Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Rivière-du-LoupMore information: Quebec [Population centre]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	19,081	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	18,321^r	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	4.1	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total private dwellings²	9,454	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	8,993	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	945.8	...	...	945.8	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	20.17	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	19,085	9,180	9,910	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	2,675	1,385	1,290	14.0	15.1	13.0
0 to 4 years	765	395	375	4.0	4.3	3.8
5 to 9 years	890	455	435	4.7	5.0	4.4
10 to 14 years	1,020	540	475	5.3	5.9	4.8
15 to 64 years	11,150	5,580	5,570	58.4	60.8	56.2
15 to 19 years	1,005	530	475	5.3	5.8	4.8
20 to 24 years	985	505	485	5.2	5.5	4.9
25 to 29 years	1,045	555	490	5.5	6.0	4.9
30 to 34 years	1,020	535	490	5.3	5.8	4.9
35 to 39 years	1,100	555	535	5.8	6.0	5.4
40 to 44 years	1,150	570	580	6.0	6.2	5.9
45 to 49 years	1,085	535	550	5.7	5.8	5.5
50 to 54 years	980	485	490	5.1	5.3	4.9
55 to 59 years	1,340	620	720	7.0	6.8	7.3
60 to 64 years	1,445	685	760	7.6	7.5	7.7
65 years and over	5,265	2,215	3,050	27.6	24.1	30.8
65 to 69 years	1,475	670	805	7.7	7.3	8.1
70 to 74 years	1,290	575	715	6.8	6.3	7.2
75 to 79 years	1,020	445	575	5.3	4.8	5.8
80 to 84 years	650	270	385	3.4	2.9	3.9
85 years and over	825	255	570	4.3	2.8	5.8
85 to 89 years	510	155	360	2.7	1.7	3.6
90 to 94 years	245	90	160	1.3	1.0	1.6
95 to 99 years	55	5	50	0.3	0.1	0.5
100 years and over	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	14.0	15.1	13.0	14.0	15.1	13.0
15 to 64 years	58.4	60.8	56.2	58.4	60.8	56.2
65 years and over	27.6	24.1	30.8	27.6	24.1	30.8
85 years and over	4.3	2.8	5.8	4.3	2.8	5.8
Average age of the population	46.2	44.1	48.2	46.2	44.1	48.2
Median age of the population	47.2	44.4	50.8	47.2	44.4	50.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	8,995	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	3,725	...	...	41.4	...	...
Semi-detached house	630	...	...	7.0	...	...
Row house	155	...	...	1.7	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	550	...	...	6.1	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	3,795	...	...	42.2	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	50	...	...	0.6	...	...
Other single-attached house	80	...	...	0.9	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	15	...	...	0.2	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	8,990	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	3,790	...	...	42.2	...	...
2 persons	3,175	...	...	35.3	...	...
3 persons	915	...	...	10.2	...	...
4 persons	760	...	...	8.5	...	...
5 or more persons	350	...	...	3.9	...	...
Number of persons in private households	17,835	8,710	9,125	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	16,410	7,790	8,620	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	8,735	4,365	4,370	53.2	56.0	50.7
Married	4,135	2,070	2,065	25.2	26.6	24.0
Living common-law	4,605	2,295	2,310	28.1	29.5	26.8
Living common law - Never married	3,865	1,925	1,940	23.6	24.7	22.5
Living common law - Separated	35	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
Living common law - Divorced	610	325	290	3.7	4.2	3.4
Living common law - Widowed	95	40	55	0.6	0.5	0.6
Not married and not living common-law	7,670	3,425	4,250	46.7	44.0	49.3
Not married and not living common law - Never married	5,060	2,645	2,420	30.8	34.0	28.1
Not married and not living common law - Separated	190	90	100	1.2	1.2	1.2
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	1,200	435	765	7.3	5.6	8.9
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	1,225	250	970	7.5	3.2	11.3
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	4,950	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	3,020	...	...	61.0	...	...
3 persons	870	...	...	17.6	...	...
4 persons	745	...	...	15.1	...	...
5 or more persons	320	...	...	6.5	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	4,950	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	4,240	...	...	85.7	...	...
Married couples	1,945	...	...	39.3	...	...
With children⁶	485	...	...	9.8	...	...
Without children	1,460	...	...	29.5	...	...
Common-law couples	2,295	...	...	46.4	...	...
With children⁶	1,150	...	...	23.2	...	...
Without children	1,145	...	...	23.1	...	...
Total one-parent families	710	...	...	14.3	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	550	...	...	11.1	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	160	...	...	3.2	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	17,835	8,710	9,125	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	13,310	6,560	6,745	74.6	75.3	73.9
Married spouses or common-law partners	8,475	4,230	4,250	47.5	48.6	46.6
Parents in one-parent families	710	165	550	4.0	1.9	6.0
Children⁶	4,120	2,175	1,950	23.1	25.0	21.4
In a two-parent family	3,025	1,590	1,435	17.0	18.3	15.7
In a one-parent family	1,095	580	515	6.1	6.7	5.6
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	4,530	2,150	2,375	25.4	24.7	26.0
Living alone	3,790	1,720	2,065	21.3	19.7	22.6
Living with other relatives⁷	210	90	110	1.2	1.0	1.2
Living with non-relatives only	530	335	195	3.0	3.8	2.1
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	8,990	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	4,840	...	...	53.8	...	...
Couple-family households	4,165	...	...	46.3	...	...
With children⁶	1,610	...	...	17.9	...	...
Without children	2,555	...	...	28.4	...	...
One-parent-family households	675	...	...	7.5	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	25	...	...	0.3	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	5	...	...	0.1	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	65	...	...	0.7	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	265	...	...	2.9	...	...
One-person households	3,790	...	...	42.2	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	15,170	7,335	7,835	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	14,985	7,255	7,730	98.8	98.9	98.7
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,600	44,400	36,000	39,600	44,400	36,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	14,985	7,255	7,730	98.8	98.9	98.7
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,200	38,800	32,400	35,200	38,800	32,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	13,400	6,630	6,765	88.3	90.4	86.3
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	32,800	38,800	27,400	32,800	38,800	27,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	10,505	5,490	5,010	69.2	74.8	63.9
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,000	40,000	32,000	36,000	40,000	32,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	12,780	5,915	6,865	84.2	80.6	87.6
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,800	10,000	12,700	11,800	10,000	12,700
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,890	1,015	870	12.5	13.8	11.1
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,640	5,520	5,840	5,640	5,520	5,840
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	3,975	2,065	1,910	26.2	28.2	24.4
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	6,000	6,500	6,000	6,000	6,500
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	15,235	7,400	7,835	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	14,995	7,325	7,670	98.4	99.0	97.9
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	48,920	56,200	41,960	48,920	56,200	41,960
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	14,995	7,325	7,670	98.4	99.0	97.9
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,280	44,600	36,120	40,280	44,600	36,120
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	13,435	6,640	6,795	88.2	89.7	86.7
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,800	51,800	33,960	42,800	51,800	33,960
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	10,535	5,480	5,055	69.1	74.1	64.5
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,800	46,640	36,520	41,800	46,640	36,520
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	12,740	5,900	6,840	83.6	79.7	87.3
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,470	11,520	13,300	12,470	11,520	13,300
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,815	935	880	11.9	12.6	11.2
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,380	6,540	8,260	7,380	6,540	8,260
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,030	2,075	1,955	26.5	28.0	25.0
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,230	6,760	7,730	7,230	6,760	7,730
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	15,240	7,405	7,830	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	5,055	2,750	2,305	33.2	37.1	29.4
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	50,400	54,400	46,400	50,400	54,400	46,400
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	59,550	64,100	54,150	59,550	64,100	54,150
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	4,495	2,130	2,365	29.5	28.8	30.2
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	19,800	24,600	18,000	19,800	24,600	18,000
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	28,000	33,760	22,860	28,000	33,760	22,860
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	78.4	83.4	71.8	78.4	83.4	71.8
Employment income (%)¹⁹	60.0	62.1	57.4	60.0	62.1	57.4
Government transfers (%)²⁰	21.7	16.5	28.3	21.7	16.5	28.3
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.8	1.5	2.3	1.8	1.5	2.3
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	4.8	3.9	5.9	4.8	3.9	5.9
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.0	3.4	4.7	4.0	3.4	4.7
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	15,170	7,330	7,835	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	185	80	105	1.2	1.1	1.3
With total income	14,985	7,255	7,735	98.8	99.0	98.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	800	330	475	5.3	4.5	6.1
$10,000 to $19,999	1,955	770	1,185	13.0	10.6	15.3
$20,000 to $29,999	2,565	1,080	1,490	17.1	14.9	19.3
$30,000 to $39,999	2,235	980	1,255	14.9	13.5	16.2
$40,000 to $49,999	2,125	1,030	1,090	14.2	14.2	14.1
$50,000 to $59,999	1,705	935	770	11.4	12.9	10.0
$60,000 to $69,999	1,145	680	465	7.6	9.4	6.0
$70,000 to $79,999	725	430	295	4.8	5.9	3.8
$80,000 to $89,999	555	310	240	3.7	4.3	3.1
$90,000 to $99,999	380	190	195	2.5	2.6	2.5
$100,000 and over	795	515	280	5.3	7.1	3.6
$100,000 to $149,999	570	360	210	3.8	5.0	2.7
$150,000 and over	225	155	65	1.5	2.1	0.8
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	15,170	7,330	7,835	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	185	80	105	1.2	1.1	1.3
With after-tax income	14,985	7,255	7,735	98.8	99.0	98.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	875	345	530	5.8	4.8	6.9
$10,000 to $19,999	2,065	825	1,230	13.8	11.4	15.9
$20,000 to $29,999	3,035	1,285	1,745	20.3	17.7	22.6
$30,000 to $39,999	2,845	1,350	1,500	19.0	18.6	19.4
$40,000 to $49,999	2,515	1,335	1,185	16.8	18.4	15.3
$50,000 to $59,999	1,475	875	605	9.8	12.1	7.8
$60,000 to $69,999	905	505	395	6.0	7.0	5.1
$70,000 to $79,999	550	270	280	3.7	3.7	3.6
$80,000 to $89,999	280	160	120	1.9	2.2	1.6
$90,000 to $99,999	160	110	50	1.1	1.5	0.6
$100,000 and over	295	195	95	2.0	2.7	1.2
$100,000 to $124,999	145	90	60	1.0	1.2	0.8
$125,000 and over	145	105	40	1.0	1.4	0.5
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	15,170	7,330	7,835	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	4,670	1,845	2,825	30.8	25.2	36.1
With employment income	10,500	5,490	5,010	69.2	74.9	63.9
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,185	655	530	11.3	11.9	10.6
$5,000 to $9,999	880	400	480	8.4	7.3	9.6
$10,000 to $19,999	1,285	535	750	12.2	9.7	15.0
$20,000 to $29,999	1,160	540	615	11.0	9.8	12.3
$30,000 to $39,999	1,280	605	675	12.2	11.0	13.5
$40,000 to $49,999	1,310	705	610	12.5	12.8	12.2
$50,000 to $59,999	980	580	405	9.3	10.6	8.1
$60,000 to $69,999	685	430	260	6.5	7.8	5.2
$70,000 to $79,999	505	305	200	4.8	5.6	4.0
$80,000 to $89,999	425	225	205	4.0	4.1	4.1
$90,000 to $99,999	230	130	100	2.2	2.4	2.0
$100,000 and over	580	385	195	5.5	7.0	3.9
$100,000 to $124,999	300	185	115	2.9	3.4	2.3
$125,000 and over	280	200	85	2.7	3.6	1.7
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	15,170	7,335	7,835	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	14,825	7,160	7,660	97.7	97.6	97.8
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	37,200	42,400	33,200	37,200	42,400	33,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	14,825	7,160	7,665	97.7	97.6	97.8
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	33,200	36,800	29,800	33,200	36,800	29,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	13,290	6,575	6,710	87.6	89.6	85.6
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	33,200	38,800	28,000	33,200	38,800	28,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	10,655	5,545	5,110	70.2	75.6	65.2
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,200	39,200	31,200	35,200	39,200	31,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	11,645	5,265	6,380	76.8	71.8	81.4
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,200	7,650	10,400	9,200	7,650	10,400
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	1,860	1,020	840	12.3	13.9	10.7
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,720	4,480	5,040	4,720	4,480	5,040
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	15,235	7,400	7,835	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	14,855	7,230	7,630	97.5	97.7	97.4
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	45,960	53,050	39,280	45,960	53,050	39,280
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	14,860	7,230	7,630	97.5	97.7	97.4
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,120	42,600	33,840	38,120	42,600	33,840
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	13,415	6,615	6,800	88.1	89.4	86.8
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,280	50,680	34,120	42,280	50,680	34,120
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	10,745	5,545	5,200	70.5	74.9	66.4
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,920	45,640	35,880	40,920	45,640	35,880
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	11,685	5,300	6,390	76.7	71.6	81.6
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,900	9,090	10,570	9,900	9,090	10,570
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,770	950	825	11.6	12.8	10.5
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,570	5,690	7,580	6,570	5,690	7,580
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	15,240	7,405	7,830	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	5,025	2,720	2,305	33.0	36.7	29.4
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	47,600	52,800	42,800	47,600	52,800	42,800
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	56,100	60,950	50,400	56,100	60,950	50,400
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	4,335	2,040	2,295	28.4	27.5	29.3
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	24,000	30,000	21,800	24,000	30,000	21,800
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	32,200	37,880	27,120	32,200	37,880	27,120
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	83.0	87.4	77.4	83.0	87.4	77.4
Employment income (%)	64.4	66.0	62.3	64.4	66.0	62.3
Government transfers (%)	17.0	12.6	22.6	17.0	12.6	22.6
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.7	1.4	2.1	1.7	1.4	2.1
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	8,995	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	61,600	...	...	61,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	54,000	...	...	54,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	3,790	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	35,600	...	...	35,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	32,400	...	...	32,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	5,205	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	90,000	...	...	90,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	77,500	...	...	77,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	9,040	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	81,100	...	...	81,100	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	66,800	...	...	66,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	3,810	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	42,400	...	...	42,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	36,320	...	...	36,320	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	5,235	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	109,300	...	...	109,300	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	88,900	...	...	88,900	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	8,995	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	45	...	...	0.5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	60	...	...	0.7	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	160	...	...	1.8	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	275	...	...	3.1	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	680	...	...	7.6	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	405	...	...	4.5	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	440	...	...	4.9	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	530	...	...	5.9	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	490	...	...	5.4	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	440	...	...	4.9	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	845	...	...	9.4	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	700	...	...	7.8	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	625	...	...	6.9	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	525	...	...	5.8	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	480	...	...	5.3	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,285	...	...	25.4	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	870	...	...	9.7	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	555	...	...	6.2	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	525	...	...	5.8	...	...
$200,000 and over	340	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	8,995	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	50	...	...	0.6	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	65	...	...	0.7	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	160	...	...	1.8	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	290	...	...	3.2	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	740	...	...	8.2	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	510	...	...	5.7	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	570	...	...	6.3	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	630	...	...	7.0	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	535	...	...	5.9	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	540	...	...	6.0	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	925	...	...	10.3	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	755	...	...	8.4	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	650	...	...	7.2	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	550	...	...	6.1	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	475	...	...	5.3	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,540	...	...	17.1	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	755	...	...	8.4	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	370	...	...	4.1	...	...
$150,000 and over	415	...	...	4.6	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	5,010	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	90,000	...	...	90,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	78,000	...	...	78,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	2,565	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	78,000	...	...	78,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	68,000	...	...	68,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	1,640	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	132,000	...	...	132,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	110,000	...	...	110,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	705	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	64,500	...	...	64,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	58,800	...	...	58,800	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	4,320	2,055	2,265	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	34,800	37,600	32,400	34,800	37,600	32,400
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	31,400	33,600	30,000	31,400	33,600	30,000
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	5,015	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	110,200	...	...	110,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	89,500	...	...	89,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,565	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	98,400	...	...	98,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	79,000	...	...	79,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,675	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	145,400	...	...	145,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	117,100	...	...	117,100	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	685	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	70,400	...	...	70,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	62,000	...	...	62,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	4,375	2,150	2,225	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	41,360	43,320	39,440	41,360	43,320	39,440
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	35,480	36,400	34,560	35,480	36,400	34,560
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	17,835	8,715	9,120	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	3,210	1,655	1,550	18.0	19.0	17.0
0 to 5 years	915	470	450	5.1	5.4	4.9
18 to 64 years	10,395	5,185	5,210	58.3	59.5	57.1
65 years and over	4,235	1,870	2,360	23.7	21.5	25.9
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	2,305	1,015	1,290	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	220	110	110	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	65	30	35	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	1,130	585	545	...	...	...
65 years and over	960	325	630	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	12.9	11.7	14.1	12.9	11.7	14.1
0 to 17 years (%)	6.8	6.5	7.1	6.8	6.5	7.1
0 to 5 years (%)	7.0	6.4	7.6	7.0	6.4	7.6
18 to 64 years (%)	10.9	11.3	10.5	10.9	11.3	10.5
65 years and over (%)	22.7	17.5	26.8	22.7	17.5	26.8
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	17,835	8,710	9,125	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	3,205	1,660	1,550	18.0	19.1	17.0
0 to 5 years	920	465	450	5.2	5.3	4.9
18 to 64 years	10,395	5,185	5,215	58.3	59.5	57.2
65 years and over	4,230	1,870	2,360	23.7	21.5	25.9
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	590	320	265	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	35	25	10	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	5	5	5	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	495	275	220	...	...	...
65 years and over	55	20	35	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.3	3.7	2.9	3.3	3.7	2.9
0 to 17 years (%)	1.1	1.5	0.6	1.1	1.5	0.6
0 to 5 years (%)	0.6	x	x	0.6	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	4.8	5.3	4.2	4.8	5.3	4.2
65 years and over (%)	1.3	1.1	1.5	1.3	1.1	1.5
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	17,835	8,715	9,120	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	10,870	5,160	5,710	60.9	59.2	62.6
In bottom decile	1,955	900	1,060	11.0	10.3	11.6
In second decile	2,100	945	1,155	11.8	10.8	12.7
In third decile	2,340	1,095	1,240	13.1	12.6	13.6
In fourth decile	2,150	1,065	1,090	12.1	12.2	12.0
In fifth decile	2,330	1,160	1,165	13.1	13.3	12.8
In top half of the distribution	6,965	3,555	3,410	39.1	40.8	37.4
In sixth decile	2,050	1,060	985	11.5	12.2	10.8
In seventh decile	1,850	925	920	10.4	10.6	10.1
In eighth decile	1,410	700	710	7.9	8.0	7.8
In ninth decile	965	490	475	5.4	5.6	5.2
In top decile	690	375	320	3.9	4.3	3.5
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	17,835	...	...	17,835	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.301	...	...	0.301	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.432	...	...	0.432	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.258	...	...	0.258	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.2	...	...	3.2	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	18,705	9,060	9,650	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
French only	13,955	6,375	7,575	74.6	70.4	78.5
English and French	4,680	2,625	2,060	25.0	29.0	21.3
Neither English nor French	65	55	10	0.3	0.6	0.1
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	18,705	9,060	9,650	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	95	60	40	0.5	0.7	0.4
French	18,485	8,910	9,575	98.8	98.3	99.2
English and French	65	40	25	0.3	0.4	0.3
Neither English nor French	65	55	10	0.3	0.6	0.1
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	18,705	9,060	9,650	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	18,570	8,980	9,595	99.3	99.1	99.4
Official languages	18,300	8,820	9,480	97.8	97.4	98.2
English	95	60	40	0.5	0.7	0.4
French	18,205	8,765	9,440	97.3	96.7	97.8
Non-official languages	270	155	115	1.4	1.7	1.2
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	270	155	115	1.4	1.7	1.2
Afro-Asiatic languages	80	40	35	0.4	0.4	0.4
Berber languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kabyle	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	65	30	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	65	30	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Merina	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	10	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Haitian Creole	10	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	130	85	45	0.7	0.9	0.5
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	115	80	35	0.6	0.9	0.4
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	95	70	25	0.5	0.8	0.3
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Lao	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Thai	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	135	80	55	0.7	0.9	0.6
English and French	80	50	30	0.4	0.6	0.3
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	45	25	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	18,705	9,060	9,650	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	40	25	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
French	18,065	8,675	9,390	96.6	95.8	97.3
Non-official language	105	75	30	0.6	0.8	0.3
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	105	75	30	0.6	0.8	0.3
English and French	365	220	140	2.0	2.4	1.5
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	100	50	55	0.5	0.6	0.6
English, French and non-official language(s)	40	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	18,705	9,060	9,650	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	18,580	8,985	9,600	99.3	99.2	99.5
Official languages	18,435	8,895	9,545	98.6	98.2	98.9
English	60	40	25	0.3	0.4	0.3
French	18,370	8,855	9,515	98.2	97.7	98.6
Non-official languages	150	95	50	0.8	1.0	0.5
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	150	95	50	0.8	1.0	0.5
Afro-Asiatic languages	35	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Berber languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Haitian Creole	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	90	65	20	0.5	0.7	0.2
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	85	70	15	0.5	0.8	0.2
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	70	60	10	0.4	0.7	0.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	125	75	50	0.7	0.8	0.5
English and French	85	45	35	0.5	0.5	0.4
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	35	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	18,705	9,060	9,650	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	18,320	8,835	9,480	97.9	97.5	98.2
English	265	160	105	1.4	1.8	1.1
French	50	25	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
Non-official language	45	15	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	45	15	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
English and French	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and non-official language(s)	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	17,920	8,815	9,100	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	17,845	8,755	9,090	99.6	99.3	99.9
English	4,570	2,655	1,915	25.5	30.1	21.0
French	17,835	8,750	9,085	99.5	99.3	99.8
Non-official languages	725	385	335	4.0	4.4	3.7
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	725	385	335	4.0	4.4	3.7
Afro-Asiatic languages	160	85	75	0.9	1.0	0.8
Berber languages	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Kabyle	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	140	80	65	0.8	0.9	0.7
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	140	80	65	0.8	0.9	0.7
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Haitian Creole	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	410	230	180	2.3	2.6	2.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Russian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	60	40	15	0.3	0.5	0.2
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	40	25	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
German	40	25	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	20	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	360	200	155	2.0	2.3	1.7
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Portuguese	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	325	185	140	1.8	2.1	1.5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	65	30	25	0.4	0.3	0.3
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	40	30	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	45	25	20	0.3	0.3	0.2
Chinese languages	45	25	20	0.3	0.3	0.2
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	40	25	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	25	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Lao	25	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	17,920	8,815	9,100	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	295	110	180	1.6	1.2	2.0
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	270	110	160	1.5	1.2	1.8
First Nations (North American Indian)	140	65	75	0.8	0.7	0.8
Métis	130	45	85	0.7	0.5	0.9
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Non-Indigenous identity	17,625	8,705	8,920	98.4	98.8	98.0
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	17,920	8,815	9,100	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	65	20	40	0.4	0.2	0.4
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	17,855	8,795	9,060	99.6	99.8	99.6
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	9,040	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	4,760	...	...	52.7	...	...
Renter	4,285	...	...	47.4	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	9,040	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	870	...	...	9.6	...	...
Not condominium	8,170	...	...	90.4	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	9,040	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	100	...	...	1.1	...	...
1 bedroom	1,205	...	...	13.3	...	...
2 bedrooms	3,125	...	...	34.6	...	...
3 bedrooms	2,745	...	...	30.4	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,865	...	...	20.6	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	9,040	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	3,630	...	...	40.2	...	...
5 rooms	1,255	...	...	13.9	...	...
6 rooms	915	...	...	10.1	...	...
7 rooms	925	...	...	10.2	...	...
8 or more rooms	2,315	...	...	25.6	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.8	...	...	5.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	9,040	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	9,020	...	...	99.8	...	...
More than one person per room	20	...	...	0.2	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	9,040	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	8,970	...	...	99.2	...	...
Not suitable	75	...	...	0.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	9,040	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	2,150	...	...	23.8	...	...
1961 to 1980	2,600	...	...	28.8	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,165	...	...	12.9	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,055	...	...	11.7	...	...
2001 to 2005	525	...	...	5.8	...	...
2006 to 2010	620	...	...	6.9	...	...
2011 to 2015	615	...	...	6.8	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	305	...	...	3.4	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	9,040	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	8,595	...	...	95.1	...	...
Major repairs needed	450	...	...	5.0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	9,040	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	5,525	...	...	61.1	...	...
Two-maintainer household	3,415	...	...	37.8	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	100	...	...	1.1	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	9,040	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	415	...	...	4.6	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,160	...	...	12.8	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,425	...	...	15.8	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,355	...	...	15.0	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,755	...	...	19.4	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,795	...	...	19.9	...	...
75 to 84 years	940	...	...	10.4	...	...
85 years and over	210	...	...	2.3	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	9,005	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	7,915	...	...	87.9	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	1,090	...	...	12.1	...	...
30% to less than 100%	1,010	...	...	11.2	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	9,040	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	1,545	...	...	17.1	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	1,020	...	...	11.3	...	...
Not suitable only	75	...	...	0.8	...	...
Major repairs needed only	380	...	...	4.2	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	65	...	...	0.7	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	7,500	...	...	83.0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	8,930	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	265	...	...	3.0	...	...
Not in core need	8,665	...	...	97.0	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	4,755	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	58.7	...	...	58.7	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	5.7	...	...	5.7	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	930	...	...	930	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	991	...	...	991	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	220,000	...	...	220,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	232,200	...	...	232,200	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	4,280	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	9.3	...	...	9.3	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	19.3	...	...	19.3	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	6.1	...	...	6.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	640	...	...	640	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	653	...	...	653	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	17,915	8,820	9,100	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	305	140	165	1.7	1.6	1.8
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	305	140	165	1.7	1.6	1.8
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	255	110	140	1.4	1.2	1.5
Métis single ancestry	55	30	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	360	160	195	2.0	1.8	2.1
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	360	160	195	2.0	1.8	2.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	290	135	150	1.6	1.5	1.6
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	70	25	45	0.4	0.3	0.5
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	17,250	8,515	8,735	96.3	96.5	96.0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	17,915	8,815	9,100	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	17,415	8,520	8,900	97.2	96.7	97.8
Canadian citizens aged under 18	3,135	1,645	1,495	17.5	18.7	16.4
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	14,280	6,875	7,405	79.7	78.0	81.4
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	500	300	200	2.8	3.4	2.2
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	17,915	8,815	9,100	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	17,210	8,420	8,790	96.1	95.5	96.6
Immigrants⁸¹	355	165	185	2.0	1.9	2.0
Before 1980	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
1980 to 1990	35	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
1991 to 2000	40	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
2001 to 2010	100	55	45	0.6	0.6	0.5
2011 to 2021⁸²	165	70	95	0.9	0.8	1.0
2011 to 2015	65	30	40	0.4	0.3	0.4
2016 to 2021	100	45	60	0.6	0.5	0.7
Non-permanent residents⁸³	350	230	120	2.0	2.6	1.3
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	355	165	185	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	50	20	25	14.1	12.1	13.5
5 to 14 years	75	35	35	21.1	21.2	18.9
15 to 24 years	35	15	15	9.9	9.1	8.1
25 to 44 years	170	75	95	47.9	45.5	51.4
45 years and over	30	15	10	8.5	9.1	5.4
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	355	165	185	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	55	20	40	15.5	12.1	21.6
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	10	0	0	2.8	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	15	0	15	4.2	0.0	8.1
Other places of birth in Americas	20	0	10	5.6	0.0	5.4
Europe	100	50	50	28.2	30.3	27.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	80	35	40	22.5	21.2	21.6
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portugal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	10	0	0	2.8	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	0	2.8	0.0	0.0
Africa	120	65	55	33.8	39.4	29.7
Algeria	45	20	25	12.7	12.1	13.5
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	15	0	10	4.2	0.0	5.4
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	60	30	25	16.9	18.2	13.5
Asia	70	35	40	19.7	21.2	21.6
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	35	15	25	9.9	9.1	13.5
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	25	15	10	7.0	9.1	5.4
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	105	45	55	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	15	0	10	14.3	0.0	18.2
France	15	0	10	14.3	0.0	18.2
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	70	35	35	66.7	77.8	63.6
Algeria	30	10	15	28.6	22.2	27.3
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	10	0	0	9.5	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	25	20	10	23.8	44.4	18.2
Asia	15	0	10	14.3	0.0	18.2
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	17,920	8,815	9,100	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	745	410	335	4.2	4.7	3.7
Second generation¹⁰¹	360	200	165	2.0	2.3	1.8
Third generation or more¹⁰²	16,815	8,205	8,605	93.8	93.1	94.6
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	335	165	175	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	205	120	85	61.2	72.7	48.6
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	105	65	35	31.3	39.4	20.0
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	100	50	50	29.9	30.3	28.6
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	115	35	75	34.3	21.2	42.9
Refugees¹⁰⁸	15	15	0	4.5	9.1	0.0
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	10	0	10	3.0	0.0	5.7
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	335	165	175	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	30	15	15	9.0	9.1	8.6
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	10	10	0	3.0	6.1	0.0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	35	25	10	10.4	15.2	5.7
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	260	120	140	77.6	72.7	80.0
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	17,920	8,815	9,100	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	580	325	250	3.2	3.7	2.7
South Asian	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Chinese	50	10	40	0.3	0.1	0.4
Black	200	105	90	1.1	1.2	1.0
Filipino	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Arab	110	70	40	0.6	0.8	0.4
Latin American	105	80	25	0.6	0.9	0.3
Southeast Asian	45	30	15	0.3	0.3	0.2
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple visible minorities	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	17,340	8,490	8,850	96.8	96.3	97.3
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	17,915	8,815	9,100	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	8,420	4,145	4,275	47.0	47.0	47.0
English	20	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Irish	380	165	210	2.1	1.9	2.3
Scottish	90	35	50	0.5	0.4	0.5
French, n.o.s.¹²²	3,665	1,825	1,840	20.5	20.7	20.2
German	80	35	40	0.4	0.4	0.4
Chinese	50	20	30	0.3	0.2	0.3
Italian	40	0	30	0.2	0.0	0.3
Indian (India)	45	25	20	0.3	0.3	0.2
Ukrainian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Dutch	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Polish	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Québécois	2,445	1,135	1,310	13.6	12.9	14.4
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Filipino	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
French Canadian	1,895	930	970	10.6	10.6	10.7
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	305	145	155	1.7	1.6	1.7
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	205	100	105	1.1	1.1	1.2
Métis	125	55	70	0.7	0.6	0.8
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	80	30	50	0.4	0.3	0.5
Russian	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
American	50	35	15	0.3	0.4	0.2
Spanish	45	20	30	0.3	0.2	0.3
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Acadian	175	70	105	1.0	0.8	1.2
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	55	40	20	0.3	0.5	0.2
Jewish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	55	30	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	295	155	145	1.6	1.8	1.6
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	70	20	50	0.4	0.2	0.5
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belgian	35	20	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Haitian	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	45	20	25	0.3	0.2	0.3
Mennonite	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	60	30	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	40	10	30	0.2	0.1	0.3
Egyptian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moroccan	30	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	40	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.3
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	50	25	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	35	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
New Brunswicker	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	35	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Guatemalan	60	60	0	0.3	0.7	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	30	20	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	75	40	35	0.4	0.5	0.4
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	35	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Huron (Wendat)	20	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Norman	35	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	40	25	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	17,920	8,815	9,100	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian	14,410	6,930	7,480	80.4	78.6	82.2
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	1,120	580	545	6.3	6.6	6.0
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Baptist	25	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Catholic	13,145	6,295	6,855	73.4	71.4	75.3
Christian Orthodox	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jehovah's Witness	40	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lutheran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	50	15	35	0.3	0.2	0.4
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	185	100	85	1.0	1.1	0.9
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	30	20	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
No religion and secular perspectives	3,275	1,755	1,525	18.3	19.9	16.8
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	17,770	8,730	9,035	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	15,315	7,520	7,795	86.2	86.1	86.3
Movers	2,455	1,215	1,240	13.8	13.9	13.7
Non-migrants	1,415	730	685	8.0	8.4	7.6
Migrants	1,035	485	550	5.8	5.6	6.1
Internal migrants	930	440	490	5.2	5.0	5.4
Intraprovincial migrants	870	420	455	4.9	4.8	5.0
Interprovincial migrants	60	25	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
External migrants	110	40	65	0.6	0.5	0.7
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	17,100	8,380	8,720	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	10,160	4,930	5,230	59.4	58.8	60.0
Movers	6,940	3,450	3,490	40.6	41.2	40.0
Non-migrants	2,930	1,430	1,505	17.1	17.1	17.3
Migrants	4,010	2,020	1,985	23.5	24.1	22.8
Internal migrants	3,645	1,805	1,840	21.3	21.5	21.1
Intraprovincial migrants	3,570	1,770	1,800	20.9	21.1	20.6
Interprovincial migrants	70	30	40	0.4	0.4	0.5
External migrants	365	220	145	2.1	2.6	1.7
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	15,240	7,405	7,830	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	3,225	1,700	1,520	21.2	23.0	19.4
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	12,015	5,705	6,310	78.8	77.0	80.6
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	9,060	4,500	4,560	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,440	875	565	15.9	19.4	12.4
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	7,620	3,620	4,000	84.1	80.4	87.7
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	15,235	7,400	7,835	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,800	1,415	1,385	18.4	19.1	17.7
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	3,210	1,460	1,745	21.1	19.7	22.3
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	9,230	4,525	4,695	60.6	61.1	59.9
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	6,675	3,315	3,360	43.8	44.8	42.9
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	3,245	1,890	1,350	21.3	25.5	17.2
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	2,535	1,375	1,160	16.6	18.6	14.8
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	710	515	190	4.7	7.0	2.4
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	2,880	1,250	1,625	18.9	16.9	20.7
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	555	175	380	3.6	2.4	4.9
Bachelor's degree or higher	2,550	1,210	1,335	16.7	16.4	17.0
Bachelor's degree	1,725	780	940	11.3	10.5	12.0
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	170	90	80	1.1	1.2	1.0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	85	50	40	0.6	0.7	0.5
Master's degree	525	270	255	3.4	3.6	3.3
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	9,060	4,495	4,565	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,150	675	475	12.7	15.0	10.4
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,350	640	715	14.9	14.2	15.7
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,555	3,180	3,375	72.4	70.7	73.9
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	4,580	2,285	2,295	50.6	50.8	50.3
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,295	1,320	980	25.3	29.4	21.5
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	1,820	970	850	20.1	21.6	18.6
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	470	345	130	5.2	7.7	2.8
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,955	855	1,095	21.6	19.0	24.0
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	325	110	215	3.6	2.4	4.7
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,980	895	1,085	21.9	19.9	23.8
Bachelor's degree	1,310	570	740	14.5	12.7	16.2
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	115	60	60	1.3	1.3	1.3
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	75	30	40	0.8	0.7	0.9
Master's degree	450	220	230	5.0	4.9	5.0
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	35	20	15	0.4	0.4	0.3
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	15,235	7,405	7,835	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	6,010	2,875	3,135	39.4	38.8	40.0
Education	765	215	545	5.0	2.9	7.0
13. Education	765	215	545	5.0	2.9	7.0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	245	100	145	1.6	1.4	1.9
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
50. Visual and performing arts	230	90	140	1.5	1.2	1.8
Humanities	425	200	220	2.8	2.7	2.8
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	265	105	160	1.7	1.4	2.0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	35	25	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
39. Theology and religious vocations	50	45	0	0.3	0.6	0.0
54. History	30	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	40	10	30	0.3	0.1	0.4
Social and behavioural sciences and law	495	120	380	3.2	1.6	4.9
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	55	10	45	0.4	0.1	0.6
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	110	15	95	0.7	0.2	1.2
22. Legal professions and studies	95	30	65	0.6	0.4	0.8
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	110	10	105	0.7	0.1	1.3
45. Social sciences	115	55	65	0.8	0.7	0.8
Business, management and public administration	1,975	715	1,255	13.0	9.7	16.0
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	190	50	135	1.2	0.7	1.7
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,780	660	1,120	11.7	8.9	14.3
Physical and life sciences and technologies	215	145	70	1.4	2.0	0.9
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	50	20	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	20	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	75	45	30	0.5	0.6	0.4
40. Physical sciences	65	55	0	0.4	0.7	0.0
41. Science technologies/technicians	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	215	165	55	1.4	2.2	0.7
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	175	155	20	1.1	2.1	0.3
25. Library science	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.3
27. Mathematics and statistics	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	2,145	2,015	130	14.1	27.2	1.7
04. Architecture and related services	40	20	15	0.3	0.3	0.2
14. Engineering	270	245	20	1.8	3.3	0.3
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	410	365	50	2.7	4.9	0.6
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	480	455	25	3.2	6.1	0.3
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	570	550	20	3.7	7.4	0.3
48. Precision production	385	380	0	2.5	5.1	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	280	165	115	1.8	2.2	1.5
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	120	50	75	0.8	0.7	1.0
03. Natural resources and conservation	155	115	40	1.0	1.6	0.5
Health and related fields	1,575	290	1,290	10.3	3.9	16.5
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	130	75	50	0.9	1.0	0.6
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,430	205	1,225	9.4	2.8	15.6
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Personal, protective and transportation services	890	405	485	5.8	5.5	6.2
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	595	170	425	3.9	2.3	5.4
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	135	85	45	0.9	1.1	0.6
49. Transportation and materials moving	160	140	20	1.1	1.9	0.3
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	9,060	4,495	4,565	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	2,500	1,320	1,185	27.6	29.4	26.0
Education	460	110	350	5.1	2.4	7.7
13. Education	460	110	350	5.1	2.4	7.7
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	185	75	115	2.0	1.7	2.5
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	175	65	110	1.9	1.4	2.4
Humanities	215	120	100	2.4	2.7	2.2
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	145	65	80	1.6	1.4	1.8
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	20	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	20	20	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
54. History	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	390	70	320	4.3	1.6	7.0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	45	10	40	0.5	0.2	0.9
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	80	10	75	0.9	0.2	1.6
22. Legal professions and studies	65	15	55	0.7	0.3	1.2
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	95	10	85	1.0	0.2	1.9
45. Social sciences	95	35	65	1.0	0.8	1.4
Business, management and public administration	1,495	530	965	16.5	11.8	21.1
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	140	30	110	1.5	0.7	2.4
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,345	495	850	14.8	11.0	18.6
Physical and life sciences and technologies	125	95	35	1.4	2.1	0.8
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	35	20	25	0.4	0.4	0.5
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	20	20	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
40. Physical sciences	55	40	10	0.6	0.9	0.2
41. Science technologies/technicians	15	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	175	150	25	1.9	3.3	0.5
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	160	150	10	1.8	3.3	0.2
25. Library science	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,580	1,470	110	17.4	32.7	2.4
04. Architecture and related services	25	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.3
14. Engineering	240	215	20	2.6	4.8	0.4
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	300	260	40	3.3	5.8	0.9
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	335	320	15	3.7	7.1	0.3
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	400	380	10	4.4	8.5	0.2
48. Precision production	290	290	0	3.2	6.5	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	220	110	105	2.4	2.4	2.3
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	110	35	70	1.2	0.8	1.5
03. Natural resources and conservation	110	75	35	1.2	1.7	0.8
Health and related fields	1,080	205	875	11.9	4.6	19.2
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	95	50	45	1.0	1.1	1.0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	965	145	820	10.7	3.2	18.0
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Personal, protective and transportation services	635	250	385	7.0	5.6	8.4
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	405	80	325	4.5	1.8	7.1
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	115	70	40	1.3	1.6	0.9
49. Transportation and materials moving	110	95	15	1.2	2.1	0.3
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	9,060	4,495	4,565	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,500	1,320	1,185	27.6	29.4	26.0
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	6,555	3,175	3,380	72.4	70.6	74.0
Location of study inside Canada	6,245	2,990	3,255	68.9	66.5	71.3
Same as province or territory of residence	6,135	2,950	3,185	67.7	65.6	69.8
Different than province or territory of residence	110	45	70	1.2	1.0	1.5
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	310	185	120	3.4	4.1	2.6
Americas	90	75	10	1.0	1.7	0.2
United States of America	15	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Mexico	15	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	55	55	0	0.6	1.2	0.0
Europe	110	50	60	1.2	1.1	1.3
Belgium	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
France	90	45	55	1.0	1.0	1.2
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	95	60	35	1.0	1.3	0.8
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Morocco	40	25	10	0.4	0.6	0.2
Tunisia	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	20	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
Asia	15	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	15,235	7,400	7,835	...	...	...
In the labour force	9,330	4,780	4,555	...	...	...
Employed	8,710	4,470	4,240	...	...	...
Unemployed	625	300	315	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	5,905	2,630	3,280	...	...	...
Participation rate	61.2	64.6	58.1	61.2	64.6	58.1
Employment rate	57.2	60.4	54.1	57.2	60.4	54.1
Unemployment rate	6.7	6.3	6.9	6.7	6.3	6.9
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	15,235	7,405	7,835	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	5,445	2,405	3,040	35.7	32.5	38.8
Worked	9,790	5,000	4,790	64.3	67.5	61.1
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	5,135	2,795	2,340	33.7	37.7	29.9
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	4,655	2,205	2,455	30.6	29.8	31.3
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.5	42.2	40.8	41.5	42.2	40.8
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	9,335	4,775	4,555	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	155	80	80	1.7	1.7	1.8
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	9,175	4,695	4,475	98.3	98.3	98.2
Employee	8,395	4,280	4,115	89.9	89.6	90.3
Permanent position	7,095	3,625	3,470	76.0	75.9	76.2
Temporary position	1,305	655	645	14.0	13.7	14.2
Fixed term (1 year or more)	485	260	230	5.2	5.4	5.0
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	815	395	420	8.7	8.3	9.2
Self-employed¹⁹²	775	415	360	8.3	8.7	7.9
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	9,335	4,775	4,555	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	155	80	80	1.7	1.7	1.8
All occupations¹⁹¹	9,175	4,695	4,475	98.3	98.3	98.2
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	145	115	30	1.6	2.4	0.7
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,465	455	1,010	15.7	9.5	22.2
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	625	505	125	6.7	10.6	2.7
3 Health occupations	985	230	750	10.6	4.8	16.5
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,100	295	800	11.8	6.2	17.6
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	225	115	110	2.4	2.4	2.4
6 Sales and service occupations	2,545	1,110	1,440	27.3	23.2	31.6
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,315	1,240	80	14.1	26.0	1.8
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	90	65	25	1.0	1.4	0.5
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	675	570	105	7.2	11.9	2.3
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	9,335	4,775	4,555	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	155	80	80	1.7	1.7	1.8
All industries¹⁹¹	9,175	4,695	4,475	98.3	98.3	98.2
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	145	75	65	1.6	1.6	1.4
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	180	125	50	1.9	2.6	1.1
22 Utilities	60	45	15	0.6	0.9	0.3
23 Construction	475	405	70	5.1	8.5	1.5
31-33 Manufacturing	1,350	1,070	275	14.5	22.4	6.0
41 Wholesale trade	190	145	45	2.0	3.0	1.0
44-45 Retail trade	1,275	615	655	13.7	12.9	14.4
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	370	315	55	4.0	6.6	1.2
51 Information and cultural industries	105	90	20	1.1	1.9	0.4
52 Finance and insurance	195	90	110	2.1	1.9	2.4
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	80	45	35	0.9	0.9	0.8
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	430	210	220	4.6	4.4	4.8
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	260	150	110	2.8	3.1	2.4
61 Educational services	730	220	510	7.8	4.6	11.2
62 Health care and social assistance	1,705	365	1,345	18.3	7.6	29.5
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	85	35	50	0.9	0.7	1.1
72 Accommodation and food services	675	275	400	7.2	5.8	8.8
81 Other services (except public administration)	480	260	220	5.1	5.4	4.8
91 Public administration	390	175	215	4.2	3.7	4.7
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	10,225	5,220	5,005	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	25	20	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
French	9,130	4,480	4,645	89.3	85.8	92.8
Non-official language	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
English and French	970	645	325	9.5	12.4	6.5
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	60	60	0	0.6	1.1	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	25	10	20	0.2	0.2	0.4
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	10,225	5,220	5,005	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	10,130	5,155	4,975	99.1	98.8	99.4
Official languages	10,055	5,095	4,960	98.3	97.6	99.1
English	110	80	30	1.1	1.5	0.6
French	9,955	5,020	4,930	97.4	96.2	98.5
Non-official languages	70	60	15	0.7	1.1	0.3
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	70	60	15	0.7	1.1	0.3
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	55	55	0	0.5	1.1	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	55	55	0	0.5	1.1	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	55	55	0	0.5	1.1	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Chinese languages	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	95	55	30	0.9	1.1	0.6
English and French	85	55	30	0.8	1.1	0.6
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	10,225	5,220	5,005	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	9,255	4,565	4,695	90.5	87.5	93.8
English	805	530	270	7.9	10.2	5.4
French	145	115	25	1.4	2.2	0.5
Non-official language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	8,710	4,475	4,235	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	965	425	540	11.1	9.5	12.8
Worked outside Canada	25	25	0	0.3	0.6	0.0
No fixed workplace address	630	460	170	7.2	10.3	4.0
Usual place of work	7,090	3,565	3,525	81.4	79.7	83.2
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	7,090	3,565	3,530	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	5,360	2,635	2,725	75.6	73.9	77.2
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	940	480	460	13.3	13.5	13.0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	790	445	340	11.1	12.5	9.6
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	7,725	4,025	3,700	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	6,930	3,650	3,275	89.7	90.7	88.5
Car, truck or van - as a driver	6,570	3,515	3,050	85.0	87.3	82.4
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	360	135	225	4.7	3.4	6.1
Public transit	35	15	20	0.5	0.4	0.5
Walked	610	275	335	7.9	6.8	9.1
Bicycle	30	20	0	0.4	0.5	0.0
Other method	125	65	60	1.6	1.6	1.6
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	7,725	4,025	3,700	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	5,735	2,915	2,825	74.2	72.4	76.4
15 to 29 minutes	1,365	730	635	17.7	18.1	17.2
30 to 44 minutes	320	170	150	4.1	4.2	4.1
45 to 59 minutes	170	115	60	2.2	2.9	1.6
60 minutes and over	135	100	30	1.7	2.5	0.8
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	7,725	4,025	3,700	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	365	240	125	4.7	6.0	3.4
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,105	790	310	14.3	19.6	8.4
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	2,915	1,470	1,445	37.7	36.5	39.1
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,705	695	1,005	22.1	17.3	27.2
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	565	220	340	7.3	5.5	9.2
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,075	605	470	13.9	15.0	12.7
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	3,295	1,710	1,580	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	115	60	55	3.5	3.5	3.5
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	3,175	1,645	1,530	96.4	96.2	96.8
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	2,475	1,295	1,185	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	85	40	45	3.4	3.1	3.8
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	45	25	15	1.8	1.9	1.3
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	40	15	25	1.6	1.2	2.1
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,390	1,250	1,145	96.6	96.5	96.6

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
^r
revised
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 18, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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