Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Saint-HyacintheMore information: Quebec [Census agglomeration]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	59,980	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	58,201^r	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	3.1	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total private dwellings²	29,215	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	27,960	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	231.2	...	...	231.2	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	259.38	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	59,980	28,875	31,110	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	9,090	4,660	4,435	15.2	16.1	14.3
0 to 4 years	2,725	1,415	1,310	4.5	4.9	4.2
5 to 9 years	3,040	1,575	1,470	5.1	5.5	4.7
10 to 14 years	3,325	1,665	1,660	5.5	5.8	5.3
15 to 64 years	35,555	17,770	17,790	59.3	61.5	57.2
15 to 19 years	2,925	1,445	1,485	4.9	5.0	4.8
20 to 24 years	3,185	1,585	1,595	5.3	5.5	5.1
25 to 29 years	3,470	1,725	1,740	5.8	6.0	5.6
30 to 34 years	3,340	1,745	1,595	5.6	6.0	5.1
35 to 39 years	3,415	1,715	1,700	5.7	5.9	5.5
40 to 44 years	3,850	1,965	1,880	6.4	6.8	6.0
45 to 49 years	3,270	1,655	1,615	5.5	5.7	5.2
50 to 54 years	3,450	1,710	1,740	5.8	5.9	5.6
55 to 59 years	4,205	2,060	2,145	7.0	7.1	6.9
60 to 64 years	4,455	2,160	2,290	7.4	7.5	7.4
65 years and over	15,330	6,445	8,885	25.6	22.3	28.6
65 to 69 years	4,285	1,995	2,290	7.1	6.9	7.4
70 to 74 years	3,745	1,715	2,030	6.2	5.9	6.5
75 to 79 years	2,985	1,305	1,675	5.0	4.5	5.4
80 to 84 years	1,950	765	1,180	3.3	2.6	3.8
85 years and over	2,365	660	1,700	3.9	2.3	5.5
85 to 89 years	1,370	440	930	2.3	1.5	3.0
90 to 94 years	675	175	505	1.1	0.6	1.6
95 to 99 years	260	40	220	0.4	0.1	0.7
100 years and over	50	0	50	0.1	0.0	0.2
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	15.2	16.1	14.3	15.2	16.1	14.3
15 to 64 years	59.3	61.5	57.2	59.3	61.5	57.2
65 years and over	25.6	22.3	28.6	25.6	22.3	28.6
85 years and over	3.9	2.3	5.5	3.9	2.3	5.5
Average age of the population	45.2	43.4	46.9	45.2	43.4	46.9
Median age of the population	46.0	44.0	48.4	46.0	44.0	48.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	27,960	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	10,100	...	...	36.1	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,565	...	...	5.6	...	...
Row house	645	...	...	2.3	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	2,310	...	...	8.3	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	12,890	...	...	46.1	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	145	...	...	0.5	...	...
Other single-attached house	205	...	...	0.7	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	95	...	...	0.3	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	27,960	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	11,290	...	...	40.4	...	...
2 persons	9,780	...	...	35.0	...	...
3 persons	3,020	...	...	10.8	...	...
4 persons	2,475	...	...	8.9	...	...
5 or more persons	1,390	...	...	5.0	...	...
Number of persons in private households	57,570	28,150	29,425	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.1	...	...	2.1	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	50,890	24,215	26,675	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	26,920	13,540	13,385	52.9	55.9	50.2
Married	14,505	7,345	7,160	28.5	30.3	26.8
Living common-law	12,420	6,195	6,230	24.4	25.6	23.4
Living common law - Never married	9,715	4,850	4,870	19.1	20.0	18.3
Living common law - Separated	120	55	60	0.2	0.2	0.2
Living common law - Divorced	2,310	1,170	1,140	4.5	4.8	4.3
Living common law - Widowed	280	125	160	0.6	0.5	0.6
Not married and not living common-law	23,965	10,675	13,285	47.1	44.1	49.8
Not married and not living common law - Never married	15,690	7,995	7,695	30.8	33.0	28.8
Not married and not living common law - Separated	645	290	355	1.3	1.2	1.3
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	4,195	1,630	2,560	8.2	6.7	9.6
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	3,435	760	2,680	6.7	3.1	10.0
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	15,925	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	9,510	...	...	59.7	...	...
3 persons	2,865	...	...	18.0	...	...
4 persons	2,400	...	...	15.1	...	...
5 or more persons	1,160	...	...	7.3	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	15,930	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	13,135	...	...	82.5	...	...
Married couples	6,930	...	...	43.5	...	...
With children⁶	2,370	...	...	14.9	...	...
Without children	4,565	...	...	28.7	...	...
Common-law couples	6,210	...	...	39.0	...	...
With children⁶	2,950	...	...	18.5	...	...
Without children	3,260	...	...	20.5	...	...
Total one-parent families	2,790	...	...	17.5	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	2,035	...	...	12.8	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	760	...	...	4.8	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	57,570	28,150	29,425	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	43,525	21,520	22,005	75.6	76.4	74.8
Married spouses or common-law partners	26,275	13,115	13,160	45.6	46.6	44.7
Parents in one-parent families	2,795	755	2,035	4.9	2.7	6.9
Children⁶	14,460	7,650	6,815	25.1	27.2	23.2
In a two-parent family	10,195	5,340	4,855	17.7	19.0	16.5
In a one-parent family	4,270	2,310	1,955	7.4	8.2	6.6
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	14,045	6,625	7,415	24.4	23.5	25.2
Living alone	11,285	5,110	6,180	19.6	18.2	21.0
Living with other relatives⁷	900	425	470	1.6	1.5	1.6
Living with non-relatives only	1,860	1,095	765	3.2	3.9	2.6
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	27,960	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	15,035	...	...	53.8	...	...
Couple-family households	12,570	...	...	45.0	...	...
With children⁶	5,060	...	...	18.1	...	...
Without children	7,505	...	...	26.8	...	...
One-parent-family households	2,465	...	...	8.8	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	225	...	...	0.8	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	60	...	...	0.2	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	435	...	...	1.6	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	910	...	...	3.3	...	...
One-person households	11,290	...	...	40.4	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	48,490	23,500	24,995	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	47,595	23,055	24,540	98.2	98.1	98.2
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,800	43,200	35,200	38,800	43,200	35,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	47,595	23,055	24,540	98.2	98.1	98.2
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,400	37,600	31,800	34,400	37,600	31,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	42,580	20,960	21,615	87.8	89.2	86.5
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	31,200	37,600	25,600	31,200	37,600	25,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	33,045	17,020	16,025	68.1	72.4	64.1
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,800	40,000	30,000	34,800	40,000	30,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	40,695	18,915	21,780	83.9	80.5	87.1
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,000	10,300	13,200	12,000	10,300	13,200
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	5,845	3,035	2,805	12.1	12.9	11.2
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,240	5,120	5,360	5,240	5,120	5,360
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	12,905	6,685	6,220	26.6	28.4	24.9
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	6,000	7,000	6,000	6,000	7,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	48,490	23,495	24,995	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	47,585	23,025	24,555	98.1	98.0	98.2
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	45,920	51,250	40,880	45,920	51,250	40,880
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	47,585	23,025	24,555	98.1	98.0	98.2
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,640	41,960	35,560	38,640	41,960	35,560
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	42,735	21,025	21,710	88.1	89.5	86.9
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,040	45,760	32,520	39,040	45,760	32,520
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	33,045	17,095	15,950	68.1	72.8	63.8
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,480	45,040	35,600	40,480	45,040	35,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	40,655	18,945	21,700	83.8	80.6	86.8
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,690	11,490	13,720	12,690	11,490	13,720
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	5,975	3,125	2,850	12.3	13.3	11.4
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,600	6,070	7,190	6,600	6,070	7,190
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	12,820	6,720	6,100	26.4	28.6	24.4
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,450	7,150	7,780	7,450	7,150	7,780
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	48,495	23,495	24,995	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	16,190	8,800	7,390	33.4	37.5	29.6
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	51,200	54,000	47,200	51,200	54,000	47,200
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	58,250	62,100	53,650	58,250	62,100	53,650
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	13,365	6,485	6,880	27.6	27.6	27.5
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	19,200	22,400	16,600	19,200	22,400	16,600
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	25,960	30,440	21,740	25,960	30,440	21,740
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	76.4	81.6	70.4	76.4	81.6	70.4
Employment income (%)¹⁹	61.2	65.2	56.5	61.2	65.2	56.5
Government transfers (%)²⁰	23.6	18.4	29.7	23.6	18.4	29.7
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.8	1.6	2.0	1.8	1.6	2.0
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.3	4.7	5.9	5.3	4.7	5.9
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.4	4.1	4.7	4.4	4.1	4.7
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	48,495	23,495	24,995	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	895	440	460	1.8	1.9	1.8
With total income	47,595	23,060	24,535	98.1	98.1	98.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,670	1,155	1,510	5.6	5.0	6.2
$10,000 to $19,999	6,075	2,435	3,640	12.8	10.6	14.8
$20,000 to $29,999	8,920	3,810	5,110	18.7	16.5	20.8
$30,000 to $39,999	6,915	3,065	3,850	14.5	13.3	15.7
$40,000 to $49,999	6,680	3,275	3,405	14.0	14.2	13.9
$50,000 to $59,999	5,260	2,745	2,510	11.1	11.9	10.2
$60,000 to $69,999	3,625	2,020	1,605	7.6	8.8	6.5
$70,000 to $79,999	2,270	1,375	900	4.8	6.0	3.7
$80,000 to $89,999	1,685	955	730	3.5	4.1	3.0
$90,000 to $99,999	1,070	590	480	2.2	2.6	2.0
$100,000 and over	2,425	1,625	800	5.1	7.0	3.3
$100,000 to $149,999	1,810	1,165	645	3.8	5.1	2.6
$150,000 and over	615	460	155	1.3	2.0	0.6
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	48,495	23,495	24,995	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	895	440	455	1.8	1.9	1.8
With after-tax income	47,595	23,060	24,540	98.1	98.1	98.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,845	1,205	1,635	6.0	5.2	6.7
$10,000 to $19,999	6,420	2,580	3,840	13.5	11.2	15.6
$20,000 to $29,999	10,375	4,490	5,890	21.8	19.5	24.0
$30,000 to $39,999	8,830	4,205	4,625	18.6	18.2	18.8
$40,000 to $49,999	7,775	4,070	3,710	16.3	17.6	15.1
$50,000 to $59,999	4,750	2,650	2,105	10.0	11.5	8.6
$60,000 to $69,999	2,800	1,555	1,250	5.9	6.7	5.1
$70,000 to $79,999	1,615	870	745	3.4	3.8	3.0
$80,000 to $89,999	850	495	360	1.8	2.1	1.5
$90,000 to $99,999	465	310	150	1.0	1.3	0.6
$100,000 and over	870	630	240	1.8	2.7	1.0
$100,000 to $124,999	470	335	135	1.0	1.5	0.6
$125,000 and over	400	295	100	0.8	1.3	0.4
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	48,495	23,495	24,995	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	15,450	6,480	8,970	31.9	27.6	35.9
With employment income	33,040	17,020	16,025	68.1	72.4	64.1
Under $5,000 (including loss)	3,845	1,845	2,005	11.6	10.8	12.5
$5,000 to $9,999	2,645	1,105	1,535	8.0	6.5	9.6
$10,000 to $19,999	4,225	1,875	2,355	12.8	11.0	14.7
$20,000 to $29,999	3,840	1,705	2,130	11.6	10.0	13.3
$30,000 to $39,999	4,115	2,005	2,110	12.5	11.8	13.2
$40,000 to $49,999	4,025	2,120	1,910	12.2	12.5	11.9
$50,000 to $59,999	3,015	1,760	1,255	9.1	10.3	7.8
$60,000 to $69,999	2,165	1,340	820	6.6	7.9	5.1
$70,000 to $79,999	1,520	985	540	4.6	5.8	3.4
$80,000 to $89,999	1,295	725	575	3.9	4.3	3.6
$90,000 to $99,999	710	425	290	2.1	2.5	1.8
$100,000 and over	1,645	1,130	510	5.0	6.6	3.2
$100,000 to $124,999	905	595	310	2.7	3.5	1.9
$125,000 and over	740	535	200	2.2	3.1	1.2
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	48,490	23,500	24,995	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	46,930	22,735	24,195	96.8	96.7	96.8
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,000	41,200	31,600	36,000	41,200	31,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	46,945	22,735	24,210	96.8	96.7	96.9
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	32,000	36,000	28,800	32,000	36,000	28,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	41,880	20,685	21,195	86.4	88.0	84.8
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	31,800	38,000	26,600	31,800	38,000	26,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	33,205	17,065	16,145	68.5	72.6	64.6
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,400	39,600	29,800	34,400	39,600	29,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	37,440	17,135	20,305	77.2	72.9	81.2
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,000	7,300	10,500	9,000	7,300	10,500
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	5,320	2,840	2,475	11.0	12.1	9.9
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,120	4,080	4,160	4,120	4,080	4,160
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	48,490	23,495	24,995	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	46,850	22,675	24,180	96.6	96.5	96.7
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	43,280	49,240	37,720	43,280	49,240	37,720
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	46,875	22,675	24,200	96.7	96.5	96.8
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,920	39,480	32,600	35,920	39,480	32,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	41,995	20,745	21,250	86.6	88.3	85.0
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,400	46,520	32,440	39,400	46,520	32,440
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	33,205	17,150	16,050	68.5	73.0	64.2
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,920	44,640	34,840	39,920	44,640	34,840
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	37,230	17,030	20,200	76.8	72.5	80.8
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,010	8,850	10,990	10,010	8,850	10,990
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	5,275	2,925	2,350	10.9	12.4	9.4
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,595	5,024	6,305	5,595	5,024	6,305
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	48,495	23,495	24,995	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	16,035	8,735	7,300	33.1	37.2	29.2
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	48,000	51,200	44,000	48,000	51,200	44,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	54,350	58,550	49,280	54,350	58,550	49,280
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	12,570	6,185	6,385	25.9	26.3	25.5
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	23,400	27,800	20,800	23,400	27,800	20,800
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	29,880	34,680	25,240	29,880	34,680	25,240
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	81.6	86.4	75.6	81.6	86.4	75.6
Employment income (%)	65.4	68.6	61.3	65.4	68.6	61.3
Government transfers (%)	18.4	13.5	24.4	18.4	13.5	24.4
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.5	1.3	1.6	1.5	1.3	1.6
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	27,960	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	62,000	...	...	62,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	54,800	...	...	54,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	11,290	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	35,200	...	...	35,200	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	32,000	...	...	32,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	16,670	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	88,000	...	...	88,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	77,000	...	...	77,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	27,960	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	78,100	...	...	78,100	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	65,800	...	...	65,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	11,295	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	41,240	...	...	41,240	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	35,640	...	...	35,640	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	16,665	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	103,100	...	...	103,100	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	86,200	...	...	86,200	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	27,960	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	205	...	...	0.7	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	175	...	...	0.6	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	450	...	...	1.6	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	825	...	...	3.0	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,115	...	...	7.6	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,390	...	...	5.0	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,190	...	...	4.3	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,510	...	...	5.4	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,510	...	...	5.4	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,465	...	...	5.2	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,620	...	...	9.4	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,240	...	...	8.0	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,920	...	...	6.9	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,770	...	...	6.3	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,450	...	...	5.2	...	...
$100,000 and over	7,135	...	...	25.5	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,760	...	...	9.9	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,695	...	...	6.1	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,650	...	...	5.9	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,030	...	...	3.7	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	27,960	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	225	...	...	0.8	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	185	...	...	0.7	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	455	...	...	1.6	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	855	...	...	3.1	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,270	...	...	8.1	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,680	...	...	6.0	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,555	...	...	5.6	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,820	...	...	6.5	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,880	...	...	6.7	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,660	...	...	5.9	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,775	...	...	9.9	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,415	...	...	8.6	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,180	...	...	7.8	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,700	...	...	6.1	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,420	...	...	5.1	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,880	...	...	17.5	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,440	...	...	8.7	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,170	...	...	4.2	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,280	...	...	4.6	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	15,985	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	89,000	...	...	89,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	77,000	...	...	77,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	7,575	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	79,000	...	...	79,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	69,000	...	...	69,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	5,330	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	123,000	...	...	123,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	104,000	...	...	104,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	2,725	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	65,000	...	...	65,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	58,800	...	...	58,800	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	13,145	6,200	6,945	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	34,400	37,600	32,000	34,400	37,600	32,000
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	31,200	33,600	29,600	31,200	33,600	29,600
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	16,010	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	103,700	...	...	103,700	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	86,500	...	...	86,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	7,555	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	92,300	...	...	92,300	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	76,400	...	...	76,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	5,355	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	137,200	...	...	137,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	113,500	...	...	113,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,725	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	70,100	...	...	70,100	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	61,700	...	...	61,700	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	13,085	6,165	6,920	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	40,080	42,720	37,760	40,080	42,720	37,760
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	34,720	36,240	33,360	34,720	36,240	33,360
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	57,570	28,150	29,420	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	10,800	5,510	5,290	18.8	19.6	18.0
0 to 5 years	3,300	1,705	1,600	5.7	6.1	5.4
18 to 64 years	33,580	16,730	16,850	58.3	59.4	57.3
65 years and over	13,195	5,900	7,290	22.9	21.0	24.8
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	7,930	3,505	4,430	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	1,225	620	610	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	445	225	220	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	3,785	1,845	1,945	...	...	...
65 years and over	2,915	1,045	1,870	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	13.8	12.4	15.0	13.8	12.4	15.0
0 to 17 years (%)	11.4	11.2	11.5	11.4	11.2	11.5
0 to 5 years (%)	13.4	13.1	13.6	13.4	13.1	13.6
18 to 64 years (%)	11.3	11.0	11.6	11.3	11.0	11.6
65 years and over (%)	22.1	17.7	25.7	22.1	17.7	25.7
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	57,570	28,150	29,425	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	10,800	5,515	5,285	18.8	19.6	18.0
0 to 5 years	3,300	1,700	1,595	5.7	6.0	5.4
18 to 64 years	33,580	16,735	16,845	58.3	59.4	57.2
65 years and over	13,190	5,905	7,290	22.9	21.0	24.8
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	2,695	1,325	1,365	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	415	200	215	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	155	80	70	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	2,050	1,045	1,010	...	...	...
65 years and over	230	85	150	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	4.7	4.7	4.7	4.7	4.7	4.7
0 to 17 years (%)	3.8	3.6	4.0	3.8	3.6	4.0
0 to 5 years (%)	4.7	4.8	4.6	4.7	4.8	4.6
18 to 64 years (%)	6.1	6.2	6.0	6.1	6.2	6.0
65 years and over (%)	1.8	1.4	2.0	1.8	1.4	2.0
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	57,570	28,150	29,425	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	36,290	17,300	18,990	63.0	61.5	64.5
In bottom decile	6,700	3,020	3,685	11.6	10.7	12.5
In second decile	7,760	3,520	4,235	13.5	12.5	14.4
In third decile	7,480	3,620	3,860	13.0	12.9	13.1
In fourth decile	7,355	3,590	3,765	12.8	12.8	12.8
In fifth decile	7,000	3,550	3,450	12.2	12.6	11.7
In top half of the distribution	21,285	10,855	10,430	37.0	38.6	35.4
In sixth decile	6,325	3,275	3,060	11.0	11.6	10.4
In seventh decile	5,165	2,605	2,560	9.0	9.3	8.7
In eighth decile	4,335	2,200	2,140	7.5	7.8	7.3
In ninth decile	3,340	1,690	1,645	5.8	6.0	5.6
In top decile	2,115	1,085	1,030	3.7	3.9	3.5
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	57,570	...	...	57,570	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.302	...	...	0.302	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.444	...	...	0.444	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.259	...	...	0.259	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.2	...	...	3.2	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	58,825	28,550	30,275	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	180	115	70	0.3	0.4	0.2
French only	40,675	18,605	22,075	69.1	65.2	72.9
English and French	17,535	9,595	7,940	29.8	33.6	26.2
Neither English nor French	430	240	190	0.7	0.8	0.6
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	58,825	28,550	30,275	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	740	380	360	1.3	1.3	1.2
French	57,085	27,610	29,470	97.0	96.7	97.3
English and French	595	330	265	1.0	1.2	0.9
Neither English nor French	410	235	180	0.7	0.8	0.6
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	58,825	28,550	30,275	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	57,950	28,080	29,865	98.5	98.4	98.6
Official languages	54,145	26,125	28,020	92.0	91.5	92.6
English	535	260	280	0.9	0.9	0.9
French	53,605	25,865	27,745	91.1	90.6	91.6
Non-official languages	3,800	1,955	1,845	6.5	6.8	6.1
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	3,795	1,955	1,845	6.5	6.8	6.1
Afro-Asiatic languages	710	385	325	1.2	1.3	1.1
Berber languages	165	90	75	0.3	0.3	0.2
Kabyle	150	80	70	0.3	0.3	0.2
Tamazight	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	535	290	250	0.9	1.0	0.8
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	535	290	250	0.9	1.0	0.8
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	30	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	20	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	210	120	90	0.4	0.4	0.3
Haitian Creole	145	80	70	0.2	0.3	0.2
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	25	15	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Sango	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	40	30	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	2,215	1,105	1,110	3.8	3.9	3.7
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	70	30	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	70	30	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	30	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	75	40	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages	20	15	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	55	30	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dari	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	2,025	1,015	1,010	3.4	3.6	3.3
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	50	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Portuguese	150	75	75	0.3	0.3	0.2
Romanian	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	1,795	900	900	3.1	3.2	3.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	445	230	215	0.8	0.8	0.7
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	20	15	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	25	20	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Luba-Kasai	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	70	40	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	155	70	80	0.3	0.2	0.3
Wojenaka	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	35	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	50	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nilo-Saharan languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	50	20	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages	55	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	40	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	60	30	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	60	30	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	880	475	405	1.5	1.7	1.3
English and French	330	180	150	0.6	0.6	0.5
English and non-official language(s)	50	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	420	220	200	0.7	0.8	0.7
English, French and non-official language(s)	40	30	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	50	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	58,825	28,550	30,275	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	210	105	105	0.4	0.4	0.3
French	52,925	25,495	27,435	90.0	89.3	90.6
Non-official language	1,340	705	635	2.3	2.5	2.1
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	1,340	705	635	2.3	2.5	2.1
English and French	1,475	805	675	2.5	2.8	2.2
English and non-official language(s)	100	55	40	0.2	0.2	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	2,205	1,085	1,120	3.7	3.8	3.7
English, French and non-official language(s)	550	285	265	0.9	1.0	0.9
Multiple non-official languages	30	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	58,825	28,550	30,275	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	57,750	27,985	29,770	98.2	98.0	98.3
Official languages	55,475	26,795	28,675	94.3	93.9	94.7
English	405	210	195	0.7	0.7	0.6
French	55,070	26,585	28,485	93.6	93.1	94.1
Non-official languages	2,280	1,185	1,090	3.9	4.2	3.6
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	2,280	1,185	1,090	3.9	4.2	3.6
Afro-Asiatic languages	335	185	150	0.6	0.6	0.5
Berber languages	60	35	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kabyle	55	35	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	270	150	120	0.5	0.5	0.4
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	270	150	120	0.5	0.5	0.4
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	25	15	15	0.0	0.1	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	20	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	75	50	30	0.1	0.2	0.1
Haitian Creole	45	30	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	15	15	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,580	800	785	2.7	2.8	2.6
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	45	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	45	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages	10	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	35	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,480	750	730	2.5	2.6	2.4
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	75	40	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	1,385	705	680	2.4	2.5	2.2
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	175	90	85	0.3	0.3	0.3
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	20	15	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	30	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	30	10	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	70	35	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	20	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	30	10	10	0.1	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	25	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	1,075	570	510	1.8	2.0	1.7
English and French	310	165	145	0.5	0.6	0.5
English and non-official language(s)	45	30	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	635	325	305	1.1	1.1	1.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	75	40	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	58,825	28,550	30,270	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	55,365	26,765	28,600	94.1	93.7	94.5
English	1,160	635	525	2.0	2.2	1.7
French	875	450	425	1.5	1.6	1.4
Non-official language	945	455	490	1.6	1.6	1.6
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	945	455	490	1.6	1.6	1.6
English and French	110	60	55	0.2	0.2	0.2
English and non-official language(s)	215	105	110	0.4	0.4	0.4
French and non-official language(s)	70	35	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	75	40	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	57,570	28,150	29,420	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	57,105	27,910	29,195	99.2	99.1	99.2
English	17,560	9,520	8,040	30.5	33.8	27.3
French	56,980	27,820	29,160	99.0	98.8	99.1
Non-official languages	6,005	2,985	3,015	10.4	10.6	10.2
Indigenous languages³⁹	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	6,005	2,985	3,015	10.4	10.6	10.2
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,010	530	475	1.8	1.9	1.6
Berber languages	230	115	115	0.4	0.4	0.4
Kabyle	190	95	90	0.3	0.3	0.3
Tamazight	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	45	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	865	465	395	1.5	1.7	1.3
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	855	455	395	1.5	1.6	1.3
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	80	55	25	0.1	0.2	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Vietnamese	50	40	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	375	200	175	0.7	0.7	0.6
Haitian Creole	300	160	135	0.5	0.6	0.5
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	30	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	35	25	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	3,765	1,825	1,940	6.5	6.5	6.6
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	115	40	75	0.2	0.1	0.3
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	115	40	75	0.2	0.1	0.3
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Russian	55	10	45	0.1	0.0	0.2
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	35	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	150	105	50	0.3	0.4	0.2
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	120	70	50	0.2	0.2	0.2
German	115	70	50	0.2	0.2	0.2
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	30	30	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	20	20	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	85	40	45	0.1	0.1	0.2
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	75	35	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	55	30	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dari	35	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Iranian Persian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	3,470	1,675	1,795	6.0	6.0	6.1
Catalan	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	185	80	110	0.3	0.3	0.4
Portuguese	300	155	140	0.5	0.6	0.5
Romanian	55	10	40	0.1	0.0	0.1
Spanish	3,030	1,470	1,560	5.3	5.2	5.3
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	705	385	320	1.2	1.4	1.1
Akan (Twi)	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	40	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	60	30	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Lingala	145	80	70	0.3	0.3	0.2
Luba-Kasai	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	95	45	50	0.2	0.2	0.2
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	225	110	115	0.4	0.4	0.4
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	45	30	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	175	100	75	0.3	0.4	0.3
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	25	20	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Sign languages	70	40	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	55	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Sign languages, n.i.e.	25	20	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	110	50	60	0.2	0.2	0.2
Chinese languages	110	45	60	0.2	0.2	0.2
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	95	45	55	0.2	0.2	0.2
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	110	50	55	0.2	0.2	0.2
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	110	50	55	0.2	0.2	0.2
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	57,570	28,150	29,425	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	750	375	375	1.3	1.3	1.3
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	690	340	350	1.2	1.2	1.2
First Nations (North American Indian)	465	210	255	0.8	0.7	0.9
Métis	215	125	90	0.4	0.4	0.3
Inuk (Inuit)	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	55	30	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-Indigenous identity	56,825	27,775	29,045	98.7	98.7	98.7
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	57,570	28,150	29,425	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	105	50	55	0.2	0.2	0.2
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	57,470	28,100	29,365	99.8	99.8	99.8
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	27,960	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	13,900	...	...	49.7	...	...
Renter	14,060	...	...	50.3	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	27,960	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	3,540	...	...	12.7	...	...
Not condominium	24,420	...	...	87.3	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	27,960	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	340	...	...	1.2	...	...
1 bedroom	4,830	...	...	17.3	...	...
2 bedrooms	9,375	...	...	33.5	...	...
3 bedrooms	8,885	...	...	31.8	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	4,530	...	...	16.2	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	27,960	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	11,460	...	...	41.0	...	...
5 rooms	5,340	...	...	19.1	...	...
6 rooms	2,805	...	...	10.0	...	...
7 rooms	2,440	...	...	8.7	...	...
8 or more rooms	5,920	...	...	21.2	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.5	...	...	5.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	27,960	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	27,735	...	...	99.2	...	...
More than one person per room	225	...	...	0.8	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	27,960	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	27,230	...	...	97.4	...	...
Not suitable	735	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	27,960	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	6,625	...	...	23.7	...	...
1961 to 1980	8,860	...	...	31.7	...	...
1981 to 1990	3,825	...	...	13.7	...	...
1991 to 2000	2,800	...	...	10.0	...	...
2001 to 2005	1,265	...	...	4.5	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,745	...	...	6.2	...	...
2011 to 2015	1,485	...	...	5.3	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	1,355	...	...	4.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	27,960	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	26,665	...	...	95.4	...	...
Major repairs needed	1,295	...	...	4.6	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	27,960	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	16,775	...	...	60.0	...	...
Two-maintainer household	10,625	...	...	38.0	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	565	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	27,960	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	1,125	...	...	4.0	...	...
25 to 34 years	3,580	...	...	12.8	...	...
35 to 44 years	4,540	...	...	16.2	...	...
45 to 54 years	4,080	...	...	14.6	...	...
55 to 64 years	5,570	...	...	19.9	...	...
65 to 74 years	5,155	...	...	18.4	...	...
75 to 84 years	3,025	...	...	10.8	...	...
85 years and over	870	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	27,765	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	23,350	...	...	84.1	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	4,410	...	...	15.9	...	...
30% to less than 100%	4,180	...	...	15.1	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	27,960	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	6,120	...	...	21.9	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	4,125	...	...	14.8	...	...
Not suitable only	625	...	...	2.2	...	...
Major repairs needed only	1,045	...	...	3.7	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	65	...	...	0.2	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	215	...	...	0.8	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	35	...	...	0.1	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	21,840	...	...	78.1	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	27,530	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	1,725	...	...	6.3	...	...
Not in core need	25,805	...	...	93.7	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	13,820	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	58.9	...	...	58.9	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	8.3	...	...	8.3	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	1.3	...	...	1.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	980	...	...	980	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,035	...	...	1,035	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	300,000	...	...	300,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	312,400	...	...	312,400	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	14,035	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	7.4	...	...	7.4	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	23.4	...	...	23.4	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	11.2	...	...	11.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	730	...	...	730	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	778	...	...	778	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	57,570	28,150	29,425	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	770	405	365	1.3	1.4	1.2
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	770	405	365	1.3	1.4	1.2
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	640	330	315	1.1	1.2	1.1
Métis single ancestry	125	75	50	0.2	0.3	0.2
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	1,275	590	685	2.2	2.1	2.3
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	1,275	590	685	2.2	2.1	2.3
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	1,190	550	645	2.1	2.0	2.2
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	75	40	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	55,525	27,150	28,370	96.4	96.4	96.4
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	57,575	28,150	29,420	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	54,390	26,565	27,825	94.5	94.4	94.6
Canadian citizens aged under 18	10,025	5,080	4,945	17.4	18.0	16.8
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	44,365	21,480	22,880	77.1	76.3	77.8
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	3,180	1,585	1,595	5.5	5.6	5.4
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	57,575	28,150	29,420	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	51,915	25,260	26,655	90.2	89.7	90.6
Immigrants⁸¹	4,295	2,140	2,155	7.5	7.6	7.3
Before 1980	305	175	130	0.5	0.6	0.4
1980 to 1990	105	60	45	0.2	0.2	0.2
1991 to 2000	275	115	160	0.5	0.4	0.5
2001 to 2010	1,205	620	590	2.1	2.2	2.0
2011 to 2021⁸²	2,405	1,175	1,225	4.2	4.2	4.2
2011 to 2015	1,170	580	585	2.0	2.1	2.0
2016 to 2021	1,240	600	640	2.2	2.1	2.2
Non-permanent residents⁸³	1,365	750	615	2.4	2.7	2.1
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	4,295	2,140	2,150	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	625	300	325	14.6	14.0	15.1
5 to 14 years	800	430	375	18.6	20.1	17.4
15 to 24 years	630	325	305	14.7	15.2	14.2
25 to 44 years	1,970	925	1,040	45.9	43.2	48.4
45 years and over	265	165	105	6.2	7.7	4.9
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	4,295	2,140	2,150	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	1,385	680	705	32.2	31.8	32.8
Brazil	25	10	20	0.6	0.5	0.9
Colombia	770	395	370	17.9	18.5	17.2
El Salvador	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	175	85	95	4.1	4.0	4.4
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	90	35	50	2.1	1.6	2.3
Peru	40	20	25	0.9	0.9	1.2
Trinidad and Tobago	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.5
United States of America	65	45	20	1.5	2.1	0.9
Other places of birth in Americas	200	85	115	4.7	4.0	5.3
Europe	665	325	335	15.5	15.2	15.6
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	30	10	20	0.7	0.5	0.9
France	355	200	155	8.3	9.3	7.2
Germany	15	10	0	0.3	0.5	0.0
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	20	15	10	0.5	0.7	0.5
Netherlands	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Poland	15	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.7
Portugal	30	10	15	0.7	0.5	0.7
Romania	15	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.5
Russian Federation	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.5
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	15	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.7
United Kingdom⁸⁷	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	145	60	80	3.4	2.8	3.7
Africa	1,835	935	905	42.7	43.7	42.1
Algeria	350	165	190	8.1	7.7	8.8
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	245	115	135	5.7	5.4	6.3
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	180	95	80	4.2	4.4	3.7
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	1,060	565	500	24.7	26.4	23.3
Asia	410	200	205	9.5	9.3	9.5
Afghanistan	35	15	15	0.8	0.7	0.7
Iran⁸⁸	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Iraq	20	0	20	0.5	0.0	0.9
Lebanon	20	10	10	0.5	0.5	0.5
Syria⁸⁹	120	60	55	2.8	2.8	2.6
Turkey	40	25	20	0.9	1.2	0.9
China⁹⁰	70	35	30	1.6	1.6	1.4
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.5
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	20	15	0	0.5	0.7	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	60	25	30	1.4	1.2	1.4
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	1,235	595	640	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	235	120	110	19.0	20.2	17.2
Brazil	15	0	10	1.2	0.0	1.6
Colombia	140	80	60	11.3	13.4	9.4
Haiti	20	0	20	1.6	0.0	3.1
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	15	0	10	1.2	0.0	1.6
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	30	15	10	2.4	2.5	1.6
Europe	160	85	80	13.0	14.3	12.5
France	120	75	45	9.7	12.6	7.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	30	10	20	2.4	1.7	3.1
Africa	665	320	345	53.8	53.8	53.9
Algeria	90	35	55	7.3	5.9	8.6
Burundi	10	0	0	0.8	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	95	55	40	7.7	9.2	6.3
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	110	50	60	8.9	8.4	9.4
Côte d'Ivoire	170	85	85	13.8	14.3	13.3
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	20	0	15	1.6	0.0	2.3
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	10	0	10	0.8	0.0	1.6
Other places of birth in Africa	160	80	75	13.0	13.4	11.7
Asia	175	70	105	14.2	11.8	16.4
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	20	0	20	1.6	0.0	3.1
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	15	0	15	1.2	0.0	2.3
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	120	60	55	9.7	10.1	8.6
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	57,570	28,150	29,420	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	5,860	2,980	2,875	10.2	10.6	9.8
Second generation¹⁰¹	2,595	1,225	1,370	4.5	4.4	4.7
Third generation or more¹⁰²	49,115	23,945	25,175	85.3	85.1	85.6
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	3,990	1,965	2,020	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	1,770	945	825	44.4	48.1	40.8
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	780	485	295	19.5	24.7	14.6
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	985	460	525	24.7	23.4	26.0
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	810	320	490	20.3	16.3	24.3
Refugees¹⁰⁸	1,380	685	690	34.6	34.9	34.2
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	35	20	15	0.9	1.0	0.7
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	3,990	1,965	2,020	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	265	145	115	6.6	7.4	5.7
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	205	95	110	5.1	4.8	5.4
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	35	20	15	0.9	1.0	0.7
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	70	50	20	1.8	2.5	1.0
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	15	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.5
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	3,400	1,650	1,750	85.2	84.0	86.6
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	57,570	28,150	29,425	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	5,480	2,830	2,650	9.5	10.1	9.0
South Asian	65	20	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese	165	70	95	0.3	0.2	0.3
Black	2,470	1,305	1,165	4.3	4.6	4.0
Filipino	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arab	745	410	340	1.3	1.5	1.2
Latin American	1,680	825	855	2.9	2.9	2.9
Southeast Asian	130	90	40	0.2	0.3	0.1
West Asian	80	35	45	0.1	0.1	0.2
Korean	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	55	35	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple visible minorities	75	40	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	52,090	25,320	26,770	90.5	89.9	91.0
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	57,575	28,150	29,420	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	22,595	10,970	11,630	39.2	39.0	39.5
English	440	205	235	0.8	0.7	0.8
Irish	1,590	780	810	2.8	2.8	2.8
Scottish	455	195	265	0.8	0.7	0.9
French, n.o.s.¹²²	12,620	6,250	6,370	21.9	22.2	21.7
German	550	280	270	1.0	1.0	0.9
Chinese	135	50	90	0.2	0.2	0.3
Italian	645	290	350	1.1	1.0	1.2
Indian (India)	90	45	40	0.2	0.2	0.1
Ukrainian	30	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Dutch	70	40	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Polish	85	40	45	0.1	0.1	0.2
Québécois	8,795	4,260	4,535	15.3	15.1	15.4
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	90	30	55	0.2	0.1	0.2
Filipino	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French Canadian	4,610	2,245	2,365	8.0	8.0	8.0
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	1,150	565	585	2.0	2.0	2.0
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	1,015	475	540	1.8	1.7	1.8
Métis	200	120	80	0.3	0.4	0.3
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	595	345	245	1.0	1.2	0.8
Russian	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	35	10	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
Portuguese	185	80	105	0.3	0.3	0.4
American	315	165	150	0.5	0.6	0.5
Spanish	335	180	155	0.6	0.6	0.5
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	55	25	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Acadian	355	170	185	0.6	0.6	0.6
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	425	205	220	0.7	0.7	0.7
Jewish	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	245	115	135	0.4	0.4	0.5
Greek	55	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Jamaican	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	60	45	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	45	35	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Korean	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	40	10	30	0.1	0.0	0.1
Lebanese	80	30	50	0.1	0.1	0.2
Iranian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	600	275	320	1.0	1.0	1.1
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	175	85	90	0.3	0.3	0.3
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Belgian	265	130	135	0.5	0.5	0.5
Haitian	420	220	200	0.7	0.8	0.7
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	350	165	185	0.6	0.6	0.6
Mennonite	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	125	65	65	0.2	0.2	0.2
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	75	30	45	0.1	0.1	0.2
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	40	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	155	95	60	0.3	0.3	0.2
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombian	955	455	495	1.7	1.6	1.7
Moroccan	165	105	60	0.3	0.4	0.2
Czech	25	0	25	0.0	0.0	0.1
Syrian	125	60	75	0.2	0.2	0.3
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	60	35	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	65	35	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Serbian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	30	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Persian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	60	20	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	285	150	140	0.5	0.5	0.5
Brazilian	30	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	20	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	115	55	60	0.2	0.2	0.2
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	20	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Congolese	375	200	180	0.7	0.7	0.6
Nova Scotian	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	50	20	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	50	30	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Berber	125	75	50	0.2	0.3	0.2
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	55	15	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
New Brunswicker	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	40	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	45	15	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tunisian	145	95	50	0.3	0.3	0.2
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	100	50	50	0.2	0.2	0.2
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	60	40	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Latvian	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	90	50	40	0.2	0.2	0.1
Guatemalan	110	70	45	0.2	0.2	0.2
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	25	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	30	10	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Ecuadorian	20	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Franco Ontarian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	65	35	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	45	10	35	0.1	0.0	0.1
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	175	75	100	0.3	0.3	0.3
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	190	85	105	0.3	0.3	0.4
Moldovan	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	90	40	45	0.2	0.1	0.2
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	55	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	40	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	110	40	75	0.2	0.1	0.3
Norman	50	15	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	200	95	100	0.3	0.3	0.3
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	60	35	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	40	25	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	35	10	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	85	55	35	0.1	0.2	0.1
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	65	35	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	25	20	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Bamileke	65	40	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	80	50	30	0.1	0.2	0.1
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	30	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	35	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	57,570	28,150	29,425	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	105	65	40	0.2	0.2	0.1
Christian	41,240	19,575	21,665	71.6	69.5	73.6
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	3,295	1,635	1,650	5.7	5.8	5.6
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	65	20	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baptist	335	140	195	0.6	0.5	0.7
Catholic	36,310	17,165	19,145	63.1	61.0	65.1
Christian Orthodox	120	45	75	0.2	0.2	0.3
Jehovah's Witness	215	105	110	0.4	0.4	0.4
Latter Day Saints	40	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Lutheran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	20	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	390	185	205	0.7	0.7	0.7
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Reformed	40	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
United Church	25	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	385	195	185	0.7	0.7	0.6
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	1,430	735	700	2.5	2.6	2.4
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	185	80	100	0.3	0.3	0.3
No religion and secular perspectives	14,590	7,680	6,905	25.3	27.3	23.5
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	57,085	27,915	29,170	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	50,295	24,605	25,690	88.1	88.1	88.1
Movers	6,785	3,310	3,475	11.9	11.9	11.9
Non-migrants	3,955	1,870	2,090	6.9	6.7	7.2
Migrants	2,830	1,440	1,390	5.0	5.2	4.8
Internal migrants	2,600	1,285	1,310	4.6	4.6	4.5
Intraprovincial migrants	2,580	1,280	1,295	4.5	4.6	4.4
Interprovincial migrants	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
External migrants	230	155	75	0.4	0.6	0.3
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	54,860	26,785	28,075	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	31,420	15,390	16,030	57.3	57.5	57.1
Movers	23,435	11,395	12,045	42.7	42.5	42.9
Non-migrants	10,755	5,175	5,585	19.6	19.3	19.9
Migrants	12,685	6,230	6,460	23.1	23.3	23.0
Internal migrants	10,625	5,155	5,475	19.4	19.2	19.5
Intraprovincial migrants	10,415	5,050	5,360	19.0	18.9	19.1
Interprovincial migrants	210	100	115	0.4	0.4	0.4
External migrants	2,055	1,075	980	3.7	4.0	3.5
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	48,495	23,495	24,995	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	13,000	6,930	6,075	26.8	29.5	24.3
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	35,490	16,570	18,920	73.2	70.5	75.7
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	29,180	14,520	14,660	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	5,930	3,610	2,330	20.3	24.9	15.9
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	23,245	10,915	12,335	79.7	75.2	84.1
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	48,490	23,500	24,995	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	11,475	5,940	5,525	23.7	25.3	22.1
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	11,775	5,525	6,255	24.3	23.5	25.0
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	25,240	12,030	13,215	52.1	51.2	52.9
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	18,515	9,165	9,345	38.2	39.0	37.4
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	8,795	5,160	3,635	18.1	22.0	14.5
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	6,575	3,465	3,105	13.6	14.7	12.4
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	2,230	1,700	530	4.6	7.2	2.1
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	7,905	3,370	4,540	16.3	14.3	18.2
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,805	640	1,170	3.7	2.7	4.7
Bachelor's degree or higher	6,730	2,860	3,870	13.9	12.2	15.5
Bachelor's degree	4,375	1,765	2,610	9.0	7.5	10.4
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	655	265	390	1.4	1.1	1.6
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	335	120	215	0.7	0.5	0.9
Master's degree	1,145	595	550	2.4	2.5	2.2
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	225	115	110	0.5	0.5	0.4
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	29,180	14,525	14,660	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	4,870	2,945	1,925	16.7	20.3	13.1
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	5,785	2,945	2,840	19.8	20.3	19.4
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	18,530	8,630	9,895	63.5	59.4	67.5
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	13,205	6,515	6,690	45.3	44.9	45.6
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	6,560	3,680	2,875	22.5	25.3	19.6
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	4,935	2,465	2,470	16.9	17.0	16.8
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	1,620	1,215	405	5.6	8.4	2.8
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	5,495	2,390	3,110	18.8	16.5	21.2
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,150	445	705	3.9	3.1	4.8
Bachelor's degree or higher	5,320	2,115	3,205	18.2	14.6	21.9
Bachelor's degree	3,415	1,300	2,110	11.7	9.0	14.4
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	520	190	325	1.8	1.3	2.2
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	275	85	185	0.9	0.6	1.3
Master's degree	935	445	490	3.2	3.1	3.3
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	185	90	95	0.6	0.6	0.6
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	48,495	23,500	24,995	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	23,250	11,465	11,780	47.9	48.8	47.1
Education	2,115	545	1,570	4.4	2.3	6.3
13. Education	2,115	545	1,570	4.4	2.3	6.3
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	730	395	335	1.5	1.7	1.3
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	110	90	20	0.2	0.4	0.1
50. Visual and performing arts	620	300	315	1.3	1.3	1.3
Humanities	1,195	560	630	2.5	2.4	2.5
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	95	20	75	0.2	0.1	0.3
23. English language and literature/letters	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	720	365	360	1.5	1.6	1.4
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	30	30	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	85	30	55	0.2	0.1	0.2
54. History	90	50	35	0.2	0.2	0.1
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	130	55	80	0.3	0.2	0.3
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,870	535	1,340	3.9	2.3	5.4
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	185	80	110	0.4	0.3	0.4
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	625	130	495	1.3	0.6	2.0
22. Legal professions and studies	260	100	160	0.5	0.4	0.6
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	85	15	75	0.2	0.1	0.3
42. Psychology	325	65	265	0.7	0.3	1.1
45. Social sciences	380	145	235	0.8	0.6	0.9
Business, management and public administration	5,320	1,795	3,525	11.0	7.6	14.1
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	295	60	240	0.6	0.3	1.0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	5,020	1,735	3,285	10.4	7.4	13.1
Physical and life sciences and technologies	875	430	445	1.8	1.8	1.8
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	360	175	185	0.7	0.7	0.7
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	105	55	50	0.2	0.2	0.2
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	160	40	120	0.3	0.2	0.5
40. Physical sciences	160	115	40	0.3	0.5	0.2
41. Science technologies/technicians	90	45	45	0.2	0.2	0.2
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	665	465	195	1.4	2.0	0.8
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	575	435	145	1.2	1.9	0.6
25. Library science	40	0	35	0.1	0.0	0.1
27. Mathematics and statistics	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	5,190	4,765	425	10.7	20.3	1.7
04. Architecture and related services	105	60	45	0.2	0.3	0.2
14. Engineering	470	345	120	1.0	1.5	0.5
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	965	825	145	2.0	3.5	0.6
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	1,655	1,610	40	3.4	6.9	0.2
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,070	1,050	20	2.2	4.5	0.1
48. Precision production	925	875	50	1.9	3.7	0.2
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,570	855	715	3.2	3.6	2.9
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	1,490	790	690	3.1	3.4	2.8
03. Natural resources and conservation	85	65	20	0.2	0.3	0.1
Health and related fields	3,850	710	3,140	7.9	3.0	12.6
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	200	125	75	0.4	0.5	0.3
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	3,570	560	3,005	7.4	2.4	12.0
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	45	10	35	0.1	0.0	0.1
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	40	10	30	0.1	0.0	0.1
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,855	970	890	3.8	4.1	3.6
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	1,165	345	820	2.4	1.5	3.3
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	305	265	40	0.6	1.1	0.2
49. Transportation and materials moving	385	355	30	0.8	1.5	0.1
Other¹⁷⁹	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	29,180	14,520	14,660	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	10,655	5,890	4,765	36.5	40.6	32.5
Education	1,380	310	1,070	4.7	2.1	7.3
13. Education	1,380	310	1,070	4.7	2.1	7.3
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	535	280	255	1.8	1.9	1.7
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	90	70	15	0.3	0.5	0.1
50. Visual and performing arts	445	205	240	1.5	1.4	1.6
Humanities	650	305	345	2.2	2.1	2.4
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	70	10	60	0.2	0.1	0.4
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	380	195	175	1.3	1.3	1.2
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
54. History	55	25	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	90	40	50	0.3	0.3	0.3
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,380	350	1,030	4.7	2.4	7.0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	140	65	70	0.5	0.4	0.5
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	465	65	405	1.6	0.4	2.8
22. Legal professions and studies	180	70	105	0.6	0.5	0.7
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	40	0	40	0.1	0.0	0.3
42. Psychology	255	35	225	0.9	0.2	1.5
45. Social sciences	300	115	190	1.0	0.8	1.3
Business, management and public administration	4,125	1,345	2,780	14.1	9.3	19.0
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	220	35	185	0.8	0.2	1.3
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,900	1,305	2,590	13.4	9.0	17.7
Physical and life sciences and technologies	590	290	295	2.0	2.0	2.0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	310	140	170	1.1	1.0	1.2
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	40	25	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	55	15	40	0.2	0.1	0.3
40. Physical sciences	125	80	45	0.4	0.6	0.3
41. Science technologies/technicians	60	35	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	555	405	145	1.9	2.8	1.0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	485	380	110	1.7	2.6	0.8
25. Library science	30	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	3,915	3,545	370	13.4	24.4	2.5
04. Architecture and related services	90	40	50	0.3	0.3	0.3
14. Engineering	420	300	120	1.4	2.1	0.8
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	730	620	115	2.5	4.3	0.8
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	1,220	1,180	45	4.2	8.1	0.3
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	790	770	20	2.7	5.3	0.1
48. Precision production	665	630	35	2.3	4.3	0.2
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,155	600	565	4.0	4.1	3.9
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	1,080	540	540	3.7	3.7	3.7
03. Natural resources and conservation	75	60	15	0.3	0.4	0.1
Health and related fields	2,895	560	2,335	9.9	3.9	15.9
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	160	100	65	0.5	0.7	0.4
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	2,665	450	2,215	9.1	3.1	15.1
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	45	10	30	0.2	0.1	0.2
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	25	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.2
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,345	640	700	4.6	4.4	4.8
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	855	200	655	2.9	1.4	4.5
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	230	195	35	0.8	1.3	0.2
49. Transportation and materials moving	255	245	15	0.9	1.7	0.1
Other¹⁷⁹	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	29,180	14,520	14,660	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	10,655	5,890	4,765	36.5	40.6	32.5
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	18,525	8,630	9,895	63.5	59.4	67.5
Location of study inside Canada	16,825	7,770	9,050	57.7	53.5	61.7
Same as province or territory of residence	16,625	7,665	8,960	57.0	52.8	61.1
Different than province or territory of residence	200	110	90	0.7	0.8	0.6
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	1,705	865	845	5.8	6.0	5.8
Americas	545	265	280	1.9	1.8	1.9
United States of America	65	25	40	0.2	0.2	0.3
Mexico	65	30	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Cuba	35	10	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
Haiti	60	30	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Colombia	235	115	120	0.8	0.8	0.8
Peru	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	40	25	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Europe	445	210	230	1.5	1.4	1.6
Belgium	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
France	265	130	135	0.9	0.9	0.9
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	30	25	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	60	20	40	0.2	0.1	0.3
Africa	610	325	285	2.1	2.2	1.9
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	165	80	85	0.6	0.6	0.6
Morocco	55	35	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Tunisia	90	60	40	0.3	0.4	0.3
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	300	155	145	1.0	1.1	1.0
Asia	110	65	45	0.4	0.4	0.3
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	35	25	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	48,490	23,500	24,995	...	...	...
In the labour force	30,175	15,590	14,585	...	...	...
Employed	28,360	14,675	13,685	...	...	...
Unemployed	1,815	915	900	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	18,320	7,905	10,415	...	...	...
Participation rate	62.2	66.3	58.4	62.2	66.3	58.4
Employment rate	58.5	62.4	54.8	58.5	62.4	54.8
Unemployment rate	6.0	5.9	6.2	6.0	5.9	6.2
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	48,490	23,500	24,995	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	17,985	7,630	10,355	37.1	32.5	41.4
Worked	30,510	15,865	14,640	62.9	67.5	58.6
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	16,580	9,045	7,530	34.2	38.5	30.1
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	13,935	6,820	7,110	28.7	29.0	28.4
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.3	42.9	41.6	42.3	42.9	41.6
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	30,175	15,590	14,580	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	585	300	285	1.9	1.9	2.0
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	29,590	15,290	14,295	98.1	98.1	98.0
Employee	26,700	13,605	13,090	88.5	87.3	89.8
Permanent position	22,685	11,655	11,025	75.2	74.8	75.6
Temporary position	4,010	1,950	2,060	13.3	12.5	14.1
Fixed term (1 year or more)	1,360	610	750	4.5	3.9	5.1
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	2,650	1,345	1,310	8.8	8.6	9.0
Self-employed¹⁹²	2,890	1,685	1,205	9.6	10.8	8.3
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	30,175	15,590	14,580	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	585	300	285	1.9	1.9	2.0
All occupations¹⁹¹	29,590	15,290	14,295	98.1	98.1	98.0
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	375	300	75	1.2	1.9	0.5
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	4,410	1,475	2,935	14.6	9.5	20.1
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,800	1,225	575	6.0	7.9	3.9
3 Health occupations	2,920	545	2,380	9.7	3.5	16.3
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	3,375	915	2,460	11.2	5.9	16.9
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	590	305	285	2.0	2.0	2.0
6 Sales and service occupations	7,205	3,165	4,040	23.9	20.3	27.7
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	5,265	4,915	345	17.4	31.5	2.4
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	720	520	200	2.4	3.3	1.4
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	2,925	1,925	1,000	9.7	12.3	6.9
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	30,175	15,590	14,580	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	585	300	285	1.9	1.9	2.0
All industries¹⁹¹	29,590	15,290	14,295	98.1	98.1	98.0
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	850	495	350	2.8	3.2	2.4
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	75	65	10	0.2	0.4	0.1
22 Utilities	195	110	80	0.6	0.7	0.5
23 Construction	2,070	1,895	175	6.9	12.2	1.2
31-33 Manufacturing	5,055	3,390	1,670	16.8	21.7	11.5
41 Wholesale trade	1,420	970	450	4.7	6.2	3.1
44-45 Retail trade	3,490	1,530	1,965	11.6	9.8	13.5
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,045	865	180	3.5	5.5	1.2
51 Information and cultural industries	305	210	95	1.0	1.3	0.7
52 Finance and insurance	1,065	420	645	3.5	2.7	4.4
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	280	150	130	0.9	1.0	0.9
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,525	795	735	5.1	5.1	5.0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	50	20	35	0.2	0.1	0.2
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,040	700	340	3.4	4.5	2.3
61 Educational services	2,355	710	1,645	7.8	4.6	11.3
62 Health care and social assistance	4,490	850	3,635	14.9	5.5	24.9
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	370	210	160	1.2	1.3	1.1
72 Accommodation and food services	1,445	695	745	4.8	4.5	5.1
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,440	670	765	4.8	4.3	5.2
91 Public administration	1,025	550	475	3.4	3.5	3.3
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	32,375	16,715	15,660	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	175	90	90	0.5	0.5	0.6
French	27,980	14,215	13,765	86.4	85.0	87.9
Non-official language	130	95	35	0.4	0.6	0.2
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	130	95	35	0.4	0.6	0.2
English and French	3,655	2,110	1,545	11.3	12.6	9.9
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	260	135	125	0.8	0.8	0.8
English, French and non-official language(s)	170	75	100	0.5	0.4	0.6
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	32,375	16,715	15,660	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	31,880	16,465	15,415	98.5	98.5	98.4
Official languages	31,680	16,320	15,360	97.9	97.6	98.1
English	565	330	230	1.7	2.0	1.5
French	31,115	15,990	15,125	96.1	95.7	96.6
Non-official languages	195	145	50	0.6	0.9	0.3
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	195	145	50	0.6	0.9	0.3
Afro-Asiatic languages	20	20	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	20	20	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	20	20	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	170	120	40	0.5	0.7	0.3
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	160	120	40	0.5	0.7	0.3
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	160	120	40	0.5	0.7	0.3
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	495	250	245	1.5	1.5	1.6
English and French	440	230	210	1.4	1.4	1.3
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	55	20	30	0.2	0.1	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	32,375	16,715	15,660	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	28,765	14,640	14,125	88.8	87.6	90.2
English	2,850	1,650	1,205	8.8	9.9	7.7
French	440	285	150	1.4	1.7	1.0
Non-official language	165	70	95	0.5	0.4	0.6
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	165	70	95	0.5	0.4	0.6
English and French	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	130	60	75	0.4	0.4	0.5
French and non-official language(s)	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	28,360	14,675	13,680	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	3,540	1,630	1,915	12.5	11.1	14.0
Worked outside Canada	45	35	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
No fixed workplace address	2,840	2,125	715	10.0	14.5	5.2
Usual place of work	21,940	10,885	11,050	77.4	74.2	80.8
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	21,940	10,885	11,050	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	15,395	7,110	8,285	70.2	65.3	75.0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	2,105	1,215	895	9.6	11.2	8.1
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	4,410	2,550	1,860	20.1	23.4	16.8
Commute to a different province or territory	25	20	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	24,775	13,010	11,765	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	22,035	11,730	10,310	88.9	90.2	87.6
Car, truck or van - as a driver	20,770	11,135	9,630	83.8	85.6	81.9
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	1,265	590	675	5.1	4.5	5.7
Public transit	370	150	220	1.5	1.2	1.9
Walked	1,700	735	965	6.9	5.6	8.2
Bicycle	330	275	60	1.3	2.1	0.5
Other method	335	125	215	1.4	1.0	1.8
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	24,775	13,010	11,765	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	12,535	5,810	6,730	50.6	44.7	57.2
15 to 29 minutes	7,140	3,830	3,315	28.8	29.4	28.2
30 to 44 minutes	2,990	1,870	1,120	12.1	14.4	9.5
45 to 59 minutes	1,180	795	380	4.8	6.1	3.2
60 minutes and over	930	705	220	3.8	5.4	1.9
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	24,775	13,010	11,765	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,715	1,320	390	6.9	10.1	3.3
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	4,435	2,825	1,615	17.9	21.7	13.7
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	7,650	3,550	4,090	30.9	27.3	34.8
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	4,520	1,735	2,775	18.2	13.3	23.6
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,850	745	1,100	7.5	5.7	9.3
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	4,615	2,825	1,785	18.6	21.7	15.2
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	11,015	5,620	5,395	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	780	415	365	7.1	7.4	6.8
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	10,235	5,205	5,030	92.9	92.6	93.2
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	8,080	4,100	3,980	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	590	310	285	7.3	7.6	7.2
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	370	185	175	4.6	4.5	4.4
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	225	125	100	2.8	3.0	2.5
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	7,485	3,790	3,695	92.6	92.4	92.8

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
^r
revised

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 18, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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