Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Rouyn-NorandaMore information: Quebec [Population centre]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	23,186	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	23,569^r	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	- 1.6	...	...	- 1.6	...	...
Total private dwellings²	12,414	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	11,534	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,045.2	...	...	1,045.2	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	22.18	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	23,185	11,180	12,000	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	3,370	1,695	1,675	14.5	15.2	14.0
0 to 4 years	1,060	545	510	4.6	4.9	4.3
5 to 9 years	1,190	605	585	5.1	5.4	4.9
10 to 14 years	1,120	540	580	4.8	4.8	4.8
15 to 64 years	14,345	7,235	7,110	61.9	64.7	59.3
15 to 19 years	1,130	555	570	4.9	5.0	4.8
20 to 24 years	1,465	760	700	6.3	6.8	5.8
25 to 29 years	1,680	875	805	7.2	7.8	6.7
30 to 34 years	1,470	780	690	6.3	7.0	5.8
35 to 39 years	1,415	740	670	6.1	6.6	5.6
40 to 44 years	1,305	675	630	5.6	6.0	5.3
45 to 49 years	1,180	580	595	5.1	5.2	5.0
50 to 54 years	1,230	565	665	5.3	5.1	5.5
55 to 59 years	1,690	850	835	7.3	7.6	7.0
60 to 64 years	1,785	845	945	7.7	7.6	7.9
65 years and over	5,470	2,260	3,215	23.6	20.2	26.8
65 to 69 years	1,550	715	835	6.7	6.4	7.0
70 to 74 years	1,330	575	760	5.7	5.1	6.3
75 to 79 years	1,015	450	565	4.4	4.0	4.7
80 to 84 years	675	275	395	2.9	2.5	3.3
85 years and over	905	235	660	3.9	2.1	5.5
85 to 89 years	570	170	400	2.5	1.5	3.3
90 to 94 years	260	55	210	1.1	0.5	1.8
95 to 99 years	65	15	50	0.3	0.1	0.4
100 years and over	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	14.5	15.2	14.0	14.5	15.2	14.0
15 to 64 years	61.9	64.7	59.3	61.9	64.7	59.3
65 years and over	23.6	20.2	26.8	23.6	20.2	26.8
85 years and over	3.9	2.1	5.5	3.9	2.1	5.5
Average age of the population	44.2	42.3	46.0	44.2	42.3	46.0
Median age of the population	44.0	41.2	47.2	44.0	41.2	47.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	11,530	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	3,680	...	...	31.9	...	...
Semi-detached house	900	...	...	7.8	...	...
Row house	70	...	...	0.6	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	1,320	...	...	11.4	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	5,300	...	...	46.0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	60	...	...	0.5	...	...
Other single-attached house	120	...	...	1.0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	80	...	...	0.7	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	11,535	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	5,250	...	...	45.5	...	...
2 persons	3,815	...	...	33.1	...	...
3 persons	1,150	...	...	10.0	...	...
4 persons	900	...	...	7.8	...	...
5 or more persons	420	...	...	3.6	...	...
Number of persons in private households	22,185	10,890	11,295	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	1.9	...	...	1.9	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	19,815	9,485	10,325	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	10,015	4,985	5,025	50.5	52.6	48.7
Married	4,850	2,410	2,445	24.5	25.4	23.7
Living common-law	5,160	2,580	2,585	26.0	27.2	25.0
Living common law - Never married	4,275	2,115	2,155	21.6	22.3	20.9
Living common law - Separated	55	25	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
Living common law - Divorced	720	385	340	3.6	4.1	3.3
Living common law - Widowed	110	45	65	0.6	0.5	0.6
Not married and not living common-law	9,795	4,500	5,295	49.4	47.4	51.3
Not married and not living common law - Never married	6,560	3,540	3,015	33.1	37.3	29.2
Not married and not living common law - Separated	280	115	160	1.4	1.2	1.5
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	1,520	550	970	7.7	5.8	9.4
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	1,440	285	1,150	7.3	3.0	11.1
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	5,890	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	3,590	...	...	61.0	...	...
3 persons	1,070	...	...	18.2	...	...
4 persons	855	...	...	14.5	...	...
5 or more persons	380	...	...	6.5	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.7	...	...	1.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	5,890	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	4,820	...	...	81.8	...	...
Married couples	2,235	...	...	37.9	...	...
With children⁶	740	...	...	12.6	...	...
Without children	1,495	...	...	25.4	...	...
Common-law couples	2,585	...	...	43.9	...	...
With children⁶	1,120	...	...	19.0	...	...
Without children	1,460	...	...	24.8	...	...
Total one-parent families	1,075	...	...	18.3	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	765	...	...	13.0	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	305	...	...	5.2	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	22,185	10,890	11,295	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	15,810	7,725	8,090	71.3	70.9	71.6
Married spouses or common-law partners	9,630	4,810	4,825	43.4	44.2	42.7
Parents in one-parent families	1,070	310	765	4.8	2.8	6.8
Children⁶	5,105	2,605	2,500	23.0	23.9	22.1
In a two-parent family	3,440	1,745	1,695	15.5	16.0	15.0
In a one-parent family	1,660	860	805	7.5	7.9	7.1
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	6,375	3,170	3,210	28.7	29.1	28.4
Living alone	5,250	2,490	2,765	23.7	22.9	24.5
Living with other relatives⁷	315	160	155	1.4	1.5	1.4
Living with non-relatives only	815	525	285	3.7	4.8	2.5
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	11,535	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	5,675	...	...	49.2	...	...
Couple-family households	4,680	...	...	40.6	...	...
With children⁶	1,810	...	...	15.7	...	...
Without children	2,875	...	...	24.9	...	...
One-parent-family households	995	...	...	8.6	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	55	...	...	0.5	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	10	...	...	0.1	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	125	...	...	1.1	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	420	...	...	3.6	...	...
One-person households	5,250	...	...	45.5	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	18,820	9,195	9,625	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	18,600	9,100	9,500	98.8	99.0	98.7
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,200	46,800	36,400	41,200	46,800	36,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	18,600	9,100	9,500	98.8	99.0	98.7
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,400	40,400	32,800	36,400	40,400	32,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	16,650	8,315	8,335	88.5	90.4	86.6
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,000	41,200	28,200	34,000	41,200	28,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	13,370	6,970	6,400	71.0	75.8	66.5
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,400	43,200	30,600	36,400	43,200	30,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	15,455	7,125	8,325	82.1	77.5	86.5
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,400	10,100	12,200	11,400	10,100	12,200
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,240	1,210	1,030	11.9	13.2	10.7
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,480	5,440	5,520	5,480	5,440	5,520
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	5,175	2,725	2,455	27.5	29.6	25.5
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	6,000	7,000	6,000	6,000	7,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	18,930	9,275	9,655	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	18,695	9,165	9,525	98.8	98.8	98.7
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	50,760	59,200	42,600	50,760	59,200	42,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	18,695	9,165	9,525	98.8	98.8	98.7
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,480	46,720	36,440	41,480	46,720	36,440
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	16,755	8,465	8,290	88.5	91.3	85.9
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	45,120	54,250	35,840	45,120	54,250	35,840
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	13,470	7,090	6,380	71.2	76.4	66.1
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,120	54,000	37,400	46,120	54,000	37,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	15,650	7,195	8,455	82.7	77.6	87.6
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,290	11,630	12,860	12,290	11,630	12,860
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,255	1,235	1,020	11.9	13.3	10.6
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,350	6,560	8,300	7,350	6,560	8,300
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	5,125	2,735	2,385	27.1	29.5	24.7
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,320	7,060	7,620	7,320	7,060	7,620
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	18,930	9,280	9,655	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	6,250	3,420	2,830	33.0	36.9	29.3
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	55,600	64,000	48,800	55,600	64,000	48,800
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	65,100	72,900	55,750	65,100	72,900	55,750
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	5,710	2,845	2,860	30.2	30.7	29.6
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	22,600	29,000	18,400	22,600	29,000	18,400
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	33,840	42,680	25,040	33,840	42,680	25,040
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	79.8	84.6	73.2	79.8	84.6	73.2
Employment income (%)¹⁹	65.4	70.4	58.8	65.4	70.4	58.8
Government transfers (%)²⁰	20.3	15.4	26.8	20.3	15.4	26.8
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.8	1.5	2.1	1.8	1.5	2.1
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	4.7	4.1	5.6	4.7	4.1	5.6
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.0	3.6	4.5	4.0	3.6	4.5
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	18,820	9,200	9,620	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	215	100	120	1.1	1.1	1.2
With total income	18,605	9,100	9,500	98.9	98.9	98.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,045	445	595	5.6	4.9	6.3
$10,000 to $19,999	2,315	915	1,400	12.4	10.1	14.7
$20,000 to $29,999	3,210	1,345	1,865	17.3	14.8	19.6
$30,000 to $39,999	2,460	1,050	1,410	13.2	11.5	14.8
$40,000 to $49,999	2,390	1,090	1,305	12.8	12.0	13.7
$50,000 to $59,999	1,915	935	980	10.3	10.3	10.3
$60,000 to $69,999	1,345	725	625	7.2	8.0	6.6
$70,000 to $79,999	945	570	375	5.1	6.3	3.9
$80,000 to $89,999	755	435	320	4.1	4.8	3.4
$90,000 to $99,999	565	370	195	3.0	4.1	2.1
$100,000 and over	1,655	1,215	440	8.9	13.4	4.6
$100,000 to $149,999	1,260	920	340	6.8	10.1	3.6
$150,000 and over	395	295	100	2.1	3.2	1.1
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	18,820	9,200	9,620	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	215	100	120	1.1	1.1	1.2
With after-tax income	18,605	9,100	9,500	98.9	98.9	98.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,095	460	635	5.9	5.1	6.7
$10,000 to $19,999	2,445	985	1,465	13.1	10.8	15.4
$20,000 to $29,999	3,725	1,550	2,175	20.0	17.0	22.9
$30,000 to $39,999	3,235	1,460	1,780	17.4	16.0	18.7
$40,000 to $49,999	2,770	1,375	1,400	14.9	15.1	14.7
$50,000 to $59,999	1,805	985	815	9.7	10.8	8.6
$60,000 to $69,999	1,215	705	510	6.5	7.7	5.4
$70,000 to $79,999	865	545	320	4.6	6.0	3.4
$80,000 to $89,999	540	375	165	2.9	4.1	1.7
$90,000 to $99,999	330	240	90	1.8	2.6	0.9
$100,000 and over	570	420	155	3.1	4.6	1.6
$100,000 to $124,999	350	265	85	1.9	2.9	0.9
$125,000 and over	215	150	65	1.2	1.6	0.7
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	18,820	9,200	9,620	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	5,445	2,230	3,220	28.9	24.2	33.5
With employment income	13,375	6,970	6,400	71.1	75.8	66.5
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,535	770	765	11.5	11.0	12.0
$5,000 to $9,999	965	385	580	7.2	5.5	9.1
$10,000 to $19,999	1,780	765	1,020	13.3	11.0	15.9
$20,000 to $29,999	1,435	645	785	10.7	9.3	12.3
$30,000 to $39,999	1,510	695	820	11.3	10.0	12.8
$40,000 to $49,999	1,360	670	685	10.2	9.6	10.7
$50,000 to $59,999	1,050	570	480	7.9	8.2	7.5
$60,000 to $69,999	850	510	340	6.4	7.3	5.3
$70,000 to $79,999	605	365	235	4.5	5.2	3.7
$80,000 to $89,999	560	325	230	4.2	4.7	3.6
$90,000 to $99,999	420	295	130	3.1	4.2	2.0
$100,000 and over	1,305	985	325	9.8	14.1	5.1
$100,000 to $124,999	670	490	185	5.0	7.0	2.9
$125,000 and over	630	490	145	4.7	7.0	2.3
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	18,820	9,195	9,625	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	18,365	8,990	9,380	97.6	97.8	97.5
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	37,600	44,400	32,400	37,600	44,400	32,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	18,370	8,990	9,390	97.6	97.8	97.6
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	33,600	38,400	29,400	33,600	38,400	29,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	16,505	8,255	8,250	87.7	89.8	85.7
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	33,600	41,200	27,800	33,600	41,200	27,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	13,485	7,030	6,460	71.7	76.5	67.1
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,200	42,400	29,400	35,200	42,400	29,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	14,190	6,415	7,775	75.4	69.8	80.8
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,500	7,150	9,300	8,500	7,150	9,300
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	2,205	1,215	990	11.7	13.2	10.3
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,080	5,200	4,800	5,080	5,200	4,800
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	18,930	9,275	9,655	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	18,470	9,065	9,405	97.6	97.7	97.4
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	48,320	57,500	39,480	48,320	57,500	39,480
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	18,480	9,065	9,410	97.6	97.7	97.5
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,400	45,320	33,680	39,400	45,320	33,680
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	16,720	8,400	8,315	88.3	90.6	86.1
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	45,080	55,050	34,960	45,080	55,050	34,960
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	13,665	7,225	6,445	72.2	77.9	66.8
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	45,760	54,100	36,400	45,760	54,100	36,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	14,305	6,465	7,840	75.6	69.7	81.2
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,730	9,060	10,290	9,730	9,060	10,290
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,230	1,285	945	11.8	13.9	9.8
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,680	6,250	7,280	6,680	6,250	7,280
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	18,930	9,280	9,655	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	6,210	3,400	2,815	32.8	36.6	29.2
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	53,200	61,200	46,400	53,200	61,200	46,400
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	62,250	70,900	51,750	62,250	70,900	51,750
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	5,485	2,750	2,730	29.0	29.6	28.3
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	24,800	32,000	21,000	24,800	32,000	21,000
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	37,800	48,000	27,520	37,800	48,000	27,520
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	84.4	88.8	78.2	84.4	88.8	78.2
Employment income (%)	70.0	75.0	63.2	70.0	75.0	63.2
Government transfers (%)	15.6	11.2	21.7	15.6	11.2	21.7
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.7	1.6	1.9	1.7	1.6	1.9
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	11,535	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	61,600	...	...	61,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	53,600	...	...	53,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	5,250	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	37,200	...	...	37,200	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	33,200	...	...	33,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	6,285	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	94,000	...	...	94,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	80,000	...	...	80,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	11,530	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	82,300	...	...	82,300	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	67,300	...	...	67,300	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	5,210	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	45,280	...	...	45,280	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	38,120	...	...	38,120	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	6,320	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	112,800	...	...	112,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	91,300	...	...	91,300	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	11,530	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	90	...	...	0.8	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	70	...	...	0.6	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	195	...	...	1.7	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	400	...	...	3.5	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	925	...	...	8.0	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	525	...	...	4.6	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	510	...	...	4.4	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	655	...	...	5.7	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	635	...	...	5.5	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	540	...	...	4.7	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,055	...	...	9.2	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	865	...	...	7.5	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	745	...	...	6.5	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	590	...	...	5.1	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	595	...	...	5.2	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,145	...	...	27.3	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,010	...	...	8.8	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	725	...	...	6.3	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	825	...	...	7.2	...	...
$200,000 and over	585	...	...	5.1	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	11,530	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	95	...	...	0.8	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	75	...	...	0.7	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	195	...	...	1.7	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	425	...	...	3.7	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,000	...	...	8.7	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	650	...	...	5.6	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	725	...	...	6.3	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	730	...	...	6.3	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	775	...	...	6.7	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	645	...	...	5.6	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,115	...	...	9.7	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	905	...	...	7.8	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	825	...	...	7.2	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	615	...	...	5.3	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	535	...	...	4.6	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,225	...	...	19.3	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	940	...	...	8.2	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	630	...	...	5.5	...	...
$150,000 and over	650	...	...	5.6	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	5,955	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	95,000	...	...	95,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	81,000	...	...	81,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	2,895	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	84,000	...	...	84,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	73,000	...	...	73,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	1,870	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	145,000	...	...	145,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	119,000	...	...	119,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,055	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	67,000	...	...	67,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	60,000	...	...	60,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	6,065	3,010	3,050	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	36,400	39,600	33,600	36,400	39,600	33,600
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	32,400	34,400	30,800	32,400	34,400	30,800
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	6,030	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	113,300	...	...	113,300	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	91,500	...	...	91,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,865	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	102,000	...	...	102,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	81,600	...	...	81,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,945	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	153,600	...	...	153,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	122,700	...	...	122,700	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,085	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	74,400	...	...	74,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	64,000	...	...	64,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	5,945	2,935	3,010	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	44,640	48,960	40,440	44,640	48,960	40,440
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	37,640	40,240	35,080	37,640	40,240	35,080
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	22,190	10,890	11,300	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	3,980	2,010	1,975	17.9	18.5	17.5
0 to 5 years	1,280	645	630	5.8	5.9	5.6
18 to 64 years	13,625	6,850	6,770	61.4	62.9	59.9
65 years and over	4,580	2,030	2,550	20.6	18.6	22.6
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	3,155	1,400	1,750	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	420	210	210	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	150	65	80	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	1,600	790	810	...	...	...
65 years and over	1,135	405	730	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	14.2	12.9	15.5	14.2	12.9	15.5
0 to 17 years (%)	10.6	10.5	10.6	10.6	10.5	10.6
0 to 5 years (%)	11.8	10.4	13.2	11.8	10.4	13.2
18 to 64 years (%)	11.7	11.5	12.0	11.7	11.5	12.0
65 years and over (%)	24.8	19.9	28.8	24.8	19.9	28.8
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	22,185	10,890	11,295	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	3,985	2,005	1,975	18.0	18.4	17.5
0 to 5 years	1,280	645	635	5.8	5.9	5.6
18 to 64 years	13,625	6,855	6,775	61.4	62.9	60.0
65 years and over	4,580	2,035	2,545	20.6	18.7	22.5
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	800	430	375	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	80	35	45	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	25	10	15	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	670	375	295	...	...	...
65 years and over	50	20	30	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.6	3.9	3.3	3.6	3.9	3.3
0 to 17 years (%)	2.0	1.7	2.3	2.0	1.7	2.3
0 to 5 years (%)	1.8	1.2	2.4	1.8	1.2	2.4
18 to 64 years (%)	4.9	5.4	4.4	4.9	5.4	4.4
65 years and over (%)	1.1	1.0	1.2	1.1	1.0	1.2
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	22,185	10,890	11,300	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	12,775	6,060	6,715	57.6	55.6	59.4
In bottom decile	2,680	1,240	1,440	12.1	11.4	12.7
In second decile	2,770	1,295	1,480	12.5	11.9	13.1
In third decile	2,510	1,170	1,340	11.3	10.7	11.9
In fourth decile	2,415	1,185	1,230	10.9	10.9	10.9
In fifth decile	2,390	1,175	1,220	10.8	10.8	10.8
In top half of the distribution	9,415	4,830	4,585	42.4	44.4	40.6
In sixth decile	2,320	1,195	1,130	10.5	11.0	10.0
In seventh decile	2,080	1,065	1,020	9.4	9.8	9.0
In eighth decile	2,085	1,060	1,025	9.4	9.7	9.1
In ninth decile	1,705	895	810	7.7	8.2	7.2
In top decile	1,225	615	605	5.5	5.6	5.4
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	22,185	...	...	22,185	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.322	...	...	0.322	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.446	...	...	0.446	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.276	...	...	0.276	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.6	...	...	3.6	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	22,805	11,020	11,790	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	100	55	50	0.4	0.5	0.4
French only	13,870	6,050	7,820	60.8	54.9	66.3
English and French	8,825	4,910	3,915	38.7	44.6	33.2
Neither English nor French	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	22,805	11,020	11,790	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	590	275	320	2.6	2.5	2.7
French	22,065	10,665	11,400	96.8	96.8	96.7
English and French	135	75	65	0.6	0.7	0.6
Neither English nor French	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	22,805	11,020	11,790	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	22,465	10,835	11,630	98.5	98.3	98.6
Official languages	21,905	10,525	11,380	96.1	95.5	96.5
English	505	210	300	2.2	1.9	2.5
French	21,395	10,315	11,080	93.8	93.6	94.0
Non-official languages	560	310	250	2.5	2.8	2.1
Indigenous languages³⁹	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	550	300	245	2.4	2.7	2.1
Afro-Asiatic languages	210	120	95	0.9	1.1	0.8
Berber languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kabyle	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	190	110	80	0.8	1.0	0.7
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	190	105	80	0.8	1.0	0.7
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	40	35	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	10	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Merina	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	25	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	15	5	5	0.1	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	180	90	90	0.8	0.8	0.8
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	20	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	15	5	5	0.1	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	135	60	75	0.6	0.5	0.6
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	10	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Romanian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	105	45	60	0.5	0.4	0.5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	75	45	35	0.3	0.4	0.3
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	5	5	0.1	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	15	5	5	0.1	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	345	185	160	1.5	1.7	1.4
English and French	220	125	95	1.0	1.1	0.8
English and non-official language(s)	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	100	55	45	0.4	0.5	0.4
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	22,805	11,020	11,790	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	195	95	95	0.9	0.9	0.8
French	21,010	10,065	10,945	92.1	91.3	92.8
Non-official language	100	65	35	0.4	0.6	0.3
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	100	65	35	0.4	0.6	0.3
English and French	975	520	450	4.3	4.7	3.8
English and non-official language(s)	45	30	15	0.2	0.3	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	360	180	175	1.6	1.6	1.5
English, French and non-official language(s)	130	65	65	0.6	0.6	0.6
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	22,805	11,020	11,790	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	22,485	10,865	11,615	98.6	98.6	98.5
Official languages	22,260	10,735	11,525	97.6	97.4	97.8
English	335	160	175	1.5	1.5	1.5
French	21,925	10,580	11,345	96.1	96.0	96.2
Non-official languages	225	130	90	1.0	1.2	0.8
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	225	130	90	1.0	1.2	0.8
Afro-Asiatic languages	80	40	35	0.4	0.4	0.3
Berber languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	70	40	30	0.3	0.4	0.3
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	70	40	30	0.3	0.4	0.3
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	30	25	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	25	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	95	45	45	0.4	0.4	0.4
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	80	45	40	0.4	0.4	0.3
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	70	30	35	0.3	0.3	0.3
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	325	150	175	1.4	1.4	1.5
English and French	195	90	100	0.9	0.8	0.8
English and non-official language(s)	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	105	50	55	0.5	0.5	0.5
English, French and non-official language(s)	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	22,805	11,015	11,785	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	21,590	10,360	11,230	94.7	94.1	95.3
English	705	410	300	3.1	3.7	2.5
French	205	95	110	0.9	0.9	0.9
Non-official language	200	105	90	0.9	1.0	0.8
Indigenous³⁹	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	195	105	90	0.9	1.0	0.8
English and French	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and non-official language(s)	60	30	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
French and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	20	5	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	22,340	10,995	11,345	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	22,325	10,995	11,330	99.9	100.0	99.9
English	9,040	5,120	3,920	40.5	46.6	34.6
French	22,240	10,930	11,310	99.6	99.4	99.7
Non-official languages	1,280	685	590	5.7	6.2	5.2
Indigenous languages³⁹	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Algonquian languages	35	15	15	0.2	0.1	0.1
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Atikamekw	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Cree languages	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Naskapi	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,245	670	575	5.6	6.1	5.1
Afro-Asiatic languages	330	175	150	1.5	1.6	1.3
Berber languages	40	25	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Kabyle	35	20	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	310	165	145	1.4	1.5	1.3
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	310	165	145	1.4	1.5	1.3
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	60	50	10	0.3	0.5	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	15	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Merina	15	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	50	40	10	0.2	0.4	0.1
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	30	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.2
Haitian Creole	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	715	365	350	3.2	3.3	3.1
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	40	25	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	35	25	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	20	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Russian	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	45	30	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	45	30	15	0.2	0.3	0.1
German	45	30	15	0.2	0.3	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	630	310	325	2.8	2.8	2.9
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	40	25	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Portuguese	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	595	290	300	2.7	2.6	2.6
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	70	50	20	0.3	0.5	0.2
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	35	25	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	25	20	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	22,340	10,995	11,345	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	610	315	290	2.7	2.9	2.6
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	560	285	270	2.5	2.6	2.4
First Nations (North American Indian)	270	115	155	1.2	1.0	1.4
Métis	280	170	110	1.3	1.5	1.0
Inuk (Inuit)	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	35	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
Non-Indigenous identity	21,730	10,680	11,050	97.3	97.1	97.4
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	22,340	10,995	11,345	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	190	105	85	0.9	1.0	0.7
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	22,150	10,885	11,260	99.1	99.0	99.3
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	11,530	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	5,325	...	...	46.2	...	...
Renter	6,200	...	...	53.8	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	11,530	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	1,315	...	...	11.4	...	...
Not condominium	10,215	...	...	88.6	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	11,530	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	70	...	...	0.6	...	...
1 bedroom	2,380	...	...	20.6	...	...
2 bedrooms	3,925	...	...	34.0	...	...
3 bedrooms	3,245	...	...	28.1	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,905	...	...	16.5	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	11,530	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	5,145	...	...	44.6	...	...
5 rooms	1,915	...	...	16.6	...	...
6 rooms	1,115	...	...	9.7	...	...
7 rooms	870	...	...	7.5	...	...
8 or more rooms	2,490	...	...	21.6	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.5	...	...	5.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	11,530	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	11,500	...	...	99.7	...	...
More than one person per room	35	...	...	0.3	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	11,530	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	11,330	...	...	98.3	...	...
Not suitable	195	...	...	1.7	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	11,530	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	4,465	...	...	38.7	...	...
1961 to 1980	3,680	...	...	31.9	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,540	...	...	13.4	...	...
1991 to 2000	765	...	...	6.6	...	...
2001 to 2005	155	...	...	1.3	...	...
2006 to 2010	210	...	...	1.8	...	...
2011 to 2015	355	...	...	3.1	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	355	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	11,530	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	10,785	...	...	93.5	...	...
Major repairs needed	745	...	...	6.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	11,530	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	7,250	...	...	62.9	...	...
Two-maintainer household	4,130	...	...	35.8	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	145	...	...	1.3	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	11,530	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	835	...	...	7.2	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,865	...	...	16.2	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,810	...	...	15.7	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,580	...	...	13.7	...	...
55 to 64 years	2,185	...	...	19.0	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,770	...	...	15.4	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,165	...	...	10.1	...	...
85 years and over	320	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	11,505	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	9,860	...	...	85.7	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	1,640	...	...	14.3	...	...
30% to less than 100%	1,560	...	...	13.6	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	11,530	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	2,415	...	...	20.9	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	1,500	...	...	13.0	...	...
Not suitable only	155	...	...	1.3	...	...
Major repairs needed only	595	...	...	5.2	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	10	...	...	0.1	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	120	...	...	1.0	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	20	...	...	0.2	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	9,115	...	...	79.1	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	11,420	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	480	...	...	4.2	...	...
Not in core need	10,940	...	...	95.8	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	5,325	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	61.8	...	...	61.8	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	6.2	...	...	6.2	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.4	...	...	0.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,040	...	...	1,040	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,095	...	...	1,095	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	276,000	...	...	276,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	284,800	...	...	284,800	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	6,205	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	7.7	...	...	7.7	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	21.2	...	...	21.2	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	7.5	...	...	7.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	700	...	...	700	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	729	...	...	729	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	22,340	10,990	11,345	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	650	330	315	2.9	3.0	2.8
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	650	330	315	2.9	3.0	2.8
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	525	270	260	2.4	2.5	2.3
Métis single ancestry	115	60	55	0.5	0.5	0.5
Inuit single ancestry	10	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	815	375	440	3.6	3.4	3.9
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	815	375	440	3.6	3.4	3.9
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	675	290	380	3.0	2.6	3.3
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	135	85	55	0.6	0.8	0.5
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	20,875	10,290	10,585	93.4	93.6	93.3
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	22,335	10,995	11,340	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	21,730	10,600	11,130	97.3	96.4	98.1
Canadian citizens aged under 18	4,005	2,065	1,935	17.9	18.8	17.1
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	17,725	8,535	9,190	79.4	77.6	81.0
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	610	395	215	2.7	3.6	1.9
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	22,335	10,995	11,340	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	21,340	10,405	10,935	95.5	94.6	96.4
Immigrants⁸¹	605	330	275	2.7	3.0	2.4
Before 1980	80	35	45	0.4	0.3	0.4
1980 to 1990	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
1991 to 2000	40	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
2001 to 2010	160	95	65	0.7	0.9	0.6
2011 to 2021⁸²	305	180	130	1.4	1.6	1.1
2011 to 2015	110	60	45	0.5	0.5	0.4
2016 to 2021	200	120	85	0.9	1.1	0.7
Non-permanent residents⁸³	395	260	130	1.8	2.4	1.1
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	605	325	275	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	35	20	15	5.8	6.2	5.5
5 to 14 years	80	20	60	13.2	6.2	21.8
15 to 24 years	85	35	50	14.0	10.8	18.2
25 to 44 years	370	225	140	61.2	69.2	50.9
45 years and over	35	25	10	5.8	7.7	3.6
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	605	325	275	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	115	50	65	19.0	15.4	23.6
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	10	0	10	1.7	0.0	3.6
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	10	0	10	1.7	0.0	3.6
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	15	0	15	2.5	0.0	5.5
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	15	10	10	2.5	3.1	3.6
Other places of birth in Americas	50	25	25	8.3	7.7	9.1
Europe	125	75	50	20.7	23.1	18.2
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	75	50	25	12.4	15.4	9.1
Germany	20	15	10	3.3	4.6	3.6
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portugal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	10	0	10	1.7	0.0	3.6
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	295	170	130	48.8	52.3	47.3
Algeria	40	25	15	6.6	7.7	5.5
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	15	10	0	2.5	3.1	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	65	35	25	10.7	10.8	9.1
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	180	95	85	29.8	29.2	30.9
Asia	70	30	40	11.6	9.2	14.5
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	45	20	30	7.4	6.2	10.9
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	10	0	0	1.7	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	200	120	85	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	30	10	20	15.0	8.3	23.5
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	10	0	10	5.0	0.0	11.8
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	20	10	10	10.0	8.3	11.8
Europe	35	25	0	17.5	20.8	0.0
France	25	20	0	12.5	16.7	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	130	75	50	65.0	62.5	58.8
Algeria	10	10	0	5.0	8.3	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	60	25	35	30.0	20.8	41.2
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	20	10	10	10.0	8.3	11.8
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	30	30	0	15.0	25.0	0.0
Asia	15	10	0	7.5	8.3	0.0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	22,340	10,995	11,345	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	1,045	610	435	4.7	5.5	3.8
Second generation¹⁰¹	725	405	320	3.2	3.7	2.8
Third generation or more¹⁰²	20,565	9,975	10,590	92.1	90.7	93.3
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	525	290	230	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	370	215	155	70.5	74.1	67.4
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	215	170	40	41.0	58.6	17.4
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	155	40	115	29.5	13.8	50.0
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	150	75	75	28.6	25.9	32.6
Refugees¹⁰⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	525	290	230	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	75	45	35	14.3	15.5	15.2
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	15	10	10	2.9	3.4	4.3
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	90	70	20	17.1	24.1	8.7
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	10	0	0	1.9	0.0	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	325	160	165	61.9	55.2	71.7
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	22,340	10,995	11,345	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	890	490	390	4.0	4.5	3.4
South Asian	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Chinese	45	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Black	330	185	145	1.5	1.7	1.3
Filipino	50	45	10	0.2	0.4	0.1
Arab	260	150	110	1.2	1.4	1.0
Latin American	120	40	75	0.5	0.4	0.7
Southeast Asian	30	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
West Asian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple visible minorities	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	21,450	10,505	10,950	96.0	95.5	96.5
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	22,335	10,995	11,345	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	8,030	3,860	4,170	36.0	35.1	36.8
English	385	170	210	1.7	1.5	1.9
Irish	950	450	500	4.3	4.1	4.4
Scottish	360	180	180	1.6	1.6	1.6
French, n.o.s.¹²²	6,425	3,360	3,070	28.8	30.6	27.1
German	295	160	130	1.3	1.5	1.1
Chinese	55	30	30	0.2	0.3	0.3
Italian	195	120	80	0.9	1.1	0.7
Indian (India)	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	60	55	10	0.3	0.5	0.1
Dutch	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Polish	125	100	25	0.6	0.9	0.2
Québécois	3,130	1,430	1,700	14.0	13.0	15.0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	65	35	35	0.3	0.3	0.3
Filipino	45	35	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
French Canadian	2,010	930	1,075	9.0	8.5	9.5
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	465	245	215	2.1	2.2	1.9
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	435	180	255	1.9	1.6	2.2
Métis	255	140	110	1.1	1.3	1.0
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	330	170	165	1.5	1.5	1.5
Russian	50	15	40	0.2	0.1	0.4
Norwegian	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Welsh	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Portuguese	55	30	25	0.2	0.3	0.2
American	115	65	40	0.5	0.6	0.4
Spanish	70	50	20	0.3	0.5	0.2
Swedish	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hungarian	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Acadian	130	35	90	0.6	0.3	0.8
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	145	65	80	0.6	0.6	0.7
Jewish	45	30	15	0.2	0.3	0.1
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	70	45	25	0.3	0.4	0.2
Greek	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Jamaican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	45	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanese	55	20	30	0.2	0.2	0.3
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	180	85	95	0.8	0.8	0.8
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	215	105	105	1.0	1.0	0.9
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Belgian	65	20	45	0.3	0.2	0.4
Haitian	40	15	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	55	25	30	0.2	0.2	0.3
Mennonite	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	30	25	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Finnish	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	80	35	45	0.4	0.3	0.4
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Egyptian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombian	35	0	25	0.2	0.0	0.2
Moroccan	150	90	60	0.7	0.8	0.5
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	40	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	75	40	35	0.3	0.4	0.3
Brazilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	195	105	85	0.9	1.0	0.7
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	25	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Congolese	15	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	45	35	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	20	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	70	30	40	0.3	0.3	0.4
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	40	25	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	85	25	60	0.4	0.2	0.5
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	30	25	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	25	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	30	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	25	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	45	20	30	0.2	0.2	0.3
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	90	60	30	0.4	0.5	0.3
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	45	30	25	0.2	0.3	0.2
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	25	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	20	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	35	20	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	25	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	22,340	10,995	11,345	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian	14,565	6,805	7,760	65.2	61.9	68.4
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	915	465	445	4.1	4.2	3.9
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baptist	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Catholic	13,360	6,190	7,165	59.8	56.3	63.2
Christian Orthodox	30	25	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Jehovah's Witness	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lutheran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	40	25	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	115	50	55	0.5	0.5	0.5
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	315	170	140	1.4	1.5	1.2
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	35	20	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
No religion and secular perspectives	7,410	3,985	3,425	33.2	36.2	30.2
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	22,105	10,875	11,230	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	18,990	9,375	9,615	85.9	86.2	85.6
Movers	3,115	1,500	1,615	14.1	13.8	14.4
Non-migrants	2,380	1,125	1,250	10.8	10.3	11.1
Migrants	735	370	360	3.3	3.4	3.2
Internal migrants	655	335	320	3.0	3.1	2.8
Intraprovincial migrants	635	330	300	2.9	3.0	2.7
Interprovincial migrants	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
External migrants	85	40	45	0.4	0.4	0.4
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	21,225	10,405	10,820	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	11,640	5,575	6,065	54.8	53.6	56.1
Movers	9,585	4,825	4,755	45.2	46.4	43.9
Non-migrants	6,610	3,280	3,330	31.1	31.5	30.8
Migrants	2,975	1,545	1,430	14.0	14.8	13.2
Internal migrants	2,565	1,280	1,285	12.1	12.3	11.9
Intraprovincial migrants	2,420	1,210	1,215	11.4	11.6	11.2
Interprovincial migrants	150	75	75	0.7	0.7	0.7
External migrants	410	265	145	1.9	2.5	1.3
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	18,930	9,280	9,655	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	4,575	2,470	2,105	24.2	26.6	21.8
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	14,355	6,805	7,550	75.8	73.3	78.2
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	11,675	5,915	5,755	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,975	1,170	805	16.9	19.8	14.0
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	9,695	4,750	4,945	83.0	80.3	85.9
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	18,935	9,275	9,655	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	4,030	2,050	1,985	21.3	22.1	20.6
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	3,970	1,790	2,185	21.0	19.3	22.6
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	10,930	5,440	5,490	57.7	58.7	56.9
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	7,430	3,905	3,525	39.2	42.1	36.5
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	3,490	2,175	1,310	18.4	23.5	13.6
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	2,630	1,480	1,150	13.9	16.0	11.9
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	860	695	160	4.5	7.5	1.7
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	3,265	1,475	1,785	17.2	15.9	18.5
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	685	260	425	3.6	2.8	4.4
Bachelor's degree or higher	3,495	1,535	1,960	18.5	16.5	20.3
Bachelor's degree	2,360	960	1,400	12.5	10.4	14.5
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	270	135	140	1.4	1.5	1.5
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	55	25	35	0.3	0.3	0.4
Master's degree	645	320	325	3.4	3.5	3.4
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	170	100	70	0.9	1.1	0.7
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	11,670	5,920	5,755	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,640	925	715	14.1	15.6	12.4
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,970	950	1,025	16.9	16.0	17.8
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	8,055	4,040	4,015	69.0	68.2	69.8
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	5,310	2,860	2,450	45.5	48.3	42.6
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,575	1,550	1,020	22.1	26.2	17.7
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	1,965	1,075	885	16.8	18.2	15.4
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	610	480	130	5.2	8.1	2.3
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	2,275	1,105	1,170	19.5	18.7	20.3
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	465	200	265	4.0	3.4	4.6
Bachelor's degree or higher	2,740	1,180	1,560	23.5	19.9	27.1
Bachelor's degree	1,780	710	1,065	15.3	12.0	18.5
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	220	105	115	1.9	1.8	2.0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	35	10	25	0.3	0.2	0.4
Master's degree	555	260	295	4.8	4.4	5.1
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	150	90	60	1.3	1.5	1.0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	18,935	9,280	9,655	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	8,000	3,840	4,165	42.2	41.4	43.1
Education	965	210	755	5.1	2.3	7.8
13. Education	965	210	755	5.1	2.3	7.8
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	375	170	200	2.0	1.8	2.1
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	40	25	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
50. Visual and performing arts	335	145	190	1.8	1.6	2.0
Humanities	455	200	255	2.4	2.2	2.6
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	25	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	310	140	170	1.6	1.5	1.8
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	20	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
54. History	30	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	50	10	40	0.3	0.1	0.4
Social and behavioural sciences and law	700	175	520	3.7	1.9	5.4
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	125	50	75	0.7	0.5	0.8
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	150	10	145	0.8	0.1	1.5
22. Legal professions and studies	65	25	45	0.3	0.3	0.5
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
42. Psychology	155	20	135	0.8	0.2	1.4
45. Social sciences	160	60	100	0.8	0.6	1.0
Business, management and public administration	2,500	800	1,700	13.2	8.6	17.6
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	275	50	225	1.5	0.5	2.3
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,225	750	1,475	11.8	8.1	15.3
Physical and life sciences and technologies	405	240	165	2.1	2.6	1.7
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	85	45	40	0.4	0.5	0.4
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	55	30	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	75	30	45	0.4	0.3	0.5
40. Physical sciences	170	125	40	0.9	1.3	0.4
41. Science technologies/technicians	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	210	130	75	1.1	1.4	0.8
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	160	110	50	0.8	1.2	0.5
25. Library science	30	0	25	0.2	0.0	0.3
27. Mathematics and statistics	20	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	3,010	2,685	325	15.9	28.9	3.4
04. Architecture and related services	60	25	35	0.3	0.3	0.4
14. Engineering	420	360	55	2.2	3.9	0.6
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	1,015	855	155	5.4	9.2	1.6
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	630	600	30	3.3	6.5	0.3
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	585	540	50	3.1	5.8	0.5
48. Precision production	305	305	0	1.6	3.3	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	300	160	135	1.6	1.7	1.4
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	80	30	55	0.4	0.3	0.6
03. Natural resources and conservation	215	135	85	1.1	1.5	0.9
Health and related fields	1,115	215	895	5.9	2.3	9.3
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	70	45	25	0.4	0.5	0.3
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,005	155	850	5.3	1.7	8.8
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Personal, protective and transportation services	900	445	450	4.8	4.8	4.7
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	450	90	360	2.4	1.0	3.7
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	185	125	65	1.0	1.3	0.7
49. Transportation and materials moving	255	225	25	1.3	2.4	0.3
Other¹⁷⁹	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	11,675	5,920	5,755	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	3,615	1,880	1,735	31.0	31.8	30.1
Education	605	140	460	5.2	2.4	8.0
13. Education	605	140	460	5.2	2.4	8.0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	290	125	170	2.5	2.1	3.0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	30	15	10	0.3	0.3	0.2
50. Visual and performing arts	265	110	160	2.3	1.9	2.8
Humanities	285	135	155	2.4	2.3	2.7
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	25	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	195	105	90	1.7	1.8	1.6
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
54. History	25	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	30	0	25	0.3	0.0	0.4
Social and behavioural sciences and law	535	125	410	4.6	2.1	7.1
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	95	35	60	0.8	0.6	1.0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	100	10	95	0.9	0.2	1.7
22. Legal professions and studies	55	20	35	0.5	0.3	0.6
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	30	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
42. Psychology	125	10	110	1.1	0.2	1.9
45. Social sciences	125	45	80	1.1	0.8	1.4
Business, management and public administration	1,870	575	1,295	16.0	9.7	22.5
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	220	45	175	1.9	0.8	3.0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,650	530	1,120	14.1	9.0	19.5
Physical and life sciences and technologies	285	180	105	2.4	3.0	1.8
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	80	35	40	0.7	0.6	0.7
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	35	20	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
40. Physical sciences	145	100	35	1.2	1.7	0.6
41. Science technologies/technicians	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	155	105	50	1.3	1.8	0.9
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	130	95	35	1.1	1.6	0.6
25. Library science	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	2,320	2,045	275	19.9	34.5	4.8
04. Architecture and related services	55	20	35	0.5	0.3	0.6
14. Engineering	385	330	50	3.3	5.6	0.9
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	750	620	130	6.4	10.5	2.3
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	470	450	20	4.0	7.6	0.3
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	445	405	40	3.8	6.8	0.7
48. Precision production	220	220	0	1.9	3.7	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	230	115	110	2.0	1.9	1.9
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	65	30	40	0.6	0.5	0.7
03. Natural resources and conservation	160	95	75	1.4	1.6	1.3
Health and related fields	800	155	655	6.9	2.6	11.4
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	50	25	25	0.4	0.4	0.4
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	730	115	615	6.3	1.9	10.7
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	25	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
Personal, protective and transportation services	655	340	315	5.6	5.7	5.5
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	325	60	265	2.8	1.0	4.6
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	130	105	30	1.1	1.8	0.5
49. Transportation and materials moving	185	165	25	1.6	2.8	0.4
Other¹⁷⁹	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	11,675	5,920	5,755	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,615	1,880	1,735	31.0	31.8	30.1
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	8,060	4,040	4,015	69.0	68.2	69.8
Location of study inside Canada	7,705	3,800	3,915	66.0	64.2	68.0
Same as province or territory of residence	7,470	3,670	3,795	64.0	62.0	65.9
Different than province or territory of residence	240	125	115	2.1	2.1	2.0
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	350	245	100	3.0	4.1	1.7
Americas	45	30	10	0.4	0.5	0.2
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	20	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Europe	110	80	30	0.9	1.4	0.5
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	95	65	25	0.8	1.1	0.4
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Africa	115	80	40	1.0	1.4	0.7
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	25	15	15	0.2	0.3	0.3
Morocco	30	15	10	0.3	0.3	0.2
Tunisia	20	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	40	30	10	0.3	0.5	0.2
Asia	75	60	15	0.6	1.0	0.3
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	30	15	10	0.3	0.3	0.2
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	35	35	0	0.3	0.6	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	18,935	9,275	9,655	...	...	...
In the labour force	11,940	6,225	5,715	...	...	...
Employed	11,395	5,925	5,470	...	...	...
Unemployed	550	305	245	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	6,990	3,050	3,940	...	...	...
Participation rate	63.1	67.1	59.2	63.1	67.1	59.2
Employment rate	60.2	63.9	56.7	60.2	63.9	56.7
Unemployment rate	4.6	4.9	4.3	4.6	4.9	4.3
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	18,935	9,280	9,655	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	6,695	2,850	3,850	35.4	30.7	39.9
Worked	12,240	6,430	5,810	64.6	69.3	60.2
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	6,320	3,445	2,870	33.4	37.1	29.7
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	5,925	2,985	2,935	31.3	32.2	30.4
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.3	41.4	41.1	41.3	41.4	41.1
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	11,945	6,230	5,720	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	135	60	80	1.1	1.0	1.4
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	11,805	6,165	5,640	98.8	99.0	98.6
Employee	10,850	5,685	5,165	90.8	91.3	90.3
Permanent position	9,035	4,770	4,265	75.6	76.6	74.6
Temporary position	1,815	910	900	15.2	14.6	15.7
Fixed term (1 year or more)	625	295	325	5.2	4.7	5.7
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	1,195	615	575	10.0	9.9	10.1
Self-employed¹⁹²	955	485	470	8.0	7.8	8.2
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	11,945	6,230	5,720	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	135	60	80	1.1	1.0	1.4
All occupations¹⁹¹	11,805	6,165	5,640	98.8	99.0	98.6
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	155	105	45	1.3	1.7	0.8
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,905	555	1,345	15.9	8.9	23.5
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	925	685	240	7.7	11.0	4.2
3 Health occupations	920	160	755	7.7	2.6	13.2
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,465	435	1,025	12.3	7.0	17.9
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	330	170	160	2.8	2.7	2.8
6 Sales and service occupations	3,210	1,405	1,800	26.9	22.6	31.5
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,170	1,975	195	18.2	31.7	3.4
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	440	405	30	3.7	6.5	0.5
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	305	265	35	2.6	4.3	0.6
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	11,945	6,230	5,720	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	135	60	80	1.1	1.0	1.4
All industries¹⁹¹	11,805	6,165	5,640	98.8	99.0	98.6
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	75	35	35	0.6	0.6	0.6
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	1,045	860	185	8.7	13.8	3.2
22 Utilities	280	195	85	2.3	3.1	1.5
23 Construction	910	780	135	7.6	12.5	2.4
31-33 Manufacturing	710	565	140	5.9	9.1	2.4
41 Wholesale trade	345	260	85	2.9	4.2	1.5
44-45 Retail trade	1,555	715	840	13.0	11.5	14.7
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	380	275	105	3.2	4.4	1.8
51 Information and cultural industries	130	65	60	1.1	1.0	1.0
52 Finance and insurance	215	95	120	1.8	1.5	2.1
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	100	65	35	0.8	1.0	0.6
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	600	305	295	5.0	4.9	5.2
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	525	295	225	4.4	4.7	3.9
61 Educational services	1,050	360	695	8.8	5.8	12.2
62 Health care and social assistance	1,610	270	1,340	13.5	4.3	23.4
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	135	60	70	1.1	1.0	1.2
72 Accommodation and food services	805	355	450	6.7	5.7	7.9
81 Other services (except public administration)	530	265	260	4.4	4.3	4.5
91 Public administration	795	350	455	6.7	5.6	8.0
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	12,935	6,780	6,155	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	155	115	40	1.2	1.7	0.6
French	10,760	5,470	5,285	83.2	80.7	85.9
Non-official language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	1,980	1,160	820	15.3	17.1	13.3
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	30	20	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	12,935	6,780	6,155	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	12,715	6,650	6,065	98.3	98.1	98.5
Official languages	12,705	6,640	6,065	98.2	97.9	98.5
English	330	235	95	2.6	3.5	1.5
French	12,370	6,400	5,970	95.6	94.4	97.0
Non-official languages	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	220	130	95	1.7	1.9	1.5
English and French	215	130	85	1.7	1.9	1.4
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	12,935	6,780	6,155	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	11,120	5,705	5,410	86.0	84.1	87.9
English	1,620	930	685	12.5	13.7	11.1
French	175	120	50	1.4	1.8	0.8
Non-official language	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	11,395	5,925	5,470	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	1,305	580	720	11.5	9.8	13.2
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No fixed workplace address	1,270	920	345	11.1	15.5	6.3
Usual place of work	8,815	4,415	4,400	77.4	74.5	80.4
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	8,810	4,415	4,400	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	7,800	3,680	4,120	88.5	83.4	93.6
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	890	640	255	10.1	14.5	5.8
Commute to a different province or territory	130	100	30	1.5	2.3	0.7
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	10,085	5,335	4,750	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	8,010	4,340	3,670	79.4	81.3	77.3
Car, truck or van - as a driver	7,305	4,025	3,285	72.4	75.4	69.2
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	705	315	390	7.0	5.9	8.2
Public transit	170	65	105	1.7	1.2	2.2
Walked	1,425	580	845	14.1	10.9	17.8
Bicycle	120	105	15	1.2	2.0	0.3
Other method	360	250	115	3.6	4.7	2.4
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	10,085	5,335	4,750	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	6,790	3,265	3,525	67.3	61.2	74.2
15 to 29 minutes	1,850	1,000	850	18.3	18.7	17.9
30 to 44 minutes	630	415	220	6.2	7.8	4.6
45 to 59 minutes	190	150	45	1.9	2.8	0.9
60 minutes and over	620	510	110	6.1	9.6	2.3
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	10,085	5,335	4,750	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	790	695	95	7.8	13.0	2.0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,285	910	385	12.7	17.1	8.1
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	2,985	1,385	1,595	29.6	26.0	33.6
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	2,415	950	1,470	23.9	17.8	30.9
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	990	455	535	9.8	8.5	11.3
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,615	945	675	16.0	17.7	14.2
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	4,070	2,035	2,035	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	305	145	165	7.5	7.1	8.1
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	3,765	1,895	1,870	92.5	93.1	91.9
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	2,930	1,460	1,475	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	245	120	120	8.4	8.2	8.1
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	160	80	80	5.5	5.5	5.4
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	85	40	45	2.9	2.7	3.1
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,685	1,335	1,350	91.6	91.4	91.5

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
^r
revised

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 18, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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