Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Sainte-Julie, Ville (V)More information: Quebec [Census subdivision]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	30,045	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	29,881	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	0.5	...	...	0.5	...	...
Total private dwellings²	11,761	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	11,609	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	619.6	...	...	619.6	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	48.49	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	30,045	14,670	15,375	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	5,205	2,635	2,570	17.3	18.0	16.7
0 to 4 years	1,255	655	600	4.2	4.5	3.9
5 to 9 years	1,775	880	895	5.9	6.0	5.8
10 to 14 years	2,170	1,100	1,070	7.2	7.5	7.0
15 to 64 years	19,435	9,565	9,865	64.7	65.2	64.2
15 to 19 years	2,140	1,090	1,050	7.1	7.4	6.8
20 to 24 years	1,665	875	785	5.5	6.0	5.1
25 to 29 years	1,185	615	570	3.9	4.2	3.7
30 to 34 years	1,395	655	735	4.6	4.5	4.8
35 to 39 years	1,620	770	850	5.4	5.2	5.5
40 to 44 years	2,190	1,015	1,175	7.3	6.9	7.6
45 to 49 years	2,410	1,145	1,265	8.0	7.8	8.2
50 to 54 years	2,375	1,205	1,170	7.9	8.2	7.6
55 to 59 years	2,430	1,205	1,225	8.1	8.2	8.0
60 to 64 years	2,030	985	1,040	6.8	6.7	6.8
65 years and over	5,405	2,470	2,935	18.0	16.8	19.1
65 to 69 years	1,600	765	830	5.3	5.2	5.4
70 to 74 years	1,580	700	885	5.3	4.8	5.8
75 to 79 years	1,190	565	625	4.0	3.9	4.1
80 to 84 years	650	295	355	2.2	2.0	2.3
85 years and over	390	150	240	1.3	1.0	1.6
85 to 89 years	275	125	150	0.9	0.9	1.0
90 to 94 years	105	20	80	0.3	0.1	0.5
95 to 99 years	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
100 years and over	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	17.3	18.0	16.7	17.3	18.0	16.7
15 to 64 years	64.7	65.2	64.2	64.7	65.2	64.2
65 years and over	18.0	16.8	19.1	18.0	16.8	19.1
85 years and over	1.3	1.0	1.6	1.3	1.0	1.6
Average age of the population	41.9	41.1	42.6	41.9	41.1	42.6
Median age of the population	44.4	43.6	44.8	44.4	43.6	44.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	11,610	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	7,755	...	...	66.8	...	...
Semi-detached house	675	...	...	5.8	...	...
Row house	115	...	...	1.0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	185	...	...	1.6	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	2,835	...	...	24.4	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	5	...	...	0.0	...	...
Other single-attached house	30	...	...	0.3	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	5	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	11,610	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	2,640	...	...	22.7	...	...
2 persons	4,190	...	...	36.1	...	...
3 persons	1,880	...	...	16.2	...	...
4 persons	2,085	...	...	18.0	...	...
5 or more persons	820	...	...	7.1	...	...
Number of persons in private households	29,335	14,415	14,925	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.5	...	...	2.5	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	24,845	12,035	12,805	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	15,635	7,800	7,840	62.9	64.8	61.2
Married	8,615	4,295	4,320	34.7	35.7	33.7
Living common-law	7,025	3,505	3,520	28.3	29.1	27.5
Living common law - Never married	5,705	2,820	2,885	23.0	23.4	22.5
Living common law - Separated	65	35	25	0.3	0.3	0.2
Living common law - Divorced	1,140	595	545	4.6	4.9	4.3
Living common law - Widowed	110	45	65	0.4	0.4	0.5
Not married and not living common-law	9,205	4,240	4,965	37.0	35.2	38.8
Not married and not living common law - Never married	6,675	3,455	3,220	26.9	28.7	25.1
Not married and not living common law - Separated	250	105	150	1.0	0.9	1.2
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	1,335	480	855	5.4	4.0	6.7
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	940	205	740	3.8	1.7	5.8
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	8,875	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	4,270	...	...	48.1	...	...
3 persons	1,860	...	...	21.0	...	...
4 persons	2,050	...	...	23.1	...	...
5 or more persons	700	...	...	7.9	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	8,875	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	7,580	...	...	85.4	...	...
Married couples	4,085	...	...	46.0	...	...
With children⁶	1,905	...	...	21.5	...	...
Without children	2,180	...	...	24.6	...	...
Common-law couples	3,490	...	...	39.3	...	...
With children⁶	2,110	...	...	23.8	...	...
Without children	1,380	...	...	15.5	...	...
Total one-parent families	1,300	...	...	14.6	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	915	...	...	10.3	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	385	...	...	4.3	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	29,335	14,415	14,925	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	25,985	12,945	13,040	88.6	89.8	87.4
Married spouses or common-law partners	15,150	7,565	7,590	51.6	52.5	50.9
Parents in one-parent families	1,295	385	915	4.4	2.7	6.1
Children⁶	9,535	5,000	4,535	32.5	34.7	30.4
In a two-parent family	7,515	3,975	3,535	25.6	27.6	23.7
In a one-parent family	2,015	1,020	1,000	6.9	7.1	6.7
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	3,350	1,465	1,885	11.4	10.2	12.6
Living alone	2,635	1,120	1,520	9.0	7.8	10.2
Living with other relatives⁷	320	120	195	1.1	0.8	1.3
Living with non-relatives only	395	220	170	1.3	1.5	1.1
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	11,605	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	8,425	...	...	72.6	...	...
Couple-family households	7,265	...	...	62.6	...	...
With children⁶	3,865	...	...	33.3	...	...
Without children	3,395	...	...	29.3	...	...
One-parent-family households	1,160	...	...	10.0	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	150	...	...	1.3	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	35	...	...	0.3	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	175	...	...	1.5	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	190	...	...	1.6	...	...
One-person households	2,635	...	...	22.7	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	24,130	11,780	12,360	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	23,545	11,495	12,050	97.6	97.6	97.5
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	51,600	59,600	45,200	51,600	59,600	45,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	23,555	11,495	12,060	97.6	97.6	97.6
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	44,000	49,600	39,600	44,000	49,600	39,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	22,535	11,155	11,375	93.4	94.7	92.0
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	44,400	54,400	36,800	44,400	54,400	36,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	18,715	9,505	9,210	77.6	80.7	74.5
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	47,600	56,400	41,200	47,600	56,400	41,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	17,615	7,725	9,890	73.0	65.6	80.0
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,400	8,600	9,900	9,400	8,600	9,900
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,275	1,140	1,140	9.4	9.7	9.2
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,480	5,280	5,600	5,480	5,280	5,600
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,195	3,180	3,015	25.7	27.0	24.4
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	6,000	7,500	6,000	6,000	7,500
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	24,135	11,780	12,355	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	23,510	11,460	12,055	97.4	97.3	97.6
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	62,250	72,100	52,850	62,250	72,100	52,850
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	23,525	11,465	12,055	97.5	97.3	97.6
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	49,600	56,000	43,520	49,600	56,000	43,520
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	22,445	11,120	11,335	93.0	94.4	91.7
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	56,450	67,000	46,080	56,450	67,000	46,080
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	18,710	9,390	9,320	77.5	79.7	75.4
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	57,200	66,100	48,280	57,200	66,100	48,280
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	17,610	7,720	9,885	73.0	65.5	80.0
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,150	10,560	11,610	11,150	10,560	11,610
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,235	1,140	1,095	9.3	9.7	8.9
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,940	6,600	9,360	7,940	6,600	9,360
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,245	3,100	3,140	25.9	26.3	25.4
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,340	6,810	7,860	7,340	6,810	7,860
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	24,135	11,780	12,355	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	9,825	5,200	4,625	40.7	44.1	37.4
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	75,000	81,000	67,000	75,000	81,000	67,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	83,900	94,200	72,300	83,900	94,200	72,300
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	7,495	3,445	4,050	31.1	29.2	32.8
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	18,600	20,000	17,600	18,600	20,000	17,600
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	30,520	34,640	27,000	30,520	34,640	27,000
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	86.6	90.2	82.0	86.6	90.2	82.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	73.2	75.0	70.6	73.2	75.0	70.6
Government transfers (%)²⁰	13.4	9.9	18.0	13.4	9.9	18.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.2	0.9	1.6	1.2	0.9	1.6
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	3.6	2.9	4.6	3.6	2.9	4.6
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	3.1	2.6	3.9	3.1	2.6	3.9
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	24,135	11,775	12,355	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	590	290	300	2.4	2.5	2.4
With total income	23,545	11,490	12,055	97.6	97.6	97.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,515	645	875	6.4	5.6	7.3
$10,000 to $19,999	2,340	870	1,465	9.9	7.6	12.2
$20,000 to $29,999	2,725	1,095	1,625	11.6	9.5	13.5
$30,000 to $39,999	2,290	975	1,320	9.7	8.5	10.9
$40,000 to $49,999	2,535	1,145	1,390	10.8	10.0	11.5
$50,000 to $59,999	2,290	1,050	1,240	9.7	9.1	10.3
$60,000 to $69,999	1,965	1,000	960	8.3	8.7	8.0
$70,000 to $79,999	1,710	945	765	7.3	8.2	6.3
$80,000 to $89,999	1,545	835	710	6.6	7.3	5.9
$90,000 to $99,999	1,065	575	485	4.5	5.0	4.0
$100,000 and over	3,565	2,345	1,215	15.1	20.4	10.1
$100,000 to $149,999	2,490	1,570	925	10.6	13.7	7.7
$150,000 and over	1,070	775	290	4.5	6.7	2.4
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	24,135	11,775	12,355	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	580	285	295	2.4	2.4	2.4
With after-tax income	23,555	11,495	12,060	97.6	97.6	97.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,675	675	1,000	7.1	5.9	8.3
$10,000 to $19,999	2,495	940	1,555	10.6	8.2	12.9
$20,000 to $29,999	3,190	1,315	1,875	13.5	11.4	15.5
$30,000 to $39,999	3,050	1,355	1,690	12.9	11.8	14.0
$40,000 to $49,999	3,255	1,540	1,715	13.8	13.4	14.2
$50,000 to $59,999	2,695	1,385	1,310	11.4	12.0	10.9
$60,000 to $69,999	2,335	1,305	1,035	9.9	11.4	8.6
$70,000 to $79,999	1,585	840	745	6.7	7.3	6.2
$80,000 to $89,999	1,095	650	445	4.6	5.7	3.7
$90,000 to $99,999	715	455	265	3.0	4.0	2.2
$100,000 and over	1,470	1,030	440	6.2	9.0	3.6
$100,000 to $124,999	815	555	260	3.5	4.8	2.2
$125,000 and over	650	475	180	2.8	4.1	1.5
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	24,135	11,775	12,355	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	5,420	2,275	3,145	22.5	19.3	25.5
With employment income	18,715	9,505	9,205	77.5	80.7	74.5
Under $5,000 (including loss)	2,115	1,045	1,070	11.3	11.0	11.6
$5,000 to $9,999	1,325	635	695	7.1	6.7	7.6
$10,000 to $19,999	2,080	900	1,175	11.1	9.5	12.8
$20,000 to $29,999	1,325	535	795	7.1	5.6	8.6
$30,000 to $39,999	1,340	585	755	7.2	6.2	8.2
$40,000 to $49,999	1,505	645	855	8.0	6.8	9.3
$50,000 to $59,999	1,420	670	755	7.6	7.0	8.2
$60,000 to $69,999	1,360	715	640	7.3	7.5	7.0
$70,000 to $79,999	1,275	715	560	6.8	7.5	6.1
$80,000 to $89,999	1,270	645	630	6.8	6.8	6.8
$90,000 to $99,999	785	465	315	4.2	4.9	3.4
$100,000 and over	2,925	1,960	965	15.6	20.6	10.5
$100,000 to $124,999	1,400	885	515	7.5	9.3	5.6
$125,000 and over	1,525	1,075	450	8.1	11.3	4.9
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	24,130	11,780	12,360	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	23,020	11,225	11,800	95.4	95.3	95.5
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	50,800	60,000	44,000	50,800	60,000	44,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	23,040	11,225	11,810	95.5	95.3	95.6
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	43,200	49,600	38,000	43,200	49,600	38,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	22,050	10,925	11,130	91.4	92.7	90.0
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	46,400	56,800	38,400	46,400	56,800	38,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	18,610	9,415	9,195	77.1	79.9	74.4
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	48,800	58,400	42,000	48,800	58,400	42,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	15,460	6,495	8,960	64.1	55.1	72.5
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,240	4,560	7,250	6,240	4,560	7,250
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	2,190	1,090	1,100	9.1	9.3	8.9
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,280	3,960	5,120	4,280	3,960	5,120
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	24,135	11,780	12,355	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	23,105	11,250	11,855	95.7	95.5	96.0
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	60,400	71,500	49,880	60,400	71,500	49,880
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	23,110	11,250	11,860	95.8	95.5	96.0
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	47,720	54,900	40,960	47,720	54,900	40,960
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	22,050	10,905	11,145	91.4	92.6	90.2
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	57,200	68,900	45,800	57,200	68,900	45,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	18,705	9,380	9,320	77.5	79.6	75.4
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	57,650	67,300	47,880	57,650	67,300	47,880
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	15,480	6,510	8,970	64.1	55.3	72.6
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,620	8,080	9,020	8,620	8,080	9,020
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,135	1,095	1,040	8.8	9.3	8.4
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,730	4,920	8,640	6,730	4,920	8,640
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	24,135	11,780	12,355	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	9,785	5,185	4,600	40.5	44.0	37.2
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	71,500	80,000	63,600	71,500	80,000	63,600
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	80,200	90,900	68,100	80,200	90,900	68,100
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	7,175	3,290	3,885	29.7	27.9	31.4
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	23,200	27,400	21,000	23,200	27,400	21,000
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	36,280	42,640	30,840	36,280	42,640	30,840
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	90.4	93.4	86.4	90.4	93.4	86.4
Employment income (%)	77.2	78.6	75.4	77.2	78.6	75.4
Government transfers (%)	9.6	6.5	13.7	9.6	6.5	13.7
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.0	0.7	1.5	1.0	0.7	1.5
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	11,610	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	107,000	...	...	107,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	89,000	...	...	89,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	2,635	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	50,000	...	...	50,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	42,800	...	...	42,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	8,975	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	127,000	...	...	127,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	105,000	...	...	105,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	11,610	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	126,100	...	...	126,100	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	100,500	...	...	100,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	2,630	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	55,900	...	...	55,900	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	46,000	...	...	46,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	8,975	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	146,600	...	...	146,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	116,500	...	...	116,500	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	11,610	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	30	...	...	0.3	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	25	...	...	0.2	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	45	...	...	0.4	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	75	...	...	0.6	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	230	...	...	2.0	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	230	...	...	2.0	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	215	...	...	1.9	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	300	...	...	2.6	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	345	...	...	3.0	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	345	...	...	3.0	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	695	...	...	6.0	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	710	...	...	6.1	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	740	...	...	6.4	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	685	...	...	5.9	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	685	...	...	5.9	...	...
$100,000 and over	6,260	...	...	53.9	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,520	...	...	13.1	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,305	...	...	11.2	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,690	...	...	14.6	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,740	...	...	15.0	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	11,610	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	55	...	...	0.5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	25	...	...	0.2	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	45	...	...	0.4	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	85	...	...	0.7	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	250	...	...	2.2	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	300	...	...	2.6	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	290	...	...	2.5	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	410	...	...	3.5	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	440	...	...	3.8	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	420	...	...	3.6	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	895	...	...	7.7	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	995	...	...	8.6	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	835	...	...	7.2	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	850	...	...	7.3	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	815	...	...	7.0	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,905	...	...	42.2	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,735	...	...	14.9	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,200	...	...	10.3	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,975	...	...	17.0	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	8,830	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	128,000	...	...	128,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	105,000	...	...	105,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	3,415	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	99,000	...	...	99,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	83,000	...	...	83,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	4,035	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	166,000	...	...	166,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	135,000	...	...	135,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,260	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	90,000	...	...	90,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	75,500	...	...	75,500	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	3,035	1,340	1,690	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	48,800	54,800	44,800	48,800	54,800	44,800
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	42,000	45,600	39,200	42,000	45,600	39,200
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	8,850	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	146,800	...	...	146,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	116,500	...	...	116,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	3,445	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	115,200	...	...	115,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	93,400	...	...	93,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	4,030	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	189,800	...	...	189,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	148,000	...	...	148,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,300	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	98,200	...	...	98,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	80,600	...	...	80,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	3,020	1,430	1,595	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	54,400	59,950	49,400	54,400	59,950	49,400
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	44,920	48,680	41,560	44,920	48,680	41,560
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	29,335	14,410	14,925	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	6,510	3,295	3,215	22.2	22.9	21.5
0 to 5 years	1,570	800	775	5.4	5.6	5.2
18 to 64 years	18,115	8,900	9,215	61.8	61.8	61.7
65 years and over	4,710	2,215	2,495	16.1	15.4	16.7
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,090	450	640	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	190	90	105	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	40	20	25	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	510	245	265	...	...	...
65 years and over	390	115	275	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	3.7	3.1	4.3	3.7	3.1	4.3
0 to 17 years (%)	2.9	2.7	3.1	2.9	2.7	3.1
0 to 5 years (%)	2.7	2.0	3.2	2.7	2.0	3.2
18 to 64 years (%)	2.8	2.7	2.9	2.8	2.7	2.9
65 years and over (%)	8.3	5.3	11.0	8.3	5.3	11.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	29,340	14,415	14,925	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	6,515	3,295	3,215	22.2	22.9	21.5
0 to 5 years	1,575	800	775	5.4	5.5	5.2
18 to 64 years	18,115	8,900	9,215	61.7	61.7	61.7
65 years and over	4,710	2,215	2,495	16.1	15.4	16.7
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	505	230	275	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	90	45	40	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	25	15	10	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	320	155	165	...	...	...
65 years and over	95	25	70	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	1.7	1.6	1.8	1.7	1.6	1.8
0 to 17 years (%)	1.4	1.4	1.3	1.4	1.4	1.3
0 to 5 years (%)	1.4	1.6	1.2	1.4	1.6	1.2
18 to 64 years (%)	1.8	1.8	1.8	1.8	1.8	1.8
65 years and over (%)	2.0	1.2	2.8	2.0	1.2	2.8
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	29,335	14,410	14,925	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	10,070	4,670	5,395	34.3	32.4	36.1
In bottom decile	900	380	525	3.1	2.6	3.5
In second decile	1,450	620	835	4.9	4.3	5.6
In third decile	2,045	960	1,080	7.0	6.7	7.2
In fourth decile	2,520	1,185	1,330	8.6	8.2	8.9
In fifth decile	3,150	1,525	1,625	10.7	10.6	10.9
In top half of the distribution	19,270	9,735	9,530	65.7	67.6	63.9
In sixth decile	3,405	1,665	1,740	11.6	11.6	11.7
In seventh decile	3,965	1,995	1,975	13.5	13.8	13.2
In eighth decile	4,110	2,090	2,020	14.0	14.5	13.5
In ninth decile	3,970	2,030	1,940	13.5	14.1	13.0
In top decile	3,815	1,960	1,850	13.0	13.6	12.4
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	29,340	...	...	29,340	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.284	...	...	0.284	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.361	...	...	0.361	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.244	...	...	0.244	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.0	...	...	3.0	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	29,465	14,440	15,025	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	155	80	70	0.5	0.6	0.5
French only	13,935	6,260	7,675	47.3	43.4	51.1
English and French	15,320	8,070	7,250	52.0	55.9	48.3
Neither English nor French	55	30	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	29,465	14,440	15,025	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	735	380	355	2.5	2.6	2.4
French	28,255	13,805	14,450	95.9	95.6	96.2
English and French	425	225	200	1.4	1.6	1.3
Neither English nor French	50	25	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	29,465	14,440	15,025	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	28,905	14,150	14,755	98.1	98.0	98.2
Official languages	27,600	13,515	14,090	93.7	93.6	93.8
English	540	280	260	1.8	1.9	1.7
French	27,055	13,230	13,830	91.8	91.6	92.0
Non-official languages	1,305	640	665	4.4	4.4	4.4
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,305	640	665	4.4	4.4	4.4
Afro-Asiatic languages	295	145	145	1.0	1.0	1.0
Berber languages	45	25	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Kabyle	45	15	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
Tamazight	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	245	125	125	0.8	0.9	0.8
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	245	125	120	0.8	0.9	0.8
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Vietnamese	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	40	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
Haitian Creole	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	785	400	385	2.7	2.8	2.6
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	115	45	65	0.4	0.3	0.4
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	115	45	65	0.4	0.3	0.4
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Russian	50	20	30	0.2	0.1	0.2
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	15	5	5	0.1	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
German	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	15	5	5	0.1	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	40	25	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	590	310	290	2.0	2.1	1.9
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	80	50	25	0.3	0.3	0.2
Portuguese	55	25	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Romanian	75	35	45	0.3	0.2	0.3
Spanish	385	195	190	1.3	1.4	1.3
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	65	30	40	0.2	0.2	0.3
Chinese languages	65	30	40	0.2	0.2	0.3
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	55	20	30	0.2	0.1	0.2
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	560	285	270	1.9	2.0	1.8
English and French	300	155	150	1.0	1.1	1.0
English and non-official language(s)	20	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	180	85	90	0.6	0.6	0.6
English, French and non-official language(s)	45	25	20	0.2	0.2	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	29,465	14,440	15,025	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	300	160	145	1.0	1.1	1.0
French	26,330	12,890	13,440	89.4	89.3	89.5
Non-official language	310	160	150	1.1	1.1	1.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	310	160	150	1.1	1.1	1.0
English and French	1,405	695	705	4.8	4.8	4.7
English and non-official language(s)	70	30	40	0.2	0.2	0.3
French and non-official language(s)	665	320	345	2.3	2.2	2.3
English, French and non-official language(s)	380	185	195	1.3	1.3	1.3
Multiple non-official languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	29,465	14,440	15,025	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	28,885	14,150	14,735	98.0	98.0	98.1
Official languages	28,300	13,855	14,445	96.0	95.9	96.1
English	535	270	260	1.8	1.9	1.7
French	27,765	13,585	14,185	94.2	94.1	94.4
Non-official languages	590	295	290	2.0	2.0	1.9
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	590	295	290	2.0	2.0	1.9
Afro-Asiatic languages	85	40	45	0.3	0.3	0.3
Berber languages	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kabyle	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	60	30	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	60	30	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	395	210	190	1.3	1.5	1.3
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	60	30	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	60	30	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	35	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	40	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	15	5	5	0.1	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	295	155	140	1.0	1.1	0.9
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	45	25	20	0.2	0.2	0.1
Spanish	225	120	105	0.8	0.8	0.7
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	10	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	45	20	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
Chinese languages	45	20	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	35	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	585	285	295	2.0	2.0	2.0
English and French	305	150	155	1.0	1.0	1.0
English and non-official language(s)	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	210	105	100	0.7	0.7	0.7
English, French and non-official language(s)	55	30	20	0.2	0.2	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	29,465	14,440	15,025	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	27,430	13,455	13,975	93.1	93.2	93.0
English	1,040	510	530	3.5	3.5	3.5
French	340	165	175	1.2	1.1	1.2
Non-official language	385	175	210	1.3	1.2	1.4
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	385	175	210	1.3	1.2	1.4
English and French	60	35	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
English and non-official language(s)	150	75	80	0.5	0.5	0.5
French and non-official language(s)	50	25	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	29,335	14,410	14,925	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	29,290	14,390	14,905	99.8	99.9	99.9
English	15,435	8,190	7,245	52.6	56.8	48.5
French	29,165	14,320	14,850	99.4	99.4	99.5
Non-official languages	2,680	1,240	1,440	9.1	8.6	9.6
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	2,680	1,240	1,440	9.1	8.6	9.6
Afro-Asiatic languages	725	335	400	2.5	2.3	2.7
Berber languages	195	90	105	0.7	0.6	0.7
Kabyle	170	70	100	0.6	0.5	0.7
Tamazight	25	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	620	285	335	2.1	2.0	2.2
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	620	285	335	2.1	2.0	2.2
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	85	35	50	0.3	0.2	0.3
Haitian Creole	85	35	45	0.3	0.2	0.3
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,740	830	910	5.9	5.8	6.1
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	90	45	45	0.3	0.3	0.3
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	90	45	45	0.3	0.3	0.3
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Russian	50	20	30	0.2	0.1	0.2
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Bosnian	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	95	45	50	0.3	0.3	0.3
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	85	45	40	0.3	0.3	0.3
German	85	45	40	0.3	0.3	0.3
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Iranian languages	45	20	30	0.2	0.1	0.2
Indo-Aryan languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,545	740	805	5.3	5.1	5.4
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	180	115	70	0.6	0.8	0.5
Portuguese	130	60	65	0.4	0.4	0.4
Romanian	105	45	60	0.4	0.3	0.4
Spanish	1,230	580	650	4.2	4.0	4.4
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Korean	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	40	30	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	35	10	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Sign languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	75	30	45	0.3	0.2	0.3
Chinese languages	75	30	45	0.3	0.2	0.3
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	70	30	40	0.2	0.2	0.3
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	29,335	14,410	14,925	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	365	165	195	1.2	1.1	1.3
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	325	140	180	1.1	1.0	1.2
First Nations (North American Indian)	210	105	110	0.7	0.7	0.7
Métis	110	40	70	0.4	0.3	0.5
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	35	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-Indigenous identity	28,975	14,245	14,725	98.8	98.9	98.7
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	29,335	14,410	14,925	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	135	45	90	0.5	0.3	0.6
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	29,205	14,370	14,835	99.6	99.7	99.4
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	11,610	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	9,260	...	...	79.8	...	...
Renter	2,350	...	...	20.2	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	11,610	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	1,335	...	...	11.5	...	...
Not condominium	10,275	...	...	88.5	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	11,610	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	15	...	...	0.1	...	...
1 bedroom	840	...	...	7.2	...	...
2 bedrooms	2,705	...	...	23.3	...	...
3 bedrooms	4,130	...	...	35.6	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	3,915	...	...	33.7	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	11,610	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	2,485	...	...	21.4	...	...
5 rooms	1,115	...	...	9.6	...	...
6 rooms	1,130	...	...	9.7	...	...
7 rooms	1,690	...	...	14.6	...	...
8 or more rooms	5,195	...	...	44.7	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	7.1	...	...	7.1	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	11,610	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	11,585	...	...	99.8	...	...
More than one person per room	25	...	...	0.2	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	11,610	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	11,445	...	...	98.6	...	...
Not suitable	160	...	...	1.4	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	11,610	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	250	...	...	2.2	...	...
1961 to 1980	3,920	...	...	33.8	...	...
1981 to 1990	2,330	...	...	20.1	...	...
1991 to 2000	2,685	...	...	23.1	...	...
2001 to 2005	1,180	...	...	10.2	...	...
2006 to 2010	315	...	...	2.7	...	...
2011 to 2015	285	...	...	2.5	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	640	...	...	5.5	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	11,610	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	11,275	...	...	97.1	...	...
Major repairs needed	335	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	11,610	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	5,335	...	...	46.0	...	...
Two-maintainer household	6,060	...	...	52.2	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	215	...	...	1.9	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	11,610	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	135	...	...	1.2	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,090	...	...	9.4	...	...
35 to 44 years	2,095	...	...	18.0	...	...
45 to 54 years	2,825	...	...	24.3	...	...
55 to 64 years	2,565	...	...	22.1	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,855	...	...	16.0	...	...
75 to 84 years	940	...	...	8.1	...	...
85 years and over	105	...	...	0.9	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	11,590	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	10,395	...	...	89.7	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	1,195	...	...	10.3	...	...
30% to less than 100%	1,100	...	...	9.5	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	11,605	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	1,625	...	...	14.0	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	1,135	...	...	9.8	...	...
Not suitable only	145	...	...	1.2	...	...
Major repairs needed only	275	...	...	2.4	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	15	...	...	0.1	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	55	...	...	0.5	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	10	...	...	0.1	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	9,985	...	...	86.0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	11,495	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	275	...	...	2.4	...	...
Not in core need	11,225	...	...	97.7	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	9,250	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	65.6	...	...	65.6	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	6.3	...	...	6.3	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.8	...	...	0.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,300	...	...	1,300	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,296	...	...	1,296	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	400,000	...	...	400,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	434,800	...	...	434,800	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,350	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	3.2	...	...	3.2	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	26.0	...	...	26.0	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	8.7	...	...	8.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	940	...	...	940	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,015	...	...	1,015	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	29,340	14,415	14,925	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	345	145	200	1.2	1.0	1.3
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	345	145	200	1.2	1.0	1.3
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	325	130	200	1.1	0.9	1.3
Métis single ancestry	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	590	275	320	2.0	1.9	2.1
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	590	275	320	2.0	1.9	2.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	530	245	285	1.8	1.7	1.9
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	60	25	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	28,405	13,995	14,410	96.8	97.1	96.5
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	29,340	14,415	14,925	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	28,935	14,200	14,735	98.6	98.5	98.7
Canadian citizens aged under 18	6,365	3,205	3,160	21.7	22.2	21.2
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	22,570	10,995	11,580	76.9	76.3	77.6
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	395	210	190	1.3	1.5	1.3
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	29,340	14,415	14,925	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	27,355	13,390	13,970	93.2	92.9	93.6
Immigrants⁸¹	1,865	950	915	6.4	6.6	6.1
Before 1980	325	180	145	1.1	1.2	1.0
1980 to 1990	150	100	45	0.5	0.7	0.3
1991 to 2000	285	145	135	1.0	1.0	0.9
2001 to 2010	610	305	305	2.1	2.1	2.0
2011 to 2021⁸²	495	225	275	1.7	1.6	1.8
2011 to 2015	340	150	195	1.2	1.0	1.3
2016 to 2021	155	75	80	0.5	0.5	0.5
Non-permanent residents⁸³	120	75	45	0.4	0.5	0.3
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	1,865	955	910	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	225	95	125	12.1	9.9	13.7
5 to 14 years	300	150	150	16.1	15.7	16.5
15 to 24 years	250	125	125	13.4	13.1	13.7
25 to 44 years	1,000	530	470	53.6	55.5	51.6
45 years and over	90	45	45	4.8	4.7	4.9
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	1,865	955	910	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	495	245	250	26.5	25.7	27.5
Brazil	40	10	25	2.1	1.0	2.7
Colombia	95	50	45	5.1	5.2	4.9
El Salvador	10	10	0	0.5	1.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	55	20	30	2.9	2.1	3.3
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	45	15	30	2.4	1.6	3.3
Peru	55	25	25	2.9	2.6	2.7
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	30	20	15	1.6	2.1	1.6
Other places of birth in Americas	165	95	75	8.8	9.9	8.2
Europe	670	375	300	35.9	39.3	33.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	10	10	10	0.5	1.0	1.1
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	380	215	160	20.4	22.5	17.6
Germany	10	10	0	0.5	1.0	0.0
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	30	30	0	1.6	3.1	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	15	0	10	0.8	0.0	1.1
Portugal	25	15	0	1.3	1.6	0.0
Romania	80	35	40	4.3	3.7	4.4
Russian Federation	10	0	0	0.5	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	100	50	50	5.4	5.2	5.5
Africa	500	260	235	26.8	27.2	25.8
Algeria	155	65	90	8.3	6.8	9.9
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	10	0	0	0.5	0.0	0.0
Egypt	50	30	15	2.7	3.1	1.6
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	190	105	85	10.2	11.0	9.3
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	95	60	35	5.1	6.3	3.8
Asia	205	75	125	11.0	7.9	13.7
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	15	0	0	0.8	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	35	10	25	1.9	1.0	2.7
Syria⁸⁹	10	0	10	0.5	0.0	1.1
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	50	15	35	2.7	1.6	3.8
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	15	0	10	0.8	0.0	1.1
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	25	15	0	1.3	1.6	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	10	0	10	0.5	0.0	1.1
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	30	15	15	1.6	1.6	1.6
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	155	70	80	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	55	30	30	35.5	42.9	37.5
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	25	10	10	16.1	14.3	12.5
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	65	40	25	41.9	57.1	31.3
France	50	30	20	32.3	42.9	25.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	10	10	10	6.5	14.3	12.5
Africa	15	0	15	9.7	0.0	18.8
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	10	0	10	6.5	0.0	12.5
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	20	0	15	12.9	0.0	18.8
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	29,335	14,410	14,925	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	2,140	1,100	1,045	7.3	7.6	7.0
Second generation¹⁰¹	2,140	990	1,145	7.3	6.9	7.7
Third generation or more¹⁰²	25,065	12,320	12,735	85.4	85.5	85.3
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	1,540	775	770	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	1,050	575	475	68.2	74.2	61.7
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	525	340	185	34.1	43.9	24.0
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	520	235	295	33.8	30.3	38.3
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	350	140	215	22.7	18.1	27.9
Refugees¹⁰⁸	140	60	80	9.1	7.7	10.4
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	1,540	775	770	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	90	45	40	5.8	5.8	5.2
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	185	115	75	12.0	14.8	9.7
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	50	35	15	3.2	4.5	1.9
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	85	55	25	5.5	7.1	3.2
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	20	0	15	1.3	0.0	1.9
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	1,110	515	595	72.1	66.5	77.3
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	29,335	14,410	14,925	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	1,735	845	890	5.9	5.9	6.0
South Asian	40	10	35	0.1	0.1	0.2
Chinese	125	40	90	0.4	0.3	0.6
Black	405	185	220	1.4	1.3	1.5
Filipino	30	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Arab	535	295	240	1.8	2.0	1.6
Latin American	385	190	190	1.3	1.3	1.3
Southeast Asian	85	40	45	0.3	0.3	0.3
West Asian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Korean	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Multiple visible minorities	80	60	25	0.3	0.4	0.2
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	27,605	13,570	14,030	94.1	94.2	94.0
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	29,335	14,410	14,925	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	10,310	4,970	5,340	35.1	34.5	35.8
English	505	245	260	1.7	1.7	1.7
Irish	1,540	750	795	5.2	5.2	5.3
Scottish	525	300	225	1.8	2.1	1.5
French, n.o.s.¹²²	8,430	4,150	4,280	28.7	28.8	28.7
German	365	185	180	1.2	1.3	1.2
Chinese	135	50	85	0.5	0.3	0.6
Italian	785	425	365	2.7	2.9	2.4
Indian (India)	45	15	30	0.2	0.1	0.2
Ukrainian	110	55	55	0.4	0.4	0.4
Dutch	35	10	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
Polish	95	50	40	0.3	0.3	0.3
Québécois	3,515	1,720	1,795	12.0	11.9	12.0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	45	30	20	0.2	0.2	0.1
Filipino	50	35	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
French Canadian	2,720	1,345	1,375	9.3	9.3	9.2
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	485	210	275	1.7	1.5	1.8
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	445	235	215	1.5	1.6	1.4
Métis	75	40	35	0.3	0.3	0.2
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	380	225	155	1.3	1.6	1.0
Russian	70	30	40	0.2	0.2	0.3
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	150	65	80	0.5	0.5	0.5
American	135	40	100	0.5	0.3	0.7
Spanish	215	120	95	0.7	0.8	0.6
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	40	25	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Acadian	410	205	205	1.4	1.4	1.4
Pakistani	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	105	45	60	0.4	0.3	0.4
Jewish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	55	30	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	300	150	150	1.0	1.0	1.0
Greek	80	35	35	0.3	0.2	0.2
Jamaican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Korean	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	150	75	75	0.5	0.5	0.5
Lebanese	120	50	70	0.4	0.3	0.5
Iranian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	245	105	145	0.8	0.7	1.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	60	30	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	75	35	40	0.3	0.2	0.3
Belgian	280	110	170	1.0	0.8	1.1
Haitian	170	70	100	0.6	0.5	0.7
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	70	25	40	0.2	0.2	0.3
Mennonite	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	85	45	40	0.3	0.3	0.3
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	70	25	45	0.2	0.2	0.3
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Muslim	45	30	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Egyptian	70	45	25	0.2	0.3	0.2
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombian	145	70	70	0.5	0.5	0.5
Moroccan	210	90	120	0.7	0.6	0.8
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syrian	80	35	45	0.3	0.2	0.3
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	120	50	75	0.4	0.3	0.5
Brazilian	80	35	50	0.3	0.2	0.3
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	45	15	30	0.2	0.1	0.2
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	30	10	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	90	45	45	0.3	0.3	0.3
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	100	65	30	0.3	0.5	0.2
Yoruba	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	50	15	30	0.2	0.1	0.2
Berber	120	60	65	0.4	0.4	0.4
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	60	15	45	0.2	0.1	0.3
New Brunswicker	35	0	30	0.1	0.0	0.2
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	45	25	20	0.2	0.2	0.1
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	60	35	20	0.2	0.2	0.1
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	70	30	45	0.2	0.2	0.3
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	35	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Coptic	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	90	35	55	0.3	0.2	0.4
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	40	25	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	30	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Huron (Wendat)	55	20	30	0.2	0.1	0.2
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	90	25	60	0.3	0.2	0.4
Norman	20	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	15	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	29,340	14,410	14,925	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Christian	20,000	9,610	10,390	68.2	66.7	69.6
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	1,515	815	695	5.2	5.7	4.7
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	20	20	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Baptist	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Catholic	17,885	8,490	9,395	61.0	58.9	62.9
Christian Orthodox	170	80	90	0.6	0.6	0.6
Jehovah's Witness	80	50	30	0.3	0.3	0.2
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lutheran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	75	45	40	0.3	0.3	0.3
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	195	85	110	0.7	0.6	0.7
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	770	335	435	2.6	2.3	2.9
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	50	20	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
No religion and secular perspectives	8,490	4,430	4,055	28.9	30.7	27.2
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	29,135	14,295	14,845	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	26,580	13,045	13,530	91.2	91.3	91.1
Movers	2,555	1,245	1,310	8.8	8.7	8.8
Non-migrants	990	465	525	3.4	3.3	3.5
Migrants	1,560	780	780	5.4	5.5	5.3
Internal migrants	1,525	750	770	5.2	5.2	5.2
Intraprovincial migrants	1,490	740	755	5.1	5.2	5.1
Interprovincial migrants	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
External migrants	40	30	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	28,130	13,800	14,330	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	19,505	9,575	9,930	69.3	69.4	69.3
Movers	8,630	4,225	4,400	30.7	30.6	30.7
Non-migrants	2,725	1,335	1,385	9.7	9.7	9.7
Migrants	5,905	2,890	3,010	21.0	20.9	21.0
Internal migrants	5,660	2,740	2,920	20.1	19.9	20.4
Intraprovincial migrants	5,555	2,680	2,870	19.7	19.4	20.0
Interprovincial migrants	105	55	45	0.4	0.4	0.3
External migrants	245	155	95	0.9	1.1	0.7
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	24,135	11,780	12,355	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	3,315	1,805	1,505	13.7	15.3	12.2
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	20,820	9,970	10,845	86.3	84.6	87.8
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	15,665	7,575	8,090	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,195	785	410	7.6	10.4	5.1
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	14,470	6,785	7,680	92.4	89.6	94.9
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	24,130	11,780	12,355	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,905	1,485	1,415	12.0	12.6	11.5
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	5,010	2,410	2,600	20.8	20.5	21.0
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	16,220	7,880	8,345	67.2	66.9	67.5
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	9,790	5,145	4,645	40.6	43.7	37.6
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	3,655	2,310	1,350	15.1	19.6	10.9
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	2,670	1,490	1,170	11.1	12.6	9.5
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	985	815	170	4.1	6.9	1.4
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	5,020	2,365	2,645	20.8	20.1	21.4
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,115	470	650	4.6	4.0	5.3
Bachelor's degree or higher	6,430	2,730	3,700	26.6	23.2	29.9
Bachelor's degree	4,420	1,765	2,655	18.3	15.0	21.5
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	595	235	360	2.5	2.0	2.9
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	90	50	40	0.4	0.4	0.3
Master's degree	1,155	580	580	4.8	4.9	4.7
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	175	95	80	0.7	0.8	0.6
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	15,665	7,575	8,090	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	915	575	340	5.8	7.6	4.2
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	2,320	1,135	1,190	14.8	15.0	14.7
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,425	5,870	6,560	79.3	77.5	81.1
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	7,030	3,665	3,370	44.9	48.4	41.7
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,760	1,655	1,105	17.6	21.8	13.7
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	2,020	1,065	960	12.9	14.1	11.9
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	735	590	145	4.7	7.8	1.8
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	3,470	1,665	1,800	22.2	22.0	22.2
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	810	340	465	5.2	4.5	5.7
Bachelor's degree or higher	5,395	2,205	3,190	34.4	29.1	39.4
Bachelor's degree	3,715	1,475	2,235	23.7	19.5	27.6
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	485	170	310	3.1	2.2	3.8
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	75	35	35	0.5	0.5	0.4
Master's degree	990	465	520	6.3	6.1	6.4
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	140	60	75	0.9	0.8	0.9
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	24,135	11,775	12,360	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	7,915	3,900	4,015	32.8	33.1	32.5
Education	1,350	280	1,065	5.6	2.4	8.6
13. Education	1,350	280	1,065	5.6	2.4	8.6
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	500	225	275	2.1	1.9	2.2
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	115	65	50	0.5	0.6	0.4
50. Visual and performing arts	385	155	230	1.6	1.3	1.9
Humanities	875	330	545	3.6	2.8	4.4
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	95	25	75	0.4	0.2	0.6
23. English language and literature/letters	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	575	235	345	2.4	2.0	2.8
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	25	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
54. History	65	25	40	0.3	0.2	0.3
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	85	25	60	0.4	0.2	0.5
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,385	405	980	5.7	3.4	7.9
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	220	60	155	0.9	0.5	1.3
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	280	25	255	1.2	0.2	2.1
22. Legal professions and studies	305	110	190	1.3	0.9	1.5
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	35	0	35	0.1	0.0	0.3
42. Psychology	270	65	205	1.1	0.6	1.7
45. Social sciences	265	150	115	1.1	1.3	0.9
Business, management and public administration	4,135	1,670	2,465	17.1	14.2	19.9
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	215	45	165	0.9	0.4	1.3
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,920	1,625	2,295	16.2	13.8	18.6
Physical and life sciences and technologies	560	310	245	2.3	2.6	2.0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	240	115	125	1.0	1.0	1.0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	60	35	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	105	50	55	0.4	0.4	0.4
40. Physical sciences	90	75	20	0.4	0.6	0.2
41. Science technologies/technicians	60	35	25	0.2	0.3	0.2
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	645	465	175	2.7	3.9	1.4
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	570	440	125	2.4	3.7	1.0
25. Library science	40	0	40	0.2	0.0	0.3
27. Mathematics and statistics	35	20	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	3,540	3,100	440	14.7	26.3	3.6
04. Architecture and related services	140	75	65	0.6	0.6	0.5
14. Engineering	800	620	180	3.3	5.3	1.5
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	795	700	90	3.3	5.9	0.7
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	695	655	45	2.9	5.6	0.4
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	670	625	45	2.8	5.3	0.4
48. Precision production	445	425	20	1.8	3.6	0.2
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	280	135	155	1.2	1.1	1.3
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	240	100	135	1.0	0.8	1.1
03. Natural resources and conservation	45	25	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Health and related fields	1,730	280	1,450	7.2	2.4	11.7
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	140	75	65	0.6	0.6	0.5
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,585	205	1,380	6.6	1.7	11.2
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,210	675	535	5.0	5.7	4.3
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	555	140	415	2.3	1.2	3.4
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	435	335	100	1.8	2.8	0.8
49. Transportation and materials moving	210	195	20	0.9	1.7	0.2
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	15,665	7,575	8,090	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	3,235	1,710	1,535	20.7	22.6	19.0
Education	1,045	210	835	6.7	2.8	10.3
13. Education	1,045	210	835	6.7	2.8	10.3
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	350	160	190	2.2	2.1	2.3
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	85	50	30	0.5	0.7	0.4
50. Visual and performing arts	270	110	160	1.7	1.5	2.0
Humanities	480	165	315	3.1	2.2	3.9
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	85	15	70	0.5	0.2	0.9
23. English language and literature/letters	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	255	105	160	1.6	1.4	2.0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
54. History	45	20	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	50	0	45	0.3	0.0	0.6
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,120	295	825	7.1	3.9	10.2
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	180	50	130	1.1	0.7	1.6
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	220	10	210	1.4	0.1	2.6
22. Legal professions and studies	250	90	160	1.6	1.2	2.0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	35	0	35	0.2	0.0	0.4
42. Psychology	190	20	175	1.2	0.3	2.2
45. Social sciences	230	125	100	1.5	1.7	1.2
Business, management and public administration	3,250	1,270	1,985	20.7	16.8	24.5
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	185	40	145	1.2	0.5	1.8
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,065	1,225	1,840	19.6	16.2	22.7
Physical and life sciences and technologies	345	200	150	2.2	2.6	1.9
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	200	90	105	1.3	1.2	1.3
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	25	25	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	75	55	20	0.5	0.7	0.2
41. Science technologies/technicians	35	25	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	525	380	150	3.4	5.0	1.9
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	470	365	105	3.0	4.8	1.3
25. Library science	30	0	25	0.2	0.0	0.3
27. Mathematics and statistics	25	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	2,760	2,355	410	17.6	31.1	5.1
04. Architecture and related services	115	65	55	0.7	0.9	0.7
14. Engineering	735	560	170	4.7	7.4	2.1
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	585	500	85	3.7	6.6	1.1
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	520	480	40	3.3	6.3	0.5
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	490	450	45	3.1	5.9	0.6
48. Precision production	320	295	25	2.0	3.9	0.3
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	265	115	140	1.7	1.5	1.7
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	215	90	125	1.4	1.2	1.5
03. Natural resources and conservation	45	25	20	0.3	0.3	0.2
Health and related fields	1,315	220	1,095	8.4	2.9	13.5
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	125	65	60	0.8	0.9	0.7
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,185	150	1,035	7.6	2.0	12.8
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Personal, protective and transportation services	965	510	450	6.2	6.7	5.6
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	425	75	345	2.7	1.0	4.3
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	375	285	90	2.4	3.8	1.1
49. Transportation and materials moving	160	140	15	1.0	1.8	0.2
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	15,665	7,575	8,090	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,235	1,710	1,535	20.7	22.6	19.0
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	12,430	5,865	6,560	79.3	77.4	81.1
Location of study inside Canada	11,725	5,510	6,215	74.8	72.7	76.8
Same as province or territory of residence	11,545	5,410	6,135	73.7	71.4	75.8
Different than province or territory of residence	180	100	80	1.1	1.3	1.0
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	705	355	340	4.5	4.7	4.2
Americas	155	70	85	1.0	0.9	1.1
United States of America	30	20	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Mexico	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Cuba	30	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	30	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
Colombia	35	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Europe	325	185	140	2.1	2.4	1.7
Belgium	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
France	230	135	90	1.5	1.8	1.1
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Russian Federation	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	170	85	85	1.1	1.1	1.1
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	75	35	45	0.5	0.5	0.6
Morocco	60	35	20	0.4	0.5	0.2
Tunisia	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Asia	45	20	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	24,130	11,780	12,355	...	...	...
In the labour force	17,195	8,585	8,610	...	...	...
Employed	16,390	8,170	8,215	...	...	...
Unemployed	810	420	395	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	6,940	3,190	3,745	...	...	...
Participation rate	71.3	72.9	69.7	71.3	72.9	69.7
Employment rate	67.9	69.4	66.5	67.9	69.4	66.5
Unemployment rate	4.7	4.9	4.6	4.7	4.9	4.6
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	24,135	11,775	12,360	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	6,285	2,800	3,485	26.0	23.8	28.2
Worked	17,855	8,975	8,875	74.0	76.2	71.8
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	10,000	5,325	4,675	41.4	45.2	37.8
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	7,850	3,650	4,200	32.5	31.0	34.0
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.9	43.4	42.5	42.9	43.4	42.5
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	17,195	8,585	8,610	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	225	105	120	1.3	1.2	1.4
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	16,975	8,485	8,495	98.7	98.8	98.7
Employee	15,065	7,320	7,750	87.6	85.3	90.0
Permanent position	12,900	6,390	6,510	75.0	74.4	75.6
Temporary position	2,170	930	1,235	12.6	10.8	14.3
Fixed term (1 year or more)	730	295	435	4.2	3.4	5.1
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	1,435	635	800	8.3	7.4	9.3
Self-employed¹⁹²	1,910	1,160	745	11.1	13.5	8.7
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	17,195	8,585	8,610	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	225	105	120	1.3	1.2	1.4
All occupations¹⁹¹	16,975	8,485	8,495	98.7	98.8	98.7
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	525	360	165	3.1	4.2	1.9
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	3,470	1,060	2,405	20.2	12.3	27.9
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,680	1,285	400	9.8	15.0	4.6
3 Health occupations	1,125	175	950	6.5	2.0	11.0
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	2,475	740	1,735	14.4	8.6	20.2
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	520	265	260	3.0	3.1	3.0
6 Sales and service occupations	3,955	1,765	2,195	23.0	20.6	25.5
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,495	2,265	230	14.5	26.4	2.7
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	145	130	15	0.8	1.5	0.2
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	575	435	140	3.3	5.1	1.6
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	17,195	8,585	8,610	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	225	105	120	1.3	1.2	1.4
All industries¹⁹¹	16,975	8,485	8,495	98.7	98.8	98.7
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	95	60	40	0.6	0.7	0.5
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	50	45	10	0.3	0.5	0.1
22 Utilities	380	255	125	2.2	3.0	1.5
23 Construction	1,170	965	210	6.8	11.2	2.4
31-33 Manufacturing	1,815	1,290	520	10.6	15.0	6.0
41 Wholesale trade	695	445	250	4.0	5.2	2.9
44-45 Retail trade	2,165	1,050	1,115	12.6	12.2	13.0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	660	465	190	3.8	5.4	2.2
51 Information and cultural industries	430	260	165	2.5	3.0	1.9
52 Finance and insurance	680	250	425	4.0	2.9	4.9
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	175	80	90	1.0	0.9	1.0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,285	830	450	7.5	9.7	5.2
55 Management of companies and enterprises	40	25	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	490	295	195	2.8	3.4	2.3
61 Educational services	1,525	385	1,145	8.9	4.5	13.3
62 Health care and social assistance	2,050	320	1,735	11.9	3.7	20.2
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	350	140	210	2.0	1.6	2.4
72 Accommodation and food services	975	395	580	5.7	4.6	6.7
81 Other services (except public administration)	695	300	400	4.0	3.5	4.6
91 Public administration	1,245	620	620	7.2	7.2	7.2
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	18,460	9,285	9,175	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	270	200	75	1.5	2.2	0.8
French	13,540	6,460	7,080	73.3	69.6	77.2
Non-official language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	4,510	2,555	1,955	24.4	27.5	21.3
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	50	25	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
English, French and non-official language(s)	85	45	40	0.5	0.5	0.4
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	18,460	9,285	9,175	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	17,870	8,970	8,905	96.8	96.6	97.1
Official languages	17,865	8,965	8,900	96.8	96.6	97.0
English	905	580	325	4.9	6.2	3.5
French	16,960	8,385	8,580	91.9	90.3	93.5
Non-official languages	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	590	320	270	3.2	3.4	2.9
English and French	530	295	235	2.9	3.2	2.6
English and non-official language(s)	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	45	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	18,460	9,285	9,175	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	14,380	6,975	7,405	77.9	75.1	80.7
English	3,385	1,895	1,490	18.3	20.4	16.2
French	625	375	255	3.4	4.0	2.8
Non-official language	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	40	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	16,385	8,170	8,215	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	3,875	1,780	2,095	23.6	21.8	25.5
Worked outside Canada	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
No fixed workplace address	1,505	1,120	380	9.2	13.7	4.6
Usual place of work	10,990	5,255	5,735	67.1	64.3	69.8
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	10,990	5,255	5,735	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	3,015	1,235	1,780	27.4	23.5	31.0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	610	305	305	5.6	5.8	5.3
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	7,335	3,690	3,645	66.7	70.2	63.6
Commute to a different province or territory	30	25	10	0.3	0.5	0.2
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	12,495	6,375	6,120	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	11,265	5,880	5,385	90.2	92.2	88.0
Car, truck or van - as a driver	10,770	5,695	5,070	86.2	89.3	82.8
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	500	190	310	4.0	3.0	5.1
Public transit	475	165	310	3.8	2.6	5.1
Walked	475	185	290	3.8	2.9	4.7
Bicycle	105	75	30	0.8	1.2	0.5
Other method	175	75	95	1.4	1.2	1.6
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	12,495	6,375	6,120	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	3,710	1,675	2,040	29.7	26.3	33.3
15 to 29 minutes	5,010	2,485	2,525	40.1	39.0	41.3
30 to 44 minutes	2,425	1,415	1,010	19.4	22.2	16.5
45 to 59 minutes	760	495	270	6.1	7.8	4.4
60 minutes and over	585	310	275	4.7	4.9	4.5
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	12,495	6,375	6,120	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,170	940	225	9.4	14.7	3.7
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	2,050	1,325	730	16.4	20.8	11.9
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	3,740	1,700	2,040	29.9	26.7	33.3
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	2,405	970	1,440	19.2	15.2	23.5
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,285	440	845	10.3	6.9	13.8
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,840	1,005	840	14.7	15.8	13.7
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	6,675	3,380	3,295	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	645	315	330	9.7	9.3	10.0
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	6,030	3,060	2,965	90.3	90.5	90.0
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	5,310	2,675	2,635	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	495	245	255	9.3	9.2	9.7
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	295	145	150	5.6	5.4	5.7
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	205	100	105	3.9	3.7	4.0
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	4,810	2,435	2,375	90.6	91.0	90.1

Symbol legend

...
not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 18, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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