Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Saint-HyacintheMore information: Quebec [Population centre]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	50,616	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	50,104^r	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	1.0	...	...	1.0	...	...
Total private dwellings²	25,081	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	23,974	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,643.6	...	...	1,643.6	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	30.80	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	50,615	24,155	26,460	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	7,490	3,860	3,635	14.8	16.0	13.7
0 to 4 years	2,205	1,160	1,050	4.4	4.8	4.0
5 to 9 years	2,515	1,305	1,215	5.0	5.4	4.6
10 to 14 years	2,765	1,400	1,370	5.5	5.8	5.2
15 to 64 years	29,720	14,785	14,930	58.7	61.2	56.4
15 to 19 years	2,465	1,205	1,270	4.9	5.0	4.8
20 to 24 years	2,730	1,365	1,365	5.4	5.7	5.2
25 to 29 years	2,885	1,440	1,440	5.7	6.0	5.4
30 to 34 years	2,735	1,420	1,315	5.4	5.9	5.0
35 to 39 years	2,860	1,430	1,430	5.7	5.9	5.4
40 to 44 years	3,260	1,660	1,600	6.4	6.9	6.0
45 to 49 years	2,710	1,365	1,345	5.4	5.7	5.1
50 to 54 years	2,850	1,415	1,435	5.6	5.9	5.4
55 to 59 years	3,470	1,690	1,785	6.9	7.0	6.7
60 to 64 years	3,750	1,800	1,950	7.4	7.5	7.4
65 years and over	13,400	5,505	7,895	26.5	22.8	29.8
65 to 69 years	3,610	1,665	1,945	7.1	6.9	7.4
70 to 74 years	3,165	1,430	1,735	6.3	5.9	6.6
75 to 79 years	2,600	1,115	1,485	5.1	4.6	5.6
80 to 84 years	1,775	680	1,100	3.5	2.8	4.2
85 years and over	2,245	615	1,630	4.4	2.5	6.2
85 to 89 years	1,295	410	880	2.6	1.7	3.3
90 to 94 years	650	165	490	1.3	0.7	1.9
95 to 99 years	250	40	205	0.5	0.2	0.8
100 years and over	55	5	50	0.1	0.0	0.2
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	14.8	16.0	13.7	14.8	16.0	13.7
15 to 64 years	58.7	61.2	56.4	58.7	61.2	56.4
65 years and over	26.5	22.8	29.8	26.5	22.8	29.8
85 years and over	4.4	2.5	6.2	4.4	2.5	6.2
Average age of the population	45.7	43.6	47.6	45.7	43.6	47.6
Median age of the population	46.4	44.0	49.6	46.4	44.0	49.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	23,975	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	7,235	...	...	30.2	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,420	...	...	5.9	...	...
Row house	515	...	...	2.1	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	2,150	...	...	9.0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	12,300	...	...	51.3	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	140	...	...	0.6	...	...
Other single-attached house	195	...	...	0.8	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	15	...	...	0.1	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	23,975	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	10,255	...	...	42.8	...	...
2 persons	8,110	...	...	33.8	...	...
3 persons	2,470	...	...	10.3	...	...
4 persons	2,015	...	...	8.4	...	...
5 or more persons	1,125	...	...	4.7	...	...
Number of persons in private households	48,245	23,435	24,810	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	43,120	20,295	22,825	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	21,850	10,985	10,865	50.7	54.1	47.6
Married	12,005	6,075	5,930	27.8	29.9	26.0
Living common-law	9,845	4,910	4,930	22.8	24.2	21.6
Living common law - Never married	7,665	3,825	3,835	17.8	18.8	16.8
Living common law - Separated	95	45	55	0.2	0.2	0.2
Living common law - Divorced	1,865	935	930	4.3	4.6	4.1
Living common law - Widowed	220	100	120	0.5	0.5	0.5
Not married and not living common-law	21,270	9,310	11,960	49.3	45.9	52.4
Not married and not living common law - Never married	13,770	6,930	6,835	31.9	34.1	29.9
Not married and not living common law - Separated	585	270	320	1.4	1.3	1.4
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	3,735	1,425	2,310	8.7	7.0	10.1
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	3,180	690	2,495	7.4	3.4	10.9
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	13,050	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	7,845	...	...	60.1	...	...
3 persons	2,325	...	...	17.8	...	...
4 persons	1,940	...	...	14.9	...	...
5 or more persons	950	...	...	7.3	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	13,050	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	10,635	...	...	81.5	...	...
Married couples	5,715	...	...	43.8	...	...
With children⁶	1,980	...	...	15.2	...	...
Without children	3,735	...	...	28.6	...	...
Common-law couples	4,915	...	...	37.7	...	...
With children⁶	2,280	...	...	17.5	...	...
Without children	2,645	...	...	20.3	...	...
Total one-parent families	2,415	...	...	18.5	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	1,800	...	...	13.8	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	615	...	...	4.7	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	48,245	23,435	24,810	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	35,610	17,565	18,050	73.8	75.0	72.8
Married spouses or common-law partners	21,270	10,615	10,650	44.1	45.3	42.9
Parents in one-parent families	2,420	620	1,795	5.0	2.6	7.2
Children⁶	11,920	6,330	5,595	24.7	27.0	22.6
In a two-parent family	8,225	4,330	3,900	17.0	18.5	15.7
In a one-parent family	3,695	1,995	1,700	7.7	8.5	6.9
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	12,635	5,870	6,765	26.2	25.0	27.3
Living alone	10,255	4,575	5,680	21.3	19.5	22.9
Living with other relatives⁷	765	360	410	1.6	1.5	1.7
Living with non-relatives only	1,615	940	675	3.3	4.0	2.7
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	23,970	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	12,335	...	...	51.5	...	...
Couple-family households	10,200	...	...	42.6	...	...
With children⁶	4,060	...	...	16.9	...	...
Without children	6,135	...	...	25.6	...	...
One-parent-family households	2,135	...	...	8.9	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	180	...	...	0.8	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	45	...	...	0.2	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	370	...	...	1.5	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	795	...	...	3.3	...	...
One-person households	10,255	...	...	42.8	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	40,765	19,575	21,180	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	39,970	19,185	20,785	98.0	98.0	98.1
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,000	42,400	34,400	38,000	42,400	34,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	39,970	19,185	20,785	98.0	98.0	98.1
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,000	37,200	31,200	34,000	37,200	31,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	35,455	17,315	18,145	87.0	88.5	85.7
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	30,600	36,800	25,200	30,600	36,800	25,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	27,245	13,945	13,300	66.8	71.2	62.8
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,400	39,200	29,600	34,400	39,200	29,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	34,435	15,875	18,560	84.5	81.1	87.6
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,300	10,500	13,400	12,300	10,500	13,400
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,770	2,455	2,315	11.7	12.5	10.9
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,120	5,080	5,200	5,120	5,080	5,200
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	10,820	5,565	5,250	26.5	28.4	24.8
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	6,000	7,000	6,000	6,000	7,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	40,940	19,700	21,240	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	40,120	19,265	20,850	98.0	97.8	98.2
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	45,320	50,680	40,400	45,320	50,680	40,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	40,120	19,265	20,850	98.0	97.8	98.2
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,200	41,440	35,200	38,200	41,440	35,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	35,685	17,450	18,235	87.2	88.6	85.9
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,560	45,360	32,080	38,560	45,360	32,080
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	27,390	14,105	13,285	66.9	71.6	62.5
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,120	44,680	35,240	40,120	44,680	35,240
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	34,480	15,935	18,545	84.2	80.9	87.3
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,820	11,600	13,840	12,820	11,600	13,840
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,945	2,550	2,395	12.1	12.9	11.3
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,460	6,070	6,890	6,460	6,070	6,890
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	10,790	5,590	5,200	26.4	28.4	24.5
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,530	7,280	7,810	7,530	7,280	7,810
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	40,940	19,705	21,235	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	13,265	7,160	6,110	32.4	36.3	28.8
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	50,800	54,000	47,200	50,800	54,000	47,200
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	58,400	62,600	53,450	58,400	62,600	53,450
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	11,145	5,385	5,760	27.2	27.3	27.1
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	18,800	21,800	16,400	18,800	21,800	16,400
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	25,380	29,640	21,420	25,380	29,640	21,420
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	75.8	81.0	69.4	75.8	81.0	69.4
Employment income (%)¹⁹	60.4	64.6	55.6	60.4	64.6	55.6
Government transfers (%)²⁰	24.3	18.9	30.5	24.3	18.9	30.5
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.8	1.6	2.0	1.8	1.6	2.0
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.4	4.8	6.1	5.4	4.8	6.1
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.5	4.2	4.8	4.5	4.2	4.8
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	40,760	19,580	21,185	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	790	390	400	1.9	2.0	1.9
With total income	39,975	19,185	20,785	98.1	98.0	98.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,260	970	1,290	5.7	5.1	6.2
$10,000 to $19,999	5,190	2,085	3,105	13.0	10.9	14.9
$20,000 to $29,999	7,755	3,275	4,475	19.4	17.1	21.5
$30,000 to $39,999	5,860	2,605	3,250	14.7	13.6	15.6
$40,000 to $49,999	5,620	2,725	2,900	14.1	14.2	14.0
$50,000 to $59,999	4,355	2,280	2,075	10.9	11.9	10.0
$60,000 to $69,999	2,935	1,595	1,345	7.3	8.3	6.5
$70,000 to $79,999	1,790	1,080	710	4.5	5.6	3.4
$80,000 to $89,999	1,365	770	595	3.4	4.0	2.9
$90,000 to $99,999	865	475	385	2.2	2.5	1.9
$100,000 and over	1,980	1,320	655	5.0	6.9	3.2
$100,000 to $149,999	1,465	940	520	3.7	4.9	2.5
$150,000 and over	510	385	130	1.3	2.0	0.6
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	40,760	19,580	21,185	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	790	390	400	1.9	2.0	1.9
With after-tax income	39,975	19,185	20,785	98.1	98.0	98.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,415	1,015	1,405	6.0	5.3	6.8
$10,000 to $19,999	5,475	2,210	3,265	13.7	11.5	15.7
$20,000 to $29,999	8,995	3,850	5,145	22.5	20.1	24.8
$30,000 to $39,999	7,410	3,530	3,880	18.5	18.4	18.7
$40,000 to $49,999	6,490	3,360	3,125	16.2	17.5	15.0
$50,000 to $59,999	3,850	2,110	1,740	9.6	11.0	8.4
$60,000 to $69,999	2,235	1,235	1,000	5.6	6.4	4.8
$70,000 to $79,999	1,315	705	605	3.3	3.7	2.9
$80,000 to $89,999	695	395	295	1.7	2.1	1.4
$90,000 to $99,999	375	260	115	0.9	1.4	0.6
$100,000 and over	715	510	205	1.8	2.7	1.0
$100,000 to $124,999	380	265	115	1.0	1.4	0.6
$125,000 and over	340	250	90	0.9	1.3	0.4
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	40,760	19,580	21,185	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	13,515	5,635	7,885	33.2	28.8	37.2
With employment income	27,245	13,945	13,305	66.8	71.2	62.8
Under $5,000 (including loss)	3,220	1,520	1,705	11.8	10.9	12.8
$5,000 to $9,999	2,205	930	1,275	8.1	6.7	9.6
$10,000 to $19,999	3,530	1,565	1,965	13.0	11.2	14.8
$20,000 to $29,999	3,210	1,425	1,790	11.8	10.2	13.5
$30,000 to $39,999	3,415	1,660	1,755	12.5	11.9	13.2
$40,000 to $49,999	3,335	1,770	1,565	12.2	12.7	11.8
$50,000 to $59,999	2,440	1,400	1,040	9.0	10.0	7.8
$60,000 to $69,999	1,745	1,065	685	6.4	7.6	5.1
$70,000 to $79,999	1,185	765	420	4.3	5.5	3.2
$80,000 to $89,999	1,040	575	470	3.8	4.1	3.5
$90,000 to $99,999	570	340	230	2.1	2.4	1.7
$100,000 and over	1,335	925	410	4.9	6.6	3.1
$100,000 to $124,999	735	490	245	2.7	3.5	1.8
$125,000 and over	600	435	165	2.2	3.1	1.2
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	40,765	19,575	21,180	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	39,400	18,910	20,490	96.7	96.6	96.7
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,800	40,000	30,800	34,800	40,000	30,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	39,410	18,910	20,505	96.7	96.6	96.8
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	31,400	35,200	28,200	31,400	35,200	28,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	34,850	17,075	17,780	85.5	87.2	83.9
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	31,200	37,200	26,000	31,200	37,200	26,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	27,350	13,980	13,370	67.1	71.4	63.1
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	33,600	38,800	29,200	33,600	38,800	29,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	31,795	14,440	17,350	78.0	73.8	81.9
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,200	7,550	10,700	9,200	7,550	10,700
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	4,300	2,260	2,040	10.5	11.5	9.6
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,080	4,120	4,040	4,080	4,120	4,040
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	40,940	19,700	21,240	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	39,495	18,960	20,540	96.5	96.2	96.7
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,520	48,400	37,080	42,520	48,400	37,080
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	39,520	18,960	20,560	96.5	96.2	96.8
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,600	39,320	32,160	35,600	39,320	32,160
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	35,065	17,205	17,860	85.6	87.3	84.1
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,760	45,840	31,920	38,760	45,840	31,920
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	27,480	14,110	13,370	67.1	71.6	62.9
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,480	44,160	34,520	39,480	44,160	34,520
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	31,715	14,375	17,335	77.5	73.0	81.6
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,110	8,950	11,070	10,110	8,950	11,070
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	4,270	2,330	1,940	10.4	11.8	9.1
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,550	5,190	5,985	5,550	5,190	5,985
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	40,940	19,705	21,235	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	13,120	7,100	6,020	32.0	36.0	28.3
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	47,600	50,400	44,000	47,600	50,400	44,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	54,250	58,650	49,120	54,250	58,650	49,120
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	10,460	5,105	5,355	25.5	25.9	25.2
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	23,000	27,000	20,200	23,000	27,000	20,200
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	29,240	33,760	24,960	29,240	33,760	24,960
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	81.0	86.0	74.8	81.0	86.0	74.8
Employment income (%)	64.6	68.0	60.6	64.6	68.0	60.6
Government transfers (%)	19.1	14.0	25.2	19.1	14.0	25.2
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.4	1.3	1.5	1.4	1.3	1.5
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	23,975	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	59,200	...	...	59,200	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	52,400	...	...	52,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	10,255	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	34,400	...	...	34,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	31,400	...	...	31,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	13,720	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	86,000	...	...	86,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	75,500	...	...	75,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	23,990	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	75,800	...	...	75,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	63,900	...	...	63,900	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	10,140	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	40,320	...	...	40,320	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	34,960	...	...	34,960	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	13,845	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	101,800	...	...	101,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	85,100	...	...	85,100	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	23,975	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	185	...	...	0.8	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	165	...	...	0.7	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	420	...	...	1.8	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	785	...	...	3.3	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,970	...	...	8.2	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,285	...	...	5.4	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,070	...	...	4.5	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,345	...	...	5.6	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,305	...	...	5.4	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,295	...	...	5.4	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,295	...	...	9.6	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,920	...	...	8.0	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,605	...	...	6.7	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,475	...	...	6.2	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,180	...	...	4.9	...	...
$100,000 and over	5,675	...	...	23.7	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,215	...	...	9.2	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,330	...	...	5.5	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,300	...	...	5.4	...	...
$200,000 and over	840	...	...	3.5	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	23,975	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	210	...	...	0.9	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	175	...	...	0.7	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	425	...	...	1.8	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	815	...	...	3.4	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,115	...	...	8.8	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,545	...	...	6.4	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,400	...	...	5.8	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,600	...	...	6.7	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,650	...	...	6.9	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,450	...	...	6.0	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,370	...	...	9.9	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,035	...	...	8.5	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,780	...	...	7.4	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,380	...	...	5.8	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,165	...	...	4.9	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,865	...	...	16.1	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,905	...	...	7.9	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	910	...	...	3.8	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,050	...	...	4.4	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	13,115	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	87,000	...	...	87,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	76,000	...	...	76,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	6,195	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	78,500	...	...	78,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	68,500	...	...	68,500	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	4,270	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	121,000	...	...	121,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	104,000	...	...	104,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	2,355	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	64,500	...	...	64,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	58,000	...	...	58,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	11,865	5,515	6,355	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	33,600	36,800	31,400	33,600	36,800	31,400
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	30,600	32,800	29,200	30,600	32,800	29,200
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	13,280	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	102,300	...	...	102,300	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	85,300	...	...	85,300	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	6,220	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	91,700	...	...	91,700	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	75,700	...	...	75,700	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	4,305	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	136,800	...	...	136,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	113,000	...	...	113,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,440	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	69,000	...	...	69,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	60,900	...	...	60,900	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	11,720	5,480	6,240	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	39,240	42,080	36,760	39,240	42,080	36,760
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	34,120	35,720	32,680	34,120	35,720	32,680
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	48,240	23,435	24,810	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	8,925	4,570	4,355	18.5	19.5	17.6
0 to 5 years	2,695	1,405	1,290	5.6	6.0	5.2
18 to 64 years	28,015	13,900	14,115	58.1	59.3	56.9
65 years and over	11,295	4,960	6,335	23.4	21.2	25.5
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	7,215	3,155	4,060	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	1,115	560	555	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	390	200	190	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	3,490	1,685	1,805	...	...	...
65 years and over	2,610	905	1,700	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	15.0	13.5	16.4	15.0	13.5	16.4
0 to 17 years (%)	12.5	12.3	12.7	12.5	12.3	12.7
0 to 5 years (%)	14.5	14.2	14.7	14.5	14.2	14.7
18 to 64 years (%)	12.5	12.1	12.8	12.5	12.1	12.8
65 years and over (%)	23.1	18.3	26.9	23.1	18.3	26.9
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	48,245	23,435	24,810	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	8,930	4,570	4,355	18.5	19.5	17.6
0 to 5 years	2,695	1,410	1,285	5.6	6.0	5.2
18 to 64 years	28,020	13,905	14,120	58.1	59.3	56.9
65 years and over	11,300	4,960	6,335	23.4	21.2	25.5
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	2,575	1,250	1,320	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	400	195	210	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	145	80	70	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	1,960	985	975	...	...	...
65 years and over	210	75	135	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	5.3	5.3	5.3	5.3	5.3	5.3
0 to 17 years (%)	4.5	4.2	4.8	4.5	4.2	4.8
0 to 5 years (%)	5.5	5.7	5.2	5.5	5.7	5.2
18 to 64 years (%)	7.0	7.1	6.9	7.0	7.1	6.9
65 years and over (%)	1.9	1.5	2.2	1.9	1.5	2.2
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	48,240	23,435	24,810	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	31,275	14,770	16,500	64.8	63.0	66.5
In bottom decile	6,105	2,710	3,395	12.7	11.6	13.7
In second decile	6,775	3,040	3,735	14.0	13.0	15.1
In third decile	6,420	3,085	3,335	13.3	13.2	13.4
In fourth decile	6,225	3,035	3,190	12.9	13.0	12.9
In fifth decile	5,750	2,900	2,845	11.9	12.4	11.5
In top half of the distribution	16,970	8,660	8,310	35.2	37.0	33.5
In sixth decile	5,070	2,620	2,455	10.5	11.2	9.9
In seventh decile	4,080	2,070	2,010	8.5	8.8	8.1
In eighth decile	3,440	1,735	1,710	7.1	7.4	6.9
In ninth decile	2,665	1,360	1,305	5.5	5.8	5.3
In top decile	1,710	880	825	3.5	3.8	3.3
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	48,245	...	...	48,245	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.307	...	...	0.307	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.455	...	...	0.455	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.264	...	...	0.264	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.3	...	...	3.3	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	49,490	23,835	25,660	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	170	110	60	0.3	0.5	0.2
French only	34,050	15,350	18,700	68.8	64.4	72.9
English and French	14,890	8,180	6,705	30.1	34.3	26.1
Neither English nor French	380	190	185	0.8	0.8	0.7
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	49,490	23,835	25,660	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	660	345	320	1.3	1.4	1.2
French	47,900	22,995	24,905	96.8	96.5	97.1
English and French	570	315	255	1.2	1.3	1.0
Neither English nor French	355	185	175	0.7	0.8	0.7
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	49,490	23,835	25,660	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	48,675	23,395	25,280	98.4	98.2	98.5
Official languages	45,140	21,600	23,545	91.2	90.6	91.8
English	465	225	250	0.9	0.9	1.0
French	44,675	21,375	23,300	90.3	89.7	90.8
Non-official languages	3,535	1,795	1,735	7.1	7.5	6.8
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	3,535	1,795	1,735	7.1	7.5	6.8
Afro-Asiatic languages	685	370	310	1.4	1.6	1.2
Berber languages	155	90	70	0.3	0.4	0.3
Kabyle	145	75	65	0.3	0.3	0.3
Tamazight	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	520	280	240	1.1	1.2	0.9
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	520	280	240	1.1	1.2	0.9
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	30	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	20	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	200	115	80	0.4	0.5	0.3
Haitian Creole	130	70	65	0.3	0.3	0.3
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	25	15	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Sango	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	40	30	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	2,005	980	1,025	4.1	4.1	4.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	65	30	40	0.1	0.1	0.2
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	65	30	40	0.1	0.1	0.2
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	20	5	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	20	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	80	40	35	0.2	0.2	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages	20	15	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	60	30	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dari	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,820	890	935	3.7	3.7	3.6
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	40	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Portuguese	135	70	70	0.3	0.3	0.3
Romanian	15	5	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Spanish	1,625	790	835	3.3	3.3	3.3
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	440	225	215	0.9	0.9	0.8
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	25	20	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Luba-Kasai	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	70	35	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	155	70	80	0.3	0.3	0.3
Wojenaka	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	35	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	50	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nilo-Saharan languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	50	20	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages	45	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	40	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	55	30	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	55	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	815	435	375	1.6	1.8	1.5
English and French	290	160	135	0.6	0.7	0.5
English and non-official language(s)	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	400	210	190	0.8	0.9	0.7
English, French and non-official language(s)	40	25	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	50	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	49,490	23,835	25,660	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	190	95	95	0.4	0.4	0.4
French	44,070	21,040	23,030	89.0	88.3	89.8
Non-official language	1,255	640	610	2.5	2.7	2.4
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	1,255	640	610	2.5	2.7	2.4
English and French	1,305	710	595	2.6	3.0	2.3
English and non-official language(s)	90	55	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	2,055	1,010	1,045	4.2	4.2	4.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	500	260	240	1.0	1.1	0.9
Multiple non-official languages	30	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	49,490	23,835	25,660	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	48,500	23,305	25,190	98.0	97.8	98.2
Official languages	46,360	22,210	24,145	93.7	93.2	94.1
English	365	190	170	0.7	0.8	0.7
French	46,000	22,025	23,970	92.9	92.4	93.4
Non-official languages	2,140	1,095	1,045	4.3	4.6	4.1
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	2,140	1,095	1,045	4.3	4.6	4.1
Afro-Asiatic languages	330	185	150	0.7	0.8	0.6
Berber languages	60	35	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kabyle	55	35	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	265	145	120	0.5	0.6	0.5
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	265	145	120	0.5	0.6	0.5
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	20	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	70	45	25	0.1	0.2	0.1
Haitian Creole	50	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	15	15	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,455	710	745	2.9	3.0	2.9
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	45	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	45	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages	10	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	35	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	25	10	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Dari	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,355	665	690	2.7	2.8	2.7
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	70	35	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	1,270	620	650	2.6	2.6	2.5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	175	90	85	0.4	0.4	0.3
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	20	15	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	30	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	30	10	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	70	35	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	20	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	30	10	10	0.1	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	25	10	10	0.1	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	25	10	10	0.1	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	990	525	465	2.0	2.2	1.8
English and French	280	145	130	0.6	0.6	0.5
English and non-official language(s)	45	30	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	580	300	280	1.2	1.3	1.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	75	40	30	0.2	0.2	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	49,490	23,835	25,655	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	46,320	22,195	24,120	93.6	93.1	94.0
English	1,025	560	470	2.1	2.3	1.8
French	825	420	400	1.7	1.8	1.6
Non-official language	885	430	455	1.8	1.8	1.8
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	885	425	455	1.8	1.8	1.8
English and French	100	55	50	0.2	0.2	0.2
English and non-official language(s)	185	95	95	0.4	0.4	0.4
French and non-official language(s)	70	35	40	0.1	0.1	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	70	40	35	0.1	0.2	0.1
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	48,415	23,570	24,845	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	47,990	23,370	24,625	99.1	99.2	99.1
English	15,000	8,165	6,835	31.0	34.6	27.5
French	47,875	23,285	24,590	98.9	98.8	99.0
Non-official languages	5,605	2,750	2,855	11.6	11.7	11.5
Indigenous languages³⁹	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	5,600	2,750	2,855	11.6	11.7	11.5
Afro-Asiatic languages	960	500	470	2.0	2.1	1.9
Berber languages	220	110	105	0.5	0.5	0.4
Kabyle	175	90	85	0.4	0.4	0.3
Tamazight	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	45	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	820	430	390	1.7	1.8	1.6
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	810	425	385	1.7	1.8	1.5
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	80	55	25	0.2	0.2	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Vietnamese	50	40	10	0.1	0.2	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	350	180	175	0.7	0.8	0.7
Haitian Creole	275	140	135	0.6	0.6	0.5
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	30	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	35	25	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	3,435	1,640	1,795	7.1	7.0	7.2
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	105	30	75	0.2	0.1	0.3
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	105	30	75	0.2	0.1	0.3
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Russian	45	0	40	0.1	0.0	0.2
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	35	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	25	10	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	125	90	35	0.3	0.4	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	95	60	35	0.2	0.3	0.1
German	90	55	35	0.2	0.2	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	30	30	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	20	20	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	75	35	40	0.2	0.1	0.2
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	60	30	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	55	30	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dari	35	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Iranian Persian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	3,175	1,510	1,665	6.6	6.4	6.7
Catalan	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	110	40	70	0.2	0.2	0.3
Portuguese	290	150	135	0.6	0.6	0.5
Romanian	40	10	30	0.1	0.0	0.1
Spanish	2,805	1,340	1,470	5.8	5.7	5.9
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	695	380	310	1.4	1.6	1.2
Akan (Twi)	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	40	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	60	30	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	145	80	70	0.3	0.3	0.3
Luba-Kasai	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	95	45	50	0.2	0.2	0.2
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	225	110	115	0.5	0.5	0.5
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	45	30	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	175	100	75	0.4	0.4	0.3
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	25	20	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Sign languages	65	30	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Sign languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	110	50	60	0.2	0.2	0.2
Chinese languages	110	45	60	0.2	0.2	0.2
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	95	45	55	0.2	0.2	0.2
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	90	40	50	0.2	0.2	0.2
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	90	40	50	0.2	0.2	0.2
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	48,415	23,570	24,845	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	645	315	330	1.3	1.3	1.3
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	590	290	305	1.2	1.2	1.2
First Nations (North American Indian)	430	195	235	0.9	0.8	0.9
Métis	155	95	65	0.3	0.4	0.3
Inuk (Inuit)	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	45	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-Indigenous identity	47,770	23,250	24,520	98.7	98.6	98.7
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	48,415	23,570	24,845	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	100	45	50	0.2	0.2	0.2
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	48,320	23,530	24,790	99.8	99.8	99.8
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	23,990	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	10,985	...	...	45.8	...	...
Renter	12,995	...	...	54.2	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	23,990	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	3,085	...	...	12.9	...	...
Not condominium	20,900	...	...	87.1	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	23,990	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	340	...	...	1.4	...	...
1 bedroom	4,565	...	...	19.0	...	...
2 bedrooms	8,125	...	...	33.9	...	...
3 bedrooms	7,440	...	...	31.0	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	3,510	...	...	14.6	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	23,990	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	10,540	...	...	43.9	...	...
5 rooms	4,650	...	...	19.4	...	...
6 rooms	2,245	...	...	9.4	...	...
7 rooms	1,955	...	...	8.1	...	...
8 or more rooms	4,590	...	...	19.1	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.4	...	...	5.4	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	23,990	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	23,770	...	...	99.1	...	...
More than one person per room	215	...	...	0.9	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	23,990	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	23,305	...	...	97.1	...	...
Not suitable	680	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	23,990	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	5,945	...	...	24.8	...	...
1961 to 1980	7,690	...	...	32.1	...	...
1981 to 1990	3,385	...	...	14.1	...	...
1991 to 2000	2,345	...	...	9.8	...	...
2001 to 2005	1,145	...	...	4.8	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,490	...	...	6.2	...	...
2011 to 2015	1,090	...	...	4.5	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	895	...	...	3.7	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	23,990	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	22,835	...	...	95.2	...	...
Major repairs needed	1,150	...	...	4.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	23,990	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	14,765	...	...	61.5	...	...
Two-maintainer household	8,740	...	...	36.4	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	485	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	23,990	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	1,070	...	...	4.5	...	...
25 to 34 years	3,020	...	...	12.6	...	...
35 to 44 years	3,905	...	...	16.3	...	...
45 to 54 years	3,430	...	...	14.3	...	...
55 to 64 years	4,690	...	...	19.5	...	...
65 to 74 years	4,320	...	...	18.0	...	...
75 to 84 years	2,710	...	...	11.3	...	...
85 years and over	835	...	...	3.5	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	23,900	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	19,955	...	...	83.5	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	3,945	...	...	16.5	...	...
30% to less than 100%	3,745	...	...	15.7	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	23,990	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	5,485	...	...	22.9	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	3,685	...	...	15.4	...	...
Not suitable only	580	...	...	2.4	...	...
Major repairs needed only	925	...	...	3.9	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	65	...	...	0.3	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	195	...	...	0.8	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	35	...	...	0.1	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	18,510	...	...	77.2	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	23,700	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	1,635	...	...	6.9	...	...
Not in core need	22,070	...	...	93.1	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	10,985	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	57.8	...	...	57.8	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	7.9	...	...	7.9	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	1.3	...	...	1.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	950	...	...	950	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,020	...	...	1,020	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	300,000	...	...	300,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	310,400	...	...	310,400	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	13,000	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	7.8	...	...	7.8	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	23.8	...	...	23.8	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	11.7	...	...	11.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	725	...	...	725	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	765	...	...	765	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	48,415	23,570	24,845	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	655	350	300	1.4	1.5	1.2
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	655	350	300	1.4	1.5	1.2
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	555	300	255	1.1	1.3	1.0
Métis single ancestry	105	55	50	0.2	0.2	0.2
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	1,115	510	605	2.3	2.2	2.4
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	1,115	510	605	2.3	2.2	2.4
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	1,045	470	575	2.2	2.0	2.3
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	55	35	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	46,645	22,705	23,940	96.3	96.3	96.4
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	48,415	23,570	24,845	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	45,345	22,055	23,290	93.7	93.6	93.7
Canadian citizens aged under 18	8,230	4,235	4,000	17.0	18.0	16.1
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	37,115	17,825	19,295	76.7	75.6	77.7
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	3,075	1,515	1,555	6.4	6.4	6.3
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	48,415	23,570	24,845	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	43,040	20,845	22,190	88.9	88.4	89.3
Immigrants⁸¹	4,075	2,025	2,050	8.4	8.6	8.3
Before 1980	275	160	120	0.6	0.7	0.5
1980 to 1990	80	45	35	0.2	0.2	0.1
1991 to 2000	240	100	140	0.5	0.4	0.6
2001 to 2010	1,150	600	550	2.4	2.5	2.2
2011 to 2021⁸²	2,325	1,120	1,205	4.8	4.8	4.9
2011 to 2015	1,125	550	570	2.3	2.3	2.3
2016 to 2021	1,200	570	630	2.5	2.4	2.5
Non-permanent residents⁸³	1,305	700	605	2.7	3.0	2.4
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	4,080	2,025	2,050	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	585	285	305	14.3	14.1	14.9
5 to 14 years	760	410	345	18.6	20.2	16.8
15 to 24 years	600	310	290	14.7	15.3	14.1
25 to 44 years	1,855	855	1,005	45.5	42.2	49.0
45 years and over	265	165	105	6.5	8.1	5.1
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	4,080	2,025	2,050	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	1,330	640	690	32.6	31.6	33.7
Brazil	25	10	20	0.6	0.5	1.0
Colombia	750	390	365	18.4	19.3	17.8
El Salvador	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	165	70	95	4.0	3.5	4.6
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	75	30	50	1.8	1.5	2.4
Peru	40	20	25	1.0	1.0	1.2
Trinidad and Tobago	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.5
United States of America	60	40	20	1.5	2.0	1.0
Other places of birth in Americas	195	85	110	4.8	4.2	5.4
Europe	605	305	300	14.8	15.1	14.6
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	30	10	20	0.7	0.5	1.0
France	340	195	140	8.3	9.6	6.8
Germany	10	10	0	0.2	0.5	0.0
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	15	10	0	0.4	0.5	0.0
Netherlands	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Poland	15	0	15	0.4	0.0	0.7
Portugal	30	10	15	0.7	0.5	0.7
Romania	15	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.5
Russian Federation	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.5
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	15	0	15	0.4	0.0	0.7
United Kingdom⁸⁷	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	115	50	65	2.8	2.5	3.2
Africa	1,750	890	865	42.9	44.0	42.2
Algeria	325	155	170	8.0	7.7	8.3
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	245	115	135	6.0	5.7	6.6
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	165	85	75	4.0	4.2	3.7
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	1,010	535	480	24.8	26.4	23.4
Asia	390	190	200	9.6	9.4	9.8
Afghanistan	35	15	15	0.9	0.7	0.7
Iran⁸⁸	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Iraq	20	0	20	0.5	0.0	1.0
Lebanon	15	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.5
Syria⁸⁹	120	60	55	2.9	3.0	2.7
Turkey	25	15	10	0.6	0.7	0.5
China⁹⁰	70	35	30	1.7	1.7	1.5
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.5
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	20	15	0	0.5	0.7	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	60	25	30	1.5	1.2	1.5
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	1,205	570	635	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	230	115	110	19.1	20.2	17.3
Brazil	15	0	10	1.2	0.0	1.6
Colombia	140	80	60	11.6	14.0	9.4
Haiti	20	0	20	1.7	0.0	3.1
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	15	0	10	1.2	0.0	1.6
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	30	15	10	2.5	2.6	1.6
Europe	160	85	80	13.3	14.9	12.6
France	120	75	45	10.0	13.2	7.1
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	30	10	20	2.5	1.8	3.1
Africa	640	300	340	53.1	52.6	53.5
Algeria	90	35	55	7.5	6.1	8.7
Burundi	10	0	0	0.8	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	95	55	40	7.9	9.6	6.3
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	110	50	60	9.1	8.8	9.4
Côte d'Ivoire	170	85	85	14.1	14.9	13.4
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	20	0	15	1.7	0.0	2.4
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	10	0	10	0.8	0.0	1.6
Other places of birth in Africa	135	65	65	11.2	11.4	10.2
Asia	175	70	105	14.5	12.3	16.5
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	20	0	20	1.7	0.0	3.1
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	15	0	15	1.2	0.0	2.4
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	120	60	55	10.0	10.5	8.7
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	48,415	23,570	24,845	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	5,570	2,820	2,760	11.5	12.0	11.1
Second generation¹⁰¹	2,330	1,120	1,210	4.8	4.8	4.9
Third generation or more¹⁰²	40,510	19,635	20,875	83.7	83.3	84.0
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	3,800	1,865	1,935	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	1,650	885	770	43.4	47.5	39.8
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	720	450	270	18.9	24.1	14.0
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	930	435	490	24.5	23.3	25.3
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	775	310	470	20.4	16.6	24.3
Refugees¹⁰⁸	1,335	655	680	35.1	35.1	35.1
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	35	20	15	0.9	1.1	0.8
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	3,800	1,865	1,935	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	255	140	115	6.7	7.5	5.9
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	195	85	110	5.1	4.6	5.7
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	30	15	15	0.8	0.8	0.8
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	70	45	20	1.8	2.4	1.0
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	15	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.5
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	3,240	1,575	1,665	85.3	84.5	86.0
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	48,415	23,570	24,845	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	5,215	2,655	2,555	10.8	11.3	10.3
South Asian	65	20	40	0.1	0.1	0.2
Chinese	135	55	80	0.3	0.2	0.3
Black	2,375	1,250	1,120	4.9	5.3	4.5
Filipino	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arab	725	390	335	1.5	1.7	1.3
Latin American	1,600	770	830	3.3	3.3	3.3
Southeast Asian	130	90	40	0.3	0.4	0.2
West Asian	80	35	45	0.2	0.1	0.2
Korean	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple visible minorities	65	25	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	43,200	20,910	22,290	89.2	88.7	89.7
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	48,415	23,570	24,845	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	18,295	8,830	9,465	37.8	37.5	38.1
English	360	160	205	0.7	0.7	0.8
Irish	1,380	655	725	2.9	2.8	2.9
Scottish	410	165	245	0.8	0.7	1.0
French, n.o.s.¹²²	10,680	5,290	5,390	22.1	22.4	21.7
German	490	240	250	1.0	1.0	1.0
Chinese	130	50	85	0.3	0.2	0.3
Italian	560	260	305	1.2	1.1	1.2
Indian (India)	70	30	40	0.1	0.1	0.2
Ukrainian	30	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Dutch	60	40	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Polish	80	40	45	0.2	0.2	0.2
Québécois	7,355	3,510	3,845	15.2	14.9	15.5
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	40	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Filipino	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French Canadian	3,870	1,870	2,000	8.0	7.9	8.0
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	1,010	515	495	2.1	2.2	2.0
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	905	425	480	1.9	1.8	1.9
Métis	155	95	70	0.3	0.4	0.3
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	505	295	210	1.0	1.3	0.8
Russian	30	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	35	10	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
Portuguese	165	70	95	0.3	0.3	0.4
American	290	150	145	0.6	0.6	0.6
Spanish	310	170	140	0.6	0.7	0.6
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	35	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Acadian	280	130	150	0.6	0.6	0.6
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	415	200	215	0.9	0.8	0.9
Jewish	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	25	10	10	0.1	0.0	0.0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	235	110	125	0.5	0.5	0.5
Greek	50	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Jamaican	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	60	45	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	45	35	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Korean	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	40	10	30	0.1	0.0	0.1
Lebanese	75	30	50	0.2	0.1	0.2
Iranian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	505	230	270	1.0	1.0	1.1
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	160	80	80	0.3	0.3	0.3
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Belgian	230	105	130	0.5	0.4	0.5
Haitian	395	200	190	0.8	0.8	0.8
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	315	150	165	0.7	0.6	0.7
Mennonite	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	110	60	55	0.2	0.3	0.2
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	55	25	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	40	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	155	95	60	0.3	0.4	0.2
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombian	900	415	490	1.9	1.8	2.0
Moroccan	160	95	60	0.3	0.4	0.2
Czech	25	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
Syrian	125	60	75	0.3	0.3	0.3
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	60	35	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	65	35	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Serbian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Persian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	60	20	40	0.1	0.1	0.2
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	245	135	115	0.5	0.6	0.5
Brazilian	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	20	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	100	50	55	0.2	0.2	0.2
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	20	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Congolese	375	200	180	0.8	0.8	0.7
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	50	20	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	50	30	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Berber	120	70	50	0.2	0.3	0.2
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	55	15	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
New Brunswicker	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	45	15	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tunisian	145	95	50	0.3	0.4	0.2
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	100	50	50	0.2	0.2	0.2
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	60	40	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
Latvian	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	90	50	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
Guatemalan	110	60	45	0.2	0.3	0.2
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	30	10	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Ecuadorian	20	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Franco Ontarian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	40	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	45	10	35	0.1	0.0	0.1
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	175	75	100	0.4	0.3	0.4
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	150	70	80	0.3	0.3	0.3
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	65	30	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	50	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	100	30	65	0.2	0.1	0.3
Norman	50	15	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	200	95	100	0.4	0.4	0.4
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	60	35	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	40	25	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	85	55	35	0.2	0.2	0.1
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	65	35	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	25	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Bamileke	65	40	25	0.1	0.2	0.1
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	80	50	30	0.2	0.2	0.1
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	30	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	48,415	23,570	24,845	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	105	65	40	0.2	0.3	0.2
Christian	34,495	16,275	18,215	71.2	69.0	73.3
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	2,795	1,375	1,420	5.8	5.8	5.7
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	65	20	40	0.1	0.1	0.2
Baptist	285	125	160	0.6	0.5	0.6
Catholic	30,215	14,205	16,010	62.4	60.3	64.4
Christian Orthodox	95	45	55	0.2	0.2	0.2
Jehovah's Witness	200	90	110	0.4	0.4	0.4
Latter Day Saints	30	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Lutheran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	20	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	350	160	190	0.7	0.7	0.8
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Reformed	40	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
United Church	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	355	185	175	0.7	0.8	0.7
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	1,360	705	655	2.8	3.0	2.6
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	170	80	95	0.4	0.3	0.4
No religion and secular perspectives	12,260	6,440	5,820	25.3	27.3	23.4
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	48,000	23,370	24,630	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	42,060	20,465	21,595	87.6	87.6	87.7
Movers	5,940	2,910	3,035	12.4	12.5	12.3
Non-migrants	3,520	1,670	1,850	7.3	7.1	7.5
Migrants	2,425	1,235	1,190	5.1	5.3	4.8
Internal migrants	2,220	1,110	1,110	4.6	4.7	4.5
Intraprovincial migrants	2,205	1,100	1,100	4.6	4.7	4.5
Interprovincial migrants	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
External migrants	200	125	75	0.4	0.5	0.3
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	46,160	22,450	23,710	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	25,815	12,555	13,260	55.9	55.9	55.9
Movers	20,345	9,900	10,450	44.1	44.1	44.1
Non-migrants	9,645	4,635	5,010	20.9	20.6	21.1
Migrants	10,705	5,260	5,445	23.2	23.4	23.0
Internal migrants	8,730	4,250	4,490	18.9	18.9	18.9
Intraprovincial migrants	8,555	4,165	4,390	18.5	18.6	18.5
Interprovincial migrants	180	85	100	0.4	0.4	0.4
External migrants	1,970	1,010	955	4.3	4.5	4.0
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	40,940	19,705	21,235	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	11,095	5,765	5,330	27.1	29.3	25.1
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	29,845	13,940	15,905	72.9	70.7	74.9
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	24,355	12,075	12,280	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	4,980	2,945	2,035	20.4	24.4	16.6
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	19,375	9,135	10,240	79.6	75.7	83.4
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	40,940	19,700	21,240	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	9,855	4,995	4,865	24.1	25.4	22.9
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	9,980	4,655	5,325	24.4	23.6	25.1
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	21,100	10,055	11,050	51.5	51.0	52.0
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	15,205	7,540	7,670	37.1	38.3	36.1
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	7,110	4,105	3,000	17.4	20.8	14.1
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	5,380	2,805	2,575	13.1	14.2	12.1
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	1,730	1,300	430	4.2	6.6	2.0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	6,545	2,860	3,685	16.0	14.5	17.3
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,550	575	975	3.8	2.9	4.6
Bachelor's degree or higher	5,895	2,520	3,375	14.4	12.8	15.9
Bachelor's degree	3,775	1,520	2,255	9.2	7.7	10.6
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	570	235	335	1.4	1.2	1.6
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	310	110	200	0.8	0.6	0.9
Master's degree	1,030	545	485	2.5	2.8	2.3
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	210	105	105	0.5	0.5	0.5
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	24,355	12,080	12,280	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	4,135	2,440	1,690	17.0	20.2	13.8
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	4,875	2,475	2,395	20.0	20.5	19.5
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	15,350	7,160	8,185	63.0	59.3	66.7
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	10,680	5,285	5,390	43.9	43.8	43.9
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	5,220	2,870	2,355	21.4	23.8	19.2
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	3,990	1,960	2,035	16.4	16.2	16.6
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	1,235	910	325	5.1	7.5	2.6
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	4,490	2,030	2,460	18.4	16.8	20.0
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	965	390	575	4.0	3.2	4.7
Bachelor's degree or higher	4,670	1,870	2,800	19.2	15.5	22.8
Bachelor's degree	2,950	1,135	1,815	12.1	9.4	14.8
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	460	175	290	1.9	1.4	2.4
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	250	80	165	1.0	0.7	1.3
Master's degree	835	400	435	3.4	3.3	3.5
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	175	85	90	0.7	0.7	0.7
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	40,940	19,700	21,240	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	19,835	9,650	10,190	48.4	49.0	48.0
Education	1,820	475	1,350	4.4	2.4	6.4
13. Education	1,820	475	1,350	4.4	2.4	6.4
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	635	350	285	1.6	1.8	1.3
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	100	85	20	0.2	0.4	0.1
50. Visual and performing arts	530	265	265	1.3	1.3	1.2
Humanities	1,005	475	530	2.5	2.4	2.5
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	75	10	60	0.2	0.1	0.3
23. English language and literature/letters	20	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	610	315	295	1.5	1.6	1.4
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	25	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	85	30	55	0.2	0.2	0.3
54. History	75	45	30	0.2	0.2	0.1
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	110	40	70	0.3	0.2	0.3
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,600	475	1,125	3.9	2.4	5.3
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	160	65	95	0.4	0.3	0.4
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	505	115	390	1.2	0.6	1.8
22. Legal professions and studies	235	85	150	0.6	0.4	0.7
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	75	15	60	0.2	0.1	0.3
42. Psychology	290	65	230	0.7	0.3	1.1
45. Social sciences	330	130	200	0.8	0.7	0.9
Business, management and public administration	4,455	1,580	2,875	10.9	8.0	13.5
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	255	60	200	0.6	0.3	0.9
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	4,200	1,515	2,680	10.3	7.7	12.6
Physical and life sciences and technologies	785	395	395	1.9	2.0	1.9
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	335	165	175	0.8	0.8	0.8
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	85	50	35	0.2	0.3	0.2
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	150	40	115	0.4	0.2	0.5
40. Physical sciences	145	110	35	0.4	0.6	0.2
41. Science technologies/technicians	60	25	35	0.1	0.1	0.2
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	570	400	165	1.4	2.0	0.8
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	500	370	125	1.2	1.9	0.6
25. Library science	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
27. Mathematics and statistics	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	4,155	3,810	345	10.1	19.3	1.6
04. Architecture and related services	95	55	35	0.2	0.3	0.2
14. Engineering	415	300	110	1.0	1.5	0.5
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	790	675	115	1.9	3.4	0.5
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	1,315	1,290	25	3.2	6.5	0.1
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	825	805	15	2.0	4.1	0.1
48. Precision production	720	675	45	1.8	3.4	0.2
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,280	690	590	3.1	3.5	2.8
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	1,220	645	575	3.0	3.3	2.7
03. Natural resources and conservation	65	45	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Health and related fields	3,325	640	2,680	8.1	3.2	12.6
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	165	105	60	0.4	0.5	0.3
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	3,070	515	2,555	7.5	2.6	12.0
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	45	10	35	0.1	0.1	0.2
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	40	10	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,475	765	710	3.6	3.9	3.3
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	950	290	655	2.3	1.5	3.1
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	230	205	30	0.6	1.0	0.1
49. Transportation and materials moving	295	270	25	0.7	1.4	0.1
Other¹⁷⁹	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	24,360	12,080	12,275	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	9,005	4,915	4,090	37.0	40.7	33.3
Education	1,185	265	920	4.9	2.2	7.5
13. Education	1,185	265	920	4.9	2.2	7.5
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	455	245	205	1.9	2.0	1.7
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	85	65	15	0.3	0.5	0.1
50. Visual and performing arts	375	185	190	1.5	1.5	1.5
Humanities	520	245	270	2.1	2.0	2.2
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	50	0	50	0.2	0.0	0.4
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	305	165	135	1.3	1.4	1.1
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
54. History	40	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	75	30	40	0.3	0.2	0.3
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,180	320	860	4.8	2.6	7.0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	125	60	70	0.5	0.5	0.6
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	385	60	325	1.6	0.5	2.6
22. Legal professions and studies	170	70	105	0.7	0.6	0.9
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	25	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.2
42. Psychology	215	35	180	0.9	0.3	1.5
45. Social sciences	250	100	150	1.0	0.8	1.2
Business, management and public administration	3,430	1,185	2,245	14.1	9.8	18.3
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	185	35	150	0.8	0.3	1.2
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,240	1,145	2,095	13.3	9.5	17.1
Physical and life sciences and technologies	545	285	265	2.2	2.4	2.2
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	300	140	160	1.2	1.2	1.3
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	35	25	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	50	15	35	0.2	0.1	0.3
40. Physical sciences	120	80	35	0.5	0.7	0.3
41. Science technologies/technicians	45	25	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	475	345	130	1.9	2.9	1.1
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	420	320	95	1.7	2.6	0.8
25. Library science	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
27. Mathematics and statistics	35	20	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	3,095	2,800	295	12.7	23.2	2.4
04. Architecture and related services	70	40	35	0.3	0.3	0.3
14. Engineering	365	260	105	1.5	2.2	0.9
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	595	500	95	2.4	4.1	0.8
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	970	950	20	4.0	7.9	0.2
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	595	580	10	2.4	4.8	0.1
48. Precision production	500	470	30	2.1	3.9	0.2
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	905	450	455	3.7	3.7	3.7
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	850	410	440	3.5	3.4	3.6
03. Natural resources and conservation	55	40	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
Health and related fields	2,505	510	1,995	10.3	4.2	16.3
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	145	85	55	0.6	0.7	0.4
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	2,290	415	1,875	9.4	3.4	15.3
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	45	10	30	0.2	0.1	0.2
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	25	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.2
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,050	500	550	4.3	4.1	4.5
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	680	170	510	2.8	1.4	4.2
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	175	150	25	0.7	1.2	0.2
49. Transportation and materials moving	195	180	15	0.8	1.5	0.1
Other¹⁷⁹	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	24,360	12,080	12,275	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	9,005	4,915	4,090	37.0	40.7	33.3
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	15,345	7,160	8,190	63.0	59.3	66.7
Location of study inside Canada	13,720	6,360	7,365	56.3	52.6	60.0
Same as province or territory of residence	13,555	6,280	7,280	55.6	52.0	59.3
Different than province or territory of residence	165	80	85	0.7	0.7	0.7
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	1,625	805	825	6.7	6.7	6.7
Americas	505	230	270	2.1	1.9	2.2
United States of America	65	25	40	0.3	0.2	0.3
Mexico	50	20	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Cuba	35	10	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
Haiti	55	20	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Colombia	215	100	120	0.9	0.8	1.0
Peru	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	40	25	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Europe	430	200	230	1.8	1.7	1.9
Belgium	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
France	265	130	135	1.1	1.1	1.1
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	30	25	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	60	20	40	0.2	0.2	0.3
Africa	590	305	280	2.4	2.5	2.3
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	150	70	80	0.6	0.6	0.7
Morocco	50	30	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Tunisia	90	60	40	0.4	0.5	0.3
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	290	150	145	1.2	1.2	1.2
Asia	110	65	45	0.5	0.5	0.4
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	35	25	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	40,940	19,700	21,240	...	...	...
In the labour force	24,995	12,850	12,150	...	...	...
Employed	23,405	12,035	11,365	...	...	...
Unemployed	1,595	815	780	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	15,940	6,855	9,085	...	...	...
Participation rate	61.1	65.2	57.2	61.1	65.2	57.2
Employment rate	57.2	61.1	53.5	57.2	61.1	53.5
Unemployment rate	6.4	6.3	6.4	6.4	6.3	6.4
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	40,940	19,700	21,240	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	15,720	6,685	9,045	38.4	33.9	42.6
Worked	25,220	13,015	12,200	61.6	66.1	57.4
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	13,590	7,355	6,235	33.2	37.3	29.4
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	11,625	5,660	5,965	28.4	28.7	28.1
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.0	42.6	41.3	42.0	42.6	41.3
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	25,000	12,845	12,150	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	520	260	260	2.1	2.0	2.1
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	24,480	12,585	11,895	97.9	98.0	97.9
Employee	22,335	11,400	10,935	89.3	88.8	90.0
Permanent position	18,890	9,750	9,140	75.6	75.9	75.2
Temporary position	3,445	1,650	1,800	13.8	12.8	14.8
Fixed term (1 year or more)	1,230	555	675	4.9	4.3	5.6
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	2,215	1,090	1,120	8.9	8.5	9.2
Self-employed¹⁹²	2,150	1,190	960	8.6	9.3	7.9
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	25,000	12,845	12,150	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	520	260	260	2.1	2.0	2.1
All occupations¹⁹¹	24,480	12,585	11,895	97.9	98.0	97.9
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	295	235	60	1.2	1.8	0.5
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	3,610	1,295	2,315	14.4	10.1	19.1
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,500	1,030	470	6.0	8.0	3.9
3 Health occupations	2,530	500	2,030	10.1	3.9	16.7
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	2,840	730	2,110	11.4	5.7	17.4
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	465	250	215	1.9	1.9	1.8
6 Sales and service occupations	6,090	2,685	3,405	24.4	20.9	28.0
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	4,175	3,875	300	16.7	30.2	2.5
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	460	320	135	1.8	2.5	1.1
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	2,520	1,665	850	10.1	13.0	7.0
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	25,000	12,845	12,150	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	520	260	260	2.1	2.0	2.1
All industries¹⁹¹	24,480	12,585	11,895	97.9	98.0	97.9
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	510	270	240	2.0	2.1	2.0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	40	30	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
22 Utilities	150	95	55	0.6	0.7	0.5
23 Construction	1,625	1,490	135	6.5	11.6	1.1
31-33 Manufacturing	4,300	2,885	1,410	17.2	22.5	11.6
41 Wholesale trade	1,185	805	380	4.7	6.3	3.1
44-45 Retail trade	2,910	1,285	1,630	11.6	10.0	13.4
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	800	660	135	3.2	5.1	1.1
51 Information and cultural industries	275	190	80	1.1	1.5	0.7
52 Finance and insurance	865	365	500	3.5	2.8	4.1
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	240	125	115	1.0	1.0	0.9
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,240	670	575	5.0	5.2	4.7
55 Management of companies and enterprises	30	20	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	850	565	285	3.4	4.4	2.3
61 Educational services	2,000	630	1,375	8.0	4.9	11.3
62 Health care and social assistance	3,920	785	3,130	15.7	6.1	25.8
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	325	190	135	1.3	1.5	1.1
72 Accommodation and food services	1,200	585	610	4.8	4.6	5.0
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,165	520	640	4.7	4.0	5.3
91 Public administration	840	420	425	3.4	3.3	3.5
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	26,880	13,785	13,095	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	140	65	75	0.5	0.5	0.6
French	23,095	11,660	11,435	85.9	84.6	87.3
Non-official language	90	55	35	0.3	0.4	0.3
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	90	55	35	0.3	0.4	0.3
English and French	3,135	1,805	1,330	11.7	13.1	10.2
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	250	130	125	0.9	0.9	1.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	170	70	100	0.6	0.5	0.8
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	26,880	13,785	13,095	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	26,445	13,570	12,880	98.4	98.4	98.4
Official languages	26,295	13,460	12,830	97.8	97.6	98.0
English	500	285	220	1.9	2.1	1.7
French	25,790	13,180	12,615	95.9	95.6	96.3
Non-official languages	155	110	45	0.6	0.8	0.3
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	155	110	45	0.6	0.8	0.3
Afro-Asiatic languages	20	20	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	20	20	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	20	20	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	130	90	40	0.5	0.7	0.3
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	130	90	40	0.5	0.7	0.3
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	130	90	40	0.5	0.7	0.3
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	435	215	220	1.6	1.6	1.7
English and French	380	205	185	1.4	1.5	1.4
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	50	15	30	0.2	0.1	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	26,880	13,785	13,095	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	23,740	11,995	11,745	88.3	87.0	89.7
English	2,420	1,400	1,020	9.0	10.2	7.8
French	405	260	145	1.5	1.9	1.1
Non-official language	160	65	95	0.6	0.5	0.7
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	160	65	95	0.6	0.5	0.7
English and French	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	125	50	75	0.5	0.4	0.6
French and non-official language(s)	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	23,405	12,035	11,370	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	2,830	1,315	1,515	12.1	10.9	13.3
Worked outside Canada	35	30	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
No fixed workplace address	2,245	1,635	605	9.6	13.6	5.3
Usual place of work	18,295	9,055	9,240	78.2	75.2	81.3
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	18,295	9,055	9,240	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	13,485	6,185	7,300	73.7	68.3	79.0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,215	775	440	6.6	8.6	4.8
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	3,580	2,095	1,490	19.6	23.1	16.1
Commute to a different province or territory	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	20,540	10,685	9,845	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	17,975	9,500	8,470	87.5	88.9	86.0
Car, truck or van - as a driver	16,895	9,010	7,885	82.3	84.3	80.1
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	1,080	495	585	5.3	4.6	5.9
Public transit	350	140	210	1.7	1.3	2.1
Walked	1,590	675	920	7.7	6.3	9.3
Bicycle	325	265	60	1.6	2.5	0.6
Other method	295	110	190	1.4	1.0	1.9
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	20,540	10,685	9,845	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	10,970	5,045	5,925	53.4	47.2	60.2
15 to 29 minutes	5,475	2,925	2,550	26.7	27.4	25.9
30 to 44 minutes	2,335	1,475	870	11.4	13.8	8.8
45 to 59 minutes	1,000	690	310	4.9	6.5	3.1
60 minutes and over	750	555	195	3.7	5.2	2.0
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	20,540	10,685	9,845	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,300	995	300	6.3	9.3	3.0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	3,585	2,250	1,330	17.5	21.1	13.5
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	6,285	2,890	3,395	30.6	27.0	34.5
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	3,745	1,440	2,305	18.2	13.5	23.4
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,575	640	940	7.7	6.0	9.5
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	4,040	2,475	1,575	19.7	23.2	16.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	9,110	4,665	4,450	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	685	370	320	7.5	7.9	7.2
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	8,425	4,295	4,130	92.5	92.1	92.8
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	6,715	3,405	3,310	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	530	280	250	7.9	8.2	7.6
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	335	175	165	5.0	5.1	5.0
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	195	110	90	2.9	3.2	2.7
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	6,185	3,125	3,060	92.1	91.8	92.4

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
^r
revised

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 18, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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