Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Rimouski-Neigette, Municipalité régionale de comté (MRC)More information: Quebec [Census division]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	57,191	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	56,650	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	1.0	...	...	1.0	...	...
Total private dwellings²	29,474	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	27,203	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	21.2	...	...	21.2	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	2,703.99	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	57,190	27,875	29,315	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	8,345	4,315	4,030	14.6	15.5	13.7
0 to 4 years	2,485	1,285	1,200	4.3	4.6	4.1
5 to 9 years	2,895	1,485	1,415	5.1	5.3	4.8
10 to 14 years	2,960	1,545	1,420	5.2	5.5	4.8
15 to 64 years	34,155	16,800	17,350	59.7	60.3	59.2
15 to 19 years	2,630	1,335	1,290	4.6	4.8	4.4
20 to 24 years	2,980	1,505	1,475	5.2	5.4	5.0
25 to 29 years	3,215	1,580	1,635	5.6	5.7	5.6
30 to 34 years	3,220	1,645	1,575	5.6	5.9	5.4
35 to 39 years	3,295	1,625	1,675	5.8	5.8	5.7
40 to 44 years	3,555	1,795	1,765	6.2	6.4	6.0
45 to 49 years	3,080	1,490	1,595	5.4	5.3	5.4
50 to 54 years	3,040	1,485	1,550	5.3	5.3	5.3
55 to 59 years	4,175	1,980	2,190	7.3	7.1	7.5
60 to 64 years	4,965	2,365	2,605	8.7	8.5	8.9
65 years and over	14,695	6,760	7,930	25.7	24.3	27.1
65 to 69 years	4,870	2,345	2,525	8.5	8.4	8.6
70 to 74 years	4,070	1,950	2,120	7.1	7.0	7.2
75 to 79 years	2,665	1,260	1,405	4.7	4.5	4.8
80 to 84 years	1,560	685	875	2.7	2.5	3.0
85 years and over	1,530	520	1,005	2.7	1.9	3.4
85 to 89 years	955	355	605	1.7	1.3	2.1
90 to 94 years	445	145	300	0.8	0.5	1.0
95 to 99 years	120	25	95	0.2	0.1	0.3
100 years and over	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	14.6	15.5	13.7	14.6	15.5	13.7
15 to 64 years	59.7	60.3	59.2	59.7	60.3	59.2
65 years and over	25.7	24.3	27.1	25.7	24.3	27.1
85 years and over	2.7	1.9	3.4	2.7	1.9	3.4
Average age of the population	45.4	44.3	46.5	45.4	44.3	46.5
Median age of the population	47.2	45.6	48.8	47.2	45.6	48.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	27,200	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	14,695	...	...	54.0	...	...
Semi-detached house	2,295	...	...	8.4	...	...
Row house	645	...	...	2.4	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	1,225	...	...	4.5	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	7,475	...	...	27.5	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	490	...	...	1.8	...	...
Other single-attached house	140	...	...	0.5	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	235	...	...	0.9	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	27,205	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	10,465	...	...	38.5	...	...
2 persons	10,160	...	...	37.3	...	...
3 persons	2,950	...	...	10.8	...	...
4 persons	2,500	...	...	9.2	...	...
5 or more persons	1,125	...	...	4.1	...	...
Number of persons in private households	55,685	27,390	28,295	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.1	...	...	2.1	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	48,850	23,565	25,285	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	27,960	13,955	14,005	57.2	59.2	55.4
Married	13,175	6,585	6,585	27.0	27.9	26.0
Living common-law	14,785	7,365	7,420	30.3	31.3	29.3
Living common law - Never married	12,365	6,090	6,275	25.3	25.8	24.8
Living common law - Separated	130	60	70	0.3	0.3	0.3
Living common law - Divorced	1,995	1,095	905	4.1	4.6	3.6
Living common law - Widowed	295	120	175	0.6	0.5	0.7
Not married and not living common-law	20,890	9,615	11,275	42.8	40.8	44.6
Not married and not living common law - Never married	14,470	7,460	7,010	29.6	31.7	27.7
Not married and not living common law - Separated	515	250	260	1.1	1.1	1.0
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	3,150	1,205	1,945	6.4	5.1	7.7
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	2,750	695	2,055	5.6	2.9	8.1
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	15,955	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	9,795	...	...	61.4	...	...
3 persons	2,755	...	...	17.3	...	...
4 persons	2,400	...	...	15.0	...	...
5 or more persons	1,010	...	...	6.3	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.7	...	...	1.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	15,960	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	13,785	...	...	86.4	...	...
Married couples	6,405	...	...	40.1	...	...
With children⁶	1,800	...	...	11.3	...	...
Without children	4,610	...	...	28.9	...	...
Common-law couples	7,380	...	...	46.2	...	...
With children⁶	3,545	...	...	22.2	...	...
Without children	3,835	...	...	24.0	...	...
Total one-parent families	2,170	...	...	13.6	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	1,545	...	...	9.7	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	625	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	55,680	27,390	28,295	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	42,785	21,335	21,450	76.8	77.9	75.8
Married spouses or common-law partners	27,575	13,755	13,820	49.5	50.2	48.8
Parents in one-parent families	2,175	625	1,545	3.9	2.3	5.5
Children⁶	13,040	6,950	6,085	23.4	25.4	21.5
In a two-parent family	9,840	5,205	4,640	17.7	19.0	16.4
In a one-parent family	3,195	1,745	1,450	5.7	6.4	5.1
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	12,900	6,060	6,840	23.2	22.1	24.2
Living alone	10,470	4,750	5,715	18.8	17.3	20.2
Living with other relatives⁷	760	355	410	1.4	1.3	1.4
Living with non-relatives only	1,670	955	720	3.0	3.5	2.5
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	27,205	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	15,460	...	...	56.8	...	...
Couple-family households	13,450	...	...	49.4	...	...
With children⁶	5,225	...	...	19.2	...	...
Without children	8,225	...	...	30.2	...	...
One-parent-family households	2,010	...	...	7.4	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	120	...	...	0.4	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	25	...	...	0.1	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	290	...	...	1.1	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	845	...	...	3.1	...	...
One-person households	10,465	...	...	38.5	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	47,345	23,085	24,260	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	46,630	22,755	23,875	98.5	98.6	98.4
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,400	43,600	37,200	40,400	43,600	37,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	46,635	22,760	23,880	98.5	98.6	98.4
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,600	38,000	33,200	35,600	38,000	33,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	42,055	20,845	21,210	88.8	90.3	87.4
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	32,400	36,400	28,800	32,400	36,400	28,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	32,040	16,550	15,495	67.7	71.7	63.9
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,400	36,800	32,400	34,400	36,800	32,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	39,445	18,440	21,005	83.3	79.9	86.6
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,000	11,800	12,200	12,000	11,800	12,200
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,365	3,605	2,755	13.4	15.6	11.4
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,760	6,120	5,480	5,760	6,120	5,480
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	11,205	5,770	5,435	23.7	25.0	22.4
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	6,000	7,000	6,000	6,000	7,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	47,295	23,030	24,260	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	46,555	22,685	23,875	98.4	98.5	98.4
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	47,440	51,200	43,880	47,440	51,200	43,880
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	46,560	22,685	23,875	98.4	98.5	98.4
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,720	42,240	37,320	39,720	42,240	37,320
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	42,060	20,755	21,305	88.9	90.1	87.8
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,840	45,120	36,680	40,840	45,120	36,680
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	31,990	16,420	15,575	67.6	71.3	64.2
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,040	44,640	39,280	42,040	44,640	39,280
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	39,265	18,365	20,900	83.0	79.7	86.2
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,490	12,240	12,700	12,490	12,240	12,700
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,285	3,540	2,740	13.3	15.4	11.3
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,640	7,280	8,100	7,640	7,280	8,100
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	10,855	5,610	5,240	23.0	24.4	21.6
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,220	7,030	7,430	7,220	7,030	7,430
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	47,290	23,030	24,260	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	14,415	7,395	7,025	30.5	32.1	29.0
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	57,200	60,800	52,800	57,200	60,800	52,800
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	63,600	68,000	58,950	63,600	68,000	58,950
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	14,080	6,900	7,175	29.8	30.0	29.6
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	19,600	21,000	18,200	19,600	21,000	18,200
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	27,720	30,000	25,500	27,720	30,000	25,500
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	77.8	80.6	74.6	77.8	80.6	74.6
Employment income (%)¹⁹	60.9	63.1	58.4	60.9	63.1	58.4
Government transfers (%)²⁰	22.2	19.4	25.4	22.2	19.4	25.4
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.2	2.2	2.1	2.2	2.2	2.1
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	4.4	4.0	4.7	4.4	4.0	4.7
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	3.6	3.4	3.7	3.6	3.4	3.7
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	47,345	23,085	24,260	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	710	330	385	1.5	1.4	1.6
With total income	46,630	22,755	23,875	98.5	98.6	98.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,665	1,155	1,510	5.7	5.1	6.3
$10,000 to $19,999	5,870	2,420	3,450	12.6	10.6	14.5
$20,000 to $29,999	7,790	3,545	4,250	16.7	15.6	17.8
$30,000 to $39,999	6,715	3,075	3,640	14.4	13.5	15.2
$40,000 to $49,999	6,500	3,110	3,390	13.9	13.7	14.2
$50,000 to $59,999	5,050	2,585	2,465	10.8	11.4	10.3
$60,000 to $69,999	3,525	1,980	1,545	7.6	8.7	6.5
$70,000 to $79,999	2,440	1,370	1,070	5.2	6.0	4.5
$80,000 to $89,999	1,895	1,025	875	4.1	4.5	3.7
$90,000 to $99,999	1,315	675	645	2.8	3.0	2.7
$100,000 and over	2,855	1,815	1,040	6.1	8.0	4.4
$100,000 to $149,999	2,130	1,335	800	4.6	5.9	3.4
$150,000 and over	720	485	240	1.5	2.1	1.0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	47,345	23,085	24,260	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	710	325	380	1.5	1.4	1.6
With after-tax income	46,635	22,760	23,875	98.5	98.6	98.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,895	1,200	1,690	6.2	5.3	7.1
$10,000 to $19,999	6,160	2,590	3,575	13.2	11.4	15.0
$20,000 to $29,999	9,290	4,235	5,055	19.9	18.6	21.2
$30,000 to $39,999	8,690	4,180	4,515	18.6	18.4	18.9
$40,000 to $49,999	7,285	3,645	3,640	15.6	16.0	15.2
$50,000 to $59,999	4,775	2,680	2,100	10.2	11.8	8.8
$60,000 to $69,999	2,965	1,625	1,340	6.4	7.1	5.6
$70,000 to $79,999	1,965	1,000	965	4.2	4.4	4.0
$80,000 to $89,999	1,000	570	430	2.1	2.5	1.8
$90,000 to $99,999	575	370	210	1.2	1.6	0.9
$100,000 and over	1,030	670	365	2.2	2.9	1.5
$100,000 to $124,999	575	375	200	1.2	1.6	0.8
$125,000 and over	460	295	165	1.0	1.3	0.7
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	47,345	23,085	24,260	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	15,300	6,535	8,770	32.3	28.3	36.2
With employment income	32,040	16,545	15,490	67.7	71.7	63.8
Under $5,000 (including loss)	4,320	2,345	1,970	13.5	14.2	12.7
$5,000 to $9,999	2,490	1,145	1,340	7.8	6.9	8.7
$10,000 to $19,999	4,035	1,925	2,110	12.6	11.6	13.6
$20,000 to $29,999	3,515	1,640	1,870	11.0	9.9	12.1
$30,000 to $39,999	3,565	1,760	1,810	11.1	10.6	11.7
$40,000 to $49,999	3,320	1,615	1,710	10.4	9.8	11.0
$50,000 to $59,999	2,740	1,465	1,270	8.6	8.9	8.2
$60,000 to $69,999	2,090	1,185	905	6.5	7.2	5.8
$70,000 to $79,999	1,585	895	690	4.9	5.4	4.5
$80,000 to $89,999	1,460	720	740	4.6	4.4	4.8
$90,000 to $99,999	895	515	380	2.8	3.1	2.5
$100,000 and over	2,030	1,330	700	6.3	8.0	4.5
$100,000 to $124,999	1,110	705	410	3.5	4.3	2.6
$125,000 and over	925	630	290	2.9	3.8	1.9
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	47,345	23,085	24,260	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	46,045	22,425	23,615	97.3	97.1	97.3
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,000	42,000	34,400	38,000	42,000	34,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	46,075	22,430	23,650	97.3	97.2	97.5
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	33,600	36,800	31,200	33,600	36,800	31,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	41,485	20,550	20,935	87.6	89.0	86.3
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	33,200	37,600	29,200	33,200	37,600	29,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	32,480	16,655	15,825	68.6	72.1	65.2
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,400	37,600	31,600	34,400	37,600	31,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	36,625	16,895	19,735	77.4	73.2	81.3
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,200	8,700	9,600	9,200	8,700	9,600
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	6,415	3,660	2,755	13.5	15.9	11.4
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,280	5,520	4,880	5,280	5,520	4,880
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	47,295	23,030	24,260	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	46,005	22,395	23,610	97.3	97.2	97.3
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	45,400	50,000	41,080	45,400	50,000	41,080
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	46,040	22,400	23,640	97.3	97.3	97.4
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	37,840	41,040	34,840	37,840	41,040	34,840
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	41,380	20,465	20,920	87.5	88.9	86.2
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,520	46,560	36,600	41,520	46,560	36,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	32,460	16,525	15,935	68.6	71.8	65.7
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,680	45,280	37,920	41,680	45,280	37,920
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	36,360	16,725	19,635	76.9	72.6	80.9
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,210	10,000	10,380	10,210	10,000	10,380
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	6,410	3,665	2,745	13.6	15.9	11.3
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,140	6,730	7,690	7,140	6,730	7,690
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	47,290	23,030	24,260	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	14,365	7,380	6,985	30.4	32.0	28.8
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	53,600	57,600	48,800	53,600	57,600	48,800
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	60,050	65,500	54,350	60,050	65,500	54,350
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	13,415	6,535	6,880	28.4	28.4	28.4
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	22,800	26,200	20,000	22,800	26,200	20,000
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	30,960	34,160	27,880	30,960	34,160	27,880
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	82.2	85.0	79.0	82.2	85.0	79.0
Employment income (%)	64.8	66.8	62.3	64.8	66.8	62.3
Government transfers (%)	17.8	15.0	21.0	17.8	15.0	21.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.2	2.2	2.2	2.2	2.2	2.2
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	27,205	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	66,000	...	...	66,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	58,000	...	...	58,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	10,465	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	36,000	...	...	36,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	32,400	...	...	32,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	16,735	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	92,000	...	...	92,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	79,000	...	...	79,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	27,205	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	81,200	...	...	81,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	68,000	...	...	68,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	10,505	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	43,160	...	...	43,160	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	36,800	...	...	36,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	16,695	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	105,100	...	...	105,100	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	87,600	...	...	87,600	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	27,200	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	160	...	...	0.6	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	150	...	...	0.6	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	435	...	...	1.6	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	730	...	...	2.7	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,875	...	...	6.9	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,100	...	...	4.0	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,245	...	...	4.6	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,525	...	...	5.6	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,395	...	...	5.1	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,340	...	...	4.9	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,350	...	...	8.6	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,060	...	...	7.6	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,875	...	...	6.9	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,725	...	...	6.3	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,490	...	...	5.5	...	...
$100,000 and over	7,730	...	...	28.4	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,830	...	...	10.4	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,890	...	...	6.9	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,865	...	...	6.9	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,145	...	...	4.2	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	27,200	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	180	...	...	0.7	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	160	...	...	0.6	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	450	...	...	1.7	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	780	...	...	2.9	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,995	...	...	7.3	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,415	...	...	5.2	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,630	...	...	6.0	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,805	...	...	6.6	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,665	...	...	6.1	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,400	...	...	5.1	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,645	...	...	9.7	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,370	...	...	8.7	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,150	...	...	7.9	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,835	...	...	6.7	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,405	...	...	5.2	...	...
$100,000 and over	5,315	...	...	19.5	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,560	...	...	9.4	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,380	...	...	5.1	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,380	...	...	5.1	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	16,095	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	93,000	...	...	93,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	79,500	...	...	79,500	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	8,290	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	80,000	...	...	80,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	70,000	...	...	70,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	5,360	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	133,000	...	...	133,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	111,000	...	...	111,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	2,135	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	68,500	...	...	68,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	61,600	...	...	61,600	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.5	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	12,140	5,705	6,435	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	34,800	36,000	34,000	34,800	36,000	34,000
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	31,600	32,400	31,200	31,600	32,400	31,200
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	16,085	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	106,000	...	...	106,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	88,200	...	...	88,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	8,295	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	88,800	...	...	88,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	75,000	...	...	75,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	5,330	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	145,000	...	...	145,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	117,800	...	...	117,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,145	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	78,200	...	...	78,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	67,800	...	...	67,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	12,050	5,590	6,455	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	41,760	43,160	40,520	41,760	43,160	40,520
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	35,720	36,520	35,040	35,720	36,520	35,040
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	55,680	27,390	28,290	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	9,850	5,085	4,765	17.7	18.6	16.8
0 to 5 years	3,025	1,550	1,475	5.4	5.7	5.2
18 to 64 years	32,485	15,925	16,565	58.3	58.1	58.6
65 years and over	13,345	6,385	6,960	24.0	23.3	24.6
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	6,875	3,230	3,645	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	685	385	300	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	220	110	100	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	3,395	1,705	1,690	...	...	...
65 years and over	2,785	1,135	1,655	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	12.3	11.8	12.9	12.3	11.8	12.9
0 to 17 years (%)	7.0	7.6	6.3	7.0	7.6	6.3
0 to 5 years (%)	7.2	7.2	7.0	7.2	7.2	7.0
18 to 64 years (%)	10.5	10.7	10.2	10.5	10.7	10.2
65 years and over (%)	20.9	17.8	23.8	20.9	17.8	23.8
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	55,680	27,390	28,295	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	9,850	5,085	4,765	17.7	18.6	16.8
0 to 5 years	3,025	1,550	1,475	5.4	5.7	5.2
18 to 64 years	32,490	15,920	16,565	58.4	58.1	58.5
65 years and over	13,345	6,385	6,960	24.0	23.3	24.6
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	2,095	1,095	1,005	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	165	75	85	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	50	25	30	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	1,760	940	820	...	...	...
65 years and over	180	75	100	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.8	4.0	3.6	3.8	4.0	3.6
0 to 17 years (%)	1.6	1.5	1.8	1.6	1.5	1.8
0 to 5 years (%)	1.6	1.4	1.8	1.6	1.4	1.8
18 to 64 years (%)	5.4	5.9	5.0	5.4	5.9	5.0
65 years and over (%)	1.3	1.2	1.5	1.3	1.2	1.5
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	55,685	27,390	28,290	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	32,500	15,675	16,820	58.4	57.2	59.5
In bottom decile	5,705	2,730	2,980	10.2	10.0	10.5
In second decile	6,360	3,005	3,355	11.4	11.0	11.9
In third decile	6,615	3,185	3,425	11.9	11.6	12.1
In fourth decile	6,960	3,355	3,600	12.5	12.2	12.7
In fifth decile	6,865	3,400	3,460	12.3	12.4	12.2
In top half of the distribution	23,185	11,715	11,470	41.6	42.8	40.5
In sixth decile	6,535	3,280	3,255	11.7	12.0	11.5
In seventh decile	5,650	2,815	2,835	10.1	10.3	10.0
In eighth decile	4,865	2,490	2,380	8.7	9.1	8.4
In ninth decile	3,740	1,910	1,830	6.7	7.0	6.5
In top decile	2,390	1,220	1,170	4.3	4.5	4.1
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	55,680	...	...	55,680	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.297	...	...	0.297	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.426	...	...	0.426	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.254	...	...	0.254	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.2	...	...	3.2	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	56,885	27,725	29,160	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	55	35	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
French only	41,675	19,220	22,450	73.3	69.3	77.0
English and French	15,115	8,440	6,670	26.6	30.4	22.9
Neither English nor French	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	56,885	27,725	29,160	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	445	205	240	0.8	0.7	0.8
French	56,265	27,425	28,840	98.9	98.9	98.9
English and French	140	75	60	0.2	0.3	0.2
Neither English nor French	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	56,885	27,725	29,160	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	56,480	27,485	29,000	99.3	99.1	99.5
Official languages	55,800	27,110	28,690	98.1	97.8	98.4
English	395	180	220	0.7	0.6	0.8
French	55,405	26,935	28,475	97.4	97.2	97.7
Non-official languages	675	370	310	1.2	1.3	1.1
Indigenous languages³⁹	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	670	365	300	1.2	1.3	1.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	140	95	50	0.2	0.3	0.2
Berber languages	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	120	80	40	0.2	0.3	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	120	80	40	0.2	0.3	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	50	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Haitian Creole	20	5	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	25	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	270	150	125	0.5	0.5	0.4
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	25	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	205	110	90	0.4	0.4	0.3
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	10	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	145	80	65	0.3	0.3	0.2
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	125	70	55	0.2	0.3	0.2
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	60	30	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	20	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	25	5	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	405	240	165	0.7	0.9	0.6
English and French	260	155	105	0.5	0.6	0.4
English and non-official language(s)	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	120	70	45	0.2	0.3	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	56,885	27,725	29,160	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	150	75	80	0.3	0.3	0.3
French	54,825	26,590	28,235	96.4	95.9	96.8
Non-official language	140	75	60	0.2	0.3	0.2
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	140	75	60	0.2	0.3	0.2
English and French	1,155	655	495	2.0	2.4	1.7
English and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	465	245	225	0.8	0.9	0.8
English, French and non-official language(s)	135	70	65	0.2	0.3	0.2
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	56,885	27,725	29,160	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	56,575	27,555	29,015	99.5	99.4	99.5
Official languages	56,270	27,395	28,880	98.9	98.8	99.0
English	245	120	130	0.4	0.4	0.4
French	56,030	27,275	28,750	98.5	98.4	98.6
Non-official languages	300	160	135	0.5	0.6	0.5
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	295	160	135	0.5	0.6	0.5
Afro-Asiatic languages	45	30	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Berber languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	40	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	40	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	10	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	125	70	60	0.2	0.3	0.2
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	110	55	50	0.2	0.2	0.2
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	80	40	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	55	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	40	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	25	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Chinese languages	25	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	310	165	145	0.5	0.6	0.5
English and French	170	90	85	0.3	0.3	0.3
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	120	70	50	0.2	0.3	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	56,885	27,720	29,160	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	55,390	26,890	28,500	97.4	97.0	97.7
English	925	550	380	1.6	2.0	1.3
French	200	100	100	0.4	0.4	0.3
Non-official language	230	110	120	0.4	0.4	0.4
Indigenous³⁹	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	230	110	120	0.4	0.4	0.4
English and French	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	70	35	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	35	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	55,685	27,390	28,290	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	55,630	27,350	28,270	99.9	99.9	99.9
English	15,015	8,410	6,605	27.0	30.7	23.3
French	55,570	27,315	28,250	99.8	99.7	99.9
Non-official languages	2,340	1,175	1,165	4.2	4.3	4.1
Indigenous languages³⁹	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	2,335	1,170	1,165	4.2	4.3	4.1
Afro-Asiatic languages	280	170	115	0.5	0.6	0.4
Berber languages	35	25	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Kabyle	20	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	35	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	30	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	240	145	95	0.4	0.5	0.3
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	230	140	95	0.4	0.5	0.3
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	75	35	45	0.1	0.1	0.2
Haitian Creole	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	35	25	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,620	785	835	2.9	2.9	3.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	100	65	30	0.2	0.2	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	100	60	30	0.2	0.2	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Russian	40	35	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	30	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	125	60	70	0.2	0.2	0.2
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	95	40	55	0.2	0.1	0.2
German	95	40	55	0.2	0.1	0.2
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,435	685	750	2.6	2.5	2.7
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	105	40	60	0.2	0.1	0.2
Portuguese	115	55	55	0.2	0.2	0.2
Romanian	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	1,260	605	655	2.3	2.2	2.3
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	265	145	120	0.5	0.5	0.4
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	35	30	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	145	70	65	0.3	0.3	0.2
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	50	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	80	60	25	0.1	0.2	0.1
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	25	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	75	30	55	0.1	0.1	0.2
Chinese languages	75	20	55	0.1	0.1	0.2
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	55	15	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	55,680	27,390	28,290	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	920	460	460	1.7	1.7	1.6
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	835	405	430	1.5	1.5	1.5
First Nations (North American Indian)	420	190	230	0.8	0.7	0.8
Métis	415	215	200	0.7	0.8	0.7
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	70	45	25	0.1	0.2	0.1
Non-Indigenous identity	54,760	26,930	27,830	98.3	98.3	98.4
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	55,680	27,390	28,290	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	290	175	115	0.5	0.6	0.4
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	55,390	27,215	28,175	99.5	99.4	99.6
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	27,200	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	17,600	...	...	64.7	...	...
Renter	9,605	...	...	35.3	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	27,200	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	2,365	...	...	8.7	...	...
Not condominium	24,840	...	...	91.3	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	27,200	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	280	...	...	1.0	...	...
1 bedroom	3,790	...	...	13.9	...	...
2 bedrooms	7,575	...	...	27.8	...	...
3 bedrooms	8,930	...	...	32.8	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	6,630	...	...	24.4	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	27,200	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	8,485	...	...	31.2	...	...
5 rooms	3,820	...	...	14.0	...	...
6 rooms	3,105	...	...	11.4	...	...
7 rooms	3,255	...	...	12.0	...	...
8 or more rooms	8,545	...	...	31.4	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.2	...	...	6.2	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	27,200	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	27,145	...	...	99.8	...	...
More than one person per room	55	...	...	0.2	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	27,200	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	26,950	...	...	99.1	...	...
Not suitable	250	...	...	0.9	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	27,200	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	5,895	...	...	21.7	...	...
1961 to 1980	9,070	...	...	33.3	...	...
1981 to 1990	4,080	...	...	15.0	...	...
1991 to 2000	2,825	...	...	10.4	...	...
2001 to 2005	930	...	...	3.4	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,475	...	...	5.4	...	...
2011 to 2015	1,875	...	...	6.9	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	1,055	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	27,200	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	25,865	...	...	95.1	...	...
Major repairs needed	1,340	...	...	4.9	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	27,200	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	15,725	...	...	57.8	...	...
Two-maintainer household	11,120	...	...	40.9	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	360	...	...	1.3	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	27,200	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	1,095	...	...	4.0	...	...
25 to 34 years	3,525	...	...	13.0	...	...
35 to 44 years	4,150	...	...	15.3	...	...
45 to 54 years	3,780	...	...	13.9	...	...
55 to 64 years	5,630	...	...	20.7	...	...
65 to 74 years	5,750	...	...	21.1	...	...
75 to 84 years	2,700	...	...	9.9	...	...
85 years and over	570	...	...	2.1	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	27,025	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	23,835	...	...	88.2	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	3,195	...	...	11.8	...	...
30% to less than 100%	3,020	...	...	11.2	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	27,200	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	4,590	...	...	16.9	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	3,020	...	...	11.1	...	...
Not suitable only	215	...	...	0.8	...	...
Major repairs needed only	1,155	...	...	4.2	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	15	...	...	0.1	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	160	...	...	0.6	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	20	...	...	0.1	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	22,615	...	...	83.1	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	26,850	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	865	...	...	3.2	...	...
Not in core need	25,990	...	...	96.8	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	17,510	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	57.2	...	...	57.2	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	6.3	...	...	6.3	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.9	...	...	0.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	840	...	...	840	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	923	...	...	923	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	220,000	...	...	220,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	234,000	...	...	234,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	9,565	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	13.1	...	...	13.1	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	21.9	...	...	21.9	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	7.4	...	...	7.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	675	...	...	675	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	699	...	...	699	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	55,680	27,390	28,290	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	930	450	480	1.7	1.6	1.7
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	910	435	475	1.6	1.6	1.7
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	670	310	360	1.2	1.1	1.3
Métis single ancestry	220	120	100	0.4	0.4	0.4
Inuit single ancestry	25	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	20	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	20	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	1,355	670	685	2.4	2.4	2.4
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	1,350	660	685	2.4	2.4	2.4
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	1,225	580	645	2.2	2.1	2.3
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	120	85	35	0.2	0.3	0.1
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	53,395	26,270	27,120	95.9	95.9	95.9
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	55,680	27,390	28,295	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	54,670	26,875	27,795	98.2	98.1	98.2
Canadian citizens aged under 18	9,795	5,095	4,695	17.6	18.6	16.6
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	44,875	21,775	23,100	80.6	79.5	81.6
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	1,015	515	495	1.8	1.9	1.7
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	55,680	27,390	28,295	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	53,975	26,470	27,505	96.9	96.6	97.2
Immigrants⁸¹	1,205	675	525	2.2	2.5	1.9
Before 1980	115	75	40	0.2	0.3	0.1
1980 to 1990	80	45	35	0.1	0.2	0.1
1991 to 2000	165	85	80	0.3	0.3	0.3
2001 to 2010	315	155	155	0.6	0.6	0.5
2011 to 2021⁸²	530	315	215	1.0	1.2	0.8
2011 to 2015	145	95	55	0.3	0.3	0.2
2016 to 2021	380	225	160	0.7	0.8	0.6
Non-permanent residents⁸³	500	245	260	0.9	0.9	0.9
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	1,205	675	525	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	165	100	65	13.7	14.8	12.4
5 to 14 years	220	130	85	18.3	19.3	16.2
15 to 24 years	185	80	100	15.4	11.9	19.0
25 to 44 years	560	310	250	46.5	45.9	47.6
45 years and over	75	50	30	6.2	7.4	5.7
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	1,205	675	525	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	195	85	110	16.2	12.6	21.0
Brazil	10	0	0	0.8	0.0	0.0
Colombia	40	20	20	3.3	3.0	3.8
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	30	0	25	2.5	0.0	4.8
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	25	15	0	2.1	2.2	0.0
Peru	10	0	10	0.8	0.0	1.9
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	20	0	20	1.7	0.0	3.8
Other places of birth in Americas	70	40	35	5.8	5.9	6.7
Europe	510	300	210	42.3	44.4	40.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	365	225	140	30.3	33.3	26.7
Germany	10	0	10	0.8	0.0	1.9
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	10	0	0	0.8	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	15	0	10	1.2	0.0	1.9
Portugal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	70	40	35	5.8	5.9	6.7
Africa	420	245	170	34.9	36.3	32.4
Algeria	35	15	15	2.9	2.2	2.9
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	85	40	45	7.1	5.9	8.6
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	45	30	15	3.7	4.4	2.9
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	240	150	95	19.9	22.2	18.1
Asia	75	40	35	6.2	5.9	6.7
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	10	10	0	0.8	1.5	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	35	0	30	2.9	0.0	5.7
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	10	10	0	0.8	1.5	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	10	10	0	0.8	1.5	0.0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	10	0	0	0.8	0.0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	380	225	155	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	75	45	35	19.7	20.0	22.6
Brazil	10	0	0	2.6	0.0	0.0
Colombia	25	10	10	6.6	4.4	6.5
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	25	15	10	6.6	6.7	6.5
Europe	60	35	25	15.8	15.6	16.1
France	55	35	20	14.5	15.6	12.9
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	235	140	90	61.8	62.2	58.1
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	35	15	15	9.2	6.7	9.7
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	80	35	40	21.1	15.6	25.8
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	15	0	0	3.9	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	90	70	20	23.7	31.1	12.9
Asia	10	0	0	2.6	0.0	0.0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	55,685	27,390	28,290	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	1,875	995	880	3.4	3.6	3.1
Second generation¹⁰¹	1,155	550	600	2.1	2.0	2.1
Third generation or more¹⁰²	52,650	25,845	26,800	94.5	94.4	94.7
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	1,090	600	490	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	560	335	225	51.4	55.8	45.9
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	325	205	120	29.8	34.2	24.5
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	235	130	105	21.6	21.7	21.4
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	280	120	160	25.7	20.0	32.7
Refugees¹⁰⁸	235	140	100	21.6	23.3	20.4
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	10	0	0	0.9	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	1,090	600	490	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	15	0	10	1.4	0.0	2.0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	100	60	40	9.2	10.0	8.2
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	65	45	20	6.0	7.5	4.1
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	150	85	65	13.8	14.2	13.3
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	10	0	0	0.9	0.0	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	750	405	345	68.8	67.5	70.4
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	55,685	27,390	28,290	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	1,230	615	620	2.2	2.2	2.2
South Asian	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese	135	30	105	0.2	0.1	0.4
Black	630	315	315	1.1	1.2	1.1
Filipino	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arab	195	135	65	0.4	0.5	0.2
Latin American	165	85	80	0.3	0.3	0.3
Southeast Asian	45	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple visible minorities	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	54,450	26,775	27,670	97.8	97.8	97.8
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	55,680	27,390	28,290	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	21,745	10,485	11,260	39.1	38.3	39.8
English	665	350	315	1.2	1.3	1.1
Irish	1,735	825	915	3.1	3.0	3.2
Scottish	790	390	395	1.4	1.4	1.4
French, n.o.s.¹²²	14,735	7,340	7,395	26.5	26.8	26.1
German	565	260	310	1.0	0.9	1.1
Chinese	125	20	110	0.2	0.1	0.4
Italian	365	210	160	0.7	0.8	0.6
Indian (India)	40	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ukrainian	25	20	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Dutch	60	25	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Polish	65	30	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Québécois	8,820	4,310	4,510	15.8	15.7	15.9
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	45	30	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Filipino	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French Canadian	6,080	2,955	3,125	10.9	10.8	11.0
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	1,275	605	665	2.3	2.2	2.4
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	780	390	390	1.4	1.4	1.4
Métis	360	225	140	0.6	0.8	0.5
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	585	280	305	1.1	1.0	1.1
Russian	55	35	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Norwegian	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Welsh	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Portuguese	75	40	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
American	190	105	85	0.3	0.4	0.3
Spanish	120	75	50	0.2	0.3	0.2
Swedish	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Acadian	1,310	625	685	2.4	2.3	2.4
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	115	50	65	0.2	0.2	0.2
Jewish	50	30	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	30	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	65	45	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
Greek	25	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Jamaican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	75	25	55	0.1	0.1	0.2
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanese	50	30	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	600	290	310	1.1	1.1	1.1
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	200	100	105	0.4	0.4	0.4
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belgian	130	60	70	0.2	0.2	0.2
Haitian	55	10	45	0.1	0.0	0.2
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mennonite	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	110	55	55	0.2	0.2	0.2
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	325	135	190	0.6	0.5	0.7
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	25	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombian	30	20	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Moroccan	65	35	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Czech	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syrian	25	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	20	20	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Serbian	35	10	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
Ojibway	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	25	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Brazilian	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	25	0	25	0.0	0.0	0.1
Algonquin	65	35	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	95	50	45	0.2	0.2	0.2
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	35	25	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	50	30	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
New Brunswicker	55	20	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	35	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	115	45	75	0.2	0.2	0.3
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	60	20	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Guatemalan	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	70	45	25	0.1	0.2	0.1
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	25	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	70	35	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Moldovan	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	90	45	45	0.2	0.2	0.2
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	35	25	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	50	40	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	220	120	100	0.4	0.4	0.4
Norman	140	65	75	0.3	0.2	0.3
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	55	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Saulteaux	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	30	10	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	25	20	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	15	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	175	80	90	0.3	0.3	0.3
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	55,680	27,390	28,290	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	55	20	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Christian	41,715	20,135	21,575	74.9	73.5	76.3
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	2,875	1,395	1,480	5.2	5.1	5.2
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	25	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Baptist	55	30	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Catholic	38,220	18,440	19,780	68.6	67.3	69.9
Christian Orthodox	35	25	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Jehovah's Witness	120	60	65	0.2	0.2	0.2
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lutheran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	145	70	80	0.3	0.3	0.3
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	205	90	120	0.4	0.3	0.4
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	35	25	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Muslim	320	185	140	0.6	0.7	0.5
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	120	50	70	0.2	0.2	0.2
No religion and secular perspectives	13,430	6,975	6,450	24.1	25.5	22.8
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	55,235	27,135	28,100	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	49,020	24,185	24,825	88.7	89.1	88.3
Movers	6,215	2,945	3,270	11.3	10.9	11.6
Non-migrants	4,190	1,970	2,215	7.6	7.3	7.9
Migrants	2,025	970	1,055	3.7	3.6	3.8
Internal migrants	1,945	935	1,010	3.5	3.4	3.6
Intraprovincial migrants	1,875	895	980	3.4	3.3	3.5
Interprovincial migrants	65	40	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
External migrants	80	35	45	0.1	0.1	0.2
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	53,175	25,965	27,210	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	34,560	17,070	17,495	65.0	65.7	64.3
Movers	18,615	8,895	9,720	35.0	34.3	35.7
Non-migrants	9,180	4,310	4,870	17.3	16.6	17.9
Migrants	9,435	4,585	4,855	17.7	17.7	17.8
Internal migrants	8,740	4,230	4,505	16.4	16.3	16.6
Intraprovincial migrants	8,470	4,100	4,370	15.9	15.8	16.1
Interprovincial migrants	270	130	135	0.5	0.5	0.5
External migrants	705	355	350	1.3	1.4	1.3
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	47,290	23,030	24,260	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	8,285	4,760	3,530	17.5	20.7	14.6
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	39,005	18,275	20,730	82.5	79.4	85.4
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	28,410	13,750	14,660	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	3,465	2,175	1,290	12.2	15.8	8.8
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	24,945	11,575	13,365	87.8	84.2	91.2
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	47,295	23,030	24,260	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	7,260	4,000	3,260	15.4	17.4	13.4
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	9,795	4,585	5,210	20.7	19.9	21.5
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	30,240	14,450	15,795	63.9	62.7	65.1
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	19,865	10,010	9,855	42.0	43.5	40.6
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	8,310	5,075	3,230	17.6	22.0	13.3
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	6,170	3,380	2,790	13.0	14.7	11.5
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	2,140	1,695	445	4.5	7.4	1.8
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	9,625	4,265	5,360	20.4	18.5	22.1
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,935	670	1,265	4.1	2.9	5.2
Bachelor's degree or higher	10,375	4,440	5,935	21.9	19.3	24.5
Bachelor's degree	6,860	2,720	4,135	14.5	11.8	17.0
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	675	310	365	1.4	1.3	1.5
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	370	175	190	0.8	0.8	0.8
Master's degree	1,905	850	1,055	4.0	3.7	4.3
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	570	385	185	1.2	1.7	0.8
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	28,405	13,750	14,660	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,790	1,715	1,080	9.8	12.5	7.4
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	4,130	2,100	2,025	14.5	15.3	13.8
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	21,490	9,935	11,555	75.7	72.3	78.8
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	13,600	6,845	6,755	47.9	49.8	46.1
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	5,990	3,555	2,430	21.1	25.9	16.6
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	4,440	2,300	2,135	15.6	16.7	14.6
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	1,545	1,250	295	5.4	9.1	2.0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	6,510	2,890	3,620	22.9	21.0	24.7
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,105	405	705	3.9	2.9	4.8
Bachelor's degree or higher	7,890	3,090	4,800	27.8	22.5	32.7
Bachelor's degree	5,085	1,845	3,240	17.9	13.4	22.1
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	550	240	310	1.9	1.7	2.1
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	310	120	190	1.1	0.9	1.3
Master's degree	1,500	600	905	5.3	4.4	6.2
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	445	285	160	1.6	2.1	1.1
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	47,295	23,035	24,265	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	17,050	8,580	8,470	36.1	37.2	34.9
Education	2,925	695	2,230	6.2	3.0	9.2
13. Education	2,925	695	2,230	6.2	3.0	9.2
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	705	310	395	1.5	1.3	1.6
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	80	65	10	0.2	0.3	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	625	240	380	1.3	1.0	1.6
Humanities	1,400	660	740	3.0	2.9	3.0
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	75	25	55	0.2	0.1	0.2
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	755	345	405	1.6	1.5	1.7
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	95	60	35	0.2	0.3	0.1
39. Theology and religious vocations	60	30	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
54. History	155	95	55	0.3	0.4	0.2
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	240	90	155	0.5	0.4	0.6
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,070	755	1,310	4.4	3.3	5.4
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	25	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	305	100	205	0.6	0.4	0.8
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	370	15	360	0.8	0.1	1.5
22. Legal professions and studies	260	115	145	0.5	0.5	0.6
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	50	10	40	0.1	0.0	0.2
42. Psychology	465	135	330	1.0	0.6	1.4
45. Social sciences	595	370	220	1.3	1.6	0.9
Business, management and public administration	6,845	2,185	4,660	14.5	9.5	19.2
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	795	160	630	1.7	0.7	2.6
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	6,050	2,025	4,025	12.8	8.8	16.6
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,440	800	640	3.0	3.5	2.6
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	650	295	355	1.4	1.3	1.5
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	95	75	20	0.2	0.3	0.1
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	230	115	115	0.5	0.5	0.5
40. Physical sciences	430	300	125	0.9	1.3	0.5
41. Science technologies/technicians	40	15	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	790	575	220	1.7	2.5	0.9
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	635	505	125	1.3	2.2	0.5
25. Library science	75	20	50	0.2	0.1	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	65	40	25	0.1	0.2	0.1
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	6,040	5,515	520	12.8	23.9	2.1
04. Architecture and related services	375	210	165	0.8	0.9	0.7
14. Engineering	655	545	110	1.4	2.4	0.5
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	1,360	1,200	160	2.9	5.2	0.7
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	1,595	1,570	30	3.4	6.8	0.1
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,340	1,310	25	2.8	5.7	0.1
48. Precision production	710	680	30	1.5	3.0	0.1
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,205	835	370	2.5	3.6	1.5
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	600	370	230	1.3	1.6	0.9
03. Natural resources and conservation	605	460	140	1.3	2.0	0.6
Health and related fields	4,490	915	3,575	9.5	4.0	14.7
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	250	120	130	0.5	0.5	0.5
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	4,055	705	3,345	8.6	3.1	13.8
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	190	85	100	0.4	0.4	0.4
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,305	1,200	1,105	4.9	5.2	4.6
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	1,295	350	945	2.7	1.5	3.9
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	425	345	80	0.9	1.5	0.3
49. Transportation and materials moving	570	500	75	1.2	2.2	0.3
Other¹⁷⁹	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	28,410	13,750	14,660	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	6,920	3,815	3,105	24.4	27.7	21.2
Education	1,785	335	1,445	6.3	2.4	9.9
13. Education	1,785	335	1,445	6.3	2.4	9.9
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	505	200	300	1.8	1.5	2.0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	55	40	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
50. Visual and performing arts	450	160	285	1.6	1.2	1.9
Humanities	835	385	450	2.9	2.8	3.1
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	65	25	45	0.2	0.2	0.3
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	410	190	215	1.4	1.4	1.5
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	45	40	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
54. History	105	65	40	0.4	0.5	0.3
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	165	55	115	0.6	0.4	0.8
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,640	550	1,090	5.8	4.0	7.4
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	290	90	200	1.0	0.7	1.4
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	335	15	320	1.2	0.1	2.2
22. Legal professions and studies	200	75	125	0.7	0.5	0.9
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	30	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.2
42. Psychology	335	80	255	1.2	0.6	1.7
45. Social sciences	435	275	150	1.5	2.0	1.0
Business, management and public administration	4,995	1,565	3,435	17.6	11.4	23.4
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	625	110	515	2.2	0.8	3.5
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	4,365	1,455	2,910	15.4	10.6	19.8
Physical and life sciences and technologies	990	550	450	3.5	4.0	3.1
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	495	210	285	1.7	1.5	1.9
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	50	45	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	75	45	30	0.3	0.3	0.2
40. Physical sciences	340	240	100	1.2	1.7	0.7
41. Science technologies/technicians	30	0	30	0.1	0.0	0.2
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	595	445	150	2.1	3.2	1.0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	510	420	95	1.8	3.1	0.6
25. Library science	40	0	35	0.1	0.0	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	35	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	4,200	3,765	435	14.8	27.4	3.0
04. Architecture and related services	285	170	120	1.0	1.2	0.8
14. Engineering	475	375	100	1.7	2.7	0.7
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	965	820	145	3.4	6.0	1.0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	1,060	1,040	20	3.7	7.6	0.1
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	915	900	20	3.2	6.5	0.1
48. Precision production	490	460	30	1.7	3.3	0.2
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	980	650	325	3.4	4.7	2.2
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	485	290	195	1.7	2.1	1.3
03. Natural resources and conservation	495	360	135	1.7	2.6	0.9
Health and related fields	3,250	630	2,620	11.4	4.6	17.9
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	160	85	80	0.6	0.6	0.5
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	2,935	495	2,445	10.3	3.6	16.7
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	155	60	95	0.5	0.4	0.6
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,690	850	840	5.9	6.2	5.7
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	950	230	725	3.3	1.7	4.9
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
43. Security and protective services	310	250	60	1.1	1.8	0.4
49. Transportation and materials moving	420	365	60	1.5	2.7	0.4
Other¹⁷⁹	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	28,410	13,750	14,660	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,920	3,815	3,105	24.4	27.7	21.2
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	21,490	9,935	11,555	75.6	72.3	78.8
Location of study inside Canada	20,960	9,640	11,320	73.8	70.1	77.2
Same as province or territory of residence	20,600	9,450	11,155	72.5	68.7	76.1
Different than province or territory of residence	360	190	170	1.3	1.4	1.2
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	530	295	235	1.9	2.1	1.6
Americas	75	35	40	0.3	0.3	0.3
United States of America	35	20	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuba	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Europe	280	155	125	1.0	1.1	0.9
Belgium	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
France	235	135	95	0.8	1.0	0.6
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	135	90	40	0.5	0.7	0.3
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Morocco	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tunisia	15	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	75	50	25	0.3	0.4	0.2
Asia	40	15	30	0.1	0.1	0.2
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	30	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.2
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	47,295	23,030	24,260	...	...	...
In the labour force	27,940	13,950	13,985	...	...	...
Employed	25,800	12,845	12,955	...	...	...
Unemployed	2,135	1,105	1,025	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	19,355	9,080	10,275	...	...	...
Participation rate	59.1	60.6	57.6	59.1	60.6	57.6
Employment rate	54.6	55.8	53.4	54.6	55.8	53.4
Unemployment rate	7.6	7.9	7.3	7.6	7.9	7.3
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	47,295	23,035	24,265	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	18,225	8,425	9,800	38.5	36.6	40.4
Worked	29,065	14,605	14,465	61.5	63.4	59.6
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	14,575	7,485	7,095	30.8	32.5	29.2
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	14,490	7,120	7,370	30.6	30.9	30.4
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.9	40.9	40.9	40.9	40.9	40.9
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	27,935	13,950	13,985	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	520	230	290	1.9	1.6	2.1
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	27,420	13,720	13,695	98.2	98.4	97.9
Employee	24,870	12,360	12,510	89.0	88.6	89.5
Permanent position	19,860	9,875	9,990	71.1	70.8	71.4
Temporary position	5,005	2,485	2,525	17.9	17.8	18.1
Fixed term (1 year or more)	1,405	580	830	5.0	4.2	5.9
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	3,600	1,905	1,695	12.9	13.7	12.1
Self-employed¹⁹²	2,550	1,360	1,185	9.1	9.7	8.5
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	27,935	13,950	13,985	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	520	230	290	1.9	1.6	2.1
All occupations¹⁹¹	27,420	13,720	13,695	98.2	98.4	97.9
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	435	285	155	1.6	2.0	1.1
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	4,485	1,445	3,040	16.1	10.4	21.7
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	2,110	1,565	545	7.6	11.2	3.9
3 Health occupations	3,110	595	2,515	11.1	4.3	18.0
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	4,285	1,330	2,960	15.3	9.5	21.2
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	660	300	355	2.4	2.2	2.5
6 Sales and service occupations	7,055	3,430	3,630	25.3	24.6	26.0
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	3,915	3,680	230	14.0	26.4	1.6
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	800	650	150	2.9	4.7	1.1
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	555	435	120	2.0	3.1	0.9
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	27,935	13,950	13,985	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	520	230	290	1.9	1.6	2.1
All industries¹⁹¹	27,420	13,720	13,695	98.2	98.4	97.9
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	875	660	220	3.1	4.7	1.6
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	125	110	15	0.4	0.8	0.1
22 Utilities	270	235	35	1.0	1.7	0.3
23 Construction	1,470	1,305	165	5.3	9.4	1.2
31-33 Manufacturing	1,265	980	285	4.5	7.0	2.0
41 Wholesale trade	545	410	140	2.0	2.9	1.0
44-45 Retail trade	3,650	1,895	1,755	13.1	13.6	12.5
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	995	870	125	3.6	6.2	0.9
51 Information and cultural industries	1,245	835	415	4.5	6.0	3.0
52 Finance and insurance	620	270	350	2.2	1.9	2.5
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	225	130	95	0.8	0.9	0.7
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,380	715	660	4.9	5.1	4.7
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	890	590	300	3.2	4.2	2.1
61 Educational services	2,790	940	1,850	10.0	6.7	13.2
62 Health care and social assistance	5,570	1,160	4,415	19.9	8.3	31.6
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	475	275	195	1.7	2.0	1.4
72 Accommodation and food services	1,465	670	795	5.2	4.8	5.7
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,390	575	820	5.0	4.1	5.9
91 Public administration	2,145	1,095	1,050	7.7	7.8	7.5
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	30,495	15,355	15,140	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	190	140	50	0.6	0.9	0.3
French	27,515	13,415	14,105	90.2	87.4	93.2
Non-official language	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
English and French	2,690	1,740	955	8.8	11.3	6.3
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	35	25	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	30,495	15,355	15,140	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	30,220	15,180	15,040	99.1	98.9	99.3
Official languages	30,200	15,160	15,040	99.0	98.7	99.3
English	500	355	145	1.6	2.3	1.0
French	29,695	14,805	14,890	97.4	96.4	98.3
Non-official languages	25	25	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	25	25	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	275	175	105	0.9	1.1	0.7
English and French	275	175	105	0.9	1.1	0.7
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	30,495	15,355	15,140	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	27,995	13,740	14,255	91.8	89.5	94.2
English	2,115	1,365	755	6.9	8.9	5.0
French	310	215	95	1.0	1.4	0.6
Non-official language	45	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	45	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	25,800	12,845	12,955	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	4,485	2,180	2,305	17.4	17.0	17.8
Worked outside Canada	20	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
No fixed workplace address	2,405	1,825	580	9.3	14.2	4.5
Usual place of work	18,895	8,815	10,080	73.2	68.6	77.8
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	18,890	8,820	10,080	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	14,270	6,345	7,920	75.5	71.9	78.6
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	2,205	1,060	1,145	11.7	12.0	11.4
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	2,345	1,360	980	12.4	15.4	9.7
Commute to a different province or territory	75	45	25	0.4	0.5	0.2
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	21,300	10,645	10,655	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	18,870	9,435	9,435	88.6	88.6	88.5
Car, truck or van - as a driver	17,850	9,035	8,820	83.8	84.9	82.8
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	1,020	400	620	4.8	3.8	5.8
Public transit	165	80	85	0.8	0.8	0.8
Walked	1,625	720	905	7.6	6.8	8.5
Bicycle	200	135	65	0.9	1.3	0.6
Other method	435	270	165	2.0	2.5	1.5
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	21,300	10,645	10,655	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	12,400	5,850	6,555	58.2	55.0	61.5
15 to 29 minutes	6,195	3,170	3,025	29.1	29.8	28.4
30 to 44 minutes	1,840	985	855	8.6	9.3	8.0
45 to 59 minutes	345	230	110	1.6	2.2	1.0
60 minutes and over	515	410	110	2.4	3.9	1.0
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	21,300	10,645	10,655	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	795	595	195	3.7	5.6	1.8
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	2,360	1,670	695	11.1	15.7	6.5
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	8,210	3,920	4,290	38.5	36.8	40.3
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	5,290	2,235	3,055	24.8	21.0	28.7
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,550	630	930	7.3	5.9	8.7
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	3,090	1,600	1,490	14.5	15.0	14.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	10,065	5,195	4,865	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	395	215	175	3.9	4.1	3.6
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	9,670	4,980	4,690	96.1	95.9	96.4
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	7,410	3,835	3,575	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	295	165	135	4.0	4.3	3.8
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	155	95	60	2.1	2.5	1.7
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	135	65	70	1.8	1.7	2.0
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	7,120	3,670	3,445	96.1	95.7	96.4

Symbol legend

...
not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 18, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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