Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Saint-Lazare, Ville (V)More information: Quebec [Census subdivision]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	22,354	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	19,917^r	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	12.2	...	...	12.2	...	...
Total private dwellings²	7,848	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	7,749	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	334.3	...	...	334.3	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	66.86	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	22,355	11,135	11,215	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	4,520	2,325	2,195	20.2	20.9	19.6
0 to 4 years	1,245	645	595	5.6	5.8	5.3
5 to 9 years	1,510	780	730	6.8	7.0	6.5
10 to 14 years	1,775	900	875	7.9	8.1	7.8
15 to 64 years	14,880	7,305	7,575	66.6	65.6	67.5
15 to 19 years	1,715	860	850	7.7	7.7	7.6
20 to 24 years	1,160	610	550	5.2	5.5	4.9
25 to 29 years	925	465	460	4.1	4.2	4.1
30 to 34 years	1,185	535	650	5.3	4.8	5.8
35 to 39 years	1,385	670	710	6.2	6.0	6.3
40 to 44 years	1,670	790	880	7.5	7.1	7.8
45 to 49 years	1,795	870	925	8.0	7.8	8.2
50 to 54 years	1,715	855	865	7.7	7.7	7.7
55 to 59 years	1,865	925	940	8.3	8.3	8.4
60 to 64 years	1,465	720	745	6.6	6.5	6.6
65 years and over	2,950	1,505	1,445	13.2	13.5	12.9
65 to 69 years	1,165	595	570	5.2	5.3	5.1
70 to 74 years	875	455	420	3.9	4.1	3.7
75 to 79 years	525	275	255	2.3	2.5	2.3
80 to 84 years	250	120	130	1.1	1.1	1.2
85 years and over	140	60	75	0.6	0.5	0.7
85 to 89 years	95	45	50	0.4	0.4	0.4
90 to 94 years	35	15	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
95 to 99 years	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
100 years and over	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	20.2	20.9	19.6	20.2	20.9	19.6
15 to 64 years	66.6	65.6	67.5	66.6	65.6	67.5
65 years and over	13.2	13.5	12.9	13.2	13.5	12.9
85 years and over	0.6	0.5	0.7	0.6	0.5	0.7
Average age of the population	38.9	38.7	39.1	38.9	38.7	39.1
Median age of the population	40.8	40.4	41.2	40.8	40.4	41.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	7,750	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	7,010	...	...	90.5	...	...
Semi-detached house	65	...	...	0.8	...	...
Row house	160	...	...	2.1	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	95	...	...	1.2	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	365	...	...	4.7	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	5	...	...	0.1	...	...
Other single-attached house	10	...	...	0.1	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	50	...	...	0.6	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	7,750	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	1,070	...	...	13.8	...	...
2 persons	2,635	...	...	34.0	...	...
3 persons	1,420	...	...	18.3	...	...
4 persons	1,730	...	...	22.3	...	...
5 or more persons	890	...	...	11.5	...	...
Number of persons in private households	22,350	11,130	11,220	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	17,830	8,805	9,025	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	12,110	6,045	6,065	67.9	68.7	67.2
Married	8,590	4,295	4,295	48.2	48.8	47.6
Living common-law	3,525	1,750	1,770	19.8	19.9	19.6
Living common law - Never married	2,660	1,325	1,335	14.9	15.0	14.8
Living common law - Separated	40	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Living common law - Divorced	760	380	375	4.3	4.3	4.2
Living common law - Widowed	60	30	35	0.3	0.3	0.4
Not married and not living common-law	5,720	2,765	2,960	32.1	31.4	32.8
Not married and not living common law - Never married	4,320	2,275	2,050	24.2	25.8	22.7
Not married and not living common law - Separated	190	75	115	1.1	0.9	1.3
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	750	300	450	4.2	3.4	5.0
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	465	120	345	2.6	1.4	3.8
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	6,745	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	2,865	...	...	42.5	...	...
3 persons	1,430	...	...	21.2	...	...
4 persons	1,720	...	...	25.5	...	...
5 or more persons	730	...	...	10.8	...	...
Average size of census families	3.1	...	...	3.1	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.9	...	...	1.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	6,740	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	6,005	...	...	89.1	...	...
Married couples	4,245	...	...	63.0	...	...
With children⁶	2,535	...	...	37.6	...	...
Without children	1,715	...	...	25.4	...	...
Common-law couples	1,760	...	...	26.1	...	...
With children⁶	995	...	...	14.8	...	...
Without children	765	...	...	11.4	...	...
Total one-parent families	735	...	...	10.9	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	505	...	...	7.5	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	230	...	...	3.4	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	22,350	11,135	11,215	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	20,740	10,400	10,340	92.8	93.4	92.2
Married spouses or common-law partners	12,015	6,000	6,020	53.8	53.9	53.7
Parents in one-parent families	740	230	505	3.3	2.1	4.5
Children⁶	7,990	4,175	3,815	35.7	37.5	34.0
In a two-parent family	6,785	3,520	3,265	30.4	31.6	29.1
In a one-parent family	1,205	655	550	5.4	5.9	4.9
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	1,610	735	880	7.2	6.6	7.8
Living alone	1,070	495	575	4.8	4.4	5.1
Living with other relatives⁷	325	115	210	1.5	1.0	1.9
Living with non-relatives only	215	125	95	1.0	1.1	0.8
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	7,750	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	6,130	...	...	79.1	...	...
Couple-family households	5,515	...	...	71.2	...	...
With children⁶	3,275	...	...	42.3	...	...
Without children	2,240	...	...	28.9	...	...
One-parent-family households	615	...	...	7.9	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	215	...	...	2.8	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	55	...	...	0.7	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	180	...	...	2.3	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	95	...	...	1.2	...	...
One-person households	1,075	...	...	13.9	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	17,830	8,805	9,025	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	17,150	8,485	8,660	96.2	96.4	96.0
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	49,600	58,800	42,400	49,600	58,800	42,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	17,155	8,490	8,665	96.2	96.4	96.0
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,800	49,200	37,600	42,800	49,200	37,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	16,125	8,135	7,995	90.4	92.4	88.6
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,200	54,000	34,000	43,200	54,000	34,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	13,805	7,090	6,715	77.4	80.5	74.4
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	45,200	55,200	37,200	45,200	55,200	37,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	12,660	5,600	7,060	71.0	63.6	78.2
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,100	8,200	9,800	9,100	8,200	9,800
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,600	745	850	9.0	8.5	9.4
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,760	5,440	6,000	5,760	5,440	6,000
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	5,040	2,570	2,475	28.3	29.2	27.4
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,500	6,000	7,500	6,500	6,000	7,500
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	17,830	8,805	9,020	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	17,080	8,460	8,620	95.8	96.1	95.6
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	63,800	74,700	53,050	63,800	74,700	53,050
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	17,090	8,465	8,620	95.8	96.1	95.6
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	49,920	56,700	43,240	49,920	56,700	43,240
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	16,090	8,080	8,005	90.2	91.8	88.7
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	59,050	71,300	46,680	59,050	71,300	46,680
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	13,805	7,030	6,775	77.4	79.8	75.1
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	58,650	69,300	47,560	58,650	69,300	47,560
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	12,485	5,475	7,010	70.0	62.2	77.7
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,180	10,210	11,950	11,180	10,210	11,950
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,585	725	865	8.9	8.2	9.6
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,540	5,710	9,060	7,540	5,710	9,060
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	5,040	2,465	2,575	28.3	28.0	28.5
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,950	7,540	8,340	7,950	7,540	8,340
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	17,830	8,805	9,020	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	7,045	3,790	3,260	39.5	43.0	36.1
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	75,500	84,000	65,500	75,500	84,000	65,500
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	88,500	100,200	74,800	88,500	100,200	74,800
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	5,555	2,660	2,895	31.2	30.2	32.1
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	16,800	19,400	15,600	16,800	19,400	15,600
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	29,880	35,760	24,440	29,880	35,760	24,440
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	87.2	91.2	81.8	87.2	91.2	81.8
Employment income (%)¹⁹	74.4	77.2	70.4	74.4	77.2	70.4
Government transfers (%)²⁰	12.8	8.8	18.3	12.8	8.8	18.3
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.1	0.7	1.7	1.1	0.7	1.7
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	4.1	3.2	5.4	4.1	3.2	5.4
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	3.7	2.9	4.7	3.7	2.9	4.7
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	17,830	8,805	9,025	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	680	320	360	3.8	3.6	4.0
With total income	17,145	8,485	8,665	96.2	96.4	96.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,480	580	895	8.6	6.8	10.3
$10,000 to $19,999	1,780	705	1,075	10.4	8.3	12.4
$20,000 to $29,999	1,965	810	1,155	11.5	9.5	13.3
$30,000 to $39,999	1,730	765	960	10.1	9.0	11.1
$40,000 to $49,999	1,660	730	930	9.7	8.6	10.7
$50,000 to $59,999	1,530	715	815	8.9	8.4	9.4
$60,000 to $69,999	1,350	670	680	7.9	7.9	7.8
$70,000 to $79,999	1,070	570	495	6.2	6.7	5.7
$80,000 to $89,999	935	525	415	5.5	6.2	4.8
$90,000 to $99,999	770	430	340	4.5	5.1	3.9
$100,000 and over	2,880	1,970	905	16.8	23.2	10.4
$100,000 to $149,999	1,785	1,170	615	10.4	13.8	7.1
$150,000 and over	1,095	805	290	6.4	9.5	3.3
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	17,830	8,805	9,025	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	675	315	360	3.8	3.6	4.0
With after-tax income	17,150	8,490	8,660	96.2	96.4	96.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,580	610	970	9.2	7.2	11.2
$10,000 to $19,999	1,895	755	1,135	11.0	8.9	13.1
$20,000 to $29,999	2,325	990	1,330	13.6	11.7	15.4
$30,000 to $39,999	2,185	975	1,210	12.7	11.5	14.0
$40,000 to $49,999	2,150	1,000	1,145	12.5	11.8	13.2
$50,000 to $59,999	1,850	975	870	10.8	11.5	10.0
$60,000 to $69,999	1,465	780	680	8.5	9.2	7.9
$70,000 to $79,999	1,085	615	470	6.3	7.2	5.4
$80,000 to $89,999	740	470	270	4.3	5.5	3.1
$90,000 to $99,999	510	315	195	3.0	3.7	2.3
$100,000 and over	1,385	995	390	8.1	11.7	4.5
$100,000 to $124,999	670	460	210	3.9	5.4	2.4
$125,000 and over	715	535	175	4.2	6.3	2.0
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	17,830	8,805	9,025	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	4,025	1,715	2,310	22.6	19.5	25.6
With employment income	13,810	7,090	6,715	77.5	80.5	74.4
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,835	890	950	13.3	12.6	14.1
$5,000 to $9,999	1,060	460	595	7.7	6.5	8.9
$10,000 to $19,999	1,440	615	820	10.4	8.7	12.2
$20,000 to $29,999	995	385	610	7.2	5.4	9.1
$30,000 to $39,999	990	475	520	7.2	6.7	7.7
$40,000 to $49,999	1,025	465	560	7.4	6.6	8.3
$50,000 to $59,999	990	465	530	7.2	6.6	7.9
$60,000 to $69,999	925	470	455	6.7	6.6	6.8
$70,000 to $79,999	785	445	340	5.7	6.3	5.1
$80,000 to $89,999	830	410	420	6.0	5.8	6.3
$90,000 to $99,999	540	340	200	3.9	4.8	3.0
$100,000 and over	2,375	1,665	715	17.2	23.5	10.6
$100,000 to $124,999	945	620	325	6.8	8.7	4.8
$125,000 and over	1,430	1,040	390	10.4	14.7	5.8
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	17,830	8,805	9,025	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	16,680	8,255	8,425	93.6	93.8	93.4
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	49,200	59,600	41,200	49,200	59,600	41,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	16,690	8,255	8,435	93.6	93.8	93.5
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,000	48,800	36,000	42,000	48,800	36,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	15,815	7,965	7,850	88.7	90.5	87.0
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	45,200	57,200	36,000	45,200	57,200	36,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	13,630	6,975	6,650	76.4	79.2	73.7
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	47,200	58,400	38,400	47,200	58,400	38,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	10,890	4,580	6,310	61.1	52.0	69.9
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,200	3,400	6,600	5,200	3,400	6,600
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	1,420	645	775	8.0	7.3	8.6
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,360	4,440	7,750	5,360	4,440	7,750
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	17,830	8,805	9,020	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	16,600	8,225	8,380	93.1	93.4	92.9
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	62,600	74,900	50,600	62,600	74,900	50,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	16,620	8,225	8,395	93.2	93.4	93.1
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	48,640	56,400	41,080	48,640	56,400	41,080
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	15,740	7,915	7,825	88.3	89.9	86.8
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	60,350	73,600	46,880	60,350	73,600	46,880
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	13,535	6,900	6,635	75.9	78.4	73.6
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	60,250	71,500	48,520	60,250	71,500	48,520
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	10,835	4,520	6,320	60.8	51.3	70.1
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,280	7,240	9,030	8,280	7,240	9,030
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,465	665	800	8.2	7.6	8.9
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,600	5,540	11,160	8,600	5,540	11,160
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	17,830	8,805	9,020	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	7,015	3,770	3,245	39.3	42.8	36.0
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	73,000	83,000	60,000	73,000	83,000	60,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	83,700	96,100	69,200	83,700	96,100	69,200
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	5,190	2,490	2,700	29.1	28.3	29.9
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	23,200	27,000	21,800	23,200	27,000	21,800
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	37,080	43,360	31,280	37,080	43,360	31,280
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	91.4	94.6	86.6	91.4	94.6	86.6
Employment income (%)	78.4	80.2	76.0	78.4	80.2	76.0
Government transfers (%)	8.6	5.3	13.4	8.6	5.3	13.4
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.2	0.6	2.1	1.2	0.6	2.1
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	7,750	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	123,000	...	...	123,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	100,000	...	...	100,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	1,075	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	50,000	...	...	50,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	42,400	...	...	42,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	6,680	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	135,000	...	...	135,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	109,000	...	...	109,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	7,750	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	140,600	...	...	140,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	110,100	...	...	110,100	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,060	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	60,700	...	...	60,700	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	48,300	...	...	48,300	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	6,690	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	153,200	...	...	153,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	119,800	...	...	119,800	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	7,750	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	30	...	...	0.4	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	25	...	...	0.3	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	20	...	...	0.3	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	45	...	...	0.6	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	125	...	...	1.6	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	95	...	...	1.2	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	120	...	...	1.5	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	155	...	...	2.0	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	180	...	...	2.3	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	165	...	...	2.1	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	350	...	...	4.5	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	385	...	...	5.0	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	435	...	...	5.6	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	400	...	...	5.2	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	425	...	...	5.5	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,800	...	...	61.9	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,015	...	...	13.1	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	945	...	...	12.2	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,335	...	...	17.2	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,500	...	...	19.4	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	7,750	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	45	...	...	0.6	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	25	...	...	0.3	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	25	...	...	0.3	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	50	...	...	0.6	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	145	...	...	1.9	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	105	...	...	1.4	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	150	...	...	1.9	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	190	...	...	2.5	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	215	...	...	2.8	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	215	...	...	2.8	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	480	...	...	6.2	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	525	...	...	6.8	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	560	...	...	7.2	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	565	...	...	7.3	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	560	...	...	7.2	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,895	...	...	50.3	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,300	...	...	16.8	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	945	...	...	12.2	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,650	...	...	21.3	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	6,630	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	134,000	...	...	134,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	109,000	...	...	109,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.2	...	...	3.2	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	2,270	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	106,000	...	...	106,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	88,000	...	...	88,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	3,535	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	160,000	...	...	160,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	129,000	...	...	129,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	690	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	86,000	...	...	86,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	73,500	...	...	73,500	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	1,285	615	670	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	49,600	51,200	47,200	49,600	51,200	47,200
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	41,600	43,600	40,000	41,600	43,600	40,000
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	6,650	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	152,200	...	...	152,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	119,000	...	...	119,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,305	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	126,300	...	...	126,300	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	98,900	...	...	98,900	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	3,535	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	179,400	...	...	179,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	139,200	...	...	139,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	695	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	100,800	...	...	100,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	82,400	...	...	82,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	1,300	610	685	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	59,850	66,000	54,500	59,850	66,000	54,500
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	47,800	50,600	45,300	47,800	50,600	45,300
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	22,355	11,135	11,220	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	5,615	2,870	2,745	25.1	25.8	24.5
0 to 5 years	1,540	800	745	6.9	7.2	6.6
18 to 64 years	13,785	6,760	7,025	61.7	60.7	62.6
65 years and over	2,950	1,505	1,445	13.2	13.5	12.9
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	950	445	505	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	215	120	100	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	65	35	25	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	500	235	265	...	...	...
65 years and over	230	90	140	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	4.2	4.0	4.5	4.2	4.0	4.5
0 to 17 years (%)	3.9	4.2	3.6	3.9	4.2	3.6
0 to 5 years (%)	4.0	4.4	3.6	4.0	4.4	3.6
18 to 64 years (%)	3.6	3.5	3.8	3.6	3.5	3.8
65 years and over (%)	7.8	5.9	9.8	7.8	5.9	9.8
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	22,350	11,135	11,215	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	5,620	2,870	2,745	25.1	25.8	24.5
0 to 5 years	1,540	795	740	6.9	7.1	6.6
18 to 64 years	13,780	6,755	7,020	61.7	60.7	62.6
65 years and over	2,955	1,505	1,450	13.2	13.5	12.9
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	270	125	145	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	55	30	30	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	15	10	5	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	175	85	90	...	...	...
65 years and over	40	10	25	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	1.2	1.1	1.3	1.2	1.1	1.3
0 to 17 years (%)	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0
0 to 5 years (%)	0.8	1.0	0.6	0.8	1.0	0.6
18 to 64 years (%)	1.3	1.2	1.3	1.3	1.2	1.3
65 years and over (%)	1.3	0.9	1.6	1.3	0.9	1.6
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	22,355	11,135	11,220	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	7,725	3,760	3,965	34.6	33.8	35.3
In bottom decile	800	380	415	3.6	3.4	3.7
In second decile	1,105	525	575	4.9	4.7	5.1
In third decile	1,625	790	835	7.3	7.1	7.4
In fourth decile	1,910	935	975	8.5	8.4	8.7
In fifth decile	2,280	1,115	1,160	10.2	10.0	10.3
In top half of the distribution	14,630	7,375	7,255	65.4	66.2	64.7
In sixth decile	2,560	1,265	1,295	11.5	11.4	11.5
In seventh decile	2,720	1,380	1,340	12.2	12.4	11.9
In eighth decile	3,050	1,570	1,480	13.6	14.1	13.2
In ninth decile	3,055	1,520	1,545	13.7	13.7	13.8
In top decile	3,240	1,645	1,595	14.5	14.8	14.2
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	22,350	...	...	22,350	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.306	...	...	0.306	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.384	...	...	0.384	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.259	...	...	0.259	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.1	...	...	3.1	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	22,355	11,135	11,220	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	2,955	1,475	1,475	13.2	13.2	13.1
French only	3,175	1,550	1,630	14.2	13.9	14.5
English and French	16,085	8,045	8,035	72.0	72.2	71.6
Neither English nor French	140	65	80	0.6	0.6	0.7
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	22,355	11,135	11,220	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	10,330	5,185	5,140	46.2	46.6	45.8
French	11,060	5,505	5,550	49.5	49.4	49.5
English and French	840	385	450	3.8	3.5	4.0
Neither English nor French	130	50	80	0.6	0.4	0.7
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	22,355	11,135	11,220	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	21,170	10,545	10,625	94.7	94.7	94.7
Official languages	18,680	9,330	9,345	83.6	83.8	83.3
English	8,195	4,115	4,080	36.7	37.0	36.4
French	10,485	5,215	5,265	46.9	46.8	46.9
Non-official languages	2,490	1,215	1,275	11.1	10.9	11.4
Indigenous languages³⁹	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	2,480	1,215	1,270	11.1	10.9	11.3
Afro-Asiatic languages	165	85	80	0.7	0.8	0.7
Berber languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	155	85	75	0.7	0.8	0.7
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	145	75	70	0.6	0.7	0.6
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	55	20	35	0.2	0.2	0.3
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	40	15	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	30	20	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Haitian Creole	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,980	975	1,000	8.9	8.8	8.9
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Balto-Slavic languages	425	190	230	1.9	1.7	2.0
Baltic languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	420	190	225	1.9	1.7	2.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	35	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Czech	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	120	50	65	0.5	0.4	0.6
Russian	180	85	100	0.8	0.8	0.9
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	15	5	5	0.1	0.0	0.0
Serbian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	40	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	180	80	95	0.8	0.7	0.8
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	140	60	85	0.6	0.5	0.8
German	125	50	75	0.6	0.4	0.7
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	15	5	5	0.1	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	35	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	30	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	85	50	40	0.4	0.4	0.4
Indo-Iranian languages	475	240	230	2.1	2.2	2.0
Indo-Aryan languages	425	210	215	1.9	1.9	1.9
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	15	5	5	0.1	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	325	160	160	1.5	1.4	1.4
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	65	35	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	55	30	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	35	15	15	0.2	0.1	0.1
Dari	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	795	400	395	3.6	3.6	3.5
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	275	150	125	1.2	1.3	1.1
Portuguese	90	40	55	0.4	0.4	0.5
Romanian	125	60	65	0.6	0.5	0.6
Spanish	300	150	150	1.3	1.3	1.3
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Korean	15	5	5	0.1	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	70	35	40	0.3	0.3	0.4
Chinese languages	70	35	40	0.3	0.3	0.4
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	55	30	30	0.2	0.3	0.3
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	60	35	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	55	30	30	0.2	0.3	0.3
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	1,185	590	600	5.3	5.3	5.3
English and French	815	400	410	3.6	3.6	3.7
English and non-official language(s)	205	100	105	0.9	0.9	0.9
French and non-official language(s)	70	35	40	0.3	0.3	0.4
English, French and non-official language(s)	80	50	35	0.4	0.4	0.3
Multiple non-official languages	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	22,355	11,135	11,220	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	8,495	4,275	4,220	38.0	38.4	37.6
French	8,660	4,325	4,335	38.7	38.8	38.6
Non-official language	575	275	300	2.6	2.5	2.7
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	575	275	300	2.6	2.5	2.7
English and French	2,960	1,455	1,510	13.2	13.1	13.5
English and non-official language(s)	710	340	370	3.2	3.1	3.3
French and non-official language(s)	215	100	110	1.0	0.9	1.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	705	350	355	3.2	3.1	3.2
Multiple non-official languages	35	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	22,355	11,135	11,220	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	21,240	10,610	10,630	95.0	95.3	94.7
Official languages	20,185	10,115	10,070	90.3	90.8	89.8
English	10,395	5,225	5,170	46.5	46.9	46.1
French	9,790	4,890	4,900	43.8	43.9	43.7
Non-official languages	1,055	495	560	4.7	4.4	5.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,055	495	555	4.7	4.4	4.9
Afro-Asiatic languages	60	25	35	0.3	0.2	0.3
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	60	25	35	0.3	0.2	0.3
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	60	25	35	0.3	0.2	0.3
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Haitian Creole	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	830	385	440	3.7	3.5	3.9
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	190	90	105	0.8	0.8	0.9
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	190	90	105	0.8	0.8	0.9
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	40	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
Russian	110	55	55	0.5	0.5	0.5
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
German	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	370	180	195	1.7	1.6	1.7
Indo-Aryan languages	340	165	180	1.5	1.5	1.6
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	285	135	145	1.3	1.2	1.3
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	50	25	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	30	20	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	20	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	230	105	125	1.0	0.9	1.1
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	10	5	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Portuguese	20	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Romanian	60	35	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
Spanish	135	65	75	0.6	0.6	0.7
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	15	5	5	0.1	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	15	5	5	0.1	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	45	25	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Chinese languages	45	25	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	40	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	1,110	525	585	5.0	4.7	5.2
English and French	740	345	395	3.3	3.1	3.5
English and non-official language(s)	195	100	95	0.9	0.9	0.8
French and non-official language(s)	80	35	40	0.4	0.3	0.4
English, French and non-official language(s)	85	40	50	0.4	0.4	0.4
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	22,355	11,135	11,220	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	18,650	9,300	9,350	83.4	83.5	83.3
English	1,180	575	605	5.3	5.2	5.4
French	1,455	725	730	6.5	6.5	6.5
Non-official language	515	250	265	2.3	2.2	2.4
Indigenous³⁹	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	515	250	265	2.3	2.2	2.4
English and French	125	60	65	0.6	0.5	0.6
English and non-official language(s)	120	65	55	0.5	0.6	0.5
French and non-official language(s)	240	120	120	1.1	1.1	1.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	45	25	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	22,355	11,130	11,215	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	22,270	11,085	11,180	99.6	99.6	99.7
English	19,020	9,470	9,550	85.1	85.1	85.2
French	19,335	9,600	9,735	86.5	86.3	86.8
Non-official languages	3,960	1,900	2,060	17.7	17.1	18.4
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	3,955	1,900	2,060	17.7	17.1	18.4
Afro-Asiatic languages	270	150	120	1.2	1.3	1.1
Berber languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	260	145	115	1.2	1.3	1.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	210	120	95	0.9	1.1	0.8
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	45	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	35	15	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
Khmer (Cambodian)	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Vietnamese	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	70	40	30	0.3	0.4	0.3
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	65	35	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	55	30	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
Haitian Creole	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Dravidian languages	65	35	25	0.3	0.3	0.2
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	65	35	25	0.3	0.3	0.2
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	3,230	1,485	1,740	14.4	13.3	15.5
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	65	20	45	0.3	0.2	0.4
Balto-Slavic languages	515	210	305	2.3	1.9	2.7
Baltic languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Slavic languages	510	210	300	2.3	1.9	2.7
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	195	85	105	0.9	0.8	0.9
Russian	220	85	130	1.0	0.8	1.2
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	45	15	30	0.2	0.1	0.3
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	370	195	175	1.7	1.8	1.6
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	325	175	150	1.5	1.6	1.3
German	310	165	145	1.4	1.5	1.3
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	40	30	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	40	30	15	0.2	0.3	0.1
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	20	20	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	165	65	100	0.7	0.6	0.9
Indo-Iranian languages	460	245	225	2.1	2.2	2.0
Indo-Aryan languages	405	200	210	1.8	1.8	1.9
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	90	40	45	0.4	0.4	0.4
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	315	155	160	1.4	1.4	1.4
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	25	20	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Urdu	50	25	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	55	40	15	0.2	0.4	0.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	40	25	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	40	25	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,800	820	975	8.1	7.4	8.7
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	665	325	340	3.0	2.9	3.0
Portuguese	140	65	80	0.6	0.6	0.7
Romanian	90	40	45	0.4	0.4	0.4
Spanish	1,030	440	585	4.6	4.0	5.2
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	60	35	25	0.3	0.3	0.2
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	70	45	20	0.3	0.4	0.2
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	30	25	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Sign languages	25	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
American Sign Language	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	120	60	60	0.5	0.5	0.5
Chinese languages	120	60	60	0.5	0.5	0.5
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	100	55	45	0.4	0.5	0.4
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	35	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	30	20	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	90	50	35	0.4	0.4	0.3
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	85	45	35	0.4	0.4	0.3
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	22,350	11,135	11,220	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	255	140	115	1.1	1.3	1.0
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	220	125	100	1.0	1.1	0.9
First Nations (North American Indian)	110	65	45	0.5	0.6	0.4
Métis	100	55	45	0.4	0.5	0.4
Inuk (Inuit)	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	30	20	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Non-Indigenous identity	22,095	10,990	11,105	98.9	98.7	99.0
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	22,350	11,135	11,220	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	50	30	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	22,305	11,105	11,200	99.8	99.7	99.8
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	7,745	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	7,185	...	...	92.8	...	...
Renter	565	...	...	7.3	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	7,745	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	230	...	...	3.0	...	...
Not condominium	7,520	...	...	97.1	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	7,745	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
1 bedroom	100	...	...	1.3	...	...
2 bedrooms	875	...	...	11.3	...	...
3 bedrooms	3,070	...	...	39.6	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	3,705	...	...	47.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	7,745	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	545	...	...	7.0	...	...
5 rooms	700	...	...	9.0	...	...
6 rooms	1,015	...	...	13.1	...	...
7 rooms	1,100	...	...	14.2	...	...
8 or more rooms	4,380	...	...	56.6	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	8.1	...	...	8.1	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	7,745	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	7,725	...	...	99.7	...	...
More than one person per room	25	...	...	0.3	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	7,745	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	7,655	...	...	98.8	...	...
Not suitable	90	...	...	1.2	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	7,745	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	285	...	...	3.7	...	...
1961 to 1980	930	...	...	12.0	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,645	...	...	21.2	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,340	...	...	17.3	...	...
2001 to 2005	1,295	...	...	16.7	...	...
2006 to 2010	825	...	...	10.7	...	...
2011 to 2015	450	...	...	5.8	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	980	...	...	12.7	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	7,745	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	7,410	...	...	95.7	...	...
Major repairs needed	340	...	...	4.4	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	7,745	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	2,995	...	...	38.7	...	...
Two-maintainer household	4,480	...	...	57.8	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	270	...	...	3.5	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	7,745	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	40	...	...	0.5	...	...
25 to 34 years	760	...	...	9.8	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,525	...	...	19.7	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,945	...	...	25.1	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,805	...	...	23.3	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,125	...	...	14.5	...	...
75 to 84 years	485	...	...	6.3	...	...
85 years and over	70	...	...	0.9	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	7,740	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	6,735	...	...	87.0	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	1,010	...	...	13.0	...	...
30% to less than 100%	955	...	...	12.3	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	7,750	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	1,360	...	...	17.5	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	935	...	...	12.1	...	...
Not suitable only	80	...	...	1.0	...	...
Major repairs needed only	275	...	...	3.5	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	10	...	...	0.1	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	65	...	...	0.8	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	6,390	...	...	82.5	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	7,685	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	190	...	...	2.5	...	...
Not in core need	7,490	...	...	97.5	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	7,180	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	70.3	...	...	70.3	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	11.6	...	...	11.6	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	1.5	...	...	1.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,620	...	...	1,620	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,614	...	...	1,614	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	500,000	...	...	500,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	557,500	...	...	557,500	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	560	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	31.3	...	...	31.3	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	15.3	...	...	15.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,010	...	...	1,010	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,100	...	...	1,100	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	22,350	11,135	11,220	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	165	90	75	0.7	0.8	0.7
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	165	90	70	0.7	0.8	0.6
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	130	75	55	0.6	0.7	0.5
Métis single ancestry	30	20	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	500	235	260	2.2	2.1	2.3
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	495	235	260	2.2	2.1	2.3
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	365	175	190	1.6	1.6	1.7
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	120	55	60	0.5	0.5	0.5
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	21,685	10,800	10,885	97.0	97.0	97.0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	22,355	11,135	11,215	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	21,515	10,740	10,775	96.2	96.5	96.1
Canadian citizens aged under 18	5,570	2,870	2,700	24.9	25.8	24.1
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	15,945	7,865	8,075	71.3	70.6	72.0
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	840	395	445	3.8	3.5	4.0
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	22,355	11,135	11,215	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	19,440	9,710	9,730	87.0	87.2	86.8
Immigrants⁸¹	2,725	1,305	1,420	12.2	11.7	12.7
Before 1980	695	360	340	3.1	3.2	3.0
1980 to 1990	330	175	155	1.5	1.6	1.4
1991 to 2000	465	225	240	2.1	2.0	2.1
2001 to 2010	640	290	350	2.9	2.6	3.1
2011 to 2021⁸²	595	255	340	2.7	2.3	3.0
2011 to 2015	385	180	205	1.7	1.6	1.8
2016 to 2021	210	80	135	0.9	0.7	1.2
Non-permanent residents⁸³	190	120	65	0.8	1.1	0.6
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	2,725	1,305	1,420	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	370	150	215	13.6	11.5	15.1
5 to 14 years	520	260	260	19.1	19.9	18.3
15 to 24 years	545	245	300	20.0	18.8	21.1
25 to 44 years	1,145	560	580	42.0	42.9	40.8
45 years and over	145	80	65	5.3	6.1	4.6
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	2,725	1,305	1,420	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	565	235	325	20.7	18.0	22.9
Brazil	40	10	30	1.5	0.8	2.1
Colombia	30	0	25	1.1	0.0	1.8
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	20	0	15	0.7	0.0	1.1
Haiti	20	10	10	0.7	0.8	0.7
Jamaica	10	10	0	0.4	0.8	0.0
Mexico	40	15	30	1.5	1.1	2.1
Peru	40	15	20	1.5	1.1	1.4
Trinidad and Tobago	30	15	15	1.1	1.1	1.1
United States of America	160	70	90	5.9	5.4	6.3
Other places of birth in Americas	175	90	85	6.4	6.9	6.0
Europe	1,220	590	625	44.8	45.2	44.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	10	10	0	0.4	0.8	0.0
France	195	95	100	7.2	7.3	7.0
Germany	60	35	25	2.2	2.7	1.8
Greece	10	10	0	0.4	0.8	0.0
Hungary	30	15	10	1.1	1.1	0.7
Italy	70	25	40	2.6	1.9	2.8
Netherlands	25	20	0	0.9	1.5	0.0
Poland	80	40	45	2.9	3.1	3.2
Portugal	30	15	10	1.1	1.1	0.7
Romania	70	35	40	2.6	2.7	2.8
Russian Federation	60	25	40	2.2	1.9	2.8
Serbia⁸⁶	15	10	0	0.6	0.8	0.0
Ukraine	25	0	20	0.9	0.0	1.4
United Kingdom⁸⁷	315	145	170	11.6	11.1	12.0
Other places of birth in Europe	220	105	120	8.1	8.0	8.5
Africa	225	135	95	8.3	10.3	6.7
Algeria	30	15	15	1.1	1.1	1.1
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	10	0	0	0.4	0.0	0.0
Egypt	50	25	25	1.8	1.9	1.8
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	30	20	10	1.1	1.5	0.7
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	105	70	40	3.9	5.4	2.8
Asia	705	335	365	25.9	25.7	25.7
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	25	15	10	0.9	1.1	0.7
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	55	40	20	2.0	3.1	1.4
Syria⁸⁹	20	0	15	0.7	0.0	1.1
Turkey	25	15	10	0.9	1.1	0.7
China⁹⁰	65	25	40	2.4	1.9	2.8
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	30	15	10	1.1	1.1	0.7
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	50	20	35	1.8	1.5	2.5
Viet Nam	15	0	10	0.6	0.0	0.7
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	235	110	125	8.6	8.4	8.8
Pakistan	25	10	15	0.9	0.8	1.1
Sri Lanka	50	30	20	1.8	2.3	1.4
Other places of birth in Asia	105	50	55	3.9	3.8	3.9
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	10	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.7
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	205	75	135	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	40	25	20	19.5	33.3	14.8
Brazil	10	0	10	4.9	0.0	7.4
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	25	10	10	12.2	13.3	7.4
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	10	10	0	4.9	13.3	0.0
Europe	55	15	40	26.8	20.0	29.6
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	10	0	10	4.9	0.0	7.4
Russian Federation	10	0	10	4.9	0.0	7.4
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	25	10	15	12.2	13.3	11.1
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	20	0	20	9.8	0.0	14.8
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	90	40	50	43.9	53.3	37.0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	15	0	10	7.3	0.0	7.4
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	50	25	20	24.4	33.3	14.8
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	15	0	10	7.3	0.0	7.4
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	10	0	0	4.9	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	22,350	11,135	11,215	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	3,260	1,610	1,650	14.6	14.5	14.7
Second generation¹⁰¹	4,135	2,160	1,965	18.5	19.4	17.5
Third generation or more¹⁰²	14,960	7,365	7,595	66.9	66.1	67.7
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	2,025	945	1,080	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	1,000	485	515	49.4	51.3	47.7
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	465	280	185	23.0	29.6	17.1
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	535	205	330	26.4	21.7	30.6
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	770	295	470	38.0	31.2	43.5
Refugees¹⁰⁸	250	160	90	12.3	16.9	8.3
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	2,025	945	1,080	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	180	100	80	8.9	10.6	7.4
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	325	165	160	16.0	17.5	14.8
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	50	35	15	2.5	3.7	1.4
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	110	45	65	5.4	4.8	6.0
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	15	0	15	0.7	0.0	1.4
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	1,345	600	745	66.4	63.5	69.0
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	22,350	11,135	11,220	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	2,405	1,245	1,165	10.8	11.2	10.4
South Asian	555	295	260	2.5	2.6	2.3
Chinese	255	100	155	1.1	0.9	1.4
Black	520	285	230	2.3	2.6	2.0
Filipino	185	85	95	0.8	0.8	0.8
Arab	150	80	75	0.7	0.7	0.7
Latin American	290	135	155	1.3	1.2	1.4
Southeast Asian	120	65	55	0.5	0.6	0.5
West Asian	30	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Korean	75	45	30	0.3	0.4	0.3
Japanese	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	85	55	30	0.4	0.5	0.3
Multiple visible minorities	110	65	55	0.5	0.6	0.5
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	19,945	9,890	10,055	89.2	88.8	89.6
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	22,355	11,130	11,215	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	5,525	2,765	2,760	24.7	24.8	24.6
English	2,100	1,045	1,060	9.4	9.4	9.5
Irish	3,205	1,540	1,665	14.3	13.8	14.8
Scottish	2,095	1,080	1,015	9.4	9.7	9.1
French, n.o.s.¹²²	5,255	2,590	2,665	23.5	23.3	23.8
German	1,050	535	515	4.7	4.8	4.6
Chinese	310	120	195	1.4	1.1	1.7
Italian	1,940	1,005	935	8.7	9.0	8.3
Indian (India)	350	190	160	1.6	1.7	1.4
Ukrainian	365	170	200	1.6	1.5	1.8
Dutch	315	160	155	1.4	1.4	1.4
Polish	670	310	360	3.0	2.8	3.2
Québécois	1,740	830	910	7.8	7.5	8.1
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	650	335	315	2.9	3.0	2.8
Filipino	195	95	100	0.9	0.9	0.9
French Canadian	1,155	585	570	5.2	5.3	5.1
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	390	160	220	1.7	1.4	2.0
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	250	125	130	1.1	1.1	1.2
Métis	155	80	80	0.7	0.7	0.7
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	385	180	200	1.7	1.6	1.8
Russian	370	185	185	1.7	1.7	1.6
Norwegian	80	45	40	0.4	0.4	0.4
Welsh	155	55	95	0.7	0.5	0.8
Portuguese	275	150	125	1.2	1.3	1.1
American	205	90	115	0.9	0.8	1.0
Spanish	330	155	180	1.5	1.4	1.6
Swedish	45	25	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Hungarian	225	135	90	1.0	1.2	0.8
Acadian	235	105	120	1.1	0.9	1.1
Pakistani	70	20	40	0.3	0.2	0.4
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	135	95	40	0.6	0.9	0.4
Jewish	195	95	100	0.9	0.9	0.9
Punjabi	75	30	45	0.3	0.3	0.4
Vietnamese	45	15	30	0.2	0.1	0.3
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	50	35	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Greek	380	155	215	1.7	1.4	1.9
Jamaican	25	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	70	45	30	0.3	0.4	0.3
Romanian	190	95	100	0.8	0.9	0.9
Lebanese	230	130	105	1.0	1.2	0.9
Iranian	50	35	15	0.2	0.3	0.1
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	250	120	125	1.1	1.1	1.1
Danish	75	45	30	0.3	0.4	0.3
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	50	15	35	0.2	0.1	0.3
Sikh	75	30	40	0.3	0.3	0.4
Austrian	125	60	65	0.6	0.5	0.6
Belgian	255	120	135	1.1	1.1	1.2
Haitian	90	40	55	0.4	0.4	0.5
Hindu	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mexican	85	35	50	0.4	0.3	0.4
Mennonite	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	195	110	85	0.9	1.0	0.8
Finnish	50	25	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Sri Lankan	60	35	25	0.3	0.3	0.2
Croatian	30	20	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Japanese	30	20	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	35	25	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	35	35	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	95	55	40	0.4	0.5	0.4
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	65	25	35	0.3	0.2	0.3
Tamil	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombian	95	40	55	0.4	0.4	0.5
Moroccan	50	30	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
Czech	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Syrian	75	30	45	0.3	0.3	0.4
Guyanese	45	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Newfoundlander	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	35	15	15	0.2	0.1	0.1
Persian	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	60	45	15	0.3	0.4	0.1
Turkish	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Brazilian	35	15	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	160	80	75	0.7	0.7	0.7
Slovak	75	40	35	0.3	0.4	0.3
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	45	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	35	20	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
African Caribbean	35	15	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	30	25	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Lithuanian	60	25	35	0.3	0.2	0.3
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	30	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.2
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	75	55	25	0.3	0.5	0.2
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Peruvian	35	15	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	50	25	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
New Brunswicker	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Israeli	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
African American	25	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	40	15	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
Tunisian	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Cuban	50	20	30	0.2	0.2	0.3
Bosnian	15	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	20	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	35	15	15	0.2	0.1	0.1
Guatemalan	25	25	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Argentinian	30	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	35	30	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	35	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	30	20	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	22,350	11,135	11,220	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	90	45	45	0.4	0.4	0.4
Christian	14,455	7,005	7,450	64.7	62.9	66.4
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	1,075	560	515	4.8	5.0	4.6
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	405	225	180	1.8	2.0	1.6
Baptist	90	35	55	0.4	0.3	0.5
Catholic	11,030	5,305	5,725	49.4	47.6	51.0
Christian Orthodox	545	255	290	2.4	2.3	2.6
Jehovah's Witness	70	30	40	0.3	0.3	0.4
Latter Day Saints	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Lutheran	30	20	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	100	50	50	0.4	0.4	0.4
Presbyterian	135	60	75	0.6	0.5	0.7
Reformed	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
United Church	240	95	145	1.1	0.9	1.3
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	700	360	340	3.1	3.2	3.0
Hindu	100	60	40	0.4	0.5	0.4
Jewish	410	220	195	1.8	2.0	1.7
Muslim	210	120	90	0.9	1.1	0.8
Sikh	300	145	155	1.3	1.3	1.4
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	45	25	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
No religion and secular perspectives	6,735	3,515	3,220	30.1	31.6	28.7
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	22,170	11,035	11,130	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	20,210	10,090	10,120	91.2	91.4	90.9
Movers	1,960	945	1,015	8.8	8.6	9.1
Non-migrants	405	175	230	1.8	1.6	2.1
Migrants	1,555	770	780	7.0	7.0	7.0
Internal migrants	1,540	765	775	6.9	6.9	7.0
Intraprovincial migrants	1,460	725	740	6.6	6.6	6.6
Interprovincial migrants	75	40	35	0.3	0.4	0.3
External migrants	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	21,180	10,515	10,670	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	13,735	6,945	6,785	64.8	66.0	63.6
Movers	7,450	3,560	3,885	35.2	33.9	36.4
Non-migrants	1,140	515	615	5.4	4.9	5.8
Migrants	6,310	3,045	3,265	29.8	29.0	30.6
Internal migrants	5,980	2,880	3,105	28.2	27.4	29.1
Intraprovincial migrants	5,490	2,640	2,850	25.9	25.1	26.7
Interprovincial migrants	495	235	260	2.3	2.2	2.4
External migrants	325	170	160	1.5	1.6	1.5
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	17,830	8,805	9,020	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	2,420	1,245	1,180	13.6	14.1	13.1
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	15,410	7,565	7,845	86.4	85.9	87.0
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	11,980	5,805	6,175	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	675	400	285	5.6	6.9	4.6
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	11,305	5,415	5,895	94.4	93.3	95.5
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	17,830	8,810	9,025	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,215	1,110	1,105	12.4	12.6	12.2
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	4,190	2,165	2,030	23.5	24.6	22.5
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	11,425	5,535	5,890	64.1	62.8	65.3
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	6,525	3,420	3,110	36.6	38.8	34.5
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,040	1,305	740	11.4	14.8	8.2
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	1,325	725	600	7.4	8.2	6.6
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	715	585	135	4.0	6.6	1.5
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	4,015	1,905	2,110	22.5	21.6	23.4
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	475	210	260	2.7	2.4	2.9
Bachelor's degree or higher	4,895	2,115	2,780	27.5	24.0	30.8
Bachelor's degree	3,325	1,430	1,900	18.6	16.2	21.1
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	370	165	210	2.1	1.9	2.3
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	145	45	100	0.8	0.5	1.1
Master's degree	915	410	510	5.1	4.7	5.7
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	140	75	65	0.8	0.9	0.7
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	11,985	5,810	6,175	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	565	330	230	4.7	5.7	3.7
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	2,280	1,180	1,095	19.0	20.3	17.7
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	9,140	4,295	4,840	76.3	73.9	78.4
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	4,970	2,575	2,390	41.5	44.3	38.7
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,645	1,025	625	13.7	17.6	10.1
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	1,090	575	515	9.1	9.9	8.3
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	560	445	110	4.7	7.7	1.8
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	2,950	1,365	1,585	24.6	23.5	25.7
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	370	185	185	3.1	3.2	3.0
Bachelor's degree or higher	4,170	1,720	2,450	34.8	29.6	39.7
Bachelor's degree	2,845	1,165	1,680	23.7	20.1	27.2
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	325	140	180	2.7	2.4	2.9
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	115	30	80	1.0	0.5	1.3
Master's degree	775	330	445	6.5	5.7	7.2
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	115	55	55	1.0	0.9	0.9
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	17,830	8,805	9,025	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	6,405	3,270	3,135	35.9	37.1	34.7
Education	730	195	535	4.1	2.2	5.9
13. Education	730	195	535	4.1	2.2	5.9
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	440	155	275	2.5	1.8	3.0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	45	35	10	0.3	0.4	0.1
50. Visual and performing arts	390	120	270	2.2	1.4	3.0
Humanities	565	190	375	3.2	2.2	4.2
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	140	15	125	0.8	0.2	1.4
23. English language and literature/letters	60	15	50	0.3	0.2	0.6
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	245	100	145	1.4	1.1	1.6
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	25	20	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
39. Theology and religious vocations	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
54. History	35	25	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	45	0	40	0.3	0.0	0.4
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,450	460	995	8.1	5.2	11.0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	200	70	130	1.1	0.8	1.4
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	215	10	205	1.2	0.1	2.3
22. Legal professions and studies	175	50	125	1.0	0.6	1.4
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
42. Psychology	195	20	165	1.1	0.2	1.8
45. Social sciences	650	285	365	3.6	3.2	4.0
Business, management and public administration	2,775	1,120	1,655	15.6	12.7	18.3
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	80	15	70	0.4	0.2	0.8
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,690	1,110	1,585	15.1	12.6	17.6
Physical and life sciences and technologies	600	320	280	3.4	3.6	3.1
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	240	105	130	1.3	1.2	1.4
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	130	65	65	0.7	0.7	0.7
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	50	25	20	0.3	0.3	0.2
40. Physical sciences	175	125	50	1.0	1.4	0.6
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	430	305	125	2.4	3.5	1.4
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	365	275	90	2.0	3.1	1.0
25. Library science	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	45	25	20	0.3	0.3	0.2
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	2,350	2,130	225	13.2	24.2	2.5
04. Architecture and related services	95	55	40	0.5	0.6	0.4
14. Engineering	585	470	110	3.3	5.3	1.2
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	590	550	40	3.3	6.2	0.4
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	350	340	0	2.0	3.9	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	530	500	30	3.0	5.7	0.3
48. Precision production	205	195	0	1.1	2.2	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	205	65	135	1.1	0.7	1.5
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	155	40	115	0.9	0.5	1.3
03. Natural resources and conservation	45	25	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
Health and related fields	1,185	215	970	6.6	2.4	10.7
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	115	55	60	0.6	0.6	0.7
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,010	140	870	5.7	1.6	9.6
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	50	20	25	0.3	0.2	0.3
Personal, protective and transportation services	690	370	315	3.9	4.2	3.5
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	305	45	260	1.7	0.5	2.9
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	215	170	40	1.2	1.9	0.4
49. Transportation and materials moving	170	155	15	1.0	1.8	0.2
Other¹⁷⁹	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	11,980	5,810	6,175	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	2,845	1,510	1,330	23.7	26.0	21.5
Education	565	145	415	4.7	2.5	6.7
13. Education	565	145	415	4.7	2.5	6.7
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	350	130	220	2.9	2.2	3.6
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	35	25	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	315	100	215	2.6	1.7	3.5
Humanities	410	130	285	3.4	2.2	4.6
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	95	10	80	0.8	0.2	1.3
23. English language and literature/letters	50	10	40	0.4	0.2	0.6
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	180	65	115	1.5	1.1	1.9
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	25	20	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
39. Theology and religious vocations	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
54. History	25	15	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	25	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.3
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,150	355	795	9.6	6.1	12.9
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	180	55	120	1.5	0.9	1.9
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	185	10	175	1.5	0.2	2.8
22. Legal professions and studies	145	45	95	1.2	0.8	1.5
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
42. Psychology	145	10	125	1.2	0.2	2.0
45. Social sciences	485	220	255	4.0	3.8	4.1
Business, management and public administration	2,295	850	1,445	19.2	14.6	23.4
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	75	10	65	0.6	0.2	1.1
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,220	845	1,375	18.5	14.5	22.3
Physical and life sciences and technologies	435	225	210	3.6	3.9	3.4
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	210	85	125	1.8	1.5	2.0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	60	20	35	0.5	0.3	0.6
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	150	105	45	1.3	1.8	0.7
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	335	235	100	2.8	4.0	1.6
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	295	220	75	2.5	3.8	1.2
25. Library science	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,945	1,735	210	16.2	29.9	3.4
04. Architecture and related services	85	45	35	0.7	0.8	0.6
14. Engineering	535	425	105	4.5	7.3	1.7
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	440	405	35	3.7	7.0	0.6
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	275	275	0	2.3	4.7	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	450	425	25	3.8	7.3	0.4
48. Precision production	160	155	0	1.3	2.7	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	160	35	120	1.3	0.6	1.9
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	135	25	105	1.1	0.4	1.7
03. Natural resources and conservation	30	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.3
Health and related fields	920	155	765	7.7	2.7	12.4
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	95	45	50	0.8	0.8	0.8
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	785	105	680	6.6	1.8	11.0
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	30	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.3
Personal, protective and transportation services	575	300	275	4.8	5.2	4.5
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	265	40	225	2.2	0.7	3.6
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	170	135	40	1.4	2.3	0.6
49. Transportation and materials moving	130	115	10	1.1	2.0	0.2
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	11,980	5,810	6,175	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,845	1,510	1,330	23.7	26.0	21.5
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	9,135	4,295	4,845	76.3	73.9	78.5
Location of study inside Canada	8,215	3,845	4,370	68.6	66.2	70.8
Same as province or territory of residence	7,580	3,565	4,015	63.3	61.4	65.0
Different than province or territory of residence	630	285	355	5.3	4.9	5.7
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	920	450	470	7.7	7.7	7.6
Americas	285	145	135	2.4	2.5	2.2
United States of America	180	110	70	1.5	1.9	1.1
Mexico	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Cuba	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	20	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.3
Colombia	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	25	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Europe	405	190	215	3.4	3.3	3.5
Belgium	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
France	110	60	50	0.9	1.0	0.8
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	10	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
Poland	30	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.3
Romania	20	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Russian Federation	20	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Ukraine	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	120	50	70	1.0	0.9	1.1
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	35	20	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Africa	50	30	20	0.4	0.5	0.3
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	25	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Asia	170	80	90	1.4	1.4	1.5
Iran⁸⁸	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Philippines	20	20	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	65	25	40	0.5	0.4	0.6
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Oceania	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Australia	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	17,830	8,805	9,025	...	...	...
In the labour force	12,875	6,610	6,265	...	...	...
Employed	12,100	6,200	5,895	...	...	...
Unemployed	780	410	370	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	4,955	2,195	2,755	...	...	...
Participation rate	72.2	75.1	69.4	72.2	75.1	69.4
Employment rate	67.9	70.4	65.3	67.9	70.4	65.3
Unemployment rate	6.1	6.2	5.9	6.1	6.2	5.9
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	17,830	8,805	9,025	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	4,620	2,040	2,575	25.9	23.2	28.5
Worked	13,210	6,765	6,445	74.1	76.8	71.4
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	7,275	3,935	3,345	40.8	44.7	37.1
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	5,930	2,830	3,100	33.3	32.1	34.3
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.8	42.8	40.7	41.8	42.8	40.7
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	12,875	6,610	6,265	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	145	75	70	1.1	1.1	1.1
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	12,725	6,530	6,195	98.8	98.8	98.9
Employee	10,585	5,225	5,365	82.2	79.0	85.6
Permanent position	9,275	4,645	4,630	72.0	70.3	73.9
Temporary position	1,310	580	735	10.2	8.8	11.7
Fixed term (1 year or more)	420	150	270	3.3	2.3	4.3
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	890	430	460	6.9	6.5	7.3
Self-employed¹⁹²	2,140	1,310	835	16.6	19.8	13.3
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	12,875	6,610	6,265	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	145	75	70	1.1	1.1	1.1
All occupations¹⁹¹	12,725	6,530	6,195	98.8	98.8	98.9
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	400	290	105	3.1	4.4	1.7
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,560	745	1,810	19.9	11.3	28.9
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,350	1,020	325	10.5	15.4	5.2
3 Health occupations	900	130	765	7.0	2.0	12.2
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,415	450	960	11.0	6.8	15.3
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	510	190	315	4.0	2.9	5.0
6 Sales and service occupations	3,160	1,520	1,640	24.5	23.0	26.2
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,895	1,770	125	14.7	26.8	2.0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	160	125	35	1.2	1.9	0.6
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	375	280	100	2.9	4.2	1.6
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	12,875	6,610	6,265	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	145	75	70	1.1	1.1	1.1
All industries¹⁹¹	12,725	6,530	6,195	98.8	98.8	98.9
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	85	45	35	0.7	0.7	0.6
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	50	35	15	0.4	0.5	0.2
22 Utilities	70	55	20	0.5	0.8	0.3
23 Construction	855	725	130	6.6	11.0	2.1
31-33 Manufacturing	1,380	905	475	10.7	13.7	7.6
41 Wholesale trade	1,075	640	440	8.3	9.7	7.0
44-45 Retail trade	1,475	740	730	11.5	11.2	11.7
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	860	595	265	6.7	9.0	4.2
51 Information and cultural industries	230	150	75	1.8	2.3	1.2
52 Finance and insurance	465	180	280	3.6	2.7	4.5
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	170	85	85	1.3	1.3	1.4
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,440	725	710	11.2	11.0	11.3
55 Management of companies and enterprises	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	460	280	180	3.6	4.2	2.9
61 Educational services	865	215	645	6.7	3.3	10.3
62 Health care and social assistance	1,260	165	1,100	9.8	2.5	17.6
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	210	120	95	1.6	1.8	1.5
72 Accommodation and food services	650	340	315	5.0	5.1	5.0
81 Other services (except public administration)	505	220	285	3.9	3.3	4.5
91 Public administration	600	285	315	4.7	4.3	5.0
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	13,875	7,090	6,785	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	3,025	1,630	1,400	21.8	23.0	20.6
French	3,340	1,705	1,635	24.1	24.0	24.1
Non-official language	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
English and French	7,270	3,660	3,610	52.4	51.6	53.2
English and non-official language(s)	45	20	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	180	70	115	1.3	1.0	1.7
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	13,875	7,090	6,785	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	12,095	6,260	5,835	87.2	88.3	86.0
Official languages	12,070	6,260	5,810	87.0	88.3	85.6
English	5,815	3,020	2,795	41.9	42.6	41.2
French	6,255	3,230	3,025	45.1	45.6	44.6
Non-official languages	25	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.3
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	25	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.3
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	1,780	825	955	12.8	11.6	14.1
English and French	1,745	810	935	12.6	11.4	13.8
English and non-official language(s)	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	25	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	13,875	7,090	6,785	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	8,085	4,140	3,945	58.3	58.4	58.1
English	2,885	1,510	1,370	20.8	21.3	20.2
French	2,720	1,365	1,360	19.6	19.3	20.0
Non-official language	90	40	55	0.6	0.6	0.8
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	90	40	55	0.6	0.6	0.8
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	45	20	25	0.3	0.3	0.4
French and non-official language(s)	45	25	25	0.3	0.4	0.4
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	12,095	6,200	5,895	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	3,705	1,755	1,950	30.6	28.3	33.1
Worked outside Canada	20	20	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
No fixed workplace address	1,365	1,015	355	11.3	16.4	6.0
Usual place of work	7,005	3,410	3,590	57.9	55.0	60.9
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	7,000	3,410	3,590	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,210	470	735	17.3	13.8	20.5
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	2,210	910	1,295	31.6	26.7	36.1
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	3,470	1,970	1,500	49.6	57.8	41.8
Commute to a different province or territory	115	55	65	1.6	1.6	1.8
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	8,370	4,420	3,945	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	7,885	4,190	3,700	94.2	94.8	93.8
Car, truck or van - as a driver	7,380	3,955	3,420	88.2	89.5	86.7
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	510	230	280	6.1	5.2	7.1
Public transit	175	95	80	2.1	2.1	2.0
Walked	130	50	80	1.6	1.1	2.0
Bicycle	40	20	20	0.5	0.5	0.5
Other method	135	65	70	1.6	1.5	1.8
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	8,370	4,420	3,945	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	1,720	665	1,050	20.5	15.0	26.6
15 to 29 minutes	2,790	1,355	1,435	33.3	30.7	36.4
30 to 44 minutes	2,270	1,390	875	27.1	31.4	22.2
45 to 59 minutes	930	575	360	11.1	13.0	9.1
60 minutes and over	660	435	225	7.9	9.8	5.7
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	8,370	4,420	3,945	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	610	475	135	7.3	10.7	3.4
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,580	1,095	485	18.9	24.8	12.3
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	2,520	1,140	1,375	30.1	25.8	34.9
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,680	735	940	20.1	16.6	23.8
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	905	355	545	10.8	8.0	13.8
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,075	610	465	12.8	13.8	11.8
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	5,725	2,920	2,805	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,995	1,500	1,495	52.3	51.4	53.3
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,730	1,420	1,310	47.7	48.6	46.7
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	4,380	2,225	2,160	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,310	1,160	1,150	52.7	52.1	53.2
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	2,010	1,010	1,000	45.9	45.4	46.3
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	295	150	145	6.7	6.7	6.7
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,075	1,065	1,010	47.4	47.9	46.8

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
^r
revised

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 18, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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