Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Saint-Hyacinthe, Ville (V)More information: Quebec [Census subdivision]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	57,239	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	55,648	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total private dwellings²	28,096	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	26,870	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	303.1	...	...	303.1	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	188.85	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	57,240	27,455	29,785	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	8,495	4,345	4,145	14.8	15.8	13.9
0 to 4 years	2,515	1,305	1,205	4.4	4.8	4.0
5 to 9 years	2,855	1,470	1,380	5.0	5.4	4.6
10 to 14 years	3,120	1,565	1,560	5.5	5.7	5.2
15 to 64 years	33,785	16,845	16,940	59.0	61.4	56.9
15 to 19 years	2,770	1,365	1,405	4.8	5.0	4.7
20 to 24 years	3,040	1,515	1,525	5.3	5.5	5.1
25 to 29 years	3,275	1,630	1,645	5.7	5.9	5.5
30 to 34 years	3,140	1,645	1,500	5.5	6.0	5.0
35 to 39 years	3,205	1,605	1,600	5.6	5.8	5.4
40 to 44 years	3,655	1,870	1,790	6.4	6.8	6.0
45 to 49 years	3,085	1,560	1,525	5.4	5.7	5.1
50 to 54 years	3,295	1,620	1,670	5.8	5.9	5.6
55 to 59 years	4,015	1,965	2,055	7.0	7.2	6.9
60 to 64 years	4,295	2,070	2,225	7.5	7.5	7.5
65 years and over	14,960	6,260	8,700	26.1	22.8	29.2
65 to 69 years	4,145	1,920	2,220	7.2	7.0	7.5
70 to 74 years	3,635	1,660	1,970	6.4	6.0	6.6
75 to 79 years	2,920	1,270	1,650	5.1	4.6	5.5
80 to 84 years	1,920	755	1,165	3.4	2.7	3.9
85 years and over	2,340	650	1,690	4.1	2.4	5.7
85 to 89 years	1,355	435	925	2.4	1.6	3.1
90 to 94 years	675	170	500	1.2	0.6	1.7
95 to 99 years	260	40	220	0.5	0.1	0.7
100 years and over	50	0	55	0.1	0.0	0.2
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	14.8	15.8	13.9	14.8	15.8	13.9
15 to 64 years	59.0	61.4	56.9	59.0	61.4	56.9
65 years and over	26.1	22.8	29.2	26.1	22.8	29.2
85 years and over	4.1	2.4	5.7	4.1	2.4	5.7
Average age of the population	45.6	43.7	47.3	45.6	43.7	47.3
Median age of the population	46.4	44.4	49.2	46.4	44.4	49.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	26,870	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	9,230	...	...	34.4	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,535	...	...	5.7	...	...
Row house	650	...	...	2.4	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	2,270	...	...	8.4	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	12,780	...	...	47.6	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	140	...	...	0.5	...	...
Other single-attached house	205	...	...	0.8	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	65	...	...	0.2	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	26,870	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	11,030	...	...	41.0	...	...
2 persons	9,380	...	...	34.9	...	...
3 persons	2,850	...	...	10.6	...	...
4 persons	2,310	...	...	8.6	...	...
5 or more persons	1,305	...	...	4.9	...	...
Number of persons in private households	54,830	26,735	28,100	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	48,745	23,110	25,640	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	25,525	12,840	12,685	52.4	55.6	49.5
Married	13,870	7,025	6,845	28.5	30.4	26.7
Living common-law	11,650	5,810	5,840	23.9	25.1	22.8
Living common law - Never married	9,045	4,515	4,535	18.6	19.5	17.7
Living common law - Separated	115	55	60	0.2	0.2	0.2
Living common law - Divorced	2,225	1,125	1,100	4.6	4.9	4.3
Living common law - Widowed	265	120	145	0.5	0.5	0.6
Not married and not living common-law	23,220	10,270	12,950	47.6	44.4	50.5
Not married and not living common law - Never married	15,125	7,670	7,460	31.0	33.2	29.1
Not married and not living common law - Separated	630	285	345	1.3	1.2	1.3
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	4,095	1,580	2,515	8.4	6.8	9.8
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	3,370	735	2,635	6.9	3.2	10.3
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	15,120	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	9,110	...	...	60.3	...	...
3 persons	2,700	...	...	17.9	...	...
4 persons	2,225	...	...	14.7	...	...
5 or more persons	1,080	...	...	7.1	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	15,120	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	12,440	...	...	82.3	...	...
Married couples	6,620	...	...	43.8	...	...
With children⁶	2,245	...	...	14.8	...	...
Without children	4,380	...	...	29.0	...	...
Common-law couples	5,825	...	...	38.5	...	...
With children⁶	2,720	...	...	18.0	...	...
Without children	3,105	...	...	20.5	...	...
Total one-parent families	2,675	...	...	17.7	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	1,965	...	...	13.0	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	710	...	...	4.7	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	54,830	26,735	28,100	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	41,145	20,310	20,835	75.0	76.0	74.1
Married spouses or common-law partners	24,885	12,420	12,465	45.4	46.5	44.4
Parents in one-parent families	2,680	715	1,965	4.9	2.7	7.0
Children⁶	13,585	7,175	6,405	24.8	26.8	22.8
In a two-parent family	9,500	4,970	4,530	17.3	18.6	16.1
In a one-parent family	4,085	2,210	1,875	7.5	8.3	6.7
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	13,685	6,420	7,265	25.0	24.0	25.9
Living alone	11,025	4,950	6,075	20.1	18.5	21.6
Living with other relatives⁷	860	405	455	1.6	1.5	1.6
Living with non-relatives only	1,800	1,065	735	3.3	4.0	2.6
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	26,870	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	14,275	...	...	53.1	...	...
Couple-family households	11,905	...	...	44.3	...	...
With children⁶	4,715	...	...	17.5	...	...
Without children	7,190	...	...	26.8	...	...
One-parent-family households	2,365	...	...	8.8	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	220	...	...	0.8	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	60	...	...	0.2	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	415	...	...	1.5	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	875	...	...	3.3	...	...
One-person households	11,025	...	...	41.0	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	46,350	22,390	23,960	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	45,485	21,960	23,520	98.1	98.1	98.2
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,800	42,800	34,800	38,800	42,800	34,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	45,485	21,960	23,520	98.1	98.1	98.2
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,400	37,600	31,600	34,400	37,600	31,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	40,625	19,935	20,690	87.6	89.0	86.4
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	31,000	37,200	25,400	31,000	37,200	25,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	31,345	16,105	15,245	67.6	71.9	63.6
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,400	39,600	30,000	34,400	39,600	30,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	38,960	18,065	20,895	84.1	80.7	87.2
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,100	10,500	13,200	12,100	10,500	13,200
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	5,460	2,825	2,630	11.8	12.6	11.0
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,200	5,080	5,280	5,200	5,080	5,280
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	12,260	6,335	5,925	26.5	28.3	24.7
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	6,000	7,000	6,000	6,000	7,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	46,350	22,390	23,960	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	45,470	21,940	23,535	98.1	98.0	98.2
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	45,760	51,000	40,880	45,760	51,000	40,880
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	45,470	21,940	23,535	98.1	98.0	98.2
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,520	41,720	35,520	38,520	41,720	35,520
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	40,780	19,995	20,780	88.0	89.3	86.7
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,920	45,520	32,560	38,920	45,520	32,560
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	31,345	16,185	15,160	67.6	72.3	63.3
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,400	44,800	35,680	40,400	44,800	35,680
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	38,915	18,065	20,845	84.0	80.7	87.0
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,720	11,560	13,720	12,720	11,560	13,720
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	5,585	2,920	2,660	12.0	13.0	11.1
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,540	6,035	7,090	6,540	6,035	7,090
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	12,205	6,385	5,820	26.3	28.5	24.3
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,490	7,230	7,760	7,490	7,230	7,760
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	46,350	22,390	23,960	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	15,310	8,285	7,025	33.0	37.0	29.3
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	51,200	54,000	47,600	51,200	54,000	47,600
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	58,400	62,350	53,750	58,400	62,350	53,750
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	12,675	6,150	6,520	27.3	27.5	27.2
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	19,000	22,000	16,600	19,000	22,000	16,600
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	25,800	29,920	21,880	25,800	29,920	21,880
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	76.2	81.4	70.2	76.2	81.4	70.2
Employment income (%)¹⁹	60.8	64.8	56.2	60.8	64.8	56.2
Government transfers (%)²⁰	23.8	18.7	29.7	23.8	18.7	29.7
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.8	1.6	2.0	1.8	1.6	2.0
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.3	4.8	5.9	5.3	4.8	5.9
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.4	4.1	4.7	4.4	4.1	4.7
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	46,350	22,390	23,960	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	870	425	440	1.9	1.9	1.8
With total income	45,485	21,965	23,525	98.1	98.1	98.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,540	1,100	1,440	5.6	5.0	6.1
$10,000 to $19,999	5,865	2,350	3,510	12.9	10.7	14.9
$20,000 to $29,999	8,600	3,665	4,935	18.9	16.7	21.0
$30,000 to $39,999	6,630	2,930	3,700	14.6	13.3	15.7
$40,000 to $49,999	6,375	3,110	3,260	14.0	14.2	13.9
$50,000 to $59,999	4,960	2,605	2,355	10.9	11.9	10.0
$60,000 to $69,999	3,415	1,895	1,525	7.5	8.6	6.5
$70,000 to $79,999	2,135	1,280	855	4.7	5.8	3.6
$80,000 to $89,999	1,605	905	700	3.5	4.1	3.0
$90,000 to $99,999	1,030	570	465	2.3	2.6	2.0
$100,000 and over	2,330	1,555	770	5.1	7.1	3.3
$100,000 to $149,999	1,730	1,110	615	3.8	5.1	2.6
$150,000 and over	600	445	155	1.3	2.0	0.7
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	46,350	22,390	23,960	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	870	425	440	1.9	1.9	1.8
With after-tax income	45,485	21,965	23,525	98.1	98.1	98.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,720	1,150	1,565	6.0	5.2	6.7
$10,000 to $19,999	6,190	2,485	3,700	13.6	11.3	15.7
$20,000 to $29,999	9,990	4,315	5,680	22.0	19.6	24.1
$30,000 to $39,999	8,445	4,005	4,445	18.6	18.2	18.9
$40,000 to $49,999	7,365	3,845	3,515	16.2	17.5	14.9
$50,000 to $59,999	4,470	2,485	1,990	9.8	11.3	8.5
$60,000 to $69,999	2,660	1,475	1,185	5.8	6.7	5.0
$70,000 to $79,999	1,545	835	715	3.4	3.8	3.0
$80,000 to $89,999	815	465	345	1.8	2.1	1.5
$90,000 to $99,999	450	300	150	1.0	1.4	0.6
$100,000 and over	845	610	235	1.9	2.8	1.0
$100,000 to $124,999	450	320	135	1.0	1.5	0.6
$125,000 and over	385	290	100	0.8	1.3	0.4
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	46,350	22,390	23,960	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	15,010	6,290	8,715	32.4	28.1	36.4
With employment income	31,345	16,100	15,240	67.6	71.9	63.6
Under $5,000 (including loss)	3,710	1,785	1,930	11.8	11.1	12.7
$5,000 to $9,999	2,525	1,060	1,470	8.1	6.6	9.6
$10,000 to $19,999	4,015	1,790	2,225	12.8	11.1	14.6
$20,000 to $29,999	3,635	1,620	2,020	11.6	10.1	13.3
$30,000 to $39,999	3,880	1,890	1,990	12.4	11.7	13.1
$40,000 to $49,999	3,800	2,010	1,795	12.1	12.5	11.8
$50,000 to $59,999	2,815	1,625	1,190	9.0	10.1	7.8
$60,000 to $69,999	2,030	1,240	790	6.5	7.7	5.2
$70,000 to $79,999	1,430	925	510	4.6	5.7	3.3
$80,000 to $89,999	1,240	680	560	4.0	4.2	3.7
$90,000 to $99,999	685	405	275	2.2	2.5	1.8
$100,000 and over	1,580	1,080	495	5.0	6.7	3.2
$100,000 to $124,999	870	565	300	2.8	3.5	2.0
$125,000 and over	710	520	195	2.3	3.2	1.3
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	46,350	22,390	23,960	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	44,850	21,660	23,190	96.8	96.7	96.8
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,600	40,800	31,400	35,600	40,800	31,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	44,865	21,660	23,205	96.8	96.7	96.8
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	31,800	35,600	28,600	31,800	35,600	28,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	39,950	19,660	20,285	86.2	87.8	84.7
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	31,600	37,600	26,400	31,600	37,600	26,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	31,485	16,140	15,345	67.9	72.1	64.0
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,000	39,200	29,600	34,000	39,200	29,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	35,885	16,380	19,510	77.4	73.2	81.4
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,100	7,550	10,600	9,100	7,550	10,600
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	4,915	2,610	2,310	10.6	11.7	9.6
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,080	4,120	4,040	4,080	4,120	4,040
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	46,350	22,390	23,960	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	44,790	21,590	23,195	96.6	96.4	96.8
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	43,120	49,040	37,600	43,120	49,040	37,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	44,810	21,590	23,215	96.7	96.4	96.9
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,760	39,280	32,520	35,760	39,280	32,520
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	40,085	19,725	20,360	86.5	88.1	85.0
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,240	46,320	32,360	39,240	46,320	32,360
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	31,495	16,215	15,270	68.0	72.4	63.7
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,720	44,320	34,840	39,720	44,320	34,840
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	35,715	16,280	19,435	77.1	72.7	81.1
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,030	8,910	10,980	10,030	8,910	10,980
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	4,890	2,700	2,185	10.6	12.1	9.1
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,565	5,072	6,175	5,565	5,072	6,175
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	46,350	22,390	23,960	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	15,160	8,215	6,945	32.7	36.7	29.0
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	48,000	50,800	44,000	48,000	50,800	44,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	54,350	58,600	49,320	54,350	58,600	49,320
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	11,920	5,855	6,065	25.7	26.2	25.3
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	23,200	27,000	20,800	23,200	27,000	20,800
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	29,600	34,040	25,300	29,600	34,040	25,300
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	81.4	86.4	75.6	81.4	86.4	75.6
Employment income (%)	64.8	68.0	61.0	64.8	68.0	61.0
Government transfers (%)	18.6	13.7	24.4	18.6	13.7	24.4
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.4	1.3	1.6	1.4	1.3	1.6
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	26,870	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	61,200	...	...	61,200	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	54,000	...	...	54,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	11,025	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	35,200	...	...	35,200	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	32,000	...	...	32,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	15,845	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	88,000	...	...	88,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	76,500	...	...	76,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	26,870	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	77,500	...	...	77,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	65,200	...	...	65,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	11,020	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	41,120	...	...	41,120	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	35,520	...	...	35,520	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	15,855	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	102,700	...	...	102,700	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	85,800	...	...	85,800	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	26,870	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	195	...	...	0.7	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	175	...	...	0.7	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	440	...	...	1.6	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	810	...	...	3.0	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,070	...	...	7.7	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,355	...	...	5.0	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,160	...	...	4.3	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,460	...	...	5.4	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,460	...	...	5.4	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,430	...	...	5.3	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,540	...	...	9.5	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,155	...	...	8.0	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,835	...	...	6.8	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,700	...	...	6.3	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,355	...	...	5.0	...	...
$100,000 and over	6,730	...	...	25.0	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,590	...	...	9.6	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,595	...	...	5.9	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,555	...	...	5.8	...	...
$200,000 and over	995	...	...	3.7	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	26,870	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	220	...	...	0.8	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	180	...	...	0.7	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	445	...	...	1.7	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	840	...	...	3.1	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,220	...	...	8.3	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,640	...	...	6.1	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,515	...	...	5.6	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,760	...	...	6.6	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,815	...	...	6.8	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,620	...	...	6.0	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,670	...	...	9.9	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,320	...	...	8.6	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,085	...	...	7.8	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,590	...	...	5.9	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,345	...	...	5.0	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,600	...	...	17.1	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,270	...	...	8.4	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,100	...	...	4.1	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,235	...	...	4.6	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	15,180	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	88,000	...	...	88,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	76,500	...	...	76,500	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	7,255	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	79,000	...	...	79,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	69,000	...	...	69,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	4,975	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	123,000	...	...	123,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	104,000	...	...	104,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	2,610	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	65,000	...	...	65,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	58,800	...	...	58,800	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	12,825	6,015	6,815	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	34,400	37,600	32,000	34,400	37,600	32,000
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	31,200	33,200	29,800	31,200	33,200	29,800
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	15,215	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	103,200	...	...	103,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	86,000	...	...	86,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	7,245	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	92,200	...	...	92,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	76,200	...	...	76,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	4,975	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	137,400	...	...	137,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	113,400	...	...	113,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,640	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	69,600	...	...	69,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	61,300	...	...	61,300	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	12,775	5,975	6,790	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	39,960	42,480	37,800	39,960	42,480	37,800
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	34,640	36,040	33,400	34,640	36,040	33,400
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	54,830	26,730	28,100	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	10,105	5,155	4,950	18.4	19.3	17.6
0 to 5 years	3,060	1,575	1,480	5.6	5.9	5.3
18 to 64 years	31,900	15,860	16,040	58.2	59.3	57.1
65 years and over	12,820	5,720	7,105	23.4	21.4	25.3
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	7,705	3,395	4,310	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	1,180	595	585	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	420	210	205	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	3,695	1,800	1,895	...	...	...
65 years and over	2,825	1,005	1,825	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	14.1	12.7	15.3	14.1	12.7	15.3
0 to 17 years (%)	11.7	11.6	11.8	11.7	11.6	11.8
0 to 5 years (%)	13.7	13.4	14.0	13.7	13.4	14.0
18 to 64 years (%)	11.6	11.3	11.8	11.6	11.3	11.8
65 years and over (%)	22.1	17.6	25.7	22.1	17.6	25.7
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	54,830	26,735	28,100	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	10,110	5,155	4,955	18.4	19.3	17.6
0 to 5 years	3,055	1,580	1,480	5.6	5.9	5.3
18 to 64 years	31,900	15,860	16,045	58.2	59.3	57.1
65 years and over	12,825	5,715	7,105	23.4	21.4	25.3
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	2,660	1,305	1,355	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	405	195	210	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	150	80	70	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	2,025	1,030	995	...	...	...
65 years and over	230	85	150	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	4.9	4.9	4.8	4.9	4.9	4.8
0 to 17 years (%)	4.0	3.8	4.2	4.0	3.8	4.2
0 to 5 years (%)	4.9	5.1	4.6	4.9	5.1	4.6
18 to 64 years (%)	6.3	6.5	6.2	6.3	6.5	6.2
65 years and over (%)	1.8	1.5	2.1	1.8	1.5	2.1
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	54,830	26,730	28,100	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	34,710	16,485	18,220	63.3	61.7	64.8
In bottom decile	6,525	2,930	3,595	11.9	11.0	12.8
In second decile	7,425	3,355	4,065	13.5	12.6	14.5
In third decile	7,190	3,460	3,725	13.1	12.9	13.3
In fourth decile	7,010	3,415	3,590	12.8	12.8	12.8
In fifth decile	6,570	3,325	3,240	12.0	12.4	11.5
In top half of the distribution	20,120	10,245	9,875	36.7	38.3	35.1
In sixth decile	5,930	3,060	2,870	10.8	11.4	10.2
In seventh decile	4,880	2,460	2,420	8.9	9.2	8.6
In eighth decile	4,100	2,070	2,025	7.5	7.7	7.2
In ninth decile	3,175	1,610	1,565	5.8	6.0	5.6
In top decile	2,040	1,045	990	3.7	3.9	3.5
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	54,830	...	...	54,830	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.304	...	...	0.304	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.449	...	...	0.449	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.261	...	...	0.261	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.2	...	...	3.2	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	56,085	27,135	28,950	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	180	115	70	0.3	0.4	0.2
French only	38,615	17,555	21,060	68.9	64.7	72.7
English and French	16,865	9,230	7,635	30.1	34.0	26.4
Neither English nor French	425	240	190	0.8	0.9	0.7
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	56,085	27,135	28,950	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	725	370	350	1.3	1.4	1.2
French	54,370	26,210	28,160	96.9	96.6	97.3
English and French	585	325	260	1.0	1.2	0.9
Neither English nor French	405	230	180	0.7	0.8	0.6
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	56,085	27,135	28,950	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	55,220	26,670	28,555	98.5	98.3	98.6
Official languages	51,480	24,740	26,740	91.8	91.2	92.4
English	520	250	270	0.9	0.9	0.9
French	50,960	24,490	26,470	90.9	90.3	91.4
Non-official languages	3,745	1,930	1,815	6.7	7.1	6.3
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	3,740	1,930	1,815	6.7	7.1	6.3
Afro-Asiatic languages	700	380	320	1.2	1.4	1.1
Berber languages	160	90	70	0.3	0.3	0.2
Kabyle	145	75	65	0.3	0.3	0.2
Tamazight	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	530	290	245	0.9	1.1	0.8
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	530	290	245	0.9	1.1	0.8
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	30	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	20	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	205	120	85	0.4	0.4	0.3
Haitian Creole	140	75	70	0.2	0.3	0.2
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	25	15	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Sango	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	40	30	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	2,180	1,085	1,090	3.9	4.0	3.8
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	70	30	45	0.1	0.1	0.2
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	70	30	45	0.1	0.1	0.2
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	30	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	80	40	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages	20	15	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	60	30	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dari	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,985	995	995	3.5	3.7	3.4
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	45	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Portuguese	145	75	75	0.3	0.3	0.3
Romanian	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Spanish	1,765	880	885	3.1	3.2	3.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	440	230	215	0.8	0.8	0.7
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	20	15	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	25	20	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Luba-Kasai	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	70	35	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	155	70	80	0.3	0.3	0.3
Wojenaka	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	35	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	50	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nilo-Saharan languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	50	20	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages	55	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	40	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	55	30	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	55	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	865	460	400	1.5	1.7	1.4
English and French	320	170	145	0.6	0.6	0.5
English and non-official language(s)	50	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	410	215	195	0.7	0.8	0.7
English, French and non-official language(s)	35	25	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	50	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	56,085	27,135	28,950	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	215	105	105	0.4	0.4	0.4
French	50,300	24,130	26,165	89.7	88.9	90.4
Non-official language	1,320	695	625	2.4	2.6	2.2
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	1,320	695	625	2.4	2.6	2.2
English and French	1,425	780	650	2.5	2.9	2.2
English and non-official language(s)	100	55	40	0.2	0.2	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	2,165	1,065	1,100	3.9	3.9	3.8
English, French and non-official language(s)	545	285	265	1.0	1.1	0.9
Multiple non-official languages	30	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	56,085	27,135	28,950	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	55,035	26,580	28,455	98.1	98.0	98.3
Official languages	52,785	25,405	27,385	94.1	93.6	94.6
English	400	210	190	0.7	0.8	0.7
French	52,390	25,195	27,190	93.4	92.9	93.9
Non-official languages	2,245	1,170	1,075	4.0	4.3	3.7
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	2,245	1,170	1,075	4.0	4.3	3.7
Afro-Asiatic languages	335	185	150	0.6	0.7	0.5
Berber languages	60	35	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kabyle	55	35	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	270	150	120	0.5	0.6	0.4
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	270	150	120	0.5	0.6	0.4
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	25	15	15	0.0	0.1	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	20	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	70	45	25	0.1	0.2	0.1
Haitian Creole	50	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	15	15	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,555	785	770	2.8	2.9	2.7
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	45	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	45	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages	10	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	35	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Dari	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,460	740	720	2.6	2.7	2.5
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	75	40	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	1,360	695	670	2.4	2.6	2.3
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	175	90	85	0.3	0.3	0.3
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	20	15	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	30	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	30	10	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	70	35	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	20	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	30	10	10	0.1	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	25	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	1,050	555	495	1.9	2.0	1.7
English and French	300	155	140	0.5	0.6	0.5
English and non-official language(s)	45	30	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	620	320	305	1.1	1.2	1.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	75	40	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	56,085	27,135	28,950	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	52,690	25,385	27,310	93.9	93.6	94.3
English	1,130	620	515	2.0	2.3	1.8
French	855	440	415	1.5	1.6	1.4
Non-official language	930	450	485	1.7	1.7	1.7
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	935	450	485	1.7	1.7	1.7
English and French	115	55	55	0.2	0.2	0.2
English and non-official language(s)	215	100	110	0.4	0.4	0.4
French and non-official language(s)	70	35	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	75	45	35	0.1	0.2	0.1
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	54,830	26,730	28,100	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	54,365	26,490	27,875	99.2	99.1	99.2
English	16,865	9,155	7,710	30.8	34.2	27.4
French	54,240	26,400	27,840	98.9	98.8	99.1
Non-official languages	5,940	2,960	2,980	10.8	11.1	10.6
Indigenous languages³⁹	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	5,935	2,960	2,980	10.8	11.1	10.6
Afro-Asiatic languages	995	530	470	1.8	2.0	1.7
Berber languages	220	110	105	0.4	0.4	0.4
Kabyle	175	90	85	0.3	0.3	0.3
Tamazight	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	45	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	855	460	395	1.6	1.7	1.4
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	845	450	390	1.5	1.7	1.4
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	80	55	25	0.1	0.2	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Vietnamese	50	40	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	375	200	175	0.7	0.7	0.6
Haitian Creole	300	160	135	0.5	0.6	0.5
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	30	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	35	25	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	3,725	1,815	1,915	6.8	6.8	6.8
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	115	40	75	0.2	0.1	0.3
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	115	40	75	0.2	0.1	0.3
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Russian	55	10	45	0.1	0.0	0.2
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	35	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	150	105	50	0.3	0.4	0.2
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	120	70	50	0.2	0.3	0.2
German	115	70	50	0.2	0.3	0.2
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	30	30	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	20	20	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	75	35	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	60	30	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	55	30	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dari	35	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Iranian Persian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	3,445	1,670	1,775	6.3	6.2	6.3
Catalan	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	185	80	110	0.3	0.3	0.4
Portuguese	295	155	140	0.5	0.6	0.5
Romanian	55	10	40	0.1	0.0	0.1
Spanish	3,005	1,465	1,545	5.5	5.5	5.5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	695	380	310	1.3	1.4	1.1
Akan (Twi)	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	40	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	60	30	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	145	80	70	0.3	0.3	0.2
Luba-Kasai	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	95	45	50	0.2	0.2	0.2
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	225	110	115	0.4	0.4	0.4
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	45	30	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	175	100	75	0.3	0.4	0.3
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	25	20	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Sign languages	70	40	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	55	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Sign languages, n.i.e.	25	20	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	110	50	60	0.2	0.2	0.2
Chinese languages	110	45	60	0.2	0.2	0.2
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	95	45	55	0.2	0.2	0.2
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	90	40	50	0.2	0.1	0.2
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	90	40	50	0.2	0.1	0.2
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	54,835	26,730	28,095	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	710	345	360	1.3	1.3	1.3
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	655	315	340	1.2	1.2	1.2
First Nations (North American Indian)	465	205	255	0.8	0.8	0.9
Métis	180	100	80	0.3	0.4	0.3
Inuk (Inuit)	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	55	30	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-Indigenous identity	54,120	26,385	27,735	98.7	98.7	98.7
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	54,835	26,730	28,095	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	100	50	50	0.2	0.2	0.2
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	54,730	26,685	28,045	99.8	99.8	99.8
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	26,870	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	13,060	...	...	48.6	...	...
Renter	13,805	...	...	51.4	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	26,870	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	3,520	...	...	13.1	...	...
Not condominium	23,350	...	...	86.9	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	26,870	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	340	...	...	1.3	...	...
1 bedroom	4,780	...	...	17.8	...	...
2 bedrooms	9,115	...	...	33.9	...	...
3 bedrooms	8,480	...	...	31.6	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	4,155	...	...	15.5	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	26,870	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	11,265	...	...	41.9	...	...
5 rooms	5,200	...	...	19.4	...	...
6 rooms	2,655	...	...	9.9	...	...
7 rooms	2,250	...	...	8.4	...	...
8 or more rooms	5,500	...	...	20.5	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.5	...	...	5.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	26,870	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	26,650	...	...	99.2	...	...
More than one person per room	220	...	...	0.8	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	26,870	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	26,150	...	...	97.3	...	...
Not suitable	720	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	26,870	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	6,380	...	...	23.7	...	...
1961 to 1980	8,585	...	...	32.0	...	...
1981 to 1990	3,715	...	...	13.8	...	...
1991 to 2000	2,645	...	...	9.8	...	...
2001 to 2005	1,225	...	...	4.6	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,660	...	...	6.2	...	...
2011 to 2015	1,370	...	...	5.1	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	1,290	...	...	4.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	26,870	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	25,615	...	...	95.3	...	...
Major repairs needed	1,255	...	...	4.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	26,870	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	16,260	...	...	60.5	...	...
Two-maintainer household	10,055	...	...	37.4	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	560	...	...	2.1	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	26,870	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	1,100	...	...	4.1	...	...
25 to 34 years	3,380	...	...	12.6	...	...
35 to 44 years	4,315	...	...	16.1	...	...
45 to 54 years	3,880	...	...	14.4	...	...
55 to 64 years	5,375	...	...	20.0	...	...
65 to 74 years	4,980	...	...	18.5	...	...
75 to 84 years	2,990	...	...	11.1	...	...
85 years and over	855	...	...	3.2	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	26,715	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	22,405	...	...	83.9	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	4,310	...	...	16.1	...	...
30% to less than 100%	4,075	...	...	15.3	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	26,870	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	5,975	...	...	22.2	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	4,035	...	...	15.0	...	...
Not suitable only	620	...	...	2.3	...	...
Major repairs needed only	1,015	...	...	3.8	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	65	...	...	0.2	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	205	...	...	0.8	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	35	...	...	0.1	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	20,895	...	...	77.8	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	26,480	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	1,700	...	...	6.4	...	...
Not in core need	24,780	...	...	93.6	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	13,005	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	58.4	...	...	58.4	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	8.2	...	...	8.2	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	1.2	...	...	1.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	970	...	...	970	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,034	...	...	1,034	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	300,000	...	...	300,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	313,600	...	...	313,600	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	13,800	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	7.5	...	...	7.5	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	23.7	...	...	23.7	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	11.4	...	...	11.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	730	...	...	730	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	777	...	...	777	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	54,830	26,735	28,100	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	720	380	335	1.3	1.4	1.2
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	715	375	335	1.3	1.4	1.2
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	610	315	290	1.1	1.2	1.0
Métis single ancestry	105	60	50	0.2	0.2	0.2
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	1,210	560	650	2.2	2.1	2.3
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	1,210	560	650	2.2	2.1	2.3
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	1,125	515	610	2.1	1.9	2.2
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	70	40	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	52,905	25,795	27,110	96.5	96.5	96.5
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	54,830	26,730	28,100	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	51,680	25,160	26,520	94.3	94.1	94.4
Canadian citizens aged under 18	9,365	4,760	4,605	17.1	17.8	16.4
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	42,315	20,400	21,915	77.2	76.3	78.0
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	3,155	1,570	1,580	5.8	5.9	5.6
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	54,830	26,730	28,100	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	49,265	23,885	25,385	89.9	89.4	90.3
Immigrants⁸¹	4,200	2,105	2,100	7.7	7.9	7.5
Before 1980	300	170	130	0.5	0.6	0.5
1980 to 1990	100	55	45	0.2	0.2	0.2
1991 to 2000	260	105	155	0.5	0.4	0.6
2001 to 2010	1,175	620	560	2.1	2.3	2.0
2011 to 2021⁸²	2,365	1,155	1,205	4.3	4.3	4.3
2011 to 2015	1,150	575	575	2.1	2.2	2.0
2016 to 2021	1,210	580	630	2.2	2.2	2.2
Non-permanent residents⁸³	1,365	750	615	2.5	2.8	2.2
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	4,200	2,100	2,100	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	610	290	315	14.5	13.8	15.0
5 to 14 years	785	425	360	18.7	20.2	17.1
15 to 24 years	615	320	290	14.6	15.2	13.8
25 to 44 years	1,930	900	1,030	46.0	42.9	49.0
45 years and over	265	165	105	6.3	7.9	5.0
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	4,200	2,100	2,100	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	1,380	680	705	32.9	32.4	33.6
Brazil	25	10	20	0.6	0.5	1.0
Colombia	770	395	370	18.3	18.8	17.6
El Salvador	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	175	85	95	4.2	4.0	4.5
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	90	35	50	2.1	1.7	2.4
Peru	40	20	25	1.0	1.0	1.2
Trinidad and Tobago	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.5
United States of America	65	45	20	1.5	2.1	1.0
Other places of birth in Americas	200	85	115	4.8	4.0	5.5
Europe	650	325	330	15.5	15.5	15.7
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	30	10	20	0.7	0.5	1.0
France	355	195	155	8.5	9.3	7.4
Germany	15	10	0	0.4	0.5	0.0
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	20	15	10	0.5	0.7	0.5
Netherlands	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Poland	15	0	15	0.4	0.0	0.7
Portugal	30	10	15	0.7	0.5	0.7
Romania	15	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.5
Russian Federation	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.5
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	15	0	15	0.4	0.0	0.7
United Kingdom⁸⁷	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	135	60	75	3.2	2.9	3.6
Africa	1,770	905	865	42.1	43.1	41.2
Algeria	330	155	170	7.9	7.4	8.1
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	245	115	135	5.8	5.5	6.4
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	180	95	80	4.3	4.5	3.8
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	1,010	535	480	24.0	25.5	22.9
Asia	395	195	200	9.4	9.3	9.5
Afghanistan	35	15	15	0.8	0.7	0.7
Iran⁸⁸	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Iraq	20	0	20	0.5	0.0	1.0
Lebanon	20	10	10	0.5	0.5	0.5
Syria⁸⁹	120	60	55	2.9	2.9	2.6
Turkey	25	15	10	0.6	0.7	0.5
China⁹⁰	70	35	30	1.7	1.7	1.4
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.5
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	20	15	0	0.5	0.7	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	60	25	30	1.4	1.2	1.4
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	1,215	580	635	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	235	120	110	19.3	20.7	17.3
Brazil	15	0	10	1.2	0.0	1.6
Colombia	140	80	60	11.5	13.8	9.4
Haiti	20	0	20	1.6	0.0	3.1
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	15	0	10	1.2	0.0	1.6
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	30	15	10	2.5	2.6	1.6
Europe	160	85	80	13.2	14.7	12.6
France	120	75	45	9.9	12.9	7.1
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	30	10	20	2.5	1.7	3.1
Africa	640	300	340	52.7	51.7	53.5
Algeria	90	35	55	7.4	6.0	8.7
Burundi	10	0	0	0.8	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	95	55	40	7.8	9.5	6.3
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	110	50	60	9.1	8.6	9.4
Côte d'Ivoire	170	85	85	14.0	14.7	13.4
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	20	0	15	1.6	0.0	2.4
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	10	0	10	0.8	0.0	1.6
Other places of birth in Africa	135	65	65	11.1	11.2	10.2
Asia	175	70	105	14.4	12.1	16.5
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	20	0	20	1.6	0.0	3.1
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	15	0	15	1.2	0.0	2.4
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	120	60	55	9.9	10.3	8.7
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	54,835	26,730	28,100	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	5,760	2,940	2,820	10.5	11.0	10.0
Second generation¹⁰¹	2,525	1,195	1,330	4.6	4.5	4.7
Third generation or more¹⁰²	46,545	22,595	23,950	84.9	84.5	85.2
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	3,900	1,930	1,975	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	1,735	930	800	44.5	48.2	40.5
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	770	480	295	19.7	24.9	14.9
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	960	455	505	24.6	23.6	25.6
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	795	320	475	20.4	16.6	24.1
Refugees¹⁰⁸	1,345	660	685	34.5	34.2	34.7
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	35	20	15	0.9	1.0	0.8
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	3,900	1,930	1,975	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	255	140	115	6.5	7.3	5.8
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	200	90	110	5.1	4.7	5.6
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	30	15	15	0.8	0.8	0.8
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	70	50	20	1.8	2.6	1.0
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	15	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.5
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	3,340	1,630	1,705	85.6	84.5	86.3
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	54,835	26,730	28,095	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	5,365	2,770	2,595	9.8	10.4	9.2
South Asian	65	20	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese	140	60	80	0.3	0.2	0.3
Black	2,405	1,275	1,130	4.4	4.8	4.0
Filipino	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arab	745	410	340	1.4	1.5	1.2
Latin American	1,675	825	855	3.1	3.1	3.0
Southeast Asian	130	90	40	0.2	0.3	0.1
West Asian	80	35	45	0.1	0.1	0.2
Korean	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple visible minorities	75	40	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	49,465	23,965	25,505	90.2	89.7	90.8
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	54,830	26,730	28,100	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	21,325	10,300	11,020	38.9	38.5	39.2
English	415	190	225	0.8	0.7	0.8
Irish	1,525	750	780	2.8	2.8	2.8
Scottish	445	185	260	0.8	0.7	0.9
French, n.o.s.¹²²	11,980	5,915	6,060	21.8	22.1	21.6
German	510	255	255	0.9	1.0	0.9
Chinese	130	50	85	0.2	0.2	0.3
Italian	635	290	340	1.2	1.1	1.2
Indian (India)	85	45	40	0.2	0.2	0.1
Ukrainian	30	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Dutch	70	40	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Polish	85	40	45	0.2	0.1	0.2
Québécois	8,360	4,025	4,330	15.2	15.1	15.4
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	40	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Filipino	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French Canadian	4,425	2,150	2,275	8.1	8.0	8.1
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	1,100	540	555	2.0	2.0	2.0
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	975	460	515	1.8	1.7	1.8
Métis	180	105	75	0.3	0.4	0.3
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	585	340	245	1.1	1.3	0.9
Russian	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	35	10	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
Portuguese	185	80	100	0.3	0.3	0.4
American	310	160	150	0.6	0.6	0.5
Spanish	330	180	155	0.6	0.7	0.6
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	55	25	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Acadian	350	165	185	0.6	0.6	0.7
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	415	200	215	0.8	0.7	0.8
Jewish	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	245	115	135	0.4	0.4	0.5
Greek	55	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Jamaican	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	60	45	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	45	35	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Korean	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	40	10	30	0.1	0.0	0.1
Lebanese	80	30	50	0.1	0.1	0.2
Iranian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	595	275	320	1.1	1.0	1.1
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	175	85	90	0.3	0.3	0.3
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Belgian	260	120	135	0.5	0.4	0.5
Haitian	420	220	200	0.8	0.8	0.7
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	350	165	185	0.6	0.6	0.7
Mennonite	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	125	65	60	0.2	0.2	0.2
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	70	30	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	40	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	155	95	60	0.3	0.4	0.2
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombian	955	455	495	1.7	1.7	1.8
Moroccan	165	105	60	0.3	0.4	0.2
Czech	25	0	25	0.0	0.0	0.1
Syrian	125	60	75	0.2	0.2	0.3
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	60	35	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	65	35	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Serbian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	30	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Persian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	60	20	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	260	140	120	0.5	0.5	0.4
Brazilian	30	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	20	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	110	55	55	0.2	0.2	0.2
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	20	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Congolese	375	200	180	0.7	0.7	0.6
Nova Scotian	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	50	20	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	50	30	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Berber	125	75	50	0.2	0.3	0.2
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	55	15	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
New Brunswicker	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	45	15	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tunisian	145	95	50	0.3	0.4	0.2
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	100	50	50	0.2	0.2	0.2
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	60	40	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Latvian	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	90	50	40	0.2	0.2	0.1
Guatemalan	110	70	45	0.2	0.3	0.2
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	25	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	30	10	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Ecuadorian	20	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Franco Ontarian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	50	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	45	10	35	0.1	0.0	0.1
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	175	75	100	0.3	0.3	0.4
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	175	80	95	0.3	0.3	0.3
Moldovan	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	75	30	45	0.1	0.1	0.2
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	50	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	110	40	75	0.2	0.1	0.3
Norman	50	15	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	200	95	100	0.4	0.4	0.4
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	60	35	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	40	25	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	85	55	35	0.2	0.2	0.1
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	65	35	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	25	20	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Bamileke	65	40	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	80	50	30	0.1	0.2	0.1
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	30	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	35	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	54,835	26,735	28,095	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	105	65	40	0.2	0.2	0.1
Christian	39,390	18,675	20,715	71.8	69.9	73.7
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	3,095	1,550	1,550	5.6	5.8	5.5
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	65	20	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baptist	335	140	195	0.6	0.5	0.7
Catholic	34,680	16,365	18,310	63.2	61.2	65.2
Christian Orthodox	115	45	65	0.2	0.2	0.2
Jehovah's Witness	205	100	110	0.4	0.4	0.4
Latter Day Saints	40	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Lutheran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	20	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	390	175	205	0.7	0.7	0.7
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Reformed	40	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
United Church	25	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	380	190	185	0.7	0.7	0.7
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	1,405	725	675	2.6	2.7	2.4
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	175	80	100	0.3	0.3	0.4
No religion and secular perspectives	13,730	7,175	6,555	25.0	26.8	23.3
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	54,370	26,510	27,860	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	47,815	23,300	24,515	87.9	87.9	88.0
Movers	6,555	3,210	3,345	12.1	12.1	12.0
Non-migrants	3,870	1,830	2,035	7.1	6.9	7.3
Migrants	2,690	1,380	1,310	4.9	5.2	4.7
Internal migrants	2,455	1,225	1,230	4.5	4.6	4.4
Intraprovincial migrants	2,440	1,220	1,215	4.5	4.6	4.4
Interprovincial migrants	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
External migrants	230	155	75	0.4	0.6	0.3
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	52,330	25,490	26,835	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	29,885	14,600	15,290	57.1	57.3	57.0
Movers	22,445	10,890	11,550	42.9	42.7	43.0
Non-migrants	10,605	5,090	5,515	20.3	20.0	20.6
Migrants	11,835	5,800	6,035	22.6	22.8	22.5
Internal migrants	9,795	4,735	5,060	18.7	18.6	18.9
Intraprovincial migrants	9,605	4,650	4,955	18.4	18.2	18.5
Interprovincial migrants	190	90	105	0.4	0.4	0.4
External migrants	2,040	1,065	975	3.9	4.2	3.6
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	46,350	22,390	23,960	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	12,430	6,600	5,835	26.8	29.5	24.4
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	33,920	15,795	18,125	73.2	70.5	75.6
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	27,715	13,775	13,940	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	5,630	3,405	2,225	20.3	24.7	16.0
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	22,085	10,370	11,715	79.7	75.3	84.0
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	46,350	22,390	23,960	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	10,990	5,680	5,305	23.7	25.4	22.1
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	11,240	5,215	6,025	24.3	23.3	25.1
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	24,120	11,495	12,625	52.0	51.3	52.7
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	17,580	8,705	8,880	37.9	38.9	37.1
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	8,285	4,835	3,450	17.9	21.6	14.4
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	6,255	3,285	2,970	13.5	14.7	12.4
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	2,040	1,550	485	4.4	6.9	2.0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	7,530	3,240	4,290	16.2	14.5	17.9
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,765	630	1,135	3.8	2.8	4.7
Bachelor's degree or higher	6,540	2,785	3,745	14.1	12.4	15.6
Bachelor's degree	4,225	1,710	2,520	9.1	7.6	10.5
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	630	260	370	1.4	1.2	1.5
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	335	120	215	0.7	0.5	0.9
Master's degree	1,120	585	535	2.4	2.6	2.2
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	225	115	110	0.5	0.5	0.5
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	27,710	13,770	13,935	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	4,645	2,810	1,840	16.8	20.4	13.2
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	5,480	2,775	2,710	19.8	20.2	19.4
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	17,585	8,195	9,395	63.5	59.5	67.4
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	12,415	6,130	6,285	44.8	44.5	45.1
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	6,120	3,415	2,705	22.1	24.8	19.4
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	4,670	2,330	2,340	16.9	16.9	16.8
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	1,455	1,085	365	5.3	7.9	2.6
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	5,185	2,275	2,905	18.7	16.5	20.8
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,115	435	675	4.0	3.2	4.8
Bachelor's degree or higher	5,170	2,060	3,105	18.7	15.0	22.3
Bachelor's degree	3,300	1,265	2,040	11.9	9.2	14.6
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	505	190	310	1.8	1.4	2.2
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	275	85	185	1.0	0.6	1.3
Master's degree	915	435	480	3.3	3.2	3.4
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	185	90	95	0.7	0.7	0.7
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	46,350	22,395	23,960	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	22,230	10,900	11,335	48.0	48.7	47.3
Education	2,010	525	1,485	4.3	2.3	6.2
13. Education	2,010	525	1,485	4.3	2.3	6.2
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	710	385	325	1.5	1.7	1.4
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	110	90	20	0.2	0.4	0.1
50. Visual and performing arts	605	295	310	1.3	1.3	1.3
Humanities	1,145	550	595	2.5	2.5	2.5
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	80	20	60	0.2	0.1	0.3
23. English language and literature/letters	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	700	355	345	1.5	1.6	1.4
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	25	25	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	85	30	55	0.2	0.1	0.2
54. History	85	50	35	0.2	0.2	0.1
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	130	55	80	0.3	0.2	0.3
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,810	520	1,290	3.9	2.3	5.4
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	185	80	110	0.4	0.4	0.5
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	585	130	455	1.3	0.6	1.9
22. Legal professions and studies	255	95	160	0.6	0.4	0.7
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	80	15	70	0.2	0.1	0.3
42. Psychology	320	65	260	0.7	0.3	1.1
45. Social sciences	375	140	235	0.8	0.6	1.0
Business, management and public administration	5,090	1,740	3,350	11.0	7.8	14.0
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	285	60	230	0.6	0.3	1.0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	4,800	1,675	3,125	10.4	7.5	13.0
Physical and life sciences and technologies	850	420	425	1.8	1.9	1.8
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	355	170	185	0.8	0.8	0.8
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	100	55	45	0.2	0.2	0.2
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	150	40	115	0.3	0.2	0.5
40. Physical sciences	155	115	40	0.3	0.5	0.2
41. Science technologies/technicians	85	45	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	645	445	195	1.4	2.0	0.8
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	560	410	145	1.2	1.8	0.6
25. Library science	40	0	35	0.1	0.0	0.1
27. Mathematics and statistics	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	4,855	4,460	395	10.5	19.9	1.6
04. Architecture and related services	100	60	40	0.2	0.3	0.2
14. Engineering	460	345	120	1.0	1.5	0.5
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	930	790	145	2.0	3.5	0.6
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	1,510	1,480	25	3.3	6.6	0.1
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	990	965	20	2.1	4.3	0.1
48. Precision production	860	815	45	1.9	3.6	0.2
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,515	825	690	3.3	3.7	2.9
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	1,435	760	675	3.1	3.4	2.8
03. Natural resources and conservation	80	60	20	0.2	0.3	0.1
Health and related fields	3,740	700	3,040	8.1	3.1	12.7
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	200	125	75	0.4	0.6	0.3
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	3,455	550	2,905	7.5	2.5	12.1
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	45	10	35	0.1	0.0	0.1
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	40	10	30	0.1	0.0	0.1
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,745	915	830	3.8	4.1	3.5
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	1,100	330	765	2.4	1.5	3.2
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	295	260	40	0.6	1.2	0.2
49. Transportation and materials moving	350	325	25	0.8	1.5	0.1
Other¹⁷⁹	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	27,710	13,775	13,940	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	10,125	5,585	4,545	36.5	40.5	32.6
Education	1,300	295	1,005	4.7	2.1	7.2
13. Education	1,300	295	1,005	4.7	2.1	7.2
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	525	270	250	1.9	2.0	1.8
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	90	70	15	0.3	0.5	0.1
50. Visual and performing arts	435	205	230	1.6	1.5	1.6
Humanities	615	300	315	2.2	2.2	2.3
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	60	10	50	0.2	0.1	0.4
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	360	190	170	1.3	1.4	1.2
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
54. History	50	25	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	90	40	50	0.3	0.3	0.4
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,335	345	990	4.8	2.5	7.1
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	140	65	70	0.5	0.5	0.5
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	430	65	370	1.6	0.5	2.7
22. Legal professions and studies	180	70	105	0.6	0.5	0.8
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	35	0	35	0.1	0.0	0.3
42. Psychology	250	35	220	0.9	0.3	1.6
45. Social sciences	295	110	190	1.1	0.8	1.4
Business, management and public administration	3,910	1,295	2,615	14.1	9.4	18.8
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	210	35	175	0.8	0.3	1.3
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,695	1,255	2,440	13.3	9.1	17.5
Physical and life sciences and technologies	580	290	285	2.1	2.1	2.0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	310	140	170	1.1	1.0	1.2
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	40	25	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	50	15	35	0.2	0.1	0.3
40. Physical sciences	120	80	40	0.4	0.6	0.3
41. Science technologies/technicians	55	35	20	0.2	0.3	0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	535	390	145	1.9	2.8	1.0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	470	360	110	1.7	2.6	0.8
25. Library science	30	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	3,625	3,290	340	13.1	23.9	2.4
04. Architecture and related services	85	40	45	0.3	0.3	0.3
14. Engineering	415	300	115	1.5	2.2	0.8
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	700	590	115	2.5	4.3	0.8
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	1,100	1,080	25	4.0	7.8	0.2
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	720	700	20	2.6	5.1	0.1
48. Precision production	610	580	30	2.2	4.2	0.2
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,105	560	540	4.0	4.1	3.9
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	1,035	510	525	3.7	3.7	3.8
03. Natural resources and conservation	70	50	15	0.3	0.4	0.1
Health and related fields	2,805	555	2,250	10.1	4.0	16.1
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	160	100	65	0.6	0.7	0.5
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	2,575	445	2,130	9.3	3.2	15.3
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	45	10	30	0.2	0.1	0.2
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	25	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.2
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,250	600	650	4.5	4.4	4.7
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	795	195	600	2.9	1.4	4.3
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	220	185	35	0.8	1.3	0.3
49. Transportation and materials moving	230	220	15	0.8	1.6	0.1
Other¹⁷⁹	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	27,710	13,775	13,940	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	10,125	5,585	4,545	36.5	40.5	32.6
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	17,590	8,195	9,395	63.5	59.5	67.4
Location of study inside Canada	15,900	7,345	8,560	57.4	53.3	61.4
Same as province or territory of residence	15,715	7,250	8,465	56.7	52.6	60.7
Different than province or territory of residence	190	100	90	0.7	0.7	0.6
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	1,685	850	840	6.1	6.2	6.0
Americas	545	265	280	2.0	1.9	2.0
United States of America	65	25	40	0.2	0.2	0.3
Mexico	65	30	35	0.2	0.2	0.3
Cuba	35	10	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
Haiti	60	30	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Colombia	235	115	120	0.8	0.8	0.9
Peru	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	40	25	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Europe	440	205	230	1.6	1.5	1.6
Belgium	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
France	265	130	135	1.0	0.9	1.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	30	25	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	60	20	40	0.2	0.1	0.3
Africa	595	315	280	2.1	2.3	2.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	155	75	80	0.6	0.5	0.6
Morocco	55	35	25	0.2	0.3	0.2
Tunisia	90	60	40	0.3	0.4	0.3
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	290	150	145	1.0	1.1	1.0
Asia	110	65	45	0.4	0.5	0.3
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	35	25	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	46,350	22,390	23,960	...	...	...
In the labour force	28,615	14,755	13,860	...	...	...
Employed	26,865	13,865	13,000	...	...	...
Unemployed	1,745	885	860	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	17,740	7,640	10,100	...	...	...
Participation rate	61.7	65.9	57.8	61.7	65.9	57.8
Employment rate	58.0	61.9	54.3	58.0	61.9	54.3
Unemployment rate	6.1	6.0	6.2	6.1	6.0	6.2
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	46,350	22,395	23,960	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	17,435	7,395	10,045	37.6	33.0	41.9
Worked	28,915	15,000	13,915	62.4	67.0	58.1
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	15,685	8,520	7,165	33.8	38.0	29.9
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	13,230	6,480	6,745	28.5	28.9	28.2
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.2	42.8	41.6	42.2	42.8	41.6
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	28,615	14,750	13,865	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	570	290	280	2.0	2.0	2.0
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	28,045	14,460	13,580	98.0	98.0	97.9
Employee	25,365	12,915	12,450	88.6	87.6	89.8
Permanent position	21,535	11,070	10,470	75.3	75.1	75.5
Temporary position	3,830	1,850	1,980	13.4	12.5	14.3
Fixed term (1 year or more)	1,310	590	725	4.6	4.0	5.2
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	2,520	1,265	1,260	8.8	8.6	9.1
Self-employed¹⁹²	2,675	1,545	1,130	9.3	10.5	8.2
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	28,615	14,750	13,865	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	570	290	280	2.0	2.0	2.0
All occupations¹⁹¹	28,045	14,460	13,580	98.0	98.0	97.9
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	365	300	65	1.3	2.0	0.5
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	4,240	1,430	2,805	14.8	9.7	20.2
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,705	1,165	540	6.0	7.9	3.9
3 Health occupations	2,835	540	2,295	9.9	3.7	16.6
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	3,205	870	2,340	11.2	5.9	16.9
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	560	295	265	2.0	2.0	1.9
6 Sales and service occupations	6,845	3,020	3,825	23.9	20.5	27.6
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	4,865	4,545	315	17.0	30.8	2.3
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	630	445	180	2.2	3.0	1.3
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	2,800	1,860	940	9.8	12.6	6.8
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	28,615	14,750	13,865	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	570	290	280	2.0	2.0	2.0
All industries¹⁹¹	28,045	14,460	13,580	98.0	98.0	97.9
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	725	420	305	2.5	2.8	2.2
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	55	40	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
22 Utilities	195	110	80	0.7	0.7	0.6
23 Construction	1,910	1,745	160	6.7	11.8	1.2
31-33 Manufacturing	4,820	3,235	1,585	16.8	21.9	11.4
41 Wholesale trade	1,350	920	430	4.7	6.2	3.1
44-45 Retail trade	3,325	1,450	1,875	11.6	9.8	13.5
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	965	800	165	3.4	5.4	1.2
51 Information and cultural industries	290	200	95	1.0	1.4	0.7
52 Finance and insurance	1,000	405	595	3.5	2.7	4.3
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	265	145	125	0.9	1.0	0.9
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,465	765	695	5.1	5.2	5.0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	50	20	35	0.2	0.1	0.3
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	985	655	325	3.4	4.4	2.3
61 Educational services	2,265	695	1,570	7.9	4.7	11.3
62 Health care and social assistance	4,305	835	3,465	15.0	5.7	25.0
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	355	210	150	1.2	1.4	1.1
72 Accommodation and food services	1,365	665	700	4.8	4.5	5.0
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,365	630	735	4.8	4.3	5.3
91 Public administration	985	515	475	3.4	3.5	3.4
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	30,705	15,820	14,885	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	160	75	85	0.5	0.5	0.6
French	26,470	13,425	13,045	86.2	84.9	87.6
Non-official language	130	95	35	0.4	0.6	0.2
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	130	95	35	0.4	0.6	0.2
English and French	3,515	2,020	1,490	11.4	12.8	10.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	255	130	125	0.8	0.8	0.8
English, French and non-official language(s)	170	75	100	0.6	0.5	0.7
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	30,705	15,820	14,885	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	30,215	15,575	14,635	98.4	98.5	98.3
Official languages	30,015	15,430	14,590	97.8	97.5	98.0
English	540	315	230	1.8	2.0	1.5
French	29,475	15,115	14,355	96.0	95.5	96.4
Non-official languages	195	145	50	0.6	0.9	0.3
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	195	145	50	0.6	0.9	0.3
Afro-Asiatic languages	20	20	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	20	20	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	20	20	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	170	120	40	0.6	0.8	0.3
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	160	120	40	0.5	0.8	0.3
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	160	120	40	0.5	0.8	0.3
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	490	245	245	1.6	1.5	1.6
English and French	435	225	210	1.4	1.4	1.4
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	55	20	30	0.2	0.1	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	30,705	15,820	14,885	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	27,240	13,835	13,405	88.7	87.5	90.1
English	2,725	1,575	1,150	8.9	10.0	7.7
French	430	275	150	1.4	1.7	1.0
Non-official language	160	65	95	0.5	0.4	0.6
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	160	65	95	0.5	0.4	0.6
English and French	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	130	60	75	0.4	0.4	0.5
French and non-official language(s)	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	26,870	13,865	13,005	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	3,385	1,560	1,820	12.6	11.3	14.0
Worked outside Canada	40	35	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
No fixed workplace address	2,625	1,945	680	9.8	14.0	5.2
Usual place of work	20,815	10,330	10,490	77.5	74.5	80.7
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	20,820	10,325	10,495	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	15,220	7,005	8,215	73.1	67.8	78.3
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,400	895	510	6.7	8.7	4.9
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	4,170	2,415	1,755	20.0	23.4	16.7
Commute to a different province or territory	25	20	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	23,445	12,270	11,175	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	20,775	11,020	9,755	88.6	89.8	87.3
Car, truck or van - as a driver	19,560	10,450	9,110	83.4	85.2	81.5
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	1,210	570	650	5.2	4.6	5.8
Public transit	365	150	215	1.6	1.2	1.9
Walked	1,655	715	935	7.1	5.8	8.4
Bicycle	330	275	60	1.4	2.2	0.5
Other method	320	115	205	1.4	0.9	1.8
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	23,445	12,270	11,175	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	12,240	5,645	6,595	52.2	46.0	59.0
15 to 29 minutes	6,425	3,465	2,960	27.4	28.2	26.5
30 to 44 minutes	2,790	1,740	1,050	11.9	14.2	9.4
45 to 59 minutes	1,120	770	355	4.8	6.3	3.2
60 minutes and over	865	655	205	3.7	5.3	1.8
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	23,445	12,270	11,175	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,605	1,235	365	6.8	10.1	3.3
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	4,110	2,620	1,490	17.5	21.4	13.3
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	7,265	3,360	3,910	31.0	27.4	35.0
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	4,295	1,640	2,660	18.3	13.4	23.8
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,760	730	1,030	7.5	5.9	9.2
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	4,410	2,700	1,710	18.8	22.0	15.3
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	10,310	5,255	5,055	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	755	400	355	7.3	7.6	7.0
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	9,555	4,855	4,700	92.7	92.4	93.0
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	7,595	3,845	3,745	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	570	300	275	7.5	7.8	7.3
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	355	185	175	4.7	4.8	4.7
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	215	115	100	2.8	3.0	2.7
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	7,020	3,550	3,475	92.4	92.3	92.8

Symbol legend

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not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 18, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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