Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Sainte-Sophie, Municipalité (MÉ)More information: Quebec [Census subdivision]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	18,080	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	15,690	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	15.2	...	...	15.2	...	...
Total private dwellings²	7,490	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	7,211	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	162.6	...	...	162.6	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	111.20	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	18,080	9,345	8,730	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	3,900	2,010	1,890	21.6	21.5	21.6
0 to 4 years	1,365	670	690	7.5	7.2	7.9
5 to 9 years	1,360	725	635	7.5	7.8	7.3
10 to 14 years	1,170	610	565	6.5	6.5	6.5
15 to 64 years	12,095	6,255	5,840	66.9	66.9	66.9
15 to 19 years	790	430	365	4.4	4.6	4.2
20 to 24 years	835	430	400	4.6	4.6	4.6
25 to 29 years	1,375	675	695	7.6	7.2	8.0
30 to 34 years	1,570	795	770	8.7	8.5	8.8
35 to 39 years	1,385	700	685	7.7	7.5	7.8
40 to 44 years	1,270	710	560	7.0	7.6	6.4
45 to 49 years	1,105	580	525	6.1	6.2	6.0
50 to 54 years	1,185	600	585	6.6	6.4	6.7
55 to 59 years	1,370	715	655	7.6	7.7	7.5
60 to 64 years	1,225	625	595	6.8	6.7	6.8
65 years and over	2,085	1,080	1,005	11.5	11.6	11.5
65 to 69 years	820	430	390	4.5	4.6	4.5
70 to 74 years	580	315	265	3.2	3.4	3.0
75 to 79 years	350	180	170	1.9	1.9	1.9
80 to 84 years	175	95	80	1.0	1.0	0.9
85 years and over	155	60	100	0.9	0.6	1.1
85 to 89 years	80	35	45	0.4	0.4	0.5
90 to 94 years	60	10	45	0.3	0.1	0.5
95 to 99 years	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
100 years and over	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	21.6	21.5	21.6	21.6	21.5	21.6
15 to 64 years	66.9	66.9	66.9	66.9	66.9	66.9
65 years and over	11.5	11.6	11.5	11.5	11.6	11.5
85 years and over	0.9	0.6	1.1	0.9	0.6	1.1
Average age of the population	37.5	37.5	37.5	37.5	37.5	37.5
Median age of the population	37.2	37.6	36.8	37.2	37.6	36.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	7,210	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	5,475	...	...	75.9	...	...
Semi-detached house	260	...	...	3.6	...	...
Row house	5	...	...	0.1	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	1,220	...	...	16.9	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	230	...	...	3.2	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Other single-attached house	10	...	...	0.1	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	7,210	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	1,810	...	...	25.1	...	...
2 persons	2,550	...	...	35.4	...	...
3 persons	1,190	...	...	16.5	...	...
4 persons	1,090	...	...	15.1	...	...
5 or more persons	565	...	...	7.8	...	...
Number of persons in private households	17,990	9,325	8,660	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.5	...	...	2.5	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	14,180	7,335	6,845	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	9,140	4,565	4,575	64.5	62.2	66.8
Married	3,655	1,840	1,815	25.8	25.1	26.5
Living common-law	5,485	2,730	2,760	38.7	37.2	40.3
Living common law - Never married	4,645	2,295	2,345	32.8	31.3	34.3
Living common law - Separated	65	40	25	0.5	0.5	0.4
Living common law - Divorced	705	370	335	5.0	5.0	4.9
Living common law - Widowed	70	20	50	0.5	0.3	0.7
Not married and not living common-law	5,040	2,770	2,270	35.5	37.8	33.2
Not married and not living common law - Never married	3,775	2,225	1,545	26.6	30.3	22.6
Not married and not living common law - Separated	110	65	50	0.8	0.9	0.7
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	745	355	385	5.3	4.8	5.6
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	415	120	295	2.9	1.6	4.3
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	5,270	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	2,640	...	...	50.1	...	...
3 persons	1,140	...	...	21.6	...	...
4 persons	1,045	...	...	19.8	...	...
5 or more persons	450	...	...	8.5	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	5,275	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	4,530	...	...	85.9	...	...
Married couples	1,785	...	...	33.8	...	...
With children⁶	770	...	...	14.6	...	...
Without children	1,020	...	...	19.3	...	...
Common-law couples	2,740	...	...	51.9	...	...
With children⁶	1,565	...	...	29.7	...	...
Without children	1,175	...	...	22.3	...	...
Total one-parent families	745	...	...	14.1	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	470	...	...	8.9	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	275	...	...	5.2	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	17,985	9,325	8,665	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	15,290	7,730	7,555	85.0	82.9	87.2
Married spouses or common-law partners	9,060	4,515	4,545	50.4	48.4	52.5
Parents in one-parent families	740	275	465	4.1	2.9	5.4
Children⁶	5,485	2,940	2,545	30.5	31.5	29.4
In a two-parent family	4,350	2,340	2,010	24.2	25.1	23.2
In a one-parent family	1,135	600	535	6.3	6.4	6.2
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	2,695	1,595	1,105	15.0	17.1	12.8
Living alone	1,810	1,130	685	10.1	12.1	7.9
Living with other relatives⁷	435	195	240	2.4	2.1	2.8
Living with non-relatives only	450	275	175	2.5	2.9	2.0
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	7,210	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	4,800	...	...	66.6	...	...
Couple-family households	4,205	...	...	58.3	...	...
With children⁶	2,180	...	...	30.2	...	...
Without children	2,025	...	...	28.1	...	...
One-parent-family households	595	...	...	8.3	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	145	...	...	2.0	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	30	...	...	0.4	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	210	...	...	2.9	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	215	...	...	3.0	...	...
One-person households	1,810	...	...	25.1	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	14,095	7,320	6,775	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	13,805	7,200	6,605	97.9	98.4	97.5
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,200	48,400	38,000	43,200	48,400	38,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	13,805	7,200	6,605	97.9	98.4	97.5
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,000	41,600	34,000	38,000	41,600	34,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	12,535	6,670	5,865	88.9	91.1	86.6
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,200	42,800	27,800	35,200	42,800	27,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	11,030	5,925	5,100	78.3	80.9	75.3
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,200	44,000	29,600	37,200	44,000	29,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	11,680	5,890	5,790	82.9	80.5	85.5
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,400	8,800	12,100	10,400	8,800	12,100
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,670	1,540	1,130	18.9	21.0	16.7
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,640	5,600	5,720	5,640	5,600	5,720
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,910	2,765	2,150	34.8	37.8	31.7
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	5,480	8,000	6,000	5,480	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	14,095	7,320	6,770	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	13,800	7,205	6,600	97.9	98.4	97.5
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	47,400	52,550	41,840	47,400	52,550	41,840
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	13,810	7,210	6,600	98.0	98.5	97.5
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,920	43,120	36,400	39,920	43,120	36,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	12,475	6,635	5,840	88.5	90.6	86.3
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,040	47,480	33,720	41,040	47,480	33,720
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	11,025	5,895	5,130	78.2	80.5	75.8
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,480	47,560	34,520	41,480	47,560	34,520
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	11,610	5,865	5,745	82.4	80.1	84.9
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,280	10,800	13,800	12,280	10,800	13,800
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,590	1,485	1,105	18.4	20.3	16.3
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,700	6,285	7,260	6,700	6,285	7,260
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,975	2,765	2,215	35.3	37.8	32.7
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,490	6,720	8,450	7,490	6,720	8,450
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	14,095	7,320	6,770	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	5,320	2,985	2,340	37.7	40.8	34.6
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	53,200	58,400	46,800	53,200	58,400	46,800
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	57,650	62,700	51,120	57,650	62,700	51,120
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	4,630	2,340	2,290	32.8	32.0	33.8
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	22,800	30,200	16,600	22,800	30,200	16,600
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	29,080	35,720	22,240	29,080	35,720	22,240
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	78.2	83.2	71.2	78.2	83.2	71.2
Employment income (%)¹⁹	69.8	74.0	64.2	69.8	74.0	64.2
Government transfers (%)²⁰	21.8	16.7	28.8	21.8	16.7	28.8
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.7	2.5	2.9	2.7	2.5	2.9
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	6.5	5.4	7.9	6.5	5.4	7.9
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	5.7	4.9	6.8	5.7	4.9	6.8
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	14,090	7,320	6,770	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	290	125	165	2.1	1.7	2.4
With total income	13,800	7,195	6,605	97.9	98.3	97.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	830	355	475	6.0	4.9	7.2
$10,000 to $19,999	1,420	555	860	10.3	7.7	13.0
$20,000 to $29,999	2,030	930	1,105	14.7	12.9	16.7
$30,000 to $39,999	1,960	885	1,080	14.2	12.3	16.4
$40,000 to $49,999	2,105	1,045	1,060	15.3	14.5	16.0
$50,000 to $59,999	1,620	860	760	11.7	12.0	11.5
$60,000 to $69,999	1,180	740	440	8.6	10.3	6.7
$70,000 to $79,999	905	595	305	6.6	8.3	4.6
$80,000 to $89,999	630	420	210	4.6	5.8	3.2
$90,000 to $99,999	405	275	130	2.9	3.8	2.0
$100,000 and over	715	535	180	5.2	7.4	2.7
$100,000 to $149,999	610	455	155	4.4	6.3	2.3
$150,000 and over	105	80	25	0.8	1.1	0.4
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	14,090	7,320	6,770	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	285	120	165	2.0	1.6	2.4
With after-tax income	13,805	7,200	6,610	98.0	98.4	97.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	885	375	510	6.4	5.2	7.7
$10,000 to $19,999	1,495	595	895	10.8	8.3	13.5
$20,000 to $29,999	2,480	1,130	1,355	18.0	15.7	20.5
$30,000 to $39,999	2,590	1,265	1,320	18.8	17.6	20.0
$40,000 to $49,999	2,465	1,330	1,135	17.9	18.5	17.2
$50,000 to $59,999	1,650	1,030	620	12.0	14.3	9.4
$60,000 to $69,999	1,050	660	390	7.6	9.2	5.9
$70,000 to $79,999	600	390	215	4.3	5.4	3.3
$80,000 to $89,999	275	190	85	2.0	2.6	1.3
$90,000 to $99,999	145	110	40	1.1	1.5	0.6
$100,000 and over	165	120	40	1.2	1.7	0.6
$100,000 to $124,999	110	80	30	0.8	1.1	0.5
$125,000 and over	55	45	10	0.4	0.6	0.2
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	14,090	7,320	6,770	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	3,065	1,390	1,670	21.8	19.0	24.7
With employment income	11,025	5,930	5,100	78.2	81.0	75.3
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,170	575	595	10.6	9.7	11.7
$5,000 to $9,999	785	275	510	7.1	4.6	10.0
$10,000 to $19,999	1,290	570	725	11.7	9.6	14.2
$20,000 to $29,999	1,325	590	735	12.0	9.9	14.4
$30,000 to $39,999	1,320	635	685	12.0	10.7	13.4
$40,000 to $49,999	1,385	750	630	12.6	12.6	12.4
$50,000 to $59,999	1,030	630	400	9.3	10.6	7.8
$60,000 to $69,999	800	515	285	7.3	8.7	5.6
$70,000 to $79,999	650	460	185	5.9	7.8	3.6
$80,000 to $89,999	470	325	145	4.3	5.5	2.8
$90,000 to $99,999	285	205	75	2.6	3.5	1.5
$100,000 and over	515	395	120	4.7	6.7	2.4
$100,000 to $124,999	345	260	85	3.1	4.4	1.7
$125,000 and over	170	135	35	1.5	2.3	0.7
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	14,095	7,320	6,775	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	13,565	7,055	6,510	96.2	96.4	96.1
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,800	47,200	34,400	40,800	47,200	34,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	13,575	7,060	6,515	96.3	96.4	96.2
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,000	40,800	31,200	36,000	40,800	31,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	12,315	6,555	5,760	87.4	89.5	85.0
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	37,200	45,600	29,400	37,200	45,600	29,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	10,985	5,890	5,095	77.9	80.5	75.2
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,000	46,400	30,800	38,000	46,400	30,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	10,260	5,000	5,260	72.8	68.3	77.6
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,050	4,920	8,800	7,050	4,920	8,800
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	2,485	1,455	1,030	17.6	19.9	15.2
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,920	4,480	5,560	4,920	4,480	5,560
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	14,095	7,320	6,770	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	13,600	7,080	6,525	96.5	96.7	96.4
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	45,360	51,450	38,760	45,360	51,450	38,760
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	13,610	7,080	6,530	96.6	96.7	96.5
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	37,480	41,000	33,640	37,480	41,000	33,640
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	12,315	6,520	5,800	87.4	89.1	85.7
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,400	49,760	34,120	42,400	49,760	34,120
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	11,035	5,885	5,155	78.3	80.4	76.1
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,320	49,280	34,360	42,320	49,280	34,360
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	10,215	5,010	5,205	72.5	68.4	76.9
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,270	7,940	10,560	9,270	7,940	10,560
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,515	1,440	1,080	17.8	19.7	16.0
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,690	5,830	7,840	6,690	5,830	7,840
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	14,095	7,320	6,770	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	5,285	2,965	2,320	37.5	40.5	34.3
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	50,800	57,200	44,400	50,800	57,200	44,400
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	55,100	60,900	47,680	55,100	60,900	47,680
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	4,435	2,260	2,175	31.5	30.9	32.1
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	28,600	36,000	22,200	28,600	36,000	22,200
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	33,400	40,960	25,540	33,400	40,960	25,540
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	84.6	89.0	78.2	84.6	89.0	78.2
Employment income (%)	75.6	79.6	70.0	75.6	79.6	70.0
Government transfers (%)	15.4	10.9	21.7	15.4	10.9	21.7
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.7	2.3	3.3	2.7	2.3	3.3
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	7,210	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	84,000	...	...	84,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	72,000	...	...	72,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	1,810	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	43,600	...	...	43,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	38,000	...	...	38,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	5,395	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	98,000	...	...	98,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	84,000	...	...	84,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	7,215	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	90,800	...	...	90,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	76,400	...	...	76,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,810	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	48,560	...	...	48,560	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	40,560	...	...	40,560	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	5,405	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	104,900	...	...	104,900	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	88,500	...	...	88,500	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	7,210	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	30	...	...	0.4	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	20	...	...	0.3	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	55	...	...	0.8	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	75	...	...	1.0	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	245	...	...	3.4	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	210	...	...	2.9	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	200	...	...	2.8	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	260	...	...	3.6	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	290	...	...	4.0	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	300	...	...	4.2	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	590	...	...	8.2	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	560	...	...	7.8	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	550	...	...	7.6	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	555	...	...	7.7	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	565	...	...	7.8	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,700	...	...	37.4	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,115	...	...	15.5	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	725	...	...	10.1	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	625	...	...	8.7	...	...
$200,000 and over	235	...	...	3.3	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	7,210	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	35	...	...	0.5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	20	...	...	0.3	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	60	...	...	0.8	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	80	...	...	1.1	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	285	...	...	4.0	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	240	...	...	3.3	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	275	...	...	3.8	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	335	...	...	4.6	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	380	...	...	5.3	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	365	...	...	5.1	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	685	...	...	9.5	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	700	...	...	9.7	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	715	...	...	9.9	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	670	...	...	9.3	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	600	...	...	8.3	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,755	...	...	24.3	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	980	...	...	13.6	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	470	...	...	6.5	...	...
$150,000 and over	310	...	...	4.3	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	5,250	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	98,000	...	...	98,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	84,000	...	...	84,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	2,040	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	85,000	...	...	85,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	73,000	...	...	73,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	2,345	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	118,000	...	...	118,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	100,000	...	...	100,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	700	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	68,000	...	...	68,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	60,400	...	...	60,400	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	2,265	1,400	860	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	42,400	45,200	38,000	42,400	45,200	38,000
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	36,800	38,400	34,000	36,800	38,400	34,000
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	5,220	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	105,100	...	...	105,100	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	88,500	...	...	88,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,045	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	90,700	...	...	90,700	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	76,100	...	...	76,100	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,345	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	126,700	...	...	126,700	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	106,200	...	...	106,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	700	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	74,000	...	...	74,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	65,000	...	...	65,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	2,300	1,415	885	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	46,040	48,280	42,500	46,040	48,280	42,500
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	38,720	40,200	36,300	38,720	40,200	36,300
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	17,990	9,330	8,660	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	4,390	2,265	2,120	24.4	24.3	24.5
0 to 5 years	1,655	810	840	9.2	8.7	9.7
18 to 64 years	11,585	5,985	5,600	64.4	64.1	64.7
65 years and over	2,015	1,075	940	11.2	11.5	10.9
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,470	755	720	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	310	160	155	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	90	40	50	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	755	395	365	...	...	...
65 years and over	400	205	200	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	8.2	8.1	8.3	8.2	8.1	8.3
0 to 17 years (%)	7.1	6.9	7.2	7.1	6.9	7.2
0 to 5 years (%)	5.5	5.2	5.8	5.5	5.2	5.8
18 to 64 years (%)	6.5	6.6	6.5	6.5	6.6	6.5
65 years and over (%)	20.0	18.8	21.4	20.0	18.8	21.4
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	17,985	9,325	8,665	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	4,385	2,265	2,120	24.4	24.3	24.5
0 to 5 years	1,660	815	845	9.2	8.7	9.8
18 to 64 years	11,580	5,985	5,600	64.4	64.2	64.6
65 years and over	2,020	1,075	945	11.2	11.5	10.9
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	270	160	110	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	55	30	20	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	15	10	5	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	200	120	85	...	...	...
65 years and over	20	15	5	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	1.5	1.7	1.3	1.5	1.7	1.3
0 to 17 years (%)	1.2	1.4	1.1	1.2	1.4	1.1
0 to 5 years (%)	0.8	0.8	0.8	0.8	0.8	0.8
18 to 64 years (%)	1.7	2.0	1.4	1.7	2.0	1.4
65 years and over (%)	0.9	1.2	0.6	0.9	1.2	0.6
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	17,990	9,325	8,660	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	10,465	5,405	5,055	58.2	58.0	58.4
In bottom decile	1,195	625	575	6.6	6.7	6.6
In second decile	1,775	895	885	9.9	9.6	10.2
In third decile	2,270	1,170	1,095	12.6	12.5	12.6
In fourth decile	2,690	1,400	1,295	15.0	15.0	15.0
In fifth decile	2,530	1,325	1,210	14.1	14.2	14.0
In top half of the distribution	7,525	3,920	3,600	41.8	42.0	41.6
In sixth decile	2,400	1,250	1,150	13.3	13.4	13.3
In seventh decile	2,110	1,095	1,020	11.7	11.7	11.8
In eighth decile	1,610	825	785	8.9	8.8	9.1
In ninth decile	940	510	430	5.2	5.5	5.0
In top decile	455	240	215	2.5	2.6	2.5
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	17,985	...	...	17,985	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.243	...	...	0.243	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.362	...	...	0.362	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.212	...	...	0.212	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	18,080	9,345	8,735	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	55	30	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
French only	11,365	5,660	5,705	62.9	60.6	65.3
English and French	6,630	3,640	2,990	36.7	39.0	34.2
Neither English nor French	30	20	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	18,080	9,345	8,735	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	385	215	170	2.1	2.3	1.9
French	17,535	9,035	8,500	97.0	96.7	97.3
English and French	130	75	60	0.7	0.8	0.7
Neither English nor French	30	20	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	18,080	9,345	8,735	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	17,835	9,215	8,620	98.6	98.6	98.7
Official languages	17,465	9,010	8,455	96.6	96.4	96.8
English	340	190	145	1.9	2.0	1.7
French	17,125	8,815	8,305	94.7	94.3	95.1
Non-official languages	370	205	170	2.0	2.2	1.9
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	365	200	170	2.0	2.1	1.9
Afro-Asiatic languages	30	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	25	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	25	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Haitian Creole	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	265	145	125	1.5	1.6	1.4
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	40	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	40	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Russian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Indo-Iranian languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	195	110	90	1.1	1.2	1.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	35	25	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Portuguese	30	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Romanian	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Spanish	110	60	45	0.6	0.6	0.5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	250	135	115	1.4	1.4	1.3
English and French	200	105	90	1.1	1.1	1.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	40	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	18,080	9,345	8,735	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	170	95	75	0.9	1.0	0.9
French	16,925	8,720	8,200	93.6	93.3	93.9
Non-official language	80	50	35	0.4	0.5	0.4
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	80	50	35	0.4	0.5	0.4
English and French	630	345	285	3.5	3.7	3.3
English and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	170	90	80	0.9	1.0	0.9
English, French and non-official language(s)	95	40	50	0.5	0.4	0.6
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	18,080	9,345	8,735	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	17,880	9,235	8,640	98.9	98.8	98.9
Official languages	17,725	9,150	8,580	98.0	97.9	98.2
English	265	130	130	1.5	1.4	1.5
French	17,465	9,015	8,445	96.6	96.5	96.7
Non-official languages	150	85	65	0.8	0.9	0.7
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	150	85	65	0.8	0.9	0.7
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	110	65	45	0.6	0.7	0.5
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	80	45	35	0.4	0.5	0.4
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Spanish	55	30	20	0.3	0.3	0.2
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	205	115	90	1.1	1.2	1.0
English and French	155	95	65	0.9	1.0	0.7
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	18,080	9,350	8,735	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	17,370	8,970	8,400	96.1	95.9	96.2
English	410	225	180	2.3	2.4	2.1
French	120	55	70	0.7	0.6	0.8
Non-official language	110	55	50	0.6	0.6	0.6
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	105	55	50	0.6	0.6	0.6
English and French	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
English and non-official language(s)	45	25	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	17,985	9,325	8,660	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	17,965	9,315	8,650	99.9	99.9	99.9
English	6,670	3,630	3,040	37.1	38.9	35.1
French	17,905	9,280	8,620	99.6	99.5	99.5
Non-official languages	770	390	380	4.3	4.2	4.4
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	770	390	380	4.3	4.2	4.4
Afro-Asiatic languages	65	40	30	0.4	0.4	0.3
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	65	35	30	0.4	0.4	0.3
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	65	35	30	0.4	0.4	0.3
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	55	25	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
Haitian Creole	50	25	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	570	265	295	3.2	2.8	3.4
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Balto-Slavic languages	45	20	25	0.3	0.2	0.3
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	45	20	25	0.3	0.2	0.3
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Russian	25	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	25	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
German	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	465	205	255	2.6	2.2	2.9
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	70	45	25	0.4	0.5	0.3
Portuguese	60	40	25	0.3	0.4	0.3
Romanian	55	25	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
Spanish	300	100	200	1.7	1.1	2.3
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	25	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	25	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	20	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Chinese languages	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	25	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	25	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	17,985	9,330	8,660	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	385	205	185	2.1	2.2	2.1
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	355	180	170	2.0	1.9	2.0
First Nations (North American Indian)	160	80	80	0.9	0.9	0.9
Métis	200	105	95	1.1	1.1	1.1
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous identity	17,600	9,125	8,475	97.9	97.8	97.9
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	17,985	9,330	8,660	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	45	25	20	0.3	0.3	0.2
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	17,940	9,300	8,640	99.7	99.7	99.8
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	7,210	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	5,665	...	...	78.6	...	...
Renter	1,545	...	...	21.4	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	7,210	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	255	...	...	3.5	...	...
Not condominium	6,960	...	...	96.5	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	7,210	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
1 bedroom	900	...	...	12.5	...	...
2 bedrooms	2,170	...	...	30.1	...	...
3 bedrooms	2,670	...	...	37.0	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,460	...	...	20.2	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	7,210	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,805	...	...	25.0	...	...
5 rooms	1,180	...	...	16.4	...	...
6 rooms	1,060	...	...	14.7	...	...
7 rooms	1,090	...	...	15.1	...	...
8 or more rooms	2,080	...	...	28.8	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.3	...	...	6.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	7,210	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	7,160	...	...	99.3	...	...
More than one person per room	50	...	...	0.7	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	7,210	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	6,955	...	...	96.5	...	...
Not suitable	255	...	...	3.5	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	7,210	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	590	...	...	8.2	...	...
1961 to 1980	1,430	...	...	19.8	...	...
1981 to 1990	620	...	...	8.6	...	...
1991 to 2000	630	...	...	8.7	...	...
2001 to 2005	560	...	...	7.8	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,305	...	...	18.1	...	...
2011 to 2015	1,175	...	...	16.3	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	905	...	...	12.6	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	7,210	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	6,825	...	...	94.7	...	...
Major repairs needed	390	...	...	5.4	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	7,210	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	3,365	...	...	46.7	...	...
Two-maintainer household	3,670	...	...	50.9	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	180	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	7,210	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	205	...	...	2.8	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,490	...	...	20.7	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,480	...	...	20.5	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,280	...	...	17.8	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,545	...	...	21.4	...	...
65 to 74 years	850	...	...	11.8	...	...
75 to 84 years	295	...	...	4.1	...	...
85 years and over	65	...	...	0.9	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	7,180	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	6,295	...	...	87.7	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	885	...	...	12.3	...	...
30% to less than 100%	820	...	...	11.4	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	7,210	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	1,425	...	...	19.8	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	810	...	...	11.2	...	...
Not suitable only	225	...	...	3.1	...	...
Major repairs needed only	295	...	...	4.1	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	70	...	...	1.0	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	20	...	...	0.3	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	5,785	...	...	80.2	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	7,115	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	270	...	...	3.8	...	...
Not in core need	6,845	...	...	96.2	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	5,655	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	79.5	...	...	79.5	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	10.5	...	...	10.5	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,230	...	...	1,230	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,205	...	...	1,205	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	300,000	...	...	300,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	324,400	...	...	324,400	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,545	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	19.2	...	...	19.2	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	8.2	...	...	8.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	830	...	...	830	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	861	...	...	861	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	17,990	9,325	8,660	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	480	230	255	2.7	2.5	2.9
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	435	205	230	2.4	2.2	2.7
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	375	170	200	2.1	1.8	2.3
Métis single ancestry	60	35	25	0.3	0.4	0.3
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	45	20	25	0.3	0.2	0.3
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	45	20	25	0.3	0.2	0.3
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	620	305	320	3.4	3.3	3.7
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	615	305	310	3.4	3.3	3.6
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	550	270	280	3.1	2.9	3.2
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	65	35	30	0.4	0.4	0.3
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	16,880	8,790	8,090	93.8	94.3	93.4
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	17,985	9,325	8,665	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	17,830	9,250	8,575	99.1	99.2	99.0
Canadian citizens aged under 18	4,360	2,235	2,130	24.2	24.0	24.6
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	13,465	7,020	6,445	74.9	75.3	74.4
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	160	75	85	0.9	0.8	1.0
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	17,985	9,325	8,665	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	17,480	9,045	8,435	97.2	97.0	97.3
Immigrants⁸¹	465	245	220	2.6	2.6	2.5
Before 1980	100	65	30	0.6	0.7	0.3
1980 to 1990	40	25	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
1991 to 2000	55	20	30	0.3	0.2	0.3
2001 to 2010	140	80	65	0.8	0.9	0.8
2011 to 2021⁸²	125	55	75	0.7	0.6	0.9
2011 to 2015	85	40	50	0.5	0.4	0.6
2016 to 2021	45	20	30	0.3	0.2	0.3
Non-permanent residents⁸³	40	35	10	0.2	0.4	0.1
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	465	245	220	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	35	25	15	7.5	10.2	6.8
5 to 14 years	110	70	35	23.7	28.6	15.9
15 to 24 years	60	40	20	12.9	16.3	9.1
25 to 44 years	235	110	130	50.5	44.9	59.1
45 years and over	20	0	20	4.3	0.0	9.1
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	465	245	220	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	80	30	50	17.2	12.2	22.7
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	30	10	20	6.5	4.1	9.1
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	20	0	15	4.3	0.0	6.8
Europe	260	145	120	55.9	59.2	54.5
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	125	60	65	26.9	24.5	29.5
Germany	10	10	0	2.2	4.1	0.0
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	10	10	0	2.2	4.1	0.0
Italy	20	15	0	4.3	6.1	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portugal	20	15	0	4.3	6.1	0.0
Romania	20	10	15	4.3	4.1	6.8
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	10	0	0	2.2	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	35	15	20	7.5	6.1	9.1
Africa	50	30	25	10.8	12.2	11.4
Algeria	10	10	0	2.2	4.1	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	30	10	20	6.5	4.1	9.1
Asia	70	40	25	15.1	16.3	11.4
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	15	10	0	3.2	4.1	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	20	10	10	4.3	4.1	4.5
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	10	0	0	2.2	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	20	10	15	4.3	4.1	6.8
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	45	15	25	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	20	0	15	44.4	0.0	60.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	20	0	15	44.4	0.0	60.0
France	10	0	0	22.2	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	10	22.2	0.0	40.0
Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	10	0	0	22.2	0.0	0.0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	17,985	9,325	8,660	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	555	310	240	3.1	3.3	2.8
Second generation¹⁰¹	670	340	325	3.7	3.6	3.8
Third generation or more¹⁰²	16,765	8,675	8,095	93.2	93.0	93.5
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	365	175	185	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	175	105	70	47.9	60.0	37.8
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	95	55	35	26.0	31.4	18.9
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	85	45	35	23.3	25.7	18.9
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	145	45	100	39.7	25.7	54.1
Refugees¹⁰⁸	35	30	0	9.6	17.1	0.0
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	10	0	10	2.7	0.0	5.4
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	365	175	185	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	25	20	15	6.8	11.4	8.1
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	35	20	15	9.6	11.4	8.1
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	15	10	0	4.1	5.7	0.0
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	280	130	150	76.7	74.3	81.1
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	17,985	9,330	8,660	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	390	205	180	2.2	2.2	2.1
South Asian	25	15	15	0.1	0.2	0.2
Chinese	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Black	155	85	75	0.9	0.9	0.9
Filipino	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arab	75	40	25	0.4	0.4	0.3
Latin American	50	20	30	0.3	0.2	0.3
Southeast Asian	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	17,600	9,120	8,480	97.9	97.7	97.9
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	17,985	9,325	8,660	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	7,355	3,850	3,505	40.9	41.3	40.5
English	205	105	95	1.1	1.1	1.1
Irish	705	310	395	3.9	3.3	4.6
Scottish	205	100	105	1.1	1.1	1.2
French, n.o.s.¹²²	3,590	1,875	1,715	20.0	20.1	19.8
German	145	55	85	0.8	0.6	1.0
Chinese	45	20	20	0.3	0.2	0.2
Italian	470	235	235	2.6	2.5	2.7
Indian (India)	40	30	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Ukrainian	45	20	25	0.3	0.2	0.3
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	85	50	35	0.5	0.5	0.4
Québécois	3,525	1,895	1,635	19.6	20.3	18.9
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	60	30	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
Filipino	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French Canadian	1,365	685	675	7.6	7.3	7.8
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	345	185	160	1.9	2.0	1.8
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	540	245	295	3.0	2.6	3.4
Métis	180	95	85	1.0	1.0	1.0
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	85	35	50	0.5	0.4	0.6
Russian	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	110	70	40	0.6	0.8	0.5
American	50	20	20	0.3	0.2	0.2
Spanish	65	40	30	0.4	0.4	0.3
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	35	30	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Acadian	145	70	75	0.8	0.8	0.9
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	25	15	15	0.1	0.2	0.2
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	35	25	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Jamaican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	35	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	60	30	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
Lebanese	35	30	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	130	70	60	0.7	0.8	0.7
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	140	85	50	0.8	0.9	0.6
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Belgian	120	85	35	0.7	0.9	0.4
Haitian	140	80	55	0.8	0.9	0.6
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Mennonite	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	60	35	25	0.3	0.4	0.3
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moroccan	40	25	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	40	15	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
Brazilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	25	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Slovak	30	20	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	60	30	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	40	15	30	0.2	0.2	0.3
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	35	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	35	10	30	0.2	0.1	0.3
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	65	35	30	0.4	0.4	0.3
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	45	20	25	0.3	0.2	0.3
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	55	35	20	0.3	0.4	0.2
Norman	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	17,985	9,330	8,660	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	30	20	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Christian	10,730	5,470	5,265	59.7	58.6	60.8
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	660	335	330	3.7	3.6	3.8
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Baptist	40	10	30	0.2	0.1	0.3
Catholic	9,685	4,945	4,740	53.9	53.0	54.7
Christian Orthodox	75	55	25	0.4	0.6	0.3
Jehovah's Witness	85	40	45	0.5	0.4	0.5
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lutheran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	150	75	75	0.8	0.8	0.9
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	85	20	60	0.5	0.2	0.7
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	25	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
No religion and secular perspectives	7,095	3,790	3,310	39.4	40.6	38.2
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	17,735	9,215	8,520	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	15,555	8,095	7,455	87.7	87.8	87.5
Movers	2,175	1,120	1,060	12.3	12.2	12.4
Non-migrants	585	330	255	3.3	3.6	3.0
Migrants	1,595	785	805	9.0	8.5	9.4
Internal migrants	1,585	785	795	8.9	8.5	9.3
Intraprovincial migrants	1,585	785	795	8.9	8.5	9.3
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
External migrants	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	16,625	8,700	7,925	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	9,615	5,230	4,390	57.8	60.1	55.4
Movers	7,010	3,475	3,535	42.2	39.9	44.6
Non-migrants	1,305	630	680	7.8	7.2	8.6
Migrants	5,705	2,845	2,860	34.3	32.7	36.1
Internal migrants	5,645	2,805	2,835	34.0	32.2	35.8
Intraprovincial migrants	5,610	2,780	2,835	33.7	32.0	35.8
Interprovincial migrants	35	25	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
External migrants	60	40	20	0.4	0.5	0.3
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	14,095	7,320	6,770	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	4,120	2,545	1,575	29.2	34.8	23.3
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	9,970	4,770	5,200	70.7	65.2	76.8
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	10,455	5,375	5,080	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	2,540	1,685	845	24.3	31.3	16.6
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	7,920	3,685	4,230	75.8	68.6	83.3
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	14,095	7,320	6,775	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	3,370	1,965	1,405	23.9	26.8	20.7
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	3,085	1,530	1,560	21.9	20.9	23.0
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	7,630	3,825	3,810	54.1	52.3	56.2
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	6,490	3,450	3,035	46.0	47.1	44.8
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	3,980	2,520	1,460	28.2	34.4	21.5
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	2,820	1,555	1,265	20.0	21.2	18.7
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	1,165	965	195	8.3	13.2	2.9
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	2,190	810	1,380	15.5	11.1	20.4
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	310	115	195	2.2	1.6	2.9
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,145	375	770	8.1	5.1	11.4
Bachelor's degree	885	290	595	6.3	4.0	8.8
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	80	15	60	0.6	0.2	0.9
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Master's degree	165	70	95	1.2	1.0	1.4
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	10,455	5,375	5,075	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,920	1,210	705	18.4	22.5	13.9
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	2,125	1,075	1,055	20.3	20.0	20.8
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,400	3,090	3,315	61.2	57.5	65.3
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	5,390	2,780	2,605	51.6	51.7	51.3
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	3,325	2,055	1,265	31.8	38.2	24.9
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	2,375	1,275	1,095	22.7	23.7	21.6
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	950	785	170	9.1	14.6	3.3
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,830	640	1,190	17.5	11.9	23.4
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	240	85	150	2.3	1.6	3.0
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,015	305	715	9.7	5.7	14.1
Bachelor's degree	800	240	555	7.7	4.5	10.9
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	75	15	60	0.7	0.3	1.2
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Master's degree	130	55	80	1.2	1.0	1.6
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	14,090	7,320	6,775	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	6,460	3,495	2,965	45.8	47.7	43.8
Education	465	70	405	3.3	1.0	6.0
13. Education	465	70	405	3.3	1.0	6.0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	205	70	130	1.5	1.0	1.9
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	30	20	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
50. Visual and performing arts	170	50	120	1.2	0.7	1.8
Humanities	195	60	130	1.4	0.8	1.9
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	130	40	90	0.9	0.5	1.3
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
54. History	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	30	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.3
Social and behavioural sciences and law	550	115	435	3.9	1.6	6.4
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	45	10	30	0.3	0.1	0.4
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	220	10	205	1.6	0.1	3.0
22. Legal professions and studies	95	30	65	0.7	0.4	1.0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
42. Psychology	90	20	65	0.6	0.3	1.0
45. Social sciences	100	40	55	0.7	0.5	0.8
Business, management and public administration	1,400	350	1,045	9.9	4.8	15.4
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	115	10	105	0.8	0.1	1.5
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,280	335	945	9.1	4.6	13.9
Physical and life sciences and technologies	130	65	65	0.9	0.9	1.0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	45	25	25	0.3	0.3	0.4
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
40. Physical sciences	25	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
41. Science technologies/technicians	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	180	135	40	1.3	1.8	0.6
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	160	120	40	1.1	1.6	0.6
25. Library science	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	2,395	2,245	150	17.0	30.7	2.2
04. Architecture and related services	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
14. Engineering	90	75	15	0.6	1.0	0.2
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	380	305	75	2.7	4.2	1.1
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	760	740	20	5.4	10.1	0.3
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	735	705	30	5.2	9.6	0.4
48. Precision production	420	415	10	3.0	5.7	0.1
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	185	95	90	1.3	1.3	1.3
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	135	60	80	1.0	0.8	1.2
03. Natural resources and conservation	50	35	15	0.4	0.5	0.2
Health and related fields	1,040	120	920	7.4	1.6	13.6
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	50	15	35	0.4	0.2	0.5
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	990	105	885	7.0	1.4	13.1
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	890	490	400	6.3	6.7	5.9
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	385	95	295	2.7	1.3	4.4
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
43. Security and protective services	165	115	55	1.2	1.6	0.8
49. Transportation and materials moving	330	280	50	2.3	3.8	0.7
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	10,455	5,375	5,080	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	4,050	2,290	1,760	38.7	42.6	34.6
Education	415	60	355	4.0	1.1	7.0
13. Education	415	60	355	4.0	1.1	7.0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	160	45	115	1.5	0.8	2.3
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	20	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
50. Visual and performing arts	140	35	105	1.3	0.7	2.1
Humanities	140	35	105	1.3	0.7	2.1
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	90	25	65	0.9	0.5	1.3
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
54. History	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.3
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	25	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.4
Social and behavioural sciences and law	495	90	400	4.7	1.7	7.9
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	40	10	30	0.4	0.2	0.6
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	210	10	195	2.0	0.2	3.8
22. Legal professions and studies	80	20	60	0.8	0.4	1.2
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	80	20	65	0.8	0.4	1.3
45. Social sciences	75	30	50	0.7	0.6	1.0
Business, management and public administration	1,165	270	900	11.1	5.0	17.7
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	100	0	95	1.0	0.0	1.9
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,065	260	805	10.2	4.8	15.8
Physical and life sciences and technologies	100	40	60	1.0	0.7	1.2
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	45	20	20	0.4	0.4	0.4
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
41. Science technologies/technicians	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	145	115	30	1.4	2.1	0.6
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	135	110	30	1.3	2.0	0.6
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,975	1,845	135	18.9	34.3	2.7
04. Architecture and related services	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
14. Engineering	80	65	15	0.8	1.2	0.3
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	295	220	70	2.8	4.1	1.4
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	610	590	15	5.8	11.0	0.3
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	635	605	25	6.1	11.3	0.5
48. Precision production	365	355	10	3.5	6.6	0.2
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	155	75	75	1.5	1.4	1.5
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	105	40	65	1.0	0.7	1.3
03. Natural resources and conservation	50	40	15	0.5	0.7	0.3
Health and related fields	855	90	770	8.2	1.7	15.2
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	45	10	35	0.4	0.2	0.7
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	810	85	735	7.7	1.6	14.5
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	800	420	380	7.7	7.8	7.5
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	340	60	285	3.3	1.1	5.6
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
43. Security and protective services	130	90	45	1.2	1.7	0.9
49. Transportation and materials moving	310	260	50	3.0	4.8	1.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	10,455	5,375	5,080	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,050	2,290	1,760	38.7	42.6	34.6
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	6,405	3,085	3,320	61.3	57.4	65.4
Location of study inside Canada	6,245	3,015	3,235	59.7	56.1	63.7
Same as province or territory of residence	6,185	2,980	3,205	59.2	55.4	63.1
Different than province or territory of residence	60	35	25	0.6	0.7	0.5
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	160	75	80	1.5	1.4	1.6
Americas	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
United States of America	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	120	60	55	1.1	1.1	1.1
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	85	45	40	0.8	0.8	0.8
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.3
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	14,095	7,320	6,775	...	...	...
In the labour force	10,195	5,455	4,740	...	...	...
Employed	9,605	5,170	4,440	...	...	...
Unemployed	585	290	300	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	3,900	1,865	2,035	...	...	...
Participation rate	72.3	74.5	70.0	72.3	74.5	70.0
Employment rate	68.1	70.6	65.5	68.1	70.6	65.5
Unemployment rate	5.7	5.3	6.3	5.7	5.3	6.3
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	14,090	7,320	6,775	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	3,845	1,820	2,025	27.3	24.9	29.9
Worked	10,250	5,500	4,745	72.7	75.1	70.0
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	5,440	3,065	2,370	38.6	41.9	35.0
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	4,810	2,435	2,375	34.1	33.3	35.1
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.2	43.1	41.1	42.2	43.1	41.1
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	10,190	5,455	4,735	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	155	65	85	1.5	1.2	1.8
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	10,035	5,385	4,650	98.5	98.7	98.2
Employee	8,725	4,540	4,190	85.6	83.2	88.5
Permanent position	7,745	4,075	3,670	76.0	74.7	77.5
Temporary position	985	465	520	9.7	8.5	11.0
Fixed term (1 year or more)	250	90	155	2.5	1.6	3.3
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	740	370	370	7.3	6.8	7.8
Self-employed¹⁹²	1,310	850	465	12.9	15.6	9.8
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	10,190	5,455	4,735	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	155	65	85	1.5	1.2	1.8
All occupations¹⁹¹	10,035	5,385	4,650	98.5	98.7	98.2
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	190	155	35	1.9	2.8	0.7
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,330	325	1,000	13.1	6.0	21.1
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	415	325	95	4.1	6.0	2.0
3 Health occupations	685	75	615	6.7	1.4	13.0
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,115	215	900	10.9	3.9	19.0
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	120	60	60	1.2	1.1	1.3
6 Sales and service occupations	2,370	900	1,470	23.3	16.5	31.0
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,950	2,680	270	28.9	49.1	5.7
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	175	140	40	1.7	2.6	0.8
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	685	515	170	6.7	9.4	3.6
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	10,190	5,455	4,735	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	155	65	85	1.5	1.2	1.8
All industries¹⁹¹	10,035	5,385	4,650	98.5	98.7	98.2
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	125	85	40	1.2	1.6	0.8
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	60	60	0	0.6	1.1	0.0
22 Utilities	65	55	10	0.6	1.0	0.2
23 Construction	1,535	1,345	195	15.1	24.7	4.1
31-33 Manufacturing	1,285	910	375	12.6	16.7	7.9
41 Wholesale trade	410	265	145	4.0	4.9	3.1
44-45 Retail trade	1,345	635	715	13.2	11.6	15.1
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	655	455	200	6.4	8.3	4.2
51 Information and cultural industries	80	50	30	0.8	0.9	0.6
52 Finance and insurance	180	55	120	1.8	1.0	2.5
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	110	60	45	1.1	1.1	1.0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	385	200	190	3.8	3.7	4.0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	410	205	205	4.0	3.8	4.3
61 Educational services	455	80	375	4.5	1.5	7.9
62 Health care and social assistance	1,380	175	1,210	13.5	3.2	25.6
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	125	70	55	1.2	1.3	1.2
72 Accommodation and food services	430	180	250	4.2	3.3	5.3
81 Other services (except public administration)	540	290	255	5.3	5.3	5.4
91 Public administration	460	225	235	4.5	4.1	5.0
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	10,715	5,720	4,990	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	135	90	45	1.3	1.6	0.9
French	8,840	4,655	4,185	82.5	81.4	83.9
Non-official language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	1,700	960	740	15.9	16.8	14.8
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	30	15	20	0.3	0.3	0.4
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	10,715	5,720	4,990	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	10,425	5,560	4,865	97.3	97.2	97.5
Official languages	10,420	5,555	4,865	97.2	97.1	97.5
English	290	170	125	2.7	3.0	2.5
French	10,125	5,380	4,745	94.5	94.1	95.1
Non-official languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	285	160	125	2.7	2.8	2.5
English and French	285	160	125	2.7	2.8	2.5
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	10,715	5,720	4,990	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	9,245	4,905	4,340	86.3	85.8	87.0
English	1,270	725	550	11.9	12.7	11.0
French	165	85	85	1.5	1.5	1.7
Non-official language	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.3
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.3
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	9,605	5,165	4,440	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	1,015	400	615	10.6	7.7	13.9
Worked outside Canada	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
No fixed workplace address	1,770	1,365	400	18.4	26.4	9.0
Usual place of work	6,815	3,390	3,420	71.0	65.6	77.0
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	6,815	3,390	3,425	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,000	465	525	14.7	13.7	15.3
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	2,375	955	1,420	34.8	28.2	41.5
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	3,440	1,965	1,470	50.5	58.0	42.9
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	8,580	4,760	3,820	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	8,290	4,610	3,680	96.6	96.8	96.3
Car, truck or van - as a driver	7,940	4,450	3,490	92.5	93.5	91.4
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	355	160	185	4.1	3.4	4.8
Public transit	60	15	40	0.7	0.3	1.0
Walked	110	60	50	1.3	1.3	1.3
Bicycle	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Other method	110	65	50	1.3	1.4	1.3
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	8,580	4,760	3,820	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	1,165	545	620	13.6	11.4	16.2
15 to 29 minutes	3,065	1,435	1,630	35.7	30.1	42.7
30 to 44 minutes	2,015	1,195	820	23.5	25.1	21.5
45 to 59 minutes	1,285	810	470	15.0	17.0	12.3
60 minutes and over	1,055	775	280	12.3	16.3	7.3
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	8,580	4,760	3,820	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,320	1,035	285	15.4	21.7	7.5
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,850	1,130	720	21.6	23.7	18.8
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	2,145	900	1,245	25.0	18.9	32.6
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,130	450	680	13.2	9.5	17.8
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	615	235	380	7.2	4.9	9.9
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,520	1,010	510	17.7	21.2	13.4
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	4,440	2,300	2,140	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	370	170	200	8.3	7.4	9.3
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	4,075	2,135	1,940	91.8	92.8	90.7
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	2,975	1,575	1,405	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	245	115	130	8.2	7.3	9.3
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	125	60	70	4.2	3.8	5.0
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	115	55	60	3.9	3.5	4.3
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,730	1,455	1,275	91.8	92.4	90.7

Symbol legend

...
not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 18, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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