,840	40,800	44,720	36,840
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	34,920	37,320	32,440	34,920	37,320	32,440
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	35,210	17,485	17,720	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	5,405	2,835	2,570	15.4	16.2	14.5
0 to 5 years	1,675	860	815	4.8	4.9	4.6
18 to 64 years	19,530	9,800	9,730	55.5	56.0	54.9
65 years and over	10,265	4,845	5,420	29.2	27.7	30.6
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	5,435	2,485	2,950	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	635	355	285	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	220	125	100	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	2,590	1,300	1,285	...	...	...
65 years and over	2,215	825	1,380	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	15.4	14.2	16.7	15.4	14.2	16.7
0 to 17 years (%)	11.8	12.4	11.1	11.8	12.4	11.1
0 to 5 years (%)	13.3	14.6	12.0	13.3	14.6	12.0
18 to 64 years (%)	13.2	13.3	13.2	13.2	13.3	13.2
65 years and over (%)	21.5	17.1	25.5	21.5	17.1	25.5
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	35,205	17,490	17,720	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	5,405	2,840	2,570	15.4	16.2	14.5
0 to 5 years	1,675	860	815	4.8	4.9	4.6
18 to 64 years	19,535	9,805	9,730	55.5	56.1	54.9
65 years and over	10,270	4,850	5,425	29.2	27.7	30.6
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	1,715	905	810	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	170	100	65	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	60	35	25	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	1,390	745	650	...	...	...
65 years and over	155	60	95	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	4.9	5.2	4.6	4.9	5.2	4.6
0 to 17 years (%)	3.1	3.6	2.6	3.1	3.6	2.6
0 to 5 years (%)	3.4	4.0	2.8	3.4	4.0	2.8
18 to 64 years (%)	7.1	7.6	6.6	7.1	7.6	6.6
65 years and over (%)	1.5	1.2	1.8	1.5	1.2	1.8
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	35,210	17,490	17,720	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	21,865	10,560	11,310	62.1	60.4	63.8
In bottom decile	4,515	2,095	2,425	12.8	12.0	13.7
In second decile	4,910	2,270	2,645	13.9	13.0	14.9
In third decile	4,555	2,195	2,360	12.9	12.6	13.3
In fourth decile	4,155	2,090	2,065	11.8	11.9	11.7
In fifth decile	3,730	1,910	1,820	10.6	10.9	10.3
In top half of the distribution	13,340	6,930	6,410	37.9	39.6	36.2
In sixth decile	3,475	1,780	1,695	9.9	10.2	9.6
In seventh decile	3,330	1,705	1,630	9.5	9.7	9.2
In eighth decile	2,840	1,485	1,355	8.1	8.5	7.6
In ninth decile	2,280	1,205	1,075	6.5	6.9	6.1
In top decile	1,415	755	665	4.0	4.3	3.8
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	35,205	...	...	35,205	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.312	...	...	0.312	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.475	...	...	0.475	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.268	...	...	0.268	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.4	...	...	3.4	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	36,020	17,700	18,325	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	100	50	50	0.3	0.3	0.3
French only	25,680	11,845	13,840	71.3	66.9	75.5
English and French	10,200	5,790	4,415	28.3	32.7	24.1
Neither English nor French	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	36,020	17,700	18,325	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	450	240	210	1.2	1.4	1.1
French	35,405	17,375	18,025	98.3	98.2	98.4
English and French	140	70	65	0.4	0.4	0.4
Neither English nor French	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	36,020	17,700	18,325	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	35,655	17,500	18,150	99.0	98.9	99.0
Official languages	35,070	17,200	17,870	97.4	97.2	97.5
English	380	195	180	1.1	1.1	1.0
French	34,695	17,005	17,685	96.3	96.1	96.5
Non-official languages	585	300	285	1.6	1.7	1.6
Indigenous languages³⁹	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	580	300	280	1.6	1.7	1.5
Afro-Asiatic languages	105	65	40	0.3	0.4	0.2
Berber languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kabyle	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	85	50	30	0.2	0.3	0.2
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	85	50	30	0.2	0.3	0.2
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Haitian Creole	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	315	155	160	0.9	0.9	0.9
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	50	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	50	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	15	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
German	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	235	115	120	0.7	0.6	0.7
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	20	15	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Portuguese	30	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	175	75	100	0.5	0.4	0.5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	25	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages	25	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	20	5	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Lao	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Thai	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	365	195	170	1.0	1.1	0.9
English and French	265	135	125	0.7	0.8	0.7
English and non-official language(s)	15	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	70	35	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	15	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	36,020	17,700	18,325	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	175	85	90	0.5	0.5	0.5
French	34,275	16,775	17,505	95.2	94.8	95.5
Non-official language	105	60	50	0.3	0.3	0.3
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	105	60	50	0.3	0.3	0.3
English and French	955	530	420	2.7	3.0	2.3
English and non-official language(s)	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	325	160	160	0.9	0.9	0.9
English, French and non-official language(s)	160	75	85	0.4	0.4	0.5
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	36,020	17,700	18,325	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	35,655	17,515	18,145	99.0	99.0	99.0
Official languages	35,430	17,400	18,030	98.4	98.3	98.4
English	310	150	160	0.9	0.8	0.9
French	35,120	17,255	17,865	97.5	97.5	97.5
Non-official languages	220	110	115	0.6	0.6	0.6
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	220	110	115	0.6	0.6	0.6
Afro-Asiatic languages	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Berber languages	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	25	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	25	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	15	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	120	55	65	0.3	0.3	0.4
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	30	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	30	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	85	35	50	0.2	0.2	0.3
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	80	35	45	0.2	0.2	0.2
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	15	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Lao	15	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	365	185	175	1.0	1.0	1.0
English and French	200	100	100	0.6	0.6	0.5
English and non-official language(s)	10	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	125	70	65	0.3	0.4	0.4
English, French and non-official language(s)	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	36,020	17,700	18,325	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	34,875	17,080	17,790	96.8	96.5	97.1
English	670	385	285	1.9	2.2	1.6
French	210	100	105	0.6	0.6	0.6
Non-official language	155	75	75	0.4	0.4	0.4
Indigenous³⁹	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	155	75	75	0.4	0.4	0.4
English and French	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	75	40	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	35,230	17,470	17,760	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	35,195	17,455	17,745	99.9	99.9	99.9
English	10,255	5,840	4,405	29.1	33.4	24.8
French	35,150	17,440	17,715	99.8	99.8	99.7
Non-official languages	1,485	690	790	4.2	3.9	4.4
Indigenous languages³⁹	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,475	690	785	4.2	3.9	4.4
Afro-Asiatic languages	155	80	70	0.4	0.5	0.4
Berber languages	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	135	70	65	0.4	0.4	0.4
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	130	70	60	0.4	0.4	0.3
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	25	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Merina	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	105	55	55	0.3	0.3	0.3
Haitian Creole	95	55	40	0.3	0.3	0.2
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,015	475	540	2.9	2.7	3.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	70	45	25	0.2	0.3	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	70	45	25	0.2	0.3	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	60	40	25	0.2	0.2	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	30	20	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	75	35	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	75	35	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
German	75	35	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	880	400	480	2.5	2.3	2.7
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	100	45	50	0.3	0.3	0.3
Portuguese	65	30	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Romanian	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Spanish	745	345	400	2.1	2.0	2.3
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	75	35	45	0.2	0.2	0.3
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	50	0	45	0.1	0.0	0.3
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	50	0	40	0.1	0.0	0.2
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	45	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages	45	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	25	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Lao	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	35,230	17,470	17,755	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	490	245	240	1.4	1.4	1.4
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	420	215	205	1.2	1.2	1.2
First Nations (North American Indian)	280	140	145	0.8	0.8	0.8
Métis	110	70	40	0.3	0.4	0.2
Inuk (Inuit)	30	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	50	20	30	0.1	0.1	0.2
Non-Indigenous identity	34,740	17,225	17,515	98.6	98.6	98.6
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	35,230	17,470	17,755	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	135	75	65	0.4	0.4	0.4
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	35,095	17,395	17,695	99.6	99.6	99.7
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	17,900	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	10,600	...	...	59.2	...	...
Renter	7,295	...	...	40.8	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	17,900	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	1,115	...	...	6.2	...	...
Not condominium	16,785	...	...	93.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	17,900	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	55	...	...	0.3	...	...
1 bedroom	2,510	...	...	14.0	...	...
2 bedrooms	6,455	...	...	36.1	...	...
3 bedrooms	6,155	...	...	34.4	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	2,725	...	...	15.2	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	17,900	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	6,285	...	...	35.1	...	...
5 rooms	3,370	...	...	18.8	...	...
6 rooms	2,265	...	...	12.7	...	...
7 rooms	2,060	...	...	11.5	...	...
8 or more rooms	3,915	...	...	21.9	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.8	...	...	5.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	17,900	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	17,885	...	...	99.9	...	...
More than one person per room	15	...	...	0.1	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	17,900	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	17,635	...	...	98.5	...	...
Not suitable	265	...	...	1.5	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	17,900	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	4,910	...	...	27.4	...	...
1961 to 1980	7,200	...	...	40.2	...	...
1981 to 1990	2,210	...	...	12.3	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,105	...	...	6.2	...	...
2001 to 2005	515	...	...	2.9	...	...
2006 to 2010	710	...	...	4.0	...	...
2011 to 2015	670	...	...	3.7	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	575	...	...	3.2	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	17,900	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	16,855	...	...	94.2	...	...
Major repairs needed	1,045	...	...	5.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	17,900	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	11,295	...	...	63.1	...	...
Two-maintainer household	6,405	...	...	35.8	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	200	...	...	1.1	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	17,900	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	430	...	...	2.4	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,760	...	...	9.8	...	...
35 to 44 years	2,470	...	...	13.8	...	...
45 to 54 years	2,415	...	...	13.5	...	...
55 to 64 years	3,960	...	...	22.1	...	...
65 to 74 years	3,975	...	...	22.2	...	...
75 to 84 years	2,245	...	...	12.5	...	...
85 years and over	640	...	...	3.6	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	17,890	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	15,440	...	...	86.3	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	2,450	...	...	13.7	...	...
30% to less than 100%	2,335	...	...	13.1	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	17,900	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	3,490	...	...	19.5	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	2,205	...	...	12.3	...	...
Not suitable only	230	...	...	1.3	...	...
Major repairs needed only	790	...	...	4.4	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	10	...	...	0.1	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	230	...	...	1.3	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	20	...	...	0.1	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	14,405	...	...	80.5	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	17,775	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	690	...	...	3.9	...	...
Not in core need	17,090	...	...	96.1	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	10,600	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	53.9	...	...	53.9	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	6.2	...	...	6.2	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.8	...	...	0.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	775	...	...	775	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	881	...	...	881	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	200,000	...	...	200,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	241,800	...	...	241,800	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	7,300	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	7.3	...	...	7.3	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	24.5	...	...	24.5	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	8.4	...	...	8.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	628	...	...	628	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	665	...	...	665	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	35,225	17,470	17,760	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	405	220	185	1.1	1.3	1.0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	405	220	185	1.1	1.3	1.0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	395	215	185	1.1	1.2	1.0
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	710	310	400	2.0	1.8	2.3
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	705	310	400	2.0	1.8	2.3
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	665	295	365	1.9	1.7	2.1
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	30	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	34,115	16,940	17,170	96.8	97.0	96.7
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	35,225	17,470	17,760	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	34,805	17,285	17,525	98.8	98.9	98.7
Canadian citizens aged under 18	5,390	2,750	2,645	15.3	15.7	14.9
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	29,410	14,535	14,875	83.5	83.2	83.8
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	420	185	230	1.2	1.1	1.3
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	35,225	17,470	17,760	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	34,155	16,945	17,205	97.0	97.0	96.9
Immigrants⁸¹	910	430	480	2.6	2.5	2.7
Before 1980	215	120	95	0.6	0.7	0.5
1980 to 1990	95	50	40	0.3	0.3	0.2
1991 to 2000	115	60	55	0.3	0.3	0.3
2001 to 2010	225	80	145	0.6	0.5	0.8
2011 to 2021⁸²	265	120	145	0.8	0.7	0.8
2011 to 2015	145	65	85	0.4	0.4	0.5
2016 to 2021	120	50	65	0.3	0.3	0.4
Non-permanent residents⁸³	160	95	70	0.5	0.5	0.4
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	905	430	475	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	95	65	25	10.5	15.1	5.3
5 to 14 years	180	80	95	19.9	18.6	20.0
15 to 24 years	180	100	85	19.9	23.3	17.9
25 to 44 years	375	155	215	41.4	36.0	45.3
45 years and over	80	25	55	8.8	5.8	11.6
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	905	430	475	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	235	115	120	26.0	26.7	25.3
Brazil	20	10	10	2.2	2.3	2.1
Colombia	10	0	10	1.1	0.0	2.1
El Salvador	10	0	10	1.1	0.0	2.1
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	60	35	20	6.6	8.1	4.2
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	10	0	10	1.1	0.0	2.1
Peru	20	10	10	2.2	2.3	2.1
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	40	15	30	4.4	3.5	6.3
Other places of birth in Americas	65	35	30	7.2	8.1	6.3
Europe	305	130	170	33.7	30.2	35.8
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	175	80	100	19.3	18.6	21.1
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	10	0	0	1.1	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portugal	10	0	0	1.1	0.0	0.0
Romania	20	0	15	2.2	0.0	3.2
Russian Federation	10	0	10	1.1	0.0	2.1
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	10	0	0	1.1	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	60	30	35	6.6	7.0	7.4
Africa	215	105	105	23.8	24.4	22.1
Algeria	10	10	0	1.1	2.3	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	10	0	0	1.1	0.0	0.0
Egypt	20	10	0	2.2	2.3	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	20	10	10	2.2	2.3	2.1
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	155	75	85	17.1	17.4	17.9
Asia	150	70	75	16.6	16.3	15.8
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	45	30	15	5.0	7.0	3.2
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	25	10	15	2.8	2.3	3.2
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	15	0	10	1.7	0.0	2.1
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	35	15	25	3.9	3.5	5.3
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	125	55	65	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	25	20	0	20.0	36.4	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	30	0	25	24.0	0.0	38.5
France	25	0	20	20.0	0.0	30.8
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	45	20	25	36.0	36.4	38.5
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	25	15	15	20.0	27.3	23.1
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	0	0	8.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	25	10	15	20.0	18.2	23.1
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	35,230	17,470	17,755	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	1,170	565	595	3.3	3.2	3.4
Second generation¹⁰¹	1,145	615	530	3.3	3.5	3.0
Third generation or more¹⁰²	32,915	16,290	16,630	93.4	93.2	93.7
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	695	310	385	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	315	180	135	45.3	58.1	35.1
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	130	90	45	18.7	29.0	11.7
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	180	85	95	25.9	27.4	24.7
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	275	95	180	39.6	30.6	46.8
Refugees¹⁰⁸	90	40	50	12.9	12.9	13.0
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	15	0	15	2.2	0.0	3.9
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	695	310	385	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	70	30	35	10.1	9.7	9.1
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	50	20	30	7.2	6.5	7.8
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	15	0	15	2.2	0.0	3.9
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	30	10	25	4.3	3.2	6.5
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	15	0	10	2.2	0.0	2.6
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	515	250	265	74.1	80.6	68.8
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	35,230	17,470	17,755	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	870	425	445	2.5	2.4	2.5
South Asian	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Chinese	60	15	40	0.2	0.1	0.2
Black	440	230	210	1.2	1.3	1.2
Filipino	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arab	80	40	45	0.2	0.2	0.3
Latin American	135	60	80	0.4	0.3	0.5
Southeast Asian	50	30	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
West Asian	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple visible minorities	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	34,360	17,050	17,310	97.5	97.6	97.5
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	35,230	17,470	17,760	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	15,515	7,600	7,925	44.0	43.5	44.6
English	295	160	135	0.8	0.9	0.8
Irish	955	480	475	2.7	2.7	2.7
Scottish	310	140	170	0.9	0.8	1.0
French, n.o.s.¹²²	7,540	3,755	3,780	21.4	21.5	21.3
German	415	210	210	1.2	1.2	1.2
Chinese	60	15	45	0.2	0.1	0.3
Italian	475	225	255	1.3	1.3	1.4
Indian (India)	80	55	25	0.2	0.3	0.1
Ukrainian	50	15	30	0.1	0.1	0.2
Dutch	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Polish	40	10	30	0.1	0.1	0.2
Québécois	5,700	2,840	2,860	16.2	16.3	16.1
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	30	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Filipino	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French Canadian	3,465	1,735	1,730	9.8	9.9	9.7
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	800	430	370	2.3	2.5	2.1
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	410	205	205	1.2	1.2	1.2
Métis	40	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	370	200	175	1.1	1.1	1.0
Russian	55	20	30	0.2	0.1	0.2
Norwegian	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	90	35	55	0.3	0.2	0.3
American	185	105	85	0.5	0.6	0.5
Spanish	205	85	115	0.6	0.5	0.6
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Acadian	200	110	90	0.6	0.6	0.5
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	45	15	30	0.1	0.1	0.2
Jewish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	25	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	30	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Jamaican	20	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Lebanese	90	55	35	0.3	0.3	0.2
Iranian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	405	230	170	1.1	1.3	1.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	130	60	70	0.4	0.3	0.4
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Belgian	190	80	115	0.5	0.5	0.6
Haitian	175	105	70	0.5	0.6	0.4
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	40	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mennonite	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	50	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Japanese	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	50	10	35	0.1	0.1	0.2
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	30	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	45	10	35	0.1	0.1	0.2
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombian	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Moroccan	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	30	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Brazilian	15	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	75	30	50	0.2	0.2	0.3
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	30	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Congolese	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	30	10	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
New Brunswicker	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Cuban	50	35	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	75	15	60	0.2	0.1	0.3
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	35	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	155	85	70	0.4	0.5	0.4
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	85	50	40	0.2	0.3	0.2
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	35	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	40	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Norman	50	10	35	0.1	0.1	0.2
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	35	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	15	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	45	30	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	40	25	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	35,230	17,470	17,755	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	55	15	40	0.2	0.1	0.2
Christian	26,470	12,830	13,645	75.1	73.4	76.9
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	1,265	630	640	3.6	3.6	3.6
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	40	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baptist	50	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Catholic	24,735	11,995	12,745	70.2	68.7	71.8
Christian Orthodox	100	40	60	0.3	0.2	0.3
Jehovah's Witness	80	30	50	0.2	0.2	0.3
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lutheran	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	55	25	25	0.2	0.1	0.1
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	120	65	55	0.3	0.4	0.3
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	150	65	75	0.4	0.4	0.4
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	40	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
No religion and secular perspectives	8,500	4,535	3,970	24.1	26.0	22.4
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	34,995	17,370	17,630	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	31,270	15,585	15,685	89.4	89.7	89.0
Movers	3,725	1,785	1,945	10.6	10.3	11.0
Non-migrants	2,210	1,050	1,155	6.3	6.0	6.6
Migrants	1,520	730	790	4.3	4.2	4.5
Internal migrants	1,475	695	780	4.2	4.0	4.4
Intraprovincial migrants	1,445	690	755	4.1	4.0	4.3
Interprovincial migrants	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
External migrants	45	35	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	33,950	16,860	17,090	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	22,070	10,935	11,140	65.0	64.9	65.2
Movers	11,880	5,930	5,950	35.0	35.2	34.8
Non-migrants	5,515	2,800	2,710	16.2	16.6	15.9
Migrants	6,365	3,130	3,240	18.7	18.6	19.0
Internal migrants	6,135	2,995	3,135	18.1	17.8	18.3
Intraprovincial migrants	6,055	2,950	3,110	17.8	17.5	18.2
Interprovincial migrants	75	45	30	0.2	0.3	0.2
External migrants	235	130	105	0.7	0.8	0.6
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	30,710	15,170	15,540	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	8,045	4,350	3,695	26.2	28.7	23.8
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	22,670	10,820	11,845	73.8	71.3	76.2
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	17,445	8,750	8,695	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	3,425	2,055	1,370	19.6	23.5	15.8
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	14,015	6,695	7,325	80.3	76.5	84.2
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	30,710	15,170	15,545	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	7,235	3,755	3,485	23.6	24.8	22.4
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	7,345	3,405	3,940	23.9	22.4	25.3
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	16,125	8,010	8,120	52.5	52.8	52.2
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	12,830	6,550	6,285	41.8	43.2	40.4
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	6,200	3,790	2,415	20.2	25.0	15.5
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	4,610	2,565	2,045	15.0	16.9	13.2
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	1,590	1,230	365	5.2	8.1	2.3
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	5,545	2,365	3,180	18.1	15.6	20.5
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,085	390	690	3.5	2.6	4.4
Bachelor's degree or higher	3,295	1,460	1,835	10.7	9.6	11.8
Bachelor's degree	2,370	1,000	1,370	7.7	6.6	8.8
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	315	120	195	1.0	0.8	1.3
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	85	45	40	0.3	0.3	0.3
Master's degree	465	240	225	1.5	1.6	1.4
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	65	55	10	0.2	0.4	0.1
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	17,440	8,750	8,690	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,950	1,745	1,200	16.9	19.9	13.8
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	3,355	1,745	1,615	19.2	19.9	18.6
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	11,140	5,260	5,875	63.9	60.1	67.6
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	8,800	4,320	4,485	50.5	49.4	51.6
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	4,430	2,525	1,910	25.4	28.9	22.0
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	3,360	1,730	1,625	19.3	19.8	18.7
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	1,070	790	285	6.1	9.0	3.3
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	3,750	1,595	2,155	21.5	18.2	24.8
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	625	205	415	3.6	2.3	4.8
Bachelor's degree or higher	2,335	940	1,395	13.4	10.7	16.1
Bachelor's degree	1,670	645	1,030	9.6	7.4	11.9
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	200	55	145	1.1	0.6	1.7
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	65	30	40	0.4	0.3	0.5
Master's degree	360	185	175	2.1	2.1	2.0
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	40	30	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	30,710	15,170	15,545	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	14,580	7,160	7,425	47.5	47.2	47.8
Education	1,225	270	960	4.0	1.8	6.2
13. Education	1,225	270	960	4.0	1.8	6.2
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	365	145	225	1.2	1.0	1.4
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	70	45	30	0.2	0.3	0.2
50. Visual and performing arts	300	100	195	1.0	0.7	1.3
Humanities	655	240	420	2.1	1.6	2.7
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	35	10	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
23. English language and literature/letters	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	455	155	300	1.5	1.0	1.9
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	20	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
54. History	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	65	20	45	0.2	0.1	0.3
Social and behavioural sciences and law	960	250	710	3.1	1.6	4.6
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	75	30	40	0.2	0.2	0.3
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	305	0	300	1.0	0.0	1.9
22. Legal professions and studies	145	55	100	0.5	0.4	0.6
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	65	30	40	0.2	0.2	0.3
42. Psychology	180	35	145	0.6	0.2	0.9
45. Social sciences	185	100	90	0.6	0.7	0.6
Business, management and public administration	3,320	895	2,420	10.8	5.9	15.6
30.16 Accounting and computer science	15	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	155	30	125	0.5	0.2	0.8
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,145	860	2,290	10.2	5.7	14.7
Physical and life sciences and technologies	515	340	170	1.7	2.2	1.1
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	65	15	45	0.2	0.1	0.3
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	55	40	20	0.2	0.3	0.1
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	70	30	40	0.2	0.2	0.3
40. Physical sciences	230	175	55	0.7	1.2	0.4
41. Science technologies/technicians	90	80	10	0.3	0.5	0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	360	235	130	1.2	1.5	0.8
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	300	205	95	1.0	1.4	0.6
25. Library science	25	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	35	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	4,750	4,460	295	15.5	29.4	1.9
04. Architecture and related services	50	25	20	0.2	0.2	0.1
14. Engineering	410	375	35	1.3	2.5	0.2
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	1,115	1,025	85	3.6	6.8	0.5
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	945	900	50	3.1	5.9	0.3
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,070	1,035	40	3.5	6.8	0.3
48. Precision production	1,160	1,095	60	3.8	7.2	0.4
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	210	110	100	0.7	0.7	0.6
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	170	80	95	0.6	0.5	0.6
03. Natural resources and conservation	40	30	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Health and related fields	2,415	395	2,015	7.9	2.6	13.0
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	100	50	50	0.3	0.3	0.3
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	2,290	320	1,970	7.5	2.1	12.7
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	25	25	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,340	665	675	4.4	4.4	4.3
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	720	175	545	2.3	1.2	3.5
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	320	250	75	1.0	1.6	0.5
49. Transportation and materials moving	290	240	55	0.9	1.6	0.4
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	17,445	8,750	8,690	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	6,300	3,490	2,815	36.1	39.9	32.4
Education	725	130	595	4.2	1.5	6.8
13. Education	725	130	595	4.2	1.5	6.8
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	315	120	195	1.8	1.4	2.2
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	60	40	15	0.3	0.5	0.2
50. Visual and performing arts	265	85	180	1.5	1.0	2.1
Humanities	405	125	280	2.3	1.4	3.2
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	285	95	195	1.6	1.1	2.2
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
54. History	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	50	15	35	0.3	0.2	0.4
Social and behavioural sciences and law	715	165	550	4.1	1.9	6.3
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	40	15	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	270	0	265	1.5	0.0	3.0
22. Legal professions and studies	100	30	70	0.6	0.3	0.8
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
42. Psychology	145	25	110	0.8	0.3	1.3
45. Social sciences	130	70	55	0.7	0.8	0.6
Business, management and public administration	2,260	565	1,705	13.0	6.5	19.6
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	135	25	105	0.8	0.3	1.2
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,120	535	1,595	12.2	6.1	18.4
Physical and life sciences and technologies	335	225	110	1.9	2.6	1.3
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	50	10	40	0.3	0.1	0.5
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	35	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	170	115	50	1.0	1.3	0.6
41. Science technologies/technicians	75	70	0	0.4	0.8	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	285	190	95	1.6	2.2	1.1
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	250	180	65	1.4	2.1	0.7
25. Library science	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	3,195	2,930	265	18.3	33.5	3.0
04. Architecture and related services	35	25	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
14. Engineering	305	270	35	1.7	3.1	0.4
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	765	690	75	4.4	7.9	0.9
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	595	550	50	3.4	6.3	0.6
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	780	750	30	4.5	8.6	0.3
48. Precision production	705	650	55	4.0	7.4	0.6
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	165	90	75	0.9	1.0	0.9
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	130	60	70	0.7	0.7	0.8
03. Natural resources and conservation	30	25	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Health and related fields	1,715	250	1,460	9.8	2.9	16.8
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	70	25	50	0.4	0.3	0.6
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,625	210	1,415	9.3	2.4	16.3
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,025	475	545	5.9	5.4	6.3
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	545	105	440	3.1	1.2	5.1
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	240	180	60	1.4	2.1	0.7
49. Transportation and materials moving	235	190	45	1.3	2.2	0.5
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	17,445	8,750	8,690	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,300	3,490	2,815	36.1	39.9	32.4
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	11,140	5,260	5,880	63.9	60.1	67.7
Location of study inside Canada	10,870	5,150	5,720	62.3	58.9	65.8
Same as province or territory of residence	10,815	5,135	5,685	62.0	58.7	65.4
Different than province or territory of residence	50	15	35	0.3	0.2	0.4
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	270	110	160	1.5	1.3	1.8
Americas	60	20	40	0.3	0.2	0.5
United States of America	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Europe	130	60	70	0.7	0.7	0.8
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	75	35	40	0.4	0.4	0.5
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Russian Federation	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Ukraine	25	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	55	25	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	35	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Asia	30	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.2
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	30,710	15,170	15,545	...	...	...
In the labour force	16,175	8,395	7,780	...	...	...
Employed	14,890	7,690	7,200	...	...	...
Unemployed	1,285	705	580	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	14,535	6,770	7,760	...	...	...
Participation rate	52.7	55.3	50.0	52.7	55.3	50.0
Employment rate	48.5	50.7	46.3	48.5	50.7	46.3
Unemployment rate	7.9	8.4	7.5	7.9	8.4	7.5
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	30,710	15,170	15,545	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	14,485	6,655	7,830	47.2	43.9	50.4
Worked	16,230	8,515	7,715	52.8	56.1	49.6
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	8,860	4,925	3,940	28.9	32.5	25.3
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	7,365	3,590	3,770	24.0	23.7	24.3
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.0	42.2	41.8	42.0	42.2	41.8
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	16,180	8,395	7,785	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	480	240	235	3.0	2.9	3.0
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	15,700	8,150	7,550	97.0	97.1	97.0
Employee	14,240	7,330	6,905	88.0	87.3	88.7
Permanent position	12,190	6,345	5,840	75.3	75.6	75.0
Temporary position	2,055	985	1,070	12.7	11.7	13.7
Fixed term (1 year or more)	605	285	320	3.7	3.4	4.1
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	1,450	705	750	9.0	8.4	9.6
Self-employed¹⁹²	1,460	820	640	9.0	9.8	8.2
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	16,180	8,395	7,785	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	480	240	235	3.0	2.9	3.0
All occupations¹⁹¹	15,700	8,150	7,550	97.0	97.1	97.0
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	250	190	60	1.5	2.3	0.8
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,060	590	1,475	12.7	7.0	18.9
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	820	685	130	5.1	8.2	1.7
3 Health occupations	1,630	195	1,435	10.1	2.3	18.4
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,815	390	1,425	11.2	4.6	18.3
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	285	105	180	1.8	1.3	2.3
6 Sales and service occupations	4,055	1,675	2,375	25.1	20.0	30.5
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	3,295	3,040	255	20.4	36.2	3.3
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	225	205	20	1.4	2.4	0.3
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,260	1,075	180	7.8	12.8	2.3
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	16,180	8,395	7,785	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	480	240	235	3.0	2.9	3.0
All industries¹⁹¹	15,700	8,150	7,550	97.0	97.1	97.0
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	105	75	25	0.6	0.9	0.3
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	180	140	35	1.1	1.7	0.4
22 Utilities	150	110	45	0.9	1.3	0.6
23 Construction	1,035	865	170	6.4	10.3	2.2
31-33 Manufacturing	2,850	2,435	415	17.6	29.0	5.3
41 Wholesale trade	495	360	140	3.1	4.3	1.8
44-45 Retail trade	2,045	930	1,110	12.6	11.1	14.3
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	640	510	125	4.0	6.1	1.6
51 Information and cultural industries	140	95	45	0.9	1.1	0.6
52 Finance and insurance	460	130	330	2.8	1.5	4.2
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	145	85	60	0.9	1.0	0.8
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	590	300	295	3.6	3.6	3.8
55 Management of companies and enterprises	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	610	370	245	3.8	4.4	3.1
61 Educational services	990	215	775	6.1	2.6	10.0
62 Health care and social assistance	2,835	470	2,370	17.5	5.6	30.4
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	160	60	100	1.0	0.7	1.3
72 Accommodation and food services	895	335	565	5.5	4.0	7.3
81 Other services (except public administration)	740	310	430	4.6	3.7	5.5
91 Public administration	620	360	265	3.8	4.3	3.4
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	17,205	8,970	8,235	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	115	75	40	0.7	0.8	0.5
French	15,535	7,920	7,615	90.3	88.3	92.5
Non-official language	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
English and French	1,470	940	535	8.5	10.5	6.5
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	45	20	25	0.3	0.2	0.3
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	17,205	8,970	8,235	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	17,015	8,860	8,155	98.9	98.8	99.0
Official languages	17,005	8,855	8,150	98.8	98.7	99.0
English	260	170	95	1.5	1.9	1.2
French	16,745	8,690	8,055	97.3	96.9	97.8
Non-official languages	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	185	105	80	1.1	1.2	1.0
English and French	180	100	80	1.0	1.1	1.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	17,205	8,970	8,235	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	15,840	8,095	7,740	92.1	90.2	94.0
English	1,155	755	405	6.7	8.4	4.9
French	150	90	55	0.9	1.0	0.7
Non-official language	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	35	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	14,890	7,690	7,200	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	1,570	745	825	10.5	9.7	11.5
Worked outside Canada	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
No fixed workplace address	1,260	885	370	8.5	11.5	5.1
Usual place of work	12,045	6,045	6,000	80.9	78.6	83.3
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	12,045	6,045	6,000	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	7,520	3,290	4,230	62.4	54.4	70.5
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,600	865	740	13.3	14.3	12.3
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	2,910	1,880	1,035	24.2	31.1	17.3
Commute to a different province or territory	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	13,305	6,935	6,375	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	11,980	6,270	5,715	90.0	90.4	89.6
Car, truck or van - as a driver	11,430	5,995	5,435	85.9	86.4	85.3
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	550	270	275	4.1	3.9	4.3
Public transit	150	70	75	1.1	1.0	1.2
Walked	810	375	435	6.1	5.4	6.8
Bicycle	150	110	35	1.1	1.6	0.5
Other method	215	105	105	1.6	1.5	1.6
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	13,305	6,935	6,375	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	7,850	3,710	4,140	59.0	53.5	64.9
15 to 29 minutes	2,820	1,485	1,335	21.2	21.4	20.9
30 to 44 minutes	775	490	280	5.8	7.1	4.4
45 to 59 minutes	1,050	715	340	7.9	10.3	5.3
60 minutes and over	815	535	280	6.1	7.7	4.4
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	13,305	6,935	6,375	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	910	670	235	6.8	9.7	3.7
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	2,495	1,705	790	18.8	24.6	12.4
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	4,290	2,255	2,035	32.2	32.5	31.9
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	2,500	915	1,590	18.8	13.2	24.9
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,175	350	820	8.8	5.0	12.9
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,935	1,035	905	14.5	14.9	14.2
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	5,515	2,895	2,615	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	350	190	160	6.3	6.6	6.1
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	5,160	2,705	2,455	93.6	93.4	93.9
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	4,080	2,160	1,910	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	260	140	125	6.4	6.5	6.5
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	190	105	85	4.7	4.9	4.5
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	70	30	35	1.7	1.4	1.8
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	3,815	2,030	1,790	93.5	94.0	93.7

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
^r
revised

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 18, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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