Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Robert-Cliche, Municipalité régionale de comté (MRC)More information: Quebec [Census division]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	19,253	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	19,125	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	0.7	...	...	0.7	...	...
Total private dwellings²	8,827	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	8,225	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	22.9	...	...	22.9	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	839.60	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	19,255	9,875	9,380	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	3,385	1,695	1,690	17.6	17.2	18.0
0 to 4 years	960	440	520	5.0	4.5	5.5
5 to 9 years	1,155	595	560	6.0	6.0	6.0
10 to 14 years	1,270	660	605	6.6	6.7	6.4
15 to 64 years	11,335	5,950	5,390	58.9	60.3	57.5
15 to 19 years	1,095	595	505	5.7	6.0	5.4
20 to 24 years	840	460	375	4.4	4.7	4.0
25 to 29 years	925	475	450	4.8	4.8	4.8
30 to 34 years	1,025	525	495	5.3	5.3	5.3
35 to 39 years	1,185	620	560	6.2	6.3	6.0
40 to 44 years	1,330	705	620	6.9	7.1	6.6
45 to 49 years	1,040	555	480	5.4	5.6	5.1
50 to 54 years	1,090	565	530	5.7	5.7	5.7
55 to 59 years	1,355	710	645	7.0	7.2	6.9
60 to 64 years	1,450	730	725	7.5	7.4	7.7
65 years and over	4,535	2,235	2,300	23.6	22.6	24.5
65 to 69 years	1,375	705	670	7.1	7.1	7.1
70 to 74 years	1,215	635	580	6.3	6.4	6.2
75 to 79 years	820	425	400	4.3	4.3	4.3
80 to 84 years	530	275	255	2.8	2.8	2.7
85 years and over	595	195	400	3.1	2.0	4.3
85 to 89 years	360	110	250	1.9	1.1	2.7
90 to 94 years	125	40	85	0.6	0.4	0.9
95 to 99 years	100	40	60	0.5	0.4	0.6
100 years and over	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	17.6	17.2	18.0	17.6	17.2	18.0
15 to 64 years	58.9	60.3	57.5	58.9	60.3	57.5
65 years and over	23.6	22.6	24.5	23.6	22.6	24.5
85 years and over	3.1	2.0	4.3	3.1	2.0	4.3
Average age of the population	43.7	43.3	44.1	43.7	43.3	44.1
Median age of the population	44.4	44.0	44.8	44.4	44.0	44.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	8,225	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	6,345	...	...	77.1	...	...
Semi-detached house	350	...	...	4.3	...	...
Row house	90	...	...	1.1	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	320	...	...	3.9	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	970	...	...	11.8	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Other single-attached house	125	...	...	1.5	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	15	...	...	0.2	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	8,225	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	2,690	...	...	32.7	...	...
2 persons	3,030	...	...	36.8	...	...
3 persons	930	...	...	11.3	...	...
4 persons	965	...	...	11.7	...	...
5 or more persons	610	...	...	7.4	...	...
Number of persons in private households	18,705	9,660	9,045	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.3	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	15,870	8,180	7,690	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	9,660	4,855	4,805	60.9	59.4	62.5
Married	5,620	2,840	2,780	35.4	34.7	36.2
Living common-law	4,045	2,015	2,030	25.5	24.6	26.4
Living common law - Never married	3,390	1,690	1,695	21.4	20.7	22.0
Living common law - Separated	25	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Living common law - Divorced	555	280	275	3.5	3.4	3.6
Living common law - Widowed	75	25	45	0.5	0.3	0.6
Not married and not living common-law	6,205	3,325	2,885	39.1	40.6	37.5
Not married and not living common law - Never married	4,170	2,500	1,670	26.3	30.6	21.7
Not married and not living common law - Separated	180	90	90	1.1	1.1	1.2
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	930	485	445	5.9	5.9	5.8
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	930	250	680	5.9	3.1	8.8
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	5,385	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	2,975	...	...	55.2	...	...
3 persons	900	...	...	16.7	...	...
4 persons	935	...	...	17.4	...	...
5 or more persons	570	...	...	10.6	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.9	...	...	1.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	5,390	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	4,680	...	...	86.8	...	...
Married couples	2,660	...	...	49.4	...	...
With children⁶	890	...	...	16.5	...	...
Without children	1,775	...	...	32.9	...	...
Common-law couples	2,020	...	...	37.5	...	...
With children⁶	1,220	...	...	22.6	...	...
Without children	805	...	...	14.9	...	...
Total one-parent families	705	...	...	13.1	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	480	...	...	8.9	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	225	...	...	4.2	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	18,705	9,660	9,045	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	15,475	7,805	7,675	82.7	80.8	84.9
Married spouses or common-law partners	9,370	4,680	4,690	50.1	48.4	51.9
Parents in one-parent families	705	230	475	3.8	2.4	5.3
Children⁶	5,410	2,895	2,510	28.9	30.0	27.8
In a two-parent family	4,260	2,215	2,045	22.8	22.9	22.6
In a one-parent family	1,145	680	465	6.1	7.0	5.1
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	3,225	1,860	1,370	17.2	19.3	15.1
Living alone	2,690	1,545	1,150	14.4	16.0	12.7
Living with other relatives⁷	205	105	100	1.1	1.1	1.1
Living with non-relatives only	330	210	120	1.8	2.2	1.3
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	8,225	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	5,225	...	...	63.5	...	...
Couple-family households	4,590	...	...	55.8	...	...
With children⁶	2,055	...	...	25.0	...	...
Without children	2,535	...	...	30.8	...	...
One-parent-family households	635	...	...	7.7	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	50	...	...	0.6	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	5	...	...	0.1	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	80	...	...	1.0	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	175	...	...	2.1	...	...
One-person households	2,690	...	...	32.7	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	15,320	7,970	7,355	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	15,140	7,875	7,265	98.8	98.8	98.8
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,000	44,400	35,200	40,000	44,400	35,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	15,140	7,875	7,265	98.8	98.8	98.8
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,600	38,400	32,000	35,600	38,400	32,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	13,905	7,380	6,525	90.8	92.6	88.7
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	31,200	37,200	24,600	31,200	37,200	24,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	11,390	6,300	5,085	74.3	79.0	69.1
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	33,600	37,600	27,800	33,600	37,600	27,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	13,110	6,650	6,460	85.6	83.4	87.8
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,500	9,000	13,100	11,500	9,000	13,100
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,195	1,220	975	14.3	15.3	13.3
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	4,800	4,680	5,000	4,800	4,680	5,000
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,685	2,590	2,095	30.6	32.5	28.5
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,480	4,480	6,000	5,480	4,480	6,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	15,320	7,970	7,350	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	15,130	7,880	7,250	98.8	98.9	98.6
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,960	47,960	39,560	43,960	47,960	39,560
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	15,130	7,880	7,250	98.8	98.9	98.6
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,600	40,200	34,800	37,600	40,200	34,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	13,910	7,345	6,565	90.8	92.2	89.3
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,120	41,600	30,000	36,120	41,600	30,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	11,390	6,285	5,100	74.3	78.9	69.4
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,600	39,800	32,720	36,600	39,800	32,720
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	13,100	6,600	6,500	85.5	82.8	88.4
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,400	10,990	13,840	12,400	10,990	13,840
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,110	1,150	960	13.8	14.4	13.1
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,165	5,400	7,080	6,165	5,400	7,080
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,680	2,635	2,040	30.5	33.1	27.8
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,260	5,665	7,030	6,260	5,665	7,030
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	15,320	7,970	7,355	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	5,680	3,350	2,330	37.1	42.0	31.7
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	47,600	50,000	44,000	47,600	50,000	44,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	51,450	54,000	47,720	51,450	54,000	47,720
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	4,520	2,210	2,310	29.5	27.7	31.4
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	19,800	24,600	16,800	19,800	24,600	16,800
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	25,480	28,720	22,380	25,480	28,720	22,380
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	75.6	80.8	68.6	75.6	80.8	68.6
Employment income (%)¹⁹	62.7	66.2	58.2	62.7	66.2	58.2
Government transfers (%)²⁰	24.4	19.2	31.4	24.4	19.2	31.4
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.0	1.6	2.4	2.0	1.6	2.4
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.4	4.7	6.3	5.4	4.7	6.3
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.4	4.0	5.0	4.4	4.0	5.0
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	15,320	7,965	7,350	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	180	90	90	1.2	1.1	1.2
With total income	15,140	7,880	7,265	98.8	98.9	98.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	840	365	475	5.5	4.6	6.5
$10,000 to $19,999	2,155	900	1,260	14.2	11.4	17.3
$20,000 to $29,999	2,555	1,205	1,350	16.9	15.3	18.6
$30,000 to $39,999	2,065	945	1,120	13.6	12.0	15.4
$40,000 to $49,999	2,320	1,245	1,075	15.3	15.8	14.8
$50,000 to $59,999	1,935	1,140	795	12.8	14.5	10.9
$60,000 to $69,999	1,205	745	455	8.0	9.5	6.3
$70,000 to $79,999	730	475	250	4.8	6.0	3.4
$80,000 to $89,999	495	300	200	3.3	3.8	2.8
$90,000 to $99,999	280	165	115	1.8	2.1	1.6
$100,000 and over	565	390	170	3.7	4.9	2.3
$100,000 to $149,999	420	290	130	2.8	3.7	1.8
$150,000 and over	140	100	40	0.9	1.3	0.6
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	15,320	7,965	7,350	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	180	90	90	1.2	1.1	1.2
With after-tax income	15,140	7,880	7,265	98.8	98.9	98.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	895	385	510	5.9	4.9	7.0
$10,000 to $19,999	2,250	935	1,315	14.9	11.9	18.1
$20,000 to $29,999	2,920	1,380	1,540	19.3	17.5	21.2
$30,000 to $39,999	2,940	1,495	1,440	19.4	19.0	19.8
$40,000 to $49,999	2,730	1,620	1,105	18.0	20.6	15.2
$50,000 to $59,999	1,610	965	640	10.6	12.2	8.8
$60,000 to $69,999	870	520	350	5.7	6.6	4.8
$70,000 to $79,999	430	240	190	2.8	3.0	2.6
$80,000 to $89,999	200	120	85	1.3	1.5	1.2
$90,000 to $99,999	105	65	35	0.7	0.8	0.5
$100,000 and over	205	150	55	1.4	1.9	0.8
$100,000 to $124,999	120	90	35	0.8	1.1	0.5
$125,000 and over	80	55	25	0.5	0.7	0.3
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	15,320	7,965	7,350	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	3,935	1,665	2,265	25.7	20.9	30.8
With employment income	11,390	6,300	5,090	74.3	79.1	69.3
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,550	870	685	13.6	13.8	13.5
$5,000 to $9,999	915	410	505	8.0	6.5	9.9
$10,000 to $19,999	1,495	665	830	13.1	10.6	16.3
$20,000 to $29,999	1,270	600	665	11.2	9.5	13.1
$30,000 to $39,999	1,545	810	740	13.6	12.9	14.5
$40,000 to $49,999	1,460	845	615	12.8	13.4	12.1
$50,000 to $59,999	1,110	725	380	9.7	11.5	7.5
$60,000 to $69,999	710	485	220	6.2	7.7	4.3
$70,000 to $79,999	485	335	155	4.3	5.3	3.0
$80,000 to $89,999	335	195	140	2.9	3.1	2.8
$90,000 to $99,999	180	115	60	1.6	1.8	1.2
$100,000 and over	335	235	100	2.9	3.7	2.0
$100,000 to $124,999	195	130	65	1.7	2.1	1.3
$125,000 and over	140	105	30	1.2	1.7	0.6
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	15,320	7,970	7,355	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	14,965	7,780	7,180	97.7	97.6	97.6
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	37,200	42,000	32,000	37,200	42,000	32,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	14,965	7,780	7,185	97.7	97.6	97.7
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	33,200	36,800	29,600	33,200	36,800	29,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	13,660	7,275	6,385	89.2	91.3	86.8
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	32,400	38,800	26,400	32,400	38,800	26,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	11,410	6,305	5,105	74.5	79.1	69.4
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,000	38,800	28,800	34,000	38,800	28,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	11,710	5,785	5,930	76.4	72.6	80.6
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,900	6,800	10,700	8,900	6,800	10,700
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	2,170	1,165	1,005	14.2	14.6	13.7
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	3,880	3,960	3,800	3,880	3,960	3,800
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	15,320	7,970	7,350	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	14,975	7,805	7,170	97.7	97.9	97.6
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,480	45,640	36,960	41,480	45,640	36,960
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	14,985	7,805	7,180	97.8	97.9	97.7
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,400	38,120	32,440	35,400	38,120	32,440
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	13,685	7,305	6,385	89.3	91.7	86.9
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,720	41,960	30,760	36,720	41,960	30,760
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	11,500	6,340	5,160	75.1	79.5	70.2
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,320	39,560	32,360	36,320	39,560	32,360
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	11,660	5,710	5,945	76.1	71.6	80.9
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,180	8,710	11,590	10,180	8,710	11,590
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,135	1,105	1,035	13.9	13.9	14.1
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,770	5,030	6,560	5,770	5,030	6,560
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	15,320	7,970	7,355	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	5,675	3,345	2,325	37.0	42.0	31.6
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	46,000	50,000	41,200	46,000	50,000	41,200
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	49,040	52,300	44,360	49,040	52,300	44,360
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	4,370	2,130	2,240	28.5	26.7	30.5
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	23,400	27,600	19,600	23,400	27,600	19,600
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	28,200	31,200	25,360	28,200	31,200	25,360
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	81.0	86.0	74.0	81.0	86.0	74.0
Employment income (%)	67.2	70.4	63.0	67.2	70.4	63.0
Government transfers (%)	19.1	14.0	26.0	19.1	14.0	26.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.0	1.6	2.6	2.0	1.6	2.6
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	8,225	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	68,000	...	...	68,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	60,000	...	...	60,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	2,690	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	39,600	...	...	39,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	34,800	...	...	34,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	5,535	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	91,000	...	...	91,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	79,000	...	...	79,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	8,225	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	80,800	...	...	80,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	69,200	...	...	69,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	2,655	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	41,480	...	...	41,480	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	35,880	...	...	35,880	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	5,575	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	99,600	...	...	99,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	85,100	...	...	85,100	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	8,225	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	45	...	...	0.5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	20	...	...	0.2	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	75	...	...	0.9	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	155	...	...	1.9	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	500	...	...	6.1	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	300	...	...	3.6	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	280	...	...	3.4	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	485	...	...	5.9	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	495	...	...	6.0	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	445	...	...	5.4	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	810	...	...	9.8	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	605	...	...	7.4	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	530	...	...	6.4	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	580	...	...	7.1	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	545	...	...	6.6	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,365	...	...	28.8	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,000	...	...	12.2	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	600	...	...	7.3	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	500	...	...	6.1	...	...
$200,000 and over	260	...	...	3.2	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	8,225	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	55	...	...	0.7	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	20	...	...	0.2	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	75	...	...	0.9	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	160	...	...	1.9	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	525	...	...	6.4	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	360	...	...	4.4	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	400	...	...	4.9	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	645	...	...	7.8	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	585	...	...	7.1	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	470	...	...	5.7	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	815	...	...	9.9	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	650	...	...	7.9	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	685	...	...	8.3	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	680	...	...	8.3	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	535	...	...	6.5	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,565	...	...	19.0	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	840	...	...	10.2	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	390	...	...	4.7	...	...
$150,000 and over	330	...	...	4.0	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	5,415	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	91,000	...	...	91,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	79,000	...	...	79,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	2,540	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	74,500	...	...	74,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	66,000	...	...	66,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	2,110	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	119,000	...	...	119,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	102,000	...	...	102,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.1	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	690	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	65,000	...	...	65,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	59,200	...	...	59,200	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	3,025	1,750	1,270	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	38,800	42,400	32,400	38,800	42,400	32,400
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	34,400	36,800	30,200	34,400	36,800	30,200
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	5,420	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	99,600	...	...	99,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	85,100	...	...	85,100	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,520	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	81,500	...	...	81,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	69,800	...	...	69,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,155	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	130,600	...	...	130,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	110,400	...	...	110,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	655	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	70,200	...	...	70,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	62,300	...	...	62,300	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	3,005	1,725	1,280	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	41,480	44,960	36,800	41,480	44,960	36,800
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	35,840	38,040	32,900	35,840	38,040	32,900
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	18,705	9,660	9,040	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	4,070	2,065	2,000	21.8	21.4	22.1
0 to 5 years	1,170	555	615	6.3	5.7	6.8
18 to 64 years	10,590	5,540	5,045	56.6	57.3	55.8
65 years and over	4,045	2,050	2,000	21.6	21.2	22.1
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,980	975	1,005	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	280	160	125	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	80	45	35	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	765	405	365	...	...	...
65 years and over	930	415	520	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	10.6	10.1	11.1	10.6	10.1	11.1
0 to 17 years (%)	7.0	7.7	6.1	7.0	7.7	6.1
0 to 5 years (%)	6.8	8.0	6.0	6.8	8.0	6.0
18 to 64 years (%)	7.2	7.2	7.2	7.2	7.2	7.2
65 years and over (%)	23.0	20.2	25.9	23.0	20.2	25.9
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	18,705	9,660	9,045	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	4,065	2,065	2,000	21.7	21.4	22.1
0 to 5 years	1,170	555	615	6.3	5.7	6.8
18 to 64 years	10,590	5,545	5,045	56.6	57.4	55.8
65 years and over	4,050	2,050	1,995	21.7	21.2	22.1
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	285	165	115	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	25	25	5	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	5	5	0	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	235	130	100	...	...	...
65 years and over	25	10	10	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	1.5	1.7	1.3	1.5	1.7	1.3
0 to 17 years (%)	0.6	1.0	0.3	0.6	1.0	0.3
0 to 5 years (%)	0.5	0.8	x	0.5	0.8	x
18 to 64 years (%)	2.2	2.4	2.0	2.2	2.4	2.0
65 years and over (%)	0.7	0.7	0.7	0.7	0.7	0.7
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	18,705	9,660	9,045	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	11,750	5,990	5,765	62.8	62.0	63.7
In bottom decile	1,495	735	760	8.0	7.6	8.4
In second decile	2,390	1,185	1,210	12.8	12.3	13.4
In third decile	2,555	1,305	1,250	13.7	13.5	13.8
In fourth decile	2,760	1,425	1,335	14.8	14.8	14.8
In fifth decile	2,545	1,335	1,210	13.6	13.8	13.4
In top half of the distribution	6,955	3,675	3,280	37.2	38.0	36.3
In sixth decile	2,300	1,190	1,110	12.3	12.3	12.3
In seventh decile	1,870	1,020	845	10.0	10.6	9.3
In eighth decile	1,395	740	655	7.5	7.7	7.2
In ninth decile	915	470	445	4.9	4.9	4.9
In top decile	475	250	225	2.5	2.6	2.5
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	18,705	...	...	18,705	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.263	...	...	0.263	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.400	...	...	0.400	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.228	...	...	0.228	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	18,895	9,730	9,170	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	25	20	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
French only	14,550	7,280	7,265	77.0	74.8	79.2
English and French	4,275	2,395	1,885	22.6	24.6	20.6
Neither English nor French	50	40	10	0.3	0.4	0.1
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	18,895	9,730	9,170	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	130	65	65	0.7	0.7	0.7
French	18,690	9,610	9,085	98.9	98.8	99.1
English and French	35	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Neither English nor French	45	35	10	0.2	0.4	0.1
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	18,895	9,730	9,170	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	18,815	9,685	9,130	99.6	99.5	99.6
Official languages	18,635	9,570	9,070	98.6	98.4	98.9
English	125	65	65	0.7	0.7	0.7
French	18,510	9,505	9,005	98.0	97.7	98.2
Non-official languages	180	120	60	1.0	1.2	0.7
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	180	120	60	1.0	1.2	0.7
Afro-Asiatic languages	25	20	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	25	20	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	25	20	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Merina	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	25	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Haitian Creole	10	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	90	65	25	0.5	0.7	0.3
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	80	60	20	0.4	0.6	0.2
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	75	60	10	0.4	0.6	0.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	80	40	40	0.4	0.4	0.4
English and French	45	25	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	18,895	9,730	9,170	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	40	35	10	0.2	0.4	0.1
French	18,355	9,420	8,935	97.1	96.8	97.4
Non-official language	65	50	10	0.3	0.5	0.1
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	65	50	10	0.3	0.5	0.1
English and French	315	165	150	1.7	1.7	1.6
English and non-official language(s)	0	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	85	45	45	0.4	0.5	0.5
English, French and non-official language(s)	35	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	18,895	9,730	9,170	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	18,805	9,680	9,125	99.5	99.5	99.5
Official languages	18,720	9,615	9,105	99.1	98.8	99.3
English	60	40	25	0.3	0.4	0.3
French	18,660	9,580	9,085	98.8	98.5	99.1
Non-official languages	85	70	20	0.4	0.7	0.2
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	85	70	20	0.4	0.7	0.2
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	55	50	5	0.3	0.5	0.1
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	55	50	5	0.3	0.5	0.1
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	50	50	0	0.3	0.5	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	10	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	10	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	95	50	40	0.5	0.5	0.4
English and French	50	25	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	35	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	18,895	9,730	9,170	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	18,535	9,545	8,990	98.1	98.1	98.0
English	260	135	120	1.4	1.4	1.3
French	30	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Non-official language	45	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	45	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
English and French	0	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	18,705	9,660	9,045	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	18,680	9,645	9,040	99.9	99.8	99.9
English	4,280	2,425	1,855	22.9	25.1	20.5
French	18,655	9,630	9,025	99.7	99.7	99.8
Non-official languages	645	325	320	3.4	3.4	3.5
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	645	325	320	3.4	3.4	3.5
Afro-Asiatic languages	45	35	10	0.2	0.4	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	40	30	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	40	30	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Merina	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	60	35	20	0.3	0.4	0.2
Haitian Creole	20	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	30	20	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	495	225	270	2.6	2.3	3.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
German	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	465	215	250	2.5	2.2	2.8
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Portuguese	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	455	210	245	2.4	2.2	2.7
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	30	25	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	18,705	9,665	9,045	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	325	170	150	1.7	1.8	1.7
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	280	135	145	1.5	1.4	1.6
First Nations (North American Indian)	205	90	115	1.1	0.9	1.3
Métis	80	45	30	0.4	0.5	0.3
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	20	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	25	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Non-Indigenous identity	18,380	9,485	8,895	98.3	98.1	98.3
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	18,705	9,665	9,045	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	55	25	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	18,650	9,630	9,020	99.7	99.6	99.7
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	8,225	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	6,240	...	...	75.9	...	...
Renter	1,980	...	...	24.1	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	8,225	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	430	...	...	5.2	...	...
Not condominium	7,790	...	...	94.7	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	8,225	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	10	...	...	0.1	...	...
1 bedroom	705	...	...	8.6	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,925	...	...	23.4	...	...
3 bedrooms	3,210	...	...	39.0	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	2,375	...	...	28.9	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	8,225	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,650	...	...	20.1	...	...
5 rooms	1,470	...	...	17.9	...	...
6 rooms	1,525	...	...	18.5	...	...
7 rooms	1,220	...	...	14.8	...	...
8 or more rooms	2,355	...	...	28.6	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.4	...	...	6.4	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	8,225	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	8,195	...	...	99.6	...	...
More than one person per room	30	...	...	0.4	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	8,225	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	8,150	...	...	99.1	...	...
Not suitable	75	...	...	0.9	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	8,225	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	2,630	...	...	32.0	...	...
1961 to 1980	2,470	...	...	30.0	...	...
1981 to 1990	900	...	...	10.9	...	...
1991 to 2000	770	...	...	9.4	...	...
2001 to 2005	380	...	...	4.6	...	...
2006 to 2010	310	...	...	3.8	...	...
2011 to 2015	305	...	...	3.7	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	455	...	...	5.5	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	8,225	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	7,855	...	...	95.5	...	...
Major repairs needed	370	...	...	4.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	8,225	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	4,685	...	...	57.0	...	...
Two-maintainer household	3,445	...	...	41.9	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	105	...	...	1.3	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	8,225	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	180	...	...	2.2	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,015	...	...	12.3	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,440	...	...	17.5	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,320	...	...	16.0	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,615	...	...	19.6	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,580	...	...	19.2	...	...
75 to 84 years	820	...	...	10.0	...	...
85 years and over	245	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	7,950	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	7,385	...	...	92.9	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	570	...	...	7.2	...	...
30% to less than 100%	510	...	...	6.4	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	8,225	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	970	...	...	11.8	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	535	...	...	6.5	...	...
Not suitable only	65	...	...	0.8	...	...
Major repairs needed only	330	...	...	4.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	35	...	...	0.4	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	7,255	...	...	88.2	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	7,895	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	145	...	...	1.8	...	...
Not in core need	7,740	...	...	98.0	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	6,005	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	51.5	...	...	51.5	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	5.4	...	...	5.4	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	1.0	...	...	1.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	710	...	...	710	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	827	...	...	827	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	170,000	...	...	170,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	187,200	...	...	187,200	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,960	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	8.2	...	...	8.2	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	12.5	...	...	12.5	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	4.7	...	...	4.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	564	...	...	564	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	589	...	...	589	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	18,705	9,660	9,045	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	400	200	200	2.1	2.1	2.2
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	400	200	200	2.1	2.1	2.2
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	355	180	180	1.9	1.9	2.0
Métis single ancestry	40	25	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	365	175	185	2.0	1.8	2.0
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	365	175	185	2.0	1.8	2.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	355	170	185	1.9	1.8	2.0
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	17,945	9,285	8,660	95.9	96.1	95.7
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	18,705	9,660	9,040	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	18,415	9,475	8,935	98.4	98.1	98.8
Canadian citizens aged under 18	4,055	2,055	2,000	21.7	21.3	22.1
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	14,360	7,425	6,940	76.8	76.9	76.8
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	290	180	105	1.6	1.9	1.2
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	18,705	9,660	9,040	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	18,285	9,410	8,875	97.8	97.4	98.2
Immigrants⁸¹	210	105	100	1.1	1.1	1.1
Before 1980	60	40	25	0.3	0.4	0.3
1980 to 1990	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
1991 to 2000	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
2001 to 2010	45	25	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
2011 to 2021⁸²	65	35	30	0.3	0.4	0.3
2011 to 2015	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
2016 to 2021	60	25	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
Non-permanent residents⁸³	210	140	70	1.1	1.4	0.8
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	205	105	100	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	35	10	25	17.1	9.5	25.0
5 to 14 years	30	20	10	14.6	19.0	10.0
15 to 24 years	30	20	15	14.6	19.0	15.0
25 to 44 years	90	50	45	43.9	47.6	45.0
45 years and over	15	0	10	7.3	0.0	10.0
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	205	105	100	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	110	45	65	53.7	42.9	65.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	15	10	0	7.3	9.5	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	40	15	25	19.5	14.3	25.0
Other places of birth in Americas	25	10	20	12.2	9.5	20.0
Europe	55	30	20	26.8	28.6	20.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	25	15	10	12.2	14.3	10.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portugal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	15	15	0	7.3	14.3	0.0
Africa	35	30	0	17.1	28.6	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	10	10	0	4.9	9.5	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	20	10	0	9.8	9.5	0.0
Asia	10	0	10	4.9	0.0	10.0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	60	25	35	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	20	10	0	33.3	40.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	10	0	10	16.7	0.0	28.6
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	20	15	0	33.3	60.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	0	0	16.7	0.0	0.0
Asia	10	0	10	16.7	0.0	28.6
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	18,705	9,660	9,045	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	495	275	215	2.6	2.8	2.4
Second generation¹⁰¹	255	135	125	1.4	1.4	1.4
Third generation or more¹⁰²	17,950	9,250	8,700	96.0	95.8	96.2
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	145	70	75	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	45	30	20	31.0	42.9	26.7
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	25	15	10	17.2	21.4	13.3
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	20	10	10	13.8	14.3	13.3
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	85	35	50	58.6	50.0	66.7
Refugees¹⁰⁸	15	10	0	10.3	14.3	0.0
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	145	70	75	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	10	10	0	6.9	14.3	0.0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	25	0	15	17.2	0.0	20.0
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	10	10	0	6.9	14.3	0.0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	15	10	0	10.3	14.3	0.0
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	95	40	55	65.5	57.1	73.3
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	18,705	9,665	9,045	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	230	135	95	1.2	1.4	1.1
South Asian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Chinese	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Black	90	70	20	0.5	0.7	0.2
Filipino	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arab	20	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Latin American	70	35	30	0.4	0.4	0.3
Southeast Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Multiple visible minorities	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	18,470	9,525	8,950	98.7	98.6	98.9
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	18,705	9,660	9,040	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	8,320	4,285	4,035	44.5	44.4	44.6
English	100	50	50	0.5	0.5	0.6
Irish	435	190	250	2.3	2.0	2.8
Scottish	80	40	40	0.4	0.4	0.4
French, n.o.s.¹²²	3,935	2,020	1,910	21.0	20.9	21.1
German	50	15	35	0.3	0.2	0.4
Chinese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	85	60	30	0.5	0.6	0.3
Indian (India)	30	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Ukrainian	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Dutch	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Québécois	2,740	1,425	1,320	14.6	14.8	14.6
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Filipino	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French Canadian	2,485	1,295	1,190	13.3	13.4	13.2
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	370	195	185	2.0	2.0	2.0
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	295	145	145	1.6	1.5	1.6
Métis	50	35	20	0.3	0.4	0.2
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	80	35	35	0.4	0.4	0.4
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	70	30	45	0.4	0.3	0.5
American	95	40	45	0.5	0.4	0.5
Spanish	95	40	50	0.5	0.4	0.6
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Acadian	100	50	50	0.5	0.5	0.6
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Jewish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	300	145	155	1.6	1.5	1.7
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	90	45	40	0.5	0.5	0.4
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Belgian	35	30	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Haitian	20	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	20	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Mennonite	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	35	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.3
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombian	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	20	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	70	45	25	0.4	0.5	0.3
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Brunswicker	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	20	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	115	55	60	0.6	0.6	0.7
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	50	25	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	85	40	45	0.5	0.4	0.5
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	85	40	45	0.5	0.4	0.5
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Mauritian	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	18,705	9,665	9,045	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	45	0	40	0.2	0.0	0.4
Christian	15,720	8,070	7,655	84.0	83.5	84.6
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	1,250	630	625	6.7	6.5	6.9
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baptist	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Catholic	14,355	7,385	6,975	76.7	76.4	77.1
Christian Orthodox	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jehovah's Witness	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lutheran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	45	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	55	45	10	0.3	0.5	0.1
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	45	10	35	0.2	0.1	0.4
No religion and secular perspectives	2,840	1,530	1,310	15.2	15.8	14.5
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	18,545	9,565	8,980	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	17,255	8,895	8,360	93.0	93.0	93.1
Movers	1,285	670	620	6.9	7.0	6.9
Non-migrants	730	370	360	3.9	3.9	4.0
Migrants	560	300	260	3.0	3.1	2.9
Internal migrants	555	300	255	3.0	3.1	2.8
Intraprovincial migrants	525	290	235	2.8	3.0	2.6
Interprovincial migrants	30	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.3
External migrants	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	17,760	9,205	8,555	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	13,305	6,955	6,350	74.9	75.6	74.2
Movers	4,455	2,250	2,205	25.1	24.4	25.8
Non-migrants	1,500	780	720	8.4	8.5	8.4
Migrants	2,955	1,470	1,485	16.6	16.0	17.4
Internal migrants	2,760	1,335	1,425	15.5	14.5	16.7
Intraprovincial migrants	2,685	1,300	1,385	15.1	14.1	16.2
Interprovincial migrants	70	40	35	0.4	0.4	0.4
External migrants	190	130	60	1.1	1.4	0.7
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	15,320	7,970	7,355	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	4,370	2,510	1,855	28.5	31.5	25.2
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	10,950	5,460	5,495	71.5	68.5	74.7
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	9,365	4,860	4,510	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,835	1,160	675	19.6	23.9	15.0
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	7,530	3,690	3,835	80.4	75.9	85.0
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	15,320	7,970	7,350	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	3,850	2,150	1,700	25.1	27.0	23.1
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	3,585	1,890	1,700	23.4	23.7	23.1
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	7,885	3,930	3,955	51.5	49.3	53.8
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	6,370	3,290	3,085	41.6	41.3	42.0
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	3,595	2,220	1,380	23.5	27.9	18.8
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	2,665	1,450	1,215	17.4	18.2	16.5
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	940	770	160	6.1	9.7	2.2
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	2,440	955	1,480	15.9	12.0	20.1
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	330	120	220	2.2	1.5	3.0
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,515	640	880	9.9	8.0	12.0
Bachelor's degree	1,180	500	675	7.7	6.3	9.2
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	140	60	75	0.9	0.8	1.0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	25	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Master's degree	160	55	105	1.0	0.7	1.4
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	9,360	4,855	4,510	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,445	895	550	15.4	18.4	12.2
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,835	1,020	810	19.6	21.0	18.0
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,080	2,935	3,145	65.0	60.5	69.7
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	4,850	2,485	2,365	51.8	51.2	52.4
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,885	1,745	1,135	30.8	35.9	25.2
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	2,140	1,135	1,005	22.9	23.4	22.3
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	740	610	125	7.9	12.6	2.8
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,740	645	1,095	18.6	13.3	24.3
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	225	90	140	2.4	1.9	3.1
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,230	450	775	13.1	9.3	17.2
Bachelor's degree	950	360	595	10.1	7.4	13.2
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	115	45	70	1.2	0.9	1.6
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	20	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.4
Master's degree	140	45	95	1.5	0.9	2.1
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	15,325	7,965	7,355	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	7,440	4,040	3,400	48.5	50.7	46.2
Education	775	165	610	5.1	2.1	8.3
13. Education	775	165	610	5.1	2.1	8.3
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	215	95	120	1.4	1.2	1.6
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	75	55	15	0.5	0.7	0.2
50. Visual and performing arts	135	35	100	0.9	0.4	1.4
Humanities	285	125	155	1.9	1.6	2.1
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	175	70	110	1.1	0.9	1.5
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
39. Theology and religious vocations	30	30	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
54. History	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	35	20	20	0.2	0.3	0.3
Social and behavioural sciences and law	365	100	260	2.4	1.3	3.5
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	40	10	25	0.3	0.1	0.3
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	135	10	125	0.9	0.1	1.7
22. Legal professions and studies	70	30	40	0.5	0.4	0.5
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	60	10	55	0.4	0.1	0.7
45. Social sciences	65	50	15	0.4	0.6	0.2
Business, management and public administration	1,645	420	1,225	10.7	5.3	16.7
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	75	20	60	0.5	0.3	0.8
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,575	405	1,170	10.3	5.1	15.9
Physical and life sciences and technologies	120	70	55	0.8	0.9	0.7
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	25	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	40	20	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
40. Physical sciences	40	30	10	0.3	0.4	0.1
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	130	70	55	0.8	0.9	0.7
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	115	65	55	0.8	0.8	0.7
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	2,230	2,085	140	14.6	26.2	1.9
04. Architecture and related services	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
14. Engineering	125	115	10	0.8	1.4	0.1
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	390	310	75	2.5	3.9	1.0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	640	620	15	4.2	7.8	0.2
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	570	570	0	3.7	7.2	0.0
48. Precision production	465	450	15	3.0	5.6	0.2
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	425	320	105	2.8	4.0	1.4
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	390	285	105	2.5	3.6	1.4
03. Natural resources and conservation	40	40	0	0.3	0.5	0.0
Health and related fields	1,020	210	810	6.7	2.6	11.0
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	40	20	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	970	185	785	6.3	2.3	10.7
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	680	265	410	4.4	3.3	5.6
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	450	80	370	2.9	1.0	5.0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	65	35	25	0.4	0.4	0.3
49. Transportation and materials moving	165	150	15	1.1	1.9	0.2
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	9,365	4,855	4,505	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	3,285	1,920	1,365	35.1	39.5	30.3
Education	555	90	465	5.9	1.9	10.3
13. Education	555	90	465	5.9	1.9	10.3
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	160	55	105	1.7	1.1	2.3
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	40	25	15	0.4	0.5	0.3
50. Visual and performing arts	120	25	90	1.3	0.5	2.0
Humanities	185	70	115	2.0	1.4	2.6
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	115	40	75	1.2	0.8	1.7
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
39. Theology and religious vocations	20	20	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
54. History	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	20	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Social and behavioural sciences and law	295	70	225	3.2	1.4	5.0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	35	10	30	0.4	0.2	0.7
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	115	0	115	1.2	0.0	2.6
22. Legal professions and studies	55	20	30	0.6	0.4	0.7
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	45	0	40	0.5	0.0	0.9
45. Social sciences	45	35	15	0.5	0.7	0.3
Business, management and public administration	1,375	340	1,035	14.7	7.0	23.0
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	70	15	55	0.7	0.3	1.2
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,305	325	980	13.9	6.7	21.8
Physical and life sciences and technologies	75	45	30	0.8	0.9	0.7
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	15	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
40. Physical sciences	40	30	10	0.4	0.6	0.2
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	115	65	50	1.2	1.3	1.1
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	105	55	50	1.1	1.1	1.1
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,780	1,660	125	19.0	34.2	2.8
04. Architecture and related services	35	15	20	0.4	0.3	0.4
14. Engineering	105	95	10	1.1	2.0	0.2
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	300	225	65	3.2	4.6	1.4
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	465	455	15	5.0	9.4	0.3
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	480	475	0	5.1	9.8	0.0
48. Precision production	400	390	15	4.3	8.0	0.3
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	295	230	65	3.2	4.7	1.4
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	270	205	65	2.9	4.2	1.4
03. Natural resources and conservation	25	25	0	0.3	0.5	0.0
Health and related fields	695	125	565	7.4	2.6	12.5
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	25	20	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	665	105	560	7.1	2.2	12.4
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	545	190	360	5.8	3.9	8.0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	370	45	325	4.0	0.9	7.2
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	45	25	20	0.5	0.5	0.4
49. Transportation and materials moving	135	115	10	1.4	2.4	0.2
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	9,365	4,855	4,505	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,285	1,920	1,365	35.1	39.5	30.3
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	6,080	2,940	3,145	64.9	60.6	69.8
Location of study inside Canada	5,930	2,840	3,095	63.3	58.5	68.7
Same as province or territory of residence	5,870	2,800	3,070	62.7	57.7	68.1
Different than province or territory of residence	60	35	25	0.6	0.7	0.6
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	150	100	50	1.6	2.1	1.1
Americas	40	35	0	0.4	0.7	0.0
United States of America	15	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	30	30	0	0.3	0.6	0.0
Europe	40	20	25	0.4	0.4	0.6
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	35	20	15	0.4	0.4	0.3
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	55	40	15	0.6	0.8	0.3
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	30	20	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
Asia	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	15,320	7,970	7,350	...	...	...
In the labour force	10,180	5,550	4,625	...	...	...
Employed	9,735	5,320	4,410	...	...	...
Unemployed	445	230	215	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	5,145	2,420	2,725	...	...	...
Participation rate	66.4	69.6	62.9	66.4	69.6	62.9
Employment rate	63.5	66.8	60.0	63.5	66.8	60.0
Unemployment rate	4.4	4.1	4.6	4.4	4.1	4.6
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	15,325	7,970	7,355	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	4,845	2,220	2,625	31.6	27.9	35.7
Worked	10,470	5,745	4,725	68.3	72.1	64.2
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	5,805	3,445	2,355	37.9	43.2	32.0
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	4,670	2,300	2,370	30.5	28.9	32.2
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.1	43.8	42.2	43.1	43.8	42.2
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	10,180	5,555	4,625	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	125	75	50	1.2	1.4	1.1
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	10,055	5,475	4,580	98.8	98.6	99.0
Employee	8,575	4,455	4,115	84.2	80.2	89.0
Permanent position	7,290	3,905	3,380	71.6	70.3	73.1
Temporary position	1,290	555	735	12.7	10.0	15.9
Fixed term (1 year or more)	400	190	210	3.9	3.4	4.5
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	885	365	520	8.7	6.6	11.2
Self-employed¹⁹²	1,480	1,015	460	14.5	18.3	9.9
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	10,180	5,555	4,625	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	125	75	50	1.2	1.4	1.1
All occupations¹⁹¹	10,055	5,475	4,580	98.8	98.6	99.0
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	185	140	45	1.8	2.5	1.0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,440	375	1,070	14.1	6.8	23.1
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	420	315	105	4.1	5.7	2.3
3 Health occupations	630	120	510	6.2	2.2	11.0
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	990	170	815	9.7	3.1	17.6
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	135	65	70	1.3	1.2	1.5
6 Sales and service occupations	2,270	890	1,375	22.3	16.0	29.7
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,180	2,010	165	21.4	36.2	3.6
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	620	530	95	6.1	9.5	2.1
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,185	860	325	11.6	15.5	7.0
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	10,180	5,555	4,625	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	125	75	50	1.2	1.4	1.1
All industries¹⁹¹	10,055	5,475	4,580	98.8	98.6	99.0
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	735	550	180	7.2	9.9	3.9
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	15	15	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
22 Utilities	40	20	10	0.4	0.4	0.2
23 Construction	985	825	160	9.7	14.9	3.5
31-33 Manufacturing	2,480	1,740	745	24.4	31.3	16.1
41 Wholesale trade	225	165	65	2.2	3.0	1.4
44-45 Retail trade	1,185	480	705	11.6	8.6	15.2
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	355	290	65	3.5	5.2	1.4
51 Information and cultural industries	95	50	40	0.9	0.9	0.9
52 Finance and insurance	220	75	145	2.2	1.4	3.1
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	45	15	25	0.4	0.3	0.5
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	310	165	140	3.0	3.0	3.0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	245	140	105	2.4	2.5	2.3
61 Educational services	680	145	530	6.7	2.6	11.5
62 Health care and social assistance	1,305	205	1,100	12.8	3.7	23.8
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	50	40	10	0.5	0.7	0.2
72 Accommodation and food services	400	150	250	3.9	2.7	5.4
81 Other services (except public administration)	420	260	170	4.1	4.7	3.7
91 Public administration	275	140	125	2.7	2.5	2.7
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	11,020	6,020	5,000	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	30	25	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
French	10,310	5,580	4,735	93.6	92.7	94.7
Non-official language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	635	390	245	5.8	6.5	4.9
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	25	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.4
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	11,020	6,020	5,000	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	10,925	5,965	4,960	99.1	99.1	99.2
Official languages	10,920	5,955	4,960	99.1	98.9	99.2
English	155	105	50	1.4	1.7	1.0
French	10,760	5,850	4,905	97.6	97.2	98.1
Non-official languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	100	60	45	0.9	1.0	0.9
English and French	90	50	45	0.8	0.8	0.9
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	11,020	6,020	5,000	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	10,445	5,665	4,780	94.8	94.1	95.6
English	420	260	160	3.8	4.3	3.2
French	120	75	45	1.1	1.2	0.9
Non-official language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	15	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.4
French and non-official language(s)	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	9,730	5,320	4,410	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	1,365	695	670	14.0	13.1	15.2
Worked outside Canada	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
No fixed workplace address	1,050	795	255	10.8	14.9	5.8
Usual place of work	7,310	3,820	3,490	75.1	71.8	79.1
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	7,310	3,820	3,485	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	3,000	1,530	1,470	41.0	40.1	42.2
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,330	680	650	18.2	17.8	18.7
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	2,980	1,610	1,370	40.8	42.1	39.3
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	8,360	4,615	3,745	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	7,780	4,315	3,465	93.1	93.5	92.5
Car, truck or van - as a driver	7,390	4,100	3,290	88.4	88.8	87.9
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	390	220	170	4.7	4.8	4.5
Public transit	15	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Walked	470	230	235	5.6	5.0	6.3
Bicycle	20	20	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Other method	75	30	40	0.9	0.7	1.1
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	8,360	4,615	3,745	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	3,790	2,035	1,750	45.3	44.1	46.7
15 to 29 minutes	2,875	1,535	1,340	34.4	33.3	35.8
30 to 44 minutes	1,015	570	445	12.1	12.4	11.9
45 to 59 minutes	305	180	120	3.6	3.9	3.2
60 minutes and over	380	295	85	4.5	6.4	2.3
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	8,360	4,615	3,745	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	695	565	135	8.3	12.2	3.6
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,845	1,315	525	22.1	28.5	14.0
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	2,620	1,230	1,390	31.3	26.7	37.1
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,350	515	835	16.1	11.2	22.3
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	485	150	340	5.8	3.3	9.1
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,365	845	525	16.3	18.3	14.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	4,145	2,115	2,030	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	175	85	85	4.2	4.0	4.2
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	3,975	2,025	1,945	95.9	95.7	95.8
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	3,115	1,630	1,485	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	145	75	70	4.7	4.6	4.7
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	105	50	50	3.4	3.1	3.4
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	40	20	25	1.3	1.2	1.7
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,970	1,555	1,415	95.3	95.4	95.3

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 18, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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