Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Rimouski, Ville (V)More information: Quebec [Census subdivision]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	48,935	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	48,664^r	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	0.6	...	...	0.6	...	...
Total private dwellings²	24,849	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	23,470	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	144.3	...	...	144.3	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	339.13	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	48,935	23,485	25,450	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	6,970	3,585	3,390	14.2	15.3	13.3
0 to 4 years	2,060	1,050	1,005	4.2	4.5	3.9
5 to 9 years	2,425	1,240	1,190	5.0	5.3	4.7
10 to 14 years	2,485	1,290	1,195	5.1	5.5	4.7
15 to 64 years	29,155	14,175	14,975	59.6	60.4	58.8
15 to 19 years	2,265	1,145	1,125	4.6	4.9	4.4
20 to 24 years	2,675	1,340	1,335	5.5	5.7	5.2
25 to 29 years	2,810	1,365	1,445	5.7	5.8	5.7
30 to 34 years	2,715	1,400	1,320	5.5	6.0	5.2
35 to 39 years	2,855	1,395	1,460	5.8	5.9	5.7
40 to 44 years	2,955	1,475	1,480	6.0	6.3	5.8
45 to 49 years	2,620	1,260	1,365	5.4	5.4	5.4
50 to 54 years	2,560	1,235	1,325	5.2	5.3	5.2
55 to 59 years	3,485	1,630	1,865	7.1	6.9	7.3
60 to 64 years	4,200	1,940	2,260	8.6	8.3	8.9
65 years and over	12,810	5,730	7,085	26.2	24.4	27.8
65 to 69 years	4,135	1,940	2,195	8.4	8.3	8.6
70 to 74 years	3,505	1,635	1,870	7.2	7.0	7.3
75 to 79 years	2,350	1,085	1,275	4.8	4.6	5.0
80 to 84 years	1,400	600	805	2.9	2.6	3.2
85 years and over	1,410	475	940	2.9	2.0	3.7
85 to 89 years	875	325	555	1.8	1.4	2.2
90 to 94 years	415	140	280	0.8	0.6	1.1
95 to 99 years	110	20	95	0.2	0.1	0.4
100 years and over	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	14.2	15.3	13.3	14.2	15.3	13.3
15 to 64 years	59.6	60.4	58.8	59.6	60.4	58.8
65 years and over	26.2	24.4	27.8	26.2	24.4	27.8
85 years and over	2.9	2.0	3.7	2.9	2.0	3.7
Average age of the population	45.6	44.3	46.8	45.6	44.3	46.8
Median age of the population	47.2	45.2	49.2	47.2	45.2	49.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	23,470	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	11,475	...	...	48.9	...	...
Semi-detached house	2,240	...	...	9.5	...	...
Row house	580	...	...	2.5	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	1,130	...	...	4.8	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	7,225	...	...	30.8	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	490	...	...	2.1	...	...
Other single-attached house	125	...	...	0.5	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	205	...	...	0.9	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	23,470	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	9,255	...	...	39.4	...	...
2 persons	8,700	...	...	37.1	...	...
3 persons	2,495	...	...	10.6	...	...
4 persons	2,110	...	...	9.0	...	...
5 or more persons	910	...	...	3.9	...	...
Number of persons in private households	47,470	23,020	24,450	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	41,965	19,905	22,060	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	23,550	11,750	11,805	56.1	59.0	53.5
Married	11,100	5,550	5,555	26.5	27.9	25.2
Living common-law	12,450	6,205	6,250	29.7	31.2	28.3
Living common law - Never married	10,355	5,090	5,270	24.7	25.6	23.9
Living common law - Separated	105	50	55	0.3	0.3	0.2
Living common law - Divorced	1,740	955	780	4.1	4.8	3.5
Living common law - Widowed	250	105	140	0.6	0.5	0.6
Not married and not living common-law	18,410	8,155	10,250	43.9	41.0	46.5
Not married and not living common law - Never married	12,735	6,365	6,370	30.3	32.0	28.9
Not married and not living common law - Separated	430	200	235	1.0	1.0	1.1
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	2,785	995	1,795	6.6	5.0	8.1
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	2,455	600	1,855	5.9	3.0	8.4
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	13,485	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	8,330	...	...	61.8	...	...
3 persons	2,315	...	...	17.2	...	...
4 persons	2,020	...	...	15.0	...	...
5 or more persons	815	...	...	6.0	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.7	...	...	1.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	13,485	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	11,600	...	...	86.0	...	...
Married couples	5,385	...	...	39.9	...	...
With children⁶	1,530	...	...	11.3	...	...
Without children	3,860	...	...	28.6	...	...
Common-law couples	6,215	...	...	46.1	...	...
With children⁶	2,900	...	...	21.5	...	...
Without children	3,315	...	...	24.6	...	...
Total one-parent families	1,885	...	...	14.0	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	1,375	...	...	10.2	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	510	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	47,470	23,020	24,450	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	36,005	17,850	18,160	75.8	77.5	74.3
Married spouses or common-law partners	23,200	11,570	11,630	48.9	50.3	47.6
Parents in one-parent families	1,885	515	1,370	4.0	2.2	5.6
Children⁶	10,925	5,765	5,155	23.0	25.0	21.1
In a two-parent family	8,130	4,270	3,860	17.1	18.5	15.8
In a one-parent family	2,795	1,500	1,295	5.9	6.5	5.3
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	11,460	5,170	6,290	24.1	22.5	25.7
Living alone	9,255	3,995	5,255	19.5	17.4	21.5
Living with other relatives⁷	665	300	370	1.4	1.3	1.5
Living with non-relatives only	1,545	875	670	3.3	3.8	2.7
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	23,470	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	13,085	...	...	55.8	...	...
Couple-family households	11,330	...	...	48.3	...	...
With children⁶	4,335	...	...	18.5	...	...
Without children	6,995	...	...	29.8	...	...
One-parent-family households	1,760	...	...	7.5	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	95	...	...	0.4	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	20	...	...	0.1	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	240	...	...	1.0	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	780	...	...	3.3	...	...
One-person households	9,255	...	...	39.4	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	40,500	19,440	21,060	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	39,890	19,155	20,735	98.5	98.5	98.5
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,800	44,000	37,600	40,800	44,000	37,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	39,895	19,160	20,740	98.5	98.6	98.5
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,000	38,400	33,600	36,000	38,400	33,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	36,090	17,605	18,485	89.1	90.6	87.8
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	32,800	36,800	29,000	32,800	36,800	29,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	27,215	13,855	13,360	67.2	71.3	63.4
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,800	37,200	32,400	34,800	37,200	32,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	33,665	15,395	18,270	83.1	79.2	86.8
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,000	11,700	12,100	12,000	11,700	12,100
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	5,070	2,770	2,305	12.5	14.2	10.9
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,560	6,000	5,440	5,560	6,000	5,440
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	9,505	4,795	4,715	23.5	24.7	22.4
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	6,000	7,000	6,000	6,000	7,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	40,460	19,395	21,065	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	39,830	19,100	20,740	98.4	98.5	98.5
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	48,120	52,250	44,360	48,120	52,250	44,360
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	39,835	19,100	20,740	98.5	98.5	98.5
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,200	43,000	37,640	40,200	43,000	37,640
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	36,060	17,515	18,545	89.1	90.3	88.0
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,640	46,320	37,200	41,640	46,320	37,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	27,195	13,735	13,460	67.2	70.8	63.9
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,800	45,720	39,840	42,800	45,720	39,840
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	33,575	15,365	18,215	83.0	79.2	86.5
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,390	12,110	12,640	12,390	12,110	12,640
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	5,030	2,705	2,320	12.4	13.9	11.0
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,480	6,900	8,160	7,480	6,900	8,160
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	9,315	4,715	4,605	23.0	24.3	21.9
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,280	7,140	7,430	7,280	7,140	7,430
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	40,455	19,395	21,060	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	12,265	6,295	5,965	30.3	32.5	28.3
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	58,400	62,000	54,000	58,400	62,000	54,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	65,000	69,800	60,000	65,000	69,800	60,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	11,985	5,685	6,305	29.6	29.3	29.9
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	19,400	20,200	18,600	19,400	20,200	18,600
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	27,800	29,680	26,120	27,800	29,680	26,120
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	78.2	81.4	75.0	78.2	81.4	75.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	60.7	63.0	58.3	60.7	63.0	58.3
Government transfers (%)²⁰	21.7	18.6	25.0	21.7	18.6	25.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.0	1.9	2.1	2.0	1.9	2.1
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	4.3	4.0	4.7	4.3	4.0	4.7
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	3.5	3.4	3.7	3.5	3.4	3.7
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	40,505	19,445	21,060	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	610	285	320	1.5	1.5	1.5
With total income	39,895	19,155	20,740	98.5	98.5	98.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,255	980	1,280	5.7	5.1	6.2
$10,000 to $19,999	4,960	2,030	2,930	12.4	10.6	14.1
$20,000 to $29,999	6,655	2,915	3,740	16.7	15.2	18.0
$30,000 to $39,999	5,695	2,550	3,145	14.3	13.3	15.2
$40,000 to $49,999	5,495	2,585	2,910	13.8	13.5	14.0
$50,000 to $59,999	4,305	2,160	2,150	10.8	11.3	10.4
$60,000 to $69,999	2,970	1,645	1,330	7.4	8.6	6.4
$70,000 to $79,999	2,100	1,160	935	5.3	6.1	4.5
$80,000 to $89,999	1,670	900	775	4.2	4.7	3.7
$90,000 to $99,999	1,180	595	585	3.0	3.1	2.8
$100,000 and over	2,600	1,650	955	6.5	8.6	4.6
$100,000 to $149,999	1,925	1,200	725	4.8	6.3	3.5
$150,000 and over	680	450	225	1.7	2.3	1.1
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	40,505	19,445	21,060	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	600	280	325	1.5	1.4	1.5
With after-tax income	39,900	19,160	20,735	98.5	98.5	98.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,460	1,015	1,445	6.2	5.3	7.0
$10,000 to $19,999	5,190	2,170	3,020	13.0	11.3	14.6
$20,000 to $29,999	7,925	3,485	4,440	19.9	18.2	21.4
$30,000 to $39,999	7,355	3,440	3,915	18.4	18.0	18.9
$40,000 to $49,999	6,175	3,020	3,160	15.5	15.8	15.2
$50,000 to $59,999	4,060	2,270	1,795	10.2	11.8	8.7
$60,000 to $69,999	2,590	1,410	1,175	6.5	7.4	5.7
$70,000 to $79,999	1,745	880	870	4.4	4.6	4.2
$80,000 to $89,999	885	505	380	2.2	2.6	1.8
$90,000 to $99,999	535	345	190	1.3	1.8	0.9
$100,000 and over	970	620	350	2.4	3.2	1.7
$100,000 to $124,999	535	345	185	1.3	1.8	0.9
$125,000 and over	435	275	160	1.1	1.4	0.8
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	40,505	19,445	21,060	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	13,285	5,585	7,700	32.8	28.7	36.6
With employment income	27,215	13,855	13,360	67.2	71.3	63.4
Under $5,000 (including loss)	3,615	1,940	1,675	13.3	14.0	12.5
$5,000 to $9,999	2,140	975	1,160	7.9	7.0	8.7
$10,000 to $19,999	3,440	1,620	1,820	12.6	11.7	13.6
$20,000 to $29,999	2,940	1,355	1,585	10.8	9.8	11.9
$30,000 to $39,999	2,935	1,390	1,540	10.8	10.0	11.5
$40,000 to $49,999	2,755	1,325	1,430	10.1	9.6	10.7
$50,000 to $59,999	2,305	1,200	1,100	8.5	8.7	8.2
$60,000 to $69,999	1,780	1,000	780	6.5	7.2	5.8
$70,000 to $79,999	1,380	760	615	5.1	5.5	4.6
$80,000 to $89,999	1,290	635	660	4.7	4.6	4.9
$90,000 to $99,999	795	450	340	2.9	3.2	2.5
$100,000 and over	1,850	1,210	640	6.8	8.7	4.8
$100,000 to $124,999	990	625	370	3.6	4.5	2.8
$125,000 and over	860	580	275	3.2	4.2	2.1
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	40,500	19,440	21,060	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	39,385	18,880	20,510	97.2	97.1	97.4
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,400	42,400	34,800	38,400	42,400	34,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	39,415	18,880	20,535	97.3	97.1	97.5
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,000	36,800	31,200	34,000	36,800	31,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	35,610	17,355	18,255	87.9	89.3	86.7
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	33,200	38,000	29,400	33,200	38,000	29,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	27,570	13,925	13,640	68.1	71.6	64.8
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,800	38,000	32,000	34,800	38,000	32,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	31,280	14,095	17,185	77.2	72.5	81.6
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,100	8,600	9,500	9,100	8,600	9,500
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	5,055	2,780	2,275	12.5	14.3	10.8
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,080	5,320	4,680	5,080	5,320	4,680
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	40,460	19,395	21,065	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	39,350	18,850	20,495	97.3	97.2	97.3
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	46,080	51,040	41,560	46,080	51,040	41,560
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	39,380	18,860	20,525	97.3	97.2	97.4
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,280	41,720	35,120	38,280	41,720	35,120
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	35,530	17,310	18,230	87.8	89.2	86.5
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,240	47,640	37,120	42,240	47,640	37,120
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	27,605	13,855	13,750	68.2	71.4	65.3
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,440	46,240	38,640	42,440	46,240	38,640
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	31,030	13,910	17,120	76.7	71.7	81.3
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,070	9,860	10,250	10,070	9,860	10,250
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	5,055	2,775	2,280	12.5	14.3	10.8
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,940	6,410	7,580	6,940	6,410	7,580
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	40,455	19,395	21,060	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	12,220	6,275	5,940	30.2	32.4	28.2
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	54,800	59,200	50,000	54,800	59,200	50,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	61,250	66,800	55,400	61,250	66,800	55,400
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	11,410	5,380	6,035	28.2	27.7	28.7
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	22,400	25,400	20,400	22,400	25,400	20,400
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	31,240	34,240	28,560	31,240	34,240	28,560
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	82.8	85.8	79.4	82.8	85.8	79.4
Employment income (%)	64.6	66.6	62.4	64.6	66.6	62.4
Government transfers (%)	17.2	14.2	20.6	17.2	14.2	20.6
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.9	1.9	2.0	1.9	1.9	2.0
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	23,470	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	66,000	...	...	66,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	58,000	...	...	58,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	9,255	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	36,000	...	...	36,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	32,400	...	...	32,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	14,215	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	93,000	...	...	93,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	80,000	...	...	80,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	23,470	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	81,700	...	...	81,700	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	68,200	...	...	68,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	9,295	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	43,400	...	...	43,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	36,960	...	...	36,960	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	14,175	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	106,800	...	...	106,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	88,700	...	...	88,700	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	23,470	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	140	...	...	0.6	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	145	...	...	0.6	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	395	...	...	1.7	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	665	...	...	2.8	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,620	...	...	6.9	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	975	...	...	4.2	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,060	...	...	4.5	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,290	...	...	5.5	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,205	...	...	5.1	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,170	...	...	5.0	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,015	...	...	8.6	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,750	...	...	7.5	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,605	...	...	6.8	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,495	...	...	6.4	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,240	...	...	5.3	...	...
$100,000 and over	6,705	...	...	28.6	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,405	...	...	10.2	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,605	...	...	6.8	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,640	...	...	7.0	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,055	...	...	4.5	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	23,470	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	160	...	...	0.7	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	150	...	...	0.6	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	400	...	...	1.7	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	705	...	...	3.0	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,730	...	...	7.4	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,250	...	...	5.3	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,395	...	...	5.9	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,535	...	...	6.5	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,445	...	...	6.2	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,185	...	...	5.0	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,265	...	...	9.7	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,045	...	...	8.7	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,835	...	...	7.8	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,545	...	...	6.6	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,185	...	...	5.0	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,640	...	...	19.8	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,175	...	...	9.3	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,205	...	...	5.1	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,255	...	...	5.3	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	13,620	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	94,000	...	...	94,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	80,000	...	...	80,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	7,045	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	82,000	...	...	82,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	71,000	...	...	71,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	4,435	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	136,000	...	...	136,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	113,000	...	...	113,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,860	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	69,000	...	...	69,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	62,000	...	...	62,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.5	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	10,795	4,870	5,925	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	34,800	35,600	34,000	34,800	35,600	34,000
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	31,600	32,000	31,200	31,600	32,000	31,200
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	13,610	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	107,900	...	...	107,900	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	89,500	...	...	89,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	7,065	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	90,400	...	...	90,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	76,100	...	...	76,100	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	4,395	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	149,600	...	...	149,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	120,600	...	...	120,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,865	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	78,900	...	...	78,900	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	68,400	...	...	68,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	10,730	4,765	5,960	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	41,800	43,280	40,640	41,800	43,280	40,640
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	35,760	36,560	35,120	35,760	36,560	35,120
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	47,465	23,015	24,450	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	8,250	4,230	4,020	17.4	18.4	16.4
0 to 5 years	2,515	1,275	1,235	5.3	5.5	5.1
18 to 64 years	27,710	13,420	14,290	58.4	58.3	58.4
65 years and over	11,505	5,365	6,140	24.2	23.3	25.1
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	5,845	2,665	3,185	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	595	340	255	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	185	95	90	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	2,995	1,475	1,520	...	...	...
65 years and over	2,260	855	1,405	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	12.3	11.6	13.0	12.3	11.6	13.0
0 to 17 years (%)	7.2	8.0	6.4	7.2	8.0	6.4
0 to 5 years (%)	7.4	7.5	7.3	7.4	7.5	7.3
18 to 64 years (%)	10.8	11.0	10.6	10.8	11.0	10.6
65 years and over (%)	19.6	15.9	22.9	19.6	15.9	22.9
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	47,470	23,020	24,450	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	8,250	4,230	4,020	17.4	18.4	16.4
0 to 5 years	2,510	1,275	1,240	5.3	5.5	5.1
18 to 64 years	27,715	13,425	14,290	58.4	58.3	58.4
65 years and over	11,505	5,365	6,140	24.2	23.3	25.1
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	1,970	1,010	960	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	155	75	80	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	45	25	25	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	1,660	875	785	...	...	...
65 years and over	155	60	95	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	4.2	4.4	3.9	4.2	4.4	3.9
0 to 17 years (%)	1.9	1.8	2.0	1.9	1.8	2.0
0 to 5 years (%)	1.9	1.7	2.2	1.9	1.7	2.2
18 to 64 years (%)	6.0	6.5	5.5	6.0	6.5	5.5
65 years and over (%)	1.4	1.2	1.5	1.4	1.2	1.5
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	47,470	23,015	24,450	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	27,300	12,910	14,390	57.5	56.1	58.9
In bottom decile	4,980	2,315	2,660	10.5	10.1	10.9
In second decile	5,255	2,425	2,830	11.1	10.5	11.6
In third decile	5,465	2,580	2,885	11.5	11.2	11.8
In fourth decile	5,875	2,780	3,095	12.4	12.1	12.7
In fifth decile	5,720	2,805	2,915	12.0	12.2	11.9
In top half of the distribution	20,170	10,110	10,060	42.5	43.9	41.1
In sixth decile	5,540	2,750	2,785	11.7	11.9	11.4
In seventh decile	4,800	2,375	2,420	10.1	10.3	9.9
In eighth decile	4,265	2,155	2,115	9.0	9.4	8.7
In ninth decile	3,335	1,685	1,655	7.0	7.3	6.8
In top decile	2,230	1,140	1,090	4.7	5.0	4.5
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	47,470	...	...	47,470	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.302	...	...	0.302	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.428	...	...	0.428	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.258	...	...	0.258	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.3	...	...	3.3	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	48,625	23,335	25,295	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	55	35	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
French only	34,915	15,685	19,225	71.8	67.2	76.0
English and French	13,620	7,595	6,030	28.0	32.5	23.8
Neither English nor French	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	48,625	23,335	25,295	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	420	195	225	0.9	0.8	0.9
French	48,045	23,050	24,995	98.8	98.8	98.8
English and French	130	70	60	0.3	0.3	0.2
Neither English nor French	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	48,625	23,335	25,295	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	48,265	23,115	25,155	99.3	99.1	99.4
Official languages	47,620	22,755	24,860	97.9	97.5	98.3
English	375	175	205	0.8	0.7	0.8
French	47,245	22,585	24,660	97.2	96.8	97.5
Non-official languages	650	355	290	1.3	1.5	1.1
Indigenous languages³⁹	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	640	350	290	1.3	1.5	1.1
Afro-Asiatic languages	140	90	50	0.3	0.4	0.2
Berber languages	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	120	80	40	0.2	0.3	0.2
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	120	80	40	0.2	0.3	0.2
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Haitian Creole	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	255	135	115	0.5	0.6	0.5
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	30	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	30	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	185	100	85	0.4	0.4	0.3
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	10	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	130	75	60	0.3	0.3	0.2
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	125	70	50	0.3	0.3	0.2
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	60	30	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	20	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	35	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages	35	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	20	5	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	360	220	145	0.7	0.9	0.6
English and French	230	140	90	0.5	0.6	0.4
English and non-official language(s)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	105	65	40	0.2	0.3	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	48,625	23,335	25,295	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	140	70	70	0.3	0.3	0.3
French	46,715	22,285	24,430	96.1	95.5	96.6
Non-official language	135	70	60	0.3	0.3	0.2
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	135	70	60	0.3	0.3	0.2
English and French	1,050	600	450	2.2	2.6	1.8
English and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	435	230	210	0.9	1.0	0.8
English, French and non-official language(s)	125	65	65	0.3	0.3	0.3
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	48,625	23,335	25,295	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	48,330	23,175	25,160	99.4	99.3	99.5
Official languages	48,035	23,020	25,020	98.8	98.7	98.9
English	230	115	115	0.5	0.5	0.5
French	47,810	22,900	24,905	98.3	98.1	98.5
Non-official languages	295	155	135	0.6	0.7	0.5
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	290	155	135	0.6	0.7	0.5
Afro-Asiatic languages	45	30	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Berber languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	40	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	40	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	10	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	120	60	60	0.2	0.3	0.2
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	100	55	50	0.2	0.2	0.2
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	75	40	35	0.2	0.2	0.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	55	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	40	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Chinese languages	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	295	160	135	0.6	0.7	0.5
English and French	170	85	85	0.3	0.4	0.3
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	110	60	45	0.2	0.3	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	48,625	23,335	25,295	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	47,250	22,565	24,680	97.2	96.7	97.6
English	835	495	340	1.7	2.1	1.3
French	195	95	100	0.4	0.4	0.4
Non-official language	210	100	115	0.4	0.4	0.5
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	215	100	110	0.4	0.4	0.4
English and French	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	70	35	40	0.1	0.1	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	30	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	47,470	23,010	24,460	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	47,430	22,985	24,440	99.9	99.9	99.9
English	13,555	7,590	5,965	28.6	33.0	24.4
French	47,375	22,950	24,425	99.8	99.7	99.9
Non-official languages	2,200	1,090	1,115	4.6	4.7	4.6
Indigenous languages³⁹	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	2,200	1,085	1,115	4.6	4.7	4.6
Afro-Asiatic languages	270	165	110	0.6	0.7	0.4
Berber languages	35	25	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Kabyle	20	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	35	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	30	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	230	130	90	0.5	0.6	0.4
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	220	130	90	0.5	0.6	0.4
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	75	35	45	0.2	0.2	0.2
Haitian Creole	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	35	25	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,500	710	795	3.2	3.1	3.3
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	95	60	30	0.2	0.3	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	95	60	30	0.2	0.3	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Russian	40	25	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	30	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	125	55	70	0.3	0.2	0.3
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	90	40	55	0.2	0.2	0.2
German	90	40	55	0.2	0.2	0.2
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,325	615	705	2.8	2.7	2.9
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	100	40	60	0.2	0.2	0.2
Portuguese	110	55	55	0.2	0.2	0.2
Romanian	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	1,150	540	615	2.4	2.3	2.5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	265	145	120	0.6	0.6	0.5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	35	30	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	145	70	65	0.3	0.3	0.3
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	50	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	80	60	25	0.2	0.3	0.1
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	75	30	55	0.2	0.1	0.2
Chinese languages	75	20	55	0.2	0.1	0.2
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	55	15	40	0.1	0.1	0.2
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	47,470	23,005	24,460	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	810	390	420	1.7	1.7	1.7
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	735	340	390	1.5	1.5	1.6
First Nations (North American Indian)	385	165	220	0.8	0.7	0.9
Métis	345	175	175	0.7	0.8	0.7
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	60	35	25	0.1	0.2	0.1
Non-Indigenous identity	46,660	22,620	24,040	98.3	98.3	98.3
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	47,470	23,005	24,460	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	265	145	115	0.6	0.6	0.5
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	47,205	22,860	24,345	99.4	99.4	99.5
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	23,470	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	14,465	...	...	61.6	...	...
Renter	9,005	...	...	38.4	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	23,470	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	2,295	...	...	9.8	...	...
Not condominium	21,175	...	...	90.2	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	23,470	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	265	...	...	1.1	...	...
1 bedroom	3,395	...	...	14.5	...	...
2 bedrooms	6,685	...	...	28.5	...	...
3 bedrooms	7,545	...	...	32.1	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	5,580	...	...	23.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	23,470	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	7,815	...	...	33.3	...	...
5 rooms	3,135	...	...	13.4	...	...
6 rooms	2,530	...	...	10.8	...	...
7 rooms	2,680	...	...	11.4	...	...
8 or more rooms	7,305	...	...	31.1	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.2	...	...	6.2	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	23,470	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	23,430	...	...	99.8	...	...
More than one person per room	35	...	...	0.1	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	23,470	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	23,275	...	...	99.2	...	...
Not suitable	195	...	...	0.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	23,470	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	4,630	...	...	19.7	...	...
1961 to 1980	8,075	...	...	34.4	...	...
1981 to 1990	3,570	...	...	15.2	...	...
1991 to 2000	2,535	...	...	10.8	...	...
2001 to 2005	785	...	...	3.3	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,225	...	...	5.2	...	...
2011 to 2015	1,695	...	...	7.2	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	960	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	23,470	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	22,415	...	...	95.5	...	...
Major repairs needed	1,055	...	...	4.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	23,470	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	13,660	...	...	58.2	...	...
Two-maintainer household	9,505	...	...	40.5	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	305	...	...	1.3	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	23,470	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	1,040	...	...	4.4	...	...
25 to 34 years	3,095	...	...	13.2	...	...
35 to 44 years	3,575	...	...	15.2	...	...
45 to 54 years	3,245	...	...	13.8	...	...
55 to 64 years	4,700	...	...	20.0	...	...
65 to 74 years	4,935	...	...	21.0	...	...
75 to 84 years	2,365	...	...	10.1	...	...
85 years and over	515	...	...	2.2	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	23,375	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	20,445	...	...	87.5	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	2,925	...	...	12.5	...	...
30% to less than 100%	2,770	...	...	11.9	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	23,470	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	4,020	...	...	17.1	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	2,780	...	...	11.8	...	...
Not suitable only	170	...	...	0.7	...	...
Major repairs needed only	915	...	...	3.9	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	15	...	...	0.1	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	125	...	...	0.5	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	10	...	...	0.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	19,445	...	...	82.9	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	23,215	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	775	...	...	3.3	...	...
Not in core need	22,450	...	...	96.7	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	14,425	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	58.0	...	...	58.0	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	6.3	...	...	6.3	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.7	...	...	0.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	890	...	...	890	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	954	...	...	954	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	224,000	...	...	224,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	243,600	...	...	243,600	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	8,985	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	13.4	...	...	13.4	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	22.6	...	...	22.6	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	7.5	...	...	7.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	685	...	...	685	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	707	...	...	707	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	47,465	23,005	24,460	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	845	400	445	1.8	1.7	1.8
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	825	385	435	1.7	1.7	1.8
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	595	265	325	1.3	1.2	1.3
Métis single ancestry	205	110	90	0.4	0.5	0.4
Inuit single ancestry	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	20	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	20	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	1,175	560	615	2.5	2.4	2.5
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	1,165	550	615	2.5	2.4	2.5
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	1,060	480	580	2.2	2.1	2.4
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	100	70	30	0.2	0.3	0.1
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	45,450	22,050	23,405	95.8	95.8	95.7
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	47,465	23,010	24,465	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	46,505	22,520	23,980	98.0	97.9	98.0
Canadian citizens aged under 18	8,190	4,230	3,955	17.3	18.4	16.2
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	38,315	18,295	20,025	80.7	79.5	81.9
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	965	485	480	2.0	2.1	2.0
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	47,465	23,010	24,465	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	45,835	22,135	23,695	96.6	96.2	96.9
Immigrants⁸¹	1,155	650	505	2.4	2.8	2.1
Before 1980	110	75	35	0.2	0.3	0.1
1980 to 1990	70	40	35	0.1	0.2	0.1
1991 to 2000	165	85	80	0.3	0.4	0.3
2001 to 2010	300	145	155	0.6	0.6	0.6
2011 to 2021⁸²	515	305	200	1.1	1.3	0.8
2011 to 2015	150	95	50	0.3	0.4	0.2
2016 to 2021	365	215	150	0.8	0.9	0.6
Non-permanent residents⁸³	480	225	260	1.0	1.0	1.1
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	1,155	650	505	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	165	100	65	14.3	15.4	12.9
5 to 14 years	215	130	85	18.6	20.0	16.8
15 to 24 years	170	80	90	14.7	12.3	17.8
25 to 44 years	525	290	240	45.5	44.6	47.5
45 years and over	75	50	30	6.5	7.7	5.9
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	1,155	650	505	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	185	85	105	16.0	13.1	20.8
Brazil	10	0	0	0.9	0.0	0.0
Colombia	40	20	20	3.5	3.1	4.0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	30	0	25	2.6	0.0	5.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	25	15	0	2.2	2.3	0.0
Peru	10	0	10	0.9	0.0	2.0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	15	0	15	1.3	0.0	3.0
Other places of birth in Americas	75	40	30	6.5	6.2	5.9
Europe	470	280	195	40.7	43.1	38.6
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	330	205	125	28.6	31.5	24.8
Germany	10	0	10	0.9	0.0	2.0
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	10	0	0	0.9	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	15	0	10	1.3	0.0	2.0
Portugal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	70	40	35	6.1	6.2	6.9
Africa	420	245	170	36.4	37.7	33.7
Algeria	35	15	15	3.0	2.3	3.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	85	40	45	7.4	6.2	8.9
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	45	30	15	3.9	4.6	3.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	240	150	95	20.8	23.1	18.8
Asia	70	40	35	6.1	6.2	6.9
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	10	10	0	0.9	1.5	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	35	0	30	3.0	0.0	5.9
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	10	10	0	0.9	1.5	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	10	10	0	0.9	1.5	0.0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	370	215	150	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	65	45	25	17.6	20.9	16.7
Brazil	10	0	0	2.7	0.0	0.0
Colombia	25	10	10	6.8	4.7	6.7
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	20	15	0	5.4	7.0	0.0
Europe	50	30	25	13.5	14.0	16.7
France	45	30	20	12.2	14.0	13.3
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	235	140	90	63.5	65.1	60.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	35	15	15	9.5	7.0	10.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	80	35	40	21.6	16.3	26.7
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	15	0	0	4.1	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	90	70	20	24.3	32.6	13.3
Asia	10	0	0	2.7	0.0	0.0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	47,470	23,010	24,460	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	1,800	945	855	3.8	4.1	3.5
Second generation¹⁰¹	1,045	480	555	2.2	2.1	2.3
Third generation or more¹⁰²	44,625	21,580	23,045	94.0	93.8	94.2
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	1,045	575	470	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	540	320	215	51.7	55.7	45.7
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	310	195	120	29.7	33.9	25.5
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	230	130	95	22.0	22.6	20.2
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	265	110	155	25.4	19.1	33.0
Refugees¹⁰⁸	235	140	100	22.5	24.3	21.3
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	10	0	0	1.0	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	1,045	575	470	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	15	0	10	1.4	0.0	2.1
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	95	50	40	9.1	8.7	8.5
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	60	40	20	5.7	7.0	4.3
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	140	80	65	13.4	13.9	13.8
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	10	0	0	1.0	0.0	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	725	395	330	69.4	68.7	70.2
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	47,470	23,005	24,460	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	1,205	595	615	2.5	2.6	2.5
South Asian	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese	135	30	105	0.3	0.1	0.4
Black	620	315	310	1.3	1.4	1.3
Filipino	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arab	190	125	65	0.4	0.5	0.3
Latin American	155	70	80	0.3	0.3	0.3
Southeast Asian	45	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple visible minorities	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	46,260	22,415	23,850	97.5	97.4	97.5
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	47,470	23,010	24,460	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	18,575	8,825	9,750	39.1	38.4	39.9
English	555	295	260	1.2	1.3	1.1
Irish	1,500	725	775	3.2	3.2	3.2
Scottish	720	370	355	1.5	1.6	1.5
French, n.o.s.¹²²	12,895	6,350	6,545	27.2	27.6	26.8
German	505	230	275	1.1	1.0	1.1
Chinese	125	20	110	0.3	0.1	0.4
Italian	310	180	125	0.7	0.8	0.5
Indian (India)	40	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ukrainian	25	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Dutch	60	25	40	0.1	0.1	0.2
Polish	55	30	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Québécois	7,240	3,480	3,765	15.3	15.1	15.4
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	45	30	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Filipino	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French Canadian	4,845	2,275	2,565	10.2	9.9	10.5
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	1,130	545	590	2.4	2.4	2.4
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	720	350	365	1.5	1.5	1.5
Métis	335	205	130	0.7	0.9	0.5
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	560	265	295	1.2	1.2	1.2
Russian	45	30	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Norwegian	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Welsh	25	10	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Portuguese	65	35	35	0.1	0.2	0.1
American	165	85	80	0.3	0.4	0.3
Spanish	120	75	50	0.3	0.3	0.2
Swedish	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Acadian	1,185	570	620	2.5	2.5	2.5
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	115	50	65	0.2	0.2	0.3
Jewish	50	30	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	30	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	45	30	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Greek	20	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Jamaican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	25	10	10	0.1	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	60	15	40	0.1	0.1	0.2
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanese	50	30	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	455	215	245	1.0	0.9	1.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	165	70	95	0.3	0.3	0.4
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belgian	115	55	60	0.2	0.2	0.2
Haitian	55	10	45	0.1	0.0	0.2
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mennonite	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	105	50	50	0.2	0.2	0.2
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	300	130	180	0.6	0.6	0.7
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombian	30	20	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Moroccan	60	30	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syrian	20	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	20	20	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Serbian	35	10	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
Ojibway	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Brazilian	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	25	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
Algonquin	55	30	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	95	50	45	0.2	0.2	0.2
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	35	25	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	50	30	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
New Brunswicker	40	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	35	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	115	40	75	0.2	0.2	0.3
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	60	20	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	50	30	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	50	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Moldovan	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	20	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	80	40	45	0.2	0.2	0.2
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	35	25	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	35	25	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	210	120	90	0.4	0.5	0.4
Norman	110	50	60	0.2	0.2	0.2
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	50	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Saulteaux	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	30	10	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	25	20	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	25	10	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	15	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	130	50	80	0.3	0.2	0.3
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	47,470	23,005	24,460	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	55	20	40	0.1	0.1	0.2
Christian	35,220	16,720	18,500	74.2	72.7	75.6
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	2,515	1,240	1,280	5.3	5.4	5.2
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baptist	35	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Catholic	32,140	15,205	16,935	67.7	66.1	69.2
Christian Orthodox	35	25	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Jehovah's Witness	95	45	50	0.2	0.2	0.2
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lutheran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	145	70	80	0.3	0.3	0.3
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	200	90	115	0.4	0.4	0.5
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	35	25	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Muslim	305	170	140	0.6	0.7	0.6
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	105	45	60	0.2	0.2	0.2
No religion and secular perspectives	11,735	6,030	5,705	24.7	26.2	23.3
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	47,090	22,785	24,300	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	41,500	20,165	21,330	88.1	88.5	87.8
Movers	5,585	2,620	2,965	11.9	11.5	12.2
Non-migrants	3,965	1,860	2,105	8.4	8.2	8.7
Migrants	1,620	755	865	3.4	3.3	3.6
Internal migrants	1,540	720	820	3.3	3.2	3.4
Intraprovincial migrants	1,495	695	800	3.2	3.1	3.3
Interprovincial migrants	45	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
External migrants	80	35	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	45,375	21,845	23,530	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	28,910	14,020	14,890	63.7	64.2	63.3
Movers	16,465	7,820	8,640	36.3	35.8	36.7
Non-migrants	8,740	4,095	4,650	19.3	18.7	19.8
Migrants	7,720	3,730	3,990	17.0	17.1	17.0
Internal migrants	7,030	3,380	3,650	15.5	15.5	15.5
Intraprovincial migrants	6,790	3,270	3,525	15.0	15.0	15.0
Interprovincial migrants	235	110	125	0.5	0.5	0.5
External migrants	690	350	345	1.5	1.6	1.5
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	40,455	19,395	21,060	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	6,470	3,600	2,870	16.0	18.6	13.6
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	33,990	15,795	18,195	84.0	81.4	86.4
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	24,055	11,435	12,615	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	2,580	1,580	1,000	10.7	13.8	7.9
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	21,475	9,855	11,620	89.3	86.2	92.1
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	40,460	19,395	21,065	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	5,675	3,025	2,645	14.0	15.6	12.6
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	8,475	3,920	4,550	20.9	20.2	21.6
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	26,310	12,450	13,865	65.0	64.2	65.8
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	16,775	8,320	8,460	41.5	42.9	40.2
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	6,590	3,950	2,635	16.3	20.4	12.5
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	4,955	2,685	2,265	12.2	13.8	10.8
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	1,635	1,260	365	4.0	6.5	1.7
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	8,490	3,775	4,720	21.0	19.5	22.4
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,700	595	1,110	4.2	3.1	5.3
Bachelor's degree or higher	9,535	4,130	5,405	23.6	21.3	25.7
Bachelor's degree	6,200	2,505	3,695	15.3	12.9	17.5
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	630	280	350	1.6	1.4	1.7
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	360	170	185	0.9	0.9	0.9
Master's degree	1,790	800	990	4.4	4.1	4.7
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	555	370	185	1.4	1.9	0.9
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	24,050	11,435	12,620	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,075	1,255	825	8.6	11.0	6.5
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	3,460	1,755	1,710	14.4	15.3	13.5
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	18,515	8,430	10,090	77.0	73.7	80.0
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	11,300	5,560	5,740	47.0	48.6	45.5
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	4,655	2,695	1,960	19.4	23.6	15.5
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	3,500	1,780	1,725	14.6	15.6	13.7
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	1,155	920	240	4.8	8.0	1.9
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	5,685	2,525	3,160	23.6	22.1	25.0
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	965	340	620	4.0	3.0	4.9
Bachelor's degree or higher	7,215	2,865	4,350	30.0	25.1	34.5
Bachelor's degree	4,555	1,695	2,860	18.9	14.8	22.7
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	510	210	300	2.1	1.8	2.4
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	300	115	185	1.2	1.0	1.5
Master's degree	1,420	575	840	5.9	5.0	6.7
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	430	270	160	1.8	2.4	1.3
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	40,460	19,395	21,065	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	14,150	6,950	7,195	35.0	35.8	34.2
Education	2,585	635	1,950	6.4	3.3	9.3
13. Education	2,585	635	1,950	6.4	3.3	9.3
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	635	275	360	1.6	1.4	1.7
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	70	55	10	0.2	0.3	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	565	215	350	1.4	1.1	1.7
Humanities	1,320	615	705	3.3	3.2	3.3
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	75	25	55	0.2	0.1	0.3
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	695	315	385	1.7	1.6	1.8
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	90	55	30	0.2	0.3	0.1
39. Theology and religious vocations	60	30	25	0.1	0.2	0.1
54. History	155	95	55	0.4	0.5	0.3
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	230	90	140	0.6	0.5	0.7
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,885	725	1,165	4.7	3.7	5.5
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	275	95	185	0.7	0.5	0.9
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	325	15	310	0.8	0.1	1.5
22. Legal professions and studies	230	105	125	0.6	0.5	0.6
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	45	10	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
42. Psychology	420	135	290	1.0	0.7	1.4
45. Social sciences	570	360	210	1.4	1.9	1.0
Business, management and public administration	6,060	1,995	4,060	15.0	10.3	19.3
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	695	140	550	1.7	0.7	2.6
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	5,365	1,855	3,510	13.3	9.6	16.7
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,295	725	565	3.2	3.7	2.7
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	580	270	310	1.4	1.4	1.5
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	75	55	20	0.2	0.3	0.1
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	205	110	95	0.5	0.6	0.5
40. Physical sciences	395	280	115	1.0	1.4	0.5
41. Science technologies/technicians	40	15	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	700	515	190	1.7	2.7	0.9
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	560	445	110	1.4	2.3	0.5
25. Library science	70	20	45	0.2	0.1	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	60	40	25	0.1	0.2	0.1
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	4,965	4,505	465	12.3	23.2	2.2
04. Architecture and related services	330	190	140	0.8	1.0	0.7
14. Engineering	605	500	100	1.5	2.6	0.5
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	1,175	1,025	150	2.9	5.3	0.7
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	1,255	1,225	25	3.1	6.3	0.1
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,070	1,050	20	2.6	5.4	0.1
48. Precision production	540	510	25	1.3	2.6	0.1
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	925	620	305	2.3	3.2	1.4
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	420	250	170	1.0	1.3	0.8
03. Natural resources and conservation	510	375	130	1.3	1.9	0.6
Health and related fields	4,005	840	3,165	9.9	4.3	15.0
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	240	120	120	0.6	0.6	0.6
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	3,585	640	2,950	8.9	3.3	14.0
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	180	85	100	0.4	0.4	0.5
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,900	990	910	4.7	5.1	4.3
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	1,065	290	775	2.6	1.5	3.7
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
43. Security and protective services	380	310	70	0.9	1.6	0.3
49. Transportation and materials moving	440	375	65	1.1	1.9	0.3
Other¹⁷⁹	20	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	24,055	11,435	12,620	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	5,540	3,005	2,530	23.0	26.3	20.0
Education	1,550	305	1,245	6.4	2.7	9.9
13. Education	1,550	305	1,245	6.4	2.7	9.9
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	460	185	275	1.9	1.6	2.2
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	50	40	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
50. Visual and performing arts	410	145	260	1.7	1.3	2.1
Humanities	785	360	435	3.3	3.1	3.4
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	65	25	45	0.3	0.2	0.4
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	390	175	215	1.6	1.5	1.7
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	35	35	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
54. History	105	65	40	0.4	0.6	0.3
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	155	55	100	0.6	0.5	0.8
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,480	525	950	6.2	4.6	7.5
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	265	85	180	1.1	0.7	1.4
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	285	15	270	1.2	0.1	2.1
22. Legal professions and studies	180	75	105	0.7	0.7	0.8
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	25	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.2
42. Psychology	295	80	210	1.2	0.7	1.7
45. Social sciences	415	265	145	1.7	2.3	1.1
Business, management and public administration	4,400	1,420	2,980	18.3	12.4	23.6
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	535	95	440	2.2	0.8	3.5
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,855	1,320	2,535	16.0	11.5	20.1
Physical and life sciences and technologies	890	495	395	3.7	4.3	3.1
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	440	190	255	1.8	1.7	2.0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	45	40	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	60	45	15	0.2	0.4	0.1
40. Physical sciences	315	220	90	1.3	1.9	0.7
41. Science technologies/technicians	30	0	30	0.1	0.0	0.2
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	530	400	125	2.2	3.5	1.0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	455	380	80	1.9	3.3	0.6
25. Library science	40	0	35	0.2	0.0	0.3
27. Mathematics and statistics	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	3,405	3,015	395	14.2	26.4	3.1
04. Architecture and related services	250	150	100	1.0	1.3	0.8
14. Engineering	440	340	95	1.8	3.0	0.8
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	840	700	140	3.5	6.1	1.1
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	805	785	20	3.3	6.9	0.2
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	720	705	15	3.0	6.2	0.1
48. Precision production	355	330	25	1.5	2.9	0.2
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	735	475	265	3.1	4.2	2.1
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	330	195	135	1.4	1.7	1.1
03. Natural resources and conservation	405	280	130	1.7	2.4	1.0
Health and related fields	2,890	575	2,310	12.0	5.0	18.3
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	150	75	75	0.6	0.7	0.6
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	2,590	440	2,145	10.8	3.8	17.0
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	150	55	95	0.6	0.5	0.8
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,370	675	695	5.7	5.9	5.5
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	790	195	595	3.3	1.7	4.7
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
43. Security and protective services	265	215	50	1.1	1.9	0.4
49. Transportation and materials moving	305	255	50	1.3	2.2	0.4
Other¹⁷⁹	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	24,055	11,435	12,620	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	5,540	3,005	2,530	23.0	26.3	20.0
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	18,520	8,425	10,085	77.0	73.7	79.9
Location of study inside Canada	18,020	8,155	9,860	74.9	71.3	78.1
Same as province or territory of residence	17,690	7,990	9,705	73.5	69.9	76.9
Different than province or territory of residence	325	170	155	1.4	1.5	1.2
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	500	270	230	2.1	2.4	1.8
Americas	60	25	40	0.2	0.2	0.3
United States of America	25	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Europe	260	140	120	1.1	1.2	1.0
Belgium	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
France	220	125	90	0.9	1.1	0.7
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	135	90	40	0.6	0.8	0.3
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Morocco	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tunisia	15	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	75	50	25	0.3	0.4	0.2
Asia	40	15	30	0.2	0.1	0.2
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	30	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.2
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	40,460	19,395	21,065	...	...	...
In the labour force	23,865	11,715	12,150	...	...	...
Employed	22,050	10,815	11,235	...	...	...
Unemployed	1,820	900	920	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	16,590	7,680	8,915	...	...	...
Participation rate	59.0	60.4	57.7	59.0	60.4	57.7
Employment rate	54.5	55.8	53.3	54.5	55.8	53.3
Unemployment rate	7.6	7.7	7.6	7.6	7.7	7.6
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	40,460	19,395	21,065	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	15,710	7,150	8,565	38.8	36.9	40.7
Worked	24,750	12,250	12,500	61.2	63.2	59.3
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	12,400	6,370	6,025	30.6	32.8	28.6
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	12,350	5,880	6,470	30.5	30.3	30.7
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.0	41.2	40.9	41.0	41.2	40.9
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	23,870	11,720	12,150	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	455	185	275	1.9	1.6	2.3
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	23,410	11,535	11,875	98.1	98.4	97.7
Employee	21,260	10,455	10,810	89.1	89.2	89.0
Permanent position	17,010	8,380	8,635	71.3	71.5	71.1
Temporary position	4,250	2,070	2,175	17.8	17.7	17.9
Fixed term (1 year or more)	1,230	515	715	5.2	4.4	5.9
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	3,015	1,555	1,460	12.6	13.3	12.0
Self-employed¹⁹²	2,150	1,075	1,070	9.0	9.2	8.8
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	23,870	11,720	12,150	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	455	185	275	1.9	1.6	2.3
All occupations¹⁹¹	23,410	11,535	11,875	98.1	98.4	97.7
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	355	230	130	1.5	2.0	1.1
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	3,965	1,315	2,650	16.6	11.2	21.8
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,840	1,375	465	7.7	11.7	3.8
3 Health occupations	2,800	555	2,245	11.7	4.7	18.5
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	3,755	1,200	2,555	15.7	10.2	21.0
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	595	285	310	2.5	2.4	2.6
6 Sales and service occupations	6,230	3,080	3,145	26.1	26.3	25.9
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	3,055	2,870	185	12.8	24.5	1.5
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	390	280	110	1.6	2.4	0.9
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	425	340	90	1.8	2.9	0.7
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	23,870	11,720	12,150	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	455	185	275	1.9	1.6	2.3
All industries¹⁹¹	23,410	11,535	11,875	98.1	98.4	97.7
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	455	305	150	1.9	2.6	1.2
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	110	95	15	0.5	0.8	0.1
22 Utilities	250	220	35	1.0	1.9	0.3
23 Construction	1,100	980	125	4.6	8.4	1.0
31-33 Manufacturing	985	770	210	4.1	6.6	1.7
41 Wholesale trade	440	330	110	1.8	2.8	0.9
44-45 Retail trade	3,215	1,700	1,515	13.5	14.5	12.5
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	800	690	105	3.4	5.9	0.9
51 Information and cultural industries	1,130	745	390	4.7	6.4	3.2
52 Finance and insurance	565	260	305	2.4	2.2	2.5
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	225	130	95	0.9	1.1	0.8
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,245	655	590	5.2	5.6	4.9
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	750	495	260	3.1	4.2	2.1
61 Educational services	2,460	865	1,600	10.3	7.4	13.2
62 Health care and social assistance	4,975	1,060	3,920	20.8	9.0	32.3
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	430	245	185	1.8	2.1	1.5
72 Accommodation and food services	1,270	590	680	5.3	5.0	5.6
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,165	470	695	4.9	4.0	5.7
91 Public administration	1,815	930	880	7.6	7.9	7.2
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	25,975	12,890	13,085	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	165	125	45	0.6	1.0	0.3
French	23,295	11,160	12,135	89.7	86.6	92.7
Non-official language	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
English and French	2,455	1,575	880	9.5	12.2	6.7
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	30	20	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	25,975	12,890	13,085	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	25,735	12,740	12,995	99.1	98.8	99.3
Official languages	25,730	12,730	12,995	99.1	98.8	99.3
English	455	320	135	1.8	2.5	1.0
French	25,270	12,410	12,860	97.3	96.3	98.3
Non-official languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	240	150	95	0.9	1.2	0.7
English and French	240	150	95	0.9	1.2	0.7
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	25,975	12,890	13,085	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	23,705	11,440	12,270	91.3	88.8	93.8
English	1,935	1,235	700	7.4	9.6	5.3
French	285	200	90	1.1	1.6	0.7
Non-official language	30	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	30	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	22,050	10,815	11,230	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	3,880	1,860	2,025	17.6	17.2	18.0
Worked outside Canada	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
No fixed workplace address	1,940	1,450	480	8.8	13.4	4.3
Usual place of work	16,220	7,495	8,725	73.6	69.3	77.7
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	16,220	7,495	8,725	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	13,815	6,115	7,700	85.2	81.6	88.3
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	390	230	160	2.4	3.1	1.8
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	1,960	1,115	845	12.1	14.9	9.7
Commute to a different province or territory	55	35	20	0.3	0.5	0.2
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	18,155	8,950	9,210	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	15,935	7,870	8,060	87.8	87.9	87.5
Car, truck or van - as a driver	15,085	7,555	7,525	83.1	84.4	81.7
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	850	320	535	4.7	3.6	5.8
Public transit	155	70	85	0.9	0.8	0.9
Walked	1,510	660	855	8.3	7.4	9.3
Bicycle	195	130	65	1.1	1.5	0.7
Other method	360	215	140	2.0	2.4	1.5
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	18,155	8,950	9,210	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	11,285	5,265	6,020	62.2	58.8	65.4
15 to 29 minutes	5,055	2,580	2,480	27.8	28.8	26.9
30 to 44 minutes	1,180	635	545	6.5	7.1	5.9
45 to 59 minutes	210	135	80	1.2	1.5	0.9
60 minutes and over	420	340	85	2.3	3.8	0.9
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	18,155	8,950	9,210	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	595	450	145	3.3	5.0	1.6
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,850	1,275	570	10.2	14.2	6.2
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	6,940	3,305	3,630	38.2	36.9	39.4
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	4,710	2,000	2,710	25.9	22.3	29.4
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,420	585	835	7.8	6.5	9.1
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	2,640	1,330	1,310	14.5	14.9	14.2
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	8,440	4,330	4,110	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	350	195	150	4.1	4.5	3.6
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	8,090	4,135	3,955	95.9	95.5	96.2
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	6,250	3,215	3,035	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	265	150	115	4.2	4.7	3.8
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	140	85	55	2.2	2.6	1.8
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	125	60	60	2.0	1.9	2.0
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	5,985	3,070	2,915	95.8	95.5	96.0

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
^r
revised

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 18, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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