Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Rouville, Municipalité régionale de comté (MRC)More information: Quebec [Census division]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	37,889	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	36,536	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	3.7	...	...	3.7	...	...
Total private dwellings²	16,199	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	15,755	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	78.5	...	...	78.5	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	482.80	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	37,890	19,075	18,815	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	7,060	3,550	3,505	18.6	18.6	18.6
0 to 4 years	2,170	1,100	1,070	5.7	5.8	5.7
5 to 9 years	2,430	1,210	1,220	6.4	6.3	6.5
10 to 14 years	2,455	1,235	1,215	6.5	6.5	6.5
15 to 64 years	23,630	12,020	11,615	62.4	63.0	61.7
15 to 19 years	1,925	1,005	920	5.1	5.3	4.9
20 to 24 years	1,580	810	775	4.2	4.2	4.1
25 to 29 years	2,185	1,100	1,080	5.8	5.8	5.7
30 to 34 years	2,535	1,260	1,280	6.7	6.6	6.8
35 to 39 years	2,510	1,270	1,240	6.6	6.7	6.6
40 to 44 years	2,755	1,425	1,330	7.3	7.5	7.1
45 to 49 years	2,130	1,125	1,010	5.6	5.9	5.4
50 to 54 years	2,260	1,120	1,140	6.0	5.9	6.1
55 to 59 years	2,875	1,420	1,460	7.6	7.4	7.8
60 to 64 years	2,870	1,495	1,380	7.6	7.8	7.3
65 years and over	7,205	3,505	3,695	19.0	18.4	19.6
65 to 69 years	2,310	1,145	1,165	6.1	6.0	6.2
70 to 74 years	1,930	945	985	5.1	5.0	5.2
75 to 79 years	1,380	720	665	3.6	3.8	3.5
80 to 84 years	790	370	425	2.1	1.9	2.3
85 years and over	795	335	455	2.1	1.8	2.4
85 to 89 years	470	225	245	1.2	1.2	1.3
90 to 94 years	245	90	155	0.6	0.5	0.8
95 to 99 years	65	20	45	0.2	0.1	0.2
100 years and over	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	18.6	18.6	18.6	18.6	18.6	18.6
15 to 64 years	62.4	63.0	61.7	62.4	63.0	61.7
65 years and over	19.0	18.4	19.6	19.0	18.4	19.6
85 years and over	2.1	1.8	2.4	2.1	1.8	2.4
Average age of the population	41.7	41.4	42.0	41.7	41.4	42.0
Median age of the population	42.0	42.0	42.0	42.0	42.0	42.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	15,755	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	9,465	...	...	60.1	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,105	...	...	7.0	...	...
Row house	345	...	...	2.2	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	905	...	...	5.7	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	3,485	...	...	22.1	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Other single-attached house	95	...	...	0.6	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	355	...	...	2.3	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	15,755	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	4,560	...	...	28.9	...	...
2 persons	5,890	...	...	37.4	...	...
3 persons	2,215	...	...	14.1	...	...
4 persons	1,985	...	...	12.6	...	...
5 or more persons	1,105	...	...	7.0	...	...
Number of persons in private households	36,955	18,685	18,275	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.4	...	...	2.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	30,835	15,525	15,305	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	18,780	9,395	9,380	60.9	60.5	61.3
Married	8,910	4,495	4,415	28.9	29.0	28.8
Living common-law	9,865	4,900	4,965	32.0	31.6	32.4
Living common law - Never married	7,985	3,955	4,030	25.9	25.5	26.3
Living common law - Separated	95	40	50	0.3	0.3	0.3
Living common law - Divorced	1,600	810	790	5.2	5.2	5.2
Living common law - Widowed	185	85	95	0.6	0.5	0.6
Not married and not living common-law	12,055	6,130	5,925	39.1	39.5	38.7
Not married and not living common law - Never married	8,270	4,670	3,600	26.8	30.1	23.5
Not married and not living common law - Separated	360	165	195	1.2	1.1	1.3
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	1,965	905	1,065	6.4	5.8	7.0
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	1,455	390	1,070	4.7	2.5	7.0
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	10,875	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	5,905	...	...	54.3	...	...
3 persons	2,120	...	...	19.5	...	...
4 persons	1,935	...	...	17.8	...	...
5 or more persons	915	...	...	8.4	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	10,875	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	9,200	...	...	84.6	...	...
Married couples	4,265	...	...	39.2	...	...
With children⁶	1,555	...	...	14.3	...	...
Without children	2,710	...	...	24.9	...	...
Common-law couples	4,935	...	...	45.4	...	...
With children⁶	2,695	...	...	24.8	...	...
Without children	2,235	...	...	20.6	...	...
Total one-parent families	1,675	...	...	15.4	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	1,135	...	...	10.4	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	550	...	...	5.1	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	36,955	18,685	18,275	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	30,775	15,300	15,475	83.3	81.9	84.7
Married spouses or common-law partners	18,395	9,145	9,250	49.8	48.9	50.6
Parents in one-parent families	1,675	545	1,130	4.5	2.9	6.2
Children⁶	10,705	5,610	5,095	29.0	30.0	27.9
In a two-parent family	8,060	4,185	3,880	21.8	22.4	21.2
In a one-parent family	2,640	1,430	1,215	7.1	7.7	6.6
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	6,175	3,380	2,800	16.7	18.1	15.3
Living alone	4,560	2,460	2,100	12.3	13.2	11.5
Living with other relatives⁷	630	300	325	1.7	1.6	1.8
Living with non-relatives only	990	615	370	2.7	3.3	2.0
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	15,755	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	10,135	...	...	64.3	...	...
Couple-family households	8,660	...	...	55.0	...	...
With children⁶	4,005	...	...	25.4	...	...
Without children	4,650	...	...	29.5	...	...
One-parent-family households	1,470	...	...	9.3	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	220	...	...	1.4	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	50	...	...	0.3	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	340	...	...	2.2	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	460	...	...	2.9	...	...
One-person households	4,560	...	...	28.9	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	29,910	15,140	14,765	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	29,370	14,850	14,515	98.2	98.1	98.3
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,200	48,800	38,400	43,200	48,800	38,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	29,380	14,855	14,525	98.2	98.1	98.4
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,000	41,600	34,400	38,000	41,600	34,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	27,190	14,015	13,175	90.9	92.6	89.2
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,200	42,800	28,400	35,200	42,800	28,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	22,670	12,025	10,640	75.8	79.4	72.1
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,000	44,400	32,400	38,000	44,400	32,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	24,165	11,635	12,530	80.8	76.8	84.9
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,700	9,100	12,000	10,700	9,100	12,000
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,235	2,240	1,995	14.2	14.8	13.5
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,480	5,200	5,720	5,480	5,200	5,720
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	8,620	4,520	4,100	28.8	29.9	27.8
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	6,000	7,000	6,000	6,000	7,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	29,910	15,120	14,790	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	29,410	14,840	14,565	98.3	98.1	98.5
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	49,000	54,650	43,240	49,000	54,650	43,240
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	29,425	14,850	14,575	98.4	98.2	98.5
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,800	44,440	37,080	40,800	44,440	37,080
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	27,265	13,935	13,335	91.2	92.2	90.2
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,160	49,120	34,920	42,160	49,120	34,920
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	22,670	11,955	10,715	75.8	79.1	72.4
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,160	48,280	37,400	43,160	48,280	37,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	24,200	11,670	12,535	80.9	77.2	84.8
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,020	10,850	13,100	12,020	10,850	13,100
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,145	2,185	1,960	13.9	14.5	13.3
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,690	5,770	7,720	6,690	5,770	7,720
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	8,415	4,365	4,055	28.1	28.9	27.4
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,250	6,790	7,740	7,250	6,790	7,740
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	29,910	15,115	14,795	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	11,435	6,305	5,130	38.2	41.7	34.7
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	54,400	59,200	49,600	54,400	59,200	49,600
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	60,400	65,000	54,700	60,400	65,000	54,700
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	8,855	4,220	4,630	29.6	27.9	31.3
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	20,600	26,400	17,200	20,600	26,400	17,200
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	28,600	34,600	23,120	28,600	34,600	23,120
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	79.8	84.4	74.0	79.8	84.4	74.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	67.8	71.2	63.6	67.8	71.2	63.6
Government transfers (%)²⁰	20.2	15.6	26.1	20.2	15.6	26.1
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.9	1.6	2.4	1.9	1.6	2.4
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.0	4.2	6.0	5.0	4.2	6.0
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.2	3.7	5.0	4.2	3.7	5.0
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	29,905	15,140	14,770	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	540	290	250	1.8	1.9	1.7
With total income	29,365	14,850	14,520	98.2	98.1	98.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,705	700	1,010	5.8	4.7	7.0
$10,000 to $19,999	3,235	1,230	2,000	11.0	8.3	13.8
$20,000 to $29,999	4,415	1,995	2,425	15.0	13.4	16.7
$30,000 to $39,999	4,020	1,815	2,205	13.7	12.2	15.2
$40,000 to $49,999	3,930	1,975	1,955	13.4	13.3	13.5
$50,000 to $59,999	3,585	1,830	1,760	12.2	12.3	12.1
$60,000 to $69,999	2,665	1,555	1,105	9.1	10.5	7.6
$70,000 to $79,999	1,920	1,205	715	6.5	8.1	4.9
$80,000 to $89,999	1,325	825	505	4.5	5.6	3.5
$90,000 to $99,999	800	505	295	2.7	3.4	2.0
$100,000 and over	1,775	1,225	550	6.0	8.2	3.8
$100,000 to $149,999	1,355	915	445	4.6	6.2	3.1
$150,000 and over	415	310	105	1.4	2.1	0.7
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	29,905	15,140	14,770	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	530	280	245	1.8	1.8	1.7
With after-tax income	29,380	14,855	14,520	98.2	98.1	98.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,845	745	1,100	6.3	5.0	7.6
$10,000 to $19,999	3,435	1,350	2,085	11.7	9.1	14.4
$20,000 to $29,999	5,335	2,385	2,950	18.2	16.1	20.3
$30,000 to $39,999	5,010	2,465	2,545	17.1	16.6	17.5
$40,000 to $49,999	5,085	2,725	2,365	17.3	18.3	16.3
$50,000 to $59,999	3,660	2,100	1,565	12.5	14.1	10.8
$60,000 to $69,999	2,245	1,335	905	7.6	9.0	6.2
$70,000 to $79,999	1,170	700	470	4.0	4.7	3.2
$80,000 to $89,999	610	370	240	2.1	2.5	1.7
$90,000 to $99,999	355	245	105	1.2	1.6	0.7
$100,000 and over	620	435	185	2.1	2.9	1.3
$100,000 to $124,999	360	240	115	1.2	1.6	0.8
$125,000 and over	265	190	70	0.9	1.3	0.5
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	29,905	15,140	14,770	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	7,240	3,110	4,130	24.2	20.5	28.0
With employment income	22,670	12,025	10,645	75.8	79.4	72.1
Under $5,000 (including loss)	2,640	1,415	1,225	11.6	11.8	11.5
$5,000 to $9,999	1,600	680	920	7.1	5.7	8.6
$10,000 to $19,999	2,785	1,260	1,525	12.3	10.5	14.3
$20,000 to $29,999	2,345	1,025	1,320	10.3	8.5	12.4
$30,000 to $39,999	2,465	1,110	1,360	10.9	9.2	12.8
$40,000 to $49,999	2,520	1,270	1,255	11.1	10.6	11.8
$50,000 to $59,999	2,355	1,335	1,020	10.4	11.1	9.6
$60,000 to $69,999	1,860	1,190	670	8.2	9.9	6.3
$70,000 to $79,999	1,335	895	435	5.9	7.4	4.1
$80,000 to $89,999	955	580	375	4.2	4.8	3.5
$90,000 to $99,999	550	375	180	2.4	3.1	1.7
$100,000 and over	1,250	885	370	5.5	7.4	3.5
$100,000 to $124,999	705	485	225	3.1	4.0	2.1
$125,000 and over	545	395	150	2.4	3.3	1.4
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	29,910	15,140	14,765	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	28,915	14,620	14,295	96.7	96.6	96.8
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,200	47,200	35,600	41,200	47,200	35,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	28,930	14,620	14,310	96.7	96.6	96.9
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,400	40,400	32,400	36,400	40,400	32,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	26,740	13,795	12,940	89.4	91.1	87.6
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,800	44,400	30,200	36,800	44,400	30,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	22,680	11,965	10,720	75.8	79.0	72.6
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,800	45,600	33,200	38,800	45,600	33,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	21,570	10,090	11,480	72.1	66.6	77.8
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,000	5,800	9,200	8,000	5,800	9,200
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	3,870	2,080	1,790	12.9	13.7	12.1
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,520	4,160	5,000	4,520	4,160	5,000
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	29,910	15,120	14,790	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	28,910	14,610	14,300	96.7	96.6	96.7
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	47,200	53,950	40,280	47,200	53,950	40,280
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	28,925	14,610	14,315	96.7	96.6	96.8
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,960	43,320	34,480	38,960	43,320	34,480
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	26,780	13,770	13,010	89.5	91.1	88.0
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	43,280	51,040	35,080	43,280	51,040	35,080
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	22,645	11,905	10,740	75.7	78.7	72.6
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	43,720	50,080	36,720	43,720	50,080	36,720
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	21,505	10,070	11,435	71.9	66.6	77.3
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,540	8,490	10,450	9,540	8,490	10,450
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	3,780	1,980	1,800	12.6	13.1	12.2
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,420	4,956	8,020	6,420	4,956	8,020
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	29,910	15,115	14,795	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	11,365	6,260	5,105	38.0	41.4	34.5
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	51,600	57,600	44,000	51,600	57,600	44,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	57,600	64,000	49,680	57,600	64,000	49,680
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	8,390	4,040	4,345	28.1	26.7	29.4
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	27,200	35,600	22,400	27,200	35,600	22,400
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	34,000	41,160	27,360	34,000	41,160	27,360
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	85.0	89.2	79.2	85.0	89.2	79.2
Employment income (%)	72.6	75.6	68.6	72.6	75.6	68.6
Government transfers (%)	15.0	10.8	20.8	15.0	10.8	20.8
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.8	1.2	2.5	1.8	1.2	2.5
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	15,755	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	78,000	...	...	78,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	67,500	...	...	67,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	4,560	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	40,800	...	...	40,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	36,000	...	...	36,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	11,195	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	99,000	...	...	99,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	84,000	...	...	84,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	15,755	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	91,500	...	...	91,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	76,200	...	...	76,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	4,550	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	47,760	...	...	47,760	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	39,920	...	...	39,920	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	11,205	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	109,200	...	...	109,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	90,900	...	...	90,900	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	15,755	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	75	...	...	0.5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	60	...	...	0.4	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	130	...	...	0.8	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	200	...	...	1.3	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	675	...	...	4.3	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	510	...	...	3.2	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	530	...	...	3.4	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	670	...	...	4.3	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	695	...	...	4.4	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	680	...	...	4.3	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,415	...	...	9.0	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,280	...	...	8.1	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,140	...	...	7.2	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,040	...	...	6.6	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	970	...	...	6.2	...	...
$100,000 and over	5,685	...	...	36.1	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,060	...	...	13.1	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,420	...	...	9.0	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,445	...	...	9.2	...	...
$200,000 and over	755	...	...	4.8	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	15,755	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	100	...	...	0.6	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	60	...	...	0.4	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	135	...	...	0.9	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	220	...	...	1.4	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	720	...	...	4.6	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	670	...	...	4.3	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	660	...	...	4.2	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	795	...	...	5.0	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	870	...	...	5.5	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	925	...	...	5.9	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,630	...	...	10.3	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,425	...	...	9.0	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,270	...	...	8.1	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,245	...	...	7.9	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,065	...	...	6.8	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,965	...	...	25.2	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,955	...	...	12.4	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,050	...	...	6.7	...	...
$150,000 and over	960	...	...	6.1	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	10,860	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	99,000	...	...	99,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	84,000	...	...	84,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	4,705	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	84,000	...	...	84,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	72,000	...	...	72,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	4,270	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	128,000	...	...	128,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	107,000	...	...	107,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,625	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	68,500	...	...	68,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	60,800	...	...	60,800	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	5,550	3,080	2,470	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	39,600	42,400	36,000	39,600	42,400	36,000
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	34,800	36,800	32,400	34,800	36,800	32,400
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	10,830	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	109,300	...	...	109,300	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	90,900	...	...	90,900	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	4,725	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	94,600	...	...	94,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	78,300	...	...	78,300	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	4,265	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	139,600	...	...	139,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	115,100	...	...	115,100	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,640	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	74,100	...	...	74,100	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	64,600	...	...	64,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	5,635	3,240	2,395	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	45,520	48,600	41,360	45,520	48,600	41,360
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	38,240	40,000	35,840	38,240	40,000	35,840
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	36,960	18,680	18,275	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	8,255	4,170	4,080	22.3	22.3	22.3
0 to 5 years	2,635	1,330	1,305	7.1	7.1	7.1
18 to 64 years	22,295	11,315	10,985	60.3	60.6	60.1
65 years and over	6,405	3,200	3,205	17.3	17.1	17.5
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	3,095	1,485	1,605	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	575	300	275	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	170	90	80	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	1,415	735	680	...	...	...
65 years and over	1,105	450	650	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	8.4	8.0	8.8	8.4	8.0	8.8
0 to 17 years (%)	7.0	7.2	6.8	7.0	7.2	6.8
0 to 5 years (%)	6.3	6.6	6.0	6.3	6.6	6.0
18 to 64 years (%)	6.4	6.5	6.2	6.4	6.5	6.2
65 years and over (%)	17.2	14.1	20.3	17.2	14.1	20.3
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	36,955	18,685	18,275	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	8,255	4,175	4,085	22.3	22.3	22.4
0 to 5 years	2,635	1,335	1,305	7.1	7.1	7.1
18 to 64 years	22,300	11,310	10,985	60.3	60.5	60.1
65 years and over	6,405	3,200	3,210	17.3	17.1	17.6
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	770	420	345	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	95	45	50	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	20	10	10	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	570	340	230	...	...	...
65 years and over	100	40	65	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.1	2.3	1.9	2.1	2.3	1.9
0 to 17 years (%)	1.2	1.1	1.2	1.2	1.1	1.2
0 to 5 years (%)	0.7	0.6	0.6	0.7	0.6	0.6
18 to 64 years (%)	2.6	3.0	2.1	2.6	3.0	2.1
65 years and over (%)	1.6	1.1	2.0	1.6	1.1	2.0
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	36,960	18,680	18,275	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	20,630	10,255	10,375	55.8	54.9	56.8
In bottom decile	2,495	1,255	1,245	6.8	6.7	6.8
In second decile	3,895	1,885	2,005	10.5	10.1	11.0
In third decile	4,560	2,230	2,330	12.3	11.9	12.7
In fourth decile	4,705	2,365	2,340	12.7	12.7	12.8
In fifth decile	4,970	2,520	2,450	13.4	13.5	13.4
In top half of the distribution	16,325	8,430	7,895	44.2	45.1	43.2
In sixth decile	4,450	2,275	2,175	12.0	12.2	11.9
In seventh decile	4,300	2,235	2,065	11.6	12.0	11.3
In eighth decile	3,590	1,815	1,770	9.7	9.7	9.7
In ninth decile	2,595	1,375	1,220	7.0	7.4	6.7
In top decile	1,385	725	660	3.7	3.9	3.6
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	36,955	...	...	36,955	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.269	...	...	0.269	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.386	...	...	0.386	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.233	...	...	0.233	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	37,535	18,970	18,570	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	150	80	65	0.4	0.4	0.4
French only	23,675	11,415	12,260	63.1	60.2	66.0
English and French	13,540	7,320	6,225	36.1	38.6	33.5
Neither English nor French	170	150	20	0.5	0.8	0.1
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	37,535	18,970	18,570	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	815	420	395	2.2	2.2	2.1
French	36,315	18,270	18,045	96.7	96.3	97.2
English and French	245	135	110	0.7	0.7	0.6
Neither English nor French	165	145	20	0.4	0.8	0.1
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	37,535	18,970	18,570	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	37,100	18,735	18,360	98.8	98.8	98.9
Official languages	36,225	18,240	17,990	96.5	96.2	96.9
English	705	360	340	1.9	1.9	1.8
French	35,525	17,875	17,645	94.6	94.2	95.0
Non-official languages	870	500	370	2.3	2.6	2.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	870	500	370	2.3	2.6	2.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	80	55	30	0.2	0.3	0.2
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	80	50	30	0.2	0.3	0.2
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	80	50	30	0.2	0.3	0.2
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	15	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Vietnamese	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	15	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Haitian Creole	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	635	380	260	1.7	2.0	1.4
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	55	20	30	0.1	0.1	0.2
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	55	20	30	0.1	0.1	0.2
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	55	35	30	0.1	0.2	0.2
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	40	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
German	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	40	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	35	25	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	30	20	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Dari	25	15	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Iranian Persian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	480	300	185	1.3	1.6	1.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	30	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Portuguese	35	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Spanish	380	250	130	1.0	1.3	0.7
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	40	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages	35	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	25	5	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	440	230	205	1.2	1.2	1.1
English and French	340	180	155	0.9	0.9	0.8
English and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	75	40	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	37,535	18,970	18,570	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	440	240	200	1.2	1.3	1.1
French	34,845	17,500	17,340	92.8	92.3	93.4
Non-official language	290	205	80	0.8	1.1	0.4
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	290	205	80	0.8	1.1	0.4
English and French	1,365	710	660	3.6	3.7	3.6
English and non-official language(s)	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	375	190	185	1.0	1.0	1.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	180	100	85	0.5	0.5	0.5
Multiple non-official languages	10	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	37,535	18,970	18,570	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	37,120	18,760	18,360	98.9	98.9	98.9
Official languages	36,690	18,480	18,210	97.7	97.4	98.1
English	665	345	325	1.8	1.8	1.8
French	36,025	18,140	17,885	96.0	95.6	96.3
Non-official languages	435	280	150	1.2	1.5	0.8
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	435	280	150	1.2	1.5	0.8
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	15	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	15	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	350	235	115	0.9	1.2	0.6
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	25	15	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	20	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	20	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Dari	15	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	300	210	90	0.8	1.1	0.5
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Spanish	255	185	65	0.7	1.0	0.4
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	415	205	210	1.1	1.1	1.1
English and French	275	135	140	0.7	0.7	0.8
English and non-official language(s)	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	105	55	50	0.3	0.3	0.3
English, French and non-official language(s)	30	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	37,540	18,970	18,570	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	35,950	18,140	17,810	95.8	95.6	95.9
English	930	505	425	2.5	2.7	2.3
French	290	135	150	0.8	0.7	0.8
Non-official language	215	110	105	0.6	0.6	0.6
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	215	110	105	0.6	0.6	0.6
English and French	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and non-official language(s)	90	50	40	0.2	0.3	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	36,960	18,680	18,270	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	36,780	18,515	18,260	99.5	99.1	99.9
English	13,620	7,245	6,370	36.9	38.8	34.9
French	36,685	18,475	18,215	99.3	98.9	99.7
Non-official languages	1,915	1,010	905	5.2	5.4	5.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,915	1,010	905	5.2	5.4	5.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	150	85	70	0.4	0.5	0.4
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	150	85	70	0.4	0.5	0.4
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	150	85	70	0.4	0.5	0.4
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	45	40	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	40	40	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	20	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	80	40	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
Haitian Creole	45	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	30	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,570	820	750	4.2	4.4	4.1
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	110	60	50	0.3	0.3	0.3
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	110	60	50	0.3	0.3	0.3
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Russian	60	35	25	0.2	0.2	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	35	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	75	35	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	60	30	25	0.2	0.2	0.1
German	50	30	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	75	50	25	0.2	0.3	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	65	45	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	65	45	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Dari	50	40	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,325	670	655	3.6	3.6	3.6
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	70	35	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Portuguese	100	50	50	0.3	0.3	0.3
Romanian	105	40	65	0.3	0.2	0.4
Spanish	1,100	575	530	3.0	3.1	2.9
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	35	10	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Sign languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	36,955	18,680	18,270	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	695	375	325	1.9	2.0	1.8
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	625	335	285	1.7	1.8	1.6
First Nations (North American Indian)	365	180	185	1.0	1.0	1.0
Métis	255	150	105	0.7	0.8	0.6
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	40	15	30	0.1	0.1	0.2
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	30	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-Indigenous identity	36,260	18,310	17,950	98.1	98.0	98.2
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	36,955	18,680	18,270	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	120	70	50	0.3	0.4	0.3
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	36,840	18,615	18,225	99.7	99.7	99.8
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	15,755	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	10,930	...	...	69.4	...	...
Renter	4,825	...	...	30.6	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	15,755	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	1,040	...	...	6.6	...	...
Not condominium	14,715	...	...	93.4	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	15,755	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	45	...	...	0.3	...	...
1 bedroom	1,605	...	...	10.2	...	...
2 bedrooms	4,600	...	...	29.2	...	...
3 bedrooms	5,585	...	...	35.4	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	3,920	...	...	24.9	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	15,755	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	4,140	...	...	26.3	...	...
5 rooms	2,625	...	...	16.7	...	...
6 rooms	1,895	...	...	12.0	...	...
7 rooms	1,945	...	...	12.3	...	...
8 or more rooms	5,155	...	...	32.7	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.4	...	...	6.4	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	15,755	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	15,695	...	...	99.6	...	...
More than one person per room	60	...	...	0.4	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	15,755	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	15,465	...	...	98.2	...	...
Not suitable	290	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	15,755	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	3,055	...	...	19.4	...	...
1961 to 1980	4,420	...	...	28.1	...	...
1981 to 1990	2,160	...	...	13.7	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,540	...	...	9.8	...	...
2001 to 2005	940	...	...	6.0	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,855	...	...	11.8	...	...
2011 to 2015	925	...	...	5.9	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	845	...	...	5.4	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	15,755	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	15,005	...	...	95.2	...	...
Major repairs needed	750	...	...	4.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	15,755	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	8,115	...	...	51.5	...	...
Two-maintainer household	7,295	...	...	46.3	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	350	...	...	2.2	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	15,755	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	345	...	...	2.2	...	...
25 to 34 years	2,295	...	...	14.6	...	...
35 to 44 years	3,195	...	...	20.3	...	...
45 to 54 years	2,555	...	...	16.2	...	...
55 to 64 years	3,280	...	...	20.8	...	...
65 to 74 years	2,550	...	...	16.2	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,310	...	...	8.3	...	...
85 years and over	220	...	...	1.4	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	15,390	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	13,515	...	...	87.8	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	1,880	...	...	12.2	...	...
30% to less than 100%	1,755	...	...	11.4	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	15,755	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	2,770	...	...	17.6	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	1,745	...	...	11.1	...	...
Not suitable only	255	...	...	1.6	...	...
Major repairs needed only	615	...	...	3.9	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	20	...	...	0.1	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	115	...	...	0.7	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	20	...	...	0.1	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	12,990	...	...	82.5	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	15,275	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	470	...	...	3.1	...	...
Not in core need	14,805	...	...	96.9	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	10,655	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	69.2	...	...	69.2	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	9.2	...	...	9.2	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	1.0	...	...	1.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,180	...	...	1,180	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,188	...	...	1,188	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	302,000	...	...	302,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	342,000	...	...	342,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	4,790	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	19.0	...	...	19.0	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	7.7	...	...	7.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	765	...	...	765	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	806	...	...	806	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	36,955	18,685	18,275	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	725	380	345	2.0	2.0	1.9
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	705	360	345	1.9	1.9	1.9
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	675	340	335	1.8	1.8	1.8
Métis single ancestry	30	25	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	20	20	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	1,230	620	610	3.3	3.3	3.3
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	1,215	610	610	3.3	3.3	3.3
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	1,090	530	560	2.9	2.8	3.1
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	120	75	45	0.3	0.4	0.2
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	35,005	17,685	17,320	94.7	94.6	94.8
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	36,955	18,685	18,275	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	36,460	18,345	18,115	98.7	98.2	99.1
Canadian citizens aged under 18	8,145	4,090	4,055	22.0	21.9	22.2
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	28,320	14,255	14,060	76.6	76.3	76.9
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	495	340	160	1.3	1.8	0.9
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	36,955	18,685	18,275	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	35,530	17,895	17,640	96.1	95.8	96.5
Immigrants⁸¹	1,155	560	595	3.1	3.0	3.3
Before 1980	265	130	130	0.7	0.7	0.7
1980 to 1990	100	55	40	0.3	0.3	0.2
1991 to 2000	175	80	100	0.5	0.4	0.5
2001 to 2010	325	150	170	0.9	0.8	0.9
2011 to 2021⁸²	290	140	150	0.8	0.7	0.8
2011 to 2015	170	80	95	0.5	0.4	0.5
2016 to 2021	120	60	60	0.3	0.3	0.3
Non-permanent residents⁸³	270	225	40	0.7	1.2	0.2
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	1,155	560	595	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	185	100	85	16.0	17.9	14.3
5 to 14 years	185	85	100	16.0	15.2	16.8
15 to 24 years	150	75	75	13.0	13.4	12.6
25 to 44 years	590	275	320	51.1	49.1	53.8
45 years and over	35	25	10	3.0	4.5	1.7
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	1,155	560	595	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	330	145	185	28.6	25.9	31.1
Brazil	55	20	30	4.8	3.6	5.0
Colombia	60	25	35	5.2	4.5	5.9
El Salvador	15	10	0	1.3	1.8	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	35	10	20	3.0	1.8	3.4
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	15	10	10	1.3	1.8	1.7
Peru	25	15	15	2.2	2.7	2.5
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	50	10	40	4.3	1.8	6.7
Other places of birth in Americas	80	45	35	6.9	8.0	5.9
Europe	530	265	265	45.9	47.3	44.5
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	225	115	115	19.5	20.5	19.3
Germany	20	0	10	1.7	0.0	1.7
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	15	0	0	1.3	0.0	0.0
Portugal	15	0	10	1.3	0.0	1.7
Romania	70	15	50	6.1	2.7	8.4
Russian Federation	10	10	0	0.9	1.8	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	15	0	10	1.3	0.0	1.7
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	115	70	45	10.0	12.5	7.6
Africa	160	80	75	13.9	14.3	12.6
Algeria	15	10	10	1.3	1.8	1.7
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	65	30	30	5.6	5.4	5.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	70	40	30	6.1	7.1	5.0
Asia	135	65	70	11.7	11.6	11.8
Afghanistan	30	20	10	2.6	3.6	1.7
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	20	0	20	1.7	0.0	3.4
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	20	10	15	1.7	1.8	2.5
Viet Nam	15	0	10	1.3	0.0	1.7
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	25	15	10	2.2	2.7	1.7
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	120	60	60	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	50	25	25	41.7	41.7	41.7
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	15	10	0	12.5	16.7	0.0
Europe	45	20	20	37.5	33.3	33.3
France	30	15	15	25.0	25.0	25.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	10	10	0	8.3	16.7	0.0
Africa	25	15	0	20.8	25.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	10	0	0	8.3	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	36,960	18,680	18,270	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	1,530	815	715	4.1	4.4	3.9
Second generation¹⁰¹	1,380	740	640	3.7	4.0	3.5
Third generation or more¹⁰²	34,050	17,130	16,925	92.1	91.7	92.6
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	890	425	465	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	500	235	265	56.2	55.3	57.0
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	240	150	85	27.0	35.3	18.3
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	260	85	175	29.2	20.0	37.6
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	220	85	135	24.7	20.0	29.0
Refugees¹⁰⁸	155	105	55	17.4	24.7	11.8
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	890	425	465	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	65	40	30	7.3	9.4	6.5
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	115	70	45	12.9	16.5	9.7
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	30	20	10	3.4	4.7	2.2
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	25	15	10	2.8	3.5	2.2
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	15	0	10	1.7	0.0	2.2
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	635	280	350	71.3	65.9	75.3
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	36,960	18,680	18,270	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	1,055	610	455	2.9	3.3	2.5
South Asian	55	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.2
Chinese	45	0	35	0.1	0.0	0.2
Black	245	120	125	0.7	0.6	0.7
Filipino	35	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Arab	130	70	60	0.4	0.4	0.3
Latin American	370	250	120	1.0	1.3	0.7
Southeast Asian	75	45	25	0.2	0.2	0.1
West Asian	60	50	15	0.2	0.3	0.1
Korean	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	25	25	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	35,900	18,075	17,820	97.1	96.8	97.5
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	36,955	18,680	18,270	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	14,755	7,480	7,280	39.9	40.0	39.8
English	505	250	255	1.4	1.3	1.4
Irish	1,475	750	720	4.0	4.0	3.9
Scottish	585	330	255	1.6	1.8	1.4
French, n.o.s.¹²²	9,160	4,645	4,520	24.8	24.9	24.7
German	540	270	270	1.5	1.4	1.5
Chinese	50	10	40	0.1	0.1	0.2
Italian	555	330	220	1.5	1.8	1.2
Indian (India)	65	25	35	0.2	0.1	0.2
Ukrainian	110	55	55	0.3	0.3	0.3
Dutch	145	70	75	0.4	0.4	0.4
Polish	85	35	50	0.2	0.2	0.3
Québécois	5,955	2,925	3,030	16.1	15.7	16.6
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	90	30	60	0.2	0.2	0.3
Filipino	50	30	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
French Canadian	3,095	1,495	1,595	8.4	8.0	8.7
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	620	300	325	1.7	1.6	1.8
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	820	405	415	2.2	2.2	2.3
Métis	180	125	60	0.5	0.7	0.3
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	550	230	315	1.5	1.2	1.7
Russian	50	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Norwegian	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Welsh	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Portuguese	100	40	60	0.3	0.2	0.3
American	210	100	110	0.6	0.5	0.6
Spanish	185	85	100	0.5	0.5	0.5
Swedish	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hungarian	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Acadian	430	200	230	1.2	1.1	1.3
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	75	45	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
Jewish	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	30	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	25	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Greek	30	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Jamaican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Romanian	110	40	70	0.3	0.2	0.4
Lebanese	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	450	265	185	1.2	1.4	1.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	285	130	155	0.8	0.7	0.8
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Belgian	225	100	125	0.6	0.5	0.7
Haitian	130	70	60	0.4	0.4	0.3
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	75	40	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Mennonite	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	130	85	45	0.4	0.5	0.2
Finnish	15	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	40	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	140	70	75	0.4	0.4	0.4
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	35	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	40	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombian	90	50	45	0.2	0.3	0.2
Moroccan	100	50	45	0.3	0.3	0.2
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syrian	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Ojibway	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	20	20	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	30	25	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Turkish	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	15	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Brazilian	50	30	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	15	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Algonquin	185	105	75	0.5	0.6	0.4
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	35	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	60	25	35	0.2	0.1	0.2
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	40	40	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Berber	75	40	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	40	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
New Brunswicker	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	35	25	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	45	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	125	125	0	0.3	0.7	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	30	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Dominican	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	130	60	70	0.4	0.3	0.4
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	105	45	60	0.3	0.2	0.3
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	70	50	20	0.2	0.3	0.1
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	40	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	65	10	50	0.2	0.1	0.3
Norman	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	45	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	15	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	36,955	18,680	18,270	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	30	25	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Christian	24,760	12,275	12,485	67.0	65.7	68.3
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	1,710	890	820	4.6	4.8	4.5
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	45	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baptist	180	65	110	0.5	0.3	0.6
Catholic	22,250	11,035	11,225	60.2	59.1	61.4
Christian Orthodox	85	35	50	0.2	0.2	0.3
Jehovah's Witness	150	55	90	0.4	0.3	0.5
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lutheran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	60	25	35	0.2	0.1	0.2
Presbyterian	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	250	125	120	0.7	0.7	0.7
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	255	150	105	0.7	0.8	0.6
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	85	45	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
No religion and secular perspectives	11,805	6,165	5,635	31.9	33.0	30.8
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	36,590	18,455	18,130	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	32,835	16,625	16,205	89.7	90.1	89.4
Movers	3,755	1,830	1,925	10.3	9.9	10.6
Non-migrants	1,140	530	605	3.1	2.9	3.3
Migrants	2,620	1,300	1,320	7.2	7.0	7.3
Internal migrants	2,440	1,135	1,305	6.7	6.2	7.2
Intraprovincial migrants	2,415	1,125	1,290	6.6	6.1	7.1
Interprovincial migrants	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
External migrants	175	160	15	0.5	0.9	0.1
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	34,810	17,670	17,145	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	21,410	10,990	10,425	61.5	62.2	60.8
Movers	13,400	6,685	6,715	38.5	37.8	39.2
Non-migrants	3,085	1,550	1,535	8.9	8.8	9.0
Migrants	10,315	5,135	5,180	29.6	29.1	30.2
Internal migrants	10,025	4,895	5,125	28.8	27.7	29.9
Intraprovincial migrants	9,935	4,855	5,080	28.5	27.5	29.6
Interprovincial migrants	85	40	45	0.2	0.2	0.3
External migrants	295	240	55	0.8	1.4	0.3
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	29,910	15,115	14,790	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	7,965	4,700	3,265	26.6	31.1	22.1
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	21,940	10,415	11,525	73.4	68.9	77.9
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	19,985	10,155	9,830	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	3,985	2,605	1,375	19.9	25.7	14.0
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	16,000	7,555	8,455	80.1	74.4	86.0
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	29,910	15,115	14,790	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	6,955	3,965	2,995	23.3	26.2	20.3
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	7,155	3,575	3,585	23.9	23.7	24.2
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	15,795	7,585	8,215	52.8	50.2	55.5
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	12,055	6,115	5,940	40.3	40.5	40.2
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	6,105	3,760	2,345	20.4	24.9	15.9
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	4,385	2,315	2,070	14.7	15.3	14.0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	1,720	1,445	275	5.8	9.6	1.9
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	5,145	2,115	3,030	17.2	14.0	20.5
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	810	240	570	2.7	1.6	3.9
Bachelor's degree or higher	3,740	1,470	2,265	12.5	9.7	15.3
Bachelor's degree	2,715	1,055	1,660	9.1	7.0	11.2
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	285	80	210	1.0	0.5	1.4
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Master's degree	630	280	345	2.1	1.9	2.3
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	65	30	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	19,985	10,160	9,830	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	3,240	2,075	1,165	16.2	20.4	11.9
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	4,200	2,220	1,980	21.0	21.9	20.1
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,550	5,860	6,685	62.8	57.7	68.0
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	9,545	4,745	4,795	47.8	46.7	48.8
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	4,965	3,015	1,950	24.8	29.7	19.8
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	3,560	1,825	1,735	17.8	18.0	17.7
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	1,405	1,195	210	7.0	11.8	2.1
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	4,005	1,580	2,430	20.0	15.6	24.7
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	570	150	420	2.9	1.5	4.3
Bachelor's degree or higher	3,000	1,115	1,890	15.0	11.0	19.2
Bachelor's degree	2,180	830	1,355	10.9	8.2	13.8
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	250	65	190	1.3	0.6	1.9
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Master's degree	490	195	295	2.5	1.9	3.0
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	55	20	30	0.3	0.2	0.3
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	29,905	15,115	14,795	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	14,110	7,530	6,580	47.2	49.8	44.5
Education	1,155	175	985	3.9	1.2	6.7
13. Education	1,155	175	985	3.9	1.2	6.7
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	500	205	295	1.7	1.4	2.0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	45	25	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
50. Visual and performing arts	455	180	280	1.5	1.2	1.9
Humanities	620	295	325	2.1	2.0	2.2
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	55	15	40	0.2	0.1	0.3
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	395	185	210	1.3	1.2	1.4
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
54. History	30	25	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	75	35	40	0.3	0.2	0.3
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,280	290	995	4.3	1.9	6.7
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	150	30	120	0.5	0.2	0.8
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	385	15	375	1.3	0.1	2.5
22. Legal professions and studies	245	75	175	0.8	0.5	1.2
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	30	0	30	0.1	0.0	0.2
42. Psychology	235	40	190	0.8	0.3	1.3
45. Social sciences	235	135	105	0.8	0.9	0.7
Business, management and public administration	3,270	945	2,330	10.9	6.3	15.7
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	200	60	135	0.7	0.4	0.9
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,070	885	2,190	10.3	5.9	14.8
Physical and life sciences and technologies	295	130	165	1.0	0.9	1.1
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	110	30	80	0.4	0.2	0.5
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	55	30	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	50	20	30	0.2	0.1	0.2
40. Physical sciences	65	40	30	0.2	0.3	0.2
41. Science technologies/technicians	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	345	275	70	1.2	1.8	0.5
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	310	260	50	1.0	1.7	0.3
25. Library science	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	4,080	3,785	295	13.6	25.0	2.0
04. Architecture and related services	105	45	65	0.4	0.3	0.4
14. Engineering	340	305	30	1.1	2.0	0.2
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	740	660	80	2.5	4.4	0.5
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	1,055	1,015	35	3.5	6.7	0.2
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,095	1,055	40	3.7	7.0	0.3
48. Precision production	750	705	45	2.5	4.7	0.3
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	650	400	255	2.2	2.6	1.7
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	610	365	250	2.0	2.4	1.7
03. Natural resources and conservation	40	35	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Health and related fields	2,000	295	1,700	6.7	2.0	11.5
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	85	55	30	0.3	0.4	0.2
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,905	240	1,665	6.4	1.6	11.3
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,600	805	795	5.4	5.3	5.4
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	915	240	675	3.1	1.6	4.6
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	355	265	85	1.2	1.8	0.6
49. Transportation and materials moving	325	295	30	1.1	2.0	0.2
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	19,990	10,155	9,830	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	7,440	4,295	3,145	37.2	42.3	32.0
Education	845	105	735	4.2	1.0	7.5
13. Education	845	105	735	4.2	1.0	7.5
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	410	165	240	2.1	1.6	2.4
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	40	25	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
50. Visual and performing arts	370	145	225	1.9	1.4	2.3
Humanities	390	190	210	2.0	1.9	2.1
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	40	15	25	0.2	0.1	0.3
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	230	105	130	1.2	1.0	1.3
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	25	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
54. History	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	65	30	35	0.3	0.3	0.4
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,050	200	850	5.3	2.0	8.6
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	140	25	110	0.7	0.2	1.1
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	330	10	325	1.7	0.1	3.3
22. Legal professions and studies	200	50	160	1.0	0.5	1.6
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
42. Psychology	205	35	170	1.0	0.3	1.7
45. Social sciences	165	80	80	0.8	0.8	0.8
Business, management and public administration	2,555	670	1,890	12.8	6.6	19.2
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	145	20	115	0.7	0.2	1.2
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,415	640	1,775	12.1	6.3	18.1
Physical and life sciences and technologies	210	75	135	1.1	0.7	1.4
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	95	25	70	0.5	0.2	0.7
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	45	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
40. Physical sciences	55	30	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	315	255	65	1.6	2.5	0.7
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	285	240	40	1.4	2.4	0.4
25. Library science	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	3,310	3,060	255	16.6	30.1	2.6
04. Architecture and related services	65	25	40	0.3	0.2	0.4
14. Engineering	290	265	30	1.5	2.6	0.3
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	630	560	75	3.2	5.5	0.8
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	845	820	25	4.2	8.1	0.3
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	835	800	45	4.2	7.9	0.5
48. Precision production	640	595	40	3.2	5.9	0.4
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	535	335	205	2.7	3.3	2.1
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	495	295	205	2.5	2.9	2.1
03. Natural resources and conservation	40	35	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Health and related fields	1,615	185	1,430	8.1	1.8	14.5
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	75	40	30	0.4	0.4	0.3
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,535	150	1,390	7.7	1.5	14.1
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,300	625	675	6.5	6.2	6.9
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	740	165	580	3.7	1.6	5.9
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	305	230	75	1.5	2.3	0.8
49. Transportation and materials moving	255	230	20	1.3	2.3	0.2
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	19,990	10,155	9,830	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	7,440	4,295	3,145	37.2	42.3	32.0
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	12,550	5,860	6,690	62.8	57.7	68.1
Location of study inside Canada	12,210	5,690	6,520	61.1	56.0	66.3
Same as province or territory of residence	12,060	5,630	6,430	60.3	55.4	65.4
Different than province or territory of residence	145	65	85	0.7	0.6	0.9
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	340	170	170	1.7	1.7	1.7
Americas	105	50	60	0.5	0.5	0.6
United States of America	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Mexico	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Colombia	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Europe	170	80	85	0.9	0.8	0.9
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	75	35	45	0.4	0.3	0.5
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	45	15	40	0.2	0.1	0.4
Russian Federation	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	55	40	15	0.3	0.4	0.2
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	30	20	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Asia	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	29,910	15,115	14,790	...	...	...
In the labour force	20,845	10,965	9,890	...	...	...
Employed	19,930	10,475	9,445	...	...	...
Unemployed	925	485	435	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	9,060	4,155	4,910	...	...	...
Participation rate	69.7	72.5	66.9	69.7	72.5	66.9
Employment rate	66.6	69.3	63.9	66.6	69.3	63.9
Unemployment rate	4.4	4.4	4.4	4.4	4.4	4.4
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	29,905	15,115	14,795	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	8,990	4,165	4,825	30.1	27.6	32.6
Worked	20,915	10,950	9,970	69.9	72.4	67.4
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	11,690	6,500	5,190	39.1	43.0	35.1
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	9,225	4,450	4,780	30.8	29.4	32.3
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.9	43.9	41.7	42.9	43.9	41.7
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	20,850	10,965	9,885	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	270	165	105	1.3	1.5	1.1
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	20,580	10,795	9,780	98.7	98.4	98.9
Employee	17,905	9,090	8,810	85.9	82.9	89.1
Permanent position	15,700	8,005	7,700	75.3	73.0	77.9
Temporary position	2,200	1,090	1,110	10.6	9.9	11.2
Fixed term (1 year or more)	650	295	355	3.1	2.7	3.6
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	1,550	795	755	7.4	7.3	7.6
Self-employed¹⁹²	2,680	1,705	975	12.9	15.5	9.9
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	20,850	10,965	9,885	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	270	165	105	1.3	1.5	1.1
All occupations¹⁹¹	20,580	10,795	9,780	98.7	98.4	98.9
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	350	265	90	1.7	2.4	0.9
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	3,110	760	2,355	14.9	6.9	23.8
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,150	885	260	5.5	8.1	2.6
3 Health occupations	1,490	165	1,330	7.1	1.5	13.5
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	2,350	560	1,795	11.3	5.1	18.2
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	415	230	190	2.0	2.1	1.9
6 Sales and service occupations	4,500	1,860	2,640	21.6	17.0	26.7
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	4,520	4,145	380	21.7	37.8	3.8
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	990	860	130	4.7	7.8	1.3
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,700	1,080	620	8.2	9.8	6.3
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	20,850	10,965	9,885	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	270	165	105	1.3	1.5	1.1
All industries¹⁹¹	20,580	10,795	9,780	98.7	98.4	98.9
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	1,215	885	330	5.8	8.1	3.3
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	35	30	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
22 Utilities	110	95	20	0.5	0.9	0.2
23 Construction	2,125	1,765	355	10.2	16.1	3.6
31-33 Manufacturing	3,645	2,485	1,165	17.5	22.7	11.8
41 Wholesale trade	745	480	260	3.6	4.4	2.6
44-45 Retail trade	2,385	1,095	1,290	11.4	10.0	13.1
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	890	705	190	4.3	6.4	1.9
51 Information and cultural industries	205	145	60	1.0	1.3	0.6
52 Finance and insurance	520	190	330	2.5	1.7	3.3
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	240	105	135	1.2	1.0	1.4
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	995	485	510	4.8	4.4	5.2
55 Management of companies and enterprises	35	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	600	355	245	2.9	3.2	2.5
61 Educational services	1,310	265	1,050	6.3	2.4	10.6
62 Health care and social assistance	2,610	335	2,275	12.5	3.1	23.0
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	240	135	110	1.2	1.2	1.1
72 Accommodation and food services	875	335	540	4.2	3.1	5.5
81 Other services (except public administration)	975	475	500	4.7	4.3	5.1
91 Public administration	820	435	385	3.9	4.0	3.9
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	22,065	11,535	10,535	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	180	100	85	0.8	0.9	0.8
French	18,160	9,340	8,820	82.3	81.0	83.7
Non-official language	145	140	0	0.7	1.2	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	145	140	0	0.7	1.2	0.0
English and French	3,405	1,855	1,550	15.4	16.1	14.7
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	90	55	30	0.4	0.5	0.3
English, French and non-official language(s)	75	35	40	0.3	0.3	0.4
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	22,065	11,535	10,535	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	21,540	11,230	10,315	97.6	97.4	97.9
Official languages	21,385	11,080	10,310	96.9	96.1	97.9
English	615	345	270	2.8	3.0	2.6
French	20,775	10,730	10,040	94.2	93.0	95.3
Non-official languages	155	150	0	0.7	1.3	0.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	155	150	0	0.7	1.3	0.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	125	120	0	0.6	1.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	120	115	0	0.5	1.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	120	115	0	0.5	1.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	520	300	220	2.4	2.6	2.1
English and French	485	285	205	2.2	2.5	1.9
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	30	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	22,065	11,535	10,535	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	18,990	9,875	9,115	86.1	85.6	86.5
English	2,510	1,330	1,185	11.4	11.5	11.2
French	440	260	180	2.0	2.3	1.7
Non-official language	55	35	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	55	35	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	50	25	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	19,925	10,475	9,450	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	3,065	1,445	1,620	15.4	13.8	17.1
Worked outside Canada	25	20	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
No fixed workplace address	2,525	2,060	465	12.7	19.7	4.9
Usual place of work	14,310	6,955	7,360	71.8	66.4	77.9
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	14,310	6,950	7,360	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	3,485	1,715	1,765	24.4	24.7	24.0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	2,445	1,135	1,305	17.1	16.3	17.7
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	8,375	4,085	4,285	58.5	58.8	58.2
Commute to a different province or territory	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	16,835	9,010	7,825	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	15,400	8,240	7,165	91.5	91.5	91.6
Car, truck or van - as a driver	14,685	7,890	6,790	87.2	87.6	86.8
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	720	345	370	4.3	3.8	4.7
Public transit	180	100	80	1.1	1.1	1.0
Walked	940	485	460	5.6	5.4	5.9
Bicycle	140	80	60	0.8	0.9	0.8
Other method	180	110	70	1.1	1.2	0.9
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	16,835	9,010	7,825	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	5,570	2,845	2,730	33.1	31.6	34.9
15 to 29 minutes	4,720	2,295	2,425	28.0	25.5	31.0
30 to 44 minutes	4,245	2,320	1,925	25.2	25.7	24.6
45 to 59 minutes	1,390	900	495	8.3	10.0	6.3
60 minutes and over	905	645	255	5.4	7.2	3.3
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	16,835	9,010	7,825	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,690	1,360	335	10.0	15.1	4.3
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	3,920	2,445	1,470	23.3	27.1	18.8
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	4,865	2,270	2,605	28.9	25.2	33.3
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	2,625	995	1,630	15.6	11.0	20.8
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,175	395	785	7.0	4.4	10.0
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	2,555	1,555	1,005	15.2	17.3	12.8
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	8,380	4,230	4,145	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	705	345	360	8.4	8.2	8.7
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	7,675	3,895	3,780	91.6	92.1	91.2
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	6,040	3,055	2,985	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	515	255	260	8.5	8.3	8.7
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	310	150	165	5.1	4.9	5.5
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	205	105	95	3.4	3.4	3.2
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	5,525	2,800	2,725	91.5	91.7	91.3

Symbol legend

...
not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 18, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
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Census Profile, 2021 Census of PopulationProfile table

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Note(s):

Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table