Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Rivière-du-LoupMore information: Quebec [Census agglomeration]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	30,025	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	28,902	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total private dwellings²	14,696	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	13,737	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	55.3	...	...	55.3	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	543.02	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	30,025	14,730	15,290	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	4,650	2,385	2,265	15.5	16.2	14.8
0 to 4 years	1,335	695	640	4.4	4.7	4.2
5 to 9 years	1,580	800	780	5.3	5.4	5.1
10 to 14 years	1,740	890	845	5.8	6.0	5.5
15 to 64 years	17,650	8,865	8,790	58.8	60.2	57.5
15 to 19 years	1,550	795	745	5.2	5.4	4.9
20 to 24 years	1,420	725	695	4.7	4.9	4.5
25 to 29 years	1,560	800	755	5.2	5.4	4.9
30 to 34 years	1,705	865	835	5.7	5.9	5.5
35 to 39 years	1,740	890	855	5.8	6.0	5.6
40 to 44 years	1,895	960	930	6.3	6.5	6.1
45 to 49 years	1,745	880	865	5.8	6.0	5.7
50 to 54 years	1,555	785	770	5.2	5.3	5.0
55 to 59 years	2,115	1,020	1,095	7.0	6.9	7.2
60 to 64 years	2,375	1,135	1,245	7.9	7.7	8.1
65 years and over	7,725	3,485	4,240	25.7	23.7	27.7
65 to 69 years	2,415	1,140	1,280	8.0	7.7	8.4
70 to 74 years	1,990	950	1,045	6.6	6.4	6.8
75 to 79 years	1,460	680	775	4.9	4.6	5.1
80 to 84 years	855	375	475	2.8	2.5	3.1
85 years and over	1,010	340	670	3.4	2.3	4.4
85 to 89 years	625	210	420	2.1	1.4	2.7
90 to 94 years	300	105	190	1.0	0.7	1.2
95 to 99 years	75	20	55	0.2	0.1	0.4
100 years and over	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	15.5	16.2	14.8	15.5	16.2	14.8
15 to 64 years	58.8	60.2	57.5	58.8	60.2	57.5
65 years and over	25.7	23.7	27.7	25.7	23.7	27.7
85 years and over	3.4	2.3	4.4	3.4	2.3	4.4
Average age of the population	45.1	43.8	46.4	45.1	43.8	46.4
Median age of the population	46.4	44.8	48.0	46.4	44.8	48.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	13,735	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	7,425	...	...	54.1	...	...
Semi-detached house	820	...	...	6.0	...	...
Row house	185	...	...	1.3	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	680	...	...	5.0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	4,315	...	...	31.4	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	45	...	...	0.3	...	...
Other single-attached house	115	...	...	0.8	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	140	...	...	1.0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	13,735	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	5,165	...	...	37.6	...	...
2 persons	5,070	...	...	36.9	...	...
3 persons	1,515	...	...	11.0	...	...
4 persons	1,355	...	...	9.9	...	...
5 or more persons	635	...	...	4.6	...	...
Number of persons in private households	28,680	14,230	14,445	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.1	...	...	2.1	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	25,375	12,350	13,025	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	14,775	7,390	7,390	58.2	59.8	56.7
Married	7,030	3,530	3,500	27.7	28.6	26.9
Living common-law	7,750	3,860	3,885	30.5	31.3	29.8
Living common law - Never married	6,570	3,255	3,315	25.9	26.4	25.5
Living common law - Separated	45	20	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Living common law - Divorced	975	525	445	3.8	4.3	3.4
Living common law - Widowed	155	60	90	0.6	0.5	0.7
Not married and not living common-law	10,600	4,955	5,640	41.8	40.1	43.3
Not married and not living common law - Never married	7,130	3,795	3,330	28.1	30.7	25.6
Not married and not living common law - Separated	260	130	125	1.0	1.1	1.0
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	1,615	645	970	6.4	5.2	7.4
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	1,595	385	1,210	6.3	3.1	9.3
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	8,240	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	4,870	...	...	59.1	...	...
3 persons	1,450	...	...	17.6	...	...
4 persons	1,330	...	...	16.1	...	...
5 or more persons	580	...	...	7.0	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	8,235	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	7,225	...	...	87.7	...	...
Married couples	3,355	...	...	40.7	...	...
With children⁶	880	...	...	10.7	...	...
Without children	2,475	...	...	30.1	...	...
Common-law couples	3,870	...	...	47.0	...	...
With children⁶	2,050	...	...	24.9	...	...
Without children	1,815	...	...	22.0	...	...
Total one-parent families	1,015	...	...	12.3	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	740	...	...	9.0	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	275	...	...	3.3	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	28,675	14,230	14,450	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	22,515	11,195	11,320	78.5	78.7	78.3
Married spouses or common-law partners	14,450	7,215	7,240	50.4	50.7	50.1
Parents in one-parent families	1,010	275	740	3.5	1.9	5.1
Children⁶	7,050	3,710	3,345	24.6	26.1	23.1
In a two-parent family	5,460	2,860	2,600	19.0	20.1	18.0
In a one-parent family	1,595	850	745	5.6	6.0	5.2
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	6,160	3,035	3,125	21.5	21.3	21.6
Living alone	5,165	2,475	2,695	18.0	17.4	18.7
Living with other relatives⁷	295	140	155	1.0	1.0	1.1
Living with non-relatives only	700	425	275	2.4	3.0	1.9
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	13,735	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	8,045	...	...	58.6	...	...
Couple-family households	7,100	...	...	51.7	...	...
With children⁶	2,875	...	...	20.9	...	...
Without children	4,220	...	...	30.7	...	...
One-parent-family households	955	...	...	7.0	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	45	...	...	0.3	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	10	...	...	0.1	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	110	...	...	0.8	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	360	...	...	2.6	...	...
One-person households	5,165	...	...	37.6	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	24,040	11,855	12,185	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	23,760	11,745	12,015	98.8	99.1	98.6
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,800	46,000	36,400	40,800	46,000	36,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	23,765	11,745	12,020	98.9	99.1	98.6
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,400	40,000	32,800	36,400	40,000	32,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	21,570	10,880	10,685	89.7	91.8	87.7
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	33,200	40,000	27,200	33,200	40,000	27,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	17,040	8,995	8,045	70.9	75.9	66.0
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,400	41,200	31,000	36,400	41,200	31,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	20,080	9,495	10,585	83.5	80.1	86.9
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,700	10,100	12,500	11,700	10,100	12,500
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	3,235	1,750	1,475	13.5	14.8	12.1
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,880	5,640	6,000	5,880	5,640	6,000
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,285	3,260	3,030	26.1	27.5	24.9
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	5,480	6,500	6,000	5,480	6,500
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	24,035	11,855	12,185	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	23,690	11,730	11,950	98.6	98.9	98.1
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	49,120	56,050	42,320	49,120	56,050	42,320
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	23,690	11,730	11,950	98.6	98.9	98.1
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,440	44,600	36,360	40,440	44,600	36,360
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	21,450	10,750	10,700	89.2	90.7	87.8
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,720	51,200	34,240	42,720	51,200	34,240
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	17,040	8,880	8,165	70.9	74.9	67.0
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,400	47,840	36,480	42,400	47,840	36,480
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	20,030	9,470	10,565	83.3	79.9	86.7
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,340	11,370	13,220	12,340	11,370	13,220
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	3,140	1,665	1,480	13.1	14.0	12.1
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,570	6,590	8,680	7,570	6,590	8,680
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,280	3,235	3,050	26.1	27.3	25.0
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,010	6,420	7,650	7,010	6,420	7,650
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	24,035	11,855	12,185	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	8,195	4,475	3,720	34.1	37.7	30.5
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	51,200	55,600	46,800	51,200	55,600	46,800
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	60,250	64,700	54,850	60,250	64,700	54,850
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	7,155	3,430	3,720	29.8	28.9	30.5
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	20,600	26,600	17,600	20,600	26,600	17,600
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	29,440	36,360	23,080	29,440	36,360	23,080
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	78.8	83.6	72.4	78.8	83.6	72.4
Employment income (%)¹⁹	62.1	64.6	58.9	62.1	64.6	58.9
Government transfers (%)²⁰	21.2	16.4	27.6	21.2	16.4	27.6
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.0	1.7	2.5	2.0	1.7	2.5
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	4.6	3.7	5.7	4.6	3.7	5.7
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	3.8	3.2	4.6	3.8	3.2	4.6
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	24,035	11,850	12,185	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	275	110	165	1.1	0.9	1.4
With total income	23,760	11,740	12,015	98.9	99.1	98.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,300	505	795	5.5	4.3	6.6
$10,000 to $19,999	2,915	1,145	1,770	12.3	9.8	14.7
$20,000 to $29,999	3,915	1,715	2,200	16.5	14.6	18.3
$30,000 to $39,999	3,420	1,485	1,935	14.4	12.6	16.1
$40,000 to $49,999	3,420	1,695	1,725	14.4	14.4	14.4
$50,000 to $59,999	2,815	1,585	1,235	11.8	13.5	10.3
$60,000 to $69,999	1,960	1,190	775	8.2	10.1	6.5
$70,000 to $79,999	1,180	735	450	5.0	6.3	3.7
$80,000 to $89,999	890	505	390	3.7	4.3	3.2
$90,000 to $99,999	600	325	275	2.5	2.8	2.3
$100,000 and over	1,340	865	475	5.6	7.4	4.0
$100,000 to $149,999	950	590	360	4.0	5.0	3.0
$150,000 and over	395	275	115	1.7	2.3	1.0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	24,035	11,850	12,185	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	270	105	165	1.1	0.9	1.4
With after-tax income	23,760	11,740	12,020	98.9	99.1	98.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,420	535	880	6.0	4.6	7.3
$10,000 to $19,999	3,085	1,235	1,850	13.0	10.5	15.4
$20,000 to $29,999	4,630	2,010	2,615	19.5	17.1	21.8
$30,000 to $39,999	4,450	2,125	2,320	18.7	18.1	19.3
$40,000 to $49,999	4,100	2,250	1,850	17.3	19.2	15.4
$50,000 to $59,999	2,500	1,505	995	10.5	12.8	8.3
$60,000 to $69,999	1,480	850	630	6.2	7.2	5.2
$70,000 to $79,999	855	435	420	3.6	3.7	3.5
$80,000 to $89,999	470	270	200	2.0	2.3	1.7
$90,000 to $99,999	275	180	95	1.2	1.5	0.8
$100,000 and over	500	345	155	2.1	2.9	1.3
$100,000 to $124,999	240	150	90	1.0	1.3	0.7
$125,000 and over	255	190	70	1.1	1.6	0.6
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	24,035	11,850	12,185	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	6,995	2,860	4,135	29.1	24.1	33.9
With employment income	17,040	8,995	8,050	70.9	75.9	66.1
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,945	1,060	885	11.4	11.8	11.0
$5,000 to $9,999	1,375	600	770	8.1	6.7	9.6
$10,000 to $19,999	2,085	850	1,235	12.2	9.4	15.3
$20,000 to $29,999	1,895	890	1,005	11.1	9.9	12.5
$30,000 to $39,999	2,010	950	1,060	11.8	10.6	13.2
$40,000 to $49,999	2,165	1,170	995	12.7	13.0	12.4
$50,000 to $59,999	1,585	980	600	9.3	10.9	7.5
$60,000 to $69,999	1,140	750	390	6.7	8.3	4.8
$70,000 to $79,999	820	505	315	4.8	5.6	3.9
$80,000 to $89,999	665	370	295	3.9	4.1	3.7
$90,000 to $99,999	375	215	160	2.2	2.4	2.0
$100,000 and over	985	650	335	5.8	7.2	4.2
$100,000 to $124,999	490	300	195	2.9	3.3	2.4
$125,000 and over	490	355	140	2.9	3.9	1.7
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	24,040	11,855	12,185	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	23,500	11,595	11,905	97.8	97.8	97.7
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,400	44,400	33,600	38,400	44,400	33,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	23,510	11,600	11,910	97.8	97.8	97.7
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,000	38,400	30,400	34,000	38,400	30,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	21,340	10,770	10,570	88.8	90.8	86.7
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,000	40,400	28,400	34,000	40,400	28,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	17,270	9,075	8,200	71.8	76.5	67.3
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,000	41,200	31,200	36,000	41,200	31,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	18,175	8,375	9,805	75.6	70.6	80.5
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,200	7,900	10,200	9,200	7,900	10,200
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	3,190	1,770	1,415	13.3	14.9	11.6
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,920	4,560	5,400	4,920	4,560	5,400
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	24,035	11,855	12,185	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	23,455	11,575	11,880	97.6	97.6	97.5
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	46,520	53,800	39,480	46,520	53,800	39,480
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	23,470	11,580	11,890	97.6	97.7	97.6
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,480	43,160	33,920	38,480	43,160	33,920
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	21,380	10,705	10,680	89.0	90.3	87.6
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,640	50,960	34,280	42,640	50,960	34,280
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	17,355	9,000	8,360	72.2	75.9	68.6
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,880	47,480	35,840	41,880	47,480	35,840
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	18,180	8,325	9,855	75.6	70.2	80.9
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,910	9,280	10,440	9,910	9,280	10,440
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,990	1,665	1,325	12.4	14.0	10.9
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,640	5,890	7,590	6,640	5,890	7,590
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	24,035	11,855	12,185	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	8,170	4,445	3,725	34.0	37.5	30.6
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	48,800	54,400	43,200	48,800	54,400	43,200
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	56,900	62,200	50,520	56,900	62,200	50,520
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	6,885	3,285	3,595	28.6	27.7	29.5
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	25,000	31,600	21,800	25,000	31,600	21,800
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	33,680	40,960	27,080	33,680	40,960	27,080
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	83.4	87.6	78.0	83.4	87.6	78.0
Employment income (%)	66.6	68.6	63.9	66.6	68.6	63.9
Government transfers (%)	16.5	12.4	21.9	16.5	12.4	21.9
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.8	1.6	2.1	1.8	1.6	2.1
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	13,735	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	67,000	...	...	67,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	58,400	...	...	58,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	5,165	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	36,400	...	...	36,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	32,800	...	...	32,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	8,570	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	93,000	...	...	93,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	80,000	...	...	80,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	13,740	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	84,700	...	...	84,700	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	69,700	...	...	69,700	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	5,170	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	43,240	...	...	43,240	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	36,800	...	...	36,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	8,565	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	109,700	...	...	109,700	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	89,500	...	...	89,500	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	13,735	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	65	...	...	0.5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	65	...	...	0.5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	170	...	...	1.2	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	330	...	...	2.4	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	975	...	...	7.1	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	545	...	...	4.0	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	615	...	...	4.5	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	770	...	...	5.6	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	690	...	...	5.0	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	645	...	...	4.7	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,240	...	...	9.0	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,075	...	...	7.8	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	975	...	...	7.1	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	825	...	...	6.0	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	775	...	...	5.6	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,980	...	...	29.0	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,530	...	...	11.1	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	995	...	...	7.2	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	890	...	...	6.5	...	...
$200,000 and over	560	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	13,735	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	75	...	...	0.5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	75	...	...	0.5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	180	...	...	1.3	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	350	...	...	2.5	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,045	...	...	7.6	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	680	...	...	5.0	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	790	...	...	5.8	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	930	...	...	6.8	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	795	...	...	5.8	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	765	...	...	5.6	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,375	...	...	10.0	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,180	...	...	8.6	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,050	...	...	7.6	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	925	...	...	6.7	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	845	...	...	6.2	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,670	...	...	19.4	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,330	...	...	9.7	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	665	...	...	4.8	...	...
$150,000 and over	675	...	...	4.9	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	8,305	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	94,000	...	...	94,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	80,000	...	...	80,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	4,235	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	79,000	...	...	79,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	69,000	...	...	69,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	2,940	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	129,000	...	...	129,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	109,000	...	...	109,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,000	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	65,500	...	...	65,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	58,800	...	...	58,800	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	5,865	2,895	2,970	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	36,000	39,600	32,800	36,000	39,600	32,800
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	32,400	34,800	30,400	32,400	34,800	30,400
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	8,290	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	110,300	...	...	110,300	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	89,800	...	...	89,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	4,225	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	96,500	...	...	96,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	77,800	...	...	77,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,930	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	143,800	...	...	143,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	116,600	...	...	116,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,010	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	72,600	...	...	72,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	63,200	...	...	63,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	5,890	2,970	2,920	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	42,440	44,680	40,120	42,440	44,680	40,120
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	36,200	37,320	35,040	36,200	37,320	35,040
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	28,680	14,235	14,445	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	5,510	2,815	2,695	19.2	19.8	18.7
0 to 5 years	1,630	845	790	5.7	5.9	5.5
18 to 64 years	16,560	8,305	8,255	57.7	58.3	57.1
65 years and over	6,610	3,110	3,500	23.0	21.8	24.2
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	3,230	1,465	1,765	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	300	150	145	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	95	45	45	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	1,450	745	700	...	...	...
65 years and over	1,480	565	915	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	11.3	10.3	12.2	11.3	10.3	12.2
0 to 17 years (%)	5.4	5.4	5.5	5.4	5.4	5.5
0 to 5 years (%)	5.9	5.8	6.0	5.9	5.8	6.0
18 to 64 years (%)	8.8	9.0	8.5	8.8	9.0	8.5
65 years and over (%)	22.4	18.1	26.2	22.4	18.1	26.2
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	28,675	14,230	14,450	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	5,510	2,810	2,695	19.2	19.7	18.7
0 to 5 years	1,630	845	785	5.7	5.9	5.4
18 to 64 years	16,555	8,305	8,250	57.7	58.4	57.1
65 years and over	6,610	3,110	3,495	23.1	21.9	24.2
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	675	375	300	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	45	30	10	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	10	5	5	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	570	315	250	...	...	...
65 years and over	60	25	35	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.4	2.6	2.1	2.4	2.6	2.1
0 to 17 years (%)	0.8	1.2	0.5	0.8	1.2	0.5
0 to 5 years (%)	0.7	0.8	x	0.7	0.8	x
18 to 64 years (%)	3.4	3.8	3.0	3.4	3.8	3.0
65 years and over (%)	0.9	0.8	1.1	0.9	0.8	1.1
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	28,680	14,230	14,445	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	16,915	8,205	8,710	59.0	57.7	60.3
In bottom decile	2,615	1,220	1,390	9.1	8.6	9.6
In second decile	3,195	1,465	1,735	11.1	10.3	12.0
In third decile	3,615	1,745	1,865	12.6	12.3	12.9
In fourth decile	3,625	1,830	1,790	12.6	12.9	12.4
In fifth decile	3,875	1,940	1,935	13.5	13.6	13.4
In top half of the distribution	11,760	6,025	5,730	41.0	42.3	39.7
In sixth decile	3,505	1,795	1,705	12.2	12.6	11.8
In seventh decile	3,050	1,540	1,510	10.6	10.8	10.5
In eighth decile	2,365	1,200	1,165	8.2	8.4	8.1
In ninth decile	1,640	845	795	5.7	5.9	5.5
In top decile	1,195	640	555	4.2	4.5	3.8
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	28,675	...	...	28,675	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.296	...	...	0.296	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.422	...	...	0.422	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.251	...	...	0.251	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.1	...	...	3.1	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	29,650	14,620	15,030	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
French only	22,325	10,525	11,795	75.3	72.0	78.5
English and French	7,235	4,025	3,210	24.4	27.5	21.4
Neither English nor French	70	60	15	0.2	0.4	0.1
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	29,650	14,620	15,030	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	155	80	70	0.5	0.5	0.5
French	29,335	14,420	14,915	98.9	98.6	99.2
English and French	85	50	35	0.3	0.3	0.2
Neither English nor French	70	60	10	0.2	0.4	0.1
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	29,650	14,620	15,030	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	29,450	14,500	14,955	99.3	99.2	99.5
Official languages	29,140	14,325	14,820	98.3	98.0	98.6
English	155	85	70	0.5	0.6	0.5
French	28,985	14,240	14,750	97.8	97.4	98.1
Non-official languages	310	180	130	1.0	1.2	0.9
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	310	180	130	1.0	1.2	0.9
Afro-Asiatic languages	90	45	40	0.3	0.3	0.3
Berber languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	75	35	40	0.3	0.2	0.3
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	75	35	40	0.3	0.2	0.3
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Haitian Creole	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	150	95	55	0.5	0.6	0.4
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
German	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	120	85	35	0.4	0.6	0.2
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	15	5	5	0.1	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	100	75	25	0.3	0.5	0.2
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Chinese languages	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	195	120	80	0.7	0.8	0.5
English and French	125	75	50	0.4	0.5	0.3
English and non-official language(s)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	55	30	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	29,650	14,620	15,030	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	65	35	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
French	28,730	14,080	14,645	96.9	96.3	97.4
Non-official language	115	85	35	0.4	0.6	0.2
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	115	85	35	0.4	0.6	0.2
English and French	545	320	225	1.8	2.2	1.5
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	130	60	70	0.4	0.4	0.5
English, French and non-official language(s)	60	35	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	29,650	14,620	15,030	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	29,480	14,520	14,960	99.4	99.3	99.5
Official languages	29,305	14,410	14,895	98.8	98.6	99.1
English	105	55	50	0.4	0.4	0.3
French	29,200	14,355	14,850	98.5	98.2	98.8
Non-official languages	170	110	65	0.6	0.8	0.4
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	170	110	65	0.6	0.8	0.4
Afro-Asiatic languages	45	20	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
Berber languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	100	70	25	0.3	0.5	0.2
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	85	70	20	0.3	0.5	0.1
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	80	65	10	0.3	0.4	0.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	5	5	0.1	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	15	5	5	0.1	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	165	95	75	0.6	0.6	0.5
English and French	120	65	50	0.4	0.4	0.3
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	40	25	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	29,645	14,620	15,030	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	29,065	14,285	14,780	98.0	97.7	98.3
English	405	240	160	1.4	1.6	1.1
French	70	40	35	0.2	0.3	0.2
Non-official language	55	20	30	0.2	0.1	0.2
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	55	20	30	0.2	0.1	0.2
English and French	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
English and non-official language(s)	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	28,675	14,230	14,445	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	28,595	14,170	14,425	99.7	99.6	99.9
English	7,040	3,960	3,080	24.6	27.8	21.3
French	28,580	14,165	14,415	99.7	99.5	99.8
Non-official languages	1,020	500	520	3.6	3.5	3.6
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,020	500	520	3.6	3.5	3.6
Afro-Asiatic languages	170	90	80	0.6	0.6	0.6
Berber languages	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kabyle	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	150	85	65	0.5	0.6	0.4
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	150	85	65	0.5	0.6	0.4
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	35	10	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
Haitian Creole	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	665	330	340	2.3	2.3	2.4
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	35	10	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	35	10	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Russian	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	90	50	45	0.3	0.4	0.3
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	70	30	45	0.2	0.2	0.3
German	70	30	45	0.2	0.2	0.3
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	25	25	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	15	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	585	285	300	2.0	2.0	2.1
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Portuguese	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	550	270	280	1.9	1.9	1.9
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	80	45	35	0.3	0.3	0.2
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	40	30	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	45	25	20	0.2	0.2	0.1
Chinese languages	45	25	20	0.2	0.2	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	40	25	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	25	20	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Lao	25	20	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	28,680	14,230	14,450	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	455	200	260	1.6	1.4	1.8
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	415	180	235	1.4	1.3	1.6
First Nations (North American Indian)	205	100	110	0.7	0.7	0.8
Métis	210	80	125	0.7	0.6	0.9
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	45	15	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
Non-Indigenous identity	28,215	14,035	14,185	98.4	98.6	98.2
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	28,680	14,230	14,450	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	105	45	55	0.4	0.3	0.4
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	28,570	14,185	14,390	99.6	99.7	99.6
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	13,735	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	8,530	...	...	62.1	...	...
Renter	5,205	...	...	37.9	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	13,735	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	1,025	...	...	7.5	...	...
Not condominium	12,710	...	...	92.5	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	13,735	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	100	...	...	0.7	...	...
1 bedroom	1,565	...	...	11.4	...	...
2 bedrooms	4,160	...	...	30.3	...	...
3 bedrooms	4,560	...	...	33.2	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	3,355	...	...	24.4	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	13,735	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	4,435	...	...	32.3	...	...
5 rooms	1,980	...	...	14.4	...	...
6 rooms	1,645	...	...	12.0	...	...
7 rooms	1,530	...	...	11.1	...	...
8 or more rooms	4,145	...	...	30.2	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.2	...	...	6.2	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	13,735	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	13,710	...	...	99.8	...	...
More than one person per room	25	...	...	0.2	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	13,735	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	13,620	...	...	99.2	...	...
Not suitable	120	...	...	0.9	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	13,735	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	3,395	...	...	24.7	...	...
1961 to 1980	4,170	...	...	30.4	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,745	...	...	12.7	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,510	...	...	11.0	...	...
2001 to 2005	705	...	...	5.1	...	...
2006 to 2010	890	...	...	6.5	...	...
2011 to 2015	830	...	...	6.0	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	495	...	...	3.6	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	13,735	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	13,035	...	...	94.9	...	...
Major repairs needed	700	...	...	5.1	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	13,735	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	8,030	...	...	58.5	...	...
Two-maintainer household	5,580	...	...	40.6	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	125	...	...	0.9	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	13,735	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	540	...	...	3.9	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,770	...	...	12.9	...	...
35 to 44 years	2,185	...	...	15.9	...	...
45 to 54 years	2,090	...	...	15.2	...	...
55 to 64 years	2,705	...	...	19.7	...	...
65 to 74 years	2,715	...	...	19.8	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,415	...	...	10.3	...	...
85 years and over	320	...	...	2.3	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	13,610	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	12,260	...	...	90.1	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	1,355	...	...	10.0	...	...
30% to less than 100%	1,260	...	...	9.3	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	13,735	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	2,075	...	...	15.1	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	1,270	...	...	9.2	...	...
Not suitable only	115	...	...	0.8	...	...
Major repairs needed only	605	...	...	4.4	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	85	...	...	0.6	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	10	...	...	0.1	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	11,660	...	...	84.9	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	13,515	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	305	...	...	2.3	...	...
Not in core need	13,210	...	...	97.7	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	8,455	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	57.7	...	...	57.7	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	5.3	...	...	5.3	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.4	...	...	0.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	880	...	...	880	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	959	...	...	959	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	214,000	...	...	214,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	238,600	...	...	238,600	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	5,200	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	9.0	...	...	9.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	17.5	...	...	17.5	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	5.4	...	...	5.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	624	...	...	624	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	643	...	...	643	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	28,675	14,230	14,445	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	480	225	250	1.7	1.6	1.7
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	475	225	250	1.7	1.6	1.7
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	395	185	215	1.4	1.3	1.5
Métis single ancestry	80	45	35	0.3	0.3	0.2
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	560	240	320	2.0	1.7	2.2
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	560	240	320	2.0	1.7	2.2
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	465	200	265	1.6	1.4	1.8
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	95	35	60	0.3	0.2	0.4
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	27,640	13,760	13,875	96.4	96.7	96.1
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	28,675	14,235	14,445	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	28,090	13,885	14,200	98.0	97.5	98.3
Canadian citizens aged under 18	5,430	2,785	2,645	18.9	19.6	18.3
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	22,660	11,100	11,555	79.0	78.0	80.0
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	590	345	245	2.1	2.4	1.7
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	28,675	14,235	14,445	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	27,805	13,740	14,070	97.0	96.5	97.4
Immigrants⁸¹	480	240	240	1.7	1.7	1.7
Before 1980	45	15	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
1980 to 1990	60	40	20	0.2	0.3	0.1
1991 to 2000	40	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
2001 to 2010	115	65	50	0.4	0.5	0.3
2011 to 2021⁸²	220	100	115	0.8	0.7	0.8
2011 to 2015	80	40	40	0.3	0.3	0.3
2016 to 2021	135	60	80	0.5	0.4	0.6
Non-permanent residents⁸³	385	255	130	1.3	1.8	0.9
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	480	235	245	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	70	30	40	14.6	12.8	16.3
5 to 14 years	95	55	40	19.8	23.4	16.3
15 to 24 years	50	20	30	10.4	8.5	12.2
25 to 44 years	235	110	120	49.0	46.8	49.0
45 years and over	30	15	10	6.3	6.4	4.1
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	480	235	245	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	80	35	40	16.7	14.9	16.3
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	20	15	0	4.2	6.4	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	20	0	20	4.2	0.0	8.2
Other places of birth in Americas	20	10	10	4.2	4.3	4.1
Europe	175	85	95	36.5	36.2	38.8
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	135	65	70	28.1	27.7	28.6
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portugal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	10	0	0	2.1	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	10	10	0	2.1	4.3	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	10	2.1	0.0	4.1
Africa	125	65	55	26.0	27.7	22.4
Algeria	45	20	25	9.4	8.5	10.2
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	15	0	10	3.1	0.0	4.1
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	65	40	25	13.5	17.0	10.2
Asia	100	50	50	20.8	21.3	20.4
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	15	10	0	3.1	4.3	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	35	15	25	7.3	6.4	10.2
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	10	10	0	2.1	4.3	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	35	15	15	7.3	6.4	6.1
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	140	60	80	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	50	20	30	35.7	33.3	37.5
France	45	15	25	32.1	25.0	31.3
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	70	35	35	50.0	58.3	43.8
Algeria	30	10	15	21.4	16.7	18.8
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	10	0	0	7.1	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	25	20	10	17.9	33.3	12.5
Asia	15	0	10	10.7	0.0	12.5
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	28,680	14,230	14,450	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	925	510	420	3.2	3.6	2.9
Second generation¹⁰¹	455	235	220	1.6	1.7	1.5
Third generation or more¹⁰²	27,290	13,480	13,810	95.2	94.7	95.6
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	440	220	215	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	260	150	110	59.1	68.2	51.2
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	125	85	40	28.4	38.6	18.6
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	135	65	70	30.7	29.5	32.6
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	150	55	90	34.1	25.0	41.9
Refugees¹⁰⁸	20	15	10	4.5	6.8	4.7
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	10	0	10	2.3	0.0	4.7
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	440	220	215	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	50	20	30	11.4	9.1	14.0
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	10	10	0	2.3	4.5	0.0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	40	30	10	9.1	13.6	4.7
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	10	0	0	2.3	0.0	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	320	150	170	72.7	68.2	79.1
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	28,680	14,230	14,450	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	660	380	280	2.3	2.7	1.9
South Asian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese	50	10	40	0.2	0.1	0.3
Black	250	135	115	0.9	0.9	0.8
Filipino	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Arab	115	75	40	0.4	0.5	0.3
Latin American	110	85	25	0.4	0.6	0.2
Southeast Asian	55	30	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple visible minorities	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	28,020	13,850	14,170	97.7	97.3	98.1
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	28,675	14,230	14,445	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	12,675	6,300	6,380	44.2	44.3	44.2
English	65	25	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Irish	620	280	335	2.2	2.0	2.3
Scottish	135	55	80	0.5	0.4	0.6
French, n.o.s.¹²²	6,450	3,215	3,225	22.5	22.6	22.3
German	175	75	105	0.6	0.5	0.7
Chinese	50	20	30	0.2	0.1	0.2
Italian	85	25	60	0.3	0.2	0.4
Indian (India)	50	25	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Ukrainian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dutch	30	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Polish	45	20	30	0.2	0.1	0.2
Québécois	4,240	2,055	2,180	14.8	14.4	15.1
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Filipino	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
French Canadian	3,225	1,610	1,610	11.2	11.3	11.1
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	465	225	240	1.6	1.6	1.7
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	365	170	195	1.3	1.2	1.3
Métis	175	75	100	0.6	0.5	0.7
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	225	100	130	0.8	0.7	0.9
Russian	45	15	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
American	80	40	40	0.3	0.3	0.3
Spanish	55	25	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Acadian	330	130	200	1.2	0.9	1.4
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	65	45	25	0.2	0.3	0.2
Jewish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	55	30	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanese	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	555	305	255	1.9	2.1	1.8
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	90	30	60	0.3	0.2	0.4
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belgian	65	35	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Haitian	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	45	20	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
Mennonite	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	35	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	85	40	45	0.3	0.3	0.3
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	40	10	30	0.1	0.1	0.2
Egyptian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moroccan	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	60	20	35	0.2	0.1	0.2
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	50	25	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	40	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
New Brunswicker	55	35	20	0.2	0.2	0.1
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	55	25	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Guatemalan	60	60	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	30	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	15	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	30	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	75	40	35	0.3	0.3	0.2
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	35	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Huron (Wendat)	30	20	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Norman	75	35	40	0.3	0.2	0.3
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	30	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	75	35	40	0.3	0.2	0.3
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	28,680	14,230	14,445	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian	23,240	11,360	11,880	81.0	79.8	82.2
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	1,740	890	850	6.1	6.3	5.9
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	15	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Baptist	65	35	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Catholic	21,270	10,375	10,895	74.2	72.9	75.4
Christian Orthodox	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jehovah's Witness	70	30	40	0.2	0.2	0.3
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lutheran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	55	15	40	0.2	0.1	0.3
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	195	105	90	0.7	0.7	0.6
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	50	25	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
No religion and secular perspectives	5,180	2,725	2,450	18.1	19.1	17.0
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	28,440	14,085	14,355	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	25,180	12,450	12,725	88.5	88.4	88.6
Movers	3,260	1,635	1,625	11.5	11.6	11.3
Non-migrants	1,775	895	880	6.2	6.4	6.1
Migrants	1,490	735	750	5.2	5.2	5.2
Internal migrants	1,370	690	675	4.8	4.9	4.7
Intraprovincial migrants	1,290	655	630	4.5	4.7	4.4
Interprovincial migrants	80	35	50	0.3	0.2	0.3
External migrants	120	45	70	0.4	0.3	0.5
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	27,350	13,535	13,815	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	17,405	8,610	8,795	63.6	63.6	63.7
Movers	9,945	4,925	5,020	36.4	36.4	36.3
Non-migrants	3,710	1,810	1,895	13.6	13.4	13.7
Migrants	6,235	3,115	3,125	22.8	23.0	22.6
Internal migrants	5,820	2,865	2,955	21.3	21.2	21.4
Intraprovincial migrants	5,690	2,815	2,875	20.8	20.8	20.8
Interprovincial migrants	130	45	85	0.5	0.3	0.6
External migrants	415	255	165	1.5	1.9	1.2
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	24,035	11,855	12,185	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	5,090	2,790	2,300	21.2	23.5	18.9
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	18,950	9,065	9,885	78.8	76.5	81.1
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	14,530	7,225	7,305	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	2,240	1,390	845	15.4	19.2	11.6
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	12,290	5,835	6,455	84.6	80.8	88.4
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	24,035	11,855	12,180	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	4,385	2,270	2,110	18.2	19.1	17.3
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	4,860	2,245	2,615	20.2	18.9	21.5
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	14,795	7,335	7,460	61.6	61.9	61.2
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	10,995	5,610	5,385	45.7	47.3	44.2
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	5,545	3,430	2,115	23.1	28.9	17.4
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	4,315	2,485	1,835	18.0	21.0	15.1
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	1,230	945	285	5.1	8.0	2.3
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	4,575	1,915	2,660	19.0	16.2	21.8
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	870	265	610	3.6	2.2	5.0
Bachelor's degree or higher	3,800	1,730	2,070	15.8	14.6	17.0
Bachelor's degree	2,605	1,130	1,475	10.8	9.5	12.1
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	265	145	120	1.1	1.2	1.0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	125	65	60	0.5	0.5	0.5
Master's degree	715	350	365	3.0	3.0	3.0
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	90	35	55	0.4	0.3	0.5
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	14,525	7,230	7,300	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,745	1,030	720	12.0	14.2	9.9
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	2,100	985	1,110	14.5	13.6	15.2
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	10,680	5,210	5,470	73.5	72.1	74.9
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	7,780	3,975	3,800	53.6	55.0	52.1
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	4,065	2,455	1,605	28.0	34.0	22.0
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	3,235	1,820	1,420	22.3	25.2	19.5
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	825	635	190	5.7	8.8	2.6
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	3,180	1,350	1,835	21.9	18.7	25.1
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	530	170	355	3.6	2.4	4.9
Bachelor's degree or higher	2,905	1,240	1,670	20.0	17.2	22.9
Bachelor's degree	1,975	820	1,160	13.6	11.3	15.9
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	165	75	90	1.1	1.0	1.2
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	105	50	60	0.7	0.7	0.8
Master's degree	575	260	320	4.0	3.6	4.4
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	75	40	40	0.5	0.6	0.5
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	24,040	11,850	12,185	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	9,245	4,520	4,725	38.5	38.1	38.8
Education	1,285	340	945	5.3	2.9	7.8
13. Education	1,285	340	945	5.3	2.9	7.8
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	395	150	245	1.6	1.3	2.0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
50. Visual and performing arts	360	130	230	1.5	1.1	1.9
Humanities	620	295	330	2.6	2.5	2.7
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	30	0	30	0.1	0.0	0.2
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	390	180	220	1.6	1.5	1.8
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	35	25	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
39. Theology and religious vocations	55	50	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
54. History	35	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	60	20	45	0.2	0.2	0.4
Social and behavioural sciences and law	785	185	595	3.3	1.6	4.9
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	80	20	60	0.3	0.2	0.5
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	205	15	185	0.9	0.1	1.5
22. Legal professions and studies	145	50	95	0.6	0.4	0.8
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
42. Psychology	165	15	145	0.7	0.1	1.2
45. Social sciences	160	70	90	0.7	0.6	0.7
Business, management and public administration	2,975	950	2,025	12.4	8.0	16.6
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	255	60	195	1.1	0.5	1.6
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,720	890	1,830	11.3	7.5	15.0
Physical and life sciences and technologies	350	205	150	1.5	1.7	1.2
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	85	40	45	0.4	0.3	0.4
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	35	25	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	115	45	65	0.5	0.4	0.5
40. Physical sciences	70	60	10	0.3	0.5	0.1
41. Science technologies/technicians	45	30	15	0.2	0.3	0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	285	210	70	1.2	1.8	0.6
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	235	210	25	1.0	1.8	0.2
25. Library science	30	0	30	0.1	0.0	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	3,680	3,460	220	15.3	29.2	1.8
04. Architecture and related services	70	35	35	0.3	0.3	0.3
14. Engineering	390	360	30	1.6	3.0	0.2
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	630	550	80	2.6	4.6	0.7
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	885	865	25	3.7	7.3	0.2
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,045	1,010	30	4.3	8.5	0.2
48. Precision production	655	645	15	2.7	5.4	0.1
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	640	400	235	2.7	3.4	1.9
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	365	195	170	1.5	1.6	1.4
03. Natural resources and conservation	275	205	65	1.1	1.7	0.5
Health and related fields	2,335	450	1,885	9.7	3.8	15.5
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	200	135	70	0.8	1.1	0.6
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	2,090	295	1,795	8.7	2.5	14.7
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,455	695	760	6.1	5.9	6.2
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	950	260	695	4.0	2.2	5.7
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	190	145	45	0.8	1.2	0.4
49. Transportation and materials moving	310	290	20	1.3	2.4	0.2
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	14,530	7,225	7,300	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	3,850	2,010	1,830	26.5	27.8	25.1
Education	815	185	630	5.6	2.6	8.6
13. Education	815	185	630	5.6	2.6	8.6
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	300	95	200	2.1	1.3	2.7
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
50. Visual and performing arts	285	90	195	2.0	1.2	2.7
Humanities	325	180	145	2.2	2.5	2.0
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	230	125	100	1.6	1.7	1.4
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	20	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	20	20	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
54. History	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.3
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Social and behavioural sciences and law	600	115	485	4.1	1.6	6.6
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	65	20	50	0.4	0.3	0.7
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	155	10	150	1.1	0.1	2.1
22. Legal professions and studies	105	25	80	0.7	0.3	1.1
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
42. Psychology	130	10	115	0.9	0.1	1.6
45. Social sciences	125	45	80	0.9	0.6	1.1
Business, management and public administration	2,295	700	1,590	15.8	9.7	21.8
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	190	35	150	1.3	0.5	2.1
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,100	660	1,440	14.5	9.1	19.7
Physical and life sciences and technologies	175	115	55	1.2	1.6	0.8
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	60	20	40	0.4	0.3	0.5
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	20	20	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
40. Physical sciences	55	45	10	0.4	0.6	0.1
41. Science technologies/technicians	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	235	190	40	1.6	2.6	0.5
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	210	190	15	1.4	2.6	0.2
25. Library science	25	0	25	0.2	0.0	0.3
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	2,790	2,600	190	19.2	36.0	2.6
04. Architecture and related services	50	20	30	0.3	0.3	0.4
14. Engineering	345	315	30	2.4	4.4	0.4
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	495	425	75	3.4	5.9	1.0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	635	615	15	4.4	8.5	0.2
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	755	730	30	5.2	10.1	0.4
48. Precision production	510	500	10	3.5	6.9	0.1
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	485	260	220	3.3	3.6	3.0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	280	120	155	1.9	1.7	2.1
03. Natural resources and conservation	205	145	60	1.4	2.0	0.8
Health and related fields	1,620	300	1,325	11.1	4.2	18.2
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	150	85	65	1.0	1.2	0.9
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,440	195	1,240	9.9	2.7	17.0
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,050	460	590	7.2	6.4	8.1
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	670	140	530	4.6	1.9	7.3
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	155	115	40	1.1	1.6	0.5
49. Transportation and materials moving	220	205	15	1.5	2.8	0.2
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	14,530	7,225	7,300	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,850	2,010	1,830	26.5	27.8	25.1
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	10,685	5,215	5,470	73.5	72.2	74.9
Location of study inside Canada	10,310	4,995	5,315	71.0	69.1	72.8
Same as province or territory of residence	10,140	4,930	5,215	69.8	68.2	71.4
Different than province or territory of residence	165	65	105	1.1	0.9	1.4
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	375	220	155	2.6	3.0	2.1
Americas	90	75	10	0.6	1.0	0.1
United States of America	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Mexico	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	55	55	0	0.4	0.8	0.0
Europe	155	70	90	1.1	1.0	1.2
Belgium	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
France	120	60	65	0.8	0.8	0.9
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	105	65	35	0.7	0.9	0.5
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Morocco	40	25	10	0.3	0.3	0.1
Tunisia	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	35	20	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Asia	25	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	24,035	11,855	12,180	...	...	...
In the labour force	15,090	7,790	7,300	...	...	...
Employed	14,100	7,330	6,770	...	...	...
Unemployed	995	465	530	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	8,945	4,060	4,885	...	...	...
Participation rate	62.8	65.7	59.9	62.8	65.7	59.9
Employment rate	58.7	61.8	55.6	58.7	61.8	55.6
Unemployment rate	6.6	6.0	7.3	6.6	6.0	7.3
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	24,040	11,850	12,185	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	8,325	3,750	4,580	34.6	31.6	37.6
Worked	15,710	8,105	7,605	65.3	68.4	62.4
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	8,340	4,570	3,770	34.7	38.6	30.9
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	7,370	3,535	3,835	30.7	29.8	31.5
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.9	42.7	41.0	41.9	42.7	41.0
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	15,090	7,790	7,300	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	245	120	125	1.6	1.5	1.7
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	14,850	7,675	7,175	98.4	98.5	98.3
Employee	13,415	6,890	6,520	88.9	88.4	89.3
Permanent position	11,350	5,870	5,485	75.2	75.4	75.1
Temporary position	2,060	1,025	1,035	13.7	13.2	14.2
Fixed term (1 year or more)	710	325	375	4.7	4.2	5.1
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	1,350	695	660	8.9	8.9	9.0
Self-employed¹⁹²	1,430	780	655	9.5	10.0	9.0
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	15,090	7,790	7,300	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	245	120	125	1.6	1.5	1.7
All occupations¹⁹¹	14,850	7,675	7,175	98.4	98.5	98.3
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	240	175	70	1.6	2.2	1.0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,295	665	1,625	15.2	8.5	22.3
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	975	730	240	6.5	9.4	3.3
3 Health occupations	1,425	300	1,130	9.4	3.9	15.5
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,780	450	1,325	11.8	5.8	18.2
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	370	175	195	2.5	2.2	2.7
6 Sales and service occupations	3,860	1,640	2,220	25.6	21.1	30.4
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,525	2,400	125	16.7	30.8	1.7
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	335	260	75	2.2	3.3	1.0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,045	880	170	6.9	11.3	2.3
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	15,090	7,790	7,300	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	245	120	125	1.6	1.5	1.7
All industries¹⁹¹	14,850	7,675	7,175	98.4	98.5	98.3
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	425	275	155	2.8	3.5	2.1
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	320	240	85	2.1	3.1	1.2
22 Utilities	105	80	25	0.7	1.0	0.3
23 Construction	895	790	110	5.9	10.1	1.5
31-33 Manufacturing	2,250	1,725	525	14.9	22.1	7.2
41 Wholesale trade	305	240	65	2.0	3.1	0.9
44-45 Retail trade	2,000	935	1,070	13.3	12.0	14.7
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	705	610	95	4.7	7.8	1.3
51 Information and cultural industries	155	120	35	1.0	1.5	0.5
52 Finance and insurance	280	110	175	1.9	1.4	2.4
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	125	75	50	0.8	1.0	0.7
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	670	310	365	4.4	4.0	5.0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	405	235	170	2.7	3.0	2.3
61 Educational services	1,180	330	850	7.8	4.2	11.6
62 Health care and social assistance	2,620	495	2,125	17.4	6.4	29.1
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	135	65	65	0.9	0.8	0.9
72 Accommodation and food services	945	350	590	6.3	4.5	8.1
81 Other services (except public administration)	735	385	350	4.9	4.9	4.8
91 Public administration	580	300	275	3.8	3.9	3.8
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	16,420	8,415	8,010	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	60	40	25	0.4	0.5	0.3
French	14,765	7,365	7,400	89.9	87.5	92.4
Non-official language	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
English and French	1,460	930	535	8.9	11.1	6.7
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	70	65	10	0.4	0.8	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	30	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	16,420	8,415	8,010	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	16,285	8,340	7,950	99.2	99.1	99.3
Official languages	16,200	8,275	7,925	98.7	98.3	98.9
English	190	125	65	1.2	1.5	0.8
French	16,010	8,150	7,860	97.5	96.9	98.1
Non-official languages	85	65	20	0.5	0.8	0.2
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	85	65	20	0.5	0.8	0.2
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Haitian Creole	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	60	60	0	0.4	0.7	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	60	60	0	0.4	0.7	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	60	60	0	0.4	0.7	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Chinese languages	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	135	70	60	0.8	0.8	0.7
English and French	125	70	55	0.8	0.8	0.7
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	16,420	8,415	8,010	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	14,980	7,480	7,500	91.2	88.9	93.6
English	1,215	770	445	7.4	9.2	5.6
French	190	145	50	1.2	1.7	0.6
Non-official language	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	14,095	7,330	6,765	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	1,700	770	930	12.1	10.5	13.7
Worked outside Canada	30	25	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
No fixed workplace address	1,090	835	260	7.7	11.4	3.8
Usual place of work	11,270	5,695	5,575	80.0	77.7	82.4
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	11,275	5,700	5,575	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	6,520	3,190	3,330	57.8	56.0	59.7
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	3,455	1,765	1,695	30.6	31.0	30.4
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	1,285	740	540	11.4	13.0	9.7
Commute to a different province or territory	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	12,365	6,535	5,830	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	11,320	6,040	5,285	91.5	92.4	90.7
Car, truck or van - as a driver	10,850	5,845	5,005	87.7	89.4	85.8
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	470	190	280	3.8	2.9	4.8
Public transit	40	20	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Walked	755	330	425	6.1	5.0	7.3
Bicycle	50	35	0	0.4	0.5	0.0
Other method	200	110	90	1.6	1.7	1.5
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	12,365	6,535	5,830	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	8,065	4,165	3,900	65.2	63.7	66.9
15 to 29 minutes	3,145	1,640	1,505	25.4	25.1	25.8
30 to 44 minutes	665	385	285	5.4	5.9	4.9
45 to 59 minutes	265	175	90	2.1	2.7	1.5
60 minutes and over	225	175	55	1.8	2.7	0.9
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	12,365	6,535	5,830	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	655	460	190	5.3	7.0	3.3
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,935	1,465	470	15.6	22.4	8.1
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	4,680	2,360	2,320	37.8	36.1	39.8
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	2,635	990	1,645	21.3	15.1	28.2
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	845	330	515	6.8	5.0	8.8
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,615	925	690	13.1	14.2	11.8
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	5,630	2,890	2,740	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	180	100	85	3.2	3.5	3.1
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	5,450	2,790	2,660	96.8	96.5	97.1
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	4,195	2,145	2,045	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	135	65	65	3.2	3.0	3.2
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	75	35	30	1.8	1.6	1.5
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	65	30	35	1.5	1.4	1.7
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	4,060	2,080	1,980	96.8	97.0	96.8

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 18, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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