Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Rimouski--La MatapédiaMore information: Quebec [Federal electoral district (2023 Representation Order)]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	..	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	..	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	..	...	...	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	..	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	..	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	..	...	...	...	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	..	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	102,020	50,505	51,515	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	14,880	7,690	7,195	14.6	15.2	14.0
0 to 4 years	4,430	2,270	2,160	4.3	4.5	4.2
5 to 9 years	5,160	2,650	2,505	5.1	5.2	4.9
10 to 14 years	5,290	2,765	2,525	5.2	5.5	4.9
15 to 64 years	59,680	29,805	29,875	58.5	59.0	58.0
15 to 19 years	4,665	2,370	2,290	4.6	4.7	4.4
20 to 24 years	4,620	2,370	2,250	4.5	4.7	4.4
25 to 29 years	5,140	2,560	2,580	5.0	5.1	5.0
30 to 34 years	5,315	2,725	2,590	5.2	5.4	5.0
35 to 39 years	5,505	2,765	2,735	5.4	5.5	5.3
40 to 44 years	5,975	3,045	2,930	5.9	6.0	5.7
45 to 49 years	5,370	2,615	2,750	5.3	5.2	5.3
50 to 54 years	5,625	2,830	2,795	5.5	5.6	5.4
55 to 59 years	7,890	3,820	4,075	7.7	7.6	7.9
60 to 64 years	9,575	4,700	4,875	9.4	9.3	9.5
65 years and over	27,460	13,015	14,445	26.9	25.8	28.0
65 to 69 years	9,100	4,560	4,540	8.9	9.0	8.8
70 to 74 years	7,480	3,710	3,770	7.3	7.3	7.3
75 to 79 years	4,990	2,415	2,575	4.9	4.8	5.0
80 to 84 years	2,925	1,290	1,640	2.9	2.6	3.2
85 years and over	2,960	1,040	1,915	2.9	2.1	3.7
85 to 89 years	1,820	730	1,085	1.8	1.4	2.1
90 to 94 years	880	265	615	0.9	0.5	1.2
95 to 99 years	245	40	200	0.2	0.1	0.4
100 years and over	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	14.6	15.2	14.0	14.6	15.2	14.0
15 to 64 years	58.5	59.0	58.0	58.5	59.0	58.0
65 years and over	26.9	25.8	28.0	26.9	25.8	28.0
85 years and over	2.9	2.1	3.7	2.9	2.1	3.7
Average age of the population	46.3	45.4	47.2	46.3	45.4	47.2
Median age of the population	49.6	48.4	50.8	49.6	48.4	50.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	48,195	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	30,175	...	...	62.6	...	...
Semi-detached house	2,940	...	...	6.1	...	...
Row house	880	...	...	1.8	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	2,225	...	...	4.6	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	10,595	...	...	22.0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	510	...	...	1.1	...	...
Other single-attached house	335	...	...	0.7	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	545	...	...	1.1	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	48,195	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	18,505	...	...	38.4	...	...
2 persons	18,150	...	...	37.7	...	...
3 persons	5,070	...	...	10.5	...	...
4 persons	4,295	...	...	8.9	...	...
5 or more persons	2,180	...	...	4.5	...	...
Number of persons in private households	98,970	49,430	49,540	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.1	...	...	2.1	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	87,140	42,820	44,315	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	49,980	24,950	25,030	57.4	58.3	56.5
Married	24,565	12,275	12,290	28.2	28.7	27.7
Living common-law	25,415	12,675	12,740	29.2	29.6	28.7
Living common law - Never married	21,205	10,510	10,695	24.3	24.5	24.1
Living common law - Separated	225	100	125	0.3	0.2	0.3
Living common law - Divorced	3,450	1,855	1,595	4.0	4.3	3.6
Living common law - Widowed	535	215	320	0.6	0.5	0.7
Not married and not living common-law	37,155	17,865	19,290	42.6	41.7	43.5
Not married and not living common law - Never married	25,000	13,530	11,465	28.7	31.6	25.9
Not married and not living common law - Separated	1,010	515	495	1.2	1.2	1.1
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	5,705	2,450	3,255	6.5	5.7	7.3
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	5,445	1,375	4,075	6.2	3.2	9.2
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	28,505	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	17,655	...	...	61.9	...	...
3 persons	4,765	...	...	16.7	...	...
4 persons	4,130	...	...	14.5	...	...
5 or more persons	1,955	...	...	6.9	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	28,505	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	24,570	...	...	86.2	...	...
Married couples	11,880	...	...	41.7	...	...
With children⁶	3,080	...	...	10.8	...	...
Without children	8,800	...	...	30.9	...	...
Common-law couples	12,690	...	...	44.5	...	...
With children⁶	6,280	...	...	22.0	...	...
Without children	6,415	...	...	22.5	...	...
Total one-parent families	3,935	...	...	13.8	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	2,800	...	...	9.8	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	1,135	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	98,970	49,430	49,540	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	76,545	38,290	38,255	77.3	77.5	77.2
Married spouses or common-law partners	49,150	24,535	24,615	49.7	49.6	49.7
Parents in one-parent families	3,935	1,135	2,800	4.0	2.3	5.7
Children⁶	23,460	12,620	10,840	23.7	25.5	21.9
In a two-parent family	17,530	9,320	8,210	17.7	18.9	16.6
In a one-parent family	5,935	3,305	2,630	6.0	6.7	5.3
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	22,425	11,140	11,290	22.7	22.5	22.8
Living alone	18,505	9,060	9,445	18.7	18.3	19.1
Living with other relatives⁷	1,540	730	805	1.6	1.5	1.6
Living with non-relatives only	2,385	1,345	1,035	2.4	2.7	2.1
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	48,195	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	27,510	...	...	57.1	...	...
Couple-family households	23,905	...	...	49.6	...	...
With children⁶	9,095	...	...	18.9	...	...
Without children	14,810	...	...	30.7	...	...
One-parent-family households	3,605	...	...	7.5	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	270	...	...	0.6	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	40	...	...	0.1	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	545	...	...	1.1	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	1,320	...	...	2.7	...	...
One-person households	18,500	...	...	38.4	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	84,100	41,755	42,350	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	82,900	41,185	41,715	98.6	98.6	98.5
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,600	41,200	34,400	37,600	41,200	34,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	82,910	41,190	41,720	98.6	98.6	98.5
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	33,600	36,000	31,200	33,600	36,000	31,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	72,510	36,745	35,760	86.2	88.0	84.4
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	30,000	34,000	26,400	30,000	34,000	26,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	55,420	29,220	26,210	65.9	70.0	61.9
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	32,400	35,200	29,400	32,400	35,200	29,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	71,435	34,400	37,040	84.9	82.4	87.5
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,900	12,900	13,000	12,900	12,900	13,000
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	13,015	7,610	5,405	15.5	18.2	12.8
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,200	6,650	5,560	6,200	6,650	5,560
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	19,755	10,300	9,455	23.5	24.7	22.3
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	6,000	6,500	6,000	6,000	6,500
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	84,050	41,695	42,355	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	82,730	41,045	41,690	98.4	98.4	98.4
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	44,720	48,160	41,320	44,720	48,160	41,320
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	82,745	41,045	41,700	98.4	98.4	98.5
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,720	40,160	35,360	37,720	40,160	35,360
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	72,455	36,625	35,830	86.2	87.8	84.6
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,200	41,920	34,400	38,200	41,920	34,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	55,370	29,090	26,280	65.9	69.8	62.0
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,360	41,880	36,600	39,360	41,880	36,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	71,080	34,230	36,850	84.6	82.1	87.0
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	13,120	12,920	13,300	13,120	12,920	13,300
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	13,015	7,545	5,475	15.5	18.1	12.9
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,880	7,940	7,800	7,880	7,940	7,800
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	19,390	10,220	9,165	23.1	24.5	21.6
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,200	6,930	7,490	7,200	6,930	7,490
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	84,050	41,695	42,355	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	24,105	12,480	11,630	28.7	29.9	27.5
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	53,200	57,200	48,400	53,200	57,200	48,400
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	59,450	63,350	55,350	59,450	63,350	55,350
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	24,600	12,530	12,070	29.3	30.1	28.5
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	20,000	22,200	17,600	20,000	22,200	17,600
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	27,520	30,680	24,260	27,520	30,680	24,260
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	74.8	77.6	71.6	74.8	77.6	71.6
Employment income (%)¹⁹	58.9	61.6	55.8	58.9	61.6	55.8
Government transfers (%)²⁰	25.2	22.4	28.5	25.2	22.4	28.5
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.8	3.0	2.5	2.8	3.0	2.5
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	4.7	4.3	5.1	4.7	4.3	5.1
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	3.8	3.6	4.0	3.8	3.6	4.0
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	84,100	41,750	42,350	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	1,200	565	635	1.4	1.4	1.5
With total income	82,900	41,185	41,715	98.6	98.6	98.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	5,040	2,090	2,945	6.1	5.1	7.1
$10,000 to $19,999	11,670	4,865	6,805	14.1	11.8	16.3
$20,000 to $29,999	15,535	7,285	8,245	18.7	17.7	19.8
$30,000 to $39,999	11,930	5,655	6,280	14.4	13.7	15.0
$40,000 to $49,999	11,335	5,625	5,715	13.7	13.7	13.7
$50,000 to $59,999	8,550	4,535	4,015	10.3	11.0	9.6
$60,000 to $69,999	5,915	3,450	2,465	7.1	8.4	5.9
$70,000 to $79,999	3,980	2,380	1,605	4.8	5.8	3.8
$80,000 to $89,999	2,885	1,610	1,270	3.5	3.9	3.1
$90,000 to $99,999	1,945	1,020	925	2.3	2.5	2.2
$100,000 and over	4,110	2,660	1,450	5.0	6.5	3.5
$100,000 to $149,999	3,085	1,975	1,110	3.7	4.8	2.7
$150,000 and over	1,025	685	340	1.2	1.7	0.8
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	84,100	41,750	42,350	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	1,190	560	630	1.4	1.3	1.5
With after-tax income	82,910	41,190	41,720	98.6	98.6	98.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	5,410	2,185	3,230	6.5	5.3	7.7
$10,000 to $19,999	12,150	5,135	7,020	14.7	12.5	16.8
$20,000 to $29,999	18,220	8,575	9,645	22.0	20.8	23.1
$30,000 to $39,999	15,215	7,605	7,605	18.3	18.5	18.2
$40,000 to $49,999	12,535	6,510	6,020	15.1	15.8	14.4
$50,000 to $59,999	8,050	4,735	3,315	9.7	11.5	8.0
$60,000 to $69,999	4,725	2,630	2,095	5.7	6.4	5.0
$70,000 to $79,999	2,850	1,470	1,380	3.4	3.6	3.3
$80,000 to $89,999	1,465	855	610	1.8	2.1	1.5
$90,000 to $99,999	835	550	290	1.0	1.3	0.7
$100,000 and over	1,460	950	510	1.8	2.3	1.2
$100,000 to $124,999	830	545	285	1.0	1.3	0.7
$125,000 and over	630	400	225	0.8	1.0	0.5
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	84,100	41,750	42,350	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	28,675	12,535	16,140	34.1	30.0	38.1
With employment income	55,420	29,220	26,210	65.9	70.0	61.9
Under $5,000 (including loss)	7,880	4,250	3,635	14.2	14.5	13.9
$5,000 to $9,999	4,440	2,020	2,420	8.0	6.9	9.3
$10,000 to $19,999	7,355	3,490	3,860	13.3	11.9	14.7
$20,000 to $29,999	6,465	3,100	3,365	11.7	10.6	12.8
$30,000 to $39,999	6,485	3,285	3,195	11.7	11.3	12.2
$40,000 to $49,999	5,795	2,980	2,820	10.5	10.2	10.8
$50,000 to $59,999	4,630	2,630	2,000	8.4	9.0	7.6
$60,000 to $69,999	3,445	2,105	1,340	6.2	7.2	5.1
$70,000 to $79,999	2,525	1,505	1,015	4.6	5.2	3.9
$80,000 to $89,999	2,240	1,165	1,080	4.1	4.0	4.1
$90,000 to $99,999	1,265	755	510	2.3	2.6	1.9
$100,000 and over	2,895	1,935	965	5.2	6.6	3.7
$100,000 to $124,999	1,560	995	565	2.8	3.4	2.2
$125,000 and over	1,335	940	400	2.4	3.2	1.5
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	84,100	41,755	42,350	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	81,910	40,650	41,255	97.4	97.4	97.4
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,600	39,600	31,600	35,600	39,600	31,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	81,950	40,655	41,300	97.4	97.4	97.5
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	31,800	34,800	28,800	31,800	34,800	28,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	71,440	36,230	35,210	84.9	86.8	83.1
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	31,000	35,600	27,000	31,000	35,600	27,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	56,430	29,545	26,895	67.1	70.8	63.5
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	32,400	36,000	28,800	32,400	36,000	28,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	66,530	31,675	34,850	79.1	75.9	82.3
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,200	9,800	10,500	10,200	9,800	10,500
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	13,265	7,800	5,470	15.8	18.7	12.9
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,840	6,320	5,240	5,840	6,320	5,240
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	84,050	41,695	42,355	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	81,845	40,575	41,270	97.4	97.3	97.4
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,520	46,920	38,240	42,520	46,920	38,240
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	81,900	40,585	41,320	97.4	97.3	97.6
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,840	38,920	32,880	35,840	38,920	32,880
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	71,300	36,145	35,155	84.8	86.7	83.0
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,800	43,360	34,120	38,800	43,360	34,120
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	56,460	29,445	27,020	67.2	70.6	63.8
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,120	42,680	35,240	39,120	42,680	35,240
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	66,130	31,415	34,710	78.7	75.3	82.0
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,800	10,690	10,910	10,800	10,690	10,910
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	13,310	7,850	5,460	15.8	18.8	12.9
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,420	7,430	7,390	7,420	7,430	7,390
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	84,050	41,695	42,355	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	24,000	12,460	11,540	28.6	29.9	27.2
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	50,000	55,200	44,800	50,000	55,200	44,800
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	56,150	61,050	50,840	56,150	61,050	50,840
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	23,540	11,930	11,605	28.0	28.6	27.4
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	23,400	27,600	19,800	23,400	27,600	19,800
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	31,040	35,160	26,800	31,040	35,160	26,800
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	79.4	82.4	76.0	79.4	82.4	76.0
Employment income (%)	63.4	66.0	60.4	63.4	66.0	60.4
Government transfers (%)	20.5	17.6	24.0	20.5	17.6	24.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.8	3.1	2.6	2.8	3.1	2.6
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	48,195	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	61,600	...	...	61,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	54,800	...	...	54,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	18,500	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	34,000	...	...	34,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	30,800	...	...	30,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	29,695	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	87,000	...	...	87,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	75,500	...	...	75,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	48,195	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	76,800	...	...	76,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	64,800	...	...	64,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	18,530	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	40,680	...	...	40,680	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	35,000	...	...	35,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	29,660	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	99,300	...	...	99,300	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	83,400	...	...	83,400	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	48,195	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	275	...	...	0.6	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	270	...	...	0.6	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	800	...	...	1.7	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,410	...	...	2.9	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	4,035	...	...	8.4	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	2,090	...	...	4.3	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,395	...	...	5.0	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,935	...	...	6.1	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,545	...	...	5.3	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,475	...	...	5.1	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	4,175	...	...	8.7	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,680	...	...	7.6	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,250	...	...	6.7	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	3,010	...	...	6.2	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,525	...	...	5.2	...	...
$100,000 and over	12,345	...	...	25.6	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	4,795	...	...	9.9	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	3,075	...	...	6.4	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	2,885	...	...	6.0	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,590	...	...	3.3	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	48,195	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	305	...	...	0.6	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	285	...	...	0.6	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	820	...	...	1.7	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,485	...	...	3.1	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	4,260	...	...	8.8	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	2,600	...	...	5.4	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,990	...	...	6.2	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	3,460	...	...	7.2	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,995	...	...	6.2	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,605	...	...	5.4	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	4,770	...	...	9.9	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	4,100	...	...	8.5	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,710	...	...	7.7	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	3,105	...	...	6.4	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,385	...	...	4.9	...	...
$100,000 and over	8,330	...	...	17.3	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	4,220	...	...	8.8	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,165	...	...	4.5	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,945	...	...	4.0	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	28,770	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	87,000	...	...	87,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	75,500	...	...	75,500	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	14,885	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	74,000	...	...	74,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	65,500	...	...	65,500	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	9,390	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	124,000	...	...	124,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	105,000	...	...	105,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	3,860	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	64,500	...	...	64,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	58,800	...	...	58,800	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	20,885	10,410	10,480	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	33,200	34,800	31,400	33,200	34,800	31,400
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	30,200	31,600	29,000	30,200	31,600	29,000
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	28,795	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	99,800	...	...	99,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	83,700	...	...	83,700	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	14,890	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	84,200	...	...	84,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	71,000	...	...	71,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	9,360	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	136,200	...	...	136,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	112,200	...	...	112,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	3,870	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	74,600	...	...	74,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	65,100	...	...	65,100	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	20,745	10,190	10,560	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	39,880	41,680	38,160	39,880	41,680	38,160
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	34,400	35,560	33,280	34,400	35,560	33,280
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	98,970	49,430	49,540	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	17,660	9,095	8,560	17.8	18.4	17.3
0 to 5 years	5,400	2,770	2,635	5.5	5.6	5.3
18 to 64 years	56,415	28,095	28,320	57.0	56.8	57.2
65 years and over	24,900	12,240	12,660	25.2	24.8	25.6
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	14,720	7,045	7,675	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	1,555	845	715	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	480	240	235	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	6,400	3,220	3,180	...	...	...
65 years and over	6,765	2,975	3,785	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	14.9	14.3	15.5	14.9	14.3	15.5
0 to 17 years (%)	8.8	9.3	8.3	8.8	9.3	8.3
0 to 5 years (%)	8.8	8.8	8.9	8.8	8.8	8.9
18 to 64 years (%)	11.3	11.5	11.2	11.3	11.5	11.2
65 years and over (%)	27.2	24.3	29.9	27.2	24.3	29.9
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	98,970	49,430	49,540	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	17,660	9,095	8,560	17.8	18.4	17.3
0 to 5 years	5,400	2,770	2,635	5.5	5.6	5.3
18 to 64 years	56,415	28,095	28,320	57.0	56.8	57.2
65 years and over	24,900	12,240	12,660	25.2	24.8	25.6
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	3,195	1,685	1,510	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	275	135	135	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	65	35	35	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	2,625	1,415	1,210	...	...	...
65 years and over	295	130	160	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.2	3.4	3.1	3.2	3.4	3.1
0 to 17 years (%)	1.6	1.5	1.6	1.6	1.5	1.6
0 to 5 years (%)	1.2	1.2	1.3	1.2	1.2	1.3
18 to 64 years (%)	4.7	5.0	4.3	4.7	5.0	4.3
65 years and over (%)	1.2	1.1	1.3	1.2	1.1	1.3
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	98,975	49,435	49,540	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	62,265	30,640	31,625	62.9	62.0	63.8
In bottom decile	11,600	5,595	6,000	11.7	11.3	12.1
In second decile	13,135	6,390	6,750	13.3	12.9	13.6
In third decile	12,885	6,410	6,470	13.0	13.0	13.1
In fourth decile	12,815	6,330	6,490	12.9	12.8	13.1
In fifth decile	11,835	5,920	5,910	12.0	12.0	11.9
In top half of the distribution	36,700	18,785	17,915	37.1	38.0	36.2
In sixth decile	11,100	5,650	5,455	11.2	11.4	11.0
In seventh decile	9,140	4,635	4,505	9.2	9.4	9.1
In eighth decile	7,695	3,965	3,730	7.8	8.0	7.5
In ninth decile	5,525	2,865	2,655	5.6	5.8	5.4
In top decile	3,235	1,670	1,570	3.3	3.4	3.2
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	98,970	...	...	98,970	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.298	...	...	0.298	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.450	...	...	0.450	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.255	...	...	0.255	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.2	...	...	3.2	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	100,865	50,025	50,840	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	110	60	50	0.1	0.1	0.1
French only	78,240	37,350	40,890	77.6	74.7	80.4
English and French	22,455	12,580	9,880	22.3	25.1	19.4
Neither English nor French	60	35	20	0.1	0.1	0.0
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	100,865	50,025	50,840	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	735	345	390	0.7	0.7	0.8
French	99,885	49,535	50,350	99.0	99.0	99.0
English and French	195	105	90	0.2	0.2	0.2
Neither English nor French	50	35	15	0.0	0.1	0.0
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	100,865	50,025	50,840	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	100,235	49,675	50,560	99.4	99.3	99.4
Official languages	99,430	49,230	50,195	98.6	98.4	98.7
English	690	325	360	0.7	0.6	0.7
French	98,740	48,905	49,835	97.9	97.8	98.0
Non-official languages	810	445	360	0.8	0.9	0.7
Indigenous languages³⁹	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	800	445	355	0.8	0.9	0.7
Afro-Asiatic languages	165	110	55	0.2	0.2	0.1
Berber languages	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	140	95	45	0.1	0.2	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	140	95	45	0.1	0.2	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	60	25	30	0.1	0.0	0.1
Haitian Creole	25	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	20	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	355	195	155	0.4	0.4	0.3
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	40	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	40	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	35	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	20	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	20	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	10	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	10	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	265	145	115	0.3	0.3	0.2
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	20	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	35	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	195	110	85	0.2	0.2	0.2
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	130	70	60	0.1	0.1	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	60	35	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	20	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	20	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	40	10	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	40	10	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	625	345	280	0.6	0.7	0.6
English and French	450	250	195	0.4	0.5	0.4
English and non-official language(s)	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	145	80	60	0.1	0.2	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	25	5	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	100,865	50,025	50,840	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	300	145	155	0.3	0.3	0.3
French	97,865	48,370	49,500	97.0	96.7	97.4
Non-official language	170	100	70	0.2	0.2	0.1
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	170	100	70	0.2	0.2	0.1
English and French	1,775	1,010	765	1.8	2.0	1.5
English and non-official language(s)	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	550	285	260	0.5	0.6	0.5
English, French and non-official language(s)	180	95	90	0.2	0.2	0.2
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	100,865	50,025	50,840	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	100,415	49,790	50,625	99.6	99.5	99.6
Official languages	100,060	49,590	50,475	99.2	99.1	99.3
English	470	240	235	0.5	0.5	0.5
French	99,590	49,350	50,235	98.7	98.7	98.8
Non-official languages	355	200	150	0.4	0.4	0.3
Indigenous languages³⁹	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	350	195	150	0.3	0.4	0.3
Afro-Asiatic languages	50	30	20	0.0	0.1	0.0
Berber languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	45	25	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	45	25	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	165	95	65	0.2	0.2	0.1
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	145	85	60	0.1	0.2	0.1
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	110	70	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	55	30	25	0.1	0.1	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	35	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	25	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	25	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	450	230	215	0.4	0.5	0.4
English and French	295	150	145	0.3	0.3	0.3
English and non-official language(s)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	135	70	60	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	100,865	50,025	50,840	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	98,740	48,830	49,910	97.9	97.6	98.2
English	1,360	805	560	1.3	1.6	1.1
French	290	150	140	0.3	0.3	0.3
Non-official language	295	145	150	0.3	0.3	0.3
Indigenous³⁹	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	290	145	145	0.3	0.3	0.3
English and French	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	105	50	55	0.1	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	40	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	20	15	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	98,970	49,430	49,540	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	98,900	49,380	49,525	99.9	99.9	100.0
English	22,355	12,580	9,770	22.6	25.5	19.7
French	98,800	49,325	49,475	99.8	99.8	99.9
Non-official languages	2,900	1,465	1,435	2.9	3.0	2.9
Indigenous languages³⁹	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	2,890	1,460	1,430	2.9	3.0	2.9
Afro-Asiatic languages	310	190	125	0.3	0.4	0.3
Berber languages	35	25	15	0.0	0.1	0.0
Kabyle	25	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	30	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	30	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	270	165	105	0.3	0.3	0.2
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	260	160	100	0.3	0.3	0.2
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	30	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	95	45	55	0.1	0.1	0.1
Haitian Creole	40	20	25	0.0	0.0	0.1
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	35	25	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	2,105	1,025	1,085	2.1	2.1	2.2
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	120	70	50	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	115	70	50	0.1	0.1	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	50	30	20	0.1	0.1	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	30	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	190	90	95	0.2	0.2	0.2
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	150	70	75	0.2	0.1	0.2
German	150	70	75	0.2	0.1	0.2
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	20	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,865	900	970	1.9	1.8	2.0
Catalan	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	155	75	80	0.2	0.2	0.2
Portuguese	130	65	70	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	1,645	790	860	1.7	1.6	1.7
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	275	155	120	0.3	0.3	0.2
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	35	25	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	140	75	70	0.1	0.2	0.1
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	50	20	30	0.1	0.0	0.1
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	85	60	20	0.1	0.1	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	35	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	20	20	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	80	25	60	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages	80	25	60	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	60	15	45	0.1	0.0	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	35	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	98,975	49,430	49,540	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	2,185	1,130	1,060	2.2	2.3	2.1
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	2,060	1,035	1,025	2.1	2.1	2.1
First Nations (North American Indian)	850	395	455	0.9	0.8	0.9
Métis	1,180	630	550	1.2	1.3	1.1
Inuk (Inuit)	30	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	20	20	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	105	75	35	0.1	0.2	0.1
Non-Indigenous identity	96,790	48,305	48,480	97.8	97.7	97.9
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	98,975	49,430	49,540	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	430	250	180	0.4	0.5	0.4
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	98,540	49,180	49,355	99.6	99.5	99.6
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	48,195	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	33,200	...	...	68.9	...	...
Renter	15,000	...	...	31.1	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	48,195	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	3,290	...	...	6.8	...	...
Not condominium	44,900	...	...	93.2	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	48,195	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	335	...	...	0.7	...	...
1 bedroom	5,975	...	...	12.4	...	...
2 bedrooms	12,840	...	...	26.6	...	...
3 bedrooms	16,115	...	...	33.4	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	12,930	...	...	26.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	48,195	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	13,405	...	...	27.8	...	...
5 rooms	7,285	...	...	15.1	...	...
6 rooms	6,395	...	...	13.3	...	...
7 rooms	6,425	...	...	13.3	...	...
8 or more rooms	14,685	...	...	30.5	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.3	...	...	6.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	48,195	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	48,100	...	...	99.8	...	...
More than one person per room	100	...	...	0.2	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	48,195	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	47,755	...	...	99.1	...	...
Not suitable	435	...	...	0.9	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	48,195	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	15,185	...	...	31.5	...	...
1961 to 1980	14,935	...	...	31.0	...	...
1981 to 1990	6,715	...	...	13.9	...	...
1991 to 2000	4,115	...	...	8.5	...	...
2001 to 2005	1,355	...	...	2.8	...	...
2006 to 2010	2,005	...	...	4.2	...	...
2011 to 2015	2,445	...	...	5.1	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	1,445	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	48,195	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	45,240	...	...	93.9	...	...
Major repairs needed	2,960	...	...	6.1	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	48,195	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	28,425	...	...	59.0	...	...
Two-maintainer household	19,140	...	...	39.7	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	635	...	...	1.3	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	48,195	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	1,590	...	...	3.3	...	...
25 to 34 years	5,465	...	...	11.3	...	...
35 to 44 years	6,910	...	...	14.3	...	...
45 to 54 years	6,630	...	...	13.8	...	...
55 to 64 years	10,680	...	...	22.2	...	...
65 to 74 years	10,750	...	...	22.3	...	...
75 to 84 years	4,910	...	...	10.2	...	...
85 years and over	1,265	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	47,645	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	42,435	...	...	89.1	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	5,215	...	...	10.9	...	...
30% to less than 100%	4,905	...	...	10.3	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	48,200	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	8,185	...	...	17.0	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	4,840	...	...	10.0	...	...
Not suitable only	370	...	...	0.8	...	...
Major repairs needed only	2,550	...	...	5.3	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	10	...	...	0.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	355	...	...	0.7	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	50	...	...	0.1	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	40,015	...	...	83.0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	47,335	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	2,195	...	...	4.6	...	...
Not in core need	45,140	...	...	95.4	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	32,830	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	55.2	...	...	55.2	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	6.8	...	...	6.8	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	715	...	...	715	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	838	...	...	838	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	188,000	...	...	188,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	198,800	...	...	198,800	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	14,915	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	13.8	...	...	13.8	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	20.0	...	...	20.0	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	8.5	...	...	8.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	608	...	...	608	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	641	...	...	641	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	98,970	49,430	49,540	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	2,125	1,070	1,055	2.1	2.2	2.1
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	2,030	1,010	1,015	2.1	2.0	2.0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	1,455	715	740	1.5	1.4	1.5
Métis single ancestry	535	285	250	0.5	0.6	0.5
Inuit single ancestry	40	10	30	0.0	0.0	0.1
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	95	60	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	95	60	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	2,350	1,160	1,190	2.4	2.3	2.4
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	2,315	1,135	1,185	2.3	2.3	2.4
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	2,055	985	1,070	2.1	2.0	2.2
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	250	150	110	0.3	0.3	0.2
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	35	30	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	35	30	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	94,500	47,205	47,295	95.5	95.5	95.5
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	98,975	49,430	49,540	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	97,840	48,850	48,990	98.9	98.8	98.9
Canadian citizens aged under 18	17,680	9,200	8,480	17.9	18.6	17.1
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	80,160	39,655	40,505	81.0	80.2	81.8
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	1,130	580	550	1.1	1.2	1.1
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	98,975	49,430	49,540	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	96,925	48,360	48,570	97.9	97.8	98.0
Immigrants⁸¹	1,485	805	685	1.5	1.6	1.4
Before 1980	180	105	75	0.2	0.2	0.2
1980 to 1990	105	50	55	0.1	0.1	0.1
1991 to 2000	225	115	110	0.2	0.2	0.2
2001 to 2010	390	190	195	0.4	0.4	0.4
2011 to 2021⁸²	595	340	255	0.6	0.7	0.5
2011 to 2015	185	110	70	0.2	0.2	0.1
2016 to 2021	410	230	180	0.4	0.5	0.4
Non-permanent residents⁸³	560	275	280	0.6	0.6	0.6
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	1,490	805	685	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	235	125	115	15.8	15.5	16.8
5 to 14 years	265	160	110	17.8	19.9	16.1
15 to 24 years	220	100	115	14.8	12.4	16.8
25 to 44 years	670	360	310	45.0	44.7	45.3
45 years and over	100	60	35	6.7	7.5	5.1
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	1,490	805	685	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	260	110	150	17.4	13.7	21.9
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	45	25	20	3.0	3.1	2.9
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	55	10	40	3.7	1.2	5.8
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	25	15	10	1.7	1.9	1.5
Peru	10	0	10	0.7	0.0	1.5
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	35	0	20	2.3	0.0	2.9
Other places of birth in Americas	85	40	40	5.7	5.0	5.8
Europe	690	390	300	46.3	48.4	43.8
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	470	275	195	31.5	34.2	28.5
Germany	20	10	10	1.3	1.2	1.5
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	15	0	15	1.0	0.0	2.2
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	20	0	10	1.3	0.0	1.5
Portugal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	10	0	0	0.7	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	15	0	15	1.0	0.0	2.2
Other places of birth in Europe	105	60	45	7.0	7.5	6.6
Africa	440	265	175	29.5	32.9	25.5
Algeria	40	20	20	2.7	2.5	2.9
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	80	40	40	5.4	5.0	5.8
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	50	35	15	3.4	4.3	2.2
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	255	165	90	17.1	20.5	13.1
Asia	95	40	55	6.4	5.0	8.0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	15	10	0	1.0	1.2	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	35	0	30	2.3	0.0	4.4
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	10	0	10	0.7	0.0	1.5
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	15	10	0	1.0	1.2	0.0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	410	230	185	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	75	40	35	18.3	17.4	18.9
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	25	15	15	6.1	6.5	8.1
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	10	0	10	2.4	0.0	5.4
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	30	10	15	7.3	4.3	8.1
Europe	75	45	35	18.3	19.6	18.9
France	70	45	30	17.1	19.6	16.2
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	235	140	95	57.3	60.9	51.4
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	10	0	0	2.4	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	35	15	20	8.5	6.5	10.8
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	75	35	40	18.3	15.2	21.6
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	10	0	0	2.4	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	10	10	0	2.4	4.3	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	95	75	20	23.2	32.6	10.8
Asia	20	10	15	4.9	4.3	8.1
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	98,975	49,435	49,540	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	2,290	1,180	1,115	2.3	2.4	2.3
Second generation¹⁰¹	1,740	890	845	1.8	1.8	1.7
Third generation or more¹⁰²	94,945	47,360	47,585	95.9	95.8	96.1
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	1,305	695	615	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	655	380	265	50.2	54.7	43.1
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	380	230	150	29.1	33.1	24.4
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	270	155	120	20.7	22.3	19.5
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	400	165	240	30.7	23.7	39.0
Refugees¹⁰⁸	240	145	105	18.4	20.9	17.1
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	10	0	0	0.8	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	1,305	695	615	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	20	10	0	1.5	1.4	0.0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	145	70	70	11.1	10.1	11.4
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	65	40	25	5.0	5.8	4.1
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	160	90	70	12.3	12.9	11.4
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	15	0	10	1.1	0.0	1.6
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	900	475	430	69.0	68.3	69.9
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	98,970	49,430	49,540	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	1,500	755	745	1.5	1.5	1.5
South Asian	60	35	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese	145	30	115	0.1	0.1	0.2
Black	765	380	380	0.8	0.8	0.8
Filipino	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arab	205	145	65	0.2	0.3	0.1
Latin American	215	115	105	0.2	0.2	0.2
Southeast Asian	70	40	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple visible minorities	20	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	97,470	48,675	48,790	98.5	98.5	98.5
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	98,975	49,430	49,540	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	38,635	19,050	19,590	39.0	38.5	39.5
English	1,105	580	530	1.1	1.2	1.1
Irish	2,755	1,245	1,510	2.8	2.5	3.0
Scottish	1,410	690	720	1.4	1.4	1.5
French, n.o.s.¹²²	24,040	12,085	11,950	24.3	24.4	24.1
German	825	395	430	0.8	0.8	0.9
Chinese	130	20	110	0.1	0.0	0.2
Italian	640	370	270	0.6	0.7	0.5
Indian (India)	75	45	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ukrainian	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	85	30	55	0.1	0.1	0.1
Polish	80	50	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Québécois	17,205	8,630	8,575	17.4	17.5	17.3
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	90	55	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Filipino	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
French Canadian	11,535	5,760	5,775	11.7	11.7	11.7
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	2,110	1,005	1,110	2.1	2.0	2.2
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	1,435	745	695	1.4	1.5	1.4
Métis	920	520	400	0.9	1.1	0.8
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	1,050	495	545	1.1	1.0	1.1
Russian	70	45	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Norwegian	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	110	55	55	0.1	0.1	0.1
American	390	210	175	0.4	0.4	0.4
Spanish	210	150	65	0.2	0.3	0.1
Swedish	45	15	30	0.0	0.0	0.1
Hungarian	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Acadian	2,285	1,125	1,160	2.3	2.3	2.3
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	130	50	80	0.1	0.1	0.2
Jewish	55	35	20	0.1	0.1	0.0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	45	25	20	0.0	0.1	0.0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	75	55	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Greek	40	15	25	0.0	0.0	0.1
Jamaican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	120	45	75	0.1	0.1	0.2
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanese	95	50	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Iranian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	1,155	580	580	1.2	1.2	1.2
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	435	235	200	0.4	0.5	0.4
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belgian	195	90	105	0.2	0.2	0.2
Haitian	140	50	95	0.1	0.1	0.2
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	45	25	20	0.0	0.1	0.0
Mennonite	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	170	80	90	0.2	0.2	0.2
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	710	295	420	0.7	0.6	0.8
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	50	20	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	45	20	25	0.0	0.0	0.1
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombian	35	25	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Moroccan	70	35	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Czech	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syrian	30	20	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	40	30	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Serbian	35	10	25	0.0	0.0	0.1
Ojibway	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	40	15	35	0.0	0.0	0.1
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	90	45	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Brazilian	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	25	0	25	0.0	0.0	0.1
Algonquin	190	90	105	0.2	0.2	0.2
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	20	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	95	50	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nova Scotian	15	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	35	25	15	0.0	0.1	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	20	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	70	30	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
New Brunswicker	85	30	55	0.1	0.1	0.1
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	30	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	35	25	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	25	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	35	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	160	60	100	0.2	0.1	0.2
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	60	25	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Guatemalan	20	20	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	80	50	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	20	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	145	80	70	0.1	0.2	0.1
Moldovan	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	70	50	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	185	85	105	0.2	0.2	0.2
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	35	30	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	150	90	60	0.2	0.2	0.1
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	555	285	275	0.6	0.6	0.6
Norman	290	135	155	0.3	0.3	0.3
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	55	30	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Saulteaux	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	20	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	30	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	20	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	295	135	160	0.3	0.3	0.3
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	98,970	49,430	49,540	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	75	25	50	0.1	0.1	0.1
Christian	78,600	38,765	39,835	79.4	78.4	80.4
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	4,795	2,380	2,420	4.8	4.8	4.9
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	65	30	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baptist	95	45	50	0.1	0.1	0.1
Catholic	72,740	35,885	36,860	73.5	72.6	74.4
Christian Orthodox	35	25	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Jehovah's Witness	255	115	135	0.3	0.2	0.3
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lutheran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	220	105	115	0.2	0.2	0.2
Presbyterian	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	30	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	340	155	190	0.3	0.3	0.4
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	40	30	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Muslim	340	200	140	0.3	0.4	0.3
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	200	90	110	0.2	0.2	0.2
No religion and secular perspectives	19,705	10,325	9,375	19.9	20.9	18.9
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	98,220	49,000	49,220	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	88,575	44,390	44,185	90.2	90.6	89.8
Movers	9,645	4,615	5,035	9.8	9.4	10.2
Non-migrants	5,565	2,615	2,950	5.7	5.3	6.0
Migrants	4,080	1,995	2,080	4.2	4.1	4.2
Internal migrants	3,945	1,920	2,025	4.0	3.9	4.1
Intraprovincial migrants	3,810	1,850	1,965	3.9	3.8	4.0
Interprovincial migrants	130	65	60	0.1	0.1	0.1
External migrants	135	80	60	0.1	0.2	0.1
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	94,585	47,030	47,560	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	63,720	31,995	31,730	67.4	68.0	66.7
Movers	30,865	15,035	15,825	32.6	32.0	33.3
Non-migrants	12,715	6,040	6,670	13.4	12.8	14.0
Migrants	18,150	8,990	9,155	19.2	19.1	19.2
Internal migrants	17,380	8,610	8,770	18.4	18.3	18.4
Intraprovincial migrants	16,875	8,360	8,515	17.8	17.8	17.9
Interprovincial migrants	505	250	250	0.5	0.5	0.5
External migrants	765	385	385	0.8	0.8	0.8
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	84,050	41,690	42,360	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	19,160	11,090	8,070	22.8	26.6	19.1
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	64,885	30,605	34,285	77.2	73.4	80.9
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	49,985	24,560	25,425	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	8,280	5,165	3,115	16.6	21.0	12.3
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	41,700	19,395	22,305	83.4	79.0	87.7
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	84,050	41,695	42,355	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	16,820	9,345	7,470	20.0	22.4	17.6
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	17,895	8,425	9,470	21.3	20.2	22.4
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	49,335	23,920	25,410	58.7	57.4	60.0
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	35,270	18,115	17,155	42.0	43.4	40.5
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	17,215	10,575	6,640	20.5	25.4	15.7
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	12,710	7,090	5,615	15.1	17.0	13.3
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	4,510	3,490	1,020	5.4	8.4	2.4
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	15,165	6,585	8,580	18.0	15.8	20.3
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,885	955	1,935	3.4	2.3	4.6
Bachelor's degree or higher	14,065	5,805	8,255	16.7	13.9	19.5
Bachelor's degree	9,450	3,615	5,830	11.2	8.7	13.8
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,015	455	565	1.2	1.1	1.3
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	540	235	300	0.6	0.6	0.7
Master's degree	2,410	1,085	1,325	2.9	2.6	3.1
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	650	410	240	0.8	1.0	0.6
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	49,985	24,560	25,420	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	6,720	4,065	2,650	13.4	16.6	10.4
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	8,070	4,020	4,050	16.1	16.4	15.9
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	35,195	16,475	18,720	70.4	67.1	73.6
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	24,650	12,525	12,115	49.3	51.0	47.7
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	12,665	7,505	5,160	25.3	30.6	20.3
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	9,395	4,980	4,415	18.8	20.3	17.4
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	3,275	2,530	745	6.6	10.3	2.9
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	10,330	4,455	5,875	20.7	18.1	23.1
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,650	570	1,080	3.3	2.3	4.2
Bachelor's degree or higher	10,550	3,950	6,600	21.1	16.1	26.0
Bachelor's degree	6,950	2,395	4,550	13.9	9.8	17.9
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	810	345	470	1.6	1.4	1.8
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	430	145	285	0.9	0.6	1.1
Master's degree	1,870	765	1,100	3.7	3.1	4.3
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	490	295	195	1.0	1.2	0.8
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	84,050	41,695	42,355	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	34,715	17,770	16,945	41.3	42.6	40.0
Education	4,675	1,045	3,625	5.6	2.5	8.6
13. Education	4,675	1,045	3,625	5.6	2.5	8.6
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,050	435	610	1.2	1.0	1.4
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	130	115	15	0.2	0.3	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	915	325	595	1.1	0.8	1.4
Humanities	1,880	835	1,050	2.2	2.0	2.5
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	130	35	95	0.2	0.1	0.2
23. English language and literature/letters	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	990	420	570	1.2	1.0	1.3
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	135	85	55	0.2	0.2	0.1
39. Theology and religious vocations	105	60	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
54. History	180	110	75	0.2	0.3	0.2
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	315	120	200	0.4	0.3	0.5
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,965	965	1,995	3.5	2.3	4.7
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	30	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	380	130	250	0.5	0.3	0.6
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	740	30	715	0.9	0.1	1.7
22. Legal professions and studies	375	160	220	0.4	0.4	0.5
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	90	20	65	0.1	0.0	0.2
42. Psychology	590	160	435	0.7	0.4	1.0
45. Social sciences	760	465	300	0.9	1.1	0.7
Business, management and public administration	10,550	3,030	7,520	12.6	7.3	17.8
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	1,145	225	925	1.4	0.5	2.2
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	9,400	2,810	6,595	11.2	6.7	15.6
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,885	1,075	810	2.2	2.6	1.9
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	835	400	435	1.0	1.0	1.0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	175	120	50	0.2	0.3	0.1
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	285	150	130	0.3	0.4	0.3
40. Physical sciences	525	370	155	0.6	0.9	0.4
41. Science technologies/technicians	70	30	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,055	745	315	1.3	1.8	0.7
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	855	655	205	1.0	1.6	0.5
25. Library science	100	30	70	0.1	0.1	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	80	50	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	10,925	10,125	795	13.0	24.3	1.9
04. Architecture and related services	505	265	240	0.6	0.6	0.6
14. Engineering	810	685	125	1.0	1.6	0.3
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	2,145	1,910	230	2.6	4.6	0.5
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	2,735	2,685	50	3.3	6.4	0.1
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	3,015	2,925	90	3.6	7.0	0.2
48. Precision production	1,715	1,660	60	2.0	4.0	0.1
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	2,815	1,970	845	3.3	4.7	2.0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	1,525	915	605	1.8	2.2	1.4
03. Natural resources and conservation	1,295	1,050	245	1.5	2.5	0.6
Health and related fields	7,195	1,285	5,915	8.6	3.1	14.0
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	365	170	195	0.4	0.4	0.5
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	6,580	1,010	5,570	7.8	2.4	13.2
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	240	100	140	0.3	0.2	0.3
Personal, protective and transportation services	4,310	2,405	1,905	5.1	5.8	4.5
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	2,135	540	1,600	2.5	1.3	3.8
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	685	505	180	0.8	1.2	0.4
49. Transportation and materials moving	1,480	1,350	130	1.8	3.2	0.3
Other¹⁷⁹	25	0	25	0.0	0.0	0.1
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	49,980	24,560	25,420	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	14,790	8,085	6,705	29.6	32.9	26.4
Education	2,850	515	2,335	5.7	2.1	9.2
13. Education	2,850	515	2,335	5.7	2.1	9.2
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	740	290	455	1.5	1.2	1.8
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	90	70	20	0.2	0.3	0.1
50. Visual and performing arts	655	220	435	1.3	0.9	1.7
Humanities	1,125	485	645	2.3	2.0	2.5
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	110	30	80	0.2	0.1	0.3
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	530	225	300	1.1	0.9	1.2
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	75	55	20	0.2	0.2	0.1
39. Theology and religious vocations	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
54. History	135	80	50	0.3	0.3	0.2
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	220	70	150	0.4	0.3	0.6
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,350	715	1,635	4.7	2.9	6.4
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	25	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	350	105	245	0.7	0.4	1.0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	625	20	600	1.3	0.1	2.4
22. Legal professions and studies	270	110	165	0.5	0.4	0.6
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	55	10	40	0.1	0.0	0.2
42. Psychology	440	95	350	0.9	0.4	1.4
45. Social sciences	585	360	220	1.2	1.5	0.9
Business, management and public administration	7,675	2,095	5,580	15.4	8.5	22.0
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	895	145	750	1.8	0.6	3.0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	6,775	1,945	4,825	13.6	7.9	19.0
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,295	730	565	2.6	3.0	2.2
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	670	305	365	1.3	1.2	1.4
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	75	65	10	0.2	0.3	0.0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	85	50	35	0.2	0.2	0.1
40. Physical sciences	415	295	120	0.8	1.2	0.5
41. Science technologies/technicians	45	10	30	0.1	0.0	0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	810	580	230	1.6	2.4	0.9
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	690	540	150	1.4	2.2	0.6
25. Library science	65	0	50	0.1	0.0	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	40	20	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	7,610	6,940	670	15.2	28.3	2.6
04. Architecture and related services	380	210	170	0.8	0.9	0.7
14. Engineering	560	445	115	1.1	1.8	0.5
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	1,515	1,310	210	3.0	5.3	0.8
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	1,845	1,800	40	3.7	7.3	0.2
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,125	2,045	80	4.3	8.3	0.3
48. Precision production	1,190	1,140	50	2.4	4.6	0.2
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	2,290	1,535	755	4.6	6.3	3.0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	1,225	700	525	2.5	2.9	2.1
03. Natural resources and conservation	1,060	835	230	2.1	3.4	0.9
Health and related fields	5,195	865	4,325	10.4	3.5	17.0
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	250	120	130	0.5	0.5	0.5
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	4,740	685	4,055	9.5	2.8	16.0
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	195	60	130	0.4	0.2	0.5
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,235	1,730	1,505	6.5	7.0	5.9
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	1,590	330	1,255	3.2	1.3	4.9
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	530	380	145	1.1	1.5	0.6
49. Transportation and materials moving	1,105	1,005	100	2.2	4.1	0.4
Other¹⁷⁹	30	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	49,980	24,560	25,420	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	14,790	8,085	6,705	29.6	32.9	26.4
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	35,195	16,480	18,715	70.4	67.1	73.6
Location of study inside Canada	34,515	16,105	18,410	69.1	65.6	72.4
Same as province or territory of residence	33,980	15,815	18,165	68.0	64.4	71.5
Different than province or territory of residence	535	295	245	1.1	1.2	1.0
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	675	365	310	1.4	1.5	1.2
Americas	110	60	50	0.2	0.2	0.2
United States of America	50	45	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuba	15	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	375	195	175	0.8	0.8	0.7
Belgium	25	10	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
France	310	170	140	0.6	0.7	0.6
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	150	100	50	0.3	0.4	0.2
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	25	10	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Morocco	25	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Tunisia	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	75	50	25	0.2	0.2	0.1
Asia	45	10	35	0.1	0.0	0.1
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	30	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	84,050	41,695	42,360	...	...	...
In the labour force	47,495	24,210	23,290	...	...	...
Employed	43,800	22,180	21,620	...	...	...
Unemployed	3,700	2,025	1,670	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	36,555	17,485	19,070	...	...	...
Participation rate	56.5	58.1	55.0	56.5	58.1	55.0
Employment rate	52.1	53.2	51.0	52.1	53.2	51.0
Unemployment rate	7.8	8.4	7.2	7.8	8.4	7.2
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	84,050	41,695	42,355	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	34,260	16,120	18,145	40.8	38.7	42.8
Worked	49,785	25,575	24,215	59.2	61.3	57.2
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	24,400	12,655	11,745	29.0	30.4	27.7
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	25,390	12,920	12,470	30.2	31.0	29.4
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.4	40.2	40.7	40.4	40.2	40.7
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	47,495	24,210	23,290	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	870	400	470	1.8	1.7	2.0
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	46,625	23,805	22,820	98.2	98.3	98.0
Employee	41,745	21,050	20,695	87.9	86.9	88.9
Permanent position	33,180	16,570	16,610	69.9	68.4	71.3
Temporary position	8,565	4,485	4,085	18.0	18.5	17.5
Fixed term (1 year or more)	2,165	915	1,245	4.6	3.8	5.3
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	6,410	3,565	2,835	13.5	14.7	12.2
Self-employed¹⁹²	4,885	2,755	2,130	10.3	11.4	9.1
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	47,495	24,210	23,290	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	870	400	470	1.8	1.7	2.0
All occupations¹⁹¹	46,625	23,805	22,820	98.2	98.3	98.0
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	735	485	250	1.5	2.0	1.1
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	6,880	2,060	4,830	14.5	8.5	20.7
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	2,945	2,145	790	6.2	8.9	3.4
3 Health occupations	4,875	785	4,090	10.3	3.2	17.6
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	6,625	1,845	4,780	13.9	7.6	20.5
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	965	430	535	2.0	1.8	2.3
6 Sales and service occupations	11,515	5,145	6,370	24.2	21.3	27.4
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	8,085	7,620	465	17.0	31.5	2.0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	2,285	1,845	435	4.8	7.6	1.9
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,715	1,445	270	3.6	6.0	1.2
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	47,495	24,210	23,290	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	870	400	470	1.8	1.7	2.0
All industries¹⁹¹	46,625	23,805	22,820	98.2	98.3	98.0
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	2,585	1,905	675	5.4	7.9	2.9
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	360	330	25	0.8	1.4	0.1
22 Utilities	335	290	40	0.7	1.2	0.2
23 Construction	2,925	2,590	335	6.2	10.7	1.4
31-33 Manufacturing	3,515	2,805	705	7.4	11.6	3.0
41 Wholesale trade	945	720	225	2.0	3.0	1.0
44-45 Retail trade	5,820	2,885	2,935	12.3	11.9	12.6
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	2,145	1,800	345	4.5	7.4	1.5
51 Information and cultural industries	1,435	950	485	3.0	3.9	2.1
52 Finance and insurance	1,015	375	635	2.1	1.5	2.7
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	380	210	170	0.8	0.9	0.7
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,960	945	1,015	4.1	3.9	4.4
55 Management of companies and enterprises	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,490	980	510	3.1	4.0	2.2
61 Educational services	4,135	1,300	2,830	8.7	5.4	12.2
62 Health care and social assistance	8,975	1,680	7,295	18.9	6.9	31.3
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	730	415	315	1.5	1.7	1.4
72 Accommodation and food services	2,380	955	1,430	5.0	3.9	6.1
81 Other services (except public administration)	2,410	1,080	1,335	5.1	4.5	5.7
91 Public administration	3,075	1,580	1,490	6.5	6.5	6.4
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	52,550	27,050	25,505	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	330	230	110	0.6	0.9	0.4
French	48,235	24,280	23,955	91.8	89.8	93.9
Non-official language	30	30	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	30	30	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
English and French	3,860	2,460	1,395	7.3	9.1	5.5
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	60	25	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	45	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	52,550	27,050	25,505	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	52,150	26,795	25,345	99.2	99.1	99.4
Official languages	52,105	26,760	25,345	99.2	98.9	99.4
English	795	535	260	1.5	2.0	1.0
French	51,310	26,230	25,085	97.6	97.0	98.4
Non-official languages	40	40	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	40	40	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	35	25	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	35	25	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	35	25	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	405	250	155	0.8	0.9	0.6
English and French	400	250	155	0.8	0.9	0.6
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	52,550	27,050	25,505	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	48,990	24,780	24,215	93.2	91.6	94.9
English	3,005	1,915	1,090	5.7	7.1	4.3
French	470	315	160	0.9	1.2	0.6
Non-official language	50	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	50	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	43,800	22,180	21,615	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	6,695	3,200	3,495	15.3	14.4	16.2
Worked outside Canada	45	35	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
No fixed workplace address	4,690	3,585	1,110	10.7	16.2	5.1
Usual place of work	32,365	15,370	16,995	73.9	69.3	78.6
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	32,365	15,370	16,995	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	19,655	8,890	10,765	60.7	57.8	63.3
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	6,895	3,215	3,685	21.3	20.9	21.7
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	5,690	3,185	2,500	17.6	20.7	14.7
Commute to a different province or territory	115	75	45	0.4	0.5	0.3
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	37,055	18,950	18,105	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	33,030	16,895	16,140	89.1	89.2	89.1
Car, truck or van - as a driver	31,440	16,205	15,235	84.8	85.5	84.1
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	1,595	695	900	4.3	3.7	5.0
Public transit	285	160	125	0.8	0.8	0.7
Walked	2,715	1,205	1,510	7.3	6.4	8.3
Bicycle	290	205	80	0.8	1.1	0.4
Other method	735	485	250	2.0	2.6	1.4
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	37,055	18,950	18,105	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	20,310	9,705	10,610	54.8	51.2	58.6
15 to 29 minutes	10,750	5,510	5,245	29.0	29.1	29.0
30 to 44 minutes	3,925	2,275	1,650	10.6	12.0	9.1
45 to 59 minutes	965	580	390	2.6	3.1	2.2
60 minutes and over	1,095	890	205	3.0	4.7	1.1
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	37,055	18,950	18,105	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	2,050	1,620	430	5.5	8.5	2.4
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	5,160	3,810	1,350	13.9	20.1	7.5
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	13,580	6,450	7,130	36.6	34.0	39.4
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	8,565	3,405	5,160	23.1	18.0	28.5
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	2,535	910	1,620	6.8	4.8	8.9
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	5,170	2,750	2,420	14.0	14.5	13.4
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	18,020	9,290	8,730	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	765	395	370	4.2	4.3	4.2
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	17,255	8,900	8,360	95.8	95.8	95.8
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	13,270	6,845	6,425	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	590	305	285	4.4	4.5	4.4
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	375	200	175	2.8	2.9	2.7
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	215	105	110	1.6	1.5	1.7
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	12,680	6,545	6,135	95.6	95.6	95.5

Symbol legend

..
not available for a specific reference period
...
not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 18, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

Language selection

Search and menus

Search

Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Symbol legend

Note(s):

Census Profile, 2021 Census of PopulationProfile table

Add a geography

Add or remove data

Symbol legend

Source

How to cite

Note(s):

Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table