Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Sainte-Thérèse, Ville (V)More information: Quebec [Census subdivision]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	26,533	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	25,989	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	2.1	...	...	2.1	...	...
Total private dwellings²	13,202	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	12,686	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	2,798.9	...	...	2,798.9	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	9.48	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	26,535	12,605	13,925	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	3,280	1,695	1,590	12.4	13.4	11.4
0 to 4 years	1,105	580	520	4.2	4.6	3.7
5 to 9 years	1,020	510	510	3.8	4.0	3.7
10 to 14 years	1,160	600	560	4.4	4.8	4.0
15 to 64 years	16,135	8,020	8,110	60.8	63.6	58.2
15 to 19 years	1,120	540	580	4.2	4.3	4.2
20 to 24 years	1,455	755	700	5.5	6.0	5.0
25 to 29 years	1,965	975	990	7.4	7.7	7.1
30 to 34 years	1,745	905	845	6.6	7.2	6.1
35 to 39 years	1,500	795	700	5.7	6.3	5.0
40 to 44 years	1,445	730	710	5.4	5.8	5.1
45 to 49 years	1,470	725	745	5.5	5.8	5.4
50 to 54 years	1,600	770	825	6.0	6.1	5.9
55 to 59 years	1,870	885	985	7.0	7.0	7.1
60 to 64 years	1,975	945	1,025	7.4	7.5	7.4
65 years and over	7,115	2,890	4,230	26.8	22.9	30.4
65 to 69 years	1,725	765	960	6.5	6.1	6.9
70 to 74 years	1,660	710	950	6.3	5.6	6.8
75 to 79 years	1,460	635	825	5.5	5.0	5.9
80 to 84 years	1,020	405	615	3.8	3.2	4.4
85 years and over	1,250	375	880	4.7	3.0	6.3
85 to 89 years	815	245	570	3.1	1.9	4.1
90 to 94 years	335	95	240	1.3	0.8	1.7
95 to 99 years	95	25	70	0.4	0.2	0.5
100 years and over	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	12.4	13.4	11.4	12.4	13.4	11.4
15 to 64 years	60.8	63.6	58.2	60.8	63.6	58.2
65 years and over	26.8	22.9	30.4	26.8	22.9	30.4
85 years and over	4.7	3.0	6.3	4.7	3.0	6.3
Average age of the population	46.6	44.4	48.5	46.6	44.4	48.5
Median age of the population	47.6	44.4	50.8	47.6	44.4	50.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	12,685	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	3,600	...	...	28.4	...	...
Semi-detached house	400	...	...	3.2	...	...
Row house	215	...	...	1.7	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	910	...	...	7.2	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	6,700	...	...	52.8	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	835	...	...	6.6	...	...
Other single-attached house	25	...	...	0.2	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	5	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	12,685	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	5,375	...	...	42.4	...	...
2 persons	4,540	...	...	35.8	...	...
3 persons	1,345	...	...	10.6	...	...
4 persons	975	...	...	7.7	...	...
5 or more persons	455	...	...	3.6	...	...
Number of persons in private households	24,850	12,060	12,790	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	23,250	10,915	12,340	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	11,335	5,620	5,715	48.8	51.5	46.3
Married	5,900	2,920	2,980	25.4	26.8	24.1
Living common-law	5,440	2,700	2,740	23.4	24.7	22.2
Living common law - Never married	4,215	2,070	2,145	18.1	19.0	17.4
Living common law - Separated	65	40	25	0.3	0.4	0.2
Living common law - Divorced	1,005	525	485	4.3	4.8	3.9
Living common law - Widowed	150	65	90	0.6	0.6	0.7
Not married and not living common-law	11,915	5,295	6,625	51.2	48.5	53.7
Not married and not living common law - Never married	7,400	3,850	3,550	31.8	35.3	28.8
Not married and not living common law - Separated	370	160	210	1.6	1.5	1.7
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	2,320	915	1,400	10.0	8.4	11.3
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	1,835	365	1,465	7.9	3.3	11.9
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	6,850	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	4,305	...	...	62.8	...	...
3 persons	1,260	...	...	18.4	...	...
4 persons	920	...	...	13.4	...	...
5 or more persons	370	...	...	5.4	...	...
Average size of census families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.7	...	...	1.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	6,855	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	5,425	...	...	79.1	...	...
Married couples	2,715	...	...	39.6	...	...
With children⁶	990	...	...	14.4	...	...
Without children	1,730	...	...	25.2	...	...
Common-law couples	2,705	...	...	39.5	...	...
With children⁶	1,070	...	...	15.6	...	...
Without children	1,635	...	...	23.9	...	...
Total one-parent families	1,430	...	...	20.9	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	1,075	...	...	15.7	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	350	...	...	5.1	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	24,850	12,060	12,790	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	18,025	8,830	9,195	72.5	73.2	71.9
Married spouses or common-law partners	10,845	5,405	5,440	43.6	44.8	42.5
Parents in one-parent families	1,425	355	1,075	5.7	2.9	8.4
Children⁶	5,750	3,065	2,685	23.1	25.4	21.0
In a two-parent family	3,695	1,970	1,720	14.9	16.3	13.4
In a one-parent family	2,055	1,100	960	8.3	9.1	7.5
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	6,825	3,235	3,590	27.5	26.8	28.1
Living alone	5,370	2,425	2,950	21.6	20.1	23.1
Living with other relatives⁷	450	195	250	1.8	1.6	2.0
Living with non-relatives only	1,005	615	395	4.0	5.1	3.1
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	12,685	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	6,450	...	...	50.8	...	...
Couple-family households	5,170	...	...	40.8	...	...
With children⁶	1,950	...	...	15.4	...	...
Without children	3,225	...	...	25.4	...	...
One-parent-family households	1,280	...	...	10.1	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	125	...	...	1.0	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	20	...	...	0.2	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	190	...	...	1.5	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	535	...	...	4.2	...	...
One-person households	5,370	...	...	42.3	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	21,570	10,365	11,205	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	21,115	10,155	10,960	97.9	98.0	97.8
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,200	46,000	36,800	41,200	46,000	36,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	21,125	10,160	10,965	97.9	98.0	97.9
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,400	40,000	33,200	36,400	40,000	33,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	19,095	9,375	9,720	88.5	90.4	86.7
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	32,800	39,600	27,200	32,800	39,600	27,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	15,310	7,865	7,450	71.0	75.9	66.5
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,200	40,400	30,200	35,200	40,400	30,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	18,105	8,335	9,770	83.9	80.4	87.2
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,700	10,300	12,800	11,700	10,300	12,800
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,820	1,490	1,335	13.1	14.4	11.9
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,480	5,480	5,480	5,480	5,480	5,480
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,660	3,515	3,140	30.9	33.9	28.0
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,000	6,000	8,000	7,000	6,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	21,565	10,380	11,190	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	21,145	10,150	11,000	98.1	97.8	98.3
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	49,560	55,800	43,800	49,560	55,800	43,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	21,150	10,150	11,000	98.1	97.8	98.3
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,200	45,040	37,640	41,200	45,040	37,640
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	19,170	9,375	9,790	88.9	90.3	87.5
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,880	49,920	36,200	42,880	49,920	36,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	15,315	7,770	7,535	71.0	74.9	67.3
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,920	48,720	36,920	42,920	48,720	36,920
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	18,230	8,385	9,845	84.5	80.8	88.0
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,350	11,680	12,920	12,350	11,680	12,920
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,750	1,480	1,270	12.8	14.3	11.3
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,540	6,155	6,980	6,540	6,155	6,980
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,955	3,665	3,290	32.3	35.3	29.4
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,010	7,680	8,390	8,010	7,680	8,390
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	21,565	10,375	11,190	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	6,950	3,630	3,320	32.2	35.0	29.7
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	55,200	61,200	50,000	55,200	61,200	50,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	63,600	70,800	55,750	63,600	70,800	55,750
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	6,570	3,155	3,415	30.5	30.4	30.5
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	20,000	26,200	16,800	20,000	26,200	16,800
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	29,000	34,360	24,040	29,000	34,360	24,040
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	78.6	82.8	73.6	78.6	82.8	73.6
Employment income (%)¹⁹	62.7	67.0	57.8	62.7	67.0	57.8
Government transfers (%)²⁰	21.5	17.3	26.4	21.5	17.3	26.4
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.7	1.6	1.9	1.7	1.6	1.9
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	6.1	5.5	6.7	6.1	5.5	6.7
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	5.3	5.0	5.7	5.3	5.0	5.7
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	21,570	10,365	11,200	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	450	210	240	2.1	2.0	2.1
With total income	21,115	10,155	10,960	97.9	98.0	97.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,150	490	660	5.4	4.8	6.0
$10,000 to $19,999	2,320	905	1,420	11.0	8.9	13.0
$20,000 to $29,999	3,645	1,480	2,160	17.3	14.6	19.7
$30,000 to $39,999	3,100	1,340	1,760	14.7	13.2	16.1
$40,000 to $49,999	2,965	1,415	1,550	14.0	13.9	14.1
$50,000 to $59,999	2,300	1,115	1,190	10.9	11.0	10.9
$60,000 to $69,999	1,595	865	725	7.6	8.5	6.6
$70,000 to $79,999	1,155	670	485	5.5	6.6	4.4
$80,000 to $89,999	845	480	365	4.0	4.7	3.3
$90,000 to $99,999	565	380	190	2.7	3.7	1.7
$100,000 and over	1,475	1,020	460	7.0	10.0	4.2
$100,000 to $149,999	1,045	700	340	4.9	6.9	3.1
$150,000 and over	435	320	115	2.1	3.2	1.0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	21,570	10,365	11,200	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	440	205	235	2.0	2.0	2.1
With after-tax income	21,125	10,165	10,960	97.9	98.1	97.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,260	515	740	6.0	5.1	6.8
$10,000 to $19,999	2,455	945	1,510	11.6	9.3	13.8
$20,000 to $29,999	4,355	1,805	2,545	20.6	17.8	23.2
$30,000 to $39,999	3,980	1,815	2,165	18.8	17.9	19.8
$40,000 to $49,999	3,335	1,655	1,680	15.8	16.3	15.3
$50,000 to $59,999	2,180	1,210	970	10.3	11.9	8.9
$60,000 to $69,999	1,410	795	615	6.7	7.8	5.6
$70,000 to $79,999	810	490	320	3.8	4.8	2.9
$80,000 to $89,999	480	325	155	2.3	3.2	1.4
$90,000 to $99,999	280	190	90	1.3	1.9	0.8
$100,000 and over	590	410	180	2.8	4.0	1.6
$100,000 to $124,999	330	210	115	1.6	2.1	1.0
$125,000 and over	260	195	65	1.2	1.9	0.6
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	21,570	10,365	11,200	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	6,260	2,500	3,755	29.0	24.1	33.5
With employment income	15,315	7,860	7,450	71.0	75.8	66.5
Under $5,000 (including loss)	2,020	985	1,030	13.2	12.5	13.8
$5,000 to $9,999	1,090	495	600	7.1	6.3	8.1
$10,000 to $19,999	1,990	875	1,115	13.0	11.1	15.0
$20,000 to $29,999	1,730	765	960	11.3	9.7	12.9
$30,000 to $39,999	1,640	770	870	10.7	9.8	11.7
$40,000 to $49,999	1,625	820	805	10.6	10.4	10.8
$50,000 to $59,999	1,305	680	625	8.5	8.7	8.4
$60,000 to $69,999	1,030	585	445	6.7	7.4	6.0
$70,000 to $79,999	765	485	280	5.0	6.2	3.8
$80,000 to $89,999	635	375	255	4.1	4.8	3.4
$90,000 to $99,999	395	260	135	2.6	3.3	1.8
$100,000 and over	1,085	765	320	7.1	9.7	4.3
$100,000 to $124,999	540	375	165	3.5	4.8	2.2
$125,000 and over	545	390	150	3.6	5.0	2.0
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	21,570	10,365	11,205	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	20,840	10,015	10,825	96.6	96.6	96.6
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,400	43,600	33,200	38,400	43,600	33,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	20,845	10,015	10,825	96.6	96.6	96.6
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,000	38,000	30,200	34,000	38,000	30,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	18,875	9,300	9,575	87.5	89.7	85.5
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,400	40,800	28,800	34,400	40,800	28,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	15,390	7,935	7,455	71.3	76.6	66.5
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,000	40,800	31,600	36,000	40,800	31,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	16,440	7,375	9,065	76.2	71.2	80.9
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,700	5,360	9,200	7,700	5,360	9,200
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	2,285	1,225	1,060	10.6	11.8	9.5
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,520	4,480	4,560	4,520	4,480	4,560
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	21,565	10,380	11,190	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	20,810	9,995	10,815	96.5	96.3	96.6
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	46,520	54,050	39,600	46,520	54,050	39,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	20,810	9,995	10,815	96.5	96.3	96.6
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,200	42,960	33,760	38,200	42,960	33,760
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	18,890	9,315	9,575	87.6	89.7	85.6
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	43,200	51,350	35,280	43,200	51,350	35,280
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	15,345	7,890	7,450	71.2	76.0	66.6
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	43,680	49,720	37,320	43,680	49,720	37,320
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	16,500	7,370	9,130	76.5	71.0	81.6
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,230	8,410	9,890	9,230	8,410	9,890
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,280	1,225	1,055	10.6	11.8	9.4
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,260	5,040	7,680	6,260	5,040	7,680
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	21,565	10,375	11,190	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	6,935	3,630	3,310	32.2	35.0	29.6
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	52,800	58,400	46,400	52,800	58,400	46,400
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	60,550	68,200	52,100	60,550	68,200	52,100
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	6,265	3,055	3,210	29.1	29.4	28.7
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	25,600	30,600	21,400	25,600	30,600	21,400
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	34,080	40,080	28,360	34,080	40,080	28,360
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	84.2	88.6	79.0	84.2	88.6	79.0
Employment income (%)	69.2	72.6	65.0	69.2	72.6	65.0
Government transfers (%)	15.7	11.5	21.1	15.7	11.5	21.1
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.5	1.1	1.9	1.5	1.1	1.9
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	12,685	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	65,000	...	...	65,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	56,400	...	...	56,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	5,370	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	40,400	...	...	40,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	35,600	...	...	35,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	7,315	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	91,000	...	...	91,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	78,500	...	...	78,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	12,685	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	82,600	...	...	82,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	68,700	...	...	68,700	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	5,380	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	48,520	...	...	48,520	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	41,320	...	...	41,320	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	7,310	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	107,600	...	...	107,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	88,800	...	...	88,800	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	12,690	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	80	...	...	0.6	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	65	...	...	0.5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	175	...	...	1.4	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	255	...	...	2.0	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	780	...	...	6.1	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	560	...	...	4.4	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	560	...	...	4.4	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	675	...	...	5.3	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	775	...	...	6.1	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	655	...	...	5.2	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,235	...	...	9.7	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,085	...	...	8.6	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	930	...	...	7.3	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	805	...	...	6.3	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	645	...	...	5.1	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,410	...	...	26.9	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,235	...	...	9.7	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	745	...	...	5.9	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	800	...	...	6.3	...	...
$200,000 and over	625	...	...	4.9	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	12,690	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	90	...	...	0.7	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	65	...	...	0.5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	175	...	...	1.4	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	265	...	...	2.1	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	865	...	...	6.8	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	705	...	...	5.6	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	760	...	...	6.0	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	880	...	...	6.9	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	855	...	...	6.7	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	780	...	...	6.1	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,370	...	...	10.8	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,180	...	...	9.3	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	940	...	...	7.4	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	805	...	...	6.3	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	620	...	...	4.9	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,310	...	...	18.2	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,020	...	...	8.0	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	585	...	...	4.6	...	...
$150,000 and over	710	...	...	5.6	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	6,910	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	92,000	...	...	92,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	79,000	...	...	79,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	3,265	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	85,000	...	...	85,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	73,500	...	...	73,500	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	2,070	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	129,000	...	...	129,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	108,000	...	...	108,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,395	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	67,000	...	...	67,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	60,000	...	...	60,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.5	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	6,375	3,030	3,345	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	39,200	42,800	36,400	39,200	42,800	36,400
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	34,800	37,200	32,800	34,800	37,200	32,800
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	6,890	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	108,800	...	...	108,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	89,500	...	...	89,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	3,255	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	99,700	...	...	99,700	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	81,800	...	...	81,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,075	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	146,600	...	...	146,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	118,800	...	...	118,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,400	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	75,600	...	...	75,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	65,300	...	...	65,300	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	6,410	3,010	3,395	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	46,480	48,400	44,760	46,480	48,400	44,760
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	39,640	40,160	39,240	39,640	40,160	39,240
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	24,850	12,055	12,795	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	3,925	2,000	1,925	15.8	16.6	15.0
0 to 5 years	1,310	705	605	5.3	5.8	4.7
18 to 64 years	15,435	7,690	7,750	62.1	63.8	60.6
65 years and over	5,485	2,370	3,115	22.1	19.7	24.3
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	2,890	1,220	1,670	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	435	215	215	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	130	70	55	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	1,490	705	785	...	...	...
65 years and over	970	290	675	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	11.6	10.1	13.1	11.6	10.1	13.1
0 to 17 years (%)	11.0	10.9	11.2	11.0	10.9	11.2
0 to 5 years (%)	9.8	9.6	9.6	9.8	9.6	9.6
18 to 64 years (%)	9.7	9.2	10.1	9.7	9.2	10.1
65 years and over (%)	17.6	12.4	21.6	17.6	12.4	21.6
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	24,850	12,060	12,790	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	3,930	2,005	1,930	15.8	16.6	15.1
0 to 5 years	1,310	705	600	5.3	5.8	4.7
18 to 64 years	15,435	7,685	7,745	62.1	63.7	60.6
65 years and over	5,485	2,370	3,115	22.1	19.7	24.4
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	1,630	745	885	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	245	125	120	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	75	35	35	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	1,075	520	550	...	...	...
65 years and over	310	95	215	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	6.6	6.2	6.9	6.6	6.2	6.9
0 to 17 years (%)	6.2	6.2	6.1	6.2	6.2	6.1
0 to 5 years (%)	5.6	5.6	6.0	5.6	5.6	6.0
18 to 64 years (%)	7.0	6.8	7.1	7.0	6.8	7.1
65 years and over (%)	5.6	4.0	6.9	5.6	4.0	6.9
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	24,850	12,055	12,790	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	14,905	6,920	7,980	60.0	57.4	62.4
In bottom decile	2,535	1,130	1,405	10.2	9.4	11.0
In second decile	2,995	1,310	1,685	12.1	10.9	13.2
In third decile	3,220	1,490	1,730	13.0	12.4	13.5
In fourth decile	3,230	1,535	1,695	13.0	12.7	13.3
In fifth decile	2,925	1,460	1,465	11.8	12.1	11.5
In top half of the distribution	9,950	5,135	4,810	40.0	42.6	37.6
In sixth decile	2,435	1,265	1,175	9.8	10.5	9.2
In seventh decile	2,480	1,290	1,195	10.0	10.7	9.3
In eighth decile	2,015	1,040	980	8.1	8.6	7.7
In ninth decile	1,645	850	795	6.6	7.1	6.2
In top decile	1,370	695	670	5.5	5.8	5.2
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	24,850	...	...	24,850	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.307	...	...	0.307	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.437	...	...	0.437	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.266	...	...	0.266	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.3	...	...	3.3	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	25,630	12,380	13,245	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	230	125	105	0.9	1.0	0.8
French only	11,615	4,990	6,620	45.3	40.3	50.0
English and French	13,685	7,215	6,465	53.4	58.3	48.8
Neither English nor French	100	50	55	0.4	0.4	0.4
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	25,630	12,380	13,245	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	1,255	660	595	4.9	5.3	4.5
French	23,755	11,425	12,330	92.7	92.3	93.1
English and French	530	260	270	2.1	2.1	2.0
Neither English nor French	90	40	55	0.4	0.3	0.4
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	25,630	12,380	13,245	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	24,845	11,980	12,860	96.9	96.8	97.1
Official languages	23,065	11,115	11,945	90.0	89.8	90.2
English	820	440	380	3.2	3.6	2.9
French	22,250	10,680	11,565	86.8	86.3	87.3
Non-official languages	1,785	865	920	7.0	7.0	6.9
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,785	865	920	7.0	7.0	6.9
Afro-Asiatic languages	375	195	180	1.5	1.6	1.4
Berber languages	20	15	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Kabyle	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	355	180	175	1.4	1.5	1.3
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	355	180	175	1.4	1.5	1.3
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	40	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Khmer (Cambodian)	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Vietnamese	20	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	15	5	5	0.1	0.0	0.0
Merina	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	70	35	35	0.3	0.3	0.3
Haitian Creole	55	25	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,150	545	600	4.5	4.4	4.5
Albanian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	55	30	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Balto-Slavic languages	85	40	50	0.3	0.3	0.4
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	85	40	50	0.3	0.3	0.4
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	15	5	5	0.1	0.0	0.0
Russian	50	20	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	15	5	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
German	15	5	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	45	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Indo-Iranian languages	50	25	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Indo-Aryan languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	40	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	40	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	40	15	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	875	420	460	3.4	3.4	3.5
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	170	80	85	0.7	0.6	0.6
Portuguese	225	115	105	0.9	0.9	0.8
Romanian	115	50	60	0.4	0.4	0.5
Spanish	375	170	205	1.5	1.4	1.5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	40	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
Chinese languages	40	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	30	10	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Lao	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Thai	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	785	395	390	3.1	3.2	2.9
English and French	460	230	225	1.8	1.9	1.7
English and non-official language(s)	60	35	30	0.2	0.3	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	205	100	105	0.8	0.8	0.8
English, French and non-official language(s)	45	25	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Multiple non-official languages	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	25,630	12,380	13,245	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	610	325	290	2.4	2.6	2.2
French	21,265	10,170	11,100	83.0	82.1	83.8
Non-official language	435	210	225	1.7	1.7	1.7
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	435	210	225	1.7	1.7	1.7
English and French	1,830	950	880	7.1	7.7	6.6
English and non-official language(s)	150	75	70	0.6	0.6	0.5
French and non-official language(s)	780	380	400	3.0	3.1	3.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	530	265	270	2.1	2.1	2.0
Multiple non-official languages	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	25,630	12,380	13,245	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	24,845	11,990	12,860	96.9	96.8	97.1
Official languages	24,045	11,600	12,445	93.8	93.7	94.0
English	1,020	535	490	4.0	4.3	3.7
French	23,025	11,070	11,955	89.8	89.4	90.3
Non-official languages	805	390	410	3.1	3.2	3.1
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	805	390	410	3.1	3.2	3.1
Afro-Asiatic languages	170	90	85	0.7	0.7	0.6
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	165	85	80	0.6	0.7	0.6
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	165	85	80	0.6	0.7	0.6
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Vietnamese	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	30	20	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Haitian Creole	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	505	235	270	2.0	1.9	2.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	40	25	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Balto-Slavic languages	30	20	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	30	20	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Iranian languages	30	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Indo-Aryan languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	370	165	200	1.4	1.3	1.5
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Portuguese	70	30	40	0.3	0.2	0.3
Romanian	70	30	35	0.3	0.2	0.3
Spanish	195	90	105	0.8	0.7	0.8
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	25	5	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Chinese languages	25	5	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	20	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	785	390	390	3.1	3.2	2.9
English and French	405	215	195	1.6	1.7	1.5
English and non-official language(s)	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	240	110	135	0.9	0.9	1.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	90	45	45	0.4	0.4	0.3
Multiple non-official languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	25,630	12,385	13,250	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	22,990	11,045	11,945	89.7	89.2	90.2
English	1,285	660	625	5.0	5.3	4.7
French	495	240	255	1.9	1.9	1.9
Non-official language	485	240	240	1.9	1.9	1.8
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	485	240	240	1.9	1.9	1.8
English and French	85	45	35	0.3	0.4	0.3
English and non-official language(s)	195	95	105	0.8	0.8	0.8
French and non-official language(s)	65	35	30	0.3	0.3	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	25	15	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	24,850	12,060	12,795	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	24,755	12,020	12,735	99.6	99.7	99.5
English	13,630	7,195	6,435	54.8	59.7	50.3
French	24,540	11,910	12,635	98.8	98.8	98.7
Non-official languages	3,405	1,680	1,725	13.7	13.9	13.5
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	3,405	1,680	1,725	13.7	13.9	13.5
Afro-Asiatic languages	595	320	280	2.4	2.7	2.2
Berber languages	30	20	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Kabyle	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tamazight	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	580	305	270	2.3	2.5	2.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	575	310	270	2.3	2.6	2.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	40	30	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Vietnamese	30	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	60	25	40	0.2	0.2	0.3
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	40	15	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	250	140	110	1.0	1.2	0.9
Haitian Creole	240	130	110	1.0	1.1	0.9
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	2,300	1,120	1,180	9.3	9.3	9.2
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	70	35	35	0.3	0.3	0.3
Balto-Slavic languages	80	40	40	0.3	0.3	0.3
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	80	40	40	0.3	0.3	0.3
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	40	25	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	90	45	45	0.4	0.4	0.4
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	60	35	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
German	60	35	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	95	60	35	0.4	0.5	0.3
Indo-Iranian languages	70	35	35	0.3	0.3	0.3
Indo-Aryan languages	20	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	50	25	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,940	930	1,010	7.8	7.7	7.9
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	325	165	160	1.3	1.4	1.3
Portuguese	350	205	150	1.4	1.7	1.2
Romanian	135	60	75	0.5	0.5	0.6
Spanish	1,275	575	700	5.1	4.8	5.5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	105	50	55	0.4	0.4	0.4
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	50	25	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	45	15	30	0.2	0.1	0.2
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	35	10	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
Sign languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	50	15	35	0.2	0.1	0.3
Chinese languages	50	15	35	0.2	0.1	0.3
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	40	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	30	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Lao	30	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	30	20	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	30	20	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	24,850	12,060	12,790	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	385	175	215	1.5	1.5	1.7
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	365	165	205	1.5	1.4	1.6
First Nations (North American Indian)	245	120	130	1.0	1.0	1.0
Métis	125	45	70	0.5	0.4	0.5
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	10	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Non-Indigenous identity	24,465	11,885	12,575	98.5	98.5	98.3
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	24,850	12,060	12,790	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	55	25	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	24,795	12,030	12,765	99.8	99.8	99.8
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	12,685	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	5,900	...	...	46.5	...	...
Renter	6,785	...	...	53.5	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	12,685	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	2,990	...	...	23.6	...	...
Not condominium	9,690	...	...	76.4	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	12,685	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	50	...	...	0.4	...	...
1 bedroom	2,235	...	...	17.6	...	...
2 bedrooms	5,450	...	...	43.0	...	...
3 bedrooms	3,270	...	...	25.8	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,680	...	...	13.2	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	12,685	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	6,425	...	...	50.7	...	...
5 rooms	2,205	...	...	17.4	...	...
6 rooms	890	...	...	7.0	...	...
7 rooms	855	...	...	6.7	...	...
8 or more rooms	2,315	...	...	18.2	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.3	...	...	5.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	12,685	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	12,625	...	...	99.5	...	...
More than one person per room	65	...	...	0.5	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	12,685	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	12,375	...	...	97.6	...	...
Not suitable	315	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	12,685	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	1,970	...	...	15.5	...	...
1961 to 1980	4,300	...	...	33.9	...	...
1981 to 1990	2,360	...	...	18.6	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,390	...	...	11.0	...	...
2001 to 2005	795	...	...	6.3	...	...
2006 to 2010	690	...	...	5.4	...	...
2011 to 2015	495	...	...	3.9	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	685	...	...	5.4	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	12,685	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	11,990	...	...	94.5	...	...
Major repairs needed	695	...	...	5.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	12,685	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	7,835	...	...	61.8	...	...
Two-maintainer household	4,635	...	...	36.5	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	220	...	...	1.7	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	12,685	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	425	...	...	3.4	...	...
25 to 34 years	2,020	...	...	15.9	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,830	...	...	14.4	...	...
45 to 54 years	2,055	...	...	16.2	...	...
55 to 64 years	2,540	...	...	20.0	...	...
65 to 74 years	2,175	...	...	17.1	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,335	...	...	10.5	...	...
85 years and over	310	...	...	2.4	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	12,660	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	10,080	...	...	79.6	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	2,580	...	...	20.4	...	...
30% to less than 100%	2,480	...	...	19.6	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	12,685	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	3,380	...	...	26.6	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	2,395	...	...	18.9	...	...
Not suitable only	245	...	...	1.9	...	...
Major repairs needed only	530	...	...	4.2	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	40	...	...	0.3	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	135	...	...	1.1	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	20	...	...	0.2	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	10	...	...	0.1	...	...
Acceptable housing	9,305	...	...	73.4	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	12,555	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	1,245	...	...	9.9	...	...
Not in core need	11,305	...	...	90.0	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	5,900	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	63.8	...	...	63.8	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	12.0	...	...	12.0	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,140	...	...	1,140	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,221	...	...	1,221	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	348,000	...	...	348,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	366,400	...	...	366,400	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	6,785	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	4.7	...	...	4.7	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	27.7	...	...	27.7	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	16.1	...	...	16.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	850	...	...	850	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	919	...	...	919	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	24,850	12,060	12,790	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	385	175	215	1.5	1.5	1.7
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	385	175	215	1.5	1.5	1.7
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	350	160	195	1.4	1.3	1.5
Métis single ancestry	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	700	330	370	2.8	2.7	2.9
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	695	330	370	2.8	2.7	2.9
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	630	300	330	2.5	2.5	2.6
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	65	25	40	0.3	0.2	0.3
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	23,760	11,555	12,205	95.6	95.8	95.4
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	24,850	12,060	12,790	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	24,210	11,715	12,500	97.4	97.1	97.7
Canadian citizens aged under 18	3,880	1,965	1,910	15.6	16.3	14.9
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	20,335	9,745	10,585	81.8	80.8	82.8
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	635	345	295	2.6	2.9	2.3
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	24,850	12,060	12,790	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	22,715	10,865	11,850	91.4	90.1	92.7
Immigrants⁸¹	1,975	1,105	870	7.9	9.2	6.8
Before 1980	400	250	155	1.6	2.1	1.2
1980 to 1990	175	95	80	0.7	0.8	0.6
1991 to 2000	210	140	70	0.8	1.2	0.5
2001 to 2010	525	310	210	2.1	2.6	1.6
2011 to 2021⁸²	665	315	350	2.7	2.6	2.7
2011 to 2015	410	205	200	1.6	1.7	1.6
2016 to 2021	255	105	155	1.0	0.9	1.2
Non-permanent residents⁸³	160	90	70	0.6	0.7	0.5
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	1,975	1,105	870	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	205	120	80	10.4	10.9	9.2
5 to 14 years	380	240	140	19.2	21.7	16.1
15 to 24 years	375	210	165	19.0	19.0	19.0
25 to 44 years	905	470	435	45.8	42.5	50.0
45 years and over	110	65	45	5.6	5.9	5.2
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	1,975	1,105	870	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	480	240	240	24.3	21.7	27.6
Brazil	20	0	20	1.0	0.0	2.3
Colombia	90	45	45	4.6	4.1	5.2
El Salvador	20	10	10	1.0	0.9	1.1
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	130	70	55	6.6	6.3	6.3
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	45	20	25	2.3	1.8	2.9
Peru	20	15	10	1.0	1.4	1.1
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	30	20	10	1.5	1.8	1.1
Other places of birth in Americas	125	65	60	6.3	5.9	6.9
Europe	720	430	290	36.5	38.9	33.3
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	225	125	100	11.4	11.3	11.5
Germany	10	10	0	0.5	0.9	0.0
Greece	10	10	0	0.5	0.9	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	95	50	40	4.8	4.5	4.6
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portugal	135	80	55	6.8	7.2	6.3
Romania	110	65	50	5.6	5.9	5.7
Russian Federation	25	10	10	1.3	0.9	1.1
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	10	0	0	0.5	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	10	10	0	0.5	0.9	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	85	55	25	4.3	5.0	2.9
Africa	480	265	210	24.3	24.0	24.1
Algeria	85	55	30	4.3	5.0	3.4
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	10	0	10	0.5	0.0	1.1
Egypt	105	65	40	5.3	5.9	4.6
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	105	55	50	5.3	5.0	5.7
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	175	90	85	8.9	8.1	9.8
Asia	290	165	125	14.7	14.9	14.4
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	35	20	20	1.8	1.8	2.3
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	40	30	10	2.0	2.7	1.1
Syria⁸⁹	75	35	45	3.8	3.2	5.2
Turkey	10	0	0	0.5	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	30	10	20	1.5	0.9	2.3
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	10	10	10	0.5	0.9	1.1
Viet Nam	15	10	10	0.8	0.9	1.1
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	10	10	0	0.5	0.9	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	40	30	10	2.0	2.7	1.1
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	255	105	150	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	90	30	60	35.3	28.6	40.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	45	15	25	17.6	14.3	16.7
Haiti	15	0	10	5.9	0.0	6.7
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	25	10	20	9.8	9.5	13.3
Europe	20	0	10	7.8	0.0	6.7
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	10	3.9	0.0	6.7
Africa	65	35	30	25.5	33.3	20.0
Algeria	10	10	0	3.9	9.5	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	15	0	10	5.9	0.0	6.7
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	15	10	0	5.9	9.5	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	80	30	45	31.4	28.6	30.0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	10	0	10	3.9	0.0	6.7
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	10	10	0	3.9	9.5	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	45	10	35	17.6	9.5	23.3
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	24,850	12,060	12,795	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	2,265	1,250	1,020	9.1	10.4	8.0
Second generation¹⁰¹	2,020	1,005	1,015	8.1	8.3	7.9
Third generation or more¹⁰²	20,565	9,810	10,755	82.8	81.3	84.1
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	1,570	855	715	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	840	470	370	53.5	55.0	51.7
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	340	205	135	21.7	24.0	18.9
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	500	260	240	31.8	30.4	33.6
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	445	210	230	28.3	24.6	32.2
Refugees¹⁰⁸	275	170	110	17.5	19.9	15.4
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	15	0	10	1.0	0.0	1.4
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	1,570	855	715	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	145	105	40	9.2	12.3	5.6
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	105	50	55	6.7	5.8	7.7
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	45	25	20	2.9	2.9	2.8
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	50	30	15	3.2	3.5	2.1
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	20	0	15	1.3	0.0	2.1
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	1,210	640	570	77.1	74.9	79.7
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	24,850	12,060	12,790	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	1,830	955	875	7.4	7.9	6.8
South Asian	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Chinese	70	15	50	0.3	0.1	0.4
Black	625	355	270	2.5	2.9	2.1
Filipino	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Arab	505	265	230	2.0	2.2	1.8
Latin American	380	170	210	1.5	1.4	1.6
Southeast Asian	90	55	40	0.4	0.5	0.3
West Asian	65	35	30	0.3	0.3	0.2
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple visible minorities	30	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	23,015	11,105	11,910	92.6	92.1	93.1
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	24,850	12,055	12,790	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	7,830	3,560	4,265	31.5	29.5	33.3
English	415	255	160	1.7	2.1	1.3
Irish	1,285	640	645	5.2	5.3	5.0
Scottish	455	200	255	1.8	1.7	2.0
French, n.o.s.¹²²	6,435	3,160	3,270	25.9	26.2	25.6
German	340	140	195	1.4	1.2	1.5
Chinese	95	40	55	0.4	0.3	0.4
Italian	1,090	580	515	4.4	4.8	4.0
Indian (India)	30	20	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Ukrainian	85	40	45	0.3	0.3	0.4
Dutch	50	15	30	0.2	0.1	0.2
Polish	85	30	50	0.3	0.2	0.4
Québécois	3,770	1,810	1,960	15.2	15.0	15.3
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	105	40	65	0.4	0.3	0.5
Filipino	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
French Canadian	1,780	835	945	7.2	6.9	7.4
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	455	230	230	1.8	1.9	1.8
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	580	270	310	2.3	2.2	2.4
Métis	105	40	65	0.4	0.3	0.5
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	270	150	125	1.1	1.2	1.0
Russian	70	35	35	0.3	0.3	0.3
Norwegian	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Welsh	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Portuguese	460	265	195	1.9	2.2	1.5
American	150	70	80	0.6	0.6	0.6
Spanish	255	150	105	1.0	1.2	0.8
Swedish	25	20	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Hungarian	75	20	55	0.3	0.2	0.4
Acadian	250	125	125	1.0	1.0	1.0
Pakistani	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	125	70	60	0.5	0.6	0.5
Jewish	25	20	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	35	30	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	165	90	75	0.7	0.7	0.6
Greek	185	105	80	0.7	0.9	0.6
Jamaican	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	150	75	75	0.6	0.6	0.6
Lebanese	150	75	75	0.6	0.6	0.6
Iranian	60	20	35	0.2	0.2	0.3
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	185	90	95	0.7	0.7	0.7
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	100	50	55	0.4	0.4	0.4
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Belgian	240	120	115	1.0	1.0	0.9
Haitian	245	170	70	1.0	1.4	0.5
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	75	40	30	0.3	0.3	0.2
Mennonite	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	70	50	20	0.3	0.4	0.2
Finnish	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	50	20	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Egyptian	125	60	70	0.5	0.5	0.5
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	125	45	80	0.5	0.4	0.6
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombian	80	40	40	0.3	0.3	0.3
Moroccan	140	60	80	0.6	0.5	0.6
Czech	40	15	30	0.2	0.1	0.2
Syrian	85	45	40	0.3	0.4	0.3
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	25	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	45	25	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	80	35	45	0.3	0.3	0.4
Brazilian	30	10	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	70	35	35	0.3	0.3	0.3
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	55	25	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	90	40	45	0.4	0.3	0.4
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Congolese	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Peruvian	45	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Berber	40	30	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
New Brunswicker	70	40	30	0.3	0.3	0.2
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	35	30	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	45	30	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	55	25	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Bosnian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Franco Ontarian	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Argentinian	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Coptic	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	25	20	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	95	45	50	0.4	0.4	0.4
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	55	35	25	0.2	0.3	0.2
Norman	30	20	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	50	30	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Atikamekw	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	15	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	24,850	12,060	12,790	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	55	20	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Christian	16,260	7,570	8,685	65.4	62.8	67.9
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	1,410	720	690	5.7	6.0	5.4
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	55	30	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Baptist	95	45	50	0.4	0.4	0.4
Catholic	13,850	6,365	7,485	55.7	52.8	58.5
Christian Orthodox	300	150	145	1.2	1.2	1.1
Jehovah's Witness	115	60	50	0.5	0.5	0.4
Latter Day Saints	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Lutheran	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	90	35	50	0.4	0.3	0.4
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	315	145	170	1.3	1.2	1.3
Hindu	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Jewish	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Muslim	500	255	250	2.0	2.1	2.0
Sikh	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	85	35	55	0.3	0.3	0.4
No religion and secular perspectives	7,920	4,160	3,760	31.9	34.5	29.4
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	24,630	11,935	12,695	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	21,235	10,295	10,940	86.2	86.3	86.2
Movers	3,395	1,640	1,755	13.8	13.7	13.8
Non-migrants	1,095	530	570	4.4	4.4	4.5
Migrants	2,300	1,110	1,190	9.3	9.3	9.4
Internal migrants	2,185	1,055	1,125	8.9	8.8	8.9
Intraprovincial migrants	2,140	1,040	1,100	8.7	8.7	8.7
Interprovincial migrants	40	15	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
External migrants	115	55	65	0.5	0.5	0.5
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	23,745	11,485	12,260	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	12,230	5,855	6,375	51.5	51.0	52.0
Movers	11,515	5,630	5,885	48.5	49.0	48.0
Non-migrants	2,260	1,080	1,180	9.5	9.4	9.6
Migrants	9,250	4,550	4,705	39.0	39.6	38.4
Internal migrants	8,905	4,375	4,530	37.5	38.1	36.9
Intraprovincial migrants	8,850	4,345	4,505	37.3	37.8	36.7
Interprovincial migrants	60	35	25	0.3	0.3	0.2
External migrants	345	165	175	1.5	1.4	1.4
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	21,565	10,375	11,190	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	4,540	2,410	2,130	21.1	23.2	19.0
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	17,030	7,970	9,055	79.0	76.8	80.9
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	13,465	6,655	6,810	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	2,275	1,355	925	16.9	20.4	13.6
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	11,190	5,300	5,890	83.1	79.6	86.5
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	21,570	10,380	11,190	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	3,985	2,025	1,970	18.5	19.5	17.6
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	5,090	2,380	2,710	23.6	22.9	24.2
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,490	5,975	6,510	57.9	57.6	58.2
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	8,465	4,235	4,230	39.2	40.8	37.8
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	3,670	2,205	1,460	17.0	21.2	13.0
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	2,640	1,330	1,310	12.2	12.8	11.7
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	1,030	885	150	4.8	8.5	1.3
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	3,975	1,740	2,235	18.4	16.8	20.0
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	815	285	530	3.8	2.7	4.7
Bachelor's degree or higher	4,025	1,745	2,280	18.7	16.8	20.4
Bachelor's degree	2,695	1,125	1,575	12.5	10.8	14.1
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	335	140	190	1.6	1.3	1.7
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	115	55	60	0.5	0.5	0.5
Master's degree	785	360	425	3.6	3.5	3.8
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	95	65	30	0.4	0.6	0.3
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	13,470	6,650	6,815	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,850	1,060	790	13.7	15.9	11.6
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	2,495	1,215	1,280	18.5	18.3	18.8
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	9,125	4,380	4,745	67.7	65.9	69.6
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	6,085	3,160	2,930	45.2	47.5	43.0
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,795	1,725	1,070	20.7	25.9	15.7
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	1,970	1,005	965	14.6	15.1	14.2
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	830	720	105	6.2	10.8	1.5
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	2,745	1,225	1,525	20.4	18.4	22.4
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	540	210	335	4.0	3.2	4.9
Bachelor's degree or higher	3,040	1,220	1,820	22.6	18.3	26.7
Bachelor's degree	2,050	815	1,230	15.2	12.3	18.0
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	270	100	170	2.0	1.5	2.5
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	65	15	50	0.5	0.2	0.7
Master's degree	595	255	340	4.4	3.8	5.0
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	65	35	25	0.5	0.5	0.4
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	21,570	10,380	11,190	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	9,075	4,400	4,680	42.1	42.4	41.8
Education	905	210	690	4.2	2.0	6.2
13. Education	905	210	690	4.2	2.0	6.2
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	505	215	290	2.3	2.1	2.6
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	80	65	15	0.4	0.6	0.1
50. Visual and performing arts	425	155	275	2.0	1.5	2.5
Humanities	700	250	445	3.2	2.4	4.0
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	100	0	90	0.5	0.0	0.8
23. English language and literature/letters	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	410	185	225	1.9	1.8	2.0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
54. History	50	30	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	90	15	75	0.4	0.1	0.7
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,160	395	760	5.4	3.8	6.8
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	150	40	110	0.7	0.4	1.0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	205	15	185	1.0	0.1	1.7
22. Legal professions and studies	185	85	95	0.9	0.8	0.8
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	50	20	35	0.2	0.2	0.3
42. Psychology	240	70	165	1.1	0.7	1.5
45. Social sciences	310	155	155	1.4	1.5	1.4
Business, management and public administration	2,950	1,075	1,875	13.7	10.4	16.8
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	160	15	145	0.7	0.1	1.3
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,785	1,060	1,730	12.9	10.2	15.5
Physical and life sciences and technologies	455	235	220	2.1	2.3	2.0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	195	65	130	0.9	0.6	1.2
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	60	45	20	0.3	0.4	0.2
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	60	30	25	0.3	0.3	0.2
40. Physical sciences	120	85	35	0.6	0.8	0.3
41. Science technologies/technicians	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	550	375	175	2.5	3.6	1.6
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	445	350	95	2.1	3.4	0.8
25. Library science	65	0	55	0.3	0.0	0.5
27. Mathematics and statistics	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	2,550	2,290	260	11.8	22.1	2.3
04. Architecture and related services	120	85	35	0.6	0.8	0.3
14. Engineering	355	270	80	1.6	2.6	0.7
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	525	455	65	2.4	4.4	0.6
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	710	690	25	3.3	6.6	0.2
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	555	530	20	2.6	5.1	0.2
48. Precision production	280	260	25	1.3	2.5	0.2
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	205	90	120	1.0	0.9	1.1
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	145	50	95	0.7	0.5	0.8
03. Natural resources and conservation	60	35	25	0.3	0.3	0.2
Health and related fields	1,415	235	1,180	6.6	2.3	10.5
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	95	40	60	0.4	0.4	0.5
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,290	185	1,105	6.0	1.8	9.9
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,105	610	490	5.1	5.9	4.4
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	520	150	370	2.4	1.4	3.3
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
43. Security and protective services	290	205	85	1.3	2.0	0.8
49. Transportation and materials moving	280	245	40	1.3	2.4	0.4
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	13,465	6,655	6,815	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	4,345	2,275	2,070	32.3	34.2	30.4
Education	550	115	430	4.1	1.7	6.3
13. Education	550	115	430	4.1	1.7	6.3
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	400	180	220	3.0	2.7	3.2
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	70	55	15	0.5	0.8	0.2
50. Visual and performing arts	330	120	205	2.5	1.8	3.0
Humanities	445	180	265	3.3	2.7	3.9
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	70	10	65	0.5	0.2	1.0
23. English language and literature/letters	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.3
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	255	145	110	1.9	2.2	1.6
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
54. History	40	20	15	0.3	0.3	0.2
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	55	0	55	0.4	0.0	0.8
Social and behavioural sciences and law	870	265	610	6.5	4.0	9.0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	130	35	100	1.0	0.5	1.5
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	180	10	170	1.3	0.2	2.5
22. Legal professions and studies	110	40	75	0.8	0.6	1.1
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	20	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
42. Psychology	180	45	140	1.3	0.7	2.1
45. Social sciences	235	120	115	1.7	1.8	1.7
Business, management and public administration	2,135	740	1,395	15.9	11.1	20.5
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	115	10	110	0.9	0.2	1.6
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,020	730	1,285	15.0	11.0	18.9
Physical and life sciences and technologies	270	120	150	2.0	1.8	2.2
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	145	45	105	1.1	0.7	1.5
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	35	20	15	0.3	0.3	0.2
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	70	40	25	0.5	0.6	0.4
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	430	290	145	3.2	4.4	2.1
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	365	280	80	2.7	4.2	1.2
25. Library science	45	0	45	0.3	0.0	0.7
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	2,005	1,775	230	14.9	26.7	3.4
04. Architecture and related services	90	70	20	0.7	1.1	0.3
14. Engineering	285	205	75	2.1	3.1	1.1
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	410	345	65	3.0	5.2	1.0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	590	570	25	4.4	8.6	0.4
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	420	400	20	3.1	6.0	0.3
48. Precision production	210	190	20	1.6	2.9	0.3
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	150	70	85	1.1	1.1	1.2
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	110	40	65	0.8	0.6	1.0
03. Natural resources and conservation	45	30	10	0.3	0.5	0.1
Health and related fields	990	145	845	7.4	2.2	12.4
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	85	30	50	0.6	0.5	0.7
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	890	115	785	6.6	1.7	11.5
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Personal, protective and transportation services	875	505	375	6.5	7.6	5.5
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	390	120	270	2.9	1.8	4.0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
43. Security and protective services	250	180	70	1.9	2.7	1.0
49. Transportation and materials moving	225	190	40	1.7	2.9	0.6
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	13,465	6,655	6,815	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,345	2,275	2,070	32.3	34.2	30.4
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	9,120	4,380	4,745	67.7	65.8	69.6
Location of study inside Canada	8,555	4,105	4,450	63.5	61.7	65.3
Same as province or territory of residence	8,465	4,045	4,420	62.9	60.8	64.9
Different than province or territory of residence	95	60	30	0.7	0.9	0.4
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	565	270	290	4.2	4.1	4.3
Americas	170	90	75	1.3	1.4	1.1
United States of America	30	25	10	0.2	0.4	0.1
Mexico	35	15	20	0.3	0.2	0.3
Cuba	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Haiti	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Colombia	35	15	25	0.3	0.2	0.4
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Europe	175	90	85	1.3	1.4	1.2
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	100	50	50	0.7	0.8	0.7
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	25	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	20	10	15	0.1	0.2	0.2
Africa	155	70	80	1.2	1.1	1.2
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Morocco	35	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.3
Tunisia	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Egypt	45	20	25	0.3	0.3	0.4
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	60	30	30	0.4	0.5	0.4
Asia	70	20	50	0.5	0.3	0.7
Iran⁸⁸	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	20	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Syria⁸⁹	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	21,570	10,380	11,190	...	...	...
In the labour force	13,995	7,130	6,860	...	...	...
Employed	12,905	6,565	6,345	...	...	...
Unemployed	1,085	570	515	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	7,575	3,250	4,330	...	...	...
Participation rate	64.9	68.7	61.3	64.9	68.7	61.3
Employment rate	59.8	63.2	56.7	59.8	63.2	56.7
Unemployment rate	7.8	8.0	7.5	7.8	8.0	7.5
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	21,570	10,380	11,190	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	7,555	3,300	4,255	35.0	31.8	38.0
Worked	14,010	7,080	6,930	65.0	68.2	61.9
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	7,075	3,715	3,360	32.8	35.8	30.0
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	6,935	3,360	3,575	32.2	32.4	31.9
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.4	41.8	41.0	41.4	41.8	41.0
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	13,995	7,130	6,865	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	290	160	130	2.1	2.2	1.9
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	13,710	6,970	6,735	98.0	97.8	98.1
Employee	12,145	6,055	6,090	86.8	84.9	88.7
Permanent position	10,255	5,165	5,090	73.3	72.4	74.1
Temporary position	1,890	890	1,000	13.5	12.5	14.6
Fixed term (1 year or more)	680	295	390	4.9	4.1	5.7
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	1,205	600	610	8.6	8.4	8.9
Self-employed¹⁹²	1,565	920	650	11.2	12.9	9.5
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	13,995	7,130	6,865	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	290	160	130	2.1	2.2	1.9
All occupations¹⁹¹	13,710	6,970	6,735	98.0	97.8	98.1
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	300	220	80	2.1	3.1	1.2
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,315	745	1,570	16.5	10.4	22.9
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,055	755	300	7.5	10.6	4.4
3 Health occupations	1,005	205	795	7.2	2.9	11.6
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,625	515	1,110	11.6	7.2	16.2
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	490	225	260	3.5	3.2	3.8
6 Sales and service occupations	3,785	1,655	2,125	27.0	23.2	31.0
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,240	2,035	200	16.0	28.5	2.9
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	190	145	40	1.4	2.0	0.6
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	710	470	245	5.1	6.6	3.6
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	13,995	7,130	6,865	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	290	160	130	2.1	2.2	1.9
All industries¹⁹¹	13,710	6,970	6,735	98.0	97.8	98.1
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	60	30	35	0.4	0.4	0.5
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	30	25	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
22 Utilities	100	70	30	0.7	1.0	0.4
23 Construction	1,235	1,060	175	8.8	14.9	2.5
31-33 Manufacturing	1,500	1,005	495	10.7	14.1	7.2
41 Wholesale trade	605	395	210	4.3	5.5	3.1
44-45 Retail trade	1,925	890	1,035	13.8	12.5	15.1
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	745	530	210	5.3	7.4	3.1
51 Information and cultural industries	275	135	145	2.0	1.9	2.1
52 Finance and insurance	460	165	295	3.3	2.3	4.3
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	235	120	110	1.7	1.7	1.6
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,035	555	485	7.4	7.8	7.1
55 Management of companies and enterprises	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	585	340	245	4.2	4.8	3.6
61 Educational services	965	285	685	6.9	4.0	10.0
62 Health care and social assistance	1,715	305	1,405	12.3	4.3	20.5
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	235	145	85	1.7	2.0	1.2
72 Accommodation and food services	785	355	430	5.6	5.0	6.3
81 Other services (except public administration)	565	225	340	4.0	3.2	5.0
91 Public administration	630	325	300	4.5	4.6	4.4
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	14,880	7,545	7,340	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	400	275	125	2.7	3.6	1.7
French	10,155	4,960	5,195	68.2	65.7	70.8
Non-official language	20	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	20	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
English and French	4,165	2,215	1,950	28.0	29.4	26.6
English and non-official language(s)	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	45	20	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
English, French and non-official language(s)	80	45	35	0.5	0.6	0.5
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	14,880	7,545	7,340	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	14,230	7,195	7,040	95.6	95.4	95.9
Official languages	14,195	7,175	7,025	95.4	95.1	95.7
English	1,025	595	430	6.9	7.9	5.9
French	13,175	6,580	6,595	88.5	87.2	89.9
Non-official languages	35	20	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	35	20	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	655	350	305	4.4	4.6	4.2
English and French	630	330	300	4.2	4.4	4.1
English and non-official language(s)	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	14,880	7,545	7,340	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	11,220	5,595	5,620	75.4	74.2	76.6
English	2,925	1,575	1,350	19.7	20.9	18.4
French	630	310	315	4.2	4.1	4.3
Non-official language	35	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.3
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	35	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.3
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	60	30	25	0.4	0.4	0.3
French and non-official language(s)	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	12,905	6,565	6,345	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	2,225	1,070	1,150	17.2	16.3	18.1
Worked outside Canada	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
No fixed workplace address	1,550	1,180	375	12.0	18.0	5.9
Usual place of work	9,120	4,300	4,815	70.7	65.5	75.9
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	9,120	4,300	4,815	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,870	790	1,080	20.5	18.4	22.4
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	2,145	975	1,170	23.5	22.7	24.3
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	5,065	2,505	2,555	55.5	58.3	53.1
Commute to a different province or territory	35	30	15	0.4	0.7	0.3
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	10,665	5,475	5,190	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	9,195	4,810	4,380	86.2	87.9	84.4
Car, truck or van - as a driver	8,775	4,655	4,120	82.3	85.0	79.4
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	420	160	260	3.9	2.9	5.0
Public transit	545	175	375	5.1	3.2	7.2
Walked	590	270	320	5.5	4.9	6.2
Bicycle	165	135	30	1.5	2.5	0.6
Other method	170	90	85	1.6	1.6	1.6
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	10,665	5,475	5,190	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	3,140	1,450	1,685	29.4	26.5	32.5
15 to 29 minutes	3,960	2,000	1,960	37.1	36.5	37.8
30 to 44 minutes	2,105	1,225	875	19.7	22.4	16.9
45 to 59 minutes	735	425	310	6.9	7.8	6.0
60 minutes and over	735	380	360	6.9	6.9	6.9
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	10,665	5,475	5,190	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,040	790	255	9.8	14.4	4.9
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	2,075	1,370	700	19.5	25.0	13.5
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	2,700	1,190	1,515	25.3	21.7	29.2
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,915	735	1,180	18.0	13.4	22.7
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,175	395	785	11.0	7.2	15.1
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,765	1,005	755	16.5	18.4	14.5
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	4,005	2,040	1,970	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	450	225	225	11.2	11.0	11.4
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	3,555	1,815	1,740	88.8	89.0	88.3
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	2,835	1,415	1,420	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	345	170	175	12.2	12.0	12.3
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	230	115	120	8.1	8.1	8.5
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	110	60	60	3.9	4.2	4.2
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,495	1,240	1,245	88.0	87.6	87.7

Symbol legend

...
not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 18, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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