Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Rawdon, Municipalité (MÉ)More information: Quebec [Census subdivision]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	11,719	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	11,057	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	6.0	...	...	6.0	...	...
Total private dwellings²	6,109	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	5,447	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	63.2	...	...	63.2	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	185.38	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	11,715	5,910	5,810	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	1,755	910	845	15.0	15.4	14.5
0 to 4 years	545	255	295	4.7	4.3	5.1
5 to 9 years	590	320	270	5.0	5.4	4.6
10 to 14 years	615	335	275	5.2	5.7	4.7
15 to 64 years	7,130	3,600	3,530	60.9	60.9	60.8
15 to 19 years	450	225	225	3.8	3.8	3.9
20 to 24 years	470	255	215	4.0	4.3	3.7
25 to 29 years	585	300	285	5.0	5.1	4.9
30 to 34 years	600	280	320	5.1	4.7	5.5
35 to 39 years	625	325	305	5.3	5.5	5.2
40 to 44 years	625	325	300	5.3	5.5	5.2
45 to 49 years	675	330	345	5.8	5.6	5.9
50 to 54 years	820	425	395	7.0	7.2	6.8
55 to 59 years	1,135	555	575	9.7	9.4	9.9
60 to 64 years	1,135	575	565	9.7	9.7	9.7
65 years and over	2,840	1,400	1,440	24.2	23.7	24.8
65 to 69 years	980	495	480	8.4	8.4	8.3
70 to 74 years	770	395	375	6.6	6.7	6.5
75 to 79 years	520	265	250	4.4	4.5	4.3
80 to 84 years	305	140	165	2.6	2.4	2.8
85 years and over	260	95	165	2.2	1.6	2.8
85 to 89 years	175	70	100	1.5	1.2	1.7
90 to 94 years	55	25	35	0.5	0.4	0.6
95 to 99 years	35	5	25	0.3	0.1	0.4
100 years and over	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	15.0	15.4	14.5	15.0	15.4	14.5
15 to 64 years	60.9	60.9	60.8	60.9	60.9	60.8
65 years and over	24.2	23.7	24.8	24.2	23.7	24.8
85 years and over	2.2	1.6	2.8	2.2	1.6	2.8
Average age of the population	46.1	45.6	46.6	46.1	45.6	46.6
Median age of the population	50.4	50.0	50.8	50.4	50.0	50.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	5,450	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	4,295	...	...	78.8	...	...
Semi-detached house	200	...	...	3.7	...	...
Row house	5	...	...	0.1	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	245	...	...	4.5	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	605	...	...	11.1	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Other single-attached house	75	...	...	1.4	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	25	...	...	0.5	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	5,450	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	1,940	...	...	35.6	...	...
2 persons	2,110	...	...	38.7	...	...
3 persons	645	...	...	11.8	...	...
4 persons	480	...	...	8.8	...	...
5 or more persons	270	...	...	5.0	...	...
Number of persons in private households	11,505	5,805	5,700	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.1	...	...	2.1	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	9,965	5,000	4,970	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	5,535	2,775	2,760	55.5	55.5	55.5
Married	2,815	1,420	1,400	28.2	28.4	28.2
Living common-law	2,715	1,355	1,355	27.2	27.1	27.3
Living common law - Never married	2,070	1,035	1,040	20.8	20.7	20.9
Living common law - Separated	25	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.3
Living common law - Divorced	550	275	270	5.5	5.5	5.4
Living common law - Widowed	70	30	35	0.7	0.6	0.7
Not married and not living common-law	4,435	2,225	2,215	44.5	44.5	44.6
Not married and not living common law - Never married	2,840	1,600	1,240	28.5	32.0	24.9
Not married and not living common law - Separated	140	70	70	1.4	1.4	1.4
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	905	430	480	9.1	8.6	9.7
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	555	130	425	5.6	2.6	8.6
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	3,340	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	2,110	...	...	63.2	...	...
3 persons	600	...	...	18.0	...	...
4 persons	420	...	...	12.6	...	...
5 or more persons	205	...	...	6.1	...	...
Average size of census families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.7	...	...	1.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	3,335	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	2,730	...	...	81.9	...	...
Married couples	1,370	...	...	41.1	...	...
With children⁶	400	...	...	12.0	...	...
Without children	970	...	...	29.1	...	...
Common-law couples	1,355	...	...	40.6	...	...
With children⁶	605	...	...	18.1	...	...
Without children	755	...	...	22.6	...	...
Total one-parent families	610	...	...	18.3	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	440	...	...	13.2	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	165	...	...	4.9	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	11,505	5,805	5,695	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	8,815	4,395	4,415	76.6	75.7	77.5
Married spouses or common-law partners	5,460	2,735	2,720	47.5	47.1	47.8
Parents in one-parent families	605	165	440	5.3	2.8	7.7
Children⁶	2,750	1,495	1,255	23.9	25.8	22.0
In a two-parent family	1,850	980	870	16.1	16.9	15.3
In a one-parent family	900	515	385	7.8	8.9	6.8
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	2,690	1,410	1,280	23.4	24.3	22.5
Living alone	1,945	1,015	930	16.9	17.5	16.3
Living with other relatives⁷	290	120	170	2.5	2.1	3.0
Living with non-relatives only	460	280	180	4.0	4.8	3.2
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	5,445	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	3,030	...	...	55.6	...	...
Couple-family households	2,515	...	...	46.2	...	...
With children⁶	920	...	...	16.9	...	...
Without children	1,600	...	...	29.4	...	...
One-parent-family households	515	...	...	9.5	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	80	...	...	1.5	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	25	...	...	0.5	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	150	...	...	2.8	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	220	...	...	4.0	...	...
One-person households	1,945	...	...	35.7	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	9,755	4,895	4,860	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	9,575	4,815	4,760	98.2	98.4	97.9
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,000	39,200	32,800	36,000	39,200	32,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	9,575	4,815	4,760	98.2	98.4	97.9
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	32,400	35,200	30,200	32,400	35,200	30,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	8,125	4,135	3,980	83.3	84.5	81.9
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	27,400	32,800	23,400	27,400	32,800	23,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,200	3,255	2,945	63.6	66.5	60.6
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	30,000	34,400	26,600	30,000	34,400	26,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	8,345	4,105	4,240	85.5	83.9	87.2
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	13,900	13,600	14,100	13,900	13,600	14,100
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,330	725	600	13.6	14.8	12.3
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,720	6,000	5,480	5,720	6,000	5,480
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,860	1,535	1,320	29.3	31.4	27.2
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	7,500	8,000	8,000	7,500	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	9,755	4,900	4,855	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	9,575	4,815	4,765	98.2	98.3	98.1
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,280	46,320	40,240	43,280	46,320	40,240
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	9,585	4,820	4,765	98.3	98.4	98.1
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,680	38,480	34,880	36,680	38,480	34,880
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	8,140	4,095	4,045	83.4	83.6	83.3
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,480	41,080	31,840	36,480	41,080	31,840
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,195	3,215	2,985	63.5	65.6	61.5
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,200	41,080	35,120	38,200	41,080	35,120
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	8,425	4,140	4,280	86.4	84.5	88.2
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	13,960	13,260	14,660	13,960	13,260	14,660
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,335	700	635	13.7	14.3	13.1
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,930	7,120	6,720	6,930	7,120	6,720
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,835	1,455	1,380	29.1	29.7	28.4
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,500	8,600	8,400	8,500	8,600	8,400
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	9,755	4,900	4,860	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	2,410	1,265	1,150	24.7	25.8	23.7
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	51,600	55,600	47,600	51,600	55,600	47,600
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	58,900	62,800	54,600	58,900	62,800	54,600
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	2,905	1,415	1,490	29.8	28.9	30.7
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	20,800	24,000	18,200	20,800	24,000	18,200
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	28,040	31,000	25,240	28,040	31,000	25,240
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	71.6	75.4	67.2	71.6	75.4	67.2
Employment income (%)¹⁹	57.1	59.2	54.7	57.1	59.2	54.7
Government transfers (%)²⁰	28.4	24.6	32.8	28.4	24.6	32.8
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.2	2.2	2.2	2.2	2.2	2.2
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	6.8	6.4	7.3	6.8	6.4	7.3
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	5.8	5.6	6.1	5.8	5.6	6.1
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	9,760	4,900	4,855	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	180	80	100	1.8	1.6	2.1
With total income	9,575	4,815	4,760	98.1	98.3	98.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	585	275	315	6.1	5.7	6.6
$10,000 to $19,999	1,395	585	805	14.6	12.1	16.9
$20,000 to $29,999	1,935	900	1,035	20.2	18.7	21.7
$30,000 to $39,999	1,455	690	765	15.2	14.3	16.1
$40,000 to $49,999	1,300	630	670	13.6	13.1	14.1
$50,000 to $59,999	900	490	410	9.4	10.2	8.6
$60,000 to $69,999	620	365	255	6.5	7.6	5.4
$70,000 to $79,999	430	270	155	4.5	5.6	3.3
$80,000 to $89,999	310	190	125	3.2	3.9	2.6
$90,000 to $99,999	185	120	65	1.9	2.5	1.4
$100,000 and over	460	295	160	4.8	6.1	3.4
$100,000 to $149,999	335	210	130	3.5	4.4	2.7
$150,000 and over	125	90	35	1.3	1.9	0.7
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	9,760	4,900	4,855	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	180	80	100	1.8	1.6	2.1
With after-tax income	9,575	4,815	4,760	98.1	98.3	98.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	635	290	345	6.6	6.0	7.2
$10,000 to $19,999	1,455	625	830	15.2	13.0	17.4
$20,000 to $29,999	2,220	1,040	1,180	23.2	21.6	24.8
$30,000 to $39,999	1,815	890	930	19.0	18.5	19.5
$40,000 to $49,999	1,375	735	640	14.4	15.3	13.4
$50,000 to $59,999	845	490	360	8.8	10.2	7.6
$60,000 to $69,999	550	335	215	5.7	7.0	4.5
$70,000 to $79,999	275	165	115	2.9	3.4	2.4
$80,000 to $89,999	160	90	70	1.7	1.9	1.5
$90,000 to $99,999	80	50	30	0.8	1.0	0.6
$100,000 and over	170	115	55	1.8	2.4	1.2
$100,000 to $124,999	90	60	35	0.9	1.2	0.7
$125,000 and over	80	55	20	0.8	1.1	0.4
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	9,760	4,900	4,855	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	3,560	1,645	1,910	36.5	33.6	39.3
With employment income	6,195	3,255	2,945	63.5	66.4	60.7
Under $5,000 (including loss)	945	505	440	15.3	15.5	14.9
$5,000 to $9,999	505	240	270	8.2	7.4	9.2
$10,000 to $19,999	890	400	495	14.4	12.3	16.8
$20,000 to $29,999	760	350	410	12.3	10.8	13.9
$30,000 to $39,999	705	335	375	11.4	10.3	12.7
$40,000 to $49,999	620	340	280	10.0	10.4	9.5
$50,000 to $59,999	475	260	215	7.7	8.0	7.3
$60,000 to $69,999	350	220	130	5.6	6.8	4.4
$70,000 to $79,999	290	185	105	4.7	5.7	3.6
$80,000 to $89,999	210	110	100	3.4	3.4	3.4
$90,000 to $99,999	120	80	40	1.9	2.5	1.4
$100,000 and over	325	225	100	5.2	6.9	3.4
$100,000 to $124,999	160	105	60	2.6	3.2	2.0
$125,000 and over	160	120	45	2.6	3.7	1.5
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	9,755	4,895	4,860	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	9,490	4,765	4,720	97.3	97.3	97.1
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	32,800	37,600	29,000	32,800	37,600	29,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	9,500	4,765	4,730	97.4	97.3	97.3
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	30,000	33,600	26,800	30,000	33,600	26,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	8,055	4,110	3,950	82.6	84.0	81.3
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	29,200	35,200	24,600	29,200	35,200	24,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,295	3,295	3,000	64.5	67.3	61.7
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	31,200	36,000	27,200	31,200	36,000	27,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	7,655	3,725	3,930	78.5	76.1	80.9
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,000	9,000	11,100	10,000	9,000	11,100
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	1,250	690	560	12.8	14.1	11.5
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,760	5,080	4,560	4,760	5,080	4,560
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	9,755	4,900	4,855	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	9,500	4,770	4,735	97.4	97.3	97.5
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,840	45,120	36,560	40,840	45,120	36,560
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	9,510	4,770	4,740	97.5	97.3	97.6
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,600	37,360	31,800	34,600	37,360	31,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	8,080	4,075	4,000	82.8	83.2	82.4
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	37,720	43,440	31,840	37,720	43,440	31,840
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	6,305	3,245	3,060	64.6	66.2	63.0
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,920	43,040	34,600	38,920	43,040	34,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	7,625	3,705	3,915	78.2	75.6	80.6
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,980	10,210	11,720	10,980	10,210	11,720
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,285	685	600	13.2	14.0	12.4
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,930	5,410	6,520	5,930	5,410	6,520
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	9,755	4,900	4,860	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	2,380	1,240	1,135	24.4	25.3	23.4
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	48,400	56,000	42,800	48,400	56,000	42,800
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	55,950	61,700	49,700	55,950	61,700	49,700
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	2,795	1,350	1,435	28.7	27.6	29.5
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	26,200	29,400	23,200	26,200	29,400	23,200
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	33,120	37,520	29,000	33,120	37,520	29,000
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	78.4	82.4	73.6	78.4	82.4	73.6
Employment income (%)	63.2	64.8	61.2	63.2	64.8	61.2
Government transfers (%)	21.6	17.6	26.5	21.6	17.6	26.5
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.0	1.7	2.3	2.0	1.7	2.3
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	5,450	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	62,000	...	...	62,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	55,600	...	...	55,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	1,945	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	34,000	...	...	34,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	31,200	...	...	31,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	3,505	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	83,000	...	...	83,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	72,500	...	...	72,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	5,445	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	76,100	...	...	76,100	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	64,600	...	...	64,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,935	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	41,160	...	...	41,160	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	35,200	...	...	35,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	3,510	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	95,400	...	...	95,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	80,800	...	...	80,800	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	5,450	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	60	...	...	1.1	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	35	...	...	0.6	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	100	...	...	1.8	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	140	...	...	2.6	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	385	...	...	7.1	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	230	...	...	4.2	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	240	...	...	4.4	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	320	...	...	5.9	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	305	...	...	5.6	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	300	...	...	5.5	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	505	...	...	9.3	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	430	...	...	7.9	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	425	...	...	7.8	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	355	...	...	6.5	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	315	...	...	5.8	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,315	...	...	24.1	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	515	...	...	9.4	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	310	...	...	5.7	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	320	...	...	5.9	...	...
$200,000 and over	175	...	...	3.2	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	5,450	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	60	...	...	1.1	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	35	...	...	0.6	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	105	...	...	1.9	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	145	...	...	2.7	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	410	...	...	7.5	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	280	...	...	5.1	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	310	...	...	5.7	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	375	...	...	6.9	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	350	...	...	6.4	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	330	...	...	6.1	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	585	...	...	10.7	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	505	...	...	9.3	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	450	...	...	8.3	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	350	...	...	6.4	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	280	...	...	5.1	...	...
$100,000 and over	880	...	...	16.1	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	430	...	...	7.9	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	240	...	...	4.4	...	...
$150,000 and over	210	...	...	3.9	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	3,340	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	82,000	...	...	82,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	72,000	...	...	72,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	1,620	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	74,000	...	...	74,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	64,500	...	...	64,500	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	1,020	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	112,000	...	...	112,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	98,000	...	...	98,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	585	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	60,800	...	...	60,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	56,400	...	...	56,400	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	2,400	1,290	1,110	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	33,200	36,000	31,000	33,200	36,000	31,000
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	30,400	32,400	28,800	30,400	32,400	28,800
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	3,325	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	94,000	...	...	94,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	79,700	...	...	79,700	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,595	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	84,600	...	...	84,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	71,400	...	...	71,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,045	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	124,000	...	...	124,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	104,400	...	...	104,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	570	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	68,000	...	...	68,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	60,400	...	...	60,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	2,420	1,295	1,125	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	42,000	44,680	38,900	42,000	44,680	38,900
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	35,640	36,920	34,100	35,640	36,920	34,100
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	11,505	5,810	5,700	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	2,030	1,055	975	17.6	18.2	17.1
0 to 5 years	655	315	340	5.7	5.4	6.0
18 to 64 years	6,785	3,420	3,370	59.0	58.9	59.1
65 years and over	2,685	1,335	1,350	23.3	23.0	23.7
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,755	860	900	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	285	155	140	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	90	40	45	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	845	440	400	...	...	...
65 years and over	625	265	355	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	15.3	14.8	15.8	15.3	14.8	15.8
0 to 17 years (%)	14.2	14.4	14.0	14.2	14.4	14.0
0 to 5 years (%)	13.8	14.0	13.6	13.8	14.0	13.6
18 to 64 years (%)	12.4	12.9	12.0	12.4	12.9	12.0
65 years and over (%)	23.3	20.2	26.5	23.3	20.2	26.5
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	11,505	5,805	5,695	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	2,035	1,055	980	17.7	18.2	17.2
0 to 5 years	655	315	340	5.7	5.4	6.0
18 to 64 years	6,790	3,415	3,370	59.0	58.8	59.2
65 years and over	2,685	1,340	1,350	23.3	23.1	23.7
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	390	215	175	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	35	20	15	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	10	10	5	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	310	175	140	...	...	...
65 years and over	40	15	20	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.4	3.7	3.1	3.4	3.7	3.1
0 to 17 years (%)	1.9	2.2	1.6	1.9	2.2	1.6
0 to 5 years (%)	1.8	3.0	x	1.8	3.0	x
18 to 64 years (%)	4.6	5.2	4.1	4.6	5.2	4.1
65 years and over (%)	1.4	1.2	1.6	1.4	1.2	1.6
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	11,505	5,810	5,700	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	7,705	3,850	3,855	67.0	66.3	67.6
In bottom decile	1,530	775	755	13.3	13.3	13.2
In second decile	1,625	770	855	14.1	13.3	15.0
In third decile	1,670	835	835	14.5	14.4	14.6
In fourth decile	1,625	830	790	14.1	14.3	13.9
In fifth decile	1,260	640	615	11.0	11.0	10.8
In top half of the distribution	3,800	1,960	1,840	33.0	33.7	32.3
In sixth decile	1,145	590	555	10.0	10.2	9.7
In seventh decile	920	480	440	8.0	8.3	7.7
In eighth decile	790	410	380	6.9	7.1	6.7
In ninth decile	605	300	300	5.3	5.2	5.3
In top decile	345	180	170	3.0	3.1	3.0
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	11,505	...	...	11,505	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.296	...	...	0.296	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.472	...	...	0.472	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.255	...	...	0.255	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.2	...	...	3.2	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	11,570	5,845	5,725	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	315	155	155	2.7	2.7	2.7
French only	6,245	3,105	3,145	54.0	53.1	54.9
English and French	5,000	2,580	2,420	43.2	44.1	42.3
Neither English nor French	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	11,570	5,845	5,725	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	1,200	610	585	10.4	10.4	10.2
French	10,230	5,160	5,070	88.4	88.3	88.6
English and French	130	65	60	1.1	1.1	1.0
Neither English nor French	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	11,570	5,845	5,725	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	11,310	5,710	5,600	97.8	97.7	97.8
Official languages	10,940	5,525	5,415	94.6	94.5	94.6
English	1,020	515	505	8.8	8.8	8.8
French	9,920	5,005	4,915	85.7	85.6	85.9
Non-official languages	370	190	180	3.2	3.3	3.1
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	370	185	180	3.2	3.2	3.1
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	320	165	160	2.8	2.8	2.8
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	170	80	85	1.5	1.4	1.5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	170	80	85	1.5	1.4	1.5
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Czech	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	90	35	50	0.8	0.6	0.9
Russian	45	30	20	0.4	0.5	0.3
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Ukrainian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	25	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	15	5	15	0.1	0.1	0.3
German	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	115	65	55	1.0	1.1	1.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	30	25	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
Portuguese	20	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Romanian	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Spanish	55	25	30	0.5	0.4	0.5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Chinese languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	260	125	130	2.2	2.1	2.3
English and French	215	110	105	1.9	1.9	1.8
English and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	11,570	5,845	5,725	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	900	450	450	7.8	7.7	7.9
French	9,720	4,915	4,805	84.0	84.1	83.9
Non-official language	70	35	40	0.6	0.6	0.7
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	70	35	40	0.6	0.6	0.7
English and French	645	330	315	5.6	5.6	5.5
English and non-official language(s)	35	15	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
French and non-official language(s)	90	45	45	0.8	0.8	0.8
English, French and non-official language(s)	95	50	45	0.8	0.9	0.8
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	11,570	5,845	5,725	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	11,335	5,720	5,615	98.0	97.9	98.1
Official languages	11,200	5,655	5,545	96.8	96.7	96.9
English	1,095	555	545	9.5	9.5	9.5
French	10,105	5,105	5,005	87.3	87.3	87.4
Non-official languages	135	65	70	1.2	1.1	1.2
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	135	65	70	1.2	1.1	1.2
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	115	50	60	1.0	0.9	1.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	90	45	50	0.8	0.8	0.9
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	90	45	50	0.8	0.8	0.9
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	45	20	30	0.4	0.3	0.5
Russian	30	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
German	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	25	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.2
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages	0	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	235	120	115	2.0	2.1	2.0
English and French	185	100	85	1.6	1.7	1.5
English and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	30	20	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	11,570	5,845	5,725	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	10,920	5,515	5,400	94.4	94.4	94.3
English	330	155	170	2.9	2.7	3.0
French	185	95	90	1.6	1.6	1.6
Non-official language	65	35	35	0.6	0.6	0.6
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	65	35	35	0.6	0.6	0.6
English and French	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and non-official language(s)	40	20	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
French and non-official language(s)	20	10	5	0.2	0.2	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	11,505	5,810	5,700	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	11,500	5,805	5,695	100.0	99.9	99.9
English	5,305	2,705	2,605	46.1	46.6	45.7
French	11,185	5,660	5,535	97.2	97.4	97.1
Non-official languages	805	350	455	7.0	6.0	8.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	800	345	455	7.0	5.9	8.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	20	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	20	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	20	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	735	325	405	6.4	5.6	7.1
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	180	85	100	1.6	1.5	1.8
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	175	85	95	1.5	1.5	1.7
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	130	55	75	1.1	0.9	1.3
Russian	45	30	15	0.4	0.5	0.3
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	65	40	25	0.6	0.7	0.4
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	55	35	20	0.5	0.6	0.4
German	55	35	20	0.5	0.6	0.4
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	530	215	315	4.6	3.7	5.5
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	110	45	65	1.0	0.8	1.1
Portuguese	15	15	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	415	160	255	3.6	2.8	4.5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	30	0	25	0.3	0.0	0.4
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	11,505	5,805	5,700	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	265	135	125	2.3	2.3	2.2
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	245	120	120	2.1	2.1	2.1
First Nations (North American Indian)	130	75	55	1.1	1.3	1.0
Métis	110	50	60	1.0	0.9	1.1
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Non-Indigenous identity	11,235	5,670	5,565	97.7	97.7	97.6
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	11,505	5,805	5,700	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	60	25	30	0.5	0.4	0.5
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	11,450	5,785	5,665	99.5	99.7	99.4
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	5,445	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	3,890	...	...	71.4	...	...
Renter	1,560	...	...	28.7	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	5,445	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	265	...	...	4.9	...	...
Not condominium	5,180	...	...	95.1	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	5,445	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
1 bedroom	685	...	...	12.6	...	...
2 bedrooms	2,180	...	...	40.0	...	...
3 bedrooms	1,735	...	...	31.9	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	845	...	...	15.5	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	5,445	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,795	...	...	33.0	...	...
5 rooms	1,115	...	...	20.5	...	...
6 rooms	850	...	...	15.6	...	...
7 rooms	640	...	...	11.8	...	...
8 or more rooms	1,050	...	...	19.3	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.8	...	...	5.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	5,445	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	5,425	...	...	99.6	...	...
More than one person per room	20	...	...	0.4	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	5,445	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	5,305	...	...	97.4	...	...
Not suitable	145	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	5,445	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	1,105	...	...	20.3	...	...
1961 to 1980	1,455	...	...	26.7	...	...
1981 to 1990	685	...	...	12.6	...	...
1991 to 2000	545	...	...	10.0	...	...
2001 to 2005	265	...	...	4.9	...	...
2006 to 2010	495	...	...	9.1	...	...
2011 to 2015	365	...	...	6.7	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	535	...	...	9.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	5,445	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	5,010	...	...	92.0	...	...
Major repairs needed	440	...	...	8.1	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	5,445	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	3,130	...	...	57.5	...	...
Two-maintainer household	2,160	...	...	39.7	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	150	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	5,445	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	105	...	...	1.9	...	...
25 to 34 years	540	...	...	9.9	...	...
35 to 44 years	705	...	...	12.9	...	...
45 to 54 years	935	...	...	17.2	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,395	...	...	25.6	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,060	...	...	19.5	...	...
75 to 84 years	575	...	...	10.6	...	...
85 years and over	125	...	...	2.3	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	5,405	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	4,640	...	...	85.8	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	770	...	...	14.2	...	...
30% to less than 100%	725	...	...	13.4	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	5,445	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	1,245	...	...	22.9	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	680	...	...	12.5	...	...
Not suitable only	125	...	...	2.3	...	...
Major repairs needed only	340	...	...	6.2	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	85	...	...	1.6	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	15	...	...	0.3	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	4,205	...	...	77.2	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	5,360	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	210	...	...	3.9	...	...
Not in core need	5,155	...	...	96.2	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	3,870	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	62.5	...	...	62.5	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	9.1	...	...	9.1	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	900	...	...	900	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	968	...	...	968	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	250,000	...	...	250,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	283,600	...	...	283,600	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,560	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	4.2	...	...	4.2	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	26.9	...	...	26.9	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	8.9	...	...	8.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	810	...	...	810	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	818	...	...	818	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	11,505	5,810	5,695	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	255	155	105	2.2	2.7	1.8
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	255	155	105	2.2	2.7	1.8
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	240	140	100	2.1	2.4	1.8
Métis single ancestry	20	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	400	180	215	3.5	3.1	3.8
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	390	180	210	3.4	3.1	3.7
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	370	155	210	3.2	2.7	3.7
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	20	20	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	10,850	5,470	5,375	94.3	94.1	94.4
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	11,505	5,810	5,695	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	11,355	5,710	5,650	98.7	98.3	99.2
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,985	1,010	970	17.3	17.4	17.0
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	9,375	4,700	4,675	81.5	80.9	82.1
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	150	100	50	1.3	1.7	0.9
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	11,505	5,810	5,695	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	10,950	5,495	5,450	95.2	94.6	95.7
Immigrants⁸¹	480	255	225	4.2	4.4	4.0
Before 1980	205	100	105	1.8	1.7	1.8
1980 to 1990	75	45	35	0.7	0.8	0.6
1991 to 2000	80	35	40	0.7	0.6	0.7
2001 to 2010	55	25	35	0.5	0.4	0.6
2011 to 2021⁸²	60	45	10	0.5	0.8	0.2
2011 to 2015	40	30	0	0.3	0.5	0.0
2016 to 2021	15	15	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Non-permanent residents⁸³	80	55	20	0.7	0.9	0.4
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	480	260	225	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	80	50	30	16.7	19.2	13.3
5 to 14 years	85	35	50	17.7	13.5	22.2
15 to 24 years	85	45	45	17.7	17.3	20.0
25 to 44 years	220	130	90	45.8	50.0	40.0
45 years and over	10	0	10	2.1	0.0	4.4
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	480	260	225	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	110	55	55	22.9	21.2	24.4
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	25	20	10	5.2	7.7	4.4
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	10	0	0	2.1	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	25	10	10	5.2	3.8	4.4
Other places of birth in Americas	35	15	20	7.3	5.8	8.9
Europe	320	175	145	66.7	67.3	64.4
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	80	55	20	16.7	21.2	8.9
Germany	10	10	0	2.1	3.8	0.0
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	25	15	10	5.2	5.8	4.4
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	85	35	55	17.7	13.5	24.4
Portugal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	40	15	20	8.3	5.8	8.9
Other places of birth in Europe	65	30	40	13.5	11.5	17.8
Africa	25	15	10	5.2	5.8	4.4
Algeria	10	0	0	2.1	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	10	0	10	2.1	0.0	4.4
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	10	10	0	2.1	3.8	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	20	15	10	4.2	5.8	4.4
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	15	0	10	3.1	0.0	4.4
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	15	15	0	100.0	100.0	0.0
Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	15	15	0	100.0	100.0	0.0
France	10	10	0	66.7	66.7	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	11,505	5,805	5,700	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	595	320	275	5.2	5.5	4.8
Second generation¹⁰¹	460	245	220	4.0	4.2	3.9
Third generation or more¹⁰²	10,445	5,240	5,205	90.8	90.3	91.3
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	275	155	115	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	105	50	50	38.2	32.3	43.5
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	65	50	15	23.6	32.3	13.0
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	35	0	35	12.7	0.0	30.4
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	120	65	55	43.6	41.9	47.8
Refugees¹⁰⁸	50	40	10	18.2	25.8	8.7
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	275	155	115	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	10	10	0	3.6	6.5	0.0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	55	40	15	20.0	25.8	13.0
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	15	0	10	5.5	0.0	8.7
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	15	10	10	5.5	6.5	8.7
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	170	100	80	61.8	64.5	69.6
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	11,505	5,805	5,700	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	195	85	115	1.7	1.5	2.0
South Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
Black	35	15	25	0.3	0.3	0.4
Filipino	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arab	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Latin American	60	35	25	0.5	0.6	0.4
Southeast Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	40	10	25	0.3	0.2	0.4
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple visible minorities	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	11,305	5,725	5,585	98.3	98.6	98.0
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	11,505	5,810	5,695	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	3,600	1,755	1,845	31.3	30.2	32.4
English	375	220	160	3.3	3.8	2.8
Irish	1,185	635	550	10.3	10.9	9.7
Scottish	435	205	225	3.8	3.5	4.0
French, n.o.s.¹²²	2,980	1,525	1,455	25.9	26.2	25.5
German	195	95	100	1.7	1.6	1.8
Chinese	45	15	25	0.4	0.3	0.4
Italian	370	200	175	3.2	3.4	3.1
Indian (India)	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Ukrainian	55	40	10	0.5	0.7	0.2
Dutch	30	20	10	0.3	0.3	0.2
Polish	175	80	95	1.5	1.4	1.7
Québécois	1,905	970	940	16.6	16.7	16.5
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	55	25	30	0.5	0.4	0.5
Filipino	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French Canadian	940	450	495	8.2	7.7	8.7
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	180	95	80	1.6	1.6	1.4
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	245	125	120	2.1	2.2	2.1
Métis	55	40	10	0.5	0.7	0.2
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	140	75	70	1.2	1.3	1.2
Russian	35	15	20	0.3	0.3	0.4
Norwegian	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Welsh	35	30	0	0.3	0.5	0.0
Portuguese	30	25	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
American	110	50	60	1.0	0.9	1.1
Spanish	130	65	60	1.1	1.1	1.1
Swedish	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Acadian	205	80	125	1.8	1.4	2.2
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	35	10	25	0.3	0.2	0.4
Jamaican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanese	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	100	55	40	0.9	0.9	0.7
Danish	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	55	15	40	0.5	0.3	0.7
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	20	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Belgian	50	15	35	0.4	0.3	0.6
Haitian	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mennonite	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	40	10	30	0.3	0.2	0.5
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	95	45	50	0.8	0.8	0.9
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.3
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	20	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombian	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
Moroccan	15	15	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Czech	20	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Syrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	95	45	55	0.8	0.8	1.0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	25	10	20	0.2	0.2	0.4
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.3
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	40	15	30	0.3	0.3	0.5
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	30	20	20	0.3	0.3	0.4
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	25	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	55	35	20	0.5	0.6	0.4
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	50	30	20	0.4	0.5	0.4
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	25	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.4
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	25	20	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	11,505	5,805	5,700	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
Christian	7,780	3,840	3,940	67.6	66.1	69.1
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	300	145	155	2.6	2.5	2.7
Anabaptist	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
Anglican	155	85	70	1.3	1.5	1.2
Baptist	20	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Catholic	6,970	3,415	3,555	60.6	58.8	62.4
Christian Orthodox	60	45	15	0.5	0.8	0.3
Jehovah's Witness	60	25	30	0.5	0.4	0.5
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lutheran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	75	35	35	0.7	0.6	0.6
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	125	65	60	1.1	1.1	1.1
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	25	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
No religion and secular perspectives	3,655	1,940	1,720	31.8	33.4	30.2
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	11,380	5,750	5,630	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	9,980	5,060	4,925	87.7	88.0	87.5
Movers	1,395	690	710	12.3	12.0	12.6
Non-migrants	520	270	250	4.6	4.7	4.4
Migrants	875	420	455	7.7	7.3	8.1
Internal migrants	870	420	450	7.6	7.3	8.0
Intraprovincial migrants	830	400	430	7.3	7.0	7.6
Interprovincial migrants	40	20	20	0.4	0.3	0.4
External migrants	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	10,955	5,550	5,405	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	6,530	3,380	3,150	59.6	60.9	58.3
Movers	4,425	2,170	2,250	40.4	39.1	41.6
Non-migrants	1,375	685	685	12.6	12.3	12.7
Migrants	3,055	1,485	1,565	27.9	26.8	29.0
Internal migrants	2,940	1,410	1,530	26.8	25.4	28.3
Intraprovincial migrants	2,860	1,360	1,500	26.1	24.5	27.8
Interprovincial migrants	80	50	30	0.7	0.9	0.6
External migrants	110	75	30	1.0	1.4	0.6
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	9,755	4,900	4,860	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	2,570	1,505	1,070	26.3	30.7	22.0
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	7,180	3,395	3,785	73.6	69.3	77.9
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	6,155	3,050	3,105	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,405	880	520	22.8	28.9	16.7
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	4,750	2,165	2,580	77.2	71.0	83.1
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	9,755	4,900	4,855	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,225	1,235	985	22.8	25.2	20.3
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	2,585	1,205	1,380	26.5	24.6	28.4
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,945	2,460	2,495	50.7	50.2	51.4
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	3,740	1,985	1,755	38.3	40.5	36.1
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,085	1,265	815	21.4	25.8	16.8
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	1,475	780	695	15.1	15.9	14.3
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	600	485	115	6.2	9.9	2.4
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,360	590	770	13.9	12.0	15.9
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	300	130	170	3.1	2.7	3.5
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,210	475	735	12.4	9.7	15.1
Bachelor's degree	755	280	475	7.7	5.7	9.8
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	140	65	75	1.4	1.3	1.5
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	30	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.4
Master's degree	230	95	135	2.4	1.9	2.8
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	45	15	30	0.5	0.3	0.6
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	6,155	3,050	3,105	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,160	695	465	18.8	22.8	15.0
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,410	690	720	22.9	22.6	23.2
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,585	1,665	1,920	58.2	54.6	61.8
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,685	1,360	1,325	43.6	44.6	42.7
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,555	910	645	25.3	29.8	20.8
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	1,100	530	565	17.9	17.4	18.2
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	460	375	85	7.5	12.3	2.7
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	960	375	585	15.6	12.3	18.8
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	165	65	95	2.7	2.1	3.1
Bachelor's degree or higher	900	305	590	14.6	10.0	19.0
Bachelor's degree	560	180	385	9.1	5.9	12.4
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	100	45	50	1.6	1.5	1.6
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	25	10	15	0.4	0.3	0.5
Master's degree	190	70	120	3.1	2.3	3.9
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	25	0	20	0.4	0.0	0.6
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	9,755	4,895	4,860	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	4,810	2,445	2,370	49.3	49.9	48.8
Education	475	90	385	4.9	1.8	7.9
13. Education	475	90	385	4.9	1.8	7.9
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	170	60	105	1.7	1.2	2.2
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	25	15	10	0.3	0.3	0.2
50. Visual and performing arts	145	45	100	1.5	0.9	2.1
Humanities	225	105	115	2.3	2.1	2.4
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	20	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.4
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	120	65	50	1.2	1.3	1.0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
54. History	15	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	25	0	25	0.3	0.0	0.5
Social and behavioural sciences and law	365	110	255	3.7	2.2	5.2
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	80	35	45	0.8	0.7	0.9
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	85	0	80	0.9	0.0	1.6
22. Legal professions and studies	55	20	40	0.6	0.4	0.8
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
42. Psychology	60	20	40	0.6	0.4	0.8
45. Social sciences	60	30	35	0.6	0.6	0.7
Business, management and public administration	945	300	650	9.7	6.1	13.4
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	65	20	45	0.7	0.4	0.9
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	885	280	605	9.1	5.7	12.4
Physical and life sciences and technologies	110	45	65	1.1	0.9	1.3
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	30	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.4
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	15	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	35	25	0	0.4	0.5	0.0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
41. Science technologies/technicians	25	0	25	0.3	0.0	0.5
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	120	95	25	1.2	1.9	0.5
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	100	80	20	1.0	1.6	0.4
25. Library science	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	15	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,225	1,145	80	12.6	23.4	1.6
04. Architecture and related services	35	15	15	0.4	0.3	0.3
14. Engineering	75	75	0	0.8	1.5	0.0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	225	200	25	2.3	4.1	0.5
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	405	390	20	4.2	8.0	0.4
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	290	290	0	3.0	5.9	0.0
48. Precision production	190	170	15	1.9	3.5	0.3
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	140	95	45	1.4	1.9	0.9
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	125	85	45	1.3	1.7	0.9
03. Natural resources and conservation	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Health and related fields	660	115	540	6.8	2.3	11.1
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	50	25	15	0.5	0.5	0.3
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	600	80	515	6.2	1.6	10.6
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	15	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	520	290	230	5.3	5.9	4.7
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	225	45	180	2.3	0.9	3.7
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	120	100	15	1.2	2.0	0.3
49. Transportation and materials moving	175	145	30	1.8	3.0	0.6
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	6,155	3,050	3,105	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	2,575	1,390	1,185	41.8	45.6	38.2
Education	315	55	260	5.1	1.8	8.4
13. Education	315	55	260	5.1	1.8	8.4
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	145	40	95	2.4	1.3	3.1
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	20	15	0	0.3	0.5	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	125	25	95	2.0	0.8	3.1
Humanities	155	60	95	2.5	2.0	3.1
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.5
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	90	40	50	1.5	1.3	1.6
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
54. History	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	20	0	20	0.3	0.0	0.6
Social and behavioural sciences and law	290	70	220	4.7	2.3	7.1
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	65	25	40	1.1	0.8	1.3
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	65	0	60	1.1	0.0	1.9
22. Legal professions and studies	40	0	35	0.6	0.0	1.1
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
42. Psychology	45	10	40	0.7	0.3	1.3
45. Social sciences	55	25	30	0.9	0.8	1.0
Business, management and public administration	690	205	485	11.2	6.7	15.6
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	55	20	40	0.9	0.7	1.3
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	630	185	445	10.2	6.1	14.3
Physical and life sciences and technologies	55	20	30	0.9	0.7	1.0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	25	10	15	0.4	0.3	0.5
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	10	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	90	65	20	1.5	2.1	0.6
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	70	55	15	1.1	1.8	0.5
25. Library science	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	830	765	65	13.5	25.1	2.1
04. Architecture and related services	25	10	15	0.4	0.3	0.5
14. Engineering	50	50	0	0.8	1.6	0.0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	155	125	25	2.5	4.1	0.8
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	310	300	10	5.0	9.8	0.3
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	170	170	0	2.8	5.6	0.0
48. Precision production	120	110	15	1.9	3.6	0.5
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	115	80	35	1.9	2.6	1.1
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	105	70	30	1.7	2.3	1.0
03. Natural resources and conservation	10	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Health and related fields	510	75	430	8.3	2.5	13.8
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	30	15	15	0.5	0.5	0.5
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	470	60	410	7.6	2.0	13.2
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	405	230	175	6.6	7.5	5.6
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	170	30	135	2.8	1.0	4.3
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	95	80	15	1.5	2.6	0.5
49. Transportation and materials moving	145	115	25	2.4	3.8	0.8
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	6,155	3,050	3,105	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,575	1,390	1,185	41.8	45.6	38.2
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	3,585	1,660	1,920	58.2	54.4	61.8
Location of study inside Canada	3,460	1,590	1,870	56.2	52.1	60.2
Same as province or territory of residence	3,425	1,570	1,855	55.6	51.5	59.7
Different than province or territory of residence	40	20	20	0.6	0.7	0.6
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	120	70	45	1.9	2.3	1.4
Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	105	65	40	1.7	2.1	1.3
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	70	40	20	1.1	1.3	0.6
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	10	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.5
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	10	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	15	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	9,755	4,900	4,855	...	...	...
In the labour force	5,375	2,770	2,600	...	...	...
Employed	4,975	2,540	2,430	...	...	...
Unemployed	400	230	170	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	4,380	2,125	2,255	...	...	...
Participation rate	55.1	56.5	53.6	55.1	56.5	53.6
Employment rate	51.0	51.8	50.1	51.0	51.8	50.1
Unemployment rate	7.4	8.3	6.5	7.4	8.3	6.5
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	9,755	4,895	4,860	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	4,220	2,055	2,165	43.3	42.0	44.5
Worked	5,535	2,845	2,695	56.7	58.1	55.5
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	2,460	1,295	1,160	25.2	26.5	23.9
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	3,075	1,545	1,530	31.5	31.6	31.5
Average weeks worked in reference year	39.8	39.9	39.8	39.8	39.9	39.8
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	5,370	2,770	2,600	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	75	50	25	1.4	1.8	1.0
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	5,295	2,725	2,575	98.6	98.4	99.0
Employee	4,480	2,220	2,260	83.4	80.1	86.9
Permanent position	3,785	1,900	1,885	70.5	68.6	72.5
Temporary position	695	320	375	12.9	11.6	14.4
Fixed term (1 year or more)	190	65	130	3.5	2.3	5.0
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	505	260	245	9.4	9.4	9.4
Self-employed¹⁹²	815	500	315	15.2	18.1	12.1
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	5,370	2,770	2,600	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	75	50	25	1.4	1.8	1.0
All occupations¹⁹¹	5,295	2,725	2,575	98.6	98.4	99.0
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	100	70	25	1.9	2.5	1.0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	690	175	515	12.8	6.3	19.8
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	280	195	90	5.2	7.0	3.5
3 Health occupations	495	80	410	9.2	2.9	15.8
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	655	180	475	12.2	6.5	18.3
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	125	55	70	2.3	2.0	2.7
6 Sales and service occupations	1,260	505	755	23.5	18.2	29.0
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,315	1,160	150	24.5	41.9	5.8
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	145	120	25	2.7	4.3	1.0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	235	170	65	4.4	6.1	2.5
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	5,370	2,770	2,600	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	75	50	25	1.4	1.8	1.0
All industries¹⁹¹	5,295	2,725	2,575	98.6	98.4	99.0
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	100	60	40	1.9	2.2	1.5
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	20	20	0	0.4	0.7	0.0
22 Utilities	10	10	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
23 Construction	640	555	85	11.9	20.0	3.3
31-33 Manufacturing	525	365	155	9.8	13.2	6.0
41 Wholesale trade	110	90	25	2.0	3.2	1.0
44-45 Retail trade	705	335	365	13.1	12.1	14.0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	270	210	60	5.0	7.6	2.3
51 Information and cultural industries	85	40	50	1.6	1.4	1.9
52 Finance and insurance	110	35	75	2.0	1.3	2.9
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	90	70	20	1.7	2.5	0.8
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	285	150	135	5.3	5.4	5.2
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	290	160	135	5.4	5.8	5.2
61 Educational services	420	110	310	7.8	4.0	11.9
62 Health care and social assistance	820	140	680	15.3	5.1	26.2
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	135	60	75	2.5	2.2	2.9
72 Accommodation and food services	220	60	155	4.1	2.2	6.0
81 Other services (except public administration)	265	150	115	4.9	5.4	4.4
91 Public administration	200	105	90	3.7	3.8	3.5
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	5,875	3,020	2,850	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	160	90	70	2.7	3.0	2.5
French	4,370	2,235	2,135	74.4	74.0	74.9
Non-official language	20	10	20	0.3	0.3	0.7
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	20	10	20	0.3	0.3	0.7
English and French	1,260	665	595	21.4	22.0	20.9
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	20	10	15	0.3	0.3	0.5
English, French and non-official language(s)	30	15	15	0.5	0.5	0.5
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	5,875	3,020	2,850	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	5,705	2,935	2,775	97.1	97.2	97.4
Official languages	5,680	2,920	2,760	96.7	96.7	96.8
English	295	170	125	5.0	5.6	4.4
French	5,385	2,750	2,635	91.7	91.1	92.5
Non-official languages	25	10	20	0.4	0.3	0.7
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	25	10	20	0.4	0.3	0.7
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	15	10	0	0.3	0.3	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	165	90	75	2.8	3.0	2.6
English and French	155	85	70	2.6	2.8	2.5
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	5,875	3,020	2,850	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	4,715	2,415	2,300	80.3	80.0	80.7
English	980	505	475	16.7	16.7	16.7
French	130	85	45	2.2	2.8	1.6
Non-official language	20	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.4
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	20	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.4
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	20	10	15	0.3	0.3	0.5
French and non-official language(s)	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	4,970	2,540	2,430	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	660	255	405	13.3	10.0	16.7
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No fixed workplace address	930	715	220	18.7	28.1	9.1
Usual place of work	3,380	1,570	1,810	68.0	61.8	74.5
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	3,380	1,570	1,810	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,345	515	830	39.8	32.8	45.9
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	160	80	85	4.7	5.1	4.7
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	1,865	970	895	55.2	61.8	49.4
Commute to a different province or territory	10	0	0	0.3	0.0	0.0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	4,310	2,285	2,025	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	4,005	2,135	1,870	92.9	93.4	92.3
Car, truck or van - as a driver	3,830	2,080	1,755	88.9	91.0	86.7
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	175	55	115	4.1	2.4	5.7
Public transit	35	25	0	0.8	1.1	0.0
Walked	175	70	105	4.1	3.1	5.2
Bicycle	15	15	0	0.3	0.7	0.0
Other method	85	40	45	2.0	1.8	2.2
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	4,310	2,285	2,025	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	1,390	530	860	32.3	23.2	42.5
15 to 29 minutes	775	415	365	18.0	18.2	18.0
30 to 44 minutes	840	395	440	19.5	17.3	21.7
45 to 59 minutes	520	355	165	12.1	15.5	8.1
60 minutes and over	790	595	195	18.3	26.0	9.6
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	4,310	2,285	2,025	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	480	370	110	11.1	16.2	5.4
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	710	460	245	16.5	20.1	12.1
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,210	555	655	28.1	24.3	32.3
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	825	240	580	19.1	10.5	28.6
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	330	155	180	7.7	6.8	8.9
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	750	500	255	17.4	21.9	12.6
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	2,060	1,065	990	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	350	185	160	17.0	17.4	16.2
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,710	885	830	83.0	83.1	83.8
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	1,475	795	680	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	250	145	110	16.9	18.2	16.2
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	215	120	95	14.6	15.1	14.0
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	40	25	15	2.7	3.1	2.2
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,225	650	570	83.1	81.8	83.8

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 18, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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