Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Rimouski-Neigette--Témiscouata--Les BasquesMore information: Quebec [Federal electoral district (2013 Representation Order)]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	85,556	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	84,918	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	0.8	...	...	0.8	...	...
Total private dwellings²	45,434	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	40,593	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	11.1	...	...	11.1	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	7,724.44	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	85,560	42,225	43,335	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	11,990	6,205	5,780	14.0	14.7	13.3
0 to 4 years	3,520	1,825	1,700	4.1	4.3	3.9
5 to 9 years	4,140	2,135	2,000	4.8	5.1	4.6
10 to 14 years	4,330	2,245	2,080	5.1	5.3	4.8
15 to 64 years	49,955	24,885	25,070	58.4	58.9	57.9
15 to 19 years	3,900	2,005	1,890	4.6	4.7	4.4
20 to 24 years	3,950	2,020	1,930	4.6	4.8	4.5
25 to 29 years	4,300	2,150	2,150	5.0	5.1	5.0
30 to 34 years	4,410	2,260	2,155	5.2	5.4	5.0
35 to 39 years	4,560	2,265	2,295	5.3	5.4	5.3
40 to 44 years	5,080	2,575	2,510	5.9	6.1	5.8
45 to 49 years	4,500	2,235	2,270	5.3	5.3	5.2
50 to 54 years	4,670	2,300	2,370	5.5	5.4	5.5
55 to 59 years	6,620	3,185	3,435	7.7	7.5	7.9
60 to 64 years	7,960	3,895	4,065	9.3	9.2	9.4
65 years and over	23,610	11,130	12,475	27.6	26.4	28.8
65 to 69 years	7,710	3,810	3,900	9.0	9.0	9.0
70 to 74 years	6,405	3,150	3,260	7.5	7.5	7.5
75 to 79 years	4,310	2,055	2,255	5.0	4.9	5.2
80 to 84 years	2,610	1,200	1,415	3.1	2.8	3.3
85 years and over	2,565	920	1,645	3.0	2.2	3.8
85 to 89 years	1,560	595	965	1.8	1.4	2.2
90 to 94 years	785	280	505	0.9	0.7	1.2
95 to 99 years	200	40	160	0.2	0.1	0.4
100 years and over	20	5	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	14.0	14.7	13.3	14.0	14.7	13.3
15 to 64 years	58.4	58.9	57.9	58.4	58.9	57.9
65 years and over	27.6	26.4	28.8	27.6	26.4	28.8
85 years and over	3.0	2.2	3.8	3.0	2.2	3.8
Average age of the population	46.8	45.8	47.7	46.8	45.8	47.7
Median age of the population	50.0	48.8	51.6	50.0	48.8	51.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	40,595	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	24,790	...	...	61.1	...	...
Semi-detached house	2,675	...	...	6.6	...	...
Row house	850	...	...	2.1	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	1,800	...	...	4.4	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	9,275	...	...	22.8	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	495	...	...	1.2	...	...
Other single-attached house	285	...	...	0.7	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	430	...	...	1.1	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	40,595	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	15,425	...	...	38.0	...	...
2 persons	15,640	...	...	38.5	...	...
3 persons	4,230	...	...	10.4	...	...
4 persons	3,585	...	...	8.8	...	...
5 or more persons	1,705	...	...	4.2	...	...
Number of persons in private households	82,960	41,315	41,650	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	73,570	36,015	37,550	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	42,780	21,395	21,380	58.1	59.4	56.9
Married	21,480	10,770	10,710	29.2	29.9	28.5
Living common-law	21,305	10,630	10,670	29.0	29.5	28.4
Living common law - Never married	17,625	8,735	8,890	24.0	24.3	23.7
Living common law - Separated	215	100	115	0.3	0.3	0.3
Living common law - Divorced	2,975	1,590	1,380	4.0	4.4	3.7
Living common law - Widowed	490	205	290	0.7	0.6	0.8
Not married and not living common-law	30,785	14,620	16,165	41.8	40.6	43.0
Not married and not living common law - Never married	20,575	11,035	9,535	28.0	30.6	25.4
Not married and not living common law - Separated	805	400	400	1.1	1.1	1.1
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	4,700	1,995	2,705	6.4	5.5	7.2
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	4,710	1,190	3,520	6.4	3.3	9.4
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	24,135	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	15,165	...	...	62.8	...	...
3 persons	3,985	...	...	16.5	...	...
4 persons	3,435	...	...	14.2	...	...
5 or more persons	1,555	...	...	6.4	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	24,140	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	21,010	...	...	87.0	...	...
Married couples	10,380	...	...	43.0	...	...
With children⁶	2,660	...	...	11.0	...	...
Without children	7,720	...	...	32.0	...	...
Common-law couples	10,630	...	...	44.0	...	...
With children⁶	5,135	...	...	21.3	...	...
Without children	5,495	...	...	22.8	...	...
Total one-parent families	3,125	...	...	12.9	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	2,215	...	...	9.2	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	910	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	82,960	41,310	41,645	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	64,290	32,220	32,070	77.5	78.0	77.0
Married spouses or common-law partners	42,025	20,980	21,040	50.7	50.8	50.5
Parents in one-parent families	3,125	910	2,215	3.8	2.2	5.3
Children⁶	19,145	10,325	8,815	23.1	25.0	21.2
In a two-parent family	14,505	7,755	6,755	17.5	18.8	16.2
In a one-parent family	4,640	2,575	2,060	5.6	6.2	4.9
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	18,670	9,090	9,580	22.5	22.0	23.0
Living alone	15,425	7,355	8,070	18.6	17.8	19.4
Living with other relatives⁷	1,150	555	595	1.4	1.3	1.4
Living with non-relatives only	2,095	1,185	905	2.5	2.9	2.2
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	40,595	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	23,430	...	...	57.7	...	...
Couple-family households	20,535	...	...	50.6	...	...
With children⁶	7,625	...	...	18.8	...	...
Without children	12,910	...	...	31.8	...	...
One-parent-family households	2,895	...	...	7.1	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	175	...	...	0.4	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	30	...	...	0.1	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	405	...	...	1.0	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	1,125	...	...	2.8	...	...
One-person households	15,425	...	...	38.0	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	70,985	35,120	35,865	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	70,000	34,670	35,330	98.6	98.7	98.5
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,000	41,600	35,200	38,000	41,600	35,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	70,010	34,675	35,330	98.6	98.7	98.5
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,000	36,400	31,600	34,000	36,400	31,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	62,175	31,345	30,830	87.6	89.3	86.0
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	30,200	34,000	26,600	30,200	34,000	26,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	47,030	24,755	22,270	66.3	70.5	62.1
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	32,400	34,800	29,800	32,400	34,800	29,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	59,965	28,715	31,250	84.5	81.8	87.1
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,600	12,500	12,600	12,600	12,500	12,600
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	10,480	6,190	4,290	14.8	17.6	12.0
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,960	6,280	5,480	5,960	6,280	5,480
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	16,625	8,685	7,940	23.4	24.7	22.1
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	6,000	6,500	6,000	6,000	6,500
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	70,935	35,055	35,875	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	69,925	34,585	35,345	98.6	98.7	98.5
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	45,160	48,800	41,600	45,160	48,800	41,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	69,940	34,585	35,355	98.6	98.7	98.6
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,120	40,600	35,720	38,120	40,600	35,720
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	62,205	31,320	30,885	87.7	89.3	86.1
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,400	42,360	34,400	38,400	42,360	34,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	46,975	24,755	22,220	66.2	70.6	61.9
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,840	42,120	37,320	39,840	42,120	37,320
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	59,670	28,620	31,050	84.1	81.6	86.6
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,880	12,610	13,120	12,880	12,610	13,120
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	10,390	6,185	4,205	14.6	17.6	11.7
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,490	7,410	7,600	7,490	7,410	7,600
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	16,145	8,535	7,610	22.8	24.3	21.2
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,200	6,940	7,500	7,200	6,940	7,500
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	70,935	35,055	35,875	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	20,690	10,760	9,935	29.2	30.7	27.7
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	53,200	56,800	49,600	53,200	56,800	49,600
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	60,650	64,200	56,800	60,650	64,200	56,800
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	20,855	10,660	10,195	29.4	30.4	28.4
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	19,600	21,400	17,400	19,600	21,400	17,400
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	26,800	29,560	23,960	26,800	29,560	23,960
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	75.6	78.6	72.2	75.6	78.6	72.2
Employment income (%)¹⁹	59.3	61.7	56.4	59.3	61.7	56.4
Government transfers (%)²⁰	24.4	21.4	27.8	24.4	21.4	27.8
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.5	2.7	2.2	2.5	2.7	2.2
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	4.6	4.2	5.0	4.6	4.2	5.0
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	3.7	3.5	3.9	3.7	3.5	3.9
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	70,985	35,120	35,870	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	985	450	540	1.4	1.3	1.5
With total income	70,000	34,670	35,325	98.6	98.7	98.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	4,140	1,735	2,400	5.9	5.0	6.8
$10,000 to $19,999	9,660	3,955	5,700	13.8	11.4	16.1
$20,000 to $29,999	12,795	6,015	6,780	18.3	17.3	19.2
$30,000 to $39,999	10,205	4,810	5,395	14.6	13.9	15.3
$40,000 to $49,999	9,805	4,880	4,930	14.0	14.1	14.0
$50,000 to $59,999	7,355	3,935	3,425	10.5	11.3	9.7
$60,000 to $69,999	4,925	2,850	2,075	7.0	8.2	5.9
$70,000 to $79,999	3,285	1,890	1,390	4.7	5.5	3.9
$80,000 to $89,999	2,485	1,335	1,145	3.6	3.9	3.2
$90,000 to $99,999	1,690	895	800	2.4	2.6	2.3
$100,000 and over	3,650	2,370	1,285	5.2	6.8	3.6
$100,000 to $149,999	2,730	1,750	980	3.9	5.0	2.8
$150,000 and over	920	620	300	1.3	1.8	0.8
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	70,985	35,120	35,870	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	980	440	535	1.4	1.3	1.5
With after-tax income	70,005	34,680	35,330	98.6	98.7	98.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	4,445	1,815	2,635	6.3	5.2	7.5
$10,000 to $19,999	10,080	4,185	5,895	14.4	12.1	16.7
$20,000 to $29,999	15,045	7,070	7,970	21.5	20.4	22.6
$30,000 to $39,999	13,105	6,515	6,585	18.7	18.8	18.6
$40,000 to $49,999	10,825	5,695	5,135	15.5	16.4	14.5
$50,000 to $59,999	6,660	3,810	2,855	9.5	11.0	8.1
$60,000 to $69,999	4,015	2,195	1,815	5.7	6.3	5.1
$70,000 to $79,999	2,495	1,305	1,185	3.6	3.8	3.4
$80,000 to $89,999	1,305	760	545	1.9	2.2	1.5
$90,000 to $99,999	745	485	265	1.1	1.4	0.8
$100,000 and over	1,285	840	445	1.8	2.4	1.3
$100,000 to $124,999	710	465	240	1.0	1.3	0.7
$125,000 and over	575	370	205	0.8	1.1	0.6
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	70,985	35,120	35,870	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	23,955	10,360	13,595	33.7	29.5	37.9
With employment income	47,030	24,755	22,275	66.3	70.5	62.1
Under $5,000 (including loss)	6,595	3,585	3,010	14.0	14.5	13.5
$5,000 to $9,999	3,840	1,755	2,080	8.2	7.1	9.3
$10,000 to $19,999	6,110	2,900	3,215	13.0	11.7	14.4
$20,000 to $29,999	5,545	2,680	2,870	11.8	10.8	12.9
$30,000 to $39,999	5,535	2,835	2,700	11.8	11.5	12.1
$40,000 to $49,999	5,020	2,575	2,450	10.7	10.4	11.0
$50,000 to $59,999	3,855	2,205	1,645	8.2	8.9	7.4
$60,000 to $69,999	2,820	1,685	1,135	6.0	6.8	5.1
$70,000 to $79,999	2,095	1,185	910	4.5	4.8	4.1
$80,000 to $89,999	1,910	960	950	4.1	3.9	4.3
$90,000 to $99,999	1,105	655	450	2.3	2.6	2.0
$100,000 and over	2,595	1,725	865	5.5	7.0	3.9
$100,000 to $124,999	1,435	920	510	3.1	3.7	2.3
$125,000 and over	1,160	805	355	2.5	3.3	1.6
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	70,985	35,120	35,865	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	69,220	34,240	34,980	97.5	97.5	97.5
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,000	40,000	32,000	36,000	40,000	32,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	69,255	34,240	35,015	97.6	97.5	97.6
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	32,000	35,200	29,200	32,000	35,200	29,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	61,450	31,000	30,455	86.6	88.3	84.9
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	31,000	35,600	27,000	31,000	35,600	27,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	47,880	25,015	22,870	67.5	71.2	63.8
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	32,400	36,000	29,200	32,400	36,000	29,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	55,875	26,495	29,380	78.7	75.4	81.9
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,000	9,600	10,200	10,000	9,600	10,200
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	10,795	6,385	4,415	15.2	18.2	12.3
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,400	5,800	4,840	5,400	5,800	4,840
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	70,935	35,055	35,875	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	69,230	34,225	35,000	97.6	97.6	97.6
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	43,000	47,400	38,680	43,000	47,400	38,680
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	69,265	34,230	35,040	97.6	97.6	97.7
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,120	39,160	33,160	36,120	39,160	33,160
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	61,380	30,950	30,430	86.5	88.3	84.8
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,880	43,600	34,080	38,880	43,600	34,080
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	47,860	24,995	22,865	67.5	71.3	63.7
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,440	42,760	35,760	39,440	42,760	35,760
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	55,545	26,285	29,260	78.3	75.0	81.6
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,610	10,380	10,830	10,610	10,380	10,830
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	10,825	6,415	4,410	15.3	18.3	12.3
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,980	6,860	7,160	6,980	6,860	7,160
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	70,935	35,055	35,875	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	20,630	10,740	9,885	29.1	30.6	27.6
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	50,400	54,400	46,000	50,400	54,400	46,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	57,200	61,900	52,100	57,200	61,900	52,100
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	19,970	10,195	9,775	28.2	29.1	27.2
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	22,400	26,000	19,800	22,400	26,000	19,800
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	29,840	33,120	26,400	29,840	33,120	26,400
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	80.2	83.2	76.6	80.2	83.2	76.6
Employment income (%)	63.4	66.0	60.4	63.4	66.0	60.4
Government transfers (%)	19.8	16.8	23.4	19.8	16.8	23.4
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.5	2.7	2.3	2.5	2.7	2.3
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	40,590	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	62,800	...	...	62,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	55,600	...	...	55,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	15,425	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	34,000	...	...	34,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	31,200	...	...	31,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	25,165	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	87,000	...	...	87,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	76,000	...	...	76,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	40,595	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	77,800	...	...	77,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	65,700	...	...	65,700	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	15,465	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	41,240	...	...	41,240	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	35,520	...	...	35,520	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	25,130	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	100,300	...	...	100,300	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	84,200	...	...	84,200	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	40,590	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	230	...	...	0.6	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	215	...	...	0.5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	680	...	...	1.7	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,135	...	...	2.8	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	3,180	...	...	7.8	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,785	...	...	4.4	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,945	...	...	4.8	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,445	...	...	6.0	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,170	...	...	5.3	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,045	...	...	5.0	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,605	...	...	8.9	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,105	...	...	7.6	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,820	...	...	6.9	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,500	...	...	6.2	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,140	...	...	5.3	...	...
$100,000 and over	10,600	...	...	26.1	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	4,050	...	...	10.0	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,595	...	...	6.4	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	2,515	...	...	6.2	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,440	...	...	3.5	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	40,590	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	260	...	...	0.6	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	225	...	...	0.6	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	700	...	...	1.7	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,195	...	...	2.9	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	3,365	...	...	8.3	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	2,205	...	...	5.4	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,450	...	...	6.0	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,880	...	...	7.1	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,545	...	...	6.3	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,175	...	...	5.4	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	4,060	...	...	10.0	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,505	...	...	8.6	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,130	...	...	7.7	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,680	...	...	6.6	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,045	...	...	5.0	...	...
$100,000 and over	7,170	...	...	17.7	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,550	...	...	8.7	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,880	...	...	4.6	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,740	...	...	4.3	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	24,360	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	88,000	...	...	88,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	76,000	...	...	76,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	12,980	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	75,500	...	...	75,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	66,000	...	...	66,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	7,820	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	127,000	...	...	127,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	107,000	...	...	107,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	3,080	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	65,500	...	...	65,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	59,200	...	...	59,200	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.5	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	17,525	8,545	8,980	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	33,200	35,200	31,800	33,200	35,200	31,800
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	30,600	31,800	29,600	30,600	31,800	29,600
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	24,360	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	100,800	...	...	100,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	84,600	...	...	84,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	13,010	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	84,900	...	...	84,900	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	71,900	...	...	71,900	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	7,795	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	138,400	...	...	138,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	113,700	...	...	113,700	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	3,085	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	76,000	...	...	76,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	66,200	...	...	66,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	17,430	8,395	9,040	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	40,280	42,080	38,600	40,280	42,080	38,600
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	34,760	35,920	33,720	34,760	35,920	33,720
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	82,965	41,315	41,650	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	14,300	7,405	6,895	17.2	17.9	16.6
0 to 5 years	4,305	2,225	2,070	5.2	5.4	5.0
18 to 64 years	47,355	23,520	23,835	57.1	56.9	57.2
65 years and over	21,310	10,390	10,920	25.7	25.1	26.2
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	11,540	5,465	6,075	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	1,150	625	525	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	340	185	160	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	5,225	2,625	2,600	...	...	...
65 years and over	5,160	2,210	2,955	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	13.9	13.2	14.6	13.9	13.2	14.6
0 to 17 years (%)	8.1	8.5	7.6	8.1	8.5	7.6
0 to 5 years (%)	8.0	8.2	7.7	8.0	8.2	7.7
18 to 64 years (%)	11.0	11.2	10.9	11.0	11.2	10.9
65 years and over (%)	24.2	21.3	27.0	24.2	21.3	27.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	82,960	41,310	41,645	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	14,295	7,405	6,895	17.2	17.9	16.6
0 to 5 years	4,300	2,230	2,075	5.2	5.4	5.0
18 to 64 years	47,355	23,520	23,840	57.1	56.9	57.2
65 years and over	21,310	10,390	10,915	25.7	25.2	26.2
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	2,740	1,435	1,305	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	215	105	115	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	65	30	35	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	2,275	1,220	1,050	...	...	...
65 years and over	250	110	145	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.3	3.5	3.1	3.3	3.5	3.1
0 to 17 years (%)	1.5	1.4	1.7	1.5	1.4	1.7
0 to 5 years (%)	1.5	1.3	1.7	1.5	1.3	1.7
18 to 64 years (%)	4.8	5.2	4.4	4.8	5.2	4.4
65 years and over (%)	1.2	1.1	1.3	1.2	1.1	1.3
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	82,965	41,315	41,650	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	51,340	25,170	26,170	61.9	60.9	62.8
In bottom decile	9,085	4,335	4,750	11.0	10.5	11.4
In second decile	10,675	5,155	5,520	12.9	12.5	13.3
In third decile	10,735	5,285	5,455	12.9	12.8	13.1
In fourth decile	10,710	5,285	5,425	12.9	12.8	13.0
In fifth decile	10,135	5,115	5,025	12.2	12.4	12.1
In top half of the distribution	31,620	16,140	15,475	38.1	39.1	37.2
In sixth decile	9,285	4,700	4,585	11.2	11.4	11.0
In seventh decile	7,865	3,985	3,880	9.5	9.6	9.3
In eighth decile	6,560	3,385	3,180	7.9	8.2	7.6
In ninth decile	4,980	2,555	2,420	6.0	6.2	5.8
In top decile	2,930	1,515	1,415	3.5	3.7	3.4
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	82,960	...	...	82,960	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.299	...	...	0.299	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.445	...	...	0.445	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.255	...	...	0.255	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.2	...	...	3.2	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	84,840	41,900	42,935	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	90	55	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
French only	64,870	30,770	34,100	76.5	73.4	79.4
English and French	19,830	11,050	8,780	23.4	26.4	20.4
Neither English nor French	55	35	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	84,840	41,900	42,935	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	610	290	320	0.7	0.7	0.7
French	84,005	41,485	42,520	99.0	99.0	99.0
English and French	175	95	80	0.2	0.2	0.2
Neither English nor French	50	30	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	84,840	41,900	42,935	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	84,315	41,605	42,710	99.4	99.3	99.5
Official languages	83,535	41,180	42,355	98.5	98.3	98.6
English	565	265	295	0.7	0.6	0.7
French	82,970	40,910	42,060	97.8	97.6	98.0
Non-official languages	785	425	355	0.9	1.0	0.8
Indigenous languages³⁹	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	780	425	350	0.9	1.0	0.8
Afro-Asiatic languages	150	100	50	0.2	0.2	0.1
Berber languages	20	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	20	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	130	85	50	0.2	0.2	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	130	85	50	0.2	0.2	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	55	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Haitian Creole	20	5	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	335	185	155	0.4	0.4	0.4
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	35	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	35	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	40	15	25	0.0	0.0	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	25	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	255	145	110	0.3	0.3	0.3
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	35	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	190	105	85	0.2	0.3	0.2
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	130	75	60	0.2	0.2	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	60	30	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	20	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	45	20	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
Chinese languages	45	20	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	30	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	525	295	225	0.6	0.7	0.5
English and French	370	210	160	0.4	0.5	0.4
English and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	125	70	55	0.1	0.2	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	84,840	41,900	42,935	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	225	115	110	0.3	0.3	0.3
French	82,170	40,445	41,730	96.9	96.5	97.2
Non-official language	180	110	65	0.2	0.3	0.2
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	180	110	65	0.2	0.3	0.2
English and French	1,555	870	685	1.8	2.1	1.6
English and non-official language(s)	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	525	270	255	0.6	0.6	0.6
English, French and non-official language(s)	165	80	80	0.2	0.2	0.2
Multiple non-official languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	84,840	41,900	42,935	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	84,475	41,710	42,760	99.6	99.5	99.6
Official languages	84,100	41,495	42,600	99.1	99.0	99.2
English	355	185	170	0.4	0.4	0.4
French	83,740	41,310	42,425	98.7	98.6	98.8
Non-official languages	375	210	165	0.4	0.5	0.4
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	370	210	165	0.4	0.5	0.4
Afro-Asiatic languages	55	30	20	0.1	0.1	0.0
Berber languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	50	30	20	0.1	0.1	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	50	30	20	0.1	0.1	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	10	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	165	95	75	0.2	0.2	0.2
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	145	85	60	0.2	0.2	0.1
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	120	70	45	0.1	0.2	0.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	55	30	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	40	25	20	0.0	0.1	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	35	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	35	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	370	195	175	0.4	0.5	0.4
English and French	230	115	110	0.3	0.3	0.3
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	125	65	60	0.1	0.2	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	84,840	41,905	42,935	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	82,905	40,845	42,060	97.7	97.5	98.0
English	1,250	715	535	1.5	1.7	1.2
French	255	130	125	0.3	0.3	0.3
Non-official language	265	125	135	0.3	0.3	0.3
Indigenous³⁹	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	260	125	135	0.3	0.3	0.3
English and French	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	90	40	50	0.1	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	35	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	20	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	82,965	41,315	41,650	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	82,890	41,255	41,630	99.9	99.9	100.0
English	19,720	11,045	8,675	23.8	26.7	20.8
French	82,790	41,205	41,590	99.8	99.7	99.9
Non-official languages	2,810	1,420	1,390	3.4	3.4	3.3
Indigenous languages³⁹	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	2,805	1,415	1,390	3.4	3.4	3.3
Afro-Asiatic languages	305	180	120	0.4	0.4	0.3
Berber languages	35	25	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Kabyle	20	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	35	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	30	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	260	155	105	0.3	0.4	0.3
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	250	145	100	0.3	0.4	0.2
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	30	20	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	30	20	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	30	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	85	35	50	0.1	0.1	0.1
Haitian Creole	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	35	25	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	2,025	990	1,040	2.4	2.4	2.5
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	100	65	30	0.1	0.2	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	100	60	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	40	35	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	30	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	155	70	80	0.2	0.2	0.2
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	115	55	60	0.1	0.1	0.1
German	115	55	60	0.1	0.1	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	20	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,815	875	940	2.2	2.1	2.3
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	130	60	70	0.2	0.1	0.2
Portuguese	125	60	65	0.2	0.1	0.2
Romanian	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	1,610	775	835	1.9	1.9	2.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	270	145	125	0.3	0.4	0.3
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	35	30	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	145	70	65	0.2	0.2	0.2
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	55	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	80	60	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	35	20	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	15	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	20	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	75	30	55	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages	75	20	55	0.1	0.0	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	55	15	40	0.1	0.0	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	82,960	41,310	41,650	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	1,595	825	765	1.9	2.0	1.8
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	1,465	745	725	1.8	1.8	1.7
First Nations (North American Indian)	730	340	380	0.9	0.8	0.9
Métis	730	400	330	0.9	1.0	0.8
Inuk (Inuit)	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	25	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	100	65	35	0.1	0.2	0.1
Non-Indigenous identity	81,370	40,490	40,880	98.1	98.0	98.2
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	82,960	41,310	41,650	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	435	250	190	0.5	0.6	0.5
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	82,525	41,065	41,455	99.5	99.4	99.5
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	40,590	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	27,685	...	...	68.2	...	...
Renter	12,910	...	...	31.8	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	40,590	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	2,815	...	...	6.9	...	...
Not condominium	37,780	...	...	93.1	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	40,590	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	300	...	...	0.7	...	...
1 bedroom	4,980	...	...	12.3	...	...
2 bedrooms	10,860	...	...	26.8	...	...
3 bedrooms	13,635	...	...	33.6	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	10,815	...	...	26.6	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	40,590	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	11,285	...	...	27.8	...	...
5 rooms	6,210	...	...	15.3	...	...
6 rooms	5,420	...	...	13.4	...	...
7 rooms	5,350	...	...	13.2	...	...
8 or more rooms	12,335	...	...	30.4	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.3	...	...	6.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	40,590	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	40,510	...	...	99.8	...	...
More than one person per room	85	...	...	0.2	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	40,590	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	40,225	...	...	99.1	...	...
Not suitable	365	...	...	0.9	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	40,590	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	11,995	...	...	29.6	...	...
1961 to 1980	12,505	...	...	30.8	...	...
1981 to 1990	5,605	...	...	13.8	...	...
1991 to 2000	3,770	...	...	9.3	...	...
2001 to 2005	1,250	...	...	3.1	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,840	...	...	4.5	...	...
2011 to 2015	2,295	...	...	5.7	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	1,330	...	...	3.3	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	40,590	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	38,190	...	...	94.1	...	...
Major repairs needed	2,400	...	...	5.9	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	40,590	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	23,610	...	...	58.2	...	...
Two-maintainer household	16,480	...	...	40.6	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	500	...	...	1.2	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	40,590	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	1,365	...	...	3.4	...	...
25 to 34 years	4,690	...	...	11.6	...	...
35 to 44 years	5,690	...	...	14.0	...	...
45 to 54 years	5,625	...	...	13.9	...	...
55 to 64 years	8,850	...	...	21.8	...	...
65 to 74 years	9,020	...	...	22.2	...	...
75 to 84 years	4,390	...	...	10.8	...	...
85 years and over	960	...	...	2.4	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	40,225	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	36,015	...	...	89.5	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	4,210	...	...	10.5	...	...
30% to less than 100%	3,970	...	...	9.9	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	40,590	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	6,615	...	...	16.3	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	3,895	...	...	9.6	...	...
Not suitable only	310	...	...	0.8	...	...
Major repairs needed only	2,050	...	...	5.1	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	15	...	...	0.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	300	...	...	0.7	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	40	...	...	0.1	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	33,980	...	...	83.7	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	39,985	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	1,485	...	...	3.7	...	...
Not in core need	38,495	...	...	96.3	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	27,440	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	54.2	...	...	54.2	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	6.5	...	...	6.5	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	2.2	...	...	2.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	715	...	...	715	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	846	...	...	846	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	200,000	...	...	200,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	205,600	...	...	205,600	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	12,855	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	14.5	...	...	14.5	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	19.0	...	...	19.0	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	7.0	...	...	7.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	612	...	...	612	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	642	...	...	642	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	82,960	41,315	41,645	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	1,535	775	760	1.9	1.9	1.8
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	1,510	760	745	1.8	1.8	1.8
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	1,145	565	580	1.4	1.4	1.4
Métis single ancestry	335	190	145	0.4	0.5	0.3
Inuit single ancestry	25	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	1,945	1,000	945	2.3	2.4	2.3
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	1,925	990	940	2.3	2.4	2.3
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	1,765	880	880	2.1	2.1	2.1
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	150	100	45	0.2	0.2	0.1
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	20	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	20	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	79,480	39,535	39,950	95.8	95.7	95.9
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	82,965	41,315	41,650	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	81,865	40,750	41,120	98.7	98.6	98.7
Canadian citizens aged under 18	14,255	7,455	6,800	17.2	18.0	16.3
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	67,605	33,295	34,310	81.5	80.6	82.4
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	1,095	565	535	1.3	1.4	1.3
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	82,965	41,315	41,650	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	80,980	40,265	40,710	97.6	97.5	97.7
Immigrants⁸¹	1,450	775	670	1.7	1.9	1.6
Before 1980	215	120	100	0.3	0.3	0.2
1980 to 1990	110	45	70	0.1	0.1	0.2
1991 to 2000	200	95	105	0.2	0.2	0.3
2001 to 2010	355	185	170	0.4	0.4	0.4
2011 to 2021⁸²	560	330	235	0.7	0.8	0.6
2011 to 2015	155	100	60	0.2	0.2	0.1
2016 to 2021	405	230	175	0.5	0.6	0.4
Non-permanent residents⁸³	540	270	265	0.7	0.7	0.6
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	1,445	775	675	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	200	110	85	13.8	14.2	12.6
5 to 14 years	265	150	115	18.3	19.4	17.0
15 to 24 years	235	100	135	16.3	12.9	20.0
25 to 44 years	655	350	305	45.3	45.2	45.2
45 years and over	95	60	40	6.6	7.7	5.9
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	1,445	775	675	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	260	100	160	18.0	12.9	23.7
Brazil	10	0	0	0.7	0.0	0.0
Colombia	45	25	20	3.1	3.2	3.0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	30	0	25	2.1	0.0	3.7
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	25	15	10	1.7	1.9	1.5
Peru	10	0	10	0.7	0.0	1.5
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	50	10	45	3.5	1.3	6.7
Other places of birth in Americas	95	45	45	6.6	5.8	6.7
Europe	655	375	285	45.3	48.4	42.2
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	450	270	175	31.1	34.8	25.9
Germany	20	10	10	1.4	1.3	1.5
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	10	0	0	0.7	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	15	0	10	1.0	0.0	1.5
Portugal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	20	10	15	1.4	1.3	2.2
Other places of birth in Europe	100	55	50	6.9	7.1	7.4
Africa	425	245	180	29.4	31.6	26.7
Algeria	40	15	20	2.8	1.9	3.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	85	40	45	5.9	5.2	6.7
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	50	30	15	3.5	3.9	2.2
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	245	150	95	17.0	19.4	14.1
Asia	95	45	50	6.6	5.8	7.4
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	15	10	0	1.0	1.3	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	35	0	30	2.4	0.0	4.4
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	15	10	0	1.0	1.3	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	15	15	0	1.0	1.9	0.0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	10	0	0	0.7	0.0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	410	235	170	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	75	45	35	18.3	19.1	20.6
Brazil	10	0	0	2.4	0.0	0.0
Colombia	25	10	10	6.1	4.3	5.9
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	30	15	20	7.3	6.4	11.8
Europe	75	45	30	18.3	19.1	17.6
France	65	40	25	15.9	17.0	14.7
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	235	140	90	57.3	59.6	52.9
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	35	15	15	8.5	6.4	8.8
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	80	35	40	19.5	14.9	23.5
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	15	0	0	3.7	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	90	70	20	22.0	29.8	11.8
Asia	15	0	10	3.7	0.0	5.9
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	82,965	41,315	41,650	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	2,235	1,145	1,090	2.7	2.8	2.6
Second generation¹⁰¹	1,630	815	820	2.0	2.0	2.0
Third generation or more¹⁰²	79,095	39,355	39,735	95.3	95.3	95.4
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	1,235	655	580	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	630	360	270	51.0	55.0	46.6
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	365	220	145	29.6	33.6	25.0
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	265	140	125	21.5	21.4	21.6
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	355	150	205	28.7	22.9	35.3
Refugees¹⁰⁸	235	140	100	19.0	21.4	17.2
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	10	0	0	0.8	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	1,235	655	580	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	15	0	10	1.2	0.0	1.7
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	140	80	60	11.3	12.2	10.3
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	65	45	25	5.3	6.9	4.3
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	165	85	80	13.4	13.0	13.8
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	15	0	10	1.2	0.0	1.7
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	840	440	400	68.0	67.2	69.0
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	82,960	41,310	41,650	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	1,410	715	700	1.7	1.7	1.7
South Asian	35	15	25	0.0	0.0	0.1
Chinese	155	30	125	0.2	0.1	0.3
Black	670	345	330	0.8	0.8	0.8
Filipino	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arab	205	135	65	0.2	0.3	0.2
Latin American	225	120	105	0.3	0.3	0.3
Southeast Asian	65	40	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple visible minorities	35	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	81,550	40,605	40,950	98.3	98.3	98.3
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	82,965	41,315	41,650	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	33,075	16,135	16,940	39.9	39.1	40.7
English	875	455	425	1.1	1.1	1.0
Irish	2,235	1,075	1,160	2.7	2.6	2.8
Scottish	980	470	510	1.2	1.1	1.2
French, n.o.s.¹²²	20,485	10,405	10,080	24.7	25.2	24.2
German	740	340	400	0.9	0.8	1.0
Chinese	150	25	130	0.2	0.1	0.3
Italian	575	345	235	0.7	0.8	0.6
Indian (India)	120	55	65	0.1	0.1	0.2
Ukrainian	25	20	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	75	30	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Polish	90	45	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Québécois	13,490	6,735	6,750	16.3	16.3	16.2
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	75	45	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Filipino	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French Canadian	9,595	4,735	4,860	11.6	11.5	11.7
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	1,680	805	870	2.0	1.9	2.1
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	1,200	620	575	1.4	1.5	1.4
Métis	530	325	210	0.6	0.8	0.5
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	930	455	475	1.1	1.1	1.1
Russian	60	40	20	0.1	0.1	0.0
Norwegian	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	120	75	50	0.1	0.2	0.1
American	295	145	150	0.4	0.4	0.4
Spanish	180	110	75	0.2	0.3	0.2
Swedish	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Acadian	1,585	755	835	1.9	1.8	2.0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	115	50	65	0.1	0.1	0.2
Jewish	55	30	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	50	35	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	65	45	20	0.1	0.1	0.0
Greek	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	115	40	75	0.1	0.1	0.2
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanese	70	35	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	1,030	490	540	1.2	1.2	1.3
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	385	220	165	0.5	0.5	0.4
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belgian	235	105	135	0.3	0.3	0.3
Haitian	75	20	55	0.1	0.0	0.1
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mennonite	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	130	60	65	0.2	0.1	0.2
Finnish	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	425	180	245	0.5	0.4	0.6
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	50	35	20	0.1	0.1	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombian	30	20	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moroccan	70	35	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Czech	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syrian	25	20	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	45	30	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Serbian	35	10	25	0.0	0.0	0.1
Ojibway	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	40	10	30	0.0	0.0	0.1
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	60	30	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Brazilian	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	25	0	25	0.0	0.0	0.1
Algonquin	150	60	90	0.2	0.1	0.2
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	15	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	95	50	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	35	25	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	80	35	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
New Brunswicker	150	60	95	0.2	0.1	0.2
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	25	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	35	20	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	35	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	150	65	85	0.2	0.2	0.2
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	70	30	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Guatemalan	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	15	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	75	50	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	95	50	50	0.1	0.1	0.1
Moldovan	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	40	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	160	70	90	0.2	0.2	0.2
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	35	25	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	55	50	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	225	125	100	0.3	0.3	0.2
Norman	230	110	115	0.3	0.3	0.3
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	55	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Saulteaux	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	15	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	30	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	25	20	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	50	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	15	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	305	165	140	0.4	0.4	0.3
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	82,960	41,310	41,650	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	65	25	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Christian	65,370	32,125	33,245	78.8	77.8	79.8
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	4,095	1,980	2,115	4.9	4.8	5.1
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	25	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baptist	65	30	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Catholic	60,500	29,765	30,730	72.9	72.1	73.8
Christian Orthodox	35	25	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Jehovah's Witness	175	85	90	0.2	0.2	0.2
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lutheran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	165	75	95	0.2	0.2	0.2
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	260	120	140	0.3	0.3	0.3
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	35	25	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Muslim	340	190	145	0.4	0.5	0.3
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	165	75	90	0.2	0.2	0.2
No religion and secular perspectives	16,975	8,865	8,105	20.5	21.5	19.5
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	82,350	40,955	41,395	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	74,015	36,945	37,075	89.9	90.2	89.6
Movers	8,340	4,015	4,325	10.1	9.8	10.4
Non-migrants	5,130	2,425	2,705	6.2	5.9	6.5
Migrants	3,205	1,585	1,615	3.9	3.9	3.9
Internal migrants	3,080	1,520	1,560	3.7	3.7	3.8
Intraprovincial migrants	2,930	1,430	1,500	3.6	3.5	3.6
Interprovincial migrants	145	90	60	0.2	0.2	0.1
External migrants	130	70	60	0.2	0.2	0.1
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	79,465	39,330	40,135	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	53,600	26,815	26,790	67.5	68.2	66.7
Movers	25,865	12,515	13,345	32.5	31.8	33.3
Non-migrants	11,535	5,450	6,085	14.5	13.9	15.2
Migrants	14,330	7,065	7,265	18.0	18.0	18.1
Internal migrants	13,585	6,680	6,905	17.1	17.0	17.2
Intraprovincial migrants	13,100	6,440	6,665	16.5	16.4	16.6
Interprovincial migrants	485	240	240	0.6	0.6	0.6
External migrants	750	385	360	0.9	1.0	0.9
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	70,935	35,055	35,875	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	15,735	9,250	6,480	22.2	26.4	18.1
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	55,200	25,805	29,400	77.8	73.6	82.0
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	41,825	20,540	21,285	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	6,885	4,370	2,520	16.5	21.3	11.8
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	34,940	16,170	18,765	83.5	78.7	88.2
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	70,935	35,060	35,880	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	13,815	7,820	5,990	19.5	22.3	16.7
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	14,800	6,780	8,020	20.9	19.3	22.4
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	42,320	20,460	21,865	59.7	58.4	60.9
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	29,545	15,100	14,450	41.7	43.1	40.3
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	14,130	8,740	5,390	19.9	24.9	15.0
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	10,660	6,010	4,650	15.0	17.1	13.0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	3,465	2,730	735	4.9	7.8	2.0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	12,845	5,470	7,375	18.1	15.6	20.6
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,575	890	1,685	3.6	2.5	4.7
Bachelor's degree or higher	12,780	5,365	7,415	18.0	15.3	20.7
Bachelor's degree	8,560	3,330	5,230	12.1	9.5	14.6
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	935	425	510	1.3	1.2	1.4
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	470	215	255	0.7	0.6	0.7
Master's degree	2,165	975	1,190	3.1	2.8	3.3
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	645	410	230	0.9	1.2	0.6
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	41,825	20,545	21,280	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	5,575	3,440	2,130	13.3	16.7	10.0
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	6,325	3,140	3,180	15.1	15.3	14.9
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	29,930	13,955	15,970	71.6	67.9	75.0
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	20,405	10,330	10,070	48.8	50.3	47.3
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	10,355	6,210	4,140	24.8	30.2	19.5
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	7,875	4,230	3,645	18.8	20.6	17.1
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	2,480	1,980	495	5.9	9.6	2.3
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	8,640	3,625	5,010	20.7	17.6	23.5
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,410	495	920	3.4	2.4	4.3
Bachelor's degree or higher	9,525	3,620	5,900	22.8	17.6	27.7
Bachelor's degree	6,240	2,200	4,045	14.9	10.7	19.0
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	725	310	415	1.7	1.5	2.0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	375	135	240	0.9	0.7	1.1
Master's degree	1,695	690	1,005	4.1	3.4	4.7
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	485	295	195	1.2	1.4	0.9
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	70,935	35,060	35,880	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	28,610	14,600	14,015	40.3	41.6	39.1
Education	4,155	945	3,210	5.9	2.7	8.9
13. Education	4,155	945	3,210	5.9	2.7	8.9
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	915	380	535	1.3	1.1	1.5
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	100	85	10	0.1	0.2	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	815	295	520	1.1	0.8	1.4
Humanities	1,695	790	905	2.4	2.3	2.5
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	105	30	80	0.1	0.1	0.2
23. English language and literature/letters	25	20	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	905	400	510	1.3	1.1	1.4
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	100	70	35	0.1	0.2	0.1
39. Theology and religious vocations	85	50	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
54. History	185	115	70	0.3	0.3	0.2
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	280	110	175	0.4	0.3	0.5
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,640	920	1,725	3.7	2.6	4.8
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	30	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	335	120	220	0.5	0.3	0.6
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	585	35	545	0.8	0.1	1.5
22. Legal professions and studies	390	170	215	0.5	0.5	0.6
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	70	10	65	0.1	0.0	0.2
42. Psychology	530	150	375	0.7	0.4	1.0
45. Social sciences	710	425	285	1.0	1.2	0.8
Business, management and public administration	9,025	2,740	6,285	12.7	7.8	17.5
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	945	185	755	1.3	0.5	2.1
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	8,075	2,550	5,525	11.4	7.3	15.4
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,625	920	700	2.3	2.6	2.0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	710	325	385	1.0	0.9	1.1
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	125	90	30	0.2	0.3	0.1
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	285	160	125	0.4	0.5	0.3
40. Physical sciences	455	320	130	0.6	0.9	0.4
41. Science technologies/technicians	50	20	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	895	640	260	1.3	1.8	0.7
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	735	560	170	1.0	1.6	0.5
25. Library science	85	30	55	0.1	0.1	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	65	40	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	9,075	8,410	665	12.8	24.0	1.9
04. Architecture and related services	410	225	185	0.6	0.6	0.5
14. Engineering	800	670	130	1.1	1.9	0.4
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	1,830	1,640	190	2.6	4.7	0.5
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	2,425	2,380	50	3.4	6.8	0.1
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,275	2,220	55	3.2	6.3	0.2
48. Precision production	1,330	1,270	60	1.9	3.6	0.2
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	2,165	1,560	600	3.1	4.4	1.7
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	1,125	720	405	1.6	2.1	1.1
03. Natural resources and conservation	1,035	840	195	1.5	2.4	0.5
Health and related fields	6,430	1,170	5,265	9.1	3.3	14.7
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	345	180	170	0.5	0.5	0.5
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	5,845	890	4,950	8.2	2.5	13.8
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	235	95	140	0.3	0.3	0.4
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,680	1,980	1,695	5.2	5.6	4.7
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	2,005	520	1,480	2.8	1.5	4.1
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	15	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	560	435	120	0.8	1.2	0.3
49. Transportation and materials moving	1,105	1,010	95	1.6	2.9	0.3
Other¹⁷⁹	25	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	41,825	20,540	21,285	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	11,900	6,585	5,310	28.5	32.1	24.9
Education	2,495	440	2,050	6.0	2.1	9.6
13. Education	2,495	440	2,050	6.0	2.1	9.6
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	660	255	410	1.6	1.2	1.9
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	65	55	10	0.2	0.3	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	595	200	390	1.4	1.0	1.8
Humanities	1,010	455	555	2.4	2.2	2.6
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	80	25	60	0.2	0.1	0.3
23. English language and literature/letters	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	515	230	285	1.2	1.1	1.3
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	55	45	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	30	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
54. History	120	70	50	0.3	0.3	0.2
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	195	65	130	0.5	0.3	0.6
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,050	650	1,400	4.9	3.2	6.6
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	25	10	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	310	100	210	0.7	0.5	1.0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	505	35	470	1.2	0.2	2.2
22. Legal professions and studies	250	95	155	0.6	0.5	0.7
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	50	0	45	0.1	0.0	0.2
42. Psychology	385	85	300	0.9	0.4	1.4
45. Social sciences	530	320	210	1.3	1.6	1.0
Business, management and public administration	6,545	1,905	4,640	15.6	9.3	21.8
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	720	125	600	1.7	0.6	2.8
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	5,820	1,780	4,040	13.9	8.7	19.0
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,100	610	490	2.6	3.0	2.3
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	550	235	315	1.3	1.1	1.5
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	65	55	10	0.2	0.3	0.0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	90	55	30	0.2	0.3	0.1
40. Physical sciences	360	255	105	0.9	1.2	0.5
41. Science technologies/technicians	40	10	30	0.1	0.0	0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	685	500	190	1.6	2.4	0.9
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	595	475	120	1.4	2.3	0.6
25. Library science	45	0	45	0.1	0.0	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	35	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	6,325	5,770	555	15.1	28.1	2.6
04. Architecture and related services	305	180	130	0.7	0.9	0.6
14. Engineering	570	460	110	1.4	2.2	0.5
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	1,270	1,100	170	3.0	5.4	0.8
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	1,635	1,600	35	3.9	7.8	0.2
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,620	1,575	50	3.9	7.7	0.2
48. Precision production	930	870	55	2.2	4.2	0.3
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,700	1,170	530	4.1	5.7	2.5
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	885	545	345	2.1	2.7	1.6
03. Natural resources and conservation	815	630	185	1.9	3.1	0.9
Health and related fields	4,590	755	3,835	11.0	3.7	18.0
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	205	100	105	0.5	0.5	0.5
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	4,195	590	3,605	10.0	2.9	16.9
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	190	60	125	0.5	0.3	0.6
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,740	1,435	1,305	6.6	7.0	6.1
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	1,490	345	1,150	3.6	1.7	5.4
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	400	320	85	1.0	1.6	0.4
49. Transportation and materials moving	835	770	70	2.0	3.7	0.3
Other¹⁷⁹	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	41,825	20,540	21,285	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	11,900	6,585	5,310	28.5	32.1	24.9
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	29,930	13,955	15,970	71.6	67.9	75.0
Location of study inside Canada	29,315	13,625	15,690	70.1	66.3	73.7
Same as province or territory of residence	28,735	13,340	15,400	68.7	64.9	72.4
Different than province or territory of residence	580	285	295	1.4	1.4	1.4
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	610	335	285	1.5	1.6	1.3
Americas	90	45	50	0.2	0.2	0.2
United States of America	35	30	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuba	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	335	180	155	0.8	0.9	0.7
Belgium	20	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
France	280	165	125	0.7	0.8	0.6
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	135	90	40	0.3	0.4	0.2
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	20	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Tunisia	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	75	50	25	0.2	0.2	0.1
Asia	45	15	35	0.1	0.1	0.2
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	30	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	70,935	35,060	35,880	...	...	...
In the labour force	40,450	20,700	19,750	...	...	...
Employed	37,410	19,065	18,350	...	...	...
Unemployed	3,040	1,635	1,405	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	30,485	14,360	16,125	...	...	...
Participation rate	57.0	59.0	55.0	57.0	59.0	55.0
Employment rate	52.7	54.4	51.1	52.7	54.4	51.1
Unemployment rate	7.5	7.9	7.1	7.5	7.9	7.1
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	70,935	35,060	35,880	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	28,470	13,180	15,290	40.1	37.6	42.6
Worked	42,465	21,875	20,585	59.9	62.4	57.4
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	20,950	10,895	10,055	29.5	31.1	28.0
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	21,515	10,990	10,530	30.3	31.3	29.3
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.6	40.6	40.7	40.6	40.6	40.7
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	40,450	20,700	19,755	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	705	350	360	1.7	1.7	1.8
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	39,740	20,350	19,395	98.2	98.3	98.2
Employee	35,605	17,955	17,650	88.0	86.7	89.3
Permanent position	28,380	14,190	14,195	70.2	68.6	71.9
Temporary position	7,220	3,760	3,460	17.8	18.2	17.5
Fixed term (1 year or more)	1,835	755	1,080	4.5	3.6	5.5
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	5,385	3,010	2,375	13.3	14.5	12.0
Self-employed¹⁹²	4,140	2,400	1,745	10.2	11.6	8.8
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	40,450	20,700	19,755	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	705	350	360	1.7	1.7	1.8
All occupations¹⁹¹	39,740	20,350	19,395	98.2	98.3	98.2
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	620	390	230	1.5	1.9	1.2
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	5,845	1,765	4,080	14.4	8.5	20.7
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	2,475	1,795	680	6.1	8.7	3.4
3 Health occupations	4,205	695	3,510	10.4	3.4	17.8
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	5,620	1,625	3,990	13.9	7.9	20.2
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	810	380	430	2.0	1.8	2.2
6 Sales and service occupations	9,875	4,475	5,395	24.4	21.6	27.3
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	6,540	6,125	410	16.2	29.6	2.1
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	2,125	1,790	335	5.3	8.6	1.7
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,640	1,310	325	4.1	6.3	1.6
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	40,450	20,700	19,755	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	705	350	360	1.7	1.7	1.8
All industries¹⁹¹	39,740	20,350	19,395	98.2	98.3	98.2
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	2,400	1,860	545	5.9	9.0	2.8
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	305	270	30	0.8	1.3	0.2
22 Utilities	320	275	45	0.8	1.3	0.2
23 Construction	2,375	2,085	290	5.9	10.1	1.5
31-33 Manufacturing	2,985	2,335	650	7.4	11.3	3.3
41 Wholesale trade	765	580	185	1.9	2.8	0.9
44-45 Retail trade	4,900	2,415	2,480	12.1	11.7	12.6
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,650	1,405	240	4.1	6.8	1.2
51 Information and cultural industries	1,305	870	435	3.2	4.2	2.2
52 Finance and insurance	870	310	555	2.2	1.5	2.8
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	295	170	130	0.7	0.8	0.7
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,730	860	870	4.3	4.2	4.4
55 Management of companies and enterprises	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,185	810	370	2.9	3.9	1.9
61 Educational services	3,610	1,150	2,465	8.9	5.6	12.5
62 Health care and social assistance	7,590	1,445	6,140	18.8	7.0	31.1
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	635	355	275	1.6	1.7	1.4
72 Accommodation and food services	2,060	830	1,230	5.1	4.0	6.2
81 Other services (except public administration)	2,045	950	1,095	5.1	4.6	5.5
91 Public administration	2,710	1,370	1,340	6.7	6.6	6.8
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	44,690	23,050	21,640	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	280	200	80	0.6	0.9	0.4
French	40,795	20,590	20,205	91.3	89.3	93.4
Non-official language	35	35	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	35	35	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
English and French	3,490	2,180	1,310	7.8	9.5	6.1
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	50	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	45	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	44,690	23,050	21,640	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	44,345	22,840	21,505	99.2	99.1	99.4
Official languages	44,295	22,790	21,505	99.1	98.9	99.4
English	665	450	210	1.5	2.0	1.0
French	43,635	22,335	21,295	97.6	96.9	98.4
Non-official languages	45	45	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	45	45	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	40	40	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	40	40	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	40	40	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	345	210	135	0.8	0.9	0.6
English and French	345	210	135	0.8	0.9	0.6
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	44,690	23,050	21,640	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	41,450	21,025	20,415	92.8	91.2	94.3
English	2,770	1,720	1,045	6.2	7.5	4.8
French	390	265	130	0.9	1.1	0.6
Non-official language	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	37,410	19,060	18,350	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	5,935	2,910	3,020	15.9	15.3	16.5
Worked outside Canada	40	30	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
No fixed workplace address	3,960	2,980	980	10.6	15.6	5.3
Usual place of work	27,480	13,140	14,345	73.5	68.9	78.2
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	27,480	13,140	14,345	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	18,185	8,215	9,975	66.2	62.5	69.5
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	4,815	2,270	2,540	17.5	17.3	17.7
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	4,180	2,475	1,700	15.2	18.8	11.9
Commute to a different province or territory	300	175	130	1.1	1.3	0.9
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	31,440	16,115	15,325	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	28,070	14,485	13,590	89.3	89.9	88.7
Car, truck or van - as a driver	26,630	13,860	12,775	84.7	86.0	83.4
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	1,440	625	820	4.6	3.9	5.4
Public transit	210	120	90	0.7	0.7	0.6
Walked	2,255	935	1,320	7.2	5.8	8.6
Bicycle	260	175	85	0.8	1.1	0.6
Other method	635	400	240	2.0	2.5	1.6
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	31,440	16,115	15,325	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	17,375	8,295	9,085	55.3	51.5	59.3
15 to 29 minutes	8,585	4,360	4,220	27.3	27.1	27.5
30 to 44 minutes	3,360	1,975	1,380	10.7	12.3	9.0
45 to 59 minutes	1,095	705	390	3.5	4.4	2.5
60 minutes and over	1,030	785	245	3.3	4.9	1.6
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	31,440	16,115	15,325	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,910	1,435	475	6.1	8.9	3.1
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	4,335	3,115	1,220	13.8	19.3	8.0
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	11,285	5,500	5,785	35.9	34.1	37.7
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	7,280	2,830	4,455	23.2	17.6	29.1
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	2,080	750	1,335	6.6	4.7	8.7
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	4,545	2,485	2,060	14.5	15.4	13.4
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	14,620	7,570	7,050	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	545	295	250	3.7	3.9	3.5
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	14,075	7,275	6,800	96.3	96.1	96.5
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	10,860	5,625	5,240	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	415	225	190	3.8	4.0	3.6
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	230	125	100	2.1	2.2	1.9
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	180	95	85	1.7	1.7	1.6
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	10,450	5,400	5,050	96.2	96.0	96.4

Symbol legend

...
not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 18, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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