Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Saint-Augustin-de-Desmaures, Ville (V)More information: Quebec [Census subdivision]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	19,907	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	18,820	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	5.8	...	...	5.8	...	...
Total private dwellings²	8,453	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	8,143	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	232.0	...	...	232.0	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	85.80	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	19,910	9,875	10,030	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	2,995	1,580	1,410	15.0	16.0	14.1
0 to 4 years	825	425	405	4.1	4.3	4.0
5 to 9 years	970	490	485	4.9	5.0	4.8
10 to 14 years	1,195	670	525	6.0	6.8	5.2
15 to 64 years	12,210	6,055	6,160	61.3	61.3	61.4
15 to 19 years	1,200	625	575	6.0	6.3	5.7
20 to 24 years	1,050	565	485	5.3	5.7	4.8
25 to 29 years	735	370	365	3.7	3.7	3.6
30 to 34 years	865	440	420	4.3	4.5	4.2
35 to 39 years	980	470	515	4.9	4.8	5.1
40 to 44 years	1,210	615	595	6.1	6.2	5.9
45 to 49 years	1,290	605	685	6.5	6.1	6.8
50 to 54 years	1,345	660	685	6.8	6.7	6.8
55 to 59 years	1,715	805	905	8.6	8.2	9.0
60 to 64 years	1,820	905	920	9.1	9.2	9.2
65 years and over	4,705	2,240	2,465	23.6	22.7	24.6
65 to 69 years	1,640	785	855	8.2	7.9	8.5
70 to 74 years	1,310	670	635	6.6	6.8	6.3
75 to 79 years	845	415	425	4.2	4.2	4.2
80 to 84 years	440	215	230	2.2	2.2	2.3
85 years and over	475	155	325	2.4	1.6	3.2
85 to 89 years	270	105	165	1.4	1.1	1.6
90 to 94 years	150	45	105	0.8	0.5	1.0
95 to 99 years	50	5	45	0.3	0.1	0.4
100 years and over	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	15.0	16.0	14.1	15.0	16.0	14.1
15 to 64 years	61.3	61.3	61.4	61.3	61.3	61.4
65 years and over	23.6	22.7	24.6	23.6	22.7	24.6
85 years and over	2.4	1.6	3.2	2.4	1.6	3.2
Average age of the population	45.2	44.1	46.2	45.2	44.1	46.2
Median age of the population	48.8	47.6	49.6	48.8	47.6	49.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	8,145	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	5,245	...	...	64.4	...	...
Semi-detached house	380	...	...	4.7	...	...
Row house	85	...	...	1.0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	235	...	...	2.9	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	650	...	...	8.0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	1,505	...	...	18.5	...	...
Other single-attached house	30	...	...	0.4	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	5	...	...	0.1	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	8,145	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	2,025	...	...	24.9	...	...
2 persons	3,375	...	...	41.4	...	...
3 persons	1,100	...	...	13.5	...	...
4 persons	1,165	...	...	14.3	...	...
5 or more persons	480	...	...	5.9	...	...
Number of persons in private households	19,255	9,620	9,635	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.4	...	...	2.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	16,915	8,295	8,620	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	11,030	5,485	5,540	65.2	66.1	64.3
Married	6,005	2,995	3,010	35.5	36.1	34.9
Living common-law	5,030	2,495	2,535	29.7	30.1	29.4
Living common law - Never married	3,940	1,935	2,000	23.3	23.3	23.2
Living common law - Separated	45	20	25	0.3	0.2	0.3
Living common law - Divorced	925	470	460	5.5	5.7	5.3
Living common law - Widowed	120	65	55	0.7	0.8	0.6
Not married and not living common-law	5,885	2,810	3,075	34.8	33.9	35.7
Not married and not living common law - Never married	4,235	2,230	2,000	25.0	26.9	23.2
Not married and not living common law - Separated	140	70	70	0.8	0.8	0.8
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	800	340	460	4.7	4.1	5.3
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	710	165	545	4.2	2.0	6.3
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	6,035	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	3,380	...	...	56.0	...	...
3 persons	1,070	...	...	17.7	...	...
4 persons	1,145	...	...	19.0	...	...
5 or more persons	445	...	...	7.4	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	6,040	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	5,435	...	...	90.0	...	...
Married couples	2,920	...	...	48.3	...	...
With children⁶	1,050	...	...	17.4	...	...
Without children	1,865	...	...	30.9	...	...
Common-law couples	2,515	...	...	41.6	...	...
With children⁶	1,365	...	...	22.6	...	...
Without children	1,150	...	...	19.0	...	...
Total one-parent families	600	...	...	9.9	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	385	...	...	6.4	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	215	...	...	3.6	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	19,255	9,620	9,635	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	16,850	8,540	8,315	87.5	88.8	86.3
Married spouses or common-law partners	10,870	5,415	5,455	56.5	56.3	56.6
Parents in one-parent families	600	215	385	3.1	2.2	4.0
Children⁶	5,380	2,910	2,470	27.9	30.2	25.6
In a two-parent family	4,485	2,385	2,105	23.3	24.8	21.8
In a one-parent family	895	530	370	4.6	5.5	3.8
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	2,400	1,085	1,320	12.5	11.3	13.7
Living alone	2,025	895	1,130	10.5	9.3	11.7
Living with other relatives⁷	170	70	95	0.9	0.7	1.0
Living with non-relatives only	215	120	90	1.1	1.2	0.9
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	8,140	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	5,865	...	...	72.1	...	...
Couple-family households	5,310	...	...	65.2	...	...
With children⁶	2,365	...	...	29.1	...	...
Without children	2,945	...	...	36.2	...	...
One-parent-family households	560	...	...	6.9	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	55	...	...	0.7	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	15	...	...	0.2	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	65	...	...	0.8	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	120	...	...	1.5	...	...
One-person households	2,025	...	...	24.9	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	16,275	8,045	8,225	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	16,040	7,935	8,115	98.6	98.6	98.7
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	54,800	62,000	48,400	54,800	62,000	48,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	16,050	7,935	8,110	98.6	98.6	98.6
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,000	51,600	41,200	46,000	51,600	41,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	15,495	7,750	7,745	95.2	96.3	94.2
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,800	54,000	39,600	46,800	54,000	39,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	11,815	6,150	5,665	72.6	76.4	68.9
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	49,200	54,000	45,200	49,200	54,000	45,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	11,940	5,420	6,520	73.4	67.4	79.3
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,000	9,900	10,000	10,000	9,900	10,000
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,225	620	605	7.5	7.7	7.4
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,760	5,200	6,320	5,760	5,200	6,320
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	3,405	1,825	1,580	20.9	22.7	19.2
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	6,000	6,000	6,000	6,000	6,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	16,275	8,050	8,225	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	16,030	7,915	8,120	98.5	98.3	98.7
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	68,100	79,300	57,250	68,100	79,300	57,250
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	16,040	7,920	8,120	98.6	98.4	98.7
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	52,800	60,250	45,560	52,800	60,250	45,560
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	15,455	7,730	7,735	95.0	96.0	94.0
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	62,000	73,700	50,400	62,000	73,700	50,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	11,820	6,120	5,695	72.6	76.0	69.2
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	60,850	68,300	52,950	60,850	68,300	52,950
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	11,955	5,385	6,575	73.5	66.9	79.9
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,160	10,840	11,420	11,160	10,840	11,420
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,280	640	645	7.9	8.0	7.8
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,150	6,120	10,140	8,150	6,120	10,140
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	3,500	1,835	1,665	21.5	22.8	20.2
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,550	7,220	7,910	7,550	7,220	7,910
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	16,275	8,050	8,230	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	6,290	3,315	2,975	38.6	41.2	36.1
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	78,000	84,000	72,000	78,000	84,000	72,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	89,000	98,900	77,900	89,000	98,900	77,900
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	4,440	2,175	2,265	27.3	27.0	27.5
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	16,600	18,000	15,600	16,600	18,000	15,600
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	32,320	37,120	27,680	32,320	37,120	27,680
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	87.8	90.6	83.8	87.8	90.6	83.8
Employment income (%)¹⁹	65.8	66.6	64.8	65.8	66.6	64.8
Government transfers (%)²⁰	12.2	9.3	16.2	12.2	9.3	16.2
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.0	0.6	1.4	1.0	0.6	1.4
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	2.8	2.4	3.4	2.8	2.4	3.4
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	2.4	2.1	2.8	2.4	2.1	2.8
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	16,270	8,050	8,225	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	230	115	115	1.4	1.4	1.4
With total income	16,045	7,930	8,110	98.6	98.5	98.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	940	410	530	5.9	5.2	6.5
$10,000 to $19,999	1,495	585	910	9.3	7.4	11.2
$20,000 to $29,999	1,595	635	960	9.9	8.0	11.8
$30,000 to $39,999	1,525	630	895	9.5	7.9	11.0
$40,000 to $49,999	1,640	720	925	10.2	9.1	11.4
$50,000 to $59,999	1,695	840	860	10.6	10.6	10.6
$60,000 to $69,999	1,420	750	670	8.9	9.5	8.3
$70,000 to $79,999	1,115	610	510	6.9	7.7	6.3
$80,000 to $89,999	1,020	550	475	6.4	6.9	5.9
$90,000 to $99,999	795	390	405	5.0	4.9	5.0
$100,000 and over	2,810	1,820	990	17.5	23.0	12.2
$100,000 to $149,999	1,795	1,085	705	11.2	13.7	8.7
$150,000 and over	1,015	730	285	6.3	9.2	3.5
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	16,270	8,050	8,225	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	225	115	115	1.4	1.4	1.4
With after-tax income	16,045	7,935	8,115	98.6	98.6	98.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,085	450	635	6.8	5.7	7.8
$10,000 to $19,999	1,600	620	975	10.0	7.8	12.0
$20,000 to $29,999	1,945	795	1,145	12.1	10.0	14.1
$30,000 to $39,999	2,010	850	1,160	12.5	10.7	14.3
$40,000 to $49,999	2,260	1,095	1,165	14.1	13.8	14.4
$50,000 to $59,999	1,885	1,045	840	11.7	13.2	10.4
$60,000 to $69,999	1,490	800	695	9.3	10.1	8.6
$70,000 to $79,999	1,150	595	555	7.2	7.5	6.8
$80,000 to $89,999	805	435	370	5.0	5.5	4.6
$90,000 to $99,999	500	310	185	3.1	3.9	2.3
$100,000 and over	1,325	940	385	8.3	11.8	4.7
$100,000 to $124,999	650	435	215	4.1	5.5	2.6
$125,000 and over	675	505	170	4.2	6.4	2.1
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	16,270	8,050	8,225	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	4,455	1,895	2,560	27.4	23.5	31.1
With employment income	11,820	6,155	5,665	72.6	76.5	68.9
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,520	825	690	12.9	13.4	12.2
$5,000 to $9,999	865	420	450	7.3	6.8	7.9
$10,000 to $19,999	1,185	580	605	10.0	9.4	10.7
$20,000 to $29,999	770	335	435	6.5	5.4	7.7
$30,000 to $39,999	735	320	410	6.2	5.2	7.2
$40,000 to $49,999	895	415	480	7.6	6.7	8.5
$50,000 to $59,999	895	425	475	7.6	6.9	8.4
$60,000 to $69,999	770	405	370	6.5	6.6	6.5
$70,000 to $79,999	735	365	370	6.2	5.9	6.5
$80,000 to $89,999	775	370	405	6.6	6.0	7.1
$90,000 to $99,999	540	285	255	4.6	4.6	4.5
$100,000 and over	2,120	1,410	715	17.9	22.9	12.6
$100,000 to $124,999	920	545	375	7.8	8.9	6.6
$125,000 and over	1,200	860	345	10.2	14.0	6.1
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	16,275	8,045	8,225	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	15,830	7,820	8,005	97.3	97.2	97.3
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	54,000	62,000	47,200	54,000	62,000	47,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	15,840	7,820	8,015	97.3	97.2	97.4
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	45,600	50,800	40,000	45,600	50,800	40,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	15,315	7,665	7,645	94.1	95.3	92.9
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	47,600	56,000	40,400	47,600	56,000	40,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	11,955	6,210	5,745	73.5	77.2	69.8
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	49,600	56,000	44,000	49,600	56,000	44,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	10,640	4,695	5,950	65.4	58.4	72.3
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,200	7,800	8,300	8,200	7,800	8,300
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	1,165	630	545	7.2	7.8	6.6
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,840	3,880	7,450	4,840	3,880	7,450
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	16,275	8,050	8,225	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	15,855	7,815	8,040	97.4	97.1	97.8
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	67,900	81,000	55,200	67,900	81,000	55,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	15,865	7,815	8,055	97.5	97.1	97.9
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	52,600	61,250	44,200	52,600	61,250	44,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	15,300	7,645	7,660	94.0	95.0	93.1
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	64,100	77,500	50,680	64,100	77,500	50,680
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	11,970	6,185	5,780	73.5	76.8	70.3
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	62,100	71,200	52,450	62,100	71,200	52,450
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	10,695	4,700	5,990	65.7	58.4	72.8
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,050	8,740	9,300	9,050	8,740	9,300
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,205	670	530	7.4	8.3	6.4
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,620	5,130	10,800	7,620	5,130	10,800
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	16,275	8,050	8,230	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	6,270	3,295	2,980	38.5	40.9	36.2
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	75,000	82,000	68,000	75,000	82,000	68,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	87,900	100,300	74,300	87,900	100,300	74,300
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	4,280	2,110	2,175	26.3	26.2	26.4
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	19,800	21,600	18,400	19,800	21,600	18,400
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	37,880	44,120	31,840	37,880	44,120	31,840
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	91.0	93.6	87.4	91.0	93.6	87.4
Employment income (%)	69.0	69.6	68.4	69.0	69.6	68.4
Government transfers (%)	9.0	6.5	12.5	9.0	6.5	12.5
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.9	0.6	1.3	0.9	0.6	1.3
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	8,145	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	109,000	...	...	109,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	90,000	...	...	90,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	2,025	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	53,200	...	...	53,200	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	44,400	...	...	44,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	6,120	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	132,000	...	...	132,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	108,000	...	...	108,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	8,140	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	134,200	...	...	134,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	104,000	...	...	104,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	2,035	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	67,700	...	...	67,700	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	53,550	...	...	53,550	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	6,110	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	156,200	...	...	156,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	120,800	...	...	120,800	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	8,145	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	25	...	...	0.3	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	10	...	...	0.1	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	35	...	...	0.4	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	55	...	...	0.7	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	150	...	...	1.8	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	130	...	...	1.6	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	140	...	...	1.7	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	180	...	...	2.2	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	235	...	...	2.9	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	220	...	...	2.7	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	495	...	...	6.1	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	515	...	...	6.3	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	510	...	...	6.3	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	480	...	...	5.9	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	435	...	...	5.3	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,515	...	...	55.4	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,070	...	...	13.1	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	865	...	...	10.6	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,155	...	...	14.2	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,430	...	...	17.6	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	8,145	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	40	...	...	0.5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	10	...	...	0.1	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	40	...	...	0.5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	65	...	...	0.8	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	165	...	...	2.0	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	175	...	...	2.1	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	195	...	...	2.4	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	265	...	...	3.3	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	325	...	...	4.0	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	305	...	...	3.7	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	635	...	...	7.8	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	665	...	...	8.2	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	615	...	...	7.6	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	595	...	...	7.3	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	555	...	...	6.8	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,500	...	...	43.0	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,120	...	...	13.8	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	845	...	...	10.4	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,530	...	...	18.8	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	6,040	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	133,000	...	...	133,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	108,000	...	...	108,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	2,960	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	108,000	...	...	108,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	89,000	...	...	89,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	2,415	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	178,000	...	...	178,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	143,000	...	...	143,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	590	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	96,000	...	...	96,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	80,000	...	...	80,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.5	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	2,235	1,015	1,220	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	52,000	57,200	49,200	52,000	57,200	49,200
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	43,600	47,600	42,000	43,600	47,600	42,000
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	6,040	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	156,400	...	...	156,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	121,000	...	...	121,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,980	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	129,200	...	...	129,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	100,200	...	...	100,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,390	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	204,200	...	...	204,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	156,400	...	...	156,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	580	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	103,200	...	...	103,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	83,200	...	...	83,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	2,240	985	1,255	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	65,900	74,600	59,100	65,900	74,600	59,100
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	52,250	57,200	48,400	52,250	57,200	48,400
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	19,255	9,625	9,635	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	3,665	1,930	1,735	19.0	20.1	18.0
0 to 5 years	1,010	530	480	5.2	5.5	5.0
18 to 64 years	11,315	5,585	5,735	58.8	58.0	59.5
65 years and over	4,270	2,105	2,165	22.2	21.9	22.5
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	710	325	385	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	115	65	50	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	20	10	10	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	345	160	175	...	...	...
65 years and over	255	95	160	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	3.7	3.4	4.0	3.7	3.4	4.0
0 to 17 years (%)	3.1	3.5	2.7	3.1	3.5	2.7
0 to 5 years (%)	2.2	2.0	2.4	2.2	2.0	2.4
18 to 64 years (%)	3.0	2.9	3.1	3.0	2.9	3.1
65 years and over (%)	6.0	4.5	7.3	6.0	4.5	7.3
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	19,255	9,620	9,635	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	3,665	1,930	1,735	19.0	20.1	18.0
0 to 5 years	1,005	525	480	5.2	5.5	5.0
18 to 64 years	11,315	5,585	5,730	58.8	58.1	59.5
65 years and over	4,275	2,110	2,165	22.2	21.9	22.5
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	335	160	175	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	45	30	15	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	10	5	5	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	210	105	105	...	...	...
65 years and over	80	25	55	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	1.8	1.7	1.8	1.8	1.7	1.8
0 to 17 years (%)	1.3	1.5	1.0	1.3	1.5	1.0
0 to 5 years (%)	1.0	1.0	1.2	1.0	1.0	1.2
18 to 64 years (%)	1.9	1.9	1.8	1.9	1.9	1.8
65 years and over (%)	1.9	1.2	2.5	1.9	1.2	2.5
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	19,255	9,620	9,635	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	5,780	2,735	3,040	30.0	28.4	31.6
In bottom decile	600	280	320	3.1	2.9	3.3
In second decile	810	365	450	4.2	3.8	4.7
In third decile	1,135	535	595	5.9	5.6	6.2
In fourth decile	1,410	660	750	7.3	6.9	7.8
In fifth decile	1,825	900	925	9.5	9.4	9.6
In top half of the distribution	13,470	6,885	6,590	70.0	71.6	68.4
In sixth decile	2,065	1,025	1,040	10.7	10.7	10.8
In seventh decile	2,425	1,240	1,180	12.6	12.9	12.2
In eighth decile	2,785	1,400	1,380	14.5	14.6	14.3
In ninth decile	2,895	1,465	1,430	15.0	15.2	14.8
In top decile	3,305	1,745	1,560	17.2	18.1	16.2
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	19,255	...	...	19,255	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.311	...	...	0.311	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.381	...	...	0.381	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.264	...	...	0.264	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.1	...	...	3.1	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	19,605	9,765	9,835	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	30	20	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
French only	9,805	4,450	5,355	50.0	45.6	54.4
English and French	9,750	5,280	4,470	49.7	54.1	45.4
Neither English nor French	25	20	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	19,605	9,765	9,835	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	295	145	150	1.5	1.5	1.5
French	19,170	9,540	9,625	97.8	97.7	97.9
English and French	125	60	65	0.6	0.6	0.7
Neither English nor French	20	20	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	19,605	9,765	9,835	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	19,365	9,640	9,725	98.8	98.7	98.9
Official languages	18,955	9,440	9,520	96.7	96.7	96.8
English	260	125	130	1.3	1.3	1.3
French	18,700	9,315	9,390	95.4	95.4	95.5
Non-official languages	405	195	210	2.1	2.0	2.1
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	405	195	210	2.1	2.0	2.1
Afro-Asiatic languages	75	45	35	0.4	0.5	0.4
Berber languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	70	45	30	0.4	0.5	0.3
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	75	40	30	0.4	0.4	0.3
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	270	125	140	1.4	1.3	1.4
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	50	20	30	0.3	0.2	0.3
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	50	20	30	0.3	0.2	0.3
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Russian	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	30	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	20	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
German	10	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	190	95	95	1.0	1.0	1.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Portuguese	45	25	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
Romanian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Spanish	115	55	60	0.6	0.6	0.6
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	245	130	110	1.2	1.3	1.1
English and French	160	90	75	0.8	0.9	0.8
English and non-official language(s)	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	65	35	30	0.3	0.4	0.3
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	19,605	9,765	9,835	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	95	50	45	0.5	0.5	0.5
French	18,335	9,100	9,235	93.5	93.2	93.9
Non-official language	80	45	35	0.4	0.5	0.4
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	80	45	35	0.4	0.5	0.4
English and French	735	385	345	3.7	3.9	3.5
English and non-official language(s)	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	240	125	115	1.2	1.3	1.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	105	50	55	0.5	0.5	0.6
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	19,605	9,765	9,835	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	19,395	9,665	9,730	98.9	99.0	98.9
Official languages	19,220	9,570	9,655	98.0	98.0	98.2
English	195	95	95	1.0	1.0	1.0
French	19,030	9,470	9,555	97.1	97.0	97.2
Non-official languages	175	100	80	0.9	1.0	0.8
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	175	100	80	0.9	1.0	0.8
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	120	70	55	0.6	0.7	0.6
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	105	60	45	0.5	0.6	0.5
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	25	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Romanian	20	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Spanish	65	35	25	0.3	0.4	0.3
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Chinese languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	215	105	105	1.1	1.1	1.1
English and French	120	60	60	0.6	0.6	0.6
English and non-official language(s)	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	65	35	30	0.3	0.4	0.3
English, French and non-official language(s)	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	19,605	9,770	9,835	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	18,695	9,290	9,405	95.4	95.1	95.6
English	555	300	255	2.8	3.1	2.6
French	155	75	80	0.8	0.8	0.8
Non-official language	120	60	65	0.6	0.6	0.7
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	120	60	65	0.6	0.6	0.7
English and French	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and non-official language(s)	45	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	19,255	9,620	9,635	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	19,235	9,605	9,630	99.9	99.8	99.9
English	9,745	5,295	4,450	50.6	55.0	46.2
French	19,215	9,590	9,625	99.8	99.7	99.9
Non-official languages	1,300	550	750	6.8	5.7	7.8
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,300	550	750	6.8	5.7	7.8
Afro-Asiatic languages	125	70	55	0.6	0.7	0.6
Berber languages	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	125	70	55	0.6	0.7	0.6
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	115	70	50	0.6	0.7	0.5
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,125	465	665	5.8	4.8	6.9
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	85	35	50	0.4	0.4	0.5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	85	35	50	0.4	0.4	0.5
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Russian	40	25	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	120	65	55	0.6	0.7	0.6
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	100	55	45	0.5	0.6	0.5
German	95	55	35	0.5	0.6	0.4
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	955	385	570	5.0	4.0	5.9
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	100	40	60	0.5	0.4	0.6
Portuguese	50	30	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
Romanian	35	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Spanish	805	315	495	4.2	3.3	5.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	45	25	25	0.2	0.3	0.3
Chinese languages	45	25	25	0.2	0.3	0.3
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	19,255	9,620	9,630	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	120	55	60	0.6	0.6	0.6
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	105	45	60	0.5	0.5	0.6
First Nations (North American Indian)	65	25	40	0.3	0.3	0.4
Métis	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Non-Indigenous identity	19,140	9,565	9,570	99.4	99.4	99.4
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	19,255	9,620	9,630	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	19,220	9,605	9,615	99.8	99.8	99.8
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	8,145	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	6,630	...	...	81.4	...	...
Renter	1,510	...	...	18.5	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	8,145	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	1,685	...	...	20.7	...	...
Not condominium	6,460	...	...	79.3	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	8,145	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	15	...	...	0.2	...	...
1 bedroom	825	...	...	10.1	...	...
2 bedrooms	2,260	...	...	27.7	...	...
3 bedrooms	2,615	...	...	32.1	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	2,435	...	...	29.9	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	8,145	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	2,130	...	...	26.2	...	...
5 rooms	910	...	...	11.2	...	...
6 rooms	810	...	...	9.9	...	...
7 rooms	915	...	...	11.2	...	...
8 or more rooms	3,370	...	...	41.4	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.9	...	...	6.9	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	8,145	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	8,135	...	...	99.9	...	...
More than one person per room	10	...	...	0.1	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	8,145	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	8,095	...	...	99.4	...	...
Not suitable	50	...	...	0.6	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	8,145	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	470	...	...	5.8	...	...
1961 to 1980	1,735	...	...	21.3	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,565	...	...	19.2	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,355	...	...	16.6	...	...
2001 to 2005	610	...	...	7.5	...	...
2006 to 2010	570	...	...	7.0	...	...
2011 to 2015	915	...	...	11.2	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	920	...	...	11.3	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	8,145	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	7,925	...	...	97.3	...	...
Major repairs needed	220	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	8,145	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	3,695	...	...	45.4	...	...
Two-maintainer household	4,325	...	...	53.1	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	115	...	...	1.4	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	8,145	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	65	...	...	0.8	...	...
25 to 34 years	735	...	...	9.0	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,165	...	...	14.3	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,475	...	...	18.1	...	...
55 to 64 years	2,060	...	...	25.3	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,725	...	...	21.2	...	...
75 to 84 years	755	...	...	9.3	...	...
85 years and over	165	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	8,100	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	7,220	...	...	89.1	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	885	...	...	10.9	...	...
30% to less than 100%	820	...	...	10.1	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	8,145	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	1,115	...	...	13.7	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	845	...	...	10.4	...	...
Not suitable only	50	...	...	0.6	...	...
Major repairs needed only	185	...	...	2.3	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	30	...	...	0.4	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	7,030	...	...	86.3	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	8,035	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	155	...	...	1.9	...	...
Not in core need	7,885	...	...	98.1	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	6,595	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	59.1	...	...	59.1	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	6.4	...	...	6.4	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	1.2	...	...	1.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,210	...	...	1,210	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,356	...	...	1,356	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	372,000	...	...	372,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	406,000	...	...	406,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,515	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	8.6	...	...	8.6	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	30.8	...	...	30.8	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	4.8	...	...	4.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,100	...	...	1,100	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,318	...	...	1,318	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	19,255	9,620	9,630	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	190	75	120	1.0	0.8	1.2
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	190	75	120	1.0	0.8	1.2
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	165	65	100	0.9	0.7	1.0
Métis single ancestry	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	405	190	215	2.1	2.0	2.2
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	405	190	215	2.1	2.0	2.2
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	370	180	190	1.9	1.9	2.0
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	30	0	25	0.2	0.0	0.3
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	18,660	9,360	9,300	96.9	97.3	96.6
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	19,255	9,625	9,635	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	19,080	9,540	9,540	99.1	99.1	99.0
Canadian citizens aged under 18	3,600	1,885	1,715	18.7	19.6	17.8
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	15,475	7,650	7,820	80.4	79.5	81.2
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	180	85	95	0.9	0.9	1.0
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	19,255	9,625	9,635	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	18,540	9,280	9,250	96.3	96.4	96.0
Immigrants⁸¹	645	305	340	3.3	3.2	3.5
Before 1980	75	40	40	0.4	0.4	0.4
1980 to 1990	85	40	45	0.4	0.4	0.5
1991 to 2000	95	40	50	0.5	0.4	0.5
2001 to 2010	215	105	115	1.1	1.1	1.2
2011 to 2021⁸²	175	80	95	0.9	0.8	1.0
2011 to 2015	100	45	50	0.5	0.5	0.5
2016 to 2021	75	35	45	0.4	0.4	0.5
Non-permanent residents⁸³	70	35	40	0.4	0.4	0.4
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	645	300	340	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	90	55	35	14.0	18.3	10.3
5 to 14 years	90	40	50	14.0	13.3	14.7
15 to 24 years	90	25	65	14.0	8.3	19.1
25 to 44 years	335	160	175	51.9	53.3	51.5
45 years and over	40	25	15	6.2	8.3	4.4
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	645	300	340	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	145	45	95	22.5	15.0	27.9
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	50	15	35	7.8	5.0	10.3
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	10	0	0	1.6	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	20	0	20	3.1	0.0	5.9
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	15	0	10	2.3	0.0	2.9
Other places of birth in Americas	50	25	25	7.8	8.3	7.4
Europe	295	160	130	45.7	53.3	38.2
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	150	95	50	23.3	31.7	14.7
Germany	10	10	0	1.6	3.3	0.0
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	15	0	15	2.3	0.0	4.4
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	10	0	10	1.6	0.0	2.9
Portugal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	15	0	10	2.3	0.0	2.9
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	45	20	25	7.0	6.7	7.4
Africa	140	70	75	21.7	23.3	22.1
Algeria	40	25	15	6.2	8.3	4.4
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	45	10	35	7.0	3.3	10.3
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	50	30	25	7.8	10.0	7.4
Asia	65	25	35	10.1	8.3	10.3
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	15	0	15	2.3	0.0	4.4
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	15	15	0	2.3	5.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	10	10	0	1.6	3.3	0.0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	75	35	45	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	10	0	0	13.3	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	35	20	15	46.7	57.1	33.3
France	35	20	15	46.7	57.1	33.3
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	15	0	15	20.0	0.0	33.3
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	10	0	10	13.3	0.0	22.2
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	10	0	10	13.3	0.0	22.2
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	19,255	9,620	9,635	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	835	385	455	4.3	4.0	4.7
Second generation¹⁰¹	770	440	330	4.0	4.6	3.4
Third generation or more¹⁰²	17,645	8,795	8,855	91.6	91.4	91.9
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	565	265	305	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	340	190	150	60.2	71.7	49.2
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	150	95	55	26.5	35.8	18.0
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	195	100	100	34.5	37.7	32.8
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	170	50	120	30.1	18.9	39.3
Refugees¹⁰⁸	55	25	30	9.7	9.4	9.8
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	565	265	305	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	55	35	25	9.7	13.2	8.2
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	20	10	10	3.5	3.8	3.3
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	20	10	10	3.5	3.8	3.3
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	460	210	255	81.4	79.2	83.6
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	19,255	9,620	9,630	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	465	205	265	2.4	2.1	2.8
South Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese	95	20	75	0.5	0.2	0.8
Black	65	45	20	0.3	0.5	0.2
Filipino	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arab	90	50	40	0.5	0.5	0.4
Latin American	160	60	105	0.8	0.6	1.1
Southeast Asian	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple visible minorities	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	18,785	9,420	9,370	97.6	97.9	97.3
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	19,255	9,625	9,635	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	6,620	3,325	3,290	34.4	34.5	34.1
English	265	125	140	1.4	1.3	1.5
Irish	885	400	480	4.6	4.2	5.0
Scottish	445	210	235	2.3	2.2	2.4
French, n.o.s.¹²²	6,495	3,325	3,170	33.7	34.5	32.9
German	285	140	150	1.5	1.5	1.6
Chinese	75	30	40	0.4	0.3	0.4
Italian	255	105	155	1.3	1.1	1.6
Indian (India)	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Ukrainian	45	15	30	0.2	0.2	0.3
Dutch	45	25	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
Polish	85	50	35	0.4	0.5	0.4
Québécois	2,105	1,115	990	10.9	11.6	10.3
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Filipino	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French Canadian	2,280	1,075	1,205	11.8	11.2	12.5
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	530	280	250	2.8	2.9	2.6
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	295	115	175	1.5	1.2	1.8
Métis	60	15	45	0.3	0.2	0.5
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	160	90	80	0.8	0.9	0.8
Russian	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	35	25	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
American	45	25	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
Spanish	155	65	90	0.8	0.7	0.9
Swedish	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hungarian	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Acadian	240	110	130	1.2	1.1	1.3
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	65	40	25	0.3	0.4	0.3
Jewish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	25	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	40	25	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Greek	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Jamaican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	35	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Lebanese	30	20	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	170	85	85	0.9	0.9	0.9
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	50	30	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Belgian	95	45	45	0.5	0.5	0.5
Haitian	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	40	0	35	0.2	0.0	0.4
Mennonite	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	30	25	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	45	30	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	25	15	15	0.1	0.2	0.2
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombian	65	20	45	0.3	0.2	0.5
Moroccan	65	30	35	0.3	0.3	0.4
Czech	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Syrian	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	40	15	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	30	20	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	35	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	30	30	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	25	20	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	40	25	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	30	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	30	15	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
Saskatchewanian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Norman	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	19,255	9,620	9,630	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Christian	14,425	7,000	7,430	74.9	72.8	77.2
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	1,155	605	555	6.0	6.3	5.8
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baptist	30	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.3
Catholic	13,020	6,280	6,735	67.6	65.3	69.9
Christian Orthodox	45	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
Jehovah's Witness	55	25	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lutheran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	50	30	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	50	25	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	130	65	65	0.7	0.7	0.7
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
No religion and secular perspectives	4,660	2,540	2,120	24.2	26.4	22.0
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	19,020	9,500	9,515	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	17,270	8,695	8,575	90.8	91.5	90.1
Movers	1,745	805	945	9.2	8.5	9.9
Non-migrants	910	435	475	4.8	4.6	5.0
Migrants	835	365	470	4.4	3.8	4.9
Internal migrants	810	355	455	4.3	3.7	4.8
Intraprovincial migrants	810	355	455	4.3	3.7	4.8
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
External migrants	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	18,390	9,155	9,235	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	12,490	6,350	6,145	67.9	69.4	66.5
Movers	5,895	2,805	3,090	32.1	30.6	33.5
Non-migrants	1,385	700	685	7.5	7.6	7.4
Migrants	4,515	2,105	2,405	24.6	23.0	26.0
Internal migrants	4,375	2,040	2,335	23.8	22.3	25.3
Intraprovincial migrants	4,265	1,985	2,275	23.2	21.7	24.6
Interprovincial migrants	110	50	60	0.6	0.5	0.6
External migrants	140	65	75	0.8	0.7	0.8
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	16,275	8,050	8,225	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,455	820	640	8.9	10.2	7.8
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	14,820	7,230	7,590	91.1	89.8	92.3
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	9,880	4,810	5,065	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	450	315	135	4.6	6.5	2.7
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	9,430	4,500	4,930	95.4	93.6	97.3
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	16,275	8,045	8,225	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,305	690	615	8.0	8.6	7.5
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	2,880	1,330	1,550	17.7	16.5	18.8
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,090	6,030	6,060	74.3	75.0	73.7
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	5,930	2,985	2,945	36.4	37.1	35.8
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,715	1,090	625	10.5	13.5	7.6
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	1,215	685	525	7.5	8.5	6.4
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	500	405	100	3.1	5.0	1.2
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	3,455	1,590	1,870	21.2	19.8	22.7
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	760	305	450	4.7	3.8	5.5
Bachelor's degree or higher	6,160	3,040	3,120	37.8	37.8	37.9
Bachelor's degree	3,865	1,875	1,995	23.7	23.3	24.3
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	420	165	255	2.6	2.1	3.1
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	250	145	105	1.5	1.8	1.3
Master's degree	1,325	655	665	8.1	8.1	8.1
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	295	200	95	1.8	2.5	1.2
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	9,880	4,815	5,070	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	340	215	120	3.4	4.5	2.4
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,015	510	500	10.3	10.6	9.9
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	8,530	4,085	4,445	86.3	84.8	87.7
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	3,870	1,950	1,925	39.2	40.5	38.0
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,325	860	465	13.4	17.9	9.2
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	925	535	395	9.4	11.1	7.8
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	400	330	75	4.0	6.9	1.5
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	2,135	930	1,205	21.6	19.3	23.8
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	415	165	250	4.2	3.4	4.9
Bachelor's degree or higher	4,660	2,135	2,520	47.2	44.3	49.7
Bachelor's degree	2,905	1,330	1,570	29.4	27.6	31.0
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	285	100	190	2.9	2.1	3.7
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	170	80	95	1.7	1.7	1.9
Master's degree	1,065	480	585	10.8	10.0	11.5
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	240	150	90	2.4	3.1	1.8
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	16,270	8,045	8,225	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	4,180	2,025	2,165	25.7	25.2	26.3
Education	875	180	695	5.4	2.2	8.4
13. Education	875	180	695	5.4	2.2	8.4
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	320	110	200	2.0	1.4	2.4
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	45	25	20	0.3	0.3	0.2
50. Visual and performing arts	270	90	180	1.7	1.1	2.2
Humanities	660	340	320	4.1	4.2	3.9
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	95	20	65	0.6	0.2	0.8
23. English language and literature/letters	20	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	385	215	180	2.4	2.7	2.2
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	25	20	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
39. Theology and religious vocations	25	20	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
54. History	35	25	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	75	30	45	0.5	0.4	0.5
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,390	530	860	8.5	6.6	10.5
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	240	60	180	1.5	0.7	2.2
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	215	25	190	1.3	0.3	2.3
22. Legal professions and studies	325	150	180	2.0	1.9	2.2
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	40	0	35	0.2	0.0	0.4
42. Psychology	195	55	145	1.2	0.7	1.8
45. Social sciences	355	235	130	2.2	2.9	1.6
Business, management and public administration	3,240	1,430	1,805	19.9	17.8	21.9
30.16 Accounting and computer science	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
44. Public administration and social service professions	200	40	165	1.2	0.5	2.0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,015	1,390	1,625	18.5	17.3	19.8
Physical and life sciences and technologies	660	405	255	4.1	5.0	3.1
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	200	100	105	1.2	1.2	1.3
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	115	80	40	0.7	1.0	0.5
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	180	100	80	1.1	1.2	1.0
40. Physical sciences	145	125	25	0.9	1.6	0.3
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	475	320	155	2.9	4.0	1.9
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	365	285	85	2.2	3.5	1.0
25. Library science	45	0	40	0.3	0.0	0.5
27. Mathematics and statistics	50	30	25	0.3	0.4	0.3
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,970	1,770	200	12.1	22.0	2.4
04. Architecture and related services	65	40	25	0.4	0.5	0.3
14. Engineering	650	565	85	4.0	7.0	1.0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	460	400	55	2.8	5.0	0.7
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	310	295	15	1.9	3.7	0.2
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	330	315	15	2.0	3.9	0.2
48. Precision production	150	145	0	0.9	1.8	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	325	185	140	2.0	2.3	1.7
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	160	70	85	1.0	0.9	1.0
03. Natural resources and conservation	165	110	50	1.0	1.4	0.6
Health and related fields	1,565	375	1,190	9.6	4.7	14.5
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	110	60	50	0.7	0.7	0.6
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,360	270	1,095	8.4	3.4	13.3
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	95	45	50	0.6	0.6	0.6
Personal, protective and transportation services	595	365	230	3.7	4.5	2.8
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	235	55	180	1.4	0.7	2.2
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	190	160	35	1.2	2.0	0.4
49. Transportation and materials moving	165	155	10	1.0	1.9	0.1
Other¹⁷⁹	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	9,880	4,810	5,065	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	1,350	730	620	13.7	15.2	12.2
Education	575	115	455	5.8	2.4	9.0
13. Education	575	115	455	5.8	2.4	9.0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	200	60	140	2.0	1.2	2.8
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	40	20	20	0.4	0.4	0.4
50. Visual and performing arts	160	40	120	1.6	0.8	2.4
Humanities	350	180	170	3.5	3.7	3.4
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	80	20	55	0.8	0.4	1.1
23. English language and literature/letters	20	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	145	85	60	1.5	1.8	1.2
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
39. Theology and religious vocations	15	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
54. History	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	50	15	30	0.5	0.3	0.6
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,000	290	705	10.1	6.0	13.9
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	215	50	165	2.2	1.0	3.3
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	165	15	150	1.7	0.3	3.0
22. Legal professions and studies	225	70	155	2.3	1.5	3.1
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	40	0	35	0.4	0.0	0.7
42. Psychology	130	25	105	1.3	0.5	2.1
45. Social sciences	215	125	90	2.2	2.6	1.8
Business, management and public administration	2,365	965	1,405	23.9	20.1	27.7
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
44. Public administration and social service professions	145	20	125	1.5	0.4	2.5
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,210	950	1,265	22.4	19.8	25.0
Physical and life sciences and technologies	330	205	120	3.3	4.3	2.4
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	140	65	75	1.4	1.4	1.5
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	50	35	10	0.5	0.7	0.2
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	15	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
40. Physical sciences	115	95	20	1.2	2.0	0.4
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	345	225	125	3.5	4.7	2.5
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	280	205	75	2.8	4.3	1.5
25. Library science	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
27. Mathematics and statistics	40	20	20	0.4	0.4	0.4
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,585	1,395	195	16.0	29.0	3.8
04. Architecture and related services	45	20	25	0.5	0.4	0.5
14. Engineering	550	465	75	5.6	9.7	1.5
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	345	290	55	3.5	6.0	1.1
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	260	245	15	2.6	5.1	0.3
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	270	255	15	2.7	5.3	0.3
48. Precision production	115	110	0	1.2	2.3	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	255	135	120	2.6	2.8	2.4
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	125	50	80	1.3	1.0	1.6
03. Natural resources and conservation	125	85	40	1.3	1.8	0.8
Health and related fields	1,030	230	800	10.4	4.8	15.8
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	75	40	35	0.8	0.8	0.7
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	890	175	715	9.0	3.6	14.1
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	65	15	45	0.7	0.3	0.9
Personal, protective and transportation services	495	290	205	5.0	6.0	4.0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	195	30	170	2.0	0.6	3.4
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	140	110	25	1.4	2.3	0.5
49. Transportation and materials moving	155	145	10	1.6	3.0	0.2
Other¹⁷⁹	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	9,880	4,810	5,065	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,350	730	620	13.7	15.2	12.2
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	8,530	4,085	4,445	86.3	84.9	87.8
Location of study inside Canada	8,180	3,885	4,300	82.8	80.8	84.9
Same as province or territory of residence	7,980	3,790	4,190	80.8	78.8	82.7
Different than province or territory of residence	205	90	110	2.1	1.9	2.2
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	350	200	150	3.5	4.2	3.0
Americas	95	70	25	1.0	1.5	0.5
United States of America	50	50	0	0.5	1.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	15	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Europe	205	105	100	2.1	2.2	2.0
Belgium	15	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
France	110	60	50	1.1	1.2	1.0
Germany	15	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
Africa	35	25	10	0.4	0.5	0.2
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Tunisia	15	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	16,275	8,045	8,225	...	...	...
In the labour force	10,510	5,445	5,065	...	...	...
Employed	9,955	5,180	4,780	...	...	...
Unemployed	555	270	285	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	5,765	2,600	3,160	...	...	...
Participation rate	64.6	67.7	61.6	64.6	67.7	61.6
Employment rate	61.2	64.4	58.1	61.2	64.4	58.1
Unemployment rate	5.3	5.0	5.6	5.3	5.0	5.6
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	16,270	8,045	8,225	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	5,195	2,340	2,860	31.9	29.1	34.8
Worked	11,075	5,705	5,370	68.1	70.9	65.3
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	6,375	3,360	3,015	39.2	41.8	36.7
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	4,700	2,345	2,355	28.9	29.1	28.6
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.9	43.1	42.6	42.9	43.1	42.6
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	10,510	5,445	5,065	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	125	75	50	1.2	1.4	1.0
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	10,385	5,370	5,015	98.8	98.6	99.0
Employee	9,140	4,625	4,510	87.0	84.9	89.0
Permanent position	7,510	3,855	3,655	71.5	70.8	72.2
Temporary position	1,630	770	855	15.5	14.1	16.9
Fixed term (1 year or more)	500	195	305	4.8	3.6	6.0
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	1,125	575	550	10.7	10.6	10.9
Self-employed¹⁹²	1,245	745	500	11.8	13.7	9.9
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	10,510	5,445	5,065	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	125	75	50	1.2	1.4	1.0
All occupations¹⁹¹	10,385	5,370	5,015	98.8	98.6	99.0
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	375	285	90	3.6	5.2	1.8
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,270	845	1,430	21.6	15.5	28.2
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,200	940	265	11.4	17.3	5.2
3 Health occupations	960	200	760	9.1	3.7	15.0
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,665	590	1,080	15.8	10.8	21.3
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	270	125	145	2.6	2.3	2.9
6 Sales and service occupations	2,100	1,050	1,050	20.0	19.3	20.7
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,105	1,040	70	10.5	19.1	1.4
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	95	65	25	0.9	1.2	0.5
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	345	235	110	3.3	4.3	2.2
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	10,510	5,445	5,065	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	125	75	50	1.2	1.4	1.0
All industries¹⁹¹	10,385	5,370	5,015	98.8	98.6	99.0
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	135	85	45	1.3	1.6	0.9
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	30	25	0	0.3	0.5	0.0
22 Utilities	40	30	10	0.4	0.6	0.2
23 Construction	515	465	50	4.9	8.5	1.0
31-33 Manufacturing	915	620	295	8.7	11.4	5.8
41 Wholesale trade	415	280	135	3.9	5.1	2.7
44-45 Retail trade	1,095	555	540	10.4	10.2	10.7
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	285	230	50	2.7	4.2	1.0
51 Information and cultural industries	135	95	45	1.3	1.7	0.9
52 Finance and insurance	665	355	310	6.3	6.5	6.1
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	200	110	95	1.9	2.0	1.9
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,030	670	360	9.8	12.3	7.1
55 Management of companies and enterprises	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	175	110	65	1.7	2.0	1.3
61 Educational services	985	285	700	9.4	5.2	13.8
62 Health care and social assistance	1,340	290	1,055	12.7	5.3	20.8
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	140	80	60	1.3	1.5	1.2
72 Accommodation and food services	460	205	250	4.4	3.8	4.9
81 Other services (except public administration)	345	150	200	3.3	2.8	3.9
91 Public administration	1,460	720	740	13.9	13.2	14.6
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	11,450	5,880	5,570	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	145	90	55	1.3	1.5	1.0
French	9,260	4,540	4,715	80.9	77.2	84.6
Non-official language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	1,975	1,225	755	17.2	20.8	13.6
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	35	10	25	0.3	0.2	0.4
English, French and non-official language(s)	35	20	20	0.3	0.3	0.4
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	11,450	5,880	5,570	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	11,260	5,785	5,475	98.3	98.4	98.3
Official languages	11,240	5,775	5,460	98.2	98.2	98.0
English	425	250	180	3.7	4.3	3.2
French	10,810	5,530	5,285	94.4	94.0	94.9
Non-official languages	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	195	100	90	1.7	1.7	1.6
English and French	195	100	90	1.7	1.7	1.6
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	11,450	5,880	5,570	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	9,600	4,735	4,865	83.8	80.5	87.3
English	1,515	970	545	13.2	16.5	9.8
French	280	155	125	2.4	2.6	2.2
Non-official language	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	20	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	9,950	5,175	4,780	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	2,710	1,350	1,360	27.2	26.1	28.5
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No fixed workplace address	775	580	190	7.8	11.2	4.0
Usual place of work	6,470	3,245	3,225	65.0	62.7	67.5
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	6,465	3,245	3,225	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,710	850	860	26.5	26.2	26.7
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	3,895	1,835	2,060	60.2	56.5	63.9
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	845	545	300	13.1	16.8	9.3
Commute to a different province or territory	20	10	0	0.3	0.3	0.0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	7,245	3,825	3,420	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	6,580	3,490	3,095	90.8	91.2	90.5
Car, truck or van - as a driver	6,215	3,330	2,890	85.8	87.1	84.5
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	360	160	200	5.0	4.2	5.8
Public transit	165	60	110	2.3	1.6	3.2
Walked	305	145	160	4.2	3.8	4.7
Bicycle	60	55	10	0.8	1.4	0.3
Other method	135	80	50	1.9	2.1	1.5
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	7,245	3,825	3,420	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	2,230	1,140	1,090	30.8	29.8	31.9
15 to 29 minutes	3,565	1,800	1,765	49.2	47.1	51.6
30 to 44 minutes	1,115	660	455	15.4	17.3	13.3
45 to 59 minutes	150	80	65	2.1	2.1	1.9
60 minutes and over	180	135	40	2.5	3.5	1.2
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	7,245	3,825	3,420	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	280	215	65	3.9	5.6	1.9
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,105	740	365	15.3	19.3	10.7
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	2,670	1,325	1,345	36.9	34.6	39.3
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,735	795	940	23.9	20.8	27.5
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	605	290	320	8.4	7.6	9.4
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	850	460	390	11.7	12.0	11.4
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	3,745	1,960	1,780	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	445	245	205	11.9	12.5	11.5
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	3,300	1,715	1,575	88.1	87.5	88.5
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	2,850	1,500	1,355	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	365	205	165	12.8	13.7	12.2
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	270	155	115	9.5	10.3	8.5
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	95	50	45	3.3	3.3	3.3
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,485	1,295	1,185	87.2	86.3	87.5

Symbol legend

...
not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 25, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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