Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Rivière-du-Loup, Municipalité régionale de comté (MRC)More information: Quebec [Census division]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	35,338	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	33,958	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	4.1	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total private dwellings²	17,740	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	16,163	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	27.7	...	...	27.7	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	1,276.86	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	35,340	17,480	17,855	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	5,515	2,820	2,695	15.6	16.1	15.1
0 to 4 years	1,615	825	790	4.6	4.7	4.4
5 to 9 years	1,865	950	910	5.3	5.4	5.1
10 to 14 years	2,035	1,040	995	5.8	5.9	5.6
15 to 64 years	20,785	10,505	10,285	58.8	60.1	57.6
15 to 19 years	1,785	935	845	5.1	5.3	4.7
20 to 24 years	1,635	835	800	4.6	4.8	4.5
25 to 29 years	1,790	905	885	5.1	5.2	5.0
30 to 34 years	1,965	1,015	950	5.6	5.8	5.3
35 to 39 years	2,030	1,030	1,000	5.7	5.9	5.6
40 to 44 years	2,170	1,110	1,060	6.1	6.4	5.9
45 to 49 years	2,040	1,030	1,010	5.8	5.9	5.7
50 to 54 years	1,865	950	915	5.3	5.4	5.1
55 to 59 years	2,565	1,255	1,310	7.3	7.2	7.3
60 to 64 years	2,940	1,435	1,505	8.3	8.2	8.4
65 years and over	9,035	4,165	4,870	25.6	23.8	27.3
65 to 69 years	2,855	1,370	1,485	8.1	7.8	8.3
70 to 74 years	2,360	1,150	1,205	6.7	6.6	6.7
75 to 79 years	1,690	810	875	4.8	4.6	4.9
80 to 84 years	1,000	445	555	2.8	2.5	3.1
85 years and over	1,140	385	750	3.2	2.2	4.2
85 to 89 years	700	245	460	2.0	1.4	2.6
90 to 94 years	340	120	225	1.0	0.7	1.3
95 to 99 years	80	20	60	0.2	0.1	0.3
100 years and over	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	15.6	16.1	15.1	15.6	16.1	15.1
15 to 64 years	58.8	60.1	57.6	58.8	60.1	57.6
65 years and over	25.6	23.8	27.3	25.6	23.8	27.3
85 years and over	3.2	2.2	4.2	3.2	2.2	4.2
Average age of the population	45.2	44.1	46.2	45.2	44.1	46.2
Median age of the population	46.8	45.2	48.4	46.8	45.2	48.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	16,160	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	9,505	...	...	58.8	...	...
Semi-detached house	840	...	...	5.2	...	...
Row house	190	...	...	1.2	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	745	...	...	4.6	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	4,555	...	...	28.2	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	50	...	...	0.3	...	...
Other single-attached house	125	...	...	0.8	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	150	...	...	0.9	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	16,165	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	6,050	...	...	37.4	...	...
2 persons	6,010	...	...	37.2	...	...
3 persons	1,750	...	...	10.8	...	...
4 persons	1,565	...	...	9.7	...	...
5 or more persons	795	...	...	4.9	...	...
Number of persons in private households	33,840	16,920	16,925	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.1	...	...	2.1	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	29,825	14,665	15,160	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	17,500	8,760	8,745	58.7	59.7	57.7
Married	8,495	4,260	4,235	28.5	29.0	27.9
Living common-law	9,005	4,490	4,515	30.2	30.6	29.8
Living common law - Never married	7,610	3,765	3,840	25.5	25.7	25.3
Living common law - Separated	60	30	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Living common law - Divorced	1,155	625	535	3.9	4.3	3.5
Living common law - Widowed	180	75	105	0.6	0.5	0.7
Not married and not living common-law	12,320	5,910	6,410	41.3	40.3	42.3
Not married and not living common law - Never married	8,285	4,515	3,770	27.8	30.8	24.9
Not married and not living common law - Separated	310	150	155	1.0	1.0	1.0
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	1,875	795	1,085	6.3	5.4	7.2
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	1,855	445	1,405	6.2	3.0	9.3
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	9,730	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	5,800	...	...	59.6	...	...
3 persons	1,670	...	...	17.2	...	...
4 persons	1,535	...	...	15.8	...	...
5 or more persons	725	...	...	7.5	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	9,735	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	8,560	...	...	87.9	...	...
Married couples	4,060	...	...	41.7	...	...
With children⁶	1,065	...	...	10.9	...	...
Without children	2,995	...	...	30.8	...	...
Common-law couples	4,495	...	...	46.2	...	...
With children⁶	2,375	...	...	24.4	...	...
Without children	2,120	...	...	21.8	...	...
Total one-parent families	1,175	...	...	12.1	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	845	...	...	8.7	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	335	...	...	3.4	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	33,840	16,915	16,925	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	26,625	13,265	13,360	78.7	78.4	78.9
Married spouses or common-law partners	17,115	8,545	8,570	50.6	50.5	50.6
Parents in one-parent families	1,175	330	840	3.5	2.0	5.0
Children⁶	8,335	4,385	3,950	24.6	25.9	23.3
In a two-parent family	6,505	3,405	3,100	19.2	20.1	18.3
In a one-parent family	1,825	980	850	5.4	5.8	5.0
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	7,220	3,655	3,565	21.3	21.6	21.1
Living alone	6,050	2,990	3,060	17.9	17.7	18.1
Living with other relatives⁷	365	180	190	1.1	1.1	1.1
Living with non-relatives only	795	480	315	2.3	2.8	1.9
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	16,165	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	9,485	...	...	58.7	...	...
Couple-family households	8,390	...	...	51.9	...	...
With children⁶	3,375	...	...	20.9	...	...
Without children	5,015	...	...	31.0	...	...
One-parent-family households	1,090	...	...	6.7	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	60	...	...	0.4	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	15	...	...	0.1	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	135	...	...	0.8	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	420	...	...	2.6	...	...
One-person households	6,050	...	...	37.4	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	28,340	14,105	14,235	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	28,005	13,975	14,030	98.8	99.1	98.6
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,400	45,200	36,000	40,400	45,200	36,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	28,005	13,975	14,030	98.8	99.1	98.6
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,600	39,200	32,400	35,600	39,200	32,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	25,350	12,935	12,425	89.4	91.7	87.3
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	32,400	38,800	26,600	32,400	38,800	26,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	20,090	10,715	9,375	70.9	76.0	65.9
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,200	40,000	30,200	35,200	40,000	30,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	23,820	11,430	12,390	84.1	81.0	87.0
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,800	10,300	12,700	11,800	10,300	12,700
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	3,985	2,210	1,780	14.1	15.7	12.5
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,920	5,720	6,000	5,920	5,720	6,000
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	7,410	3,875	3,535	26.1	27.5	24.8
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	5,480	6,500	6,000	5,480	6,500
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	28,340	14,105	14,230	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	27,925	13,965	13,960	98.5	99.0	98.1
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	47,920	54,250	41,600	47,920	54,250	41,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	27,925	13,965	13,960	98.5	99.0	98.1
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,680	43,520	35,840	39,680	43,520	35,840
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	25,225	12,805	12,425	89.0	90.8	87.3
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,360	49,000	33,480	41,360	49,000	33,480
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	20,090	10,605	9,485	70.9	75.2	66.7
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,200	46,160	35,680	41,200	46,160	35,680
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	23,760	11,410	12,350	83.8	80.9	86.8
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,410	11,410	13,340	12,410	11,410	13,340
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	3,890	2,115	1,775	13.7	15.0	12.5
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,410	6,650	8,320	7,410	6,650	8,320
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	7,455	3,850	3,605	26.3	27.3	25.3
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,990	6,350	7,670	6,990	6,350	7,670
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	28,335	14,105	14,230	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	9,530	5,270	4,260	33.6	37.4	29.9
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	50,400	54,400	46,000	50,400	54,400	46,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	58,600	62,400	53,900	58,600	62,400	53,900
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	8,475	4,135	4,340	29.9	29.3	30.5
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	20,800	27,200	17,400	20,800	27,200	17,400
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	29,280	36,000	22,860	29,280	36,000	22,860
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	78.0	82.8	71.6	78.0	82.8	71.6
Employment income (%)¹⁹	61.9	64.6	58.3	61.9	64.6	58.3
Government transfers (%)²⁰	22.0	17.2	28.4	22.0	17.2	28.4
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.2	1.9	2.6	2.2	1.9	2.6
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	4.7	3.8	5.9	4.7	3.8	5.9
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	3.9	3.2	4.8	3.9	3.2	4.8
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	28,335	14,110	14,230	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	335	135	200	1.2	1.0	1.4
With total income	28,005	13,975	14,030	98.8	99.0	98.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,550	600	945	5.5	4.3	6.7
$10,000 to $19,999	3,555	1,390	2,160	12.7	9.9	15.4
$20,000 to $29,999	4,740	2,165	2,570	16.9	15.5	18.3
$30,000 to $39,999	4,000	1,760	2,240	14.3	12.6	16.0
$40,000 to $49,999	4,100	2,070	2,035	14.6	14.8	14.5
$50,000 to $59,999	3,310	1,880	1,430	11.8	13.5	10.2
$60,000 to $69,999	2,275	1,370	900	8.1	9.8	6.4
$70,000 to $79,999	1,355	850	505	4.8	6.1	3.6
$80,000 to $89,999	985	560	425	3.5	4.0	3.0
$90,000 to $99,999	665	365	300	2.4	2.6	2.1
$100,000 and over	1,480	960	520	5.3	6.9	3.7
$100,000 to $149,999	1,060	660	395	3.8	4.7	2.8
$150,000 and over	420	300	120	1.5	2.1	0.9
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	28,335	14,110	14,230	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	330	130	200	1.2	0.9	1.4
With after-tax income	28,010	13,975	14,035	98.9	99.0	98.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,685	645	1,040	6.0	4.6	7.4
$10,000 to $19,999	3,760	1,500	2,260	13.4	10.7	16.1
$20,000 to $29,999	5,550	2,500	3,050	19.8	17.9	21.7
$30,000 to $39,999	5,280	2,585	2,700	18.9	18.5	19.2
$40,000 to $49,999	4,840	2,685	2,155	17.3	19.2	15.4
$50,000 to $59,999	2,895	1,740	1,150	10.3	12.5	8.2
$60,000 to $69,999	1,670	960	710	6.0	6.9	5.1
$70,000 to $79,999	950	485	470	3.4	3.5	3.3
$80,000 to $89,999	530	305	225	1.9	2.2	1.6
$90,000 to $99,999	300	195	105	1.1	1.4	0.7
$100,000 and over	540	370	170	1.9	2.6	1.2
$100,000 to $124,999	265	175	90	0.9	1.3	0.6
$125,000 and over	275	200	75	1.0	1.4	0.5
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	28,335	14,110	14,230	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	8,250	3,390	4,855	29.1	24.0	34.1
With employment income	20,090	10,715	9,375	70.9	75.9	65.9
Under $5,000 (including loss)	2,400	1,315	1,085	11.9	12.3	11.6
$5,000 to $9,999	1,605	700	910	8.0	6.5	9.7
$10,000 to $19,999	2,490	1,035	1,450	12.4	9.7	15.5
$20,000 to $29,999	2,315	1,115	1,205	11.5	10.4	12.9
$30,000 to $39,999	2,405	1,175	1,235	12.0	11.0	13.2
$40,000 to $49,999	2,555	1,400	1,155	12.7	13.1	12.3
$50,000 to $59,999	1,865	1,180	685	9.3	11.0	7.3
$60,000 to $69,999	1,325	875	450	6.6	8.2	4.8
$70,000 to $79,999	915	570	340	4.6	5.3	3.6
$80,000 to $89,999	715	395	315	3.6	3.7	3.4
$90,000 to $99,999	415	240	175	2.1	2.2	1.9
$100,000 and over	1,080	715	365	5.4	6.7	3.9
$100,000 to $124,999	550	335	215	2.7	3.1	2.3
$125,000 and over	530	380	150	2.6	3.5	1.6
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	28,340	14,105	14,235	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	27,705	13,800	13,905	97.8	97.8	97.7
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,000	43,200	33,200	38,000	43,200	33,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	27,715	13,805	13,915	97.8	97.9	97.8
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	33,600	37,600	30,000	33,600	37,600	30,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	25,085	12,790	12,295	88.5	90.7	86.4
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	33,200	39,600	27,800	33,200	39,600	27,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	20,380	10,810	9,565	71.9	76.6	67.2
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,200	40,400	30,400	35,200	40,400	30,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	21,640	10,140	11,495	76.4	71.9	80.8
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,300	8,100	10,300	9,300	8,100	10,300
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	3,985	2,250	1,730	14.1	16.0	12.2
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,080	4,920	5,360	5,080	4,920	5,360
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	28,340	14,105	14,230	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	27,665	13,795	13,880	97.6	97.8	97.5
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	45,520	52,300	38,760	45,520	52,300	38,760
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	27,690	13,800	13,890	97.7	97.8	97.6
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	37,840	42,320	33,400	37,840	42,320	33,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	25,145	12,745	12,400	88.7	90.4	87.1
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,440	49,160	33,520	41,440	49,160	33,520
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	20,490	10,770	9,720	72.3	76.4	68.3
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,840	46,080	35,040	40,840	46,080	35,040
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	21,625	10,100	11,525	76.3	71.6	81.0
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,020	9,370	10,590	10,020	9,370	10,590
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	3,840	2,190	1,645	13.5	15.5	11.6
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,710	6,090	7,540	6,710	6,090	7,540
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	28,335	14,105	14,230	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	9,515	5,235	4,275	33.6	37.1	30.0
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	47,200	52,400	42,400	47,200	52,400	42,400
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	55,200	59,850	49,520	55,200	59,850	49,520
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	8,165	3,960	4,205	28.8	28.1	29.6
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	25,000	31,400	21,800	25,000	31,400	21,800
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	33,600	40,960	26,640	33,600	40,960	26,640
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	82.8	86.8	77.4	82.8	86.8	77.4
Employment income (%)	66.4	68.8	63.4	66.4	68.8	63.4
Government transfers (%)	17.2	13.1	22.7	17.2	13.1	22.7
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.1	1.9	2.3	2.1	1.9	2.3
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	16,165	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	66,000	...	...	66,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	57,600	...	...	57,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	6,050	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	36,000	...	...	36,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	32,400	...	...	32,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	10,115	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	92,000	...	...	92,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	79,000	...	...	79,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	16,165	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	82,800	...	...	82,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	68,600	...	...	68,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	6,060	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	42,200	...	...	42,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	36,080	...	...	36,080	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	10,100	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	107,200	...	...	107,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	88,100	...	...	88,100	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	16,165	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	75	...	...	0.5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	80	...	...	0.5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	220	...	...	1.4	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	395	...	...	2.4	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,165	...	...	7.2	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	650	...	...	4.0	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	735	...	...	4.5	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	905	...	...	5.6	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	855	...	...	5.3	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	775	...	...	4.8	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,455	...	...	9.0	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,265	...	...	7.8	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,120	...	...	6.9	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	985	...	...	6.1	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	915	...	...	5.7	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,550	...	...	28.1	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,820	...	...	11.3	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,130	...	...	7.0	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	990	...	...	6.1	...	...
$200,000 and over	615	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	16,165	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	90	...	...	0.6	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	85	...	...	0.5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	225	...	...	1.4	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	420	...	...	2.6	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,255	...	...	7.8	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	805	...	...	5.0	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	935	...	...	5.8	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,125	...	...	7.0	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	965	...	...	6.0	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	905	...	...	5.6	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,625	...	...	10.1	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,360	...	...	8.4	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,255	...	...	7.8	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,105	...	...	6.8	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	980	...	...	6.1	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,020	...	...	18.7	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,540	...	...	9.5	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	740	...	...	4.6	...	...
$150,000 and over	740	...	...	4.6	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	9,810	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	92,000	...	...	92,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	79,000	...	...	79,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	5,030	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	77,500	...	...	77,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	68,000	...	...	68,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	3,455	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	126,000	...	...	126,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	106,000	...	...	106,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,160	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	64,500	...	...	64,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	58,400	...	...	58,400	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	6,845	3,470	3,375	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	35,600	39,200	32,400	35,600	39,200	32,400
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	32,400	34,800	30,400	32,400	34,800	30,400
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	9,785	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	107,500	...	...	107,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	88,200	...	...	88,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	5,000	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	93,600	...	...	93,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	76,200	...	...	76,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	3,455	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	140,200	...	...	140,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	114,400	...	...	114,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,155	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	73,000	...	...	73,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	63,700	...	...	63,700	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	6,860	3,535	3,330	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	41,720	43,840	39,440	41,720	43,840	39,440
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	35,720	36,840	34,520	35,720	36,840	34,520
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	33,845	16,915	16,930	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	6,520	3,320	3,200	19.3	19.6	18.9
0 to 5 years	1,980	1,020	960	5.9	6.0	5.7
18 to 64 years	19,510	9,850	9,660	57.6	58.2	57.1
65 years and over	7,810	3,745	4,065	23.1	22.1	24.0
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	3,945	1,825	2,115	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	350	180	175	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	105	50	55	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	1,730	885	840	...	...	...
65 years and over	1,865	760	1,105	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	11.7	10.8	12.5	11.7	10.8	12.5
0 to 17 years (%)	5.4	5.4	5.4	5.4	5.4	5.4
0 to 5 years (%)	5.4	5.2	5.6	5.4	5.2	5.6
18 to 64 years (%)	8.9	9.0	8.7	8.9	9.0	8.7
65 years and over (%)	23.9	20.4	27.2	23.9	20.4	27.2
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	33,840	16,915	16,925	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	6,520	3,320	3,200	19.3	19.6	18.9
0 to 5 years	1,980	1,020	965	5.9	6.0	5.7
18 to 64 years	19,510	9,850	9,660	57.7	58.2	57.1
65 years and over	7,810	3,740	4,065	23.1	22.1	24.0
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	755	425	335	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	50	35	15	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	10	5	5	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	635	355	280	...	...	...
65 years and over	75	30	45	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.2	2.5	2.0	2.2	2.5	2.0
0 to 17 years (%)	0.7	1.0	0.4	0.7	1.0	0.4
0 to 5 years (%)	0.6	0.6	x	0.6	0.6	x
18 to 64 years (%)	3.3	3.6	2.9	3.3	3.6	2.9
65 years and over (%)	0.9	0.8	1.1	0.9	0.8	1.1
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	33,845	16,915	16,925	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	20,510	10,075	10,435	60.6	59.6	61.7
In bottom decile	3,145	1,490	1,655	9.3	8.8	9.8
In second decile	3,990	1,865	2,120	11.8	11.0	12.5
In third decile	4,440	2,190	2,250	13.1	12.9	13.3
In fourth decile	4,345	2,215	2,130	12.8	13.1	12.6
In fifth decile	4,590	2,310	2,280	13.6	13.7	13.5
In top half of the distribution	13,330	6,845	6,490	39.4	40.5	38.3
In sixth decile	4,065	2,085	1,985	12.0	12.3	11.7
In seventh decile	3,475	1,765	1,710	10.3	10.4	10.1
In eighth decile	2,650	1,350	1,305	7.8	8.0	7.7
In ninth decile	1,850	955	895	5.5	5.6	5.3
In top decile	1,290	690	605	3.8	4.1	3.6
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	33,840	...	...	33,840	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.294	...	...	0.294	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.425	...	...	0.425	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.250	...	...	0.250	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.1	...	...	3.1	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	34,885	17,325	17,555	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
French only	26,735	12,775	13,960	76.6	73.7	79.5
English and French	8,035	4,460	3,575	23.0	25.7	20.4
Neither English nor French	90	75	15	0.3	0.4	0.1
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	34,885	17,325	17,555	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	195	95	95	0.6	0.5	0.5
French	34,520	17,100	17,415	99.0	98.7	99.2
English and French	85	55	35	0.2	0.3	0.2
Neither English nor French	85	75	10	0.2	0.4	0.1
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	34,885	17,325	17,555	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	34,675	17,205	17,465	99.4	99.3	99.5
Official languages	34,330	17,005	17,330	98.4	98.2	98.7
English	190	100	95	0.5	0.6	0.5
French	34,140	16,905	17,235	97.9	97.6	98.2
Non-official languages	340	200	140	1.0	1.2	0.8
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	340	200	140	1.0	1.2	0.8
Afro-Asiatic languages	95	55	45	0.3	0.3	0.3
Berber languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	85	45	40	0.2	0.3	0.2
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	85	45	40	0.2	0.3	0.2
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Haitian Creole	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	170	110	55	0.5	0.6	0.3
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
German	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	140	105	35	0.4	0.6	0.2
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	120	95	25	0.3	0.5	0.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Chinese languages	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	210	125	90	0.6	0.7	0.5
English and French	140	80	60	0.4	0.5	0.3
English and non-official language(s)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	55	30	25	0.2	0.2	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	34,885	17,325	17,555	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	75	40	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
French	33,845	16,725	17,125	97.0	96.5	97.6
Non-official language	135	100	35	0.4	0.6	0.2
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	135	100	35	0.4	0.6	0.2
English and French	610	350	260	1.7	2.0	1.5
English and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	145	70	70	0.4	0.4	0.4
English, French and non-official language(s)	75	40	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	34,885	17,325	17,555	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	34,690	17,220	17,475	99.4	99.4	99.5
Official languages	34,495	17,090	17,405	98.9	98.6	99.1
English	120	65	60	0.3	0.4	0.3
French	34,375	17,025	17,350	98.5	98.3	98.8
Non-official languages	195	130	65	0.6	0.8	0.4
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	195	130	65	0.6	0.8	0.4
Afro-Asiatic languages	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Berber languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	45	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	45	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	115	90	25	0.3	0.5	0.1
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	100	85	20	0.3	0.5	0.1
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	95	80	10	0.3	0.5	0.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	195	110	85	0.6	0.6	0.5
English and French	140	75	60	0.4	0.4	0.3
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	45	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	34,885	17,325	17,555	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	34,235	16,965	17,275	98.1	97.9	98.4
English	450	270	180	1.3	1.6	1.0
French	80	40	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Non-official language	65	25	35	0.2	0.1	0.2
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	65	25	35	0.2	0.1	0.2
English and French	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
English and non-official language(s)	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	33,845	16,915	16,930	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	33,755	16,855	16,905	99.7	99.6	99.9
English	7,855	4,400	3,455	23.2	26.0	20.4
French	33,730	16,835	16,895	99.7	99.5	99.8
Non-official languages	1,110	555	555	3.3	3.3	3.3
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,110	555	555	3.3	3.3	3.3
Afro-Asiatic languages	180	95	85	0.5	0.6	0.5
Berber languages	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kabyle	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	160	85	75	0.5	0.5	0.4
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	160	85	75	0.5	0.5	0.4
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	35	10	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Haitian Creole	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	725	370	355	2.1	2.2	2.1
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	15	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	35	10	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	35	10	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Russian	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	100	50	45	0.3	0.3	0.3
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	75	30	45	0.2	0.2	0.3
German	75	30	45	0.2	0.2	0.3
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	25	25	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	640	325	315	1.9	1.9	1.9
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	30	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
Portuguese	35	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	605	310	300	1.8	1.8	1.8
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	80	45	35	0.2	0.3	0.2
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	40	30	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Sino-Tibetan languages	45	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages	45	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	40	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	25	20	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Lao	25	20	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	33,845	16,915	16,925	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	535	240	290	1.6	1.4	1.7
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	480	215	260	1.4	1.3	1.5
First Nations (North American Indian)	235	115	120	0.7	0.7	0.7
Métis	245	100	145	0.7	0.6	0.9
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	55	25	25	0.2	0.1	0.1
Non-Indigenous identity	33,310	16,670	16,635	98.4	98.6	98.3
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	33,845	16,915	16,925	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	135	70	60	0.4	0.4	0.4
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	33,710	16,845	16,865	99.6	99.6	99.6
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	16,165	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	10,595	...	...	65.5	...	...
Renter	5,565	...	...	34.4	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	16,165	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	1,105	...	...	6.8	...	...
Not condominium	15,055	...	...	93.1	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	16,165	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	105	...	...	0.6	...	...
1 bedroom	1,745	...	...	10.8	...	...
2 bedrooms	4,685	...	...	29.0	...	...
3 bedrooms	5,345	...	...	33.1	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	4,275	...	...	26.4	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	16,165	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	4,845	...	...	30.0	...	...
5 rooms	2,305	...	...	14.3	...	...
6 rooms	1,935	...	...	12.0	...	...
7 rooms	2,025	...	...	12.5	...	...
8 or more rooms	5,050	...	...	31.2	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.3	...	...	6.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	16,165	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	16,135	...	...	99.8	...	...
More than one person per room	30	...	...	0.2	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	16,165	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	16,005	...	...	99.0	...	...
Not suitable	155	...	...	1.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	16,165	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	4,615	...	...	28.5	...	...
1961 to 1980	4,730	...	...	29.3	...	...
1981 to 1990	2,010	...	...	12.4	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,635	...	...	10.1	...	...
2001 to 2005	750	...	...	4.6	...	...
2006 to 2010	950	...	...	5.9	...	...
2011 to 2015	915	...	...	5.7	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	565	...	...	3.5	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	16,165	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	15,225	...	...	94.2	...	...
Major repairs needed	940	...	...	5.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	16,165	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	9,470	...	...	58.6	...	...
Two-maintainer household	6,550	...	...	40.5	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	145	...	...	0.9	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	16,165	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	590	...	...	3.6	...	...
25 to 34 years	2,070	...	...	12.8	...	...
35 to 44 years	2,420	...	...	15.0	...	...
45 to 54 years	2,455	...	...	15.2	...	...
55 to 64 years	3,350	...	...	20.7	...	...
65 to 74 years	3,205	...	...	19.8	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,685	...	...	10.4	...	...
85 years and over	390	...	...	2.4	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	15,940	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	14,370	...	...	90.2	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	1,565	...	...	9.8	...	...
30% to less than 100%	1,435	...	...	9.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	16,165	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	2,530	...	...	15.7	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	1,450	...	...	9.0	...	...
Not suitable only	140	...	...	0.9	...	...
Major repairs needed only	810	...	...	5.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	115	...	...	0.7	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	15	...	...	0.1	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	13,635	...	...	84.3	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	15,810	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	460	...	...	2.9	...	...
Not in core need	15,355	...	...	97.1	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	10,430	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	57.1	...	...	57.1	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	5.5	...	...	5.5	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	1.1	...	...	1.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	830	...	...	830	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	917	...	...	917	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	200,000	...	...	200,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	223,400	...	...	223,400	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	5,560	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	9.9	...	...	9.9	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	17.8	...	...	17.8	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	6.2	...	...	6.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	612	...	...	612	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	633	...	...	633	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	33,840	16,915	16,925	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	555	260	295	1.6	1.5	1.7
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	545	260	285	1.6	1.5	1.7
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	440	210	235	1.3	1.2	1.4
Métis single ancestry	105	50	55	0.3	0.3	0.3
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	620	265	355	1.8	1.6	2.1
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	615	265	350	1.8	1.6	2.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	520	230	290	1.5	1.4	1.7
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	100	35	60	0.3	0.2	0.4
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	32,670	16,390	16,280	96.5	96.9	96.2
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	33,840	16,920	16,925	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	33,220	16,545	16,670	98.2	97.8	98.5
Canadian citizens aged under 18	6,450	3,295	3,155	19.1	19.5	18.6
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	26,770	13,250	13,520	79.1	78.3	79.9
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	620	370	255	1.8	2.2	1.5
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	33,840	16,920	16,925	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	32,915	16,390	16,530	97.3	96.9	97.7
Immigrants⁸¹	520	255	260	1.5	1.5	1.5
Before 1980	65	30	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
1980 to 1990	60	40	20	0.2	0.2	0.1
1991 to 2000	50	15	35	0.1	0.1	0.2
2001 to 2010	130	75	55	0.4	0.4	0.3
2011 to 2021⁸²	220	100	115	0.7	0.6	0.7
2011 to 2015	80	40	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
2016 to 2021	135	60	80	0.4	0.4	0.5
Non-permanent residents⁸³	410	270	140	1.2	1.6	0.8
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	520	255	265	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	75	30	45	14.4	11.8	17.0
5 to 14 years	105	65	40	20.2	25.5	15.1
15 to 24 years	60	25	30	11.5	9.8	11.3
25 to 44 years	245	115	130	47.1	45.1	49.1
45 years and over	35	20	10	6.7	7.8	3.8
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	520	255	265	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	90	40	45	17.3	15.7	17.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	20	15	0	3.8	5.9	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	25	0	20	4.8	0.0	7.5
Other places of birth in Americas	25	10	15	4.8	3.9	5.7
Europe	195	95	95	37.5	37.3	35.8
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	155	80	80	29.8	31.4	30.2
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portugal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	10	0	0	1.9	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	10	10	0	1.9	3.9	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	10	1.9	0.0	3.8
Africa	125	65	60	24.0	25.5	22.6
Algeria	45	20	25	8.7	7.8	9.4
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	15	0	10	2.9	0.0	3.8
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	65	40	25	12.5	15.7	9.4
Asia	100	50	55	19.2	19.6	20.8
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	15	10	0	2.9	3.9	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	35	15	25	6.7	5.9	9.4
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	10	10	0	1.9	3.9	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	35	15	15	6.7	5.9	5.7
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	140	60	80	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	50	20	30	35.7	33.3	37.5
France	45	15	25	32.1	25.0	31.3
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	70	35	35	50.0	58.3	43.8
Algeria	30	10	15	21.4	16.7	18.8
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	10	0	0	7.1	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	25	20	10	17.9	33.3	12.5
Asia	15	0	10	10.7	0.0	12.5
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	33,845	16,915	16,930	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	1,000	550	455	3.0	3.3	2.7
Second generation¹⁰¹	535	270	270	1.6	1.6	1.6
Third generation or more¹⁰²	32,300	16,095	16,205	95.4	95.2	95.7
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	455	230	230	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	275	155	120	60.4	67.4	52.2
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	130	85	45	28.6	37.0	19.6
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	145	70	75	31.9	30.4	32.6
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	155	60	95	34.1	26.1	41.3
Refugees¹⁰⁸	20	15	10	4.4	6.5	4.3
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	10	0	10	2.2	0.0	4.3
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	455	230	230	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	50	20	30	11.0	8.7	13.0
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	10	10	0	2.2	4.3	0.0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	50	35	15	11.0	15.2	6.5
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	10	0	10	2.2	0.0	4.3
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	335	155	175	73.6	67.4	76.1
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	33,845	16,915	16,930	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	700	400	300	2.1	2.4	1.8
South Asian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese	60	20	40	0.2	0.1	0.2
Black	260	135	120	0.8	0.8	0.7
Filipino	25	25	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Arab	120	75	45	0.4	0.4	0.3
Latin American	110	85	25	0.3	0.5	0.1
Southeast Asian	60	30	25	0.2	0.2	0.1
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Multiple visible minorities	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	33,140	16,515	16,625	97.9	97.6	98.2
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	33,845	16,915	16,930	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	14,570	7,250	7,320	43.0	42.9	43.2
English	75	30	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
Irish	725	335	390	2.1	2.0	2.3
Scottish	195	85	105	0.6	0.5	0.6
French, n.o.s.¹²²	7,710	3,925	3,780	22.8	23.2	22.3
German	195	75	115	0.6	0.4	0.7
Chinese	60	20	35	0.2	0.1	0.2
Italian	105	30	75	0.3	0.2	0.4
Indian (India)	50	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.2
Ukrainian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dutch	35	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Polish	45	20	30	0.1	0.1	0.2
Québécois	5,235	2,580	2,650	15.5	15.3	15.7
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Filipino	25	25	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
French Canadian	3,925	1,975	1,950	11.6	11.7	11.5
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	535	250	285	1.6	1.5	1.7
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	420	185	235	1.2	1.1	1.4
Métis	215	85	130	0.6	0.5	0.8
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	275	115	155	0.8	0.7	0.9
Russian	45	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	15	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
American	100	50	50	0.3	0.3	0.3
Spanish	65	30	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Acadian	355	140	215	1.0	0.8	1.3
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	65	45	25	0.2	0.3	0.1
Jewish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	40	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	55	30	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Greek	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Jamaican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanese	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	605	330	275	1.8	2.0	1.6
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	105	45	60	0.3	0.3	0.4
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belgian	65	35	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Haitian	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mennonite	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	35	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	90	45	45	0.3	0.3	0.3
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	40	10	30	0.1	0.1	0.2
Egyptian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moroccan	35	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	15	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	60	20	35	0.2	0.1	0.2
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	50	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	40	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
New Brunswicker	55	35	20	0.2	0.2	0.1
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	75	35	45	0.2	0.2	0.3
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Guatemalan	60	60	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	35	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	50	20	30	0.1	0.1	0.2
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	40	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	15	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	90	45	45	0.3	0.3	0.3
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	35	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Huron (Wendat)	40	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	30	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Norman	95	55	40	0.3	0.3	0.2
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	15	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	30	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	75	35	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	33,845	16,915	16,925	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian	27,635	13,635	14,005	81.7	80.6	82.7
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	1,900	980	925	5.6	5.8	5.5
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Baptist	80	40	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Catholic	25,465	12,535	12,935	75.2	74.1	76.4
Christian Orthodox	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jehovah's Witness	75	35	45	0.2	0.2	0.3
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lutheran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	65	15	45	0.2	0.1	0.3
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	195	105	90	0.6	0.6	0.5
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	55	25	35	0.2	0.1	0.2
No religion and secular perspectives	5,940	3,135	2,800	17.6	18.5	16.5
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	33,550	16,750	16,800	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	29,920	14,920	15,000	89.2	89.1	89.3
Movers	3,635	1,830	1,805	10.8	10.9	10.7
Non-migrants	1,870	950	920	5.6	5.7	5.5
Migrants	1,760	875	885	5.2	5.2	5.3
Internal migrants	1,645	830	815	4.9	5.0	4.9
Intraprovincial migrants	1,560	795	765	4.6	4.7	4.6
Interprovincial migrants	80	35	50	0.2	0.2	0.3
External migrants	120	45	70	0.4	0.3	0.4
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	32,245	16,075	16,165	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	20,990	10,460	10,530	65.1	65.1	65.1
Movers	11,255	5,615	5,640	34.9	34.9	34.9
Non-migrants	3,970	1,955	2,015	12.3	12.2	12.5
Migrants	7,285	3,660	3,625	22.6	22.8	22.4
Internal migrants	6,845	3,390	3,455	21.2	21.1	21.4
Intraprovincial migrants	6,700	3,335	3,365	20.8	20.7	20.8
Interprovincial migrants	145	50	90	0.4	0.3	0.6
External migrants	440	270	170	1.4	1.7	1.1
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	28,340	14,105	14,230	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	6,365	3,580	2,790	22.5	25.4	19.6
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	21,970	10,530	11,445	77.5	74.7	80.4
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	17,220	8,635	8,585	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	2,835	1,765	1,070	16.5	20.4	12.5
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	14,385	6,865	7,515	83.5	79.5	87.5
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	28,340	14,105	14,230	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	5,450	2,915	2,535	19.2	20.7	17.8
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	5,705	2,625	3,080	20.1	18.6	21.6
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	17,185	8,565	8,620	60.6	60.7	60.6
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	12,990	6,705	6,280	45.8	47.5	44.1
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	6,795	4,255	2,540	24.0	30.2	17.8
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	5,240	3,030	2,210	18.5	21.5	15.5
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	1,555	1,225	330	5.5	8.7	2.3
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	5,205	2,160	3,040	18.4	15.3	21.4
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	990	290	705	3.5	2.1	5.0
Bachelor's degree or higher	4,195	1,860	2,335	14.8	13.2	16.4
Bachelor's degree	2,880	1,225	1,655	10.2	8.7	11.6
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	315	150	170	1.1	1.1	1.2
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	130	65	60	0.5	0.5	0.4
Master's degree	765	365	395	2.7	2.6	2.8
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	100	45	55	0.4	0.3	0.4
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	17,220	8,635	8,585	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,200	1,305	895	12.8	15.1	10.4
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	2,540	1,205	1,335	14.8	14.0	15.6
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,485	6,125	6,360	72.5	70.9	74.1
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	9,280	4,800	4,475	53.9	55.6	52.1
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	4,995	3,040	1,955	29.0	35.2	22.8
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	3,960	2,215	1,740	23.0	25.7	20.3
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	1,040	825	220	6.0	9.6	2.6
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	3,685	1,565	2,115	21.4	18.1	24.6
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	600	200	400	3.5	2.3	4.7
Bachelor's degree or higher	3,205	1,320	1,880	18.6	15.3	21.9
Bachelor's degree	2,185	885	1,305	12.7	10.2	15.2
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	200	75	125	1.2	0.9	1.5
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	105	50	65	0.6	0.6	0.8
Master's degree	620	275	350	3.6	3.2	4.1
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	85	40	40	0.5	0.5	0.5
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	28,340	14,110	14,235	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	11,155	5,545	5,610	39.4	39.3	39.4
Education	1,550	380	1,170	5.5	2.7	8.2
13. Education	1,550	380	1,170	5.5	2.7	8.2
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	435	160	275	1.5	1.1	1.9
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
50. Visual and performing arts	395	145	255	1.4	1.0	1.8
Humanities	670	305	370	2.4	2.2	2.6
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	35	0	35	0.1	0.0	0.2
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	420	185	240	1.5	1.3	1.7
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	35	25	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
39. Theology and religious vocations	55	50	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
54. History	40	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	75	20	55	0.3	0.1	0.4
Social and behavioural sciences and law	930	205	725	3.3	1.5	5.1
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	95	20	75	0.3	0.1	0.5
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	285	20	265	1.0	0.1	1.9
22. Legal professions and studies	175	55	115	0.6	0.4	0.8
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
42. Psychology	175	20	155	0.6	0.1	1.1
45. Social sciences	175	75	100	0.6	0.5	0.7
Business, management and public administration	3,365	1,040	2,325	11.9	7.4	16.3
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	290	75	215	1.0	0.5	1.5
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,065	955	2,105	10.8	6.8	14.8
Physical and life sciences and technologies	410	220	190	1.4	1.6	1.3
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	115	50	65	0.4	0.4	0.5
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	40	25	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	125	45	75	0.4	0.3	0.5
40. Physical sciences	75	65	10	0.3	0.5	0.1
41. Science technologies/technicians	55	35	20	0.2	0.2	0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	300	230	70	1.1	1.6	0.5
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	245	220	25	0.9	1.6	0.2
25. Library science	30	0	30	0.1	0.0	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	4,365	4,110	245	15.4	29.1	1.7
04. Architecture and related services	85	50	40	0.3	0.4	0.3
14. Engineering	410	375	30	1.4	2.7	0.2
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	740	635	105	2.6	4.5	0.7
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	1,090	1,065	30	3.8	7.5	0.2
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,270	1,235	30	4.5	8.8	0.2
48. Precision production	770	755	15	2.7	5.4	0.1
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	830	555	275	2.9	3.9	1.9
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	510	305	195	1.8	2.2	1.4
03. Natural resources and conservation	320	245	70	1.1	1.7	0.5
Health and related fields	2,570	480	2,090	9.1	3.4	14.7
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	225	140	90	0.8	1.0	0.6
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	2,305	325	1,980	8.1	2.3	13.9
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	45	20	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,775	885	890	6.3	6.3	6.3
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	1,115	300	815	3.9	2.1	5.7
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	195	150	45	0.7	1.1	0.3
49. Transportation and materials moving	455	425	30	1.6	3.0	0.2
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	17,220	8,630	8,585	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	4,740	2,510	2,225	27.5	29.1	25.9
Education	975	205	765	5.7	2.4	8.9
13. Education	975	205	765	5.7	2.4	8.9
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	330	105	225	1.9	1.2	2.6
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	15	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
50. Visual and performing arts	310	100	210	1.8	1.2	2.4
Humanities	370	190	185	2.1	2.2	2.2
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	245	125	120	1.4	1.4	1.4
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	20	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
54. History	25	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Social and behavioural sciences and law	695	125	570	4.0	1.4	6.6
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	70	20	50	0.4	0.2	0.6
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	210	15	195	1.2	0.2	2.3
22. Legal professions and studies	125	25	100	0.7	0.3	1.2
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
42. Psychology	135	10	125	0.8	0.1	1.5
45. Social sciences	135	50	85	0.8	0.6	1.0
Business, management and public administration	2,615	775	1,840	15.2	9.0	21.4
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	220	50	170	1.3	0.6	2.0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,390	720	1,670	13.9	8.3	19.5
Physical and life sciences and technologies	215	130	85	1.2	1.5	1.0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	80	30	50	0.5	0.3	0.6
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	20	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
40. Physical sciences	55	50	10	0.3	0.6	0.1
41. Science technologies/technicians	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	250	210	40	1.5	2.4	0.5
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	220	205	15	1.3	2.4	0.2
25. Library science	25	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.3
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	3,295	3,080	215	19.1	35.7	2.5
04. Architecture and related services	70	25	40	0.4	0.3	0.5
14. Engineering	355	325	30	2.1	3.8	0.3
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	585	495	90	3.4	5.7	1.0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	775	755	20	4.5	8.7	0.2
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	915	890	30	5.3	10.3	0.3
48. Precision production	595	585	10	3.5	6.8	0.1
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	645	390	250	3.7	4.5	2.9
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	395	215	185	2.3	2.5	2.2
03. Natural resources and conservation	245	185	65	1.4	2.1	0.8
Health and related fields	1,810	320	1,495	10.5	3.7	17.4
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	175	95	75	1.0	1.1	0.9
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,600	210	1,390	9.3	2.4	16.2
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	40	15	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,290	595	695	7.5	6.9	8.1
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	795	170	630	4.6	2.0	7.3
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	165	120	40	1.0	1.4	0.5
49. Transportation and materials moving	320	300	25	1.9	3.5	0.3
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	17,220	8,630	8,585	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,740	2,510	2,225	27.5	29.1	25.9
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	12,480	6,125	6,360	72.5	71.0	74.1
Location of study inside Canada	12,085	5,885	6,200	70.2	68.2	72.2
Same as province or territory of residence	11,920	5,825	6,100	69.2	67.5	71.1
Different than province or territory of residence	165	65	105	1.0	0.8	1.2
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	395	240	155	2.3	2.8	1.8
Americas	90	75	10	0.5	0.9	0.1
United States of America	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Mexico	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	55	55	0	0.3	0.6	0.0
Europe	160	70	85	0.9	0.8	1.0
Belgium	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
France	125	60	65	0.7	0.7	0.8
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	105	65	35	0.6	0.8	0.4
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Morocco	40	25	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Tunisia	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	35	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Asia	40	25	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	28,340	14,105	14,230	...	...	...
In the labour force	17,675	9,245	8,430	...	...	...
Employed	16,525	8,700	7,825	...	...	...
Unemployed	1,150	545	605	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	10,665	4,860	5,805	...	...	...
Participation rate	62.4	65.5	59.2	62.4	65.5	59.2
Employment rate	58.3	61.7	55.0	58.3	61.7	55.0
Unemployment rate	6.5	5.9	7.2	6.5	5.9	7.2
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	28,340	14,110	14,235	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	9,920	4,490	5,430	35.0	31.8	38.1
Worked	18,415	9,610	8,805	65.0	68.1	61.9
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	9,695	5,370	4,330	34.2	38.1	30.4
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	8,720	4,240	4,475	30.8	30.0	31.4
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.8	42.6	41.0	41.8	42.6	41.0
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	17,670	9,240	8,430	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	280	130	150	1.6	1.4	1.8
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	17,390	9,110	8,275	98.4	98.6	98.2
Employee	15,575	8,120	7,450	88.1	87.9	88.4
Permanent position	13,080	6,845	6,240	74.0	74.1	74.0
Temporary position	2,495	1,280	1,215	14.1	13.9	14.4
Fixed term (1 year or more)	820	385	440	4.6	4.2	5.2
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	1,675	895	780	9.5	9.7	9.3
Self-employed¹⁹²	1,815	985	825	10.3	10.7	9.8
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	17,670	9,240	8,430	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	280	130	150	1.6	1.4	1.8
All occupations¹⁹¹	17,390	9,110	8,275	98.4	98.6	98.2
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	280	195	80	1.6	2.1	0.9
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,565	755	1,815	14.5	8.2	21.5
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,075	800	270	6.1	8.7	3.2
3 Health occupations	1,585	315	1,270	9.0	3.4	15.1
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	2,075	490	1,590	11.7	5.3	18.9
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	405	175	225	2.3	1.9	2.7
6 Sales and service occupations	4,390	1,875	2,515	24.8	20.3	29.8
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	3,125	2,965	165	17.7	32.1	2.0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	620	485	135	3.5	5.2	1.6
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,265	1,060	210	7.2	11.5	2.5
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	17,670	9,240	8,430	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	280	130	150	1.6	1.4	1.8
All industries¹⁹¹	17,390	9,110	8,275	98.4	98.6	98.2
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	780	525	255	4.4	5.7	3.0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	370	285	85	2.1	3.1	1.0
22 Utilities	115	85	30	0.7	0.9	0.4
23 Construction	1,120	995	120	6.3	10.8	1.4
31-33 Manufacturing	2,615	2,020	590	14.8	21.9	7.0
41 Wholesale trade	375	290	80	2.1	3.1	0.9
44-45 Retail trade	2,270	1,065	1,205	12.8	11.5	14.3
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	880	735	140	5.0	8.0	1.7
51 Information and cultural industries	165	130	35	0.9	1.4	0.4
52 Finance and insurance	345	135	210	2.0	1.5	2.5
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	145	90	50	0.8	1.0	0.6
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	735	325	410	4.2	3.5	4.9
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	470	270	200	2.7	2.9	2.4
61 Educational services	1,345	350	995	7.6	3.8	11.8
62 Health care and social assistance	2,960	530	2,430	16.8	5.7	28.8
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	155	75	80	0.9	0.8	0.9
72 Accommodation and food services	1,035	370	665	5.9	4.0	7.9
81 Other services (except public administration)	845	445	400	4.8	4.8	4.7
91 Public administration	675	380	295	3.8	4.1	3.5
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	19,285	10,015	9,265	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	85	65	25	0.4	0.6	0.3
French	17,440	8,850	8,590	90.4	88.4	92.7
Non-official language	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
English and French	1,620	1,015	600	8.4	10.1	6.5
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	80	70	10	0.4	0.7	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	35	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.3
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	19,285	10,015	9,265	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	19,135	9,940	9,200	99.2	99.3	99.3
Official languages	19,050	9,875	9,180	98.8	98.6	99.1
English	230	155	70	1.2	1.5	0.8
French	18,825	9,720	9,105	97.6	97.1	98.3
Non-official languages	85	65	20	0.4	0.6	0.2
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	85	65	20	0.4	0.6	0.2
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Haitian Creole	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	60	60	0	0.3	0.6	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	60	60	0	0.3	0.6	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	60	60	0	0.3	0.6	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Chinese languages	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	145	75	70	0.8	0.7	0.8
English and French	140	70	60	0.7	0.7	0.6
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	19,285	10,015	9,265	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	17,690	8,995	8,690	91.7	89.8	93.8
English	1,350	850	500	7.0	8.5	5.4
French	195	150	50	1.0	1.5	0.5
Non-official language	30	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	30	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	16,525	8,700	7,825	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	2,130	995	1,135	12.9	11.4	14.5
Worked outside Canada	30	25	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
No fixed workplace address	1,365	1,045	325	8.3	12.0	4.2
Usual place of work	12,995	6,635	6,360	78.6	76.3	81.3
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	12,990	6,635	6,360	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	7,015	3,470	3,550	54.0	52.3	55.8
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	4,275	2,210	2,070	32.9	33.3	32.5
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	1,675	940	735	12.9	14.2	11.6
Commute to a different province or territory	20	15	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	14,365	7,680	6,680	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	13,150	7,095	6,060	91.5	92.4	90.7
Car, truck or van - as a driver	12,615	6,860	5,755	87.8	89.3	86.2
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	540	230	310	3.8	3.0	4.6
Public transit	65	30	30	0.5	0.4	0.4
Walked	880	390	490	6.1	5.1	7.3
Bicycle	60	45	10	0.4	0.6	0.1
Other method	205	115	90	1.4	1.5	1.3
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	14,365	7,680	6,680	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	8,740	4,540	4,200	60.8	59.1	62.9
15 to 29 minutes	3,830	2,030	1,805	26.7	26.4	27.0
30 to 44 minutes	1,170	660	510	8.1	8.6	7.6
45 to 59 minutes	320	215	105	2.2	2.8	1.6
60 minutes and over	295	235	60	2.1	3.1	0.9
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	14,365	7,680	6,680	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	865	640	230	6.0	8.3	3.4
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	2,275	1,745	535	15.8	22.7	8.0
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	5,425	2,735	2,685	37.8	35.6	40.2
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	2,975	1,095	1,885	20.7	14.3	28.2
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	950	360	590	6.6	4.7	8.8
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,875	1,115	760	13.1	14.5	11.4
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	6,655	3,410	3,250	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	230	115	115	3.5	3.4	3.5
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	6,430	3,295	3,140	96.6	96.6	96.6
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	4,920	2,520	2,400	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	170	80	90	3.5	3.2	3.8
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	85	40	50	1.7	1.6	2.1
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	85	40	45	1.7	1.6	1.9
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	4,750	2,440	2,305	96.5	96.8	96.0

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 18, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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