Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	RimouskiMore information: Quebec [Population centre]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	38,708	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	38,478^r	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	0.6	...	...	0.6	...	...
Total private dwellings²	20,231	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	19,158	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,392.7	...	...	1,392.7	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	27.79	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	38,710	18,265	20,440	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	5,160	2,625	2,540	13.3	14.4	12.4
0 to 4 years	1,505	755	750	3.9	4.1	3.7
5 to 9 years	1,800	920	880	4.6	5.0	4.3
10 to 14 years	1,860	950	905	4.8	5.2	4.4
15 to 64 years	22,925	11,070	11,860	59.2	60.6	58.0
15 to 19 years	1,780	885	895	4.6	4.8	4.4
20 to 24 years	2,275	1,150	1,125	5.9	6.3	5.5
25 to 29 years	2,315	1,120	1,195	6.0	6.1	5.8
30 to 34 years	2,120	1,095	1,025	5.5	6.0	5.0
35 to 39 years	2,200	1,075	1,125	5.7	5.9	5.5
40 to 44 years	2,315	1,160	1,160	6.0	6.4	5.7
45 to 49 years	2,030	955	1,075	5.2	5.2	5.3
50 to 54 years	1,945	910	1,030	5.0	5.0	5.0
55 to 59 years	2,675	1,225	1,445	6.9	6.7	7.1
60 to 64 years	3,265	1,490	1,780	8.4	8.2	8.7
65 years and over	10,620	4,580	6,045	27.4	25.1	29.6
65 to 69 years	3,255	1,480	1,775	8.4	8.1	8.7
70 to 74 years	2,835	1,275	1,560	7.3	7.0	7.6
75 to 79 years	2,025	895	1,125	5.2	4.9	5.5
80 to 84 years	1,220	510	715	3.2	2.8	3.5
85 years and over	1,295	420	875	3.3	2.3	4.3
85 to 89 years	795	285	510	2.1	1.6	2.5
90 to 94 years	380	115	265	1.0	0.6	1.3
95 to 99 years	105	20	85	0.3	0.1	0.4
100 years and over	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	13.3	14.4	12.4	13.3	14.4	12.4
15 to 64 years	59.2	60.6	58.0	59.2	60.6	58.0
65 years and over	27.4	25.1	29.6	27.4	25.1	29.6
85 years and over	3.3	2.3	4.3	3.3	2.3	4.3
Average age of the population	46.3	44.6	47.7	46.3	44.6	47.7
Median age of the population	48.0	45.2	50.4	48.0	45.2	50.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	19,155	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	7,890	...	...	41.2	...	...
Semi-detached house	2,160	...	...	11.3	...	...
Row house	560	...	...	2.9	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	1,015	...	...	5.3	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	6,950	...	...	36.3	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	485	...	...	2.5	...	...
Other single-attached house	80	...	...	0.4	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	5	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	19,160	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	8,155	...	...	42.6	...	...
2 persons	6,905	...	...	36.0	...	...
3 persons	1,895	...	...	9.9	...	...
4 persons	1,570	...	...	8.2	...	...
5 or more persons	635	...	...	3.3	...	...
Number of persons in private households	37,325	17,815	19,505	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	33,545	15,640	17,900	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	17,880	8,910	8,965	53.3	57.0	50.1
Married	8,480	4,230	4,245	25.3	27.0	23.7
Living common-law	9,400	4,675	4,725	28.0	29.9	26.4
Living common law - Never married	7,750	3,790	3,955	23.1	24.2	22.1
Living common law - Separated	80	40	40	0.2	0.3	0.2
Living common law - Divorced	1,370	760	610	4.1	4.9	3.4
Living common law - Widowed	205	90	110	0.6	0.6	0.6
Not married and not living common-law	15,670	6,730	8,940	46.7	43.0	49.9
Not married and not living common law - Never married	10,720	5,235	5,480	32.0	33.5	30.6
Not married and not living common law - Separated	390	170	215	1.2	1.1	1.2
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	2,425	810	1,615	7.2	5.2	9.0
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	2,135	515	1,625	6.4	3.3	9.1
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	10,340	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	6,540	...	...	63.2	...	...
3 persons	1,740	...	...	16.8	...	...
4 persons	1,490	...	...	14.4	...	...
5 or more persons	570	...	...	5.5	...	...
Average size of census families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.7	...	...	1.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	10,340	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	8,775	...	...	84.9	...	...
Married couples	4,090	...	...	39.6	...	...
With children⁶	1,140	...	...	11.0	...	...
Without children	2,955	...	...	28.6	...	...
Common-law couples	4,685	...	...	45.3	...	...
With children⁶	2,065	...	...	20.0	...	...
Without children	2,620	...	...	25.3	...	...
Total one-parent families	1,560	...	...	15.1	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	1,165	...	...	11.3	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	400	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	37,325	17,815	19,505	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	27,265	13,415	13,850	73.0	75.3	71.0
Married spouses or common-law partners	17,550	8,755	8,800	47.0	49.1	45.1
Parents in one-parent families	1,565	400	1,160	4.2	2.2	5.9
Children⁶	8,150	4,260	3,885	21.8	23.9	19.9
In a two-parent family	5,845	3,055	2,795	15.7	17.1	14.3
In a one-parent family	2,300	1,210	1,095	6.2	6.8	5.6
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	10,060	4,405	5,660	27.0	24.7	29.0
Living alone	8,155	3,380	4,775	21.8	19.0	24.5
Living with other relatives⁷	530	235	295	1.4	1.3	1.5
Living with non-relatives only	1,380	790	585	3.7	4.4	3.0
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	19,160	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	10,055	...	...	52.5	...	...
Couple-family households	8,585	...	...	44.8	...	...
With children⁶	3,140	...	...	16.4	...	...
Without children	5,445	...	...	28.4	...	...
One-parent-family households	1,470	...	...	7.7	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	65	...	...	0.3	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	10	...	...	0.1	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	175	...	...	0.9	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	690	...	...	3.6	...	...
One-person households	8,155	...	...	42.6	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	32,170	15,200	16,970	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	31,690	14,975	16,710	98.5	98.5	98.5
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,000	43,600	36,800	40,000	43,600	36,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	31,695	14,980	16,715	98.5	98.6	98.5
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,200	38,000	33,200	35,200	38,000	33,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	28,465	13,655	14,810	88.5	89.8	87.3
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	32,000	36,400	28,400	32,000	36,400	28,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	21,220	10,665	10,555	66.0	70.2	62.2
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,000	36,400	32,000	34,000	36,400	32,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	26,895	12,095	14,800	83.6	79.6	87.2
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,000	11,700	12,300	12,000	11,700	12,300
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	3,790	2,030	1,760	11.8	13.4	10.4
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,480	5,680	5,160	5,480	5,680	5,160
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	7,545	3,745	3,800	23.5	24.6	22.4
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	6,000	7,000	6,000	6,000	7,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	32,175	15,225	16,950	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	31,675	14,990	16,685	98.4	98.5	98.4
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	47,360	51,450	43,680	47,360	51,450	43,680
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	31,680	14,990	16,690	98.5	98.5	98.5
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,680	42,480	37,200	39,680	42,480	37,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	28,465	13,670	14,795	88.5	89.8	87.3
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,040	45,720	36,680	41,040	45,720	36,680
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	21,220	10,600	10,620	66.0	69.6	62.7
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,080	44,880	39,280	42,080	44,880	39,280
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	26,800	12,105	14,690	83.3	79.5	86.7
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,400	12,070	12,680	12,400	12,070	12,680
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	3,720	1,955	1,770	11.6	12.8	10.4
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,250	6,600	7,980	7,250	6,600	7,980
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	7,320	3,640	3,685	22.8	23.9	21.7
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,390	7,310	7,470	7,390	7,310	7,470
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	32,175	15,225	16,950	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	9,620	4,925	4,695	29.9	32.3	27.7
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	58,400	61,600	55,200	58,400	61,600	55,200
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	64,500	68,600	60,150	64,500	68,600	60,150
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	9,270	4,340	4,925	28.8	28.5	29.1
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	18,400	19,600	17,800	18,400	19,600	17,800
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	26,560	28,240	25,060	26,560	28,240	25,060
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	77.8	81.0	74.4	77.8	81.0	74.4
Employment income (%)¹⁹	59.5	61.7	57.2	59.5	61.7	57.2
Government transfers (%)²⁰	22.2	19.0	25.6	22.2	19.0	25.6
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.8	1.7	1.9	1.8	1.7	1.9
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	4.4	4.1	4.8	4.4	4.1	4.8
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	3.6	3.5	3.8	3.6	3.5	3.8
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	32,165	15,200	16,965	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	480	225	255	1.5	1.5	1.5
With total income	31,685	14,975	16,715	98.5	98.5	98.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,795	780	1,020	5.7	5.2	6.1
$10,000 to $19,999	4,050	1,655	2,395	12.8	11.1	14.3
$20,000 to $29,999	5,480	2,340	3,140	17.3	15.6	18.8
$30,000 to $39,999	4,560	2,010	2,555	14.4	13.4	15.3
$40,000 to $49,999	4,320	2,000	2,320	13.6	13.4	13.9
$50,000 to $59,999	3,370	1,670	1,695	10.6	11.2	10.1
$60,000 to $69,999	2,280	1,230	1,045	7.2	8.2	6.3
$70,000 to $79,999	1,605	870	735	5.1	5.8	4.4
$80,000 to $89,999	1,255	665	590	4.0	4.4	3.5
$90,000 to $99,999	930	455	475	2.9	3.0	2.8
$100,000 and over	2,040	1,295	745	6.4	8.6	4.5
$100,000 to $149,999	1,510	940	570	4.8	6.3	3.4
$150,000 and over	530	355	175	1.7	2.4	1.0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	32,165	15,200	16,965	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	470	215	255	1.5	1.4	1.5
With after-tax income	31,695	14,980	16,710	98.5	98.6	98.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,970	815	1,150	6.2	5.4	6.9
$10,000 to $19,999	4,230	1,765	2,460	13.3	11.8	14.7
$20,000 to $29,999	6,510	2,815	3,690	20.5	18.8	22.1
$30,000 to $39,999	5,805	2,640	3,165	18.3	17.6	18.9
$40,000 to $49,999	4,840	2,340	2,500	15.3	15.6	15.0
$50,000 to $59,999	3,115	1,710	1,400	9.8	11.4	8.4
$60,000 to $69,999	1,985	1,055	925	6.3	7.0	5.5
$70,000 to $79,999	1,380	685	700	4.4	4.6	4.2
$80,000 to $89,999	685	390	295	2.2	2.6	1.8
$90,000 to $99,999	405	260	150	1.3	1.7	0.9
$100,000 and over	775	505	275	2.4	3.4	1.6
$100,000 to $124,999	430	285	145	1.4	1.9	0.9
$125,000 and over	340	220	125	1.1	1.5	0.7
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	32,165	15,200	16,965	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	10,945	4,535	6,410	34.0	29.8	37.8
With employment income	21,225	10,665	10,560	66.0	70.2	62.2
Under $5,000 (including loss)	2,850	1,500	1,350	13.4	14.1	12.8
$5,000 to $9,999	1,735	785	940	8.2	7.4	8.9
$10,000 to $19,999	2,740	1,290	1,445	12.9	12.1	13.7
$20,000 to $29,999	2,330	1,060	1,270	11.0	9.9	12.0
$30,000 to $39,999	2,250	1,055	1,190	10.6	9.9	11.3
$40,000 to $49,999	2,125	1,020	1,100	10.0	9.6	10.4
$50,000 to $59,999	1,715	865	845	8.1	8.1	8.0
$60,000 to $69,999	1,370	750	620	6.5	7.0	5.9
$70,000 to $79,999	1,055	575	480	5.0	5.4	4.5
$80,000 to $89,999	995	465	530	4.7	4.4	5.0
$90,000 to $99,999	615	340	275	2.9	3.2	2.6
$100,000 and over	1,450	950	505	6.8	8.9	4.8
$100,000 to $124,999	775	490	290	3.7	4.6	2.7
$125,000 and over	680	465	215	3.2	4.4	2.0
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	32,170	15,200	16,970	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	31,300	14,770	16,530	97.3	97.2	97.4
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	37,200	41,600	34,000	37,200	41,600	34,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	31,320	14,770	16,545	97.4	97.2	97.5
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	33,200	36,400	30,600	33,200	36,400	30,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	28,115	13,485	14,630	87.4	88.7	86.2
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	32,400	37,200	28,600	32,400	37,200	28,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	21,515	10,720	10,790	66.9	70.5	63.6
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	33,600	36,800	31,200	33,600	36,800	31,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	25,070	11,115	13,960	77.9	73.1	82.3
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,100	8,500	9,600	9,100	8,500	9,600
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	3,735	1,980	1,755	11.6	13.0	10.3
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,800	5,120	4,440	4,800	5,120	4,440
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	32,175	15,225	16,950	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	31,295	14,825	16,470	97.3	97.4	97.2
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	45,240	50,080	40,840	45,240	50,080	40,840
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	31,320	14,825	16,495	97.3	97.4	97.3
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	37,680	41,080	34,640	37,680	41,080	34,640
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	28,075	13,525	14,550	87.3	88.8	85.8
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,520	46,960	36,520	41,520	46,960	36,520
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	21,530	10,705	10,830	66.9	70.3	63.9
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,760	45,440	38,160	41,760	45,440	38,160
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	24,825	10,985	13,845	77.2	72.2	81.7
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,040	9,770	10,250	10,040	9,770	10,250
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	3,640	1,920	1,725	11.3	12.6	10.2
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,620	6,155	7,140	6,620	6,155	7,140
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	32,175	15,225	16,950	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	9,575	4,900	4,675	29.8	32.2	27.6
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	54,800	58,800	50,800	54,800	58,800	50,800
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	61,000	65,900	55,850	61,000	65,900	55,850
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	8,790	4,095	4,695	27.3	26.9	27.7
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	21,200	23,200	19,600	21,200	23,200	19,600
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	29,760	32,560	27,280	29,760	32,560	27,280
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	82.4	85.6	79.0	82.4	85.6	79.0
Employment income (%)	63.5	65.6	61.4	63.5	65.6	61.4
Government transfers (%)	17.6	14.4	21.1	17.6	14.4	21.1
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.7	1.6	1.8	1.7	1.6	1.8
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	19,155	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	62,000	...	...	62,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	54,400	...	...	54,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	8,155	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	35,600	...	...	35,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	32,000	...	...	32,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	11,005	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	91,000	...	...	91,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	78,500	...	...	78,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	19,180	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	78,200	...	...	78,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	65,600	...	...	65,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	8,190	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	42,520	...	...	42,520	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	36,400	...	...	36,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	10,985	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	104,800	...	...	104,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	87,300	...	...	87,300	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	19,155	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	125	...	...	0.7	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	130	...	...	0.7	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	370	...	...	1.9	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	615	...	...	3.2	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,460	...	...	7.6	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	885	...	...	4.6	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	900	...	...	4.7	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,080	...	...	5.6	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,020	...	...	5.3	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	995	...	...	5.2	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,690	...	...	8.8	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,400	...	...	7.3	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,285	...	...	6.7	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,180	...	...	6.2	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	940	...	...	4.9	...	...
$100,000 and over	5,085	...	...	26.5	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,835	...	...	9.6	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,210	...	...	6.3	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,225	...	...	6.4	...	...
$200,000 and over	815	...	...	4.3	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	19,155	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	140	...	...	0.7	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	140	...	...	0.7	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	370	...	...	1.9	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	650	...	...	3.4	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,565	...	...	8.2	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,105	...	...	5.8	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,190	...	...	6.2	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,290	...	...	6.7	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,240	...	...	6.5	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	995	...	...	5.2	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,840	...	...	9.6	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,630	...	...	8.5	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,425	...	...	7.4	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,170	...	...	6.1	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	895	...	...	4.7	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,520	...	...	18.4	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,670	...	...	8.7	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	885	...	...	4.6	...	...
$150,000 and over	965	...	...	5.0	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	10,470	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	93,000	...	...	93,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	79,500	...	...	79,500	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	5,485	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	82,000	...	...	82,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	71,000	...	...	71,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	3,210	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	136,000	...	...	136,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	114,000	...	...	114,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,545	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	69,000	...	...	69,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	62,000	...	...	62,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.5	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	9,530	4,170	5,360	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	34,000	34,400	33,600	34,000	34,400	33,600
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	31,000	31,200	30,800	31,000	31,200	30,800
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	10,465	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	106,100	...	...	106,100	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	88,200	...	...	88,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	5,505	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	90,200	...	...	90,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	75,900	...	...	75,900	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	3,175	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	148,600	...	...	148,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	120,200	...	...	120,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,555	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	79,100	...	...	79,100	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	68,500	...	...	68,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	9,505	4,130	5,375	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	40,960	42,840	39,560	40,960	42,840	39,560
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	35,160	36,120	34,440	35,160	36,120	34,440
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	37,325	17,820	19,505	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	6,140	3,105	3,030	16.5	17.4	15.5
0 to 5 years	1,845	925	925	4.9	5.2	4.7
18 to 64 years	21,820	10,485	11,335	58.5	58.8	58.1
65 years and over	9,370	4,225	5,145	25.1	23.7	26.4
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	5,160	2,310	2,850	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	515	290	225	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	160	85	80	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	2,730	1,340	1,390	...	...	...
65 years and over	1,915	680	1,235	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	13.8	13.0	14.6	13.8	13.0	14.6
0 to 17 years (%)	8.4	9.2	7.6	8.4	9.2	7.6
0 to 5 years (%)	8.8	8.8	8.6	8.8	8.8	8.6
18 to 64 years (%)	12.5	12.8	12.2	12.5	12.8	12.2
65 years and over (%)	20.4	16.1	24.0	20.4	16.1	24.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	37,325	17,815	19,505	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	6,135	3,105	3,030	16.4	17.4	15.5
0 to 5 years	1,845	920	920	4.9	5.2	4.7
18 to 64 years	21,815	10,485	11,330	58.4	58.9	58.1
65 years and over	9,370	4,230	5,140	25.1	23.7	26.4
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	1,855	940	915	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	140	65	80	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	45	20	25	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	1,570	820	750	...	...	...
65 years and over	140	55	85	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	5.0	5.3	4.7	5.0	5.3	4.7
0 to 17 years (%)	2.3	2.2	2.5	2.3	2.2	2.5
0 to 5 years (%)	2.4	2.2	2.4	2.4	2.2	2.4
18 to 64 years (%)	7.2	7.8	6.6	7.2	7.8	6.6
65 years and over (%)	1.5	1.2	1.7	1.5	1.2	1.7
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	37,325	17,820	19,505	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	22,065	10,230	11,835	59.1	57.4	60.7
In bottom decile	4,445	2,035	2,410	11.9	11.4	12.4
In second decile	4,310	1,955	2,355	11.5	11.0	12.1
In third decile	4,350	2,015	2,335	11.7	11.3	12.0
In fourth decile	4,590	2,140	2,450	12.3	12.0	12.6
In fifth decile	4,375	2,095	2,280	11.7	11.8	11.7
In top half of the distribution	15,255	7,585	7,670	40.9	42.6	39.3
In sixth decile	4,200	2,045	2,150	11.3	11.5	11.0
In seventh decile	3,620	1,780	1,840	9.7	10.0	9.4
In eighth decile	3,185	1,600	1,585	8.5	9.0	8.1
In ninth decile	2,525	1,270	1,250	6.8	7.1	6.4
In top decile	1,730	885	845	4.6	5.0	4.3
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	37,325	...	...	37,325	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.309	...	...	0.309	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.438	...	...	0.438	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.265	...	...	0.265	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.4	...	...	3.4	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	38,400	18,115	20,285	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	50	35	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
French only	27,190	11,860	15,335	70.8	65.5	75.6
English and French	11,120	6,205	4,920	29.0	34.3	24.3
Neither English nor French	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	38,400	18,115	20,285	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	360	170	190	0.9	0.9	0.9
French	37,900	17,865	20,030	98.7	98.6	98.7
English and French	110	65	50	0.3	0.4	0.2
Neither English nor French	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	38,400	18,115	20,285	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	38,095	17,930	20,165	99.2	99.0	99.4
Official languages	37,495	17,610	19,885	97.6	97.2	98.0
English	315	150	170	0.8	0.8	0.8
French	37,180	17,460	19,720	96.8	96.4	97.2
Non-official languages	600	320	280	1.6	1.8	1.4
Indigenous languages³⁹	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	595	320	275	1.5	1.8	1.4
Afro-Asiatic languages	130	85	45	0.3	0.5	0.2
Berber languages	10	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Kabyle	10	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	120	75	40	0.3	0.4	0.2
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	120	75	40	0.3	0.4	0.2
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Haitian Creole	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	220	115	110	0.6	0.6	0.5
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	20	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	20	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	175	90	80	0.5	0.5	0.4
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	125	65	60	0.3	0.4	0.3
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	125	70	50	0.3	0.4	0.2
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	60	30	30	0.2	0.2	0.1
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	20	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	35	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages	35	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	20	5	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	305	185	125	0.8	1.0	0.6
English and French	180	110	70	0.5	0.6	0.3
English and non-official language(s)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	100	60	40	0.3	0.3	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	38,400	18,115	20,285	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	125	65	60	0.3	0.4	0.3
French	36,735	17,205	19,530	95.7	95.0	96.3
Non-official language	130	70	60	0.3	0.4	0.3
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	130	70	60	0.3	0.4	0.3
English and French	880	505	375	2.3	2.8	1.8
English and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	400	205	200	1.0	1.1	1.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	120	60	65	0.3	0.3	0.3
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	38,400	18,115	20,285	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	38,140	17,970	20,165	99.3	99.2	99.4
Official languages	37,850	17,825	20,030	98.6	98.4	98.7
English	205	105	100	0.5	0.6	0.5
French	37,645	17,720	19,930	98.0	97.8	98.2
Non-official languages	285	145	135	0.7	0.8	0.7
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	280	150	135	0.7	0.8	0.7
Afro-Asiatic languages	50	30	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	40	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	40	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Haitian Creole	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	10	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	115	55	55	0.3	0.3	0.3
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	95	50	45	0.2	0.3	0.2
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Romanian	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	70	35	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	55	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	40	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Chinese languages	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	15	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	265	140	120	0.7	0.8	0.6
English and French	145	70	75	0.4	0.4	0.4
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	105	65	45	0.3	0.4	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	38,400	18,115	20,285	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	37,215	17,460	19,760	96.9	96.4	97.4
English	690	410	275	1.8	2.3	1.4
French	185	95	85	0.5	0.5	0.4
Non-official language	185	80	100	0.5	0.4	0.5
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	185	80	105	0.5	0.4	0.5
English and French	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	65	30	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	30	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	15	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	37,320	17,850	19,470	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	37,290	17,835	19,450	99.9	99.9	99.9
English	11,080	6,235	4,845	29.7	34.9	24.9
French	37,235	17,800	19,435	99.8	99.7	99.8
Non-official languages	1,870	875	995	5.0	4.9	5.1
Indigenous languages³⁹	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,865	870	995	5.0	4.9	5.1
Afro-Asiatic languages	240	140	100	0.6	0.8	0.5
Berber languages	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	35	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	30	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	205	125	85	0.5	0.7	0.4
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	205	125	85	0.5	0.7	0.4
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Merina	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	75	35	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
Haitian Creole	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	35	25	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Creole, n.o.s.	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Creole languages, n.i.e.	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,215	535	680	3.3	3.0	3.5
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	70	40	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	70	40	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Russian	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	30	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	105	40	70	0.3	0.2	0.4
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	80	25	55	0.2	0.1	0.3
German	80	25	55	0.2	0.1	0.3
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	15	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,065	465	600	2.9	2.6	3.1
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	90	40	50	0.2	0.2	0.3
Portuguese	60	25	35	0.2	0.1	0.2
Romanian	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Spanish	945	405	535	2.5	2.3	2.7
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	260	140	120	0.7	0.8	0.6
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	35	30	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	145	70	65	0.4	0.4	0.3
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	50	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	75	55	25	0.2	0.3	0.1
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Sign languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	75	30	55	0.2	0.2	0.3
Chinese languages	75	20	55	0.2	0.1	0.3
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	55	15	40	0.1	0.1	0.2
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	37,320	17,850	19,470	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	585	280	305	1.6	1.6	1.6
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	535	240	290	1.4	1.3	1.5
First Nations (North American Indian)	275	110	165	0.7	0.6	0.8
Métis	250	130	125	0.7	0.7	0.6
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	40	30	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Non-Indigenous identity	36,735	17,565	19,165	98.4	98.4	98.4
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	37,320	17,850	19,470	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	185	100	80	0.5	0.6	0.4
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	37,135	17,745	19,390	99.5	99.4	99.6
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	19,180	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	10,660	...	...	55.6	...	...
Renter	8,520	...	...	44.4	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	19,180	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	2,180	...	...	11.4	...	...
Not condominium	16,995	...	...	88.6	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	19,180	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	260	...	...	1.4	...	...
1 bedroom	3,145	...	...	16.4	...	...
2 bedrooms	5,690	...	...	29.7	...	...
3 bedrooms	5,895	...	...	30.7	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	4,190	...	...	21.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	19,180	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	7,250	...	...	37.8	...	...
5 rooms	2,540	...	...	13.2	...	...
6 rooms	1,920	...	...	10.0	...	...
7 rooms	2,015	...	...	10.5	...	...
8 or more rooms	5,460	...	...	28.5	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.9	...	...	5.9	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	19,180	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	19,140	...	...	99.8	...	...
More than one person per room	35	...	...	0.2	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	19,180	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	19,025	...	...	99.2	...	...
Not suitable	155	...	...	0.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	19,180	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	3,815	...	...	19.9	...	...
1961 to 1980	6,550	...	...	34.2	...	...
1981 to 1990	2,740	...	...	14.3	...	...
1991 to 2000	2,100	...	...	10.9	...	...
2001 to 2005	625	...	...	3.3	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,010	...	...	5.3	...	...
2011 to 2015	1,515	...	...	7.9	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	820	...	...	4.3	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	19,180	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	18,330	...	...	95.6	...	...
Major repairs needed	850	...	...	4.4	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	19,180	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	11,625	...	...	60.6	...	...
Two-maintainer household	7,300	...	...	38.1	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	255	...	...	1.3	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	19,180	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	990	...	...	5.2	...	...
25 to 34 years	2,540	...	...	13.2	...	...
35 to 44 years	2,865	...	...	14.9	...	...
45 to 54 years	2,560	...	...	13.3	...	...
55 to 64 years	3,735	...	...	19.5	...	...
65 to 74 years	3,975	...	...	20.7	...	...
75 to 84 years	2,045	...	...	10.7	...	...
85 years and over	475	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	19,140	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	16,455	...	...	86.0	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	2,680	...	...	14.0	...	...
30% to less than 100%	2,530	...	...	13.2	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	19,180	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	3,530	...	...	18.4	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	2,540	...	...	13.2	...	...
Not suitable only	130	...	...	0.7	...	...
Major repairs needed only	715	...	...	3.7	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	15	...	...	0.1	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	125	...	...	0.7	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	15,645	...	...	81.6	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	18,985	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	735	...	...	3.9	...	...
Not in core need	18,250	...	...	96.1	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	10,655	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	58.2	...	...	58.2	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	6.9	...	...	6.9	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.8	...	...	0.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	910	...	...	910	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	962	...	...	962	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	224,000	...	...	224,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	245,000	...	...	245,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	8,515	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	13.7	...	...	13.7	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	23.0	...	...	23.0	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	7.7	...	...	7.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	685	...	...	685	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	711	...	...	711	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	37,315	17,845	19,465	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	685	330	355	1.8	1.8	1.8
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	665	315	350	1.8	1.8	1.8
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	475	210	265	1.3	1.2	1.4
Métis single ancestry	165	105	65	0.4	0.6	0.3
Inuit single ancestry	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	855	405	455	2.3	2.3	2.3
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	850	395	455	2.3	2.2	2.3
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	760	335	420	2.0	1.9	2.2
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	85	60	20	0.2	0.3	0.1
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	35,775	17,115	18,660	95.9	95.9	95.9
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	37,315	17,850	19,470	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	36,380	17,375	19,000	97.5	97.3	97.6
Canadian citizens aged under 18	6,045	3,090	2,955	16.2	17.3	15.2
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	30,340	14,290	16,050	81.3	80.1	82.4
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	935	470	465	2.5	2.6	2.4
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	37,315	17,850	19,470	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	35,825	17,065	18,765	96.0	95.6	96.4
Immigrants⁸¹	1,010	565	445	2.7	3.2	2.3
Before 1980	80	60	25	0.2	0.3	0.1
1980 to 1990	60	35	25	0.2	0.2	0.1
1991 to 2000	135	65	75	0.4	0.4	0.4
2001 to 2010	260	125	135	0.7	0.7	0.7
2011 to 2021⁸²	470	285	190	1.3	1.6	1.0
2011 to 2015	115	70	40	0.3	0.4	0.2
2016 to 2021	360	210	145	1.0	1.2	0.7
Non-permanent residents⁸³	475	215	260	1.3	1.2	1.3
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	1,010	565	445	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	155	100	55	15.3	17.7	12.4
5 to 14 years	205	125	80	20.3	22.1	18.0
15 to 24 years	140	60	80	13.9	10.6	18.0
25 to 44 years	445	240	200	44.1	42.5	44.9
45 years and over	65	40	30	6.4	7.1	6.7
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	1,010	565	445	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	175	85	90	17.3	15.0	20.2
Brazil	10	0	0	1.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	40	20	20	4.0	3.5	4.5
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	30	0	25	3.0	0.0	5.6
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	25	15	0	2.5	2.7	0.0
Peru	10	0	10	1.0	0.0	2.2
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	10	0	10	1.0	0.0	2.2
Other places of birth in Americas	75	40	30	7.4	7.1	6.7
Europe	380	225	155	37.6	39.8	34.8
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	255	160	100	25.2	28.3	22.5
Germany	10	0	10	1.0	0.0	2.2
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	15	0	10	1.5	0.0	2.2
Portugal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	65	40	25	6.4	7.1	5.6
Africa	385	230	160	38.1	40.7	36.0
Algeria	20	10	15	2.0	1.8	3.4
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	85	40	45	8.4	7.1	10.1
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	45	30	15	4.5	5.3	3.4
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	225	145	85	22.3	25.7	19.1
Asia	60	30	35	5.9	5.3	7.9
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	10	10	0	1.0	1.8	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	35	0	30	3.5	0.0	6.7
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	10	10	0	1.0	1.8	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	360	210	145	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	65	45	25	18.1	21.4	17.2
Brazil	10	0	0	2.8	0.0	0.0
Colombia	25	10	10	6.9	4.8	6.9
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	20	15	0	5.6	7.1	0.0
Europe	45	30	20	12.5	14.3	13.8
France	45	30	10	12.5	14.3	6.9
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	230	140	90	63.9	66.7	62.1
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	35	15	15	9.7	7.1	10.3
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	80	35	40	22.2	16.7	27.6
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	15	0	0	4.2	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	85	70	20	23.6	33.3	13.8
Asia	10	0	0	2.8	0.0	0.0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	37,320	17,850	19,470	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	1,630	855	775	4.4	4.8	4.0
Second generation¹⁰¹	815	360	450	2.2	2.0	2.3
Third generation or more¹⁰²	34,870	16,625	18,245	93.4	93.1	93.7
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	930	510	420	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	455	270	185	48.9	52.9	44.0
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	245	155	90	26.3	30.4	21.4
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	215	115	95	23.1	22.5	22.6
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	230	90	135	24.7	17.6	32.1
Refugees¹⁰⁸	235	140	100	25.3	27.5	23.8
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	10	0	0	1.1	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	930	510	420	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	15	0	10	1.6	0.0	2.4
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	75	40	35	8.1	7.8	8.3
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	40	25	20	4.3	4.9	4.8
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	130	75	60	14.0	14.7	14.3
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	660	360	300	71.0	70.6	71.4
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	37,320	17,850	19,470	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	1,120	550	570	3.0	3.1	2.9
South Asian	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese	110	15	90	0.3	0.1	0.5
Black	590	295	295	1.6	1.7	1.5
Filipino	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arab	185	125	65	0.5	0.7	0.3
Latin American	145	70	80	0.4	0.4	0.4
Southeast Asian	35	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Multiple visible minorities	15	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	36,200	17,300	18,900	97.0	96.9	97.1
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	37,320	17,850	19,470	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	14,400	6,680	7,720	38.6	37.4	39.7
English	490	265	225	1.3	1.5	1.2
Irish	1,230	595	635	3.3	3.3	3.3
Scottish	600	310	285	1.6	1.7	1.5
French, n.o.s.¹²²	10,355	5,065	5,285	27.7	28.4	27.1
German	395	175	220	1.1	1.0	1.1
Chinese	115	20	100	0.3	0.1	0.5
Italian	255	150	105	0.7	0.8	0.5
Indian (India)	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ukrainian	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dutch	60	25	30	0.2	0.1	0.2
Polish	45	20	30	0.1	0.1	0.2
Québécois	5,505	2,615	2,890	14.8	14.6	14.8
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	45	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Filipino	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French Canadian	3,660	1,685	1,975	9.8	9.4	10.1
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	910	430	475	2.4	2.4	2.4
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	505	255	250	1.4	1.4	1.3
Métis	280	185	95	0.8	1.0	0.5
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	405	190	215	1.1	1.1	1.1
Russian	30	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Norwegian	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Welsh	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Portuguese	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
American	105	50	55	0.3	0.3	0.3
Spanish	115	70	40	0.3	0.4	0.2
Swedish	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Acadian	885	430	455	2.4	2.4	2.3
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	105	45	60	0.3	0.3	0.3
Jewish	30	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	30	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Greek	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Jamaican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	45	10	30	0.1	0.1	0.2
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Lebanese	50	30	25	0.1	0.2	0.1
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	325	155	175	0.9	0.9	0.9
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	135	55	80	0.4	0.3	0.4
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belgian	110	50	55	0.3	0.3	0.3
Haitian	55	10	45	0.1	0.1	0.2
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	15	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Mennonite	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	85	45	45	0.2	0.3	0.2
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	215	90	125	0.6	0.5	0.6
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombian	30	20	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Moroccan	60	30	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syrian	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	20	20	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Serbian	35	10	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ojibway	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	15	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Brazilian	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	25	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
Algonquin	50	30	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Congolese	95	50	45	0.3	0.3	0.2
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	35	25	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	45	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
New Brunswicker	40	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	35	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	100	40	60	0.3	0.2	0.3
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	40	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	40	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Moldovan	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	65	25	40	0.2	0.1	0.2
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	30	25	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Huron (Wendat)	25	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	160	85	75	0.4	0.5	0.4
Norman	95	45	55	0.3	0.3	0.3
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	50	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Saulteaux	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	25	20	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	15	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	115	45	70	0.3	0.3	0.4
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	37,320	17,850	19,470	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	50	20	35	0.1	0.1	0.2
Christian	27,465	12,835	14,630	73.6	71.9	75.1
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	2,010	970	1,040	5.4	5.4	5.3
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baptist	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Catholic	25,000	11,630	13,370	67.0	65.2	68.7
Christian Orthodox	35	25	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Jehovah's Witness	75	30	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lutheran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	115	55	55	0.3	0.3	0.3
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	170	80	85	0.5	0.4	0.4
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Muslim	290	160	130	0.8	0.9	0.7
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Other religions and spiritual traditions	75	30	50	0.2	0.2	0.3
No religion and secular perspectives	9,410	4,800	4,610	25.2	26.9	23.7
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	37,050	17,710	19,345	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	32,175	15,435	16,740	86.8	87.2	86.5
Movers	4,880	2,270	2,605	13.2	12.8	13.5
Non-migrants	3,425	1,600	1,820	9.2	9.0	9.4
Migrants	1,455	665	785	3.9	3.8	4.1
Internal migrants	1,375	630	740	3.7	3.6	3.8
Intraprovincial migrants	1,330	610	720	3.6	3.4	3.7
Interprovincial migrants	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
External migrants	80	35	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	35,795	17,025	18,770	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	21,415	10,285	11,135	59.8	60.4	59.3
Movers	14,375	6,740	7,640	40.2	39.6	40.7
Non-migrants	7,575	3,480	4,100	21.2	20.4	21.8
Migrants	6,800	3,260	3,540	19.0	19.1	18.9
Internal migrants	6,115	2,915	3,200	17.1	17.1	17.0
Intraprovincial migrants	5,945	2,845	3,100	16.6	16.7	16.5
Interprovincial migrants	170	70	95	0.5	0.4	0.5
External migrants	690	350	340	1.9	2.1	1.8
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	32,170	15,225	16,950	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	5,115	2,785	2,330	15.9	18.3	13.7
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	27,060	12,440	14,615	84.1	81.7	86.2
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	18,765	8,860	9,905	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	2,005	1,205	800	10.7	13.6	8.1
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	16,760	7,650	9,105	89.3	86.3	91.9
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	32,175	15,225	16,950	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	4,530	2,370	2,165	14.1	15.6	12.8
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	6,855	3,105	3,750	21.3	20.4	22.1
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	20,790	9,750	11,040	64.6	64.0	65.1
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	12,915	6,295	6,625	40.1	41.3	39.1
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	4,750	2,795	1,960	14.8	18.4	11.6
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	3,670	1,985	1,685	11.4	13.0	9.9
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	1,085	815	275	3.4	5.4	1.6
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	6,840	3,045	3,795	21.3	20.0	22.4
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,325	455	870	4.1	3.0	5.1
Bachelor's degree or higher	7,870	3,455	4,410	24.5	22.7	26.0
Bachelor's degree	5,155	2,120	3,040	16.0	13.9	17.9
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	530	250	280	1.6	1.6	1.7
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	280	140	145	0.9	0.9	0.9
Master's degree	1,480	665	815	4.6	4.4	4.8
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	420	285	135	1.3	1.9	0.8
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	18,760	8,860	9,905	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,665	995	670	8.9	11.2	6.8
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	2,740	1,375	1,370	14.6	15.5	13.8
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	14,360	6,490	7,865	76.5	73.3	79.4
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	8,465	4,110	4,360	45.1	46.4	44.0
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	3,240	1,850	1,385	17.3	20.9	14.0
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	2,520	1,290	1,225	13.4	14.6	12.4
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	715	560	155	3.8	6.3	1.6
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	4,495	2,000	2,490	24.0	22.6	25.1
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	730	255	480	3.9	2.9	4.8
Bachelor's degree or higher	5,895	2,385	3,510	31.4	26.9	35.4
Bachelor's degree	3,735	1,415	2,315	19.9	16.0	23.4
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	435	190	240	2.3	2.1	2.4
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	240	90	145	1.3	1.0	1.5
Master's degree	1,180	495	680	6.3	5.6	6.9
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	310	190	120	1.7	2.1	1.2
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	32,175	15,225	16,950	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	11,385	5,475	5,910	35.4	36.0	34.9
Education	2,080	505	1,580	6.5	3.3	9.3
13. Education	2,080	505	1,580	6.5	3.3	9.3
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	505	230	270	1.6	1.5	1.6
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	55	45	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
50. Visual and performing arts	450	190	260	1.4	1.2	1.5
Humanities	1,120	535	585	3.5	3.5	3.5
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	55	25	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	605	270	340	1.9	1.8	2.0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	70	45	25	0.2	0.3	0.1
39. Theology and religious vocations	50	30	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
54. History	130	80	50	0.4	0.5	0.3
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	195	75	125	0.6	0.5	0.7
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,465	570	895	4.6	3.7	5.3
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	210	75	135	0.7	0.5	0.8
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	245	15	225	0.8	0.1	1.3
22. Legal professions and studies	205	95	105	0.6	0.6	0.6
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	35	0	30	0.1	0.0	0.2
42. Psychology	300	90	210	0.9	0.6	1.2
45. Social sciences	465	285	180	1.4	1.9	1.1
Business, management and public administration	5,000	1,745	3,250	15.5	11.5	19.2
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	555	125	430	1.7	0.8	2.5
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	4,440	1,625	2,815	13.8	10.7	16.6
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,075	600	470	3.3	3.9	2.8
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	480	200	270	1.5	1.3	1.6
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	70	55	20	0.2	0.4	0.1
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	175	100	75	0.5	0.7	0.4
40. Physical sciences	320	225	95	1.0	1.5	0.6
41. Science technologies/technicians	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	575	425	150	1.8	2.8	0.9
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	455	370	85	1.4	2.4	0.5
25. Library science	60	15	45	0.2	0.1	0.3
27. Mathematics and statistics	45	35	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	3,650	3,275	375	11.3	21.5	2.2
04. Architecture and related services	275	155	120	0.9	1.0	0.7
14. Engineering	515	440	80	1.6	2.9	0.5
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	945	825	120	2.9	5.4	0.7
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	810	790	15	2.5	5.2	0.1
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	735	720	15	2.3	4.7	0.1
48. Precision production	365	345	20	1.1	2.3	0.1
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	615	420	195	1.9	2.8	1.2
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	270	165	110	0.8	1.1	0.6
03. Natural resources and conservation	345	255	90	1.1	1.7	0.5
Health and related fields	3,220	685	2,535	10.0	4.5	15.0
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	175	90	90	0.5	0.6	0.5
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	2,905	530	2,375	9.0	3.5	14.0
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	135	65	65	0.4	0.4	0.4
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,465	755	705	4.6	5.0	4.2
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	820	230	585	2.5	1.5	3.5
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
43. Security and protective services	305	240	60	0.9	1.6	0.4
49. Transportation and materials moving	330	275	55	1.0	1.8	0.3
Other¹⁷⁹	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	18,765	8,860	9,905	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	4,410	2,365	2,040	23.5	26.7	20.6
Education	1,225	225	1,000	6.5	2.5	10.1
13. Education	1,225	225	1,000	6.5	2.5	10.1
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	365	150	215	1.9	1.7	2.2
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	35	25	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
50. Visual and performing arts	330	125	200	1.8	1.4	2.0
Humanities	680	315	365	3.6	3.6	3.7
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	55	25	35	0.3	0.3	0.4
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	350	150	195	1.9	1.7	2.0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	35	35	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
54. History	90	50	30	0.5	0.6	0.3
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	140	45	95	0.7	0.5	1.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,145	410	730	6.1	4.6	7.4
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	200	70	130	1.1	0.8	1.3
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	220	15	205	1.2	0.2	2.1
22. Legal professions and studies	150	70	85	0.8	0.8	0.9
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	25	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.3
42. Psychology	205	50	155	1.1	0.6	1.6
45. Social sciences	335	205	125	1.8	2.3	1.3
Business, management and public administration	3,600	1,245	2,355	19.2	14.1	23.8
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	420	80	345	2.2	0.9	3.5
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,175	1,165	2,010	16.9	13.1	20.3
Physical and life sciences and technologies	725	400	325	3.9	4.5	3.3
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	355	135	215	1.9	1.5	2.2
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	45	40	0	0.2	0.5	0.0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	55	40	15	0.3	0.5	0.2
40. Physical sciences	255	175	75	1.4	2.0	0.8
41. Science technologies/technicians	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	420	330	85	2.2	3.7	0.9
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	360	310	45	1.9	3.5	0.5
25. Library science	30	0	25	0.2	0.0	0.3
27. Mathematics and statistics	20	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	2,425	2,115	310	12.9	23.9	3.1
04. Architecture and related services	210	125	80	1.1	1.4	0.8
14. Engineering	365	290	75	1.9	3.3	0.8
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	675	560	110	3.6	6.3	1.1
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	490	480	10	2.6	5.4	0.1
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	465	455	10	2.5	5.1	0.1
48. Precision production	225	205	20	1.2	2.3	0.2
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	490	315	170	2.6	3.6	1.7
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	210	120	90	1.1	1.4	0.9
03. Natural resources and conservation	280	195	90	1.5	2.2	0.9
Health and related fields	2,225	460	1,765	11.9	5.2	17.8
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	100	55	45	0.5	0.6	0.5
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	2,015	370	1,650	10.7	4.2	16.7
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	105	40	70	0.6	0.5	0.7
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,045	515	530	5.6	5.8	5.4
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	610	165	440	3.3	1.9	4.4
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
43. Security and protective services	205	160	45	1.1	1.8	0.5
49. Transportation and materials moving	225	180	40	1.2	2.0	0.4
Other¹⁷⁹	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	18,765	8,860	9,905	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,410	2,365	2,040	23.5	26.7	20.6
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	14,360	6,490	7,865	76.5	73.3	79.4
Location of study inside Canada	13,905	6,250	7,655	74.1	70.5	77.3
Same as province or territory of residence	13,660	6,125	7,530	72.8	69.1	76.0
Different than province or territory of residence	245	125	115	1.3	1.4	1.2
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	455	240	215	2.4	2.7	2.2
Americas	60	25	40	0.3	0.3	0.4
United States of America	25	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Europe	225	115	110	1.2	1.3	1.1
Belgium	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
France	185	100	80	1.0	1.1	0.8
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	125	90	35	0.7	1.0	0.4
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Morocco	20	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Tunisia	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	75	50	25	0.4	0.6	0.3
Asia	40	15	30	0.2	0.2	0.3
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	30	0	25	0.2	0.0	0.3
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	32,175	15,225	16,950	...	...	...
In the labour force	18,600	9,035	9,560	...	...	...
Employed	17,115	8,330	8,790	...	...	...
Unemployed	1,485	710	775	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	13,575	6,185	7,390	...	...	...
Participation rate	57.8	59.3	56.4	57.8	59.3	56.4
Employment rate	53.2	54.7	51.9	53.2	54.7	51.9
Unemployment rate	8.0	7.9	8.1	8.0	7.9	8.1
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	32,175	15,225	16,950	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	12,890	5,755	7,130	40.1	37.8	42.1
Worked	19,285	9,470	9,820	59.9	62.2	57.9
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	9,720	4,970	4,750	30.2	32.6	28.0
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	9,570	4,495	5,070	29.7	29.5	29.9
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.0	41.2	40.8	41.0	41.2	40.8
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	18,600	9,035	9,560	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	385	145	240	2.1	1.6	2.5
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	18,210	8,890	9,325	97.9	98.4	97.5
Employee	16,625	8,095	8,530	89.4	89.6	89.2
Permanent position	13,280	6,510	6,775	71.4	72.1	70.9
Temporary position	3,340	1,580	1,760	18.0	17.5	18.4
Fixed term (1 year or more)	995	415	585	5.3	4.6	6.1
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	2,345	1,175	1,175	12.6	13.0	12.3
Self-employed¹⁹²	1,590	795	795	8.5	8.8	8.3
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	18,600	9,035	9,560	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	385	145	240	2.1	1.6	2.5
All occupations¹⁹¹	18,210	8,890	9,325	97.9	98.4	97.5
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	275	180	100	1.5	2.0	1.0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	3,180	1,125	2,050	17.1	12.5	21.4
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,415	1,055	355	7.6	11.7	3.7
3 Health occupations	2,270	475	1,790	12.2	5.3	18.7
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	2,960	950	2,010	15.9	10.5	21.0
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	490	235	255	2.6	2.6	2.7
6 Sales and service occupations	4,945	2,490	2,460	26.6	27.6	25.7
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,110	1,955	155	11.3	21.6	1.6
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	250	175	75	1.3	1.9	0.8
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	315	250	65	1.7	2.8	0.7
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	18,600	9,035	9,560	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	385	145	240	2.1	1.6	2.5
All industries¹⁹¹	18,210	8,890	9,325	97.9	98.4	97.5
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	250	160	85	1.3	1.8	0.9
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	80	75	0	0.4	0.8	0.0
22 Utilities	175	145	35	0.9	1.6	0.4
23 Construction	690	610	80	3.7	6.8	0.8
31-33 Manufacturing	670	515	150	3.6	5.7	1.6
41 Wholesale trade	350	260	85	1.9	2.9	0.9
44-45 Retail trade	2,480	1,335	1,140	13.3	14.8	11.9
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	605	530	75	3.3	5.9	0.8
51 Information and cultural industries	985	660	325	5.3	7.3	3.4
52 Finance and insurance	445	220	220	2.4	2.4	2.3
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	180	105	75	1.0	1.2	0.8
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,030	550	480	5.5	6.1	5.0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	640	415	225	3.4	4.6	2.4
61 Educational services	1,930	680	1,255	10.4	7.5	13.1
62 Health care and social assistance	4,035	895	3,140	21.7	9.9	32.8
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	325	185	140	1.7	2.0	1.5
72 Accommodation and food services	1,055	475	580	5.7	5.3	6.1
81 Other services (except public administration)	880	345	535	4.7	3.8	5.6
91 Public administration	1,410	720	695	7.6	8.0	7.3
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	20,295	10,005	10,290	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	145	100	45	0.7	1.0	0.4
French	18,100	8,570	9,535	89.2	85.7	92.7
Non-official language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	2,000	1,305	690	9.9	13.0	6.7
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	30	20	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	20,295	10,005	10,290	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	20,090	9,880	10,210	99.0	98.8	99.2
Official languages	20,085	9,875	10,210	99.0	98.7	99.2
English	370	255	105	1.8	2.5	1.0
French	19,720	9,620	10,100	97.2	96.2	98.2
Non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	205	125	80	1.0	1.2	0.8
English and French	205	125	80	1.0	1.2	0.8
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	20,295	10,005	10,290	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	18,450	8,790	9,655	90.9	87.9	93.8
English	1,580	1,030	545	7.8	10.3	5.3
French	225	160	65	1.1	1.6	0.6
Non-official language	30	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	30	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	17,115	8,330	8,790	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	3,030	1,440	1,595	17.7	17.3	18.1
Worked outside Canada	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
No fixed workplace address	1,405	1,040	365	8.2	12.5	4.2
Usual place of work	12,675	5,840	6,830	74.1	70.1	77.7
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	12,675	5,845	6,830	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	10,835	4,820	6,020	85.5	82.5	88.1
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	285	175	110	2.2	3.0	1.6
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	1,510	820	690	11.9	14.0	10.1
Commute to a different province or territory	45	25	20	0.4	0.4	0.3
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	14,075	6,880	7,195	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	12,055	5,905	6,150	85.6	85.8	85.5
Car, truck or van - as a driver	11,365	5,645	5,720	80.7	82.0	79.5
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	690	260	430	4.9	3.8	6.0
Public transit	140	55	85	1.0	0.8	1.2
Walked	1,415	625	790	10.1	9.1	11.0
Bicycle	180	130	55	1.3	1.9	0.8
Other method	290	170	120	2.1	2.5	1.7
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	14,075	6,880	7,195	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	9,575	4,450	5,120	68.0	64.7	71.2
15 to 29 minutes	3,115	1,605	1,510	22.1	23.3	21.0
30 to 44 minutes	905	485	420	6.4	7.0	5.8
45 to 59 minutes	185	115	75	1.3	1.7	1.0
60 minutes and over	300	230	75	2.1	3.3	1.0
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	14,075	6,880	7,195	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	425	325	100	3.0	4.7	1.4
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,310	890	420	9.3	12.9	5.8
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	5,320	2,540	2,780	37.8	36.9	38.6
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	3,715	1,620	2,085	26.4	23.5	29.0
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,160	470	690	8.2	6.8	9.6
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	2,150	1,030	1,120	15.3	15.0	15.6
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	6,295	3,185	3,110	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	280	155	120	4.4	4.9	3.9
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	6,015	3,030	2,985	95.6	95.1	96.0
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	4,690	2,385	2,310	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	220	120	100	4.7	5.0	4.3
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	115	70	50	2.5	2.9	2.2
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	100	55	50	2.1	2.3	2.2
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	4,475	2,265	2,210	95.4	95.0	95.7

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
^r
revised

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 18, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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Census Profile, 2021 Census of PopulationProfile table

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Note(s):

Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table