Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	ShawiniganMore information: Quebec [Population centre]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	38,930	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	38,695^r	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	0.6	...	...	0.6	...	...
Total private dwellings²	21,798	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	20,127	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,225.4	...	...	1,225.4	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	31.77	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	38,925	18,705	20,220	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	4,710	2,395	2,310	12.1	12.8	11.4
0 to 4 years	1,530	800	730	3.9	4.3	3.6
5 to 9 years	1,630	815	815	4.2	4.4	4.0
10 to 14 years	1,545	780	765	4.0	4.2	3.8
15 to 64 years	21,710	10,855	10,860	55.8	58.0	53.7
15 to 19 years	1,460	750	715	3.8	4.0	3.5
20 to 24 years	1,610	825	785	4.1	4.4	3.9
25 to 29 years	1,850	960	885	4.8	5.1	4.4
30 to 34 years	1,890	955	930	4.9	5.1	4.6
35 to 39 years	1,990	990	1,000	5.1	5.3	4.9
40 to 44 years	2,040	1,055	985	5.2	5.6	4.9
45 to 49 years	1,785	900	890	4.6	4.8	4.4
50 to 54 years	2,030	990	1,040	5.2	5.3	5.1
55 to 59 years	3,070	1,515	1,560	7.9	8.1	7.7
60 to 64 years	3,985	1,915	2,070	10.2	10.2	10.2
65 years and over	12,510	5,460	7,050	32.1	29.2	34.9
65 to 69 years	3,685	1,805	1,885	9.5	9.6	9.3
70 to 74 years	3,055	1,395	1,660	7.8	7.5	8.2
75 to 79 years	2,290	1,060	1,225	5.9	5.7	6.1
80 to 84 years	1,540	620	925	4.0	3.3	4.6
85 years and over	1,940	575	1,360	5.0	3.1	6.7
85 to 89 years	1,120	380	740	2.9	2.0	3.7
90 to 94 years	630	160	470	1.6	0.9	2.3
95 to 99 years	175	30	145	0.4	0.2	0.7
100 years and over	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	12.1	12.8	11.4	12.1	12.8	11.4
15 to 64 years	55.8	58.0	53.7	55.8	58.0	53.7
65 years and over	32.1	29.2	34.9	32.1	29.2	34.9
85 years and over	5.0	3.1	6.7	5.0	3.1	6.7
Average age of the population	49.7	48.0	51.4	49.7	48.0	51.4
Median age of the population	55.2	52.8	57.2	55.2	52.8	57.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	20,125	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	8,475	...	...	42.1	...	...
Semi-detached house	565	...	...	2.8	...	...
Row house	185	...	...	0.9	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	2,240	...	...	11.1	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	8,330	...	...	41.4	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	10	...	...	0.0	...	...
Other single-attached house	275	...	...	1.4	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	40	...	...	0.2	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	20,130	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	9,455	...	...	47.0	...	...
2 persons	7,100	...	...	35.3	...	...
3 persons	1,775	...	...	8.8	...	...
4 persons	1,160	...	...	5.8	...	...
5 or more persons	635	...	...	3.2	...	...
Number of persons in private households	37,110	18,165	18,950	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	34,220	16,310	17,910	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	16,810	8,385	8,425	49.1	51.4	47.0
Married	9,000	4,480	4,525	26.3	27.5	25.3
Living common-law	7,815	3,905	3,905	22.8	23.9	21.8
Living common law - Never married	5,905	2,955	2,950	17.3	18.1	16.5
Living common law - Separated	90	55	30	0.3	0.3	0.2
Living common law - Divorced	1,590	800	795	4.6	4.9	4.4
Living common law - Widowed	230	100	130	0.7	0.6	0.7
Not married and not living common-law	17,405	7,925	9,480	50.9	48.6	52.9
Not married and not living common law - Never married	10,615	5,695	4,925	31.0	34.9	27.5
Not married and not living common law - Separated	470	210	260	1.4	1.3	1.5
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	3,395	1,355	2,040	9.9	8.3	11.4
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	2,930	665	2,260	8.6	4.1	12.6
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	10,070	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	6,780	...	...	67.3	...	...
3 persons	1,640	...	...	16.3	...	...
4 persons	1,125	...	...	11.2	...	...
5 or more persons	520	...	...	5.2	...	...
Average size of census families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.7	...	...	1.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	10,070	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	8,190	...	...	81.3	...	...
Married couples	4,285	...	...	42.6	...	...
With children⁶	970	...	...	9.6	...	...
Without children	3,315	...	...	32.9	...	...
Common-law couples	3,905	...	...	38.8	...	...
With children⁶	1,670	...	...	16.6	...	...
Without children	2,240	...	...	22.2	...	...
Total one-parent families	1,875	...	...	18.6	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	1,385	...	...	13.8	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	495	...	...	4.9	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	37,110	18,165	18,950	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	25,785	12,710	13,080	69.5	70.0	69.0
Married spouses or common-law partners	16,380	8,180	8,205	44.1	45.0	43.3
Parents in one-parent families	1,880	490	1,385	5.1	2.7	7.3
Children⁶	7,525	4,040	3,485	20.3	22.2	18.4
In a two-parent family	4,800	2,520	2,285	12.9	13.9	12.1
In a one-parent family	2,725	1,515	1,205	7.3	8.3	6.4
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	11,325	5,455	5,865	30.5	30.0	30.9
Living alone	9,455	4,435	5,020	25.5	24.4	26.5
Living with other relatives⁷	680	310	370	1.8	1.7	2.0
Living with non-relatives only	1,190	710	480	3.2	3.9	2.5
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	20,130	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	9,645	...	...	47.9	...	...
Couple-family households	7,930	...	...	39.4	...	...
With children⁶	2,525	...	...	12.5	...	...
Without children	5,405	...	...	26.9	...	...
One-parent-family households	1,715	...	...	8.5	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	110	...	...	0.5	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	10	...	...	0.0	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	255	...	...	1.3	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	645	...	...	3.2	...	...
One-person households	9,455	...	...	47.0	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	32,400	15,765	16,635	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	31,920	15,540	16,380	98.5	98.6	98.5
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,000	38,800	30,000	34,000	38,800	30,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	31,925	15,540	16,380	98.5	98.6	98.5
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	31,000	34,800	27,600	31,000	34,800	27,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	26,125	13,180	12,950	80.6	83.6	77.8
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	27,400	31,800	22,400	27,400	31,800	22,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	18,495	9,840	8,655	57.1	62.4	52.0
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	29,200	31,000	27,800	29,200	31,000	27,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	28,680	13,685	15,000	88.5	86.8	90.2
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	14,000	13,800	14,100	14,000	13,800	14,100
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,345	2,435	1,915	13.4	15.4	11.5
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,480	5,720	5,000	5,480	5,720	5,000
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	7,920	4,270	3,655	24.4	27.1	22.0
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,000	6,500	8,000	7,000	6,500	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	32,465	15,845	16,625	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	32,020	15,630	16,390	98.6	98.6	98.6
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,680	44,200	35,400	39,680	44,200	35,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	32,025	15,635	16,390	98.6	98.7	98.6
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,320	37,600	31,200	34,320	37,600	31,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	26,435	13,360	13,075	81.4	84.3	78.6
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	33,040	37,960	28,040	33,040	37,960	28,040
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	18,510	9,920	8,590	57.0	62.6	51.7
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,400	37,680	32,760	35,400	37,680	32,760
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	28,870	13,810	15,060	88.9	87.2	90.6
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	13,740	13,280	14,180	13,740	13,280	14,180
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,465	2,575	1,890	13.8	16.3	11.4
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,610	6,710	6,470	6,610	6,710	6,470
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	8,005	4,340	3,665	24.7	27.4	22.0
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,110	7,770	8,510	8,110	7,770	8,510
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	32,470	15,840	16,625	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	7,955	4,290	3,670	24.5	27.1	22.1
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	47,600	51,600	44,400	47,600	51,600	44,400
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	53,800	58,050	48,800	53,800	58,050	48,800
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	8,005	4,025	3,970	24.7	25.4	23.9
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	18,000	20,200	16,600	18,000	20,200	16,600
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	24,600	26,600	22,600	24,600	26,600	22,600
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	68.8	73.4	63.2	68.8	73.4	63.2
Employment income (%)¹⁹	51.6	54.1	48.5	51.6	54.1	48.5
Government transfers (%)²⁰	31.3	26.6	36.8	31.3	26.6	36.8
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.3	2.5	2.1	2.3	2.5	2.1
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	6.3	5.8	6.8	6.3	5.8	6.8
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	5.1	4.9	5.4	5.1	4.9	5.4
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	32,405	15,770	16,640	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	485	230	255	1.5	1.5	1.5
With total income	31,920	15,535	16,385	98.5	98.5	98.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,985	765	1,220	6.2	4.9	7.4
$10,000 to $19,999	4,965	1,995	2,970	15.6	12.8	18.1
$20,000 to $29,999	6,935	2,920	4,020	21.7	18.8	24.5
$30,000 to $39,999	4,945	2,335	2,610	15.5	15.0	15.9
$40,000 to $49,999	4,525	2,420	2,100	14.2	15.6	12.8
$50,000 to $59,999	3,200	1,845	1,355	10.0	11.9	8.3
$60,000 to $69,999	1,870	1,055	820	5.9	6.8	5.0
$70,000 to $79,999	1,175	745	430	3.7	4.8	2.6
$80,000 to $89,999	785	440	340	2.5	2.8	2.1
$90,000 to $99,999	540	315	220	1.7	2.0	1.3
$100,000 and over	990	685	305	3.1	4.4	1.9
$100,000 to $149,999	775	540	230	2.4	3.5	1.4
$150,000 and over	220	150	70	0.7	1.0	0.4
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	32,405	15,770	16,640	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	475	225	255	1.5	1.4	1.5
With after-tax income	31,925	15,545	16,385	98.5	98.6	98.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,155	795	1,360	6.8	5.1	8.3
$10,000 to $19,999	5,150	2,095	3,055	16.1	13.5	18.6
$20,000 to $29,999	8,060	3,475	4,585	25.2	22.4	28.0
$30,000 to $39,999	6,095	3,060	3,035	19.1	19.7	18.5
$40,000 to $49,999	4,770	2,745	2,025	14.9	17.7	12.4
$50,000 to $59,999	2,595	1,505	1,090	8.1	9.7	6.7
$60,000 to $69,999	1,415	800	615	4.4	5.1	3.8
$70,000 to $79,999	760	445	320	2.4	2.9	2.0
$80,000 to $89,999	415	275	140	1.3	1.8	0.9
$90,000 to $99,999	180	115	60	0.6	0.7	0.4
$100,000 and over	335	230	100	1.0	1.5	0.6
$100,000 to $124,999	190	135	55	0.6	0.9	0.3
$125,000 and over	140	95	45	0.4	0.6	0.3
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	32,405	15,770	16,640	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	13,910	5,925	7,980	42.9	37.6	48.0
With employment income	18,495	9,840	8,655	57.1	62.4	52.0
Under $5,000 (including loss)	2,755	1,630	1,125	14.9	16.6	13.0
$5,000 to $9,999	1,570	720	855	8.5	7.3	9.9
$10,000 to $19,999	2,650	1,250	1,400	14.3	12.7	16.2
$20,000 to $29,999	2,475	1,185	1,285	13.4	12.0	14.8
$30,000 to $39,999	2,350	1,240	1,105	12.7	12.6	12.8
$40,000 to $49,999	1,990	1,020	975	10.8	10.4	11.3
$50,000 to $59,999	1,490	830	660	8.1	8.4	7.6
$60,000 to $69,999	1,045	615	430	5.7	6.3	5.0
$70,000 to $79,999	620	380	235	3.4	3.9	2.7
$80,000 to $89,999	565	285	285	3.1	2.9	3.3
$90,000 to $99,999	300	195	105	1.6	2.0	1.2
$100,000 and over	690	495	200	3.7	5.0	2.3
$100,000 to $124,999	410	290	120	2.2	2.9	1.4
$125,000 and over	280	200	80	1.5	2.0	0.9
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	32,400	15,765	16,635	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	31,570	15,375	16,200	97.4	97.5	97.4
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	30,600	36,400	26,000	30,600	36,400	26,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	31,590	15,375	16,215	97.5	97.5	97.5
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	28,000	32,400	24,600	28,000	32,400	24,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	25,760	13,020	12,735	79.5	82.6	76.6
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	28,200	33,200	23,600	28,200	33,200	23,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	18,885	10,010	8,875	58.3	63.5	53.4
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	29,200	31,800	26,800	29,200	31,800	26,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	27,050	12,755	14,295	83.5	80.9	85.9
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,900	10,000	11,300	10,900	10,000	11,300
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	4,055	2,290	1,765	12.5	14.5	10.6
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,520	4,960	4,000	4,520	4,960	4,000
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	32,465	15,845	16,625	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	31,680	15,475	16,200	97.6	97.7	97.4
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	37,160	42,200	32,360	37,160	42,200	32,360
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	31,685	15,475	16,215	97.6	97.7	97.5
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	32,120	35,880	28,520	32,120	35,880	28,520
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	25,935	13,160	12,770	79.9	83.1	76.8
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	33,840	39,320	28,200	33,840	39,320	28,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	18,860	10,065	8,795	58.1	63.5	52.9
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,120	38,360	31,400	35,120	38,360	31,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	27,265	12,950	14,315	84.0	81.7	86.1
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,990	10,440	11,490	10,990	10,440	11,490
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	4,165	2,385	1,780	12.8	15.1	10.7
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,130	6,150	6,105	6,130	6,150	6,105
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	32,470	15,840	16,625	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	7,935	4,280	3,655	24.4	27.0	22.0
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	43,600	48,800	40,400	43,600	48,800	40,400
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	49,840	55,150	43,640	49,840	55,150	43,640
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	7,520	3,785	3,735	23.2	23.9	22.5
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	23,000	25,000	20,800	23,000	25,000	20,800
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	28,560	31,520	25,560	28,560	31,520	25,560
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	74.6	79.2	68.6	74.6	79.2	68.6
Employment income (%)	56.2	59.2	52.6	56.2	59.2	52.6
Government transfers (%)	25.5	20.7	31.4	25.5	20.7	31.4
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.2	2.3	2.1	2.2	2.3	2.1
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	20,125	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	50,400	...	...	50,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	45,600	...	...	45,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	9,455	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	29,400	...	...	29,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	27,600	...	...	27,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	10,670	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	76,500	...	...	76,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	67,500	...	...	67,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	20,200	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	62,900	...	...	62,900	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	54,400	...	...	54,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	9,550	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	35,720	...	...	35,720	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	31,360	...	...	31,360	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	10,650	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	87,300	...	...	87,300	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	75,100	...	...	75,100	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	20,125	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	135	...	...	0.7	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	190	...	...	0.9	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	560	...	...	2.8	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	870	...	...	4.3	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,380	...	...	11.8	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,075	...	...	5.3	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,140	...	...	5.7	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,330	...	...	6.6	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,190	...	...	5.9	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,115	...	...	5.5	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,980	...	...	9.8	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,520	...	...	7.6	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,235	...	...	6.1	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,155	...	...	5.7	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	890	...	...	4.4	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,365	...	...	16.7	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,520	...	...	7.6	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	765	...	...	3.8	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	735	...	...	3.7	...	...
$200,000 and over	350	...	...	1.7	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	20,125	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	145	...	...	0.7	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	185	...	...	0.9	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	565	...	...	2.8	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	905	...	...	4.5	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,500	...	...	12.4	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,365	...	...	6.8	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,395	...	...	6.9	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,570	...	...	7.8	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,305	...	...	6.5	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,215	...	...	6.0	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,055	...	...	10.2	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,605	...	...	8.0	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,385	...	...	6.9	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,030	...	...	5.1	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	770	...	...	3.8	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,115	...	...	10.5	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,130	...	...	5.6	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	545	...	...	2.7	...	...
$150,000 and over	445	...	...	2.2	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	10,200	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	77,000	...	...	77,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	68,000	...	...	68,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	5,425	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	71,000	...	...	71,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	63,200	...	...	63,200	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	2,650	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	114,000	...	...	114,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	99,000	...	...	99,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,865	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	58,400	...	...	58,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	53,600	...	...	53,600	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.5	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	10,645	5,145	5,500	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	28,800	31,400	27,200	28,800	31,400	27,200
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	27,200	28,600	26,200	27,200	28,600	26,200
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	10,120	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	88,100	...	...	88,100	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	75,700	...	...	75,700	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	5,435	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	77,800	...	...	77,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	67,200	...	...	67,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,670	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	127,700	...	...	127,700	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	106,900	...	...	106,900	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,760	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	62,150	...	...	62,150	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	56,000	...	...	56,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	10,815	5,265	5,550	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	35,040	36,800	33,400	35,040	36,800	33,400
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	30,840	31,680	30,040	30,840	31,680	30,040
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	37,110	18,160	18,945	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	5,570	2,820	2,750	15.0	15.5	14.5
0 to 5 years	1,835	940	900	4.9	5.2	4.8
18 to 64 years	20,685	10,340	10,345	55.7	56.9	54.6
65 years and over	10,855	5,000	5,855	29.3	27.5	30.9
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	7,705	3,465	4,235	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	930	470	465	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	360	200	165	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	3,565	1,795	1,770	...	...	...
65 years and over	3,210	1,205	2,005	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	20.8	19.1	22.4	20.8	19.1	22.4
0 to 17 years (%)	16.7	16.6	16.8	16.7	16.6	16.8
0 to 5 years (%)	19.5	21.0	18.0	19.5	21.0	18.0
18 to 64 years (%)	17.2	17.4	17.1	17.2	17.4	17.1
65 years and over (%)	29.6	24.0	34.3	29.6	24.0	34.3
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	37,110	18,165	18,950	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	5,570	2,820	2,750	15.0	15.5	14.5
0 to 5 years	1,835	935	900	4.9	5.1	4.7
18 to 64 years	20,685	10,340	10,345	55.7	56.9	54.6
65 years and over	10,850	5,000	5,850	29.2	27.5	30.9
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	2,505	1,345	1,160	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	265	135	130	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	95	55	45	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	2,015	1,115	905	...	...	...
65 years and over	225	105	125	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	6.8	7.4	6.1	6.8	7.4	6.1
0 to 17 years (%)	4.7	4.8	4.7	4.7	4.8	4.7
0 to 5 years (%)	5.4	5.8	5.0	5.4	5.8	5.0
18 to 64 years (%)	9.8	10.7	8.8	9.8	10.7	8.8
65 years and over (%)	2.1	2.0	2.1	2.1	2.0	2.1
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	37,110	18,165	18,945	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	26,775	12,910	13,870	72.2	71.1	73.2
In bottom decile	6,470	2,970	3,500	17.4	16.4	18.5
In second decile	5,900	2,755	3,150	15.9	15.2	16.6
In third decile	5,360	2,625	2,735	14.4	14.5	14.4
In fourth decile	4,900	2,445	2,455	13.2	13.5	13.0
In fifth decile	4,145	2,120	2,025	11.2	11.7	10.7
In top half of the distribution	10,335	5,250	5,080	27.8	28.9	26.8
In sixth decile	3,465	1,735	1,730	9.3	9.6	9.1
In seventh decile	2,640	1,335	1,300	7.1	7.3	6.9
In eighth decile	2,115	1,095	1,025	5.7	6.0	5.4
In ninth decile	1,415	725	690	3.8	4.0	3.6
In top decile	695	360	330	1.9	2.0	1.7
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	37,110	...	...	37,110	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.297	...	...	0.297	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.485	...	...	0.485	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.258	...	...	0.258	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.2	...	...	3.2	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	38,085	18,420	19,665	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	75	35	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
French only	28,655	13,165	15,490	75.2	71.5	78.8
English and French	9,270	5,155	4,115	24.3	28.0	20.9
Neither English nor French	85	65	20	0.2	0.4	0.1
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	38,085	18,420	19,665	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	490	245	245	1.3	1.3	1.2
French	37,340	18,025	19,315	98.0	97.9	98.2
English and French	180	100	85	0.5	0.5	0.4
Neither English nor French	75	55	15	0.2	0.3	0.1
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	38,085	18,420	19,665	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	37,695	18,225	19,475	99.0	98.9	99.0
Official languages	37,115	17,905	19,210	97.5	97.2	97.7
English	440	215	225	1.2	1.2	1.1
French	36,680	17,690	18,985	96.3	96.0	96.5
Non-official languages	585	315	265	1.5	1.7	1.3
Indigenous languages³⁹	30	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Algonquian languages	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Atikamekw	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	555	305	250	1.5	1.7	1.3
Afro-Asiatic languages	155	90	65	0.4	0.5	0.3
Berber languages	10	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Kabyle	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	140	80	60	0.4	0.4	0.3
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	140	80	60	0.4	0.4	0.3
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Haitian Creole	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	285	165	120	0.7	0.9	0.6
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	15	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	20	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
German	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	20	15	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	210	125	85	0.6	0.7	0.4
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Portuguese	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	160	100	60	0.4	0.5	0.3
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	35	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	35	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages	35	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	390	195	190	1.0	1.1	1.0
English and French	285	150	135	0.7	0.8	0.7
English and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	70	30	45	0.2	0.2	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	38,085	18,420	19,665	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	190	95	100	0.5	0.5	0.5
French	36,095	17,340	18,755	94.8	94.1	95.4
Non-official language	170	110	60	0.4	0.6	0.3
Indigenous³⁹	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	165	110	55	0.4	0.6	0.3
English and French	1,135	620	515	3.0	3.4	2.6
English and non-official language(s)	25	15	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	285	145	140	0.7	0.8	0.7
English, French and non-official language(s)	185	100	90	0.5	0.5	0.5
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	38,085	18,420	19,665	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	37,705	18,240	19,465	99.0	99.0	99.0
Official languages	37,425	18,070	19,350	98.3	98.1	98.4
English	350	175	175	0.9	1.0	0.9
French	37,070	17,895	19,175	97.3	97.1	97.5
Non-official languages	280	165	110	0.7	0.9	0.6
Indigenous languages³⁹	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	270	165	105	0.7	0.9	0.5
Afro-Asiatic languages	60	35	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	60	30	25	0.2	0.2	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	60	30	25	0.2	0.2	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	145	95	50	0.4	0.5	0.3
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	15	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	110	75	35	0.3	0.4	0.2
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	75	60	15	0.2	0.3	0.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	15	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	30	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages	30	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	380	185	200	1.0	1.0	1.0
English and French	255	120	130	0.7	0.7	0.7
English and non-official language(s)	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	100	45	55	0.3	0.2	0.3
English, French and non-official language(s)	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	38,085	18,420	19,660	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	36,785	17,700	19,085	96.6	96.1	97.1
English	790	445	340	2.1	2.4	1.7
French	220	110	105	0.6	0.6	0.5
Non-official language	150	80	70	0.4	0.4	0.4
Indigenous³⁹	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Non-Indigenous	130	75	60	0.3	0.4	0.3
English and French	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and non-official language(s)	90	50	40	0.2	0.3	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	15	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	37,120	18,180	18,930	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	37,035	18,120	18,915	99.8	99.7	99.9
English	9,435	5,340	4,095	25.4	29.4	21.6
French	36,970	18,090	18,880	99.6	99.5	99.7
Non-official languages	1,380	725	655	3.7	4.0	3.5
Indigenous languages³⁹	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Algonquian languages	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Atikamekw	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,365	725	640	3.7	4.0	3.4
Afro-Asiatic languages	145	95	60	0.4	0.5	0.3
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	140	90	60	0.4	0.5	0.3
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	140	90	60	0.4	0.5	0.3
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	65	35	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Haitian Creole	35	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	980	495	485	2.6	2.7	2.6
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	60	35	25	0.2	0.2	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	60	30	25	0.2	0.2	0.1
German	60	30	25	0.2	0.2	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Indo-Iranian languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	895	450	445	2.4	2.5	2.4
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	80	25	55	0.2	0.1	0.3
Portuguese	30	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	815	425	390	2.2	2.3	2.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	45	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Korean	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	60	35	20	0.2	0.2	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Wojenaka	15	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	40	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	35	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages	35	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	37,120	18,185	18,930	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	680	350	340	1.8	1.9	1.8
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	625	310	315	1.7	1.7	1.7
First Nations (North American Indian)	265	95	165	0.7	0.5	0.9
Métis	355	210	145	1.0	1.2	0.8
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	25	20	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Non-Indigenous identity	36,435	17,835	18,600	98.2	98.1	98.3
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	37,120	18,185	18,930	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	180	75	105	0.5	0.4	0.6
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	36,940	18,110	18,830	99.5	99.6	99.5
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	20,200	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	10,115	...	...	50.1	...	...
Renter	10,080	...	...	49.9	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	20,200	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	1,140	...	...	5.6	...	...
Not condominium	19,060	...	...	94.4	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	20,200	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	50	...	...	0.2	...	...
1 bedroom	2,730	...	...	13.5	...	...
2 bedrooms	7,525	...	...	37.3	...	...
3 bedrooms	6,825	...	...	33.8	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	3,060	...	...	15.1	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	20,200	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	7,250	...	...	35.9	...	...
5 rooms	4,940	...	...	24.5	...	...
6 rooms	2,240	...	...	11.1	...	...
7 rooms	1,845	...	...	9.1	...	...
8 or more rooms	3,920	...	...	19.4	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.6	...	...	5.6	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	20,200	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	20,135	...	...	99.7	...	...
More than one person per room	65	...	...	0.3	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	20,200	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	19,970	...	...	98.9	...	...
Not suitable	235	...	...	1.2	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	20,200	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	9,320	...	...	46.1	...	...
1961 to 1980	5,935	...	...	29.4	...	...
1981 to 1990	2,095	...	...	10.4	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,200	...	...	5.9	...	...
2001 to 2005	300	...	...	1.5	...	...
2006 to 2010	345	...	...	1.7	...	...
2011 to 2015	535	...	...	2.6	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	475	...	...	2.4	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	20,200	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	19,055	...	...	94.3	...	...
Major repairs needed	1,150	...	...	5.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	20,200	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	13,735	...	...	68.0	...	...
Two-maintainer household	6,300	...	...	31.2	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	160	...	...	0.8	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	20,200	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	660	...	...	3.3	...	...
25 to 34 years	2,145	...	...	10.6	...	...
35 to 44 years	2,525	...	...	12.5	...	...
45 to 54 years	2,500	...	...	12.4	...	...
55 to 64 years	4,560	...	...	22.6	...	...
65 to 74 years	4,485	...	...	22.2	...	...
75 to 84 years	2,375	...	...	11.8	...	...
85 years and over	950	...	...	4.7	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	20,175	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	17,185	...	...	85.2	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	2,985	...	...	14.8	...	...
30% to less than 100%	2,800	...	...	13.9	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	20,200	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	4,145	...	...	20.5	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	2,790	...	...	13.8	...	...
Not suitable only	200	...	...	1.0	...	...
Major repairs needed only	940	...	...	4.7	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	10	...	...	0.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	180	...	...	0.9	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	15	...	...	0.1	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	16,055	...	...	79.5	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	19,985	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	665	...	...	3.3	...	...
Not in core need	19,320	...	...	96.7	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	10,115	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	56.2	...	...	56.2	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	8.7	...	...	8.7	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.4	...	...	0.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	765	...	...	765	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	854	...	...	854	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	150,000	...	...	150,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	168,600	...	...	168,600	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	10,085	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	7.2	...	...	7.2	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	20.9	...	...	20.9	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	6.2	...	...	6.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	528	...	...	528	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	576	...	...	576	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	37,115	18,185	18,935	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	640	330	310	1.7	1.8	1.6
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	640	330	310	1.7	1.8	1.6
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	575	275	300	1.5	1.5	1.6
Métis single ancestry	60	50	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	845	400	440	2.3	2.2	2.3
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	835	400	440	2.2	2.2	2.3
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	760	360	405	2.0	2.0	2.1
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	80	40	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	35,630	17,455	18,180	96.0	96.0	96.0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	37,115	18,185	18,935	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	36,505	17,815	18,690	98.4	98.0	98.7
Canadian citizens aged under 18	5,415	2,705	2,715	14.6	14.9	14.3
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	31,090	15,110	15,975	83.8	83.1	84.4
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	615	370	245	1.7	2.0	1.3
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	37,115	18,185	18,935	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	36,015	17,560	18,455	97.0	96.6	97.5
Immigrants⁸¹	815	425	390	2.2	2.3	2.1
Before 1980	95	55	40	0.3	0.3	0.2
1980 to 1990	75	45	25	0.2	0.2	0.1
1991 to 2000	90	35	55	0.2	0.2	0.3
2001 to 2010	215	110	105	0.6	0.6	0.6
2011 to 2021⁸²	345	180	165	0.9	1.0	0.9
2011 to 2015	135	70	65	0.4	0.4	0.3
2016 to 2021	210	110	100	0.6	0.6	0.5
Non-permanent residents⁸³	290	200	85	0.8	1.1	0.4
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	815	425	390	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	115	45	70	14.1	10.6	17.9
5 to 14 years	135	70	60	16.6	16.5	15.4
15 to 24 years	100	50	55	12.3	11.8	14.1
25 to 44 years	375	230	150	46.0	54.1	38.5
45 years and over	85	25	60	10.4	5.9	15.4
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	815	425	390	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	220	105	115	27.0	24.7	29.5
Brazil	10	0	10	1.2	0.0	2.6
Colombia	10	0	10	1.2	0.0	2.6
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	25	20	10	3.1	4.7	2.6
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	15	10	10	1.8	2.4	2.6
Peru	15	0	10	1.8	0.0	2.6
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	25	10	15	3.1	2.4	3.8
Other places of birth in Americas	110	60	55	13.5	14.1	14.1
Europe	280	145	130	34.4	34.1	33.3
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	190	95	90	23.3	22.4	23.1
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greece	15	10	10	1.8	2.4	2.6
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	10	10	0	1.2	2.4	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portugal	10	10	0	1.2	2.4	0.0
Romania	10	10	0	1.2	2.4	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	10	10	0	1.2	2.4	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	20	0	20	2.5	0.0	5.1
Africa	215	125	95	26.4	29.4	24.4
Algeria	30	20	10	3.7	4.7	2.6
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	10	0	10	1.2	0.0	2.6
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	60	35	25	7.4	8.2	6.4
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	115	60	50	14.1	14.1	12.8
Asia	95	50	50	11.7	11.8	12.8
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	15	10	0	1.8	2.4	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	10	0	0	1.2	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	10	10	0	1.2	2.4	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	20	10	10	2.5	2.4	2.6
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	10	0	0	1.2	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	10	0	0	1.2	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	25	10	15	3.1	2.4	3.8
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	210	105	105	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	50	35	10	23.8	33.3	9.5
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	25	20	0	11.9	19.0	0.0
Europe	55	15	35	26.2	14.3	33.3
France	40	0	30	19.0	0.0	28.6
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	0	4.8	0.0	0.0
Africa	100	50	50	47.6	47.6	47.6
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	35	15	20	16.7	14.3	19.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	25	20	10	11.9	19.0	9.5
Other places of birth in Africa	20	0	15	9.5	0.0	14.3
Asia	10	10	0	4.8	9.5	0.0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	37,120	18,180	18,930	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	1,210	690	525	3.3	3.8	2.8
Second generation¹⁰¹	840	430	415	2.3	2.4	2.2
Third generation or more¹⁰²	35,070	17,070	18,000	94.5	93.9	95.1
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	715	370	350	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	375	215	155	52.4	58.1	44.3
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	185	120	55	25.9	32.4	15.7
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	190	95	100	26.6	25.7	28.6
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	285	115	170	39.9	31.1	48.6
Refugees¹⁰⁸	55	30	25	7.7	8.1	7.1
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	715	370	350	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	20	10	10	2.8	2.7	2.9
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	95	65	30	13.3	17.6	8.6
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	25	25	0	3.5	6.8	0.0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	70	25	45	9.8	6.8	12.9
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	10	0	10	1.4	0.0	2.9
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	495	245	255	69.2	66.2	72.9
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	37,120	18,180	18,930	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	925	500	425	2.5	2.8	2.2
South Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese	50	15	35	0.1	0.1	0.2
Black	330	205	130	0.9	1.1	0.7
Filipino	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arab	120	75	40	0.3	0.4	0.2
Latin American	245	130	115	0.7	0.7	0.6
Southeast Asian	60	25	30	0.2	0.1	0.2
West Asian	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	60	30	25	0.2	0.2	0.1
Multiple visible minorities	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	36,190	17,685	18,510	97.5	97.3	97.8
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	37,115	18,185	18,935	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	16,680	8,070	8,610	44.9	44.4	45.5
English	395	200	195	1.1	1.1	1.0
Irish	1,030	485	545	2.8	2.7	2.9
Scottish	340	165	175	0.9	0.9	0.9
French, n.o.s.¹²²	7,225	3,660	3,565	19.5	20.1	18.8
German	250	125	130	0.7	0.7	0.7
Chinese	40	10	35	0.1	0.1	0.2
Italian	420	235	185	1.1	1.3	1.0
Indian (India)	35	10	30	0.1	0.1	0.2
Ukrainian	60	10	50	0.2	0.1	0.3
Dutch	30	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Polish	35	25	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Québécois	5,705	2,730	2,975	15.4	15.0	15.7
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	85	50	30	0.2	0.3	0.2
Filipino	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French Canadian	3,505	1,640	1,860	9.4	9.0	9.8
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	1,110	600	505	3.0	3.3	2.7
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	695	350	345	1.9	1.9	1.8
Métis	140	90	50	0.4	0.5	0.3
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	420	225	195	1.1	1.2	1.0
Russian	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Norwegian	45	15	35	0.1	0.1	0.2
Welsh	20	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Portuguese	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
American	175	75	105	0.5	0.4	0.6
Spanish	125	65	60	0.3	0.4	0.3
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	30	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Acadian	310	145	165	0.8	0.8	0.9
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	115	70	50	0.3	0.4	0.3
Jewish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	50	35	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
Greek	50	30	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
Jamaican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	35	10	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanese	50	15	40	0.1	0.1	0.2
Iranian	15	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	390	205	185	1.1	1.1	1.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	175	80	100	0.5	0.4	0.5
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Belgian	100	55	45	0.3	0.3	0.2
Haitian	110	80	35	0.3	0.4	0.2
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	65	55	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Mennonite	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	110	40	75	0.3	0.2	0.4
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	40	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	15	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	25	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Colombian	30	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Moroccan	75	45	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	15	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Brazilian	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	90	65	30	0.2	0.4	0.2
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Peruvian	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Brunswicker	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	55	40	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	25	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	50	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.2
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	50	20	35	0.1	0.1	0.2
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	50	15	35	0.1	0.1	0.2
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	40	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	45	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Norman	95	55	45	0.3	0.3	0.2
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	120	40	80	0.3	0.2	0.4
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	37,120	18,185	18,930	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	65	20	45	0.2	0.1	0.2
Christian	27,645	13,140	14,505	74.5	72.3	76.6
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	1,155	560	600	3.1	3.1	3.2
Anabaptist	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Anglican	25	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Baptist	120	50	70	0.3	0.3	0.4
Catholic	25,700	12,260	13,445	69.2	67.4	71.0
Christian Orthodox	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Jehovah's Witness	155	60	100	0.4	0.3	0.5
Latter Day Saints	55	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.2
Lutheran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	100	45	55	0.3	0.2	0.3
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	260	100	155	0.7	0.5	0.8
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	200	125	70	0.5	0.7	0.4
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	45	30	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
No religion and secular perspectives	9,150	4,860	4,290	24.6	26.7	22.7
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	36,845	18,045	18,805	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	32,225	15,785	16,435	87.5	87.5	87.4
Movers	4,625	2,265	2,360	12.6	12.6	12.5
Non-migrants	2,815	1,360	1,455	7.6	7.5	7.7
Migrants	1,810	905	905	4.9	5.0	4.8
Internal migrants	1,740	845	895	4.7	4.7	4.8
Intraprovincial migrants	1,685	815	865	4.6	4.5	4.6
Interprovincial migrants	60	35	25	0.2	0.2	0.1
External migrants	70	55	15	0.2	0.3	0.1
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	35,610	17,410	18,200	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	21,690	10,485	11,205	60.9	60.2	61.6
Movers	13,920	6,925	6,995	39.1	39.8	38.4
Non-migrants	7,670	3,740	3,930	21.5	21.5	21.6
Migrants	6,250	3,185	3,065	17.6	18.3	16.8
Internal migrants	5,890	2,965	2,925	16.5	17.0	16.1
Intraprovincial migrants	5,725	2,875	2,850	16.1	16.5	15.7
Interprovincial migrants	160	90	70	0.4	0.5	0.4
External migrants	360	220	140	1.0	1.3	0.8
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	32,465	15,840	16,625	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	8,465	4,185	4,280	26.1	26.4	25.7
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	24,000	11,655	12,350	73.9	73.6	74.3
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	18,465	9,110	9,365	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	3,785	2,085	1,700	20.5	22.9	18.2
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	14,685	7,025	7,665	79.5	77.1	81.8
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	32,465	15,840	16,625	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	7,540	3,580	3,960	23.2	22.6	23.8
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	8,080	3,810	4,270	24.9	24.1	25.7
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	16,845	8,445	8,395	51.9	53.3	50.5
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	13,350	6,895	6,455	41.1	43.5	38.8
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	6,870	4,255	2,610	21.2	26.9	15.7
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	5,300	2,975	2,325	16.3	18.8	14.0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	1,565	1,280	290	4.8	8.1	1.7
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	5,570	2,280	3,285	17.2	14.4	19.8
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	910	360	550	2.8	2.3	3.3
Bachelor's degree or higher	3,485	1,550	1,945	10.7	9.8	11.7
Bachelor's degree	2,495	1,085	1,405	7.7	6.8	8.5
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	290	150	135	0.9	0.9	0.8
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	160	65	95	0.5	0.4	0.6
Master's degree	460	195	265	1.4	1.2	1.6
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	80	50	40	0.2	0.3	0.2
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	18,470	9,105	9,360	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	3,175	1,700	1,475	17.2	18.7	15.8
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	3,775	1,825	1,945	20.4	20.0	20.8
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	11,520	5,585	5,940	62.4	61.3	63.5
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	8,975	4,555	4,420	48.6	50.0	47.2
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	4,850	2,915	1,935	26.3	32.0	20.7
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	3,790	2,040	1,745	20.5	22.4	18.6
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	1,065	870	195	5.8	9.6	2.1
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	3,605	1,430	2,180	19.5	15.7	23.3
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	515	210	305	2.8	2.3	3.3
Bachelor's degree or higher	2,545	1,030	1,515	13.8	11.3	16.2
Bachelor's degree	1,835	745	1,085	9.9	8.2	11.6
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	195	100	100	1.1	1.1	1.1
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	125	35	85	0.7	0.4	0.9
Master's degree	320	115	210	1.7	1.3	2.2
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	70	35	35	0.4	0.4	0.4
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	32,465	15,840	16,625	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	15,625	7,395	8,230	48.1	46.7	49.5
Education	1,360	355	1,005	4.2	2.2	6.0
13. Education	1,360	355	1,005	4.2	2.2	6.0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	330	150	175	1.0	0.9	1.1
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
50. Visual and performing arts	290	130	160	0.9	0.8	1.0
Humanities	665	290	380	2.0	1.8	2.3
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	65	10	55	0.2	0.1	0.3
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	360	170	190	1.1	1.1	1.1
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
39. Theology and religious vocations	65	40	20	0.2	0.3	0.1
54. History	35	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	105	25	85	0.3	0.2	0.5
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,125	260	865	3.5	1.6	5.2
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	130	55	70	0.4	0.3	0.4
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	380	15	360	1.2	0.1	2.2
22. Legal professions and studies	100	40	50	0.3	0.3	0.3
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	55	0	55	0.2	0.0	0.3
42. Psychology	315	70	240	1.0	0.4	1.4
45. Social sciences	140	70	70	0.4	0.4	0.4
Business, management and public administration	3,560	1,025	2,540	11.0	6.5	15.3
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	200	50	145	0.6	0.3	0.9
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,360	970	2,390	10.3	6.1	14.4
Physical and life sciences and technologies	380	195	185	1.2	1.2	1.1
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	90	40	50	0.3	0.3	0.3
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	75	55	20	0.2	0.3	0.1
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	70	30	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
40. Physical sciences	85	55	35	0.3	0.3	0.2
41. Science technologies/technicians	60	25	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	435	330	105	1.3	2.1	0.6
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	355	295	55	1.1	1.9	0.3
25. Library science	40	0	40	0.1	0.0	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	30	25	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	4,280	4,070	210	13.2	25.7	1.3
04. Architecture and related services	45	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
14. Engineering	285	240	45	0.9	1.5	0.3
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	920	855	60	2.8	5.4	0.4
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	915	900	15	2.8	5.7	0.1
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,310	1,295	10	4.0	8.2	0.1
48. Precision production	810	760	50	2.5	4.8	0.3
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	485	335	150	1.5	2.1	0.9
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	210	90	120	0.6	0.6	0.7
03. Natural resources and conservation	270	250	25	0.8	1.6	0.2
Health and related fields	2,570	505	2,065	7.9	3.2	12.4
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	60	30	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	2,435	455	1,980	7.5	2.9	11.9
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	70	20	50	0.2	0.1	0.3
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,630	930	700	5.0	5.9	4.2
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	825	230	600	2.5	1.5	3.6
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	260	200	55	0.8	1.3	0.3
49. Transportation and materials moving	540	495	45	1.7	3.1	0.3
Other¹⁷⁹	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	18,465	9,110	9,360	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	6,950	3,530	3,425	37.6	38.7	36.6
Education	700	165	540	3.8	1.8	5.8
13. Education	700	165	540	3.8	1.8	5.8
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	240	110	125	1.3	1.2	1.3
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
50. Visual and performing arts	210	95	110	1.1	1.0	1.2
Humanities	385	155	230	2.1	1.7	2.5
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	45	0	35	0.2	0.0	0.4
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	205	100	110	1.1	1.1	1.2
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	30	20	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
54. History	30	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	70	10	55	0.4	0.1	0.6
Social and behavioural sciences and law	845	185	655	4.6	2.0	7.0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	105	30	75	0.6	0.3	0.8
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	285	15	270	1.5	0.2	2.9
22. Legal professions and studies	80	30	45	0.4	0.3	0.5
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	30	0	30	0.2	0.0	0.3
42. Psychology	250	60	190	1.4	0.7	2.0
45. Social sciences	80	40	35	0.4	0.4	0.4
Business, management and public administration	2,540	665	1,870	13.8	7.3	20.0
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	150	30	120	0.8	0.3	1.3
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,385	645	1,750	12.9	7.1	18.7
Physical and life sciences and technologies	220	95	125	1.2	1.0	1.3
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	65	20	40	0.4	0.2	0.4
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	25	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
40. Physical sciences	70	45	25	0.4	0.5	0.3
41. Science technologies/technicians	35	10	30	0.2	0.1	0.3
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	365	285	90	2.0	3.1	1.0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	320	270	55	1.7	3.0	0.6
25. Library science	30	0	30	0.2	0.0	0.3
27. Mathematics and statistics	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	2,810	2,640	170	15.2	29.0	1.8
04. Architecture and related services	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
14. Engineering	220	185	40	1.2	2.0	0.4
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	525	485	40	2.8	5.3	0.4
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	625	610	15	3.4	6.7	0.2
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	870	865	10	4.7	9.5	0.1
48. Precision production	535	485	50	2.9	5.3	0.5
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	355	240	115	1.9	2.6	1.2
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	170	75	95	0.9	0.8	1.0
03. Natural resources and conservation	190	165	20	1.0	1.8	0.2
Health and related fields	1,770	350	1,420	9.6	3.8	15.2
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	50	20	30	0.3	0.2	0.3
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,665	320	1,335	9.0	3.5	14.3
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	60	10	50	0.3	0.1	0.5
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,270	690	585	6.9	7.6	6.3
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	665	170	490	3.6	1.9	5.2
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	190	140	50	1.0	1.5	0.5
49. Transportation and materials moving	420	380	40	2.3	4.2	0.4
Other¹⁷⁹	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	18,465	9,110	9,360	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,950	3,530	3,425	37.6	38.7	36.6
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	11,515	5,580	5,935	62.4	61.3	63.4
Location of study inside Canada	11,145	5,360	5,780	60.4	58.8	61.8
Same as province or territory of residence	11,005	5,290	5,715	59.6	58.1	61.1
Different than province or territory of residence	135	75	70	0.7	0.8	0.7
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	380	225	155	2.1	2.5	1.7
Americas	105	65	40	0.6	0.7	0.4
United States of America	15	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Mexico	25	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	20	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Europe	170	105	65	0.9	1.2	0.7
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	140	90	50	0.8	1.0	0.5
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	80	50	30	0.4	0.5	0.3
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	20	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Tunisia	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	35	15	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
Asia	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	32,465	15,840	16,625	...	...	...
In the labour force	16,470	8,550	7,920	...	...	...
Employed	15,210	7,840	7,370	...	...	...
Unemployed	1,260	705	550	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	15,995	7,290	8,705	...	...	...
Participation rate	50.7	54.0	47.6	50.7	54.0	47.6
Employment rate	46.9	49.5	44.3	46.9	49.5	44.3
Unemployment rate	7.7	8.2	6.9	7.7	8.2	6.9
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	32,465	15,840	16,625	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	15,855	7,200	8,660	48.8	45.5	52.1
Worked	16,610	8,640	7,970	51.2	54.5	47.9
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	8,210	4,410	3,810	25.3	27.8	22.9
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	8,400	4,235	4,160	25.9	26.7	25.0
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.1	41.2	40.9	41.1	41.2	40.9
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	16,470	8,550	7,920	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	455	235	215	2.8	2.7	2.7
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	16,020	8,320	7,700	97.3	97.3	97.2
Employee	14,485	7,590	6,895	87.9	88.8	87.1
Permanent position	12,125	6,335	5,790	73.6	74.1	73.1
Temporary position	2,355	1,255	1,100	14.3	14.7	13.9
Fixed term (1 year or more)	720	345	380	4.4	4.0	4.8
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	1,635	910	725	9.9	10.6	9.2
Self-employed¹⁹²	1,535	725	805	9.3	8.5	10.2
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	16,470	8,550	7,920	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	455	235	215	2.8	2.7	2.7
All occupations¹⁹¹	16,020	8,320	7,700	97.3	97.3	97.2
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	120	85	35	0.7	1.0	0.4
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,135	630	1,505	13.0	7.4	19.0
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	955	760	190	5.8	8.9	2.4
3 Health occupations	1,730	330	1,400	10.5	3.9	17.7
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,710	460	1,250	10.4	5.4	15.8
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	240	110	130	1.5	1.3	1.6
6 Sales and service occupations	4,810	2,220	2,590	29.2	26.0	32.7
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,780	2,565	215	16.9	30.0	2.7
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	275	240	40	1.7	2.8	0.5
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,265	920	345	7.7	10.8	4.4
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	16,470	8,550	7,920	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	455	235	215	2.8	2.7	2.7
All industries¹⁹¹	16,020	8,320	7,700	97.3	97.3	97.2
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	210	160	50	1.3	1.9	0.6
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	70	65	0	0.4	0.8	0.0
22 Utilities	145	120	20	0.9	1.4	0.3
23 Construction	1,005	890	110	6.1	10.4	1.4
31-33 Manufacturing	2,080	1,545	535	12.6	18.1	6.8
41 Wholesale trade	245	180	65	1.5	2.1	0.8
44-45 Retail trade	2,435	1,205	1,235	14.8	14.1	15.6
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	625	495	130	3.8	5.8	1.6
51 Information and cultural industries	140	110	30	0.9	1.3	0.4
52 Finance and insurance	275	90	190	1.7	1.1	2.4
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	175	105	70	1.1	1.2	0.9
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	765	450	320	4.6	5.3	4.0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	625	395	230	3.8	4.6	2.9
61 Educational services	875	240	635	5.3	2.8	8.0
62 Health care and social assistance	3,000	665	2,340	18.2	7.8	29.5
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	235	135	105	1.4	1.6	1.3
72 Accommodation and food services	1,170	525	645	7.1	6.1	8.1
81 Other services (except public administration)	800	390	405	4.9	4.6	5.1
91 Public administration	1,130	550	580	6.9	6.4	7.3
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	17,650	9,190	8,465	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	175	110	65	1.0	1.2	0.8
French	15,870	8,080	7,785	89.9	87.9	92.0
Non-official language	30	25	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	30	25	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
English and French	1,505	930	570	8.5	10.1	6.7
English and non-official language(s)	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	40	25	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	35	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	17,650	9,190	8,465	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	17,435	9,055	8,375	98.8	98.5	98.9
Official languages	17,400	9,030	8,370	98.6	98.3	98.9
English	350	225	125	2.0	2.4	1.5
French	17,050	8,805	8,245	96.6	95.8	97.4
Non-official languages	35	30	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	35	30	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	220	130	85	1.2	1.4	1.0
English and French	215	125	85	1.2	1.4	1.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	17,650	9,190	8,465	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	16,285	8,350	7,940	92.3	90.9	93.8
English	1,125	695	430	6.4	7.6	5.1
French	170	110	60	1.0	1.2	0.7
Non-official language	35	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	35	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	15,210	7,840	7,365	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	2,100	945	1,155	13.8	12.1	15.7
Worked outside Canada	55	40	15	0.4	0.5	0.2
No fixed workplace address	1,420	1,115	305	9.3	14.2	4.1
Usual place of work	11,635	5,745	5,890	76.5	73.3	80.0
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	11,635	5,740	5,890	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	8,170	3,490	4,685	70.2	60.8	79.5
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	3,450	2,250	1,200	29.7	39.2	20.4
Commute to a different province or territory	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	13,055	6,860	6,195	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	11,630	6,200	5,430	89.1	90.4	87.7
Car, truck or van - as a driver	11,065	5,915	5,150	84.8	86.2	83.1
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	570	290	280	4.4	4.2	4.5
Public transit	220	85	130	1.7	1.2	2.1
Walked	925	400	525	7.1	5.8	8.5
Bicycle	60	40	20	0.5	0.6	0.3
Other method	230	135	90	1.8	2.0	1.5
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	13,055	6,860	6,195	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	6,290	2,875	3,415	48.2	41.9	55.1
15 to 29 minutes	3,860	1,970	1,890	29.6	28.7	30.5
30 to 44 minutes	1,885	1,230	655	14.4	17.9	10.6
45 to 59 minutes	545	400	140	4.2	5.8	2.3
60 minutes and over	475	385	90	3.6	5.6	1.5
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	13,055	6,860	6,195	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	615	505	115	4.7	7.4	1.9
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	2,395	1,495	895	18.3	21.8	14.4
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	4,380	2,235	2,150	33.6	32.6	34.7
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	2,345	955	1,385	18.0	13.9	22.4
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,160	495	665	8.9	7.2	10.7
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	2,150	1,170	980	16.5	17.1	15.8
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	5,675	2,875	2,795	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	475	245	235	8.4	8.5	8.4
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	5,200	2,635	2,560	91.6	91.7	91.6
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	4,030	2,025	2,005	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	345	175	170	8.6	8.6	8.5
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	275	140	130	6.8	6.9	6.5
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	75	35	40	1.9	1.7	2.0
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	3,685	1,855	1,835	91.4	91.6	91.5

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
^r
revised

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 18, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

Language selection

Search and menus

Search

Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Symbol legend

Note(s):

Census Profile, 2021 Census of PopulationProfile table

Add a geography

Add or remove data

Symbol legend

Source

How to cite

Note(s):

Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table