Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	RimouskiMore information: Quebec [Census agglomeration]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	53,944	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	53,498^r	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	0.8	...	...	0.8	...	...
Total private dwellings²	27,299	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	25,618	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	69.8	...	...	69.8	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	772.93	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	53,945	26,105	27,840	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	7,900	4,060	3,840	14.6	15.6	13.8
0 to 4 years	2,350	1,200	1,150	4.4	4.6	4.1
5 to 9 years	2,745	1,395	1,350	5.1	5.3	4.8
10 to 14 years	2,805	1,465	1,345	5.2	5.6	4.8
15 to 64 years	32,255	15,780	16,470	59.8	60.4	59.2
15 to 19 years	2,500	1,270	1,230	4.6	4.9	4.4
20 to 24 years	2,880	1,445	1,435	5.3	5.5	5.2
25 to 29 years	3,080	1,500	1,580	5.7	5.7	5.7
30 to 34 years	3,055	1,570	1,485	5.7	6.0	5.3
35 to 39 years	3,140	1,525	1,605	5.8	5.8	5.8
40 to 44 years	3,345	1,675	1,670	6.2	6.4	6.0
45 to 49 years	2,925	1,410	1,515	5.4	5.4	5.4
50 to 54 years	2,855	1,380	1,470	5.3	5.3	5.3
55 to 59 years	3,865	1,825	2,040	7.2	7.0	7.3
60 to 64 years	4,625	2,185	2,440	8.6	8.4	8.8
65 years and over	13,790	6,270	7,520	25.6	24.0	27.0
65 to 69 years	4,575	2,170	2,400	8.5	8.3	8.6
70 to 74 years	3,795	1,810	1,990	7.0	6.9	7.1
75 to 79 years	2,500	1,165	1,340	4.6	4.5	4.8
80 to 84 years	1,470	635	830	2.7	2.4	3.0
85 years and over	1,450	485	960	2.7	1.9	3.4
85 to 89 years	905	330	575	1.7	1.3	2.1
90 to 94 years	425	135	285	0.8	0.5	1.0
95 to 99 years	110	20	95	0.2	0.1	0.3
100 years and over	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	14.6	15.6	13.8	14.6	15.6	13.8
15 to 64 years	59.8	60.4	59.2	59.8	60.4	59.2
65 years and over	25.6	24.0	27.0	25.6	24.0	27.0
85 years and over	2.7	1.9	3.4	2.7	1.9	3.4
Average age of the population	45.3	44.1	46.3	45.3	44.1	46.3
Median age of the population	46.8	45.2	48.4	46.8	45.2	48.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	25,620	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	13,310	...	...	52.0	...	...
Semi-detached house	2,280	...	...	8.9	...	...
Row house	635	...	...	2.5	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	1,195	...	...	4.7	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	7,360	...	...	28.7	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	490	...	...	1.9	...	...
Other single-attached house	130	...	...	0.5	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	220	...	...	0.9	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	25,620	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	9,850	...	...	38.4	...	...
2 persons	9,540	...	...	37.2	...	...
3 persons	2,800	...	...	10.9	...	...
4 persons	2,380	...	...	9.3	...	...
5 or more persons	1,045	...	...	4.1	...	...
Number of persons in private households	52,475	25,640	26,840	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.1	...	...	2.1	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	46,045	22,050	23,995	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	26,300	13,120	13,180	57.1	59.5	54.9
Married	12,255	6,125	6,130	26.6	27.8	25.5
Living common-law	14,045	6,995	7,045	30.5	31.7	29.4
Living common law - Never married	11,740	5,780	5,960	25.5	26.2	24.8
Living common law - Separated	120	55	70	0.3	0.2	0.3
Living common law - Divorced	1,905	1,040	865	4.1	4.7	3.6
Living common law - Widowed	275	120	160	0.6	0.5	0.7
Not married and not living common-law	19,745	8,925	10,820	42.9	40.5	45.1
Not married and not living common law - Never married	13,725	6,960	6,765	29.8	31.6	28.2
Not married and not living common law - Separated	470	220	245	1.0	1.0	1.0
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	2,970	1,105	1,860	6.5	5.0	7.8
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	2,585	640	1,945	5.6	2.9	8.1
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	15,015	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	9,175	...	...	61.1	...	...
3 persons	2,615	...	...	17.4	...	...
4 persons	2,285	...	...	15.2	...	...
5 or more persons	935	...	...	6.2	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.7	...	...	1.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	15,010	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	12,965	...	...	86.4	...	...
Married couples	5,960	...	...	39.7	...	...
With children⁶	1,705	...	...	11.4	...	...
Without children	4,255	...	...	28.3	...	...
Common-law couples	7,010	...	...	46.7	...	...
With children⁶	3,350	...	...	22.3	...	...
Without children	3,660	...	...	24.4	...	...
Total one-parent families	2,045	...	...	13.6	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	1,470	...	...	9.8	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	575	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	52,475	25,635	26,840	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	40,285	20,030	20,255	76.8	78.1	75.5
Married spouses or common-law partners	25,930	12,935	12,995	49.4	50.5	48.4
Parents in one-parent families	2,045	575	1,470	3.9	2.2	5.5
Children⁶	12,305	6,515	5,790	23.4	25.4	21.6
In a two-parent family	9,280	4,885	4,400	17.7	19.1	16.4
In a one-parent family	3,025	1,635	1,395	5.8	6.4	5.2
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	12,195	5,610	6,580	23.2	21.9	24.5
Living alone	9,855	4,365	5,485	18.8	17.0	20.4
Living with other relatives⁷	715	325	390	1.4	1.3	1.5
Living with non-relatives only	1,625	925	705	3.1	3.6	2.6
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	25,620	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	14,540	...	...	56.8	...	...
Couple-family households	12,650	...	...	49.4	...	...
With children⁶	4,935	...	...	19.3	...	...
Without children	7,715	...	...	30.1	...	...
One-parent-family households	1,895	...	...	7.4	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	115	...	...	0.4	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	25	...	...	0.1	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	270	...	...	1.1	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	820	...	...	3.2	...	...
One-person households	9,850	...	...	38.4	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	44,580	21,585	22,995	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	43,915	21,270	22,645	98.5	98.5	98.5
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,800	44,400	37,600	40,800	44,400	37,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	43,920	21,275	22,640	98.5	98.6	98.5
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,000	38,400	33,600	36,000	38,400	33,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	39,745	19,560	20,185	89.2	90.6	87.8
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	32,800	37,200	29,200	32,800	37,200	29,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	30,250	15,520	14,730	67.9	71.9	64.1
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,800	37,200	32,800	34,800	37,200	32,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	37,015	17,110	19,905	83.0	79.3	86.6
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,900	11,600	12,000	11,900	11,600	12,000
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	5,800	3,235	2,570	13.0	15.0	11.2
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,640	6,000	5,480	5,640	6,000	5,480
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	10,540	5,390	5,150	23.6	25.0	22.4
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	6,000	7,000	6,000	6,000	7,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	44,545	21,545	23,005	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	43,865	21,220	22,640	98.5	98.5	98.4
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	47,920	51,850	44,200	47,920	51,850	44,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	43,865	21,220	22,645	98.5	98.5	98.4
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,080	42,720	37,560	40,080	42,720	37,560
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	39,720	19,480	20,240	89.2	90.4	88.0
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,440	45,880	37,120	41,440	45,880	37,120
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	30,195	15,385	14,815	67.8	71.4	64.4
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,520	45,320	39,640	42,520	45,320	39,640
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	36,885	17,055	19,825	82.8	79.2	86.2
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,370	12,100	12,610	12,370	12,100	12,610
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	5,740	3,165	2,575	12.9	14.7	11.2
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,540	7,090	8,090	7,540	7,090	8,090
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	10,270	5,270	4,995	23.1	24.5	21.7
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,230	7,030	7,430	7,230	7,030	7,430
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	44,545	21,545	23,000	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	13,745	7,065	6,680	30.9	32.8	29.0
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	57,600	61,200	53,200	57,600	61,200	53,200
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	64,200	68,700	59,350	64,200	68,700	59,350
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	13,225	6,355	6,865	29.7	29.5	29.8
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	19,600	21,000	18,400	19,600	21,000	18,400
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	27,760	29,920	25,760	27,760	29,920	25,760
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	78.2	81.2	75.0	78.2	81.2	75.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	61.1	63.3	58.7	61.1	63.3	58.7
Government transfers (%)²⁰	21.7	18.8	25.0	21.7	18.8	25.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.1	2.0	2.1	2.1	2.0	2.1
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	4.3	4.0	4.7	4.3	4.0	4.7
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	3.5	3.4	3.7	3.5	3.4	3.7
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	44,585	21,580	23,000	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	670	310	355	1.5	1.4	1.5
With total income	43,910	21,270	22,645	98.5	98.6	98.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,500	1,085	1,420	5.7	5.1	6.3
$10,000 to $19,999	5,415	2,220	3,190	12.3	10.4	14.1
$20,000 to $29,999	7,220	3,220	3,995	16.4	15.1	17.6
$30,000 to $39,999	6,295	2,840	3,455	14.3	13.4	15.3
$40,000 to $49,999	6,100	2,895	3,210	13.9	13.6	14.2
$50,000 to $59,999	4,800	2,435	2,365	10.9	11.4	10.4
$60,000 to $69,999	3,355	1,870	1,485	7.6	8.8	6.6
$70,000 to $79,999	2,340	1,310	1,030	5.3	6.2	4.5
$80,000 to $89,999	1,835	985	850	4.2	4.6	3.8
$90,000 to $99,999	1,285	655	630	2.9	3.1	2.8
$100,000 and over	2,775	1,755	1,015	6.3	8.3	4.5
$100,000 to $149,999	2,065	1,285	785	4.7	6.0	3.5
$150,000 and over	710	470	235	1.6	2.2	1.0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	44,585	21,580	23,000	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	660	305	355	1.5	1.4	1.5
With after-tax income	43,920	21,275	22,645	98.5	98.6	98.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,715	1,125	1,590	6.2	5.3	7.0
$10,000 to $19,999	5,685	2,380	3,305	12.9	11.2	14.6
$20,000 to $29,999	8,620	3,850	4,770	19.6	18.1	21.1
$30,000 to $39,999	8,155	3,875	4,280	18.6	18.2	18.9
$40,000 to $49,999	6,890	3,410	3,480	15.7	16.0	15.4
$50,000 to $59,999	4,545	2,545	2,005	10.3	12.0	8.9
$60,000 to $69,999	2,865	1,575	1,295	6.5	7.4	5.7
$70,000 to $79,999	1,900	960	940	4.3	4.5	4.2
$80,000 to $89,999	965	550	420	2.2	2.6	1.9
$90,000 to $99,999	565	360	205	1.3	1.7	0.9
$100,000 and over	1,010	650	365	2.3	3.1	1.6
$100,000 to $124,999	560	365	195	1.3	1.7	0.9
$125,000 and over	450	285	165	1.0	1.3	0.7
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	44,585	21,580	23,000	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	14,335	6,065	8,270	32.2	28.1	36.0
With employment income	30,245	15,515	14,725	67.8	71.9	64.0
Under $5,000 (including loss)	4,000	2,160	1,835	13.2	13.9	12.5
$5,000 to $9,999	2,350	1,080	1,265	7.8	7.0	8.6
$10,000 to $19,999	3,775	1,780	1,990	12.5	11.5	13.5
$20,000 to $29,999	3,290	1,525	1,765	10.9	9.8	12.0
$30,000 to $39,999	3,320	1,610	1,710	11.0	10.4	11.6
$40,000 to $49,999	3,120	1,500	1,615	10.3	9.7	11.0
$50,000 to $59,999	2,600	1,375	1,225	8.6	8.9	8.3
$60,000 to $69,999	2,000	1,135	865	6.6	7.3	5.9
$70,000 to $79,999	1,535	860	675	5.1	5.5	4.6
$80,000 to $89,999	1,415	700	720	4.7	4.5	4.9
$90,000 to $99,999	865	500	365	2.9	3.2	2.5
$100,000 and over	1,975	1,295	685	6.5	8.3	4.7
$100,000 to $124,999	1,080	680	400	3.6	4.4	2.7
$125,000 and over	900	610	285	3.0	3.9	1.9
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	44,580	21,585	22,995	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	43,360	20,965	22,400	97.3	97.1	97.4
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,400	42,800	34,800	38,400	42,800	34,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	43,390	20,965	22,425	97.3	97.1	97.5
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,000	37,200	31,400	34,000	37,200	31,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	39,215	19,285	19,925	88.0	89.3	86.6
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	33,600	38,000	29,600	33,600	38,000	29,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	30,655	15,610	15,045	68.8	72.3	65.4
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,800	38,000	32,000	34,800	38,000	32,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	34,370	15,645	18,720	77.1	72.5	81.4
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,100	8,600	9,500	9,100	8,600	9,500
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	5,840	3,270	2,570	13.1	15.1	11.2
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,200	5,440	4,760	5,200	5,440	4,760
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	44,545	21,545	23,005	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	43,340	20,945	22,390	97.3	97.2	97.3
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	45,840	50,640	41,400	45,840	50,640	41,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	43,370	20,950	22,420	97.4	97.2	97.5
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,160	41,480	35,040	38,160	41,480	35,040
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	39,130	19,230	19,910	87.8	89.3	86.5
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,000	47,200	36,960	42,000	47,200	36,960
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	30,645	15,510	15,145	68.8	72.0	65.8
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,120	45,800	38,320	42,120	45,800	38,320
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	34,125	15,485	18,640	76.6	71.9	81.0
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,080	9,870	10,260	10,080	9,870	10,260
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	5,835	3,275	2,560	13.1	15.2	11.1
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,090	6,600	7,710	7,090	6,600	7,710
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	44,545	21,545	23,000	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	13,695	7,050	6,645	30.7	32.7	28.9
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	54,000	58,000	49,200	54,000	58,000	49,200
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	60,550	66,000	54,750	60,550	66,000	54,750
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	12,600	6,020	6,580	28.3	27.9	28.6
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	22,400	26,200	20,200	22,400	26,200	20,200
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	30,960	34,120	28,080	30,960	34,120	28,080
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	82.6	85.6	79.4	82.6	85.6	79.4
Employment income (%)	65.0	67.0	62.6	65.0	67.0	62.6
Government transfers (%)	17.3	14.4	20.6	17.3	14.4	20.6
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.1	2.0	2.1	2.1	2.0	2.1
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	25,620	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	67,000	...	...	67,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	58,800	...	...	58,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	9,850	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	36,400	...	...	36,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	32,800	...	...	32,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	15,770	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	93,000	...	...	93,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	80,000	...	...	80,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	25,615	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	82,000	...	...	82,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	68,600	...	...	68,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	9,880	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	43,440	...	...	43,440	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	37,000	...	...	37,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	15,735	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	106,300	...	...	106,300	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	88,400	...	...	88,400	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	25,620	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	155	...	...	0.6	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	140	...	...	0.5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	410	...	...	1.6	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	685	...	...	2.7	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,735	...	...	6.8	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,025	...	...	4.0	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,150	...	...	4.5	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,390	...	...	5.4	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,300	...	...	5.1	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,255	...	...	4.9	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,195	...	...	8.6	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,940	...	...	7.6	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,760	...	...	6.9	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,635	...	...	6.4	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,415	...	...	5.5	...	...
$100,000 and over	7,430	...	...	29.0	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,695	...	...	10.5	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,805	...	...	7.0	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,805	...	...	7.0	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,125	...	...	4.4	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	25,620	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	170	...	...	0.7	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	150	...	...	0.6	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	410	...	...	1.6	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	735	...	...	2.9	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,845	...	...	7.2	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,325	...	...	5.2	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,500	...	...	5.9	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,665	...	...	6.5	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,560	...	...	6.1	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,305	...	...	5.1	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,490	...	...	9.7	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,240	...	...	8.7	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,025	...	...	7.9	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,735	...	...	6.8	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,335	...	...	5.2	...	...
$100,000 and over	5,125	...	...	20.0	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,455	...	...	9.6	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,325	...	...	5.2	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,355	...	...	5.3	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	15,135	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	94,000	...	...	94,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	81,000	...	...	81,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	7,770	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	82,000	...	...	82,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	70,500	...	...	70,500	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	5,065	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	134,000	...	...	134,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	112,000	...	...	112,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	2,010	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	69,000	...	...	69,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	62,000	...	...	62,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.5	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	11,480	5,285	6,190	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	34,800	36,000	34,000	34,800	36,000	34,000
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	31,800	32,400	31,200	31,800	32,400	31,200
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	15,140	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	107,300	...	...	107,300	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	89,100	...	...	89,100	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	7,790	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	90,100	...	...	90,100	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	75,900	...	...	75,900	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	5,020	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	146,800	...	...	146,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	118,900	...	...	118,900	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,025	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	78,500	...	...	78,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	68,100	...	...	68,100	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	11,380	5,185	6,190	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	41,960	43,520	40,640	41,960	43,520	40,640
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	35,880	36,760	35,120	35,880	36,760	35,120
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	52,475	25,640	26,840	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	9,330	4,790	4,540	17.8	18.7	16.9
0 to 5 years	2,860	1,455	1,405	5.5	5.7	5.2
18 to 64 years	30,670	14,950	15,720	58.4	58.3	58.6
65 years and over	12,480	5,900	6,575	23.8	23.0	24.5
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	6,295	2,905	3,395	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	645	365	285	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	195	100	95	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	3,160	1,560	1,595	...	...	...
65 years and over	2,495	980	1,515	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	12.0	11.3	12.6	12.0	11.3	12.6
0 to 17 years (%)	6.9	7.6	6.2	6.9	7.6	6.2
0 to 5 years (%)	6.9	6.8	6.9	6.9	6.8	6.9
18 to 64 years (%)	10.3	10.4	10.2	10.3	10.4	10.2
65 years and over (%)	20.0	16.6	23.0	20.0	16.6	23.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	52,475	25,635	26,840	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	9,330	4,790	4,540	17.8	18.7	16.9
0 to 5 years	2,860	1,450	1,410	5.5	5.7	5.3
18 to 64 years	30,670	14,945	15,725	58.4	58.3	58.6
65 years and over	12,485	5,900	6,580	23.8	23.0	24.5
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	2,025	1,040	980	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	160	75	80	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	45	25	25	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	1,695	895	805	...	...	...
65 years and over	165	70	95	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.9	4.1	3.7	3.9	4.1	3.7
0 to 17 years (%)	1.7	1.6	1.8	1.7	1.6	1.8
0 to 5 years (%)	1.7	1.5	1.8	1.7	1.5	1.8
18 to 64 years (%)	5.5	6.0	5.1	5.5	6.0	5.1
65 years and over (%)	1.3	1.2	1.5	1.3	1.2	1.5
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	52,475	25,640	26,840	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	30,190	14,410	15,780	57.5	56.2	58.8
In bottom decile	5,310	2,500	2,810	10.1	9.8	10.5
In second decile	5,755	2,680	3,080	11.0	10.5	11.5
In third decile	6,115	2,915	3,200	11.7	11.4	11.9
In fourth decile	6,520	3,110	3,415	12.4	12.1	12.7
In fifth decile	6,490	3,205	3,285	12.4	12.5	12.2
In top half of the distribution	22,285	11,230	11,060	42.5	43.8	41.2
In sixth decile	6,190	3,090	3,100	11.8	12.1	11.5
In seventh decile	5,385	2,690	2,695	10.3	10.5	10.0
In eighth decile	4,730	2,405	2,320	9.0	9.4	8.6
In ninth decile	3,630	1,850	1,785	6.9	7.2	6.7
In top decile	2,350	1,195	1,155	4.5	4.7	4.3
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	52,475	...	...	52,475	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.297	...	...	0.297	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.423	...	...	0.423	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.254	...	...	0.254	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.2	...	...	3.2	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	53,640	25,950	27,685	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	55	35	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
French only	38,955	17,760	21,200	72.6	68.4	76.6
English and French	14,590	8,140	6,450	27.2	31.4	23.3
Neither English nor French	35	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	53,640	25,950	27,685	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	435	200	240	0.8	0.8	0.9
French	53,035	25,660	27,375	98.9	98.9	98.9
English and French	130	75	60	0.2	0.3	0.2
Neither English nor French	35	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	53,640	25,950	27,685	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	53,255	25,720	27,535	99.3	99.1	99.5
Official languages	52,600	25,360	27,240	98.1	97.7	98.4
English	390	175	210	0.7	0.7	0.8
French	52,210	25,180	27,025	97.3	97.0	97.6
Non-official languages	655	365	295	1.2	1.4	1.1
Indigenous languages³⁹	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	655	360	290	1.2	1.4	1.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	140	90	50	0.3	0.3	0.2
Berber languages	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	120	75	40	0.2	0.3	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	120	75	40	0.2	0.3	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Haitian Creole	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	25	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	265	145	120	0.5	0.6	0.4
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	30	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	30	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	25	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	200	105	90	0.4	0.4	0.3
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	10	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	140	75	65	0.3	0.3	0.2
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	125	70	50	0.2	0.3	0.2
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	60	30	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	20	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	35	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages	35	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	20	5	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	380	230	150	0.7	0.9	0.5
English and French	240	145	95	0.4	0.6	0.3
English and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	110	70	40	0.2	0.3	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	53,640	25,950	27,685	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	145	75	70	0.3	0.3	0.3
French	51,650	24,860	26,790	96.3	95.8	96.8
Non-official language	140	75	60	0.3	0.3	0.2
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	140	75	60	0.3	0.3	0.2
English and French	1,105	635	475	2.1	2.4	1.7
English and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	450	235	210	0.8	0.9	0.8
English, French and non-official language(s)	135	70	65	0.3	0.3	0.2
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	53,640	25,950	27,685	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	53,335	25,790	27,545	99.4	99.4	99.5
Official languages	53,035	25,630	27,405	98.9	98.8	99.0
English	240	115	120	0.4	0.4	0.4
French	52,795	25,515	27,285	98.4	98.3	98.6
Non-official languages	295	160	135	0.5	0.6	0.5
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	295	155	135	0.5	0.6	0.5
Afro-Asiatic languages	45	30	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Berber languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	40	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	40	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	10	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	120	60	60	0.2	0.2	0.2
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	100	55	50	0.2	0.2	0.2
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	75	40	35	0.1	0.2	0.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	55	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	40	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	25	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Chinese languages	25	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	305	165	140	0.6	0.6	0.5
English and French	170	85	85	0.3	0.3	0.3
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	115	65	50	0.2	0.3	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	53,640	25,950	27,685	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	52,195	25,150	27,045	97.3	96.9	97.7
English	885	525	360	1.6	2.0	1.3
French	200	100	100	0.4	0.4	0.4
Non-official language	225	110	115	0.4	0.4	0.4
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	220	110	115	0.4	0.4	0.4
English and French	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	70	35	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	30	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	52,475	25,630	26,855	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	52,435	25,600	26,830	99.9	99.9	99.9
English	14,505	8,135	6,375	27.6	31.7	23.7
French	52,380	25,565	26,820	99.8	99.7	99.9
Non-official languages	2,270	1,140	1,130	4.3	4.4	4.2
Indigenous languages³⁹	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	2,265	1,135	1,130	4.3	4.4	4.2
Afro-Asiatic languages	275	170	110	0.5	0.7	0.4
Berber languages	35	25	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Kabyle	20	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	35	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	30	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	235	145	90	0.4	0.6	0.3
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	230	140	90	0.4	0.5	0.3
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	75	35	45	0.1	0.1	0.2
Haitian Creole	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	35	25	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,555	745	810	3.0	2.9	3.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	100	65	30	0.2	0.3	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	100	60	30	0.2	0.2	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Russian	40	35	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	30	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	125	60	70	0.2	0.2	0.3
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	95	40	55	0.2	0.2	0.2
German	95	40	55	0.2	0.2	0.2
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,380	650	725	2.6	2.5	2.7
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	105	40	60	0.2	0.2	0.2
Portuguese	110	55	55	0.2	0.2	0.2
Romanian	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	1,200	575	630	2.3	2.2	2.3
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	265	145	120	0.5	0.6	0.4
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	35	30	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	145	70	65	0.3	0.3	0.2
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	50	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	80	60	25	0.2	0.2	0.1
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	25	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	75	30	55	0.1	0.1	0.2
Chinese languages	75	20	55	0.1	0.1	0.2
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	55	15	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	52,475	25,625	26,850	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	880	435	450	1.7	1.7	1.7
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	800	375	420	1.5	1.5	1.6
First Nations (North American Indian)	405	175	230	0.8	0.7	0.9
Métis	390	205	190	0.7	0.8	0.7
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	70	45	25	0.1	0.2	0.1
Non-Indigenous identity	51,595	25,195	26,400	98.3	98.3	98.3
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	52,475	25,625	26,850	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	280	165	115	0.5	0.6	0.4
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	52,195	25,465	26,735	99.5	99.4	99.6
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	25,615	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	16,245	...	...	63.4	...	...
Renter	9,370	...	...	36.6	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	25,615	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	2,335	...	...	9.1	...	...
Not condominium	23,285	...	...	90.9	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	25,615	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	275	...	...	1.1	...	...
1 bedroom	3,605	...	...	14.1	...	...
2 bedrooms	7,180	...	...	28.0	...	...
3 bedrooms	8,415	...	...	32.9	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	6,140	...	...	24.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	25,615	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	8,165	...	...	31.9	...	...
5 rooms	3,490	...	...	13.6	...	...
6 rooms	2,885	...	...	11.3	...	...
7 rooms	3,005	...	...	11.7	...	...
8 or more rooms	8,075	...	...	31.5	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.2	...	...	6.2	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	25,615	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	25,575	...	...	99.8	...	...
More than one person per room	45	...	...	0.2	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	25,615	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	25,390	...	...	99.1	...	...
Not suitable	230	...	...	0.9	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	25,615	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	5,200	...	...	20.3	...	...
1961 to 1980	8,665	...	...	33.8	...	...
1981 to 1990	3,910	...	...	15.3	...	...
1991 to 2000	2,710	...	...	10.6	...	...
2001 to 2005	875	...	...	3.4	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,420	...	...	5.5	...	...
2011 to 2015	1,810	...	...	7.1	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	1,020	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	25,615	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	24,445	...	...	95.4	...	...
Major repairs needed	1,175	...	...	4.6	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	25,615	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	14,750	...	...	57.6	...	...
Two-maintainer household	10,535	...	...	41.1	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	330	...	...	1.3	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	25,615	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	1,085	...	...	4.2	...	...
25 to 34 years	3,370	...	...	13.2	...	...
35 to 44 years	3,940	...	...	15.4	...	...
45 to 54 years	3,605	...	...	14.1	...	...
55 to 64 years	5,185	...	...	20.2	...	...
65 to 74 years	5,365	...	...	20.9	...	...
75 to 84 years	2,530	...	...	9.9	...	...
85 years and over	540	...	...	2.1	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	25,465	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	22,400	...	...	88.0	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	3,065	...	...	12.0	...	...
30% to less than 100%	2,890	...	...	11.3	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	25,615	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	4,295	...	...	16.8	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	2,915	...	...	11.4	...	...
Not suitable only	195	...	...	0.8	...	...
Major repairs needed only	1,015	...	...	4.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	15	...	...	0.1	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	135	...	...	0.5	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	20	...	...	0.1	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	21,325	...	...	83.3	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	25,295	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	790	...	...	3.1	...	...
Not in core need	24,505	...	...	96.9	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	16,175	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	58.1	...	...	58.1	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	6.2	...	...	6.2	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.7	...	...	0.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	880	...	...	880	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	945	...	...	945	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	224,000	...	...	224,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	240,600	...	...	240,600	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	9,340	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	13.2	...	...	13.2	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	22.1	...	...	22.1	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	7.2	...	...	7.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	680	...	...	680	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	704	...	...	704	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	52,480	25,625	26,850	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	895	425	475	1.7	1.7	1.8
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	870	405	465	1.7	1.6	1.7
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	640	290	350	1.2	1.1	1.3
Métis single ancestry	210	110	100	0.4	0.4	0.4
Inuit single ancestry	25	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	20	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	20	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	1,290	630	655	2.5	2.5	2.4
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	1,280	620	655	2.4	2.4	2.4
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	1,160	540	620	2.2	2.1	2.3
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	115	80	35	0.2	0.3	0.1
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	50,290	24,575	25,720	95.8	95.9	95.8
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	52,475	25,625	26,850	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	51,490	25,130	26,355	98.1	98.1	98.2
Canadian citizens aged under 18	9,255	4,780	4,475	17.6	18.7	16.7
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	42,230	20,345	21,880	80.5	79.4	81.5
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	990	500	495	1.9	2.0	1.8
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	52,475	25,625	26,850	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	50,805	24,730	26,075	96.8	96.5	97.1
Immigrants⁸¹	1,185	665	520	2.3	2.6	1.9
Before 1980	110	75	35	0.2	0.3	0.1
1980 to 1990	75	40	35	0.1	0.2	0.1
1991 to 2000	165	85	80	0.3	0.3	0.3
2001 to 2010	315	155	155	0.6	0.6	0.6
2011 to 2021⁸²	520	310	210	1.0	1.2	0.8
2011 to 2015	145	95	55	0.3	0.4	0.2
2016 to 2021	375	220	150	0.7	0.9	0.6
Non-permanent residents⁸³	485	225	260	0.9	0.9	1.0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	1,190	665	520	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	165	100	65	13.9	15.0	12.5
5 to 14 years	215	130	85	18.1	19.5	16.3
15 to 24 years	175	80	95	14.7	12.0	18.3
25 to 44 years	550	305	250	46.2	45.9	48.1
45 years and over	75	50	30	6.3	7.5	5.8
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	1,190	665	520	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	190	85	105	16.0	12.8	20.2
Brazil	10	0	0	0.8	0.0	0.0
Colombia	40	20	20	3.4	3.0	3.8
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	30	0	25	2.5	0.0	4.8
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	25	15	0	2.1	2.3	0.0
Peru	10	0	10	0.8	0.0	1.9
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	15	0	15	1.3	0.0	2.9
Other places of birth in Americas	70	40	35	5.9	6.0	6.7
Europe	495	290	210	41.6	43.6	40.4
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	350	210	135	29.4	31.6	26.0
Germany	10	0	10	0.8	0.0	1.9
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	10	0	0	0.8	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	15	0	10	1.3	0.0	1.9
Portugal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	70	40	35	5.9	6.0	6.7
Africa	420	245	170	35.3	36.8	32.7
Algeria	35	15	15	2.9	2.3	2.9
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	85	40	45	7.1	6.0	8.7
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	45	30	15	3.8	4.5	2.9
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	240	150	95	20.2	22.6	18.3
Asia	75	40	35	6.3	6.0	6.7
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	10	10	0	0.8	1.5	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	35	0	30	2.9	0.0	5.8
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	10	10	0	0.8	1.5	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	10	10	0	0.8	1.5	0.0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	10	0	0	0.8	0.0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	370	220	155	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	70	45	25	18.9	20.5	16.1
Brazil	10	0	0	2.7	0.0	0.0
Colombia	25	10	10	6.8	4.5	6.5
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	25	15	10	6.8	6.8	6.5
Europe	55	30	25	14.9	13.6	16.1
France	50	30	20	13.5	13.6	12.9
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	235	140	90	63.5	63.6	58.1
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	35	15	15	9.5	6.8	9.7
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	80	35	40	21.6	15.9	25.8
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	15	0	0	4.1	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	90	70	20	24.3	31.8	12.9
Asia	10	0	0	2.7	0.0	0.0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	52,475	25,630	26,850	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	1,845	970	875	3.5	3.8	3.3
Second generation¹⁰¹	1,115	530	595	2.1	2.1	2.2
Third generation or more¹⁰²	49,515	24,135	25,385	94.4	94.2	94.5
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	1,080	595	480	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	555	330	225	51.4	55.5	46.9
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	325	200	120	30.1	33.6	25.0
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	235	130	105	21.8	21.8	21.9
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	275	115	155	25.5	19.3	32.3
Refugees¹⁰⁸	235	140	100	21.8	23.5	20.8
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	10	0	0	0.9	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	1,080	595	480	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	15	0	10	1.4	0.0	2.1
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	100	55	40	9.3	9.2	8.3
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	65	45	20	6.0	7.6	4.2
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	150	85	65	13.9	14.3	13.5
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	10	0	0	0.9	0.0	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	740	400	340	68.5	67.2	70.8
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	52,475	25,630	26,850	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	1,220	600	620	2.3	2.3	2.3
South Asian	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese	135	30	105	0.3	0.1	0.4
Black	630	315	315	1.2	1.2	1.2
Filipino	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arab	195	135	65	0.4	0.5	0.2
Latin American	155	70	80	0.3	0.3	0.3
Southeast Asian	45	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple visible minorities	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	51,260	25,025	26,230	97.7	97.6	97.7
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	52,475	25,625	26,850	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	20,475	9,785	10,695	39.0	38.2	39.8
English	630	335	295	1.2	1.3	1.1
Irish	1,650	780	870	3.1	3.0	3.2
Scottish	780	390	385	1.5	1.5	1.4
French, n.o.s.¹²²	13,985	6,960	7,030	26.7	27.2	26.2
German	535	240	295	1.0	0.9	1.1
Chinese	125	20	110	0.2	0.1	0.4
Italian	345	205	135	0.7	0.8	0.5
Indian (India)	40	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ukrainian	25	20	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Dutch	60	25	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Polish	65	30	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Québécois	8,260	3,995	4,265	15.7	15.6	15.9
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	45	30	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Filipino	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French Canadian	5,650	2,720	2,930	10.8	10.6	10.9
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	1,240	595	650	2.4	2.3	2.4
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	770	385	390	1.5	1.5	1.5
Métis	355	215	140	0.7	0.8	0.5
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	580	275	305	1.1	1.1	1.1
Russian	55	35	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Norwegian	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Welsh	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Portuguese	70	40	35	0.1	0.2	0.1
American	190	105	85	0.4	0.4	0.3
Spanish	120	75	50	0.2	0.3	0.2
Swedish	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Acadian	1,285	620	665	2.4	2.4	2.5
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	115	50	65	0.2	0.2	0.2
Jewish	50	30	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	30	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	60	40	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
Greek	25	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Jamaican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	70	25	50	0.1	0.1	0.2
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanese	50	30	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	530	255	285	1.0	1.0	1.1
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	180	80	100	0.3	0.3	0.4
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belgian	125	60	65	0.2	0.2	0.2
Haitian	55	10	45	0.1	0.0	0.2
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mennonite	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	105	50	50	0.2	0.2	0.2
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	310	130	185	0.6	0.5	0.7
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	25	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombian	30	20	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Moroccan	65	35	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syrian	20	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	20	20	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Serbian	35	10	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
Ojibway	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	25	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Brazilian	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	25	0	25	0.0	0.0	0.1
Algonquin	55	30	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	95	50	45	0.2	0.2	0.2
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	35	25	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	50	30	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
New Brunswicker	45	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	35	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	115	45	75	0.2	0.2	0.3
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	60	20	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	70	45	25	0.1	0.2	0.1
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	25	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	70	35	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Moldovan	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	20	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	90	45	45	0.2	0.2	0.2
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	35	25	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	50	40	10	0.1	0.2	0.0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	220	120	100	0.4	0.5	0.4
Norman	120	55	65	0.2	0.2	0.2
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	55	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Saulteaux	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	30	10	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	25	20	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	15	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	145	55	85	0.3	0.2	0.3
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	52,475	25,625	26,850	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	55	20	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Christian	39,065	18,710	20,355	74.4	73.0	75.8
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	2,710	1,325	1,390	5.2	5.2	5.2
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	25	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Baptist	40	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Catholic	35,750	17,095	18,660	68.1	66.7	69.5
Christian Orthodox	35	25	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Jehovah's Witness	120	60	65	0.2	0.2	0.2
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lutheran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	145	70	80	0.3	0.3	0.3
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	205	90	120	0.4	0.4	0.4
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	35	25	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Muslim	320	185	140	0.6	0.7	0.5
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	120	50	70	0.2	0.2	0.3
No religion and secular perspectives	12,875	6,645	6,235	24.5	25.9	23.2
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	52,065	25,395	26,665	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	46,115	22,585	23,535	88.6	88.9	88.3
Movers	5,945	2,810	3,135	11.4	11.1	11.8
Non-migrants	4,075	1,925	2,145	7.8	7.6	8.0
Migrants	1,870	890	985	3.6	3.5	3.7
Internal migrants	1,790	845	940	3.4	3.3	3.5
Intraprovincial migrants	1,735	815	920	3.3	3.2	3.5
Interprovincial migrants	55	35	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
External migrants	80	35	45	0.2	0.1	0.2
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	50,165	24,330	25,835	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	32,345	15,830	16,515	64.5	65.1	63.9
Movers	17,820	8,500	9,320	35.5	34.9	36.1
Non-migrants	9,015	4,240	4,770	18.0	17.4	18.5
Migrants	8,805	4,265	4,540	17.6	17.5	17.6
Internal migrants	8,105	3,910	4,195	16.2	16.1	16.2
Intraprovincial migrants	7,855	3,790	4,060	15.7	15.6	15.7
Interprovincial migrants	255	125	130	0.5	0.5	0.5
External migrants	700	350	350	1.4	1.4	1.4
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	44,545	21,545	23,000	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	7,395	4,180	3,215	16.6	19.4	14.0
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	37,145	17,365	19,785	83.4	80.6	86.0
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	26,735	12,855	13,880	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	3,045	1,905	1,140	11.4	14.8	8.2
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	23,690	10,950	12,740	88.6	85.2	91.8
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	44,545	21,540	23,005	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	6,490	3,515	2,975	14.6	16.3	12.9
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	9,170	4,275	4,895	20.6	19.8	21.3
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	28,885	13,755	15,130	64.8	63.9	65.8
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	18,755	9,415	9,335	42.1	43.7	40.6
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	7,630	4,645	2,990	17.1	21.6	13.0
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	5,700	3,105	2,590	12.8	14.4	11.3
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	1,930	1,535	395	4.3	7.1	1.7
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	9,290	4,140	5,145	20.9	19.2	22.4
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,830	635	1,195	4.1	2.9	5.2
Bachelor's degree or higher	10,135	4,340	5,795	22.8	20.1	25.2
Bachelor's degree	6,675	2,650	4,030	15.0	12.3	17.5
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	670	300	365	1.5	1.4	1.6
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	360	170	185	0.8	0.8	0.8
Master's degree	1,865	835	1,035	4.2	3.9	4.5
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	565	380	185	1.3	1.8	0.8
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	26,730	12,850	13,885	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,445	1,500	950	9.1	11.7	6.8
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	3,805	1,920	1,885	14.2	14.9	13.6
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	20,485	9,430	11,050	76.6	73.4	79.6
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	12,765	6,405	6,360	47.8	49.8	45.8
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	5,485	3,245	2,235	20.5	25.3	16.1
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	4,075	2,100	1,980	15.2	16.3	14.3
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	1,405	1,140	260	5.3	8.9	1.9
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	6,250	2,790	3,460	23.4	21.7	24.9
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,035	370	660	3.9	2.9	4.8
Bachelor's degree or higher	7,715	3,025	4,690	28.9	23.5	33.8
Bachelor's degree	4,955	1,800	3,155	18.5	14.0	22.7
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	540	230	305	2.0	1.8	2.2
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	300	115	185	1.1	0.9	1.3
Master's degree	1,480	595	885	5.5	4.6	6.4
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	445	285	160	1.7	2.2	1.2
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	44,545	21,540	23,005	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	15,660	7,785	7,875	35.2	36.1	34.2
Education	2,850	680	2,165	6.4	3.2	9.4
13. Education	2,850	680	2,165	6.4	3.2	9.4
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	685	290	390	1.5	1.3	1.7
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	75	65	10	0.2	0.3	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	605	225	380	1.4	1.0	1.7
Humanities	1,390	650	735	3.1	3.0	3.2
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	75	25	55	0.2	0.1	0.2
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	740	335	400	1.7	1.6	1.7
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	95	60	35	0.2	0.3	0.2
39. Theology and religious vocations	60	30	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
54. History	155	95	55	0.3	0.4	0.2
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	240	90	155	0.5	0.4	0.7
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,000	750	1,250	4.5	3.5	5.4
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	25	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	295	100	195	0.7	0.5	0.8
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	355	15	340	0.8	0.1	1.5
22. Legal professions and studies	240	110	130	0.5	0.5	0.6
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	50	10	40	0.1	0.0	0.2
42. Psychology	445	135	315	1.0	0.6	1.4
45. Social sciences	590	370	215	1.3	1.7	0.9
Business, management and public administration	6,575	2,105	4,470	14.8	9.8	19.4
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	770	155	615	1.7	0.7	2.7
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	5,795	1,950	3,845	13.0	9.1	16.7
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,410	795	610	3.2	3.7	2.7
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	630	295	335	1.4	1.4	1.5
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	95	75	20	0.2	0.3	0.1
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	220	115	100	0.5	0.5	0.4
40. Physical sciences	425	295	125	1.0	1.4	0.5
41. Science technologies/technicians	40	15	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	770	560	210	1.7	2.6	0.9
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	615	490	125	1.4	2.3	0.5
25. Library science	75	20	50	0.2	0.1	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	65	40	25	0.1	0.2	0.1
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	5,695	5,180	515	12.8	24.0	2.2
04. Architecture and related services	370	205	165	0.8	1.0	0.7
14. Engineering	630	525	105	1.4	2.4	0.5
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	1,315	1,155	155	3.0	5.4	0.7
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	1,475	1,450	30	3.3	6.7	0.1
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,265	1,235	25	2.8	5.7	0.1
48. Precision production	635	605	30	1.4	2.8	0.1
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,105	765	340	2.5	3.6	1.5
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	530	330	200	1.2	1.5	0.9
03. Natural resources and conservation	575	435	140	1.3	2.0	0.6
Health and related fields	4,300	875	3,425	9.7	4.1	14.9
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	245	120	125	0.6	0.6	0.5
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	3,875	670	3,200	8.7	3.1	13.9
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	180	85	100	0.4	0.4	0.4
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,090	1,100	995	4.7	5.1	4.3
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	1,165	330	845	2.6	1.5	3.7
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	415	340	75	0.9	1.6	0.3
49. Transportation and materials moving	495	420	75	1.1	1.9	0.3
Other¹⁷⁹	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	26,735	12,850	13,880	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	6,250	3,420	2,830	23.4	26.6	20.4
Education	1,730	325	1,405	6.5	2.5	10.1
13. Education	1,730	325	1,405	6.5	2.5	10.1
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	485	195	295	1.8	1.5	2.1
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	50	40	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
50. Visual and performing arts	440	155	285	1.6	1.2	2.1
Humanities	830	380	450	3.1	3.0	3.2
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	65	25	45	0.2	0.2	0.3
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	405	190	215	1.5	1.5	1.5
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	45	40	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
54. History	105	65	40	0.4	0.5	0.3
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	165	55	115	0.6	0.4	0.8
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,580	550	1,030	5.9	4.3	7.4
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	285	90	190	1.1	0.7	1.4
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	315	15	300	1.2	0.1	2.2
22. Legal professions and studies	180	75	105	0.7	0.6	0.8
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	30	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.2
42. Psychology	315	80	235	1.2	0.6	1.7
45. Social sciences	435	275	150	1.6	2.1	1.1
Business, management and public administration	4,805	1,505	3,300	18.0	11.7	23.8
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	605	110	495	2.3	0.9	3.6
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	4,195	1,400	2,795	15.7	10.9	20.1
Physical and life sciences and technologies	960	545	415	3.6	4.2	3.0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	480	210	270	1.8	1.6	1.9
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	50	45	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	60	45	15	0.2	0.4	0.1
40. Physical sciences	340	240	100	1.3	1.9	0.7
41. Science technologies/technicians	30	0	30	0.1	0.0	0.2
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	585	435	150	2.2	3.4	1.1
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	500	415	85	1.9	3.2	0.6
25. Library science	40	0	35	0.1	0.0	0.3
27. Mathematics and statistics	35	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	3,970	3,540	435	14.8	27.5	3.1
04. Architecture and related services	280	165	120	1.0	1.3	0.9
14. Engineering	455	350	100	1.7	2.7	0.7
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	935	790	145	3.5	6.1	1.0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	980	955	20	3.7	7.4	0.1
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	880	860	20	3.3	6.7	0.1
48. Precision production	440	410	30	1.6	3.2	0.2
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	885	590	295	3.3	4.6	2.1
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	415	255	160	1.6	2.0	1.2
03. Natural resources and conservation	465	330	135	1.7	2.6	1.0
Health and related fields	3,110	600	2,510	11.6	4.7	18.1
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	155	85	75	0.6	0.7	0.5
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	2,805	460	2,340	10.5	3.6	16.9
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	150	55	95	0.6	0.4	0.7
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,515	765	750	5.7	6.0	5.4
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	855	215	640	3.2	1.7	4.6
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
43. Security and protective services	295	240	55	1.1	1.9	0.4
49. Transportation and materials moving	355	300	60	1.3	2.3	0.4
Other¹⁷⁹	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	26,735	12,850	13,880	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,250	3,420	2,830	23.4	26.6	20.4
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	20,480	9,430	11,050	76.6	73.4	79.6
Location of study inside Canada	19,950	9,135	10,815	74.6	71.1	77.9
Same as province or territory of residence	19,600	8,955	10,650	73.3	69.7	76.7
Different than province or territory of residence	350	185	170	1.3	1.4	1.2
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	525	290	235	2.0	2.3	1.7
Americas	75	35	40	0.3	0.3	0.3
United States of America	35	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuba	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Europe	280	155	125	1.0	1.2	0.9
Belgium	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
France	235	135	95	0.9	1.1	0.7
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	135	90	40	0.5	0.7	0.3
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Morocco	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tunisia	15	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	75	50	25	0.3	0.4	0.2
Asia	40	15	30	0.1	0.1	0.2
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	30	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.2
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	44,545	21,545	23,005	...	...	...
In the labour force	26,485	13,100	13,390	...	...	...
Employed	24,540	12,130	12,410	...	...	...
Unemployed	1,945	965	980	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	18,055	8,445	9,615	...	...	...
Participation rate	59.5	60.8	58.2	59.5	60.8	58.2
Employment rate	55.1	56.3	53.9	55.1	56.3	53.9
Unemployment rate	7.3	7.4	7.3	7.3	7.4	7.3
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	44,545	21,540	23,005	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	17,030	7,835	9,195	38.2	36.4	40.0
Worked	27,520	13,705	13,805	61.8	63.6	60.0
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	13,905	7,150	6,750	31.2	33.2	29.3
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	13,615	6,555	7,060	30.6	30.4	30.7
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.1	41.2	40.9	41.1	41.2	40.9
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	26,490	13,100	13,385	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	475	195	285	1.8	1.5	2.1
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	26,010	12,905	13,105	98.2	98.5	97.9
Employee	23,625	11,665	11,965	89.2	89.0	89.4
Permanent position	18,920	9,370	9,545	71.4	71.5	71.3
Temporary position	4,700	2,290	2,415	17.7	17.5	18.0
Fixed term (1 year or more)	1,320	525	795	5.0	4.0	5.9
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	3,380	1,760	1,620	12.8	13.4	12.1
Self-employed¹⁹²	2,385	1,245	1,140	9.0	9.5	8.5
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	26,490	13,100	13,385	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	475	195	285	1.8	1.5	2.1
All occupations¹⁹¹	26,010	12,905	13,105	98.2	98.5	97.9
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	400	255	145	1.5	1.9	1.1
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	4,340	1,410	2,935	16.4	10.8	21.9
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	2,055	1,530	525	7.8	11.7	3.9
3 Health occupations	3,005	580	2,430	11.3	4.4	18.2
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	4,140	1,295	2,840	15.6	9.9	21.2
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	620	285	335	2.3	2.2	2.5
6 Sales and service occupations	6,745	3,295	3,445	25.5	25.2	25.7
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	3,615	3,410	205	13.6	26.0	1.5
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	590	465	130	2.2	3.5	1.0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	505	390	115	1.9	3.0	0.9
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	26,490	13,100	13,385	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	475	195	285	1.8	1.5	2.1
All industries¹⁹¹	26,010	12,905	13,105	98.2	98.5	97.9
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	665	485	180	2.5	3.7	1.3
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	120	100	15	0.5	0.8	0.1
22 Utilities	270	235	35	1.0	1.8	0.3
23 Construction	1,335	1,185	155	5.0	9.0	1.2
31-33 Manufacturing	1,155	895	265	4.4	6.8	2.0
41 Wholesale trade	515	390	130	1.9	3.0	1.0
44-45 Retail trade	3,520	1,835	1,690	13.3	14.0	12.6
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	940	815	120	3.5	6.2	0.9
51 Information and cultural industries	1,195	795	400	4.5	6.1	3.0
52 Finance and insurance	610	270	335	2.3	2.1	2.5
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	225	130	95	0.8	1.0	0.7
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,360	715	645	5.1	5.5	4.8
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	835	545	285	3.2	4.2	2.1
61 Educational services	2,735	930	1,805	10.3	7.1	13.5
62 Health care and social assistance	5,375	1,105	4,270	20.3	8.4	31.9
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	435	250	185	1.6	1.9	1.4
72 Accommodation and food services	1,375	640	730	5.2	4.9	5.5
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,310	540	775	4.9	4.1	5.8
91 Public administration	2,010	1,035	975	7.6	7.9	7.3
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	28,850	14,410	14,435	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	185	140	45	0.6	1.0	0.3
French	26,015	12,560	13,460	90.2	87.2	93.2
Non-official language	15	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	15	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
English and French	2,570	1,670	905	8.9	11.6	6.3
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	35	25	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	28,850	14,410	14,435	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	28,600	14,255	14,345	99.1	98.9	99.4
Official languages	28,585	14,240	14,345	99.1	98.8	99.4
English	480	345	135	1.7	2.4	0.9
French	28,105	13,895	14,210	97.4	96.4	98.4
Non-official languages	15	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	15	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	255	155	100	0.9	1.1	0.7
English and French	255	155	100	0.9	1.1	0.7
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	28,850	14,410	14,435	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	26,460	12,865	13,595	91.7	89.3	94.2
English	2,035	1,315	720	7.1	9.1	5.0
French	295	200	90	1.0	1.4	0.6
Non-official language	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	24,540	12,130	12,410	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	4,305	2,085	2,225	17.5	17.2	17.9
Worked outside Canada	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
No fixed workplace address	2,215	1,675	545	9.0	13.8	4.4
Usual place of work	18,010	8,370	9,635	73.4	69.0	77.6
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	18,005	8,370	9,635	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	14,060	6,240	7,820	78.1	74.6	81.2
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,705	850	855	9.5	10.2	8.9
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	2,175	1,240	935	12.1	14.8	9.7
Commute to a different province or territory	70	45	25	0.4	0.5	0.3
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	20,225	10,045	10,185	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	17,860	8,870	8,990	88.3	88.3	88.3
Car, truck or van - as a driver	16,905	8,520	8,390	83.6	84.8	82.4
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	955	350	605	4.7	3.5	5.9
Public transit	165	80	85	0.8	0.8	0.8
Walked	1,585	705	880	7.8	7.0	8.6
Bicycle	200	135	65	1.0	1.3	0.6
Other method	415	255	160	2.1	2.5	1.6
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	20,225	10,045	10,185	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	12,130	5,700	6,430	60.0	56.7	63.1
15 to 29 minutes	5,935	3,010	2,930	29.3	30.0	28.8
30 to 44 minutes	1,450	800	650	7.2	8.0	6.4
45 to 59 minutes	245	165	80	1.2	1.6	0.8
60 minutes and over	460	375	90	2.3	3.7	0.9
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	20,225	10,045	10,185	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	720	545	175	3.6	5.4	1.7
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	2,140	1,495	640	10.6	14.9	6.3
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	7,870	3,770	4,100	38.9	37.5	40.3
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	5,125	2,150	2,975	25.3	21.4	29.2
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,480	595	885	7.3	5.9	8.7
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	2,890	1,485	1,405	14.3	14.8	13.8
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	9,535	4,900	4,640	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	380	205	175	4.0	4.2	3.8
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	9,155	4,685	4,465	96.0	95.6	96.2
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	7,030	3,625	3,410	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	290	155	130	4.1	4.3	3.8
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	150	95	55	2.1	2.6	1.6
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	135	65	70	1.9	1.8	2.1
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	6,745	3,465	3,275	95.9	95.6	96.0

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
^r
revised

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 18, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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