Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Saint-Bruno-de-Montarville, Ville (V)More information: Quebec [Census subdivision]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	26,273	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	26,197^r	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	0.3	...	...	0.3	...	...
Total private dwellings²	10,629	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	10,446	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	613.2	...	...	613.2	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	42.85	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	26,270	12,920	13,355	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	4,640	2,440	2,200	17.7	18.9	16.5
0 to 4 years	1,205	640	570	4.6	5.0	4.3
5 to 9 years	1,645	880	765	6.3	6.8	5.7
10 to 14 years	1,790	925	865	6.8	7.2	6.5
15 to 64 years	15,570	7,670	7,905	59.3	59.4	59.2
15 to 19 years	1,630	820	815	6.2	6.3	6.1
20 to 24 years	1,220	645	575	4.6	5.0	4.3
25 to 29 years	860	440	420	3.3	3.4	3.1
30 to 34 years	1,060	505	560	4.0	3.9	4.2
35 to 39 years	1,450	705	745	5.5	5.5	5.6
40 to 44 years	1,855	885	970	7.1	6.8	7.3
45 to 49 years	1,905	945	965	7.3	7.3	7.2
50 to 54 years	1,795	880	915	6.8	6.8	6.9
55 to 59 years	1,970	975	990	7.5	7.5	7.4
60 to 64 years	1,830	875	960	7.0	6.8	7.2
65 years and over	6,060	2,805	3,250	23.1	21.7	24.3
65 to 69 years	1,640	785	855	6.2	6.1	6.4
70 to 74 years	1,580	700	875	6.0	5.4	6.6
75 to 79 years	1,405	670	730	5.3	5.2	5.5
80 to 84 years	790	380	415	3.0	2.9	3.1
85 years and over	645	265	380	2.5	2.1	2.8
85 to 89 years	420	180	235	1.6	1.4	1.8
90 to 94 years	180	75	100	0.7	0.6	0.7
95 to 99 years	45	10	40	0.2	0.1	0.3
100 years and over	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	17.7	18.9	16.5	17.7	18.9	16.5
15 to 64 years	59.3	59.4	59.2	59.3	59.4	59.2
65 years and over	23.1	21.7	24.3	23.1	21.7	24.3
85 years and over	2.5	2.1	2.8	2.5	2.1	2.8
Average age of the population	43.9	42.8	45.0	43.9	42.8	45.0
Median age of the population	46.0	45.2	46.8	46.0	45.2	46.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	10,450	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	7,385	...	...	70.7	...	...
Semi-detached house	500	...	...	4.8	...	...
Row house	215	...	...	2.1	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	85	...	...	0.8	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	2,090	...	...	20.0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	150	...	...	1.4	...	...
Other single-attached house	20	...	...	0.2	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	10,445	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	2,450	...	...	23.5	...	...
2 persons	3,915	...	...	37.5	...	...
3 persons	1,580	...	...	15.1	...	...
4 persons	1,800	...	...	17.2	...	...
5 or more persons	705	...	...	6.7	...	...
Number of persons in private households	25,925	12,795	13,130	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.5	...	...	2.5	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	21,630	10,475	11,160	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	14,125	7,065	7,060	65.3	67.4	63.3
Married	8,580	4,290	4,290	39.7	41.0	38.4
Living common-law	5,540	2,770	2,765	25.6	26.4	24.8
Living common law - Never married	4,360	2,130	2,225	20.2	20.3	19.9
Living common law - Separated	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Living common law - Divorced	1,030	560	470	4.8	5.3	4.2
Living common law - Widowed	110	60	50	0.5	0.6	0.4
Not married and not living common-law	7,510	3,410	4,100	34.7	32.6	36.7
Not married and not living common law - Never married	5,115	2,690	2,425	23.6	25.7	21.7
Not married and not living common law - Separated	210	90	115	1.0	0.9	1.0
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	1,180	395	780	5.5	3.8	7.0
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	1,010	230	775	4.7	2.2	6.9
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	7,935	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	3,995	...	...	50.3	...	...
3 persons	1,545	...	...	19.5	...	...
4 persons	1,775	...	...	22.4	...	...
5 or more persons	615	...	...	7.8	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	7,935	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	6,970	...	...	87.8	...	...
Married couples	4,205	...	...	53.0	...	...
With children⁶	1,835	...	...	23.1	...	...
Without children	2,360	...	...	29.7	...	...
Common-law couples	2,770	...	...	34.9	...	...
With children⁶	1,665	...	...	21.0	...	...
Without children	1,110	...	...	14.0	...	...
Total one-parent families	965	...	...	12.2	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	675	...	...	8.5	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	290	...	...	3.7	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	25,925	12,795	13,135	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	22,950	11,565	11,390	88.5	90.4	86.7
Married spouses or common-law partners	13,940	6,975	6,970	53.8	54.5	53.1
Parents in one-parent families	960	285	675	3.7	2.2	5.1
Children⁶	8,040	4,300	3,745	31.0	33.6	28.5
In a two-parent family	6,535	3,455	3,075	25.2	27.0	23.4
In a one-parent family	1,510	840	675	5.8	6.6	5.1
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	2,975	1,235	1,745	11.5	9.7	13.3
Living alone	2,450	990	1,460	9.5	7.7	11.1
Living with other relatives⁷	300	115	190	1.2	0.9	1.4
Living with non-relatives only	220	130	90	0.8	1.0	0.7
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	10,445	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	7,605	...	...	72.8	...	...
Couple-family households	6,710	...	...	64.2	...	...
With children⁶	3,395	...	...	32.5	...	...
Without children	3,320	...	...	31.8	...	...
One-parent-family households	895	...	...	8.6	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	115	...	...	1.1	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	30	...	...	0.3	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	110	...	...	1.1	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	130	...	...	1.2	...	...
One-person households	2,450	...	...	23.5	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	21,285	10,350	10,935	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	20,750	10,110	10,640	97.5	97.7	97.3
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	55,200	65,000	46,800	55,200	65,000	46,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	20,765	10,115	10,650	97.6	97.7	97.4
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,400	54,000	40,400	46,400	54,000	40,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	19,825	9,775	10,050	93.1	94.4	91.9
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,800	58,400	37,600	46,800	58,400	37,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	15,185	7,795	7,390	71.3	75.3	67.6
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	51,200	59,600	44,400	51,200	59,600	44,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	15,370	6,640	8,735	72.2	64.2	79.9
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,000	11,000	11,000	11,000	11,000	11,000
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,490	670	820	7.0	6.5	7.5
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,560	4,720	6,280	5,560	4,720	6,280
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,535	2,315	2,220	21.3	22.4	20.3
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,500	6,000	7,500	6,500	6,000	7,500
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	21,285	10,355	10,935	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	20,745	10,125	10,615	97.5	97.8	97.1
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	74,600	90,500	59,400	74,600	90,500	59,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	20,745	10,125	10,620	97.5	97.8	97.1
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	56,400	66,200	47,040	56,400	66,200	47,040
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	19,870	9,785	10,090	93.4	94.5	92.3
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	68,700	85,800	52,150	68,700	85,800	52,150
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	15,185	7,735	7,445	71.3	74.7	68.1
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	69,500	83,000	55,400	69,500	83,000	55,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	15,350	6,630	8,720	72.1	64.0	79.7
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,840	11,710	11,940	11,840	11,710	11,940
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,485	675	805	7.0	6.5	7.4
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,620	5,880	12,740	9,620	5,880	12,740
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,490	2,195	2,295	21.1	21.2	21.0
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,910	8,060	7,770	7,910	8,060	7,770
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	21,285	10,350	10,935	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	7,910	4,280	3,635	37.2	41.4	33.2
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	85,000	97,000	75,500	85,000	97,000	75,500
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	107,100	125,000	85,900	107,100	125,000	85,900
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	5,695	2,605	3,095	26.8	25.2	28.3
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	17,000	15,900	17,400	17,000	15,900	17,400
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	32,400	34,920	30,240	32,400	34,920	30,240
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	88.2	91.6	83.4	88.2	91.6	83.4
Employment income (%)¹⁹	68.2	70.0	65.4	68.2	70.0	65.4
Government transfers (%)²⁰	11.8	8.5	16.5	11.8	8.5	16.5
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.9	0.4	1.6	0.9	0.4	1.6
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	2.7	2.2	3.4	2.7	2.2	3.4
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	2.3	1.9	2.8	2.3	1.9	2.8
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	21,290	10,350	10,935	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	535	240	295	2.5	2.3	2.7
With total income	20,755	10,115	10,640	97.5	97.7	97.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,420	605	815	6.8	6.0	7.7
$10,000 to $19,999	1,975	705	1,275	9.5	7.0	12.0
$20,000 to $29,999	2,355	955	1,400	11.3	9.4	13.2
$30,000 to $39,999	1,820	730	1,090	8.8	7.2	10.2
$40,000 to $49,999	1,880	795	1,080	9.1	7.9	10.2
$50,000 to $59,999	1,750	835	910	8.4	8.3	8.6
$60,000 to $69,999	1,590	795	795	7.7	7.9	7.5
$70,000 to $79,999	1,335	670	670	6.4	6.6	6.3
$80,000 to $89,999	1,295	635	655	6.2	6.3	6.2
$90,000 to $99,999	975	520	455	4.7	5.1	4.3
$100,000 and over	4,360	2,865	1,495	21.0	28.3	14.1
$100,000 to $149,999	2,545	1,555	990	12.3	15.4	9.3
$150,000 and over	1,810	1,310	500	8.7	13.0	4.7
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	21,290	10,350	10,935	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	520	235	285	2.4	2.3	2.6
With after-tax income	20,765	10,115	10,655	97.5	97.7	97.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,675	650	1,025	8.1	6.4	9.6
$10,000 to $19,999	2,100	770	1,330	10.1	7.6	12.5
$20,000 to $29,999	2,695	1,115	1,585	13.0	11.0	14.9
$30,000 to $39,999	2,330	970	1,360	11.2	9.6	12.8
$40,000 to $49,999	2,390	1,115	1,270	11.5	11.0	11.9
$50,000 to $59,999	2,170	1,090	1,075	10.5	10.8	10.1
$60,000 to $69,999	1,860	975	890	9.0	9.6	8.4
$70,000 to $79,999	1,445	740	705	7.0	7.3	6.6
$80,000 to $89,999	1,010	595	410	4.9	5.9	3.8
$90,000 to $99,999	790	485	305	3.8	4.8	2.9
$100,000 and over	2,300	1,610	690	11.1	15.9	6.5
$100,000 to $124,999	1,025	670	360	4.9	6.6	3.4
$125,000 and over	1,275	940	335	6.1	9.3	3.1
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	21,290	10,350	10,935	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	6,105	2,560	3,545	28.7	24.7	32.4
With employment income	15,185	7,795	7,390	71.3	75.3	67.6
Under $5,000 (including loss)	2,200	1,190	1,010	14.5	15.3	13.7
$5,000 to $9,999	1,145	510	640	7.5	6.5	8.7
$10,000 to $19,999	1,380	625	755	9.1	8.0	10.2
$20,000 to $29,999	970	415	550	6.4	5.3	7.4
$30,000 to $39,999	855	365	490	5.6	4.7	6.6
$40,000 to $49,999	920	410	515	6.1	5.3	7.0
$50,000 to $59,999	915	410	505	6.0	5.3	6.8
$60,000 to $69,999	875	370	505	5.8	4.7	6.8
$70,000 to $79,999	860	400	465	5.7	5.1	6.3
$80,000 to $89,999	975	460	515	6.4	5.9	7.0
$90,000 to $99,999	660	365	295	4.3	4.7	4.0
$100,000 and over	3,425	2,280	1,150	22.6	29.2	15.6
$100,000 to $124,999	1,215	750	465	8.0	9.6	6.3
$125,000 and over	2,215	1,525	685	14.6	19.6	9.3
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	21,285	10,350	10,935	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	20,390	9,930	10,460	95.8	95.9	95.7
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	54,800	65,500	45,600	54,800	65,500	45,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	20,400	9,930	10,470	95.8	95.9	95.7
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	46,000	54,000	39,200	46,000	54,000	39,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	19,515	9,660	9,860	91.7	93.3	90.2
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	48,800	60,800	39,200	48,800	60,800	39,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	15,150	7,805	7,350	71.2	75.4	67.2
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	52,000	61,600	45,600	52,000	61,600	45,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	13,855	5,795	8,055	65.1	56.0	73.7
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,400	7,800	8,600	8,400	7,800	8,600
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	1,420	660	760	6.7	6.4	7.0
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,160	3,720	7,900	5,160	3,720	7,900
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	21,285	10,355	10,935	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	20,365	9,965	10,400	95.7	96.2	95.1
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	73,900	91,400	57,100	73,900	91,400	57,100
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	20,380	9,965	10,420	95.7	96.2	95.3
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	55,500	66,300	45,080	55,500	66,300	45,080
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	19,505	9,665	9,840	91.6	93.3	90.0
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	70,300	88,500	52,350	70,300	88,500	52,350
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	15,135	7,760	7,375	71.1	74.9	67.4
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	70,400	84,800	55,150	70,400	84,800	55,150
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	13,810	5,825	7,980	64.9	56.3	73.0
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,660	9,370	9,880	9,660	9,370	9,880
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,540	715	825	7.2	6.9	7.5
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,560	4,850	11,780	8,560	4,850	11,780
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	21,285	10,350	10,935	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	7,860	4,260	3,605	36.9	41.2	33.0
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	81,000	94,000	69,500	81,000	94,000	69,500
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	101,200	119,500	79,700	101,200	119,500	79,700
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	5,335	2,430	2,900	25.1	23.5	26.5
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	20,800	18,600	22,000	20,800	18,600	22,000
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	39,720	43,520	36,520	39,720	43,520	36,520
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	91.2	94.0	86.8	91.2	94.0	86.8
Employment income (%)	70.8	72.4	68.6	70.8	72.4	68.6
Government transfers (%)	8.9	6.0	13.3	8.9	6.0	13.3
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.9	0.4	1.6	0.9	0.4	1.6
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	10,445	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	116,000	...	...	116,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	94,000	...	...	94,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	2,450	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	51,200	...	...	51,200	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	43,200	...	...	43,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	7,995	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	140,000	...	...	140,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	113,000	...	...	113,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	10,445	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	148,200	...	...	148,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	112,000	...	...	112,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	2,450	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	63,500	...	...	63,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	49,840	...	...	49,840	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	7,995	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	174,000	...	...	174,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	131,000	...	...	131,000	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	10,445	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	45	...	...	0.4	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	20	...	...	0.2	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	60	...	...	0.6	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	75	...	...	0.7	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	255	...	...	2.4	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	185	...	...	1.8	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	175	...	...	1.7	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	215	...	...	2.1	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	295	...	...	2.8	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	265	...	...	2.5	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	545	...	...	5.2	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	575	...	...	5.5	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	595	...	...	5.7	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	570	...	...	5.5	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	555	...	...	5.3	...	...
$100,000 and over	6,020	...	...	57.6	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,205	...	...	11.5	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,050	...	...	10.1	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,535	...	...	14.7	...	...
$200,000 and over	2,230	...	...	21.3	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	10,445	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	65	...	...	0.6	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	30	...	...	0.3	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	65	...	...	0.6	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	75	...	...	0.7	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	285	...	...	2.7	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	235	...	...	2.2	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	230	...	...	2.2	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	330	...	...	3.2	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	340	...	...	3.3	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	340	...	...	3.3	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	710	...	...	6.8	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	755	...	...	7.2	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	755	...	...	7.2	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	675	...	...	6.5	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	705	...	...	6.7	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,845	...	...	46.4	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,370	...	...	13.1	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,100	...	...	10.5	...	...
$150,000 and over	2,375	...	...	22.7	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	7,910	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	140,000	...	...	140,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	113,000	...	...	113,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	3,330	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	109,000	...	...	109,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	89,000	...	...	89,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	3,520	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	186,000	...	...	186,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	146,000	...	...	146,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	935	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	98,000	...	...	98,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	81,000	...	...	81,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	2,675	1,120	1,555	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	50,000	56,000	46,400	50,000	56,000	46,400
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	42,400	46,400	40,400	42,400	46,400	40,400
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	7,900	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	174,800	...	...	174,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	131,400	...	...	131,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	3,305	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	138,200	...	...	138,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	106,800	...	...	106,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	3,500	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	224,400	...	...	224,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	164,600	...	...	164,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	945	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	118,400	...	...	118,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	92,800	...	...	92,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	2,695	1,160	1,535	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	61,850	63,700	60,500	61,850	63,700	60,500
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	48,800	50,300	47,680	48,800	50,300	47,680
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	25,925	12,795	13,130	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	5,650	2,950	2,705	21.8	23.1	20.6
0 to 5 years	1,515	810	710	5.8	6.3	5.4
18 to 64 years	14,525	7,140	7,385	56.0	55.8	56.2
65 years and over	5,740	2,705	3,045	22.1	21.1	23.2
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,105	465	640	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	205	115	90	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	55	25	30	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	485	240	245	...	...	...
65 years and over	410	115	300	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	4.3	3.7	4.8	4.3	3.7	4.8
0 to 17 years (%)	3.6	3.9	3.4	3.6	3.9	3.4
0 to 5 years (%)	3.7	3.0	4.4	3.7	3.0	4.4
18 to 64 years (%)	3.4	3.4	3.3	3.4	3.4	3.3
65 years and over (%)	7.2	4.2	9.8	7.2	4.2	9.8
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	25,925	12,795	13,135	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	5,655	2,950	2,705	21.8	23.1	20.6
0 to 5 years	1,515	805	705	5.8	6.3	5.4
18 to 64 years	14,530	7,145	7,385	56.0	55.8	56.2
65 years and over	5,745	2,700	3,040	22.2	21.1	23.1
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	585	280	310	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	120	65	60	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	45	20	25	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	330	170	165	...	...	...
65 years and over	135	45	90	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.3	2.2	2.4	2.3	2.2	2.4
0 to 17 years (%)	2.1	2.1	2.1	2.1	2.1	2.1
0 to 5 years (%)	2.8	2.4	3.2	2.8	2.4	3.2
18 to 64 years (%)	2.3	2.4	2.2	2.3	2.4	2.2
65 years and over (%)	2.4	1.6	3.0	2.4	1.6	3.0
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	25,925	12,795	13,130	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	7,490	3,490	4,000	28.9	27.3	30.5
In bottom decile	900	395	500	3.5	3.1	3.8
In second decile	1,145	505	640	4.4	3.9	4.9
In third decile	1,445	665	780	5.6	5.2	5.9
In fourth decile	1,810	855	955	7.0	6.7	7.3
In fifth decile	2,185	1,065	1,125	8.4	8.3	8.6
In top half of the distribution	18,435	9,305	9,135	71.1	72.7	69.6
In sixth decile	2,790	1,380	1,415	10.8	10.8	10.8
In seventh decile	3,115	1,560	1,550	12.0	12.2	11.8
In eighth decile	3,380	1,685	1,690	13.0	13.2	12.9
In ninth decile	4,040	2,050	1,990	15.6	16.0	15.2
In top decile	5,110	2,625	2,490	19.7	20.5	19.0
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	25,925	...	...	25,925	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.344	...	...	0.344	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.415	...	...	0.415	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.289	...	...	0.289	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.4	...	...	3.4	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	25,945	12,810	13,135	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	540	280	260	2.1	2.2	2.0
French only	7,695	3,380	4,320	29.7	26.4	32.9
English and French	17,645	9,115	8,530	68.0	71.2	64.9
Neither English nor French	65	30	35	0.3	0.2	0.3
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	25,945	12,810	13,135	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	2,660	1,360	1,300	10.3	10.6	9.9
French	22,500	11,040	11,460	86.7	86.2	87.2
English and French	725	380	345	2.8	3.0	2.6
Neither English nor French	60	30	35	0.2	0.2	0.3
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	25,945	12,810	13,135	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	25,055	12,340	12,715	96.6	96.3	96.8
Official languages	23,305	11,490	11,815	89.8	89.7	90.0
English	2,045	1,055	985	7.9	8.2	7.5
French	21,265	10,435	10,825	82.0	81.5	82.4
Non-official languages	1,745	850	895	6.7	6.6	6.8
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,745	850	895	6.7	6.6	6.8
Afro-Asiatic languages	250	135	115	1.0	1.1	0.9
Berber languages	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Kabyle	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	235	125	110	0.9	1.0	0.8
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	235	125	110	0.9	1.0	0.8
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	35	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Haitian Creole	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	15	5	5	0.1	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,180	575	600	4.5	4.5	4.6
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	220	100	120	0.8	0.8	0.9
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	220	100	120	0.8	0.8	0.9
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	50	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Russian	105	40	65	0.4	0.3	0.5
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	115	55	60	0.4	0.4	0.5
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	80	40	40	0.3	0.3	0.3
German	70	30	40	0.3	0.2	0.3
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	25	5	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Indo-Iranian languages	75	40	35	0.3	0.3	0.3
Indo-Aryan languages	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	45	25	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	45	25	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	45	25	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	740	370	370	2.9	2.9	2.8
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	90	55	35	0.3	0.4	0.3
Portuguese	145	75	70	0.6	0.6	0.5
Romanian	100	50	55	0.4	0.4	0.4
Spanish	405	195	210	1.6	1.5	1.6
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	165	75	90	0.6	0.6	0.7
Chinese languages	165	75	90	0.6	0.6	0.7
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	140	65	75	0.5	0.5	0.6
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	885	465	420	3.4	3.6	3.2
English and French	615	330	280	2.4	2.6	2.1
English and non-official language(s)	35	20	20	0.1	0.2	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	180	85	95	0.7	0.7	0.7
English, French and non-official language(s)	40	25	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	25,945	12,810	13,135	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	1,775	895	875	6.8	7.0	6.7
French	19,940	9,755	10,185	76.9	76.2	77.5
Non-official language	435	215	225	1.7	1.7	1.7
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	435	215	225	1.7	1.7	1.7
English and French	2,445	1,270	1,180	9.4	9.9	9.0
English and non-official language(s)	180	95	80	0.7	0.7	0.6
French and non-official language(s)	655	330	330	2.5	2.6	2.5
English, French and non-official language(s)	495	240	255	1.9	1.9	1.9
Multiple non-official languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	25,945	12,810	13,135	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	25,030	12,350	12,680	96.5	96.4	96.5
Official languages	24,225	11,960	12,270	93.4	93.4	93.4
English	2,515	1,300	1,225	9.7	10.1	9.3
French	21,705	10,660	11,045	83.7	83.2	84.1
Non-official languages	805	395	415	3.1	3.1	3.2
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	805	395	415	3.1	3.1	3.2
Afro-Asiatic languages	80	40	45	0.3	0.3	0.3
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	80	40	40	0.3	0.3	0.3
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	80	40	40	0.3	0.3	0.3
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	5	5	0.1	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	10	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	560	265	290	2.2	2.1	2.2
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	115	55	60	0.4	0.4	0.5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	115	55	60	0.4	0.4	0.5
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Russian	75	35	40	0.3	0.3	0.3
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	15	5	5	0.1	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
German	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	45	25	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Indo-Aryan languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	35	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	35	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	30	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	375	180	200	1.4	1.4	1.5
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	95	50	40	0.4	0.4	0.3
Romanian	65	30	35	0.3	0.2	0.3
Spanish	210	100	110	0.8	0.8	0.8
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	115	65	55	0.4	0.5	0.4
Chinese languages	115	65	55	0.4	0.5	0.4
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	110	65	50	0.4	0.5	0.4
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	915	455	460	3.5	3.6	3.5
English and French	615	310	300	2.4	2.4	2.3
English and non-official language(s)	45	25	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	180	90	95	0.7	0.7	0.7
English, French and non-official language(s)	60	25	40	0.2	0.2	0.3
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	25,940	12,805	13,140	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	22,940	11,260	11,680	88.4	87.9	88.9
English	1,400	710	690	5.4	5.5	5.3
French	770	410	360	3.0	3.2	2.7
Non-official language	475	245	225	1.8	1.9	1.7
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	475	245	225	1.8	1.9	1.7
English and French	110	55	55	0.4	0.4	0.4
English and non-official language(s)	130	75	60	0.5	0.6	0.5
French and non-official language(s)	85	40	45	0.3	0.3	0.3
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	25,925	12,790	13,130	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	25,890	12,770	13,120	99.9	99.8	99.9
English	18,235	9,385	8,845	70.3	73.4	67.4
French	25,295	12,450	12,845	97.6	97.3	97.8
Non-official languages	3,795	1,810	1,985	14.6	14.2	15.1
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	3,795	1,810	1,985	14.6	14.2	15.1
Afro-Asiatic languages	420	195	225	1.6	1.5	1.7
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	420	195	225	1.6	1.5	1.7
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	415	195	220	1.6	1.5	1.7
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	65	30	35	0.3	0.2	0.3
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Vietnamese	60	30	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	40	10	30	0.2	0.1	0.2
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	125	70	55	0.5	0.5	0.4
Haitian Creole	110	50	55	0.4	0.4	0.4
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	2,895	1,375	1,515	11.2	10.8	11.5
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	270	150	120	1.0	1.2	0.9
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	270	150	120	1.0	1.2	0.9
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	90	40	45	0.3	0.3	0.3
Russian	125	60	65	0.5	0.5	0.5
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	30	25	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	30	20	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	280	135	140	1.1	1.1	1.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	200	100	100	0.8	0.8	0.8
German	195	95	100	0.8	0.7	0.8
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	65	30	35	0.3	0.2	0.3
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	65	30	35	0.3	0.2	0.3
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	45	30	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Indo-Iranian languages	60	35	30	0.2	0.3	0.2
Indo-Aryan languages	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	40	25	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	40	25	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	40	25	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	2,350	1,055	1,295	9.1	8.2	9.9
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	375	150	230	1.4	1.2	1.8
Portuguese	335	200	135	1.3	1.6	1.0
Romanian	130	45	95	0.5	0.4	0.7
Spanish	1,690	755	935	6.5	5.9	7.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	60	15	40	0.2	0.1	0.3
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	255	125	130	1.0	1.0	1.0
Chinese languages	255	125	130	1.0	1.0	1.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	210	110	100	0.8	0.9	0.8
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	55	25	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	20	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	20	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	25,925	12,795	13,130	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	290	150	145	1.1	1.2	1.1
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	290	150	145	1.1	1.2	1.1
First Nations (North American Indian)	170	90	85	0.7	0.7	0.6
Métis	120	60	60	0.5	0.5	0.5
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous identity	25,640	12,645	12,990	98.9	98.8	98.9
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	25,925	12,795	13,130	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	35	20	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	25,895	12,770	13,120	99.9	99.8	99.9
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	10,445	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	8,990	...	...	86.1	...	...
Renter	1,455	...	...	13.9	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	10,445	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	1,440	...	...	13.8	...	...
Not condominium	9,005	...	...	86.2	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	10,445	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	20	...	...	0.2	...	...
1 bedroom	495	...	...	4.7	...	...
2 bedrooms	2,005	...	...	19.2	...	...
3 bedrooms	3,735	...	...	35.8	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	4,185	...	...	40.1	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	10,445	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,675	...	...	16.0	...	...
5 rooms	895	...	...	8.6	...	...
6 rooms	1,015	...	...	9.7	...	...
7 rooms	1,340	...	...	12.8	...	...
8 or more rooms	5,520	...	...	52.8	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	7.7	...	...	7.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	10,445	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	10,425	...	...	99.8	...	...
More than one person per room	20	...	...	0.2	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	10,445	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	10,330	...	...	98.9	...	...
Not suitable	115	...	...	1.1	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	10,445	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	1,235	...	...	11.8	...	...
1961 to 1980	5,045	...	...	48.3	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,380	...	...	13.2	...	...
1991 to 2000	945	...	...	9.0	...	...
2001 to 2005	450	...	...	4.3	...	...
2006 to 2010	625	...	...	6.0	...	...
2011 to 2015	465	...	...	4.5	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	300	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	10,445	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	9,845	...	...	94.3	...	...
Major repairs needed	600	...	...	5.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	10,445	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	4,765	...	...	45.6	...	...
Two-maintainer household	5,540	...	...	53.0	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	140	...	...	1.3	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	10,445	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	60	...	...	0.6	...	...
25 to 34 years	750	...	...	7.2	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,795	...	...	17.2	...	...
45 to 54 years	2,100	...	...	20.1	...	...
55 to 64 years	2,150	...	...	20.6	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,875	...	...	18.0	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,405	...	...	13.5	...	...
85 years and over	315	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	10,435	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	9,340	...	...	89.5	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	1,095	...	...	10.5	...	...
30% to less than 100%	1,005	...	...	9.6	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	10,445	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	1,745	...	...	16.7	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	1,040	...	...	10.0	...	...
Not suitable only	105	...	...	1.0	...	...
Major repairs needed only	535	...	...	5.1	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	50	...	...	0.5	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	10	...	...	0.1	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	8,695	...	...	83.2	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	10,345	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	340	...	...	3.3	...	...
Not in core need	10,000	...	...	96.7	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	8,990	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	57.3	...	...	57.3	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	8.0	...	...	8.0	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,260	...	...	1,260	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,412	...	...	1,412	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	500,000	...	...	500,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	579,000	...	...	579,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,455	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	7.9	...	...	7.9	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	26.1	...	...	26.1	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	12.6	...	...	12.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	930	...	...	930	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,027	...	...	1,027	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	25,925	12,795	13,130	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	225	90	135	0.9	0.7	1.0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	220	90	130	0.8	0.7	1.0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	175	75	105	0.7	0.6	0.8
Métis single ancestry	45	15	30	0.2	0.1	0.2
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	515	235	280	2.0	1.8	2.1
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	510	230	280	2.0	1.8	2.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	435	195	240	1.7	1.5	1.8
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	75	35	40	0.3	0.3	0.3
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	25,180	12,465	12,715	97.1	97.4	96.8
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	25,925	12,795	13,135	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	25,105	12,355	12,750	96.8	96.6	97.1
Canadian citizens aged under 18	5,520	2,835	2,685	21.3	22.2	20.4
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	19,590	9,520	10,065	75.6	74.4	76.6
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	820	435	380	3.2	3.4	2.9
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	25,925	12,795	13,135	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	22,985	11,290	11,695	88.7	88.2	89.0
Immigrants⁸¹	2,685	1,360	1,320	10.4	10.6	10.0
Before 1980	675	370	305	2.6	2.9	2.3
1980 to 1990	265	155	115	1.0	1.2	0.9
1991 to 2000	335	155	180	1.3	1.2	1.4
2001 to 2010	625	320	310	2.4	2.5	2.4
2011 to 2021⁸²	780	370	405	3.0	2.9	3.1
2011 to 2015	395	170	225	1.5	1.3	1.7
2016 to 2021	385	205	185	1.5	1.6	1.4
Non-permanent residents⁸³	255	145	110	1.0	1.1	0.8
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	2,685	1,360	1,320	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	270	135	130	10.1	9.9	9.8
5 to 14 years	445	215	235	16.6	15.8	17.8
15 to 24 years	450	250	205	16.8	18.4	15.5
25 to 44 years	1,345	675	670	50.1	49.6	50.8
45 years and over	170	90	75	6.3	6.6	5.7
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	2,685	1,360	1,320	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	610	310	295	22.7	22.8	22.3
Brazil	100	55	45	3.7	4.0	3.4
Colombia	80	35	45	3.0	2.6	3.4
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	60	25	30	2.2	1.8	2.3
Jamaica	15	0	15	0.6	0.0	1.1
Mexico	75	30	40	2.8	2.2	3.0
Peru	60	30	30	2.2	2.2	2.3
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	90	50	40	3.4	3.7	3.0
Other places of birth in Americas	125	85	45	4.7	6.3	3.4
Europe	1,355	710	640	50.5	52.2	48.5
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	15	0	0	0.6	0.0	0.0
France	660	365	300	24.6	26.8	22.7
Germany	40	15	20	1.5	1.1	1.5
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	10	0	0	0.4	0.0	0.0
Italy	55	40	20	2.0	2.9	1.5
Netherlands	15	10	10	0.6	0.7	0.8
Poland	50	25	25	1.9	1.8	1.9
Portugal	60	25	35	2.2	1.8	2.7
Romania	60	20	35	2.2	1.5	2.7
Russian Federation	20	10	10	0.7	0.7	0.8
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	25	20	10	0.9	1.5	0.8
United Kingdom⁸⁷	130	55	75	4.8	4.0	5.7
Other places of birth in Europe	215	115	100	8.0	8.5	7.6
Africa	320	145	180	11.9	10.7	13.6
Algeria	105	40	60	3.9	2.9	4.5
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	70	45	25	2.6	3.3	1.9
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	35	20	20	1.3	1.5	1.5
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	10	10	0	0.4	0.7	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	100	35	65	3.7	2.6	4.9
Asia	390	190	205	14.5	14.0	15.5
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	20	15	10	0.7	1.1	0.8
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	65	45	20	2.4	3.3	1.5
Syria⁸⁹	30	15	20	1.1	1.1	1.5
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	140	55	85	5.2	4.0	6.4
Hong Kong⁹¹	10	10	0	0.4	0.7	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	10	10	0	0.4	0.7	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	10	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.8
Viet Nam	20	10	10	0.7	0.7	0.8
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	10	10	0	0.4	0.7	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	40	15	25	1.5	1.1	1.9
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	10	0	0	0.4	0.0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	390	205	180	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	170	90	75	43.6	43.9	41.7
Brazil	75	45	30	19.2	22.0	16.7
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	30	0	25	7.7	0.0	13.9
United States of America	35	20	10	9.0	9.8	5.6
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	25	15	10	6.4	7.3	5.6
Europe	125	65	60	32.1	31.7	33.3
France	105	55	50	26.9	26.8	27.8
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	30	15	20	7.7	7.3	11.1
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	0	10	2.6	0.0	5.6
Asia	60	30	25	15.4	14.6	13.9
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	35	20	20	9.0	9.8	11.1
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	25,925	12,790	13,130	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	3,210	1,650	1,560	12.4	12.9	11.9
Second generation¹⁰¹	2,760	1,430	1,330	10.6	11.2	10.1
Third generation or more¹⁰²	19,955	9,715	10,240	77.0	76.0	78.0
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	2,010	995	1,015	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	1,405	725	680	69.9	72.9	67.0
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	620	375	245	30.8	37.7	24.1
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	785	350	435	39.1	35.2	42.9
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	480	210	270	23.9	21.1	26.6
Refugees¹⁰⁸	105	45	55	5.2	4.5	5.4
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	25	10	15	1.2	1.0	1.5
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	2,010	995	1,015	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	90	40	50	4.5	4.0	4.9
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	320	175	145	15.9	17.6	14.3
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	95	50	50	4.7	5.0	4.9
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	150	75	75	7.5	7.5	7.4
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	20	10	15	1.0	1.0	1.5
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	1,335	650	685	66.4	65.3	67.5
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	25,925	12,795	13,130	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	1,915	920	995	7.4	7.2	7.6
South Asian	85	40	45	0.3	0.3	0.3
Chinese	320	145	175	1.2	1.1	1.3
Black	450	190	260	1.7	1.5	2.0
Filipino	35	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
Arab	275	140	140	1.1	1.1	1.1
Latin American	430	225	200	1.7	1.8	1.5
Southeast Asian	115	35	80	0.4	0.3	0.6
West Asian	75	50	25	0.3	0.4	0.2
Korean	35	30	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	35	20	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Multiple visible minorities	50	30	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	24,010	11,870	12,135	92.6	92.8	92.4
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	25,925	12,795	13,130	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	6,935	3,435	3,500	26.8	26.8	26.7
English	1,040	525	515	4.0	4.1	3.9
Irish	1,760	745	1,015	6.8	5.8	7.7
Scottish	925	460	470	3.6	3.6	3.6
French, n.o.s.¹²²	9,345	4,730	4,610	36.0	37.0	35.1
German	545	260	285	2.1	2.0	2.2
Chinese	320	160	165	1.2	1.3	1.3
Italian	965	505	460	3.7	3.9	3.5
Indian (India)	70	35	35	0.3	0.3	0.3
Ukrainian	135	65	65	0.5	0.5	0.5
Dutch	135	80	50	0.5	0.6	0.4
Polish	320	160	155	1.2	1.3	1.2
Québécois	2,825	1,410	1,415	10.9	11.0	10.8
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	255	135	120	1.0	1.1	0.9
Filipino	40	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
French Canadian	2,205	1,010	1,195	8.5	7.9	9.1
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	375	190	190	1.4	1.5	1.4
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	280	115	165	1.1	0.9	1.3
Métis	125	50	70	0.5	0.4	0.5
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	450	245	205	1.7	1.9	1.6
Russian	100	55	50	0.4	0.4	0.4
Norwegian	50	20	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Welsh	65	30	35	0.3	0.2	0.3
Portuguese	255	150	100	1.0	1.2	0.8
American	250	145	105	1.0	1.1	0.8
Spanish	290	150	140	1.1	1.2	1.1
Swedish	15	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Hungarian	80	55	25	0.3	0.4	0.2
Acadian	250	90	160	1.0	0.7	1.2
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	75	30	50	0.3	0.2	0.4
Jewish	45	25	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	175	80	95	0.7	0.6	0.7
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	120	55	65	0.5	0.4	0.5
Greek	145	90	50	0.6	0.7	0.4
Jamaican	55	25	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	40	25	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Korean	40	30	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Romanian	130	45	85	0.5	0.4	0.6
Lebanese	170	90	75	0.7	0.7	0.6
Iranian	50	35	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	175	100	75	0.7	0.8	0.6
Danish	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	75	30	45	0.3	0.2	0.3
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	120	70	50	0.5	0.5	0.4
Belgian	430	245	180	1.7	1.9	1.4
Haitian	215	85	125	0.8	0.7	1.0
Hindu	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	105	40	60	0.4	0.3	0.5
Mennonite	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	175	105	75	0.7	0.8	0.6
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	30	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	35	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	135	90	50	0.5	0.7	0.4
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	35	10	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombian	155	75	80	0.6	0.6	0.6
Moroccan	60	45	15	0.2	0.4	0.1
Czech	50	35	15	0.2	0.3	0.1
Syrian	45	10	35	0.2	0.1	0.3
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Newfoundlander	25	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Persian	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	95	35	65	0.4	0.3	0.5
Brazilian	110	65	50	0.4	0.5	0.4
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Slovak	50	40	15	0.2	0.3	0.1
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	25	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	45	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Algonquin	35	10	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	110	65	45	0.4	0.5	0.3
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	35	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Berber	25	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Albanian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
New Brunswicker	40	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	25	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	30	20	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	65	30	35	0.3	0.2	0.3
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	55	30	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	45	20	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	20	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	45	25	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	20	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	35	10	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
Norman	55	15	40	0.2	0.1	0.3
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	30	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.2
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	25,925	12,795	13,130	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	45	30	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Christian	17,205	8,205	9,000	66.4	64.1	68.5
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	1,245	645	605	4.8	5.0	4.6
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	150	65	90	0.6	0.5	0.7
Baptist	50	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Catholic	14,970	7,065	7,905	57.7	55.2	60.2
Christian Orthodox	280	150	130	1.1	1.2	1.0
Jehovah's Witness	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lutheran	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	125	50	75	0.5	0.4	0.6
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	320	185	135	1.2	1.4	1.0
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Muslim	250	100	150	1.0	0.8	1.1
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	50	30	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
No religion and secular perspectives	8,350	4,410	3,940	32.2	34.5	30.0
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	25,720	12,665	13,050	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	23,770	11,705	12,065	92.4	92.4	92.5
Movers	1,950	965	985	7.6	7.6	7.5
Non-migrants	695	345	350	2.7	2.7	2.7
Migrants	1,255	620	635	4.9	4.9	4.9
Internal migrants	1,170	570	600	4.5	4.5	4.6
Intraprovincial migrants	1,160	560	605	4.5	4.4	4.6
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
External migrants	85	55	30	0.3	0.4	0.2
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	24,700	12,135	12,570	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	17,405	8,600	8,805	70.5	70.9	70.0
Movers	7,300	3,530	3,765	29.6	29.1	30.0
Non-migrants	1,660	785	870	6.7	6.5	6.9
Migrants	5,640	2,745	2,890	22.8	22.6	23.0
Internal migrants	5,070	2,445	2,625	20.5	20.1	20.9
Intraprovincial migrants	4,940	2,390	2,555	20.0	19.7	20.3
Interprovincial migrants	125	55	75	0.5	0.5	0.6
External migrants	570	300	265	2.3	2.5	2.1
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	21,285	10,350	10,935	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,995	1,050	945	9.4	10.1	8.6
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	19,295	9,305	9,990	90.7	89.9	91.4
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	12,670	6,155	6,520	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	460	285	180	3.6	4.6	2.8
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	12,210	5,870	6,340	96.4	95.4	97.2
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	21,285	10,355	10,935	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,795	910	885	8.4	8.8	8.1
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	3,600	1,630	1,965	16.9	15.7	18.0
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	15,895	7,815	8,080	74.7	75.5	73.9
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	6,895	3,460	3,430	32.4	33.4	31.4
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,780	1,095	685	8.4	10.6	6.3
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	1,280	680	605	6.0	6.6	5.5
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	495	415	80	2.3	4.0	0.7
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	3,950	1,855	2,100	18.6	17.9	19.2
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,165	510	650	5.5	4.9	5.9
Bachelor's degree or higher	9,005	4,350	4,650	42.3	42.0	42.5
Bachelor's degree	5,585	2,565	3,020	26.2	24.8	27.6
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	755	380	370	3.5	3.7	3.4
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	230	95	130	1.1	0.9	1.2
Master's degree	2,125	1,145	985	10.0	11.1	9.0
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	315	170	145	1.5	1.6	1.3
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	12,670	6,150	6,520	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	375	225	155	3.0	3.7	2.4
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,295	625	670	10.2	10.2	10.3
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	11,000	5,300	5,695	86.8	86.2	87.3
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	4,035	2,130	1,900	31.8	34.6	29.1
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,105	695	405	8.7	11.3	6.2
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	790	430	365	6.2	7.0	5.6
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	315	270	45	2.5	4.4	0.7
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	2,270	1,130	1,145	17.9	18.4	17.6
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	660	305	350	5.2	5.0	5.4
Bachelor's degree or higher	6,965	3,170	3,790	55.0	51.5	58.1
Bachelor's degree	4,295	1,900	2,400	33.9	30.9	36.8
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	555	250	310	4.4	4.1	4.8
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	180	60	120	1.4	1.0	1.8
Master's degree	1,710	860	850	13.5	14.0	13.0
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	225	105	120	1.8	1.7	1.8
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	21,290	10,350	10,935	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	5,395	2,540	2,855	25.3	24.5	26.1
Education	1,165	215	950	5.5	2.1	8.7
13. Education	1,165	215	950	5.5	2.1	8.7
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	635	265	370	3.0	2.6	3.4
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	80	55	25	0.4	0.5	0.2
50. Visual and performing arts	550	215	340	2.6	2.1	3.1
Humanities	980	380	600	4.6	3.7	5.5
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	170	30	135	0.8	0.3	1.2
23. English language and literature/letters	40	15	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	525	225	295	2.5	2.2	2.7
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
38. Philosophy and religious studies	40	30	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
39. Theology and religious vocations	35	15	15	0.2	0.1	0.1
54. History	60	30	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	100	25	80	0.5	0.2	0.7
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,900	680	1,215	8.9	6.6	11.1
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	375	115	260	1.8	1.1	2.4
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	150	20	130	0.7	0.2	1.2
22. Legal professions and studies	500	155	350	2.3	1.5	3.2
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	45	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
42. Psychology	235	50	180	1.1	0.5	1.6
45. Social sciences	560	310	245	2.6	3.0	2.2
Business, management and public administration	4,550	2,135	2,415	21.4	20.6	22.1
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	170	20	145	0.8	0.2	1.3
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	4,385	2,110	2,275	20.6	20.4	20.8
Physical and life sciences and technologies	770	480	285	3.6	4.6	2.6
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	190	100	90	0.9	1.0	0.8
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	140	80	60	0.7	0.8	0.5
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	125	70	60	0.6	0.7	0.5
40. Physical sciences	270	200	70	1.3	1.9	0.6
41. Science technologies/technicians	55	35	15	0.3	0.3	0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	700	495	205	3.3	4.8	1.9
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	545	425	120	2.6	4.1	1.1
25. Library science	55	0	60	0.3	0.0	0.5
27. Mathematics and statistics	90	55	30	0.4	0.5	0.3
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	2,685	2,360	325	12.6	22.8	3.0
04. Architecture and related services	165	95	70	0.8	0.9	0.6
14. Engineering	1,170	1,005	165	5.5	9.7	1.5
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	570	495	70	2.7	4.8	0.6
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	350	345	0	1.6	3.3	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	255	250	0	1.2	2.4	0.0
48. Precision production	175	170	0	0.8	1.6	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	190	95	95	0.9	0.9	0.9
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	110	45	65	0.5	0.4	0.6
03. Natural resources and conservation	85	55	25	0.4	0.5	0.2
Health and related fields	1,700	355	1,345	8.0	3.4	12.3
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	165	70	90	0.8	0.7	0.8
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,470	255	1,220	6.9	2.5	11.2
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	50	20	30	0.2	0.2	0.3
Personal, protective and transportation services	615	355	265	2.9	3.4	2.4
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	270	65	205	1.3	0.6	1.9
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	15	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
43. Security and protective services	190	150	40	0.9	1.4	0.4
49. Transportation and materials moving	145	125	15	0.7	1.2	0.1
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	12,670	6,155	6,515	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	1,670	850	825	13.2	13.8	12.7
Education	635	95	540	5.0	1.5	8.3
13. Education	635	95	540	5.0	1.5	8.3
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	460	195	265	3.6	3.2	4.1
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	70	45	20	0.6	0.7	0.3
50. Visual and performing arts	390	155	240	3.1	2.5	3.7
Humanities	575	235	340	4.5	3.8	5.2
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	105	15	90	0.8	0.2	1.4
23. English language and literature/letters	20	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.3
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	265	140	125	2.1	2.3	1.9
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
38. Philosophy and religious studies	35	25	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
39. Theology and religious vocations	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
54. History	50	20	25	0.4	0.3	0.4
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	55	15	45	0.4	0.2	0.7
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,390	485	900	11.0	7.9	13.8
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	290	85	205	2.3	1.4	3.1
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	105	0	100	0.8	0.0	1.5
22. Legal professions and studies	390	100	290	3.1	1.6	4.5
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	25	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
42. Psychology	170	30	140	1.3	0.5	2.1
45. Social sciences	400	240	160	3.2	3.9	2.5
Business, management and public administration	3,355	1,455	1,895	26.5	23.6	29.1
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	135	15	120	1.1	0.2	1.8
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,220	1,445	1,775	25.4	23.5	27.2
Physical and life sciences and technologies	405	250	155	3.2	4.1	2.4
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	155	70	85	1.2	1.1	1.3
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	55	45	15	0.4	0.7	0.2
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
40. Physical sciences	150	100	45	1.2	1.6	0.7
41. Science technologies/technicians	25	20	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	565	410	155	4.5	6.7	2.4
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	475	375	105	3.7	6.1	1.6
25. Library science	35	0	35	0.3	0.0	0.5
27. Mathematics and statistics	50	25	20	0.4	0.4	0.3
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,890	1,610	275	14.9	26.2	4.2
04. Architecture and related services	125	60	65	1.0	1.0	1.0
14. Engineering	895	740	155	7.1	12.0	2.4
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	365	320	45	2.9	5.2	0.7
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	240	235	10	1.9	3.8	0.2
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	175	175	0	1.4	2.8	0.0
48. Precision production	95	90	0	0.7	1.5	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	150	60	85	1.2	1.0	1.3
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	100	35	65	0.8	0.6	1.0
03. Natural resources and conservation	50	30	20	0.4	0.5	0.3
Health and related fields	1,165	245	910	9.2	4.0	14.0
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	120	50	65	0.9	0.8	1.0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	985	180	805	7.8	2.9	12.4
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	40	10	30	0.3	0.2	0.5
Personal, protective and transportation services	405	240	165	3.2	3.9	2.5
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	165	45	120	1.3	0.7	1.8
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	140	105	30	1.1	1.7	0.5
49. Transportation and materials moving	105	85	15	0.8	1.4	0.2
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	12,670	6,155	6,515	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,670	850	825	13.2	13.8	12.7
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	11,000	5,300	5,700	86.8	86.1	87.5
Location of study inside Canada	9,900	4,725	5,175	78.1	76.8	79.4
Same as province or territory of residence	9,595	4,590	5,015	75.7	74.6	77.0
Different than province or territory of residence	300	135	165	2.4	2.2	2.5
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	1,100	580	525	8.7	9.4	8.1
Americas	305	135	170	2.4	2.2	2.6
United States of America	105	60	40	0.8	1.0	0.6
Mexico	35	20	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	65	25	35	0.5	0.4	0.5
Colombia	20	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.3
Peru	25	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.3
Venezuela⁹⁵	20	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Other locations of study in Americas	25	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Europe	600	345	255	4.7	5.6	3.9
Belgium	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
France	390	235	160	3.1	3.8	2.5
Germany	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Netherlands	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Switzerland	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	35	15	20	0.3	0.2	0.3
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	35	15	25	0.3	0.2	0.4
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	40	25	15	0.3	0.4	0.2
Africa	75	45	30	0.6	0.7	0.5
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	30	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Morocco	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Tunisia	20	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Egypt	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	115	45	70	0.9	0.7	1.1
Iran⁸⁸	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	70	25	45	0.6	0.4	0.7
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Oceania	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Australia	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	21,285	10,355	10,935	...	...	...
In the labour force	13,540	6,820	6,710	...	...	...
Employed	12,880	6,490	6,390	...	...	...
Unemployed	655	330	330	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	7,750	3,530	4,220	...	...	...
Participation rate	63.6	65.9	61.4	63.6	65.9	61.4
Employment rate	60.5	62.7	58.4	60.5	62.7	58.4
Unemployment rate	4.8	4.8	4.9	4.8	4.8	4.9
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	21,290	10,355	10,935	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	7,120	3,130	3,990	33.4	30.2	36.5
Worked	14,170	7,220	6,945	66.6	69.7	63.5
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	8,100	4,405	3,690	38.0	42.5	33.7
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	6,065	2,815	3,250	28.5	27.2	29.7
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.2	42.7	41.7	42.2	42.7	41.7
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	13,535	6,820	6,715	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	130	65	70	1.0	1.0	1.0
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	13,405	6,760	6,645	99.0	99.1	99.0
Employee	11,355	5,575	5,785	83.9	81.7	86.2
Permanent position	9,595	4,805	4,785	70.9	70.5	71.3
Temporary position	1,760	765	995	13.0	11.2	14.8
Fixed term (1 year or more)	565	235	330	4.2	3.4	4.9
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	1,190	530	665	8.8	7.8	9.9
Self-employed¹⁹²	2,050	1,190	865	15.1	17.4	12.9
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	13,535	6,820	6,715	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	130	65	70	1.0	1.0	1.0
All occupations¹⁹¹	13,405	6,760	6,645	99.0	99.1	99.0
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	680	480	200	5.0	7.0	3.0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,985	1,040	1,940	22.1	15.2	28.9
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,710	1,315	395	12.6	19.3	5.9
3 Health occupations	1,090	215	870	8.1	3.2	13.0
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,935	625	1,315	14.3	9.2	19.6
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	590	300	295	4.4	4.4	4.4
6 Sales and service occupations	2,805	1,385	1,415	20.7	20.3	21.1
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,200	1,080	125	8.9	15.8	1.9
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	140	100	45	1.0	1.5	0.7
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	270	210	60	2.0	3.1	0.9
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	13,535	6,820	6,715	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	130	65	70	1.0	1.0	1.0
All industries¹⁹¹	13,405	6,760	6,645	99.0	99.1	99.0
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	115	65	50	0.8	1.0	0.7
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	45	35	10	0.3	0.5	0.1
22 Utilities	195	115	80	1.4	1.7	1.2
23 Construction	680	540	135	5.0	7.9	2.0
31-33 Manufacturing	1,185	750	430	8.8	11.0	6.4
41 Wholesale trade	465	300	170	3.4	4.4	2.5
44-45 Retail trade	1,485	680	805	11.0	10.0	12.0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	435	305	135	3.2	4.5	2.0
51 Information and cultural industries	455	275	185	3.4	4.0	2.8
52 Finance and insurance	1,005	495	505	7.4	7.3	7.5
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	295	145	145	2.2	2.1	2.2
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,730	1,070	660	12.8	15.7	9.8
55 Management of companies and enterprises	55	30	25	0.4	0.4	0.4
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	355	220	135	2.6	3.2	2.0
61 Educational services	1,310	375	930	9.7	5.5	13.8
62 Health care and social assistance	1,545	300	1,240	11.4	4.4	18.5
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	295	175	125	2.2	2.6	1.9
72 Accommodation and food services	530	315	215	3.9	4.6	3.2
81 Other services (except public administration)	355	120	240	2.6	1.8	3.6
91 Public administration	865	440	425	6.4	6.5	6.3
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	14,725	7,490	7,235	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	725	450	275	4.9	6.0	3.8
French	8,435	3,975	4,465	57.3	53.1	61.7
Non-official language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	5,440	3,000	2,440	36.9	40.1	33.7
English and non-official language(s)	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	100	55	45	0.7	0.7	0.6
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	14,725	7,490	7,235	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	13,865	7,030	6,835	94.2	93.9	94.5
Official languages	13,850	7,020	6,830	94.1	93.7	94.4
English	1,945	1,115	825	13.2	14.9	11.4
French	11,915	5,910	6,005	80.9	78.9	83.0
Non-official languages	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	860	460	400	5.8	6.1	5.5
English and French	845	450	395	5.7	6.0	5.5
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	14,725	7,490	7,235	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	10,000	4,875	5,125	67.9	65.1	70.8
English	3,435	1,915	1,520	23.3	25.6	21.0
French	1,180	645	540	8.0	8.6	7.5
Non-official language	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	45	25	15	0.3	0.3	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	35	30	15	0.2	0.4	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	12,880	6,490	6,390	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	4,535	2,285	2,245	35.2	35.2	35.1
Worked outside Canada	30	25	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
No fixed workplace address	910	675	230	7.1	10.4	3.6
Usual place of work	7,405	3,505	3,905	57.5	54.0	61.1
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	7,410	3,500	3,910	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	2,165	885	1,280	29.2	25.3	32.7
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,945	825	1,120	26.2	23.6	28.6
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	3,290	1,785	1,500	44.4	51.0	38.4
Commute to a different province or territory	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	8,320	4,180	4,140	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	7,085	3,560	3,525	85.2	85.2	85.1
Car, truck or van - as a driver	6,695	3,395	3,300	80.5	81.2	79.7
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	395	165	225	4.7	3.9	5.4
Public transit	530	235	290	6.4	5.6	7.0
Walked	385	180	205	4.6	4.3	5.0
Bicycle	185	130	55	2.2	3.1	1.3
Other method	135	75	65	1.6	1.8	1.6
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	8,320	4,180	4,140	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	2,340	1,010	1,330	28.1	24.2	32.1
15 to 29 minutes	3,140	1,540	1,595	37.7	36.8	38.5
30 to 44 minutes	1,790	995	795	21.5	23.8	19.2
45 to 59 minutes	580	360	220	7.0	8.6	5.3
60 minutes and over	465	270	195	5.6	6.5	4.7
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	8,320	4,180	4,140	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	500	410	90	6.0	9.8	2.2
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,100	720	380	13.2	17.2	9.2
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	2,445	1,070	1,370	29.4	25.6	33.1
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	2,225	960	1,265	26.7	23.0	30.6
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,065	535	530	12.8	12.8	12.8
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	985	490	500	11.8	11.7	12.1
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	5,745	2,990	2,760	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,060	590	470	18.5	19.7	17.0
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	4,685	2,395	2,290	81.5	80.1	83.0
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	4,445	2,300	2,145	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	840	470	375	18.9	20.4	17.5
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	690	380	320	15.5	16.5	14.9
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	150	90	60	3.4	3.9	2.8
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	3,605	1,830	1,770	81.1	79.6	82.5

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
^r
revised

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 18, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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