Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Pierre-De Saurel, Municipalité régionale de comté (MRC)More information: Quebec [Census division]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	51,843	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	51,025	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	1.6	...	...	1.6	...	...
Total private dwellings²	25,885	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	24,724	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	87.1	...	...	87.1	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	595.13	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	51,845	26,015	25,830	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	6,825	3,575	3,250	13.2	13.7	12.6
0 to 4 years	2,085	1,075	1,010	4.0	4.1	3.9
5 to 9 years	2,390	1,290	1,095	4.6	5.0	4.2
10 to 14 years	2,355	1,205	1,145	4.5	4.6	4.4
15 to 64 years	30,185	15,485	14,700	58.2	59.5	56.9
15 to 19 years	2,160	1,125	1,035	4.2	4.3	4.0
20 to 24 years	2,165	1,140	1,030	4.2	4.4	4.0
25 to 29 years	2,465	1,290	1,175	4.8	5.0	4.5
30 to 34 years	2,675	1,375	1,300	5.2	5.3	5.0
35 to 39 years	2,835	1,505	1,330	5.5	5.8	5.1
40 to 44 years	3,125	1,625	1,500	6.0	6.2	5.8
45 to 49 years	2,660	1,415	1,250	5.1	5.4	4.8
50 to 54 years	3,200	1,590	1,605	6.2	6.1	6.2
55 to 59 years	4,085	2,040	2,040	7.9	7.8	7.9
60 to 64 years	4,810	2,380	2,435	9.3	9.1	9.4
65 years and over	14,830	6,950	7,880	28.6	26.7	30.5
65 to 69 years	4,615	2,290	2,330	8.9	8.8	9.0
70 to 74 years	3,980	1,950	2,025	7.7	7.5	7.8
75 to 79 years	3,050	1,490	1,565	5.9	5.7	6.1
80 to 84 years	1,590	720	870	3.1	2.8	3.4
85 years and over	1,600	505	1,095	3.1	1.9	4.2
85 to 89 years	1,020	370	655	2.0	1.4	2.5
90 to 94 years	455	110	350	0.9	0.4	1.4
95 to 99 years	100	25	80	0.2	0.1	0.3
100 years and over	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	13.2	13.7	12.6	13.2	13.7	12.6
15 to 64 years	58.2	59.5	56.9	58.2	59.5	56.9
65 years and over	28.6	26.7	30.5	28.6	26.7	30.5
85 years and over	3.1	1.9	4.2	3.1	1.9	4.2
Average age of the population	47.7	46.5	48.9	47.7	46.5	48.9
Median age of the population	51.6	50.0	53.2	51.6	50.0	53.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	24,725	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	15,170	...	...	61.4	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,235	...	...	5.0	...	...
Row house	395	...	...	1.6	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	1,935	...	...	7.8	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	5,635	...	...	22.8	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	150	...	...	0.6	...	...
Other single-attached house	110	...	...	0.4	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	90	...	...	0.4	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	24,725	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	9,230	...	...	37.3	...	...
2 persons	9,745	...	...	39.4	...	...
3 persons	2,760	...	...	11.2	...	...
4 persons	2,050	...	...	8.3	...	...
5 or more persons	940	...	...	3.8	...	...
Number of persons in private households	50,315	25,415	24,900	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	45,015	22,440	22,580	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	25,540	12,770	12,765	56.7	56.9	56.5
Married	13,405	6,700	6,700	29.8	29.9	29.7
Living common-law	12,135	6,070	6,065	27.0	27.0	26.9
Living common law - Never married	9,470	4,745	4,725	21.0	21.1	20.9
Living common law - Separated	115	50	60	0.3	0.2	0.3
Living common law - Divorced	2,185	1,115	1,070	4.9	5.0	4.7
Living common law - Widowed	360	155	210	0.8	0.7	0.9
Not married and not living common-law	19,480	9,670	9,810	43.3	43.1	43.4
Not married and not living common law - Never married	12,360	7,125	5,235	27.5	31.8	23.2
Not married and not living common law - Separated	505	240	260	1.1	1.1	1.2
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	3,365	1,470	1,895	7.5	6.6	8.4
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	3,250	830	2,420	7.2	3.7	10.7
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	14,880	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	9,585	...	...	64.4	...	...
3 persons	2,605	...	...	17.5	...	...
4 persons	1,945	...	...	13.1	...	...
5 or more persons	745	...	...	5.0	...	...
Average size of census families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.7	...	...	1.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	14,880	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	12,600	...	...	84.7	...	...
Married couples	6,535	...	...	43.9	...	...
With children⁶	1,680	...	...	11.3	...	...
Without children	4,855	...	...	32.6	...	...
Common-law couples	6,065	...	...	40.8	...	...
With children⁶	2,820	...	...	19.0	...	...
Without children	3,250	...	...	21.8	...	...
Total one-parent families	2,280	...	...	15.3	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	1,610	...	...	10.8	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	675	...	...	4.5	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	50,315	25,415	24,900	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	38,780	19,425	19,355	77.1	76.4	77.7
Married spouses or common-law partners	25,195	12,600	12,590	50.1	49.6	50.6
Parents in one-parent families	2,285	675	1,610	4.5	2.7	6.5
Children⁶	11,300	6,150	5,150	22.5	24.2	20.7
In a two-parent family	7,975	4,320	3,655	15.9	17.0	14.7
In a one-parent family	3,325	1,830	1,490	6.6	7.2	6.0
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	11,535	5,990	5,545	22.9	23.6	22.3
Living alone	9,230	4,765	4,465	18.3	18.7	17.9
Living with other relatives⁷	975	465	515	1.9	1.8	2.1
Living with non-relatives only	1,325	760	565	2.6	3.0	2.3
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	24,725	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	14,060	...	...	56.9	...	...
Couple-family households	12,055	...	...	48.8	...	...
With children⁶	4,270	...	...	17.3	...	...
Without children	7,785	...	...	31.5	...	...
One-parent-family households	2,000	...	...	8.1	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	255	...	...	1.0	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	45	...	...	0.2	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	400	...	...	1.6	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	750	...	...	3.0	...	...
One-person households	9,230	...	...	37.3	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	43,490	21,840	21,650	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	42,730	21,500	21,230	98.3	98.4	98.1
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,600	43,600	31,400	37,600	43,600	31,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	42,735	21,500	21,235	98.3	98.4	98.1
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,000	38,800	29,000	34,000	38,800	29,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	36,900	19,210	17,685	84.8	88.0	81.7
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	30,000	37,200	23,400	30,000	37,200	23,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	26,950	14,550	12,395	62.0	66.6	57.3
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,200	42,400	29,000	35,200	42,400	29,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	36,365	17,480	18,885	83.6	80.0	87.2
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	13,200	13,200	13,200	13,200	13,200	13,200
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,990	2,790	2,195	11.5	12.8	10.1
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,480	5,520	5,480	5,480	5,520	5,480
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	10,220	5,400	4,825	23.5	24.7	22.3
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,500	6,000	7,500	6,500	6,000	7,500
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	43,485	21,880	21,605	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	42,695	21,505	21,190	98.2	98.3	98.1
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	45,600	52,850	38,280	45,600	52,850	38,280
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	42,695	21,505	21,190	98.2	98.3	98.1
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,160	43,000	33,240	38,160	43,000	33,240
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	36,695	19,120	17,575	84.4	87.4	81.3
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,920	47,760	31,360	39,920	47,760	31,360
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	26,945	14,475	12,470	62.0	66.2	57.7
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,160	49,640	35,640	43,160	49,640	35,640
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	36,270	17,365	18,905	83.4	79.4	87.5
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	13,320	12,880	13,720	13,320	12,880	13,720
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,960	2,755	2,200	11.4	12.6	10.2
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,690	6,375	7,090	6,690	6,375	7,090
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	10,210	5,390	4,815	23.5	24.6	22.3
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,850	7,510	8,230	7,850	7,510	8,230
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	43,490	21,880	21,610	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	12,945	7,400	5,550	29.8	33.8	25.7
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	56,400	65,000	48,800	56,400	65,000	48,800
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	63,700	70,300	54,850	63,700	70,300	54,850
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	10,595	5,125	5,465	24.4	23.4	25.3
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	19,400	24,800	16,600	19,400	24,800	16,600
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	27,720	33,840	21,980	27,720	33,840	21,980
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	75.2	80.4	68.0	75.2	80.4	68.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	59.7	63.2	54.8	59.7	63.2	54.8
Government transfers (%)²⁰	24.8	19.7	32.0	24.8	19.7	32.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.7	1.6	1.9	1.7	1.6	1.9
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.0	4.2	6.2	5.0	4.2	6.2
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.1	3.6	4.9	4.1	3.6	4.9
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	43,485	21,840	21,650	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	755	340	415	1.7	1.6	1.9
With total income	42,735	21,495	21,235	98.3	98.4	98.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,780	1,040	1,740	6.5	4.8	8.2
$10,000 to $19,999	6,030	2,180	3,850	14.1	10.1	18.1
$20,000 to $29,999	7,940	3,425	4,510	18.6	15.9	21.2
$30,000 to $39,999	6,095	2,960	3,130	14.3	13.8	14.7
$40,000 to $49,999	5,470	2,820	2,650	12.8	13.1	12.5
$50,000 to $59,999	3,975	2,180	1,795	9.3	10.1	8.5
$60,000 to $69,999	2,775	1,650	1,125	6.5	7.7	5.3
$70,000 to $79,999	2,035	1,245	785	4.8	5.8	3.7
$80,000 to $89,999	1,720	1,115	600	4.0	5.2	2.8
$90,000 to $99,999	1,175	815	355	2.7	3.8	1.7
$100,000 and over	2,745	2,055	695	6.4	9.6	3.3
$100,000 to $149,999	2,205	1,655	555	5.2	7.7	2.6
$150,000 and over	545	405	135	1.3	1.9	0.6
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	43,485	21,840	21,650	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	755	340	410	1.7	1.6	1.9
With after-tax income	42,735	21,495	21,235	98.3	98.4	98.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	3,010	1,095	1,915	7.0	5.1	9.0
$10,000 to $19,999	6,275	2,310	3,965	14.7	10.7	18.7
$20,000 to $29,999	9,155	3,985	5,165	21.4	18.5	24.3
$30,000 to $39,999	7,585	3,885	3,700	17.7	18.1	17.4
$40,000 to $49,999	6,025	3,285	2,735	14.1	15.3	12.9
$50,000 to $59,999	3,810	2,285	1,530	8.9	10.6	7.2
$60,000 to $69,999	2,710	1,700	1,005	6.3	7.9	4.7
$70,000 to $79,999	1,795	1,210	580	4.2	5.6	2.7
$80,000 to $89,999	965	695	275	2.3	3.2	1.3
$90,000 to $99,999	600	450	145	1.4	2.1	0.7
$100,000 and over	815	595	220	1.9	2.8	1.0
$100,000 to $124,999	505	360	145	1.2	1.7	0.7
$125,000 and over	315	240	75	0.7	1.1	0.4
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	43,485	21,840	21,650	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	16,540	7,290	9,250	38.0	33.4	42.7
With employment income	26,950	14,555	12,395	62.0	66.6	57.3
Under $5,000 (including loss)	3,795	2,110	1,685	14.1	14.5	13.6
$5,000 to $9,999	2,050	895	1,155	7.6	6.1	9.3
$10,000 to $19,999	3,250	1,380	1,870	12.1	9.5	15.1
$20,000 to $29,999	2,835	1,190	1,640	10.5	8.2	13.2
$30,000 to $39,999	2,850	1,365	1,485	10.6	9.4	12.0
$40,000 to $49,999	2,680	1,355	1,325	9.9	9.3	10.7
$50,000 to $59,999	2,155	1,230	925	8.0	8.5	7.5
$60,000 to $69,999	1,695	1,025	670	6.3	7.0	5.4
$70,000 to $79,999	1,320	855	465	4.9	5.9	3.8
$80,000 to $89,999	1,325	880	450	4.9	6.0	3.6
$90,000 to $99,999	850	635	215	3.2	4.4	1.7
$100,000 and over	2,135	1,635	500	7.9	11.2	4.0
$100,000 to $124,999	1,250	940	310	4.6	6.5	2.5
$125,000 and over	890	695	195	3.3	4.8	1.6
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	43,490	21,840	21,650	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	42,240	21,240	21,000	97.1	97.3	97.0
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,800	42,400	27,800	34,800	42,400	27,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	42,265	21,240	21,030	97.2	97.3	97.1
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	31,600	37,600	25,800	31,600	37,600	25,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	36,420	19,025	17,390	83.7	87.1	80.3
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	31,000	38,400	24,400	31,000	38,400	24,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	27,220	14,685	12,535	62.6	67.2	57.9
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,200	43,200	28,800	35,200	43,200	28,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	33,575	15,910	17,665	77.2	72.8	81.6
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,300	9,900	10,700	10,300	9,900	10,700
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	4,770	2,730	2,035	11.0	12.5	9.4
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,680	4,760	4,560	4,680	4,760	4,560
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	43,485	21,880	21,605	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	42,230	21,265	20,965	97.1	97.2	97.0
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	43,800	52,500	34,960	43,800	52,500	34,960
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	42,255	21,265	20,990	97.2	97.2	97.2
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,480	42,600	30,280	36,480	42,600	30,280
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	36,280	18,985	17,290	83.4	86.8	80.0
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,960	50,080	31,000	40,960	50,080	31,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	27,050	14,505	12,550	62.2	66.3	58.1
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	43,960	52,100	34,560	43,960	52,100	34,560
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	33,335	15,755	17,575	76.7	72.0	81.3
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,900	10,550	11,220	10,900	10,550	11,220
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	4,825	2,790	2,035	11.1	12.8	9.4
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,245	5,735	6,950	6,245	5,735	6,950
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	43,490	21,880	21,610	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	12,870	7,345	5,520	29.6	33.6	25.5
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	53,200	63,600	44,000	53,200	63,600	44,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	61,800	70,900	49,680	61,800	70,900	49,680
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	9,980	4,845	5,135	22.9	22.1	23.8
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	23,200	30,600	20,000	23,200	30,600	20,000
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	32,560	40,280	25,240	32,560	40,280	25,240
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	80.4	85.2	73.2	80.4	85.2	73.2
Employment income (%)	64.2	67.6	59.2	64.2	67.6	59.2
Government transfers (%)	19.6	14.9	26.9	19.6	14.9	26.9
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.6	1.4	1.9	1.6	1.4	1.9
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	24,725	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	63,600	...	...	63,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	56,400	...	...	56,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	9,230	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	34,000	...	...	34,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	31,200	...	...	31,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	15,495	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	86,000	...	...	86,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	75,000	...	...	75,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	24,725	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	78,800	...	...	78,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	65,900	...	...	65,900	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	9,225	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	42,520	...	...	42,520	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	36,160	...	...	36,160	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	15,500	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	100,300	...	...	100,300	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	83,600	...	...	83,600	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	24,725	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	115	...	...	0.5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	170	...	...	0.7	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	415	...	...	1.7	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	710	...	...	2.9	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,920	...	...	7.8	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,125	...	...	4.6	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,100	...	...	4.4	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,300	...	...	5.3	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,325	...	...	5.4	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,270	...	...	5.1	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,155	...	...	8.7	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,925	...	...	7.8	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,730	...	...	7.0	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,565	...	...	6.3	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,300	...	...	5.3	...	...
$100,000 and over	6,600	...	...	26.7	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,360	...	...	9.5	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,630	...	...	6.6	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,690	...	...	6.8	...	...
$200,000 and over	920	...	...	3.7	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	24,725	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	140	...	...	0.6	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	175	...	...	0.7	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	435	...	...	1.8	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	750	...	...	3.0	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,010	...	...	8.1	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,370	...	...	5.5	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,315	...	...	5.3	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,565	...	...	6.3	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,550	...	...	6.3	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,440	...	...	5.8	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,490	...	...	10.1	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,320	...	...	9.4	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,925	...	...	7.8	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,485	...	...	6.0	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,250	...	...	5.1	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,490	...	...	18.2	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,140	...	...	8.7	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,225	...	...	5.0	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,125	...	...	4.6	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	14,990	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	87,000	...	...	87,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	75,000	...	...	75,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	7,835	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	74,500	...	...	74,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	66,000	...	...	66,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	4,525	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	129,000	...	...	129,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	107,000	...	...	107,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.8	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	2,215	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	64,000	...	...	64,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	57,600	...	...	57,600	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.5	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	10,560	5,525	5,030	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	33,200	37,600	29,600	33,200	37,600	29,600
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	30,400	33,600	28,000	30,400	33,600	28,000
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	14,975	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	100,700	...	...	100,700	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	83,700	...	...	83,700	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	7,850	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	87,000	...	...	87,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	72,700	...	...	72,700	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	4,570	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	139,600	...	...	139,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	113,800	...	...	113,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,170	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	70,200	...	...	70,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	61,400	...	...	61,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	10,570	5,605	4,965	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	41,520	45,760	36,720	41,520	45,760	36,720
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	35,440	38,120	32,400	35,440	38,120	32,400
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	50,315	25,415	24,900	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	8,155	4,280	3,875	16.2	16.8	15.6
0 to 5 years	2,565	1,335	1,225	5.1	5.3	4.9
18 to 64 years	28,470	14,475	14,000	56.6	57.0	56.2
65 years and over	13,690	6,660	7,025	27.2	26.2	28.2
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	7,045	3,310	3,730	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	845	455	385	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	280	155	130	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	3,325	1,680	1,645	...	...	...
65 years and over	2,875	1,175	1,705	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	14.0	13.0	15.0	14.0	13.0	15.0
0 to 17 years (%)	10.3	10.7	10.0	10.3	10.7	10.0
0 to 5 years (%)	11.0	11.4	10.6	11.0	11.4	10.6
18 to 64 years (%)	11.7	11.6	11.7	11.7	11.6	11.7
65 years and over (%)	21.0	17.6	24.2	21.0	17.6	24.2
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	50,315	25,415	24,900	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	8,155	4,280	3,870	16.2	16.8	15.5
0 to 5 years	2,565	1,340	1,225	5.1	5.3	4.9
18 to 64 years	28,475	14,475	14,000	56.6	57.0	56.2
65 years and over	13,685	6,660	7,030	27.2	26.2	28.2
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	2,005	1,070	930	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	205	115	85	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	65	40	25	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	1,615	880	735	...	...	...
65 years and over	185	75	110	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	4.0	4.2	3.7	4.0	4.2	3.7
0 to 17 years (%)	2.5	2.8	2.2	2.5	2.8	2.2
0 to 5 years (%)	2.5	3.0	2.0	2.5	3.0	2.0
18 to 64 years (%)	5.7	6.1	5.3	5.7	6.1	5.3
65 years and over (%)	1.3	1.1	1.6	1.3	1.1	1.6
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	50,315	25,415	24,900	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	30,785	15,180	15,600	61.2	59.7	62.7
In bottom decile	5,805	2,755	3,050	11.5	10.8	12.2
In second decile	6,685	3,185	3,500	13.3	12.5	14.1
In third decile	6,555	3,195	3,360	13.0	12.6	13.5
In fourth decile	6,065	3,105	2,960	12.1	12.2	11.9
In fifth decile	5,665	2,940	2,730	11.3	11.6	11.0
In top half of the distribution	19,530	10,235	9,295	38.8	40.3	37.3
In sixth decile	5,135	2,665	2,470	10.2	10.5	9.9
In seventh decile	4,895	2,560	2,335	9.7	10.1	9.4
In eighth decile	4,215	2,200	2,010	8.4	8.7	8.1
In ninth decile	3,300	1,750	1,555	6.6	6.9	6.2
In top decile	1,985	1,055	930	3.9	4.2	3.7
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	50,315	...	...	50,315	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.304	...	...	0.304	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.458	...	...	0.458	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.260	...	...	0.260	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.3	...	...	3.3	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	51,190	25,640	25,545	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	120	65	55	0.2	0.3	0.2
French only	36,755	17,520	19,235	71.8	68.3	75.3
English and French	14,240	8,015	6,230	27.8	31.3	24.4
Neither English nor French	70	40	30	0.1	0.2	0.1
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	51,190	25,640	25,545	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	625	330	300	1.2	1.3	1.2
French	50,300	25,170	25,130	98.3	98.2	98.4
English and French	195	105	90	0.4	0.4	0.4
Neither English nor French	65	40	25	0.1	0.2	0.1
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	51,190	25,640	25,545	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	50,705	25,395	25,310	99.1	99.0	99.1
Official languages	49,900	24,970	24,930	97.5	97.4	97.6
English	550	285	265	1.1	1.1	1.0
French	49,350	24,685	24,670	96.4	96.3	96.6
Non-official languages	805	420	380	1.6	1.6	1.5
Indigenous languages³⁹	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	795	420	380	1.6	1.6	1.5
Afro-Asiatic languages	120	75	40	0.2	0.3	0.2
Berber languages	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	95	60	30	0.2	0.2	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	95	60	30	0.2	0.2	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	30	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Haitian Creole	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	480	250	230	0.9	1.0	0.9
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	65	35	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	60	35	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	30	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	10	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	45	15	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	40	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
German	35	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	350	185	165	0.7	0.7	0.6
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	40	30	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Portuguese	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	260	125	130	0.5	0.5	0.5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	25	15	15	0.0	0.1	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	30	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages	30	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Lao	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	485	245	235	0.9	1.0	0.9
English and French	350	175	170	0.7	0.7	0.7
English and non-official language(s)	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	95	50	50	0.2	0.2	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	51,190	25,640	25,545	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	225	115	115	0.4	0.4	0.5
French	48,800	24,385	24,415	95.3	95.1	95.6
Non-official language	175	110	70	0.3	0.4	0.3
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	175	110	70	0.3	0.4	0.3
English and French	1,330	720	610	2.6	2.8	2.4
English and non-official language(s)	25	15	15	0.0	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	410	205	210	0.8	0.8	0.8
English, French and non-official language(s)	225	105	115	0.4	0.4	0.5
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	51,190	25,640	25,545	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	50,710	25,400	25,305	99.1	99.1	99.1
Official languages	50,395	25,235	25,160	98.4	98.4	98.5
English	405	200	205	0.8	0.8	0.8
French	49,995	25,040	24,955	97.7	97.7	97.7
Non-official languages	310	165	145	0.6	0.6	0.6
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	310	165	145	0.6	0.6	0.6
Afro-Asiatic languages	45	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Berber languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	30	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	30	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	185	100	85	0.4	0.4	0.3
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	35	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	35	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	25	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	135	70	65	0.3	0.3	0.3
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	120	65	50	0.2	0.3	0.2
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	480	240	240	0.9	0.9	0.9
English and French	295	145	150	0.6	0.6	0.6
English and non-official language(s)	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	140	75	75	0.3	0.3	0.3
English, French and non-official language(s)	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	51,190	25,640	25,545	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	49,615	24,815	24,800	96.9	96.8	97.1
English	930	515	415	1.8	2.0	1.6
French	260	125	130	0.5	0.5	0.5
Non-official language	215	105	115	0.4	0.4	0.5
Indigenous³⁹	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	215	105	115	0.4	0.4	0.5
English and French	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	110	55	55	0.2	0.2	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	50,315	25,415	24,900	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	50,265	25,385	24,885	99.9	99.9	99.9
English	14,415	8,160	6,250	28.6	32.1	25.1
French	50,190	25,350	24,840	99.8	99.7	99.8
Non-official languages	2,020	995	1,030	4.0	3.9	4.1
Indigenous languages³⁹	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	2,015	990	1,020	4.0	3.9	4.1
Afro-Asiatic languages	175	100	75	0.3	0.4	0.3
Berber languages	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kabyle	25	15	15	0.0	0.1	0.1
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	140	80	65	0.3	0.3	0.3
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	140	80	60	0.3	0.3	0.2
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	40	25	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	20	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Merina	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	140	65	75	0.3	0.3	0.3
Haitian Creole	125	65	60	0.2	0.3	0.2
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,460	720	740	2.9	2.8	3.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	80	55	25	0.2	0.2	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	80	55	25	0.2	0.2	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Russian	60	40	25	0.1	0.2	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	30	20	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	120	65	55	0.2	0.3	0.2
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	110	60	50	0.2	0.2	0.2
German	110	60	50	0.2	0.2	0.2
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	40	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	25	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	25	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,240	595	650	2.5	2.3	2.6
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	155	90	65	0.3	0.4	0.3
Portuguese	75	40	35	0.1	0.2	0.1
Romanian	25	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Spanish	1,050	495	555	2.1	1.9	2.2
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	50	30	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	75	35	45	0.1	0.1	0.2
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	20	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	60	15	45	0.1	0.1	0.2
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	55	15	40	0.1	0.1	0.2
Sign languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	50	20	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages	50	20	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	25	20	15	0.0	0.1	0.1
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	30	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Lao	25	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	50,315	25,415	24,900	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	780	405	375	1.6	1.6	1.5
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	710	375	335	1.4	1.5	1.3
First Nations (North American Indian)	420	220	200	0.8	0.9	0.8
Métis	245	140	105	0.5	0.6	0.4
Inuk (Inuit)	35	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	55	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-Indigenous identity	49,535	25,015	24,525	98.4	98.4	98.5
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	50,315	25,415	24,900	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	215	120	95	0.4	0.5	0.4
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	50,095	25,295	24,800	99.6	99.5	99.6
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	24,725	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	16,135	...	...	65.3	...	...
Renter	8,590	...	...	34.7	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	24,725	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	1,290	...	...	5.2	...	...
Not condominium	23,435	...	...	94.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	24,725	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	65	...	...	0.3	...	...
1 bedroom	3,145	...	...	12.7	...	...
2 bedrooms	8,520	...	...	34.5	...	...
3 bedrooms	8,840	...	...	35.8	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	4,155	...	...	16.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	24,725	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	7,620	...	...	30.8	...	...
5 rooms	4,810	...	...	19.5	...	...
6 rooms	3,365	...	...	13.6	...	...
7 rooms	3,000	...	...	12.1	...	...
8 or more rooms	5,935	...	...	24.0	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.0	...	...	6.0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	24,725	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	24,695	...	...	99.9	...	...
More than one person per room	30	...	...	0.1	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	24,725	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	24,360	...	...	98.5	...	...
Not suitable	360	...	...	1.5	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	24,725	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	6,975	...	...	28.2	...	...
1961 to 1980	9,335	...	...	37.8	...	...
1981 to 1990	2,990	...	...	12.1	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,610	...	...	6.5	...	...
2001 to 2005	730	...	...	3.0	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,120	...	...	4.5	...	...
2011 to 2015	980	...	...	4.0	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	990	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	24,725	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	23,165	...	...	93.7	...	...
Major repairs needed	1,555	...	...	6.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	24,725	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	15,180	...	...	61.4	...	...
Two-maintainer household	9,270	...	...	37.5	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	270	...	...	1.1	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	24,725	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	530	...	...	2.1	...	...
25 to 34 years	2,720	...	...	11.0	...	...
35 to 44 years	3,505	...	...	14.2	...	...
45 to 54 years	3,430	...	...	13.9	...	...
55 to 64 years	5,525	...	...	22.3	...	...
65 to 74 years	5,370	...	...	21.7	...	...
75 to 84 years	2,860	...	...	11.6	...	...
85 years and over	790	...	...	3.2	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	24,600	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	21,545	...	...	87.6	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	3,060	...	...	12.4	...	...
30% to less than 100%	2,915	...	...	11.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	24,725	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	4,620	...	...	18.7	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	2,735	...	...	11.1	...	...
Not suitable only	315	...	...	1.3	...	...
Major repairs needed only	1,210	...	...	4.9	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	10	...	...	0.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	315	...	...	1.3	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	40	...	...	0.2	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	20,105	...	...	81.3	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	24,460	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	795	...	...	3.3	...	...
Not in core need	23,665	...	...	96.7	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	16,045	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	55.0	...	...	55.0	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	6.8	...	...	6.8	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.8	...	...	0.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	790	...	...	790	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	892	...	...	892	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	220,000	...	...	220,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	249,600	...	...	249,600	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	8,575	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	7.5	...	...	7.5	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	23.0	...	...	23.0	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	7.8	...	...	7.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	628	...	...	628	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	657	...	...	657	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	50,315	25,415	24,900	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	680	380	295	1.4	1.5	1.2
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	675	380	295	1.3	1.5	1.2
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	640	365	275	1.3	1.4	1.1
Métis single ancestry	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Inuit single ancestry	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	1,100	530	570	2.2	2.1	2.3
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	1,090	525	565	2.2	2.1	2.3
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	970	455	510	1.9	1.8	2.0
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	110	70	40	0.2	0.3	0.2
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	48,535	24,505	24,030	96.5	96.4	96.5
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	50,315	25,415	24,900	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	49,790	25,160	24,635	99.0	99.0	98.9
Canadian citizens aged under 18	8,150	4,215	3,935	16.2	16.6	15.8
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	41,640	20,945	20,700	82.8	82.4	83.1
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	525	260	270	1.0	1.0	1.1
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	50,315	25,415	24,900	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	48,870	24,690	24,180	97.1	97.1	97.1
Immigrants⁸¹	1,230	600	630	2.4	2.4	2.5
Before 1980	350	200	145	0.7	0.8	0.6
1980 to 1990	140	60	85	0.3	0.2	0.3
1991 to 2000	155	80	80	0.3	0.3	0.3
2001 to 2010	270	100	175	0.5	0.4	0.7
2011 to 2021⁸²	315	160	160	0.6	0.6	0.6
2011 to 2015	170	85	90	0.3	0.3	0.4
2016 to 2021	145	75	70	0.3	0.3	0.3
Non-permanent residents⁸³	210	130	85	0.4	0.5	0.3
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	1,230	595	630	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	150	85	65	12.2	14.3	10.3
5 to 14 years	230	110	115	18.7	18.5	18.3
15 to 24 years	255	140	120	20.7	23.5	19.0
25 to 44 years	500	230	275	40.7	38.7	43.7
45 years and over	90	35	55	7.3	5.9	8.7
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	1,230	595	630	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	340	160	175	27.6	26.9	27.8
Brazil	20	10	10	1.6	1.7	1.6
Colombia	20	0	10	1.6	0.0	1.6
El Salvador	15	0	10	1.2	0.0	1.6
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	75	45	30	6.1	7.6	4.8
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	20	10	15	1.6	1.7	2.4
Peru	35	15	15	2.8	2.5	2.4
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	55	20	35	4.5	3.4	5.6
Other places of birth in Americas	95	55	40	7.7	9.2	6.3
Europe	450	215	230	36.6	36.1	36.5
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	250	120	125	20.3	20.2	19.8
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	20	20	0	1.6	3.4	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portugal	15	10	0	1.2	1.7	0.0
Romania	30	0	25	2.4	0.0	4.0
Russian Federation	10	0	10	0.8	0.0	1.6
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	10	0	0	0.8	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	100	40	55	8.1	6.7	8.7
Africa	265	140	125	21.5	23.5	19.8
Algeria	30	25	10	2.4	4.2	1.6
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	15	10	0	1.2	1.7	0.0
Egypt	25	10	10	2.0	1.7	1.6
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	30	15	15	2.4	2.5	2.4
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	170	85	90	13.8	14.3	14.3
Asia	175	85	95	14.2	14.3	15.1
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	45	30	15	3.7	5.0	2.4
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	25	10	15	2.0	1.7	2.4
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	15	0	10	1.2	0.0	1.6
Viet Nam	20	10	10	1.6	1.7	1.6
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	55	20	30	4.5	3.4	4.8
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	145	75	75	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	30	25	0	20.7	33.3	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	10	10	0	6.9	13.3	0.0
Europe	30	10	25	20.7	13.3	33.3
France	30	10	20	20.7	13.3	26.7
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	45	20	25	31.0	26.7	33.3
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	25	15	15	17.2	20.0	20.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	0	0	6.9	0.0	0.0
Asia	35	20	15	24.1	26.7	20.0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	10	0	0	6.9	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	10	0	0	6.9	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	50,315	25,415	24,900	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	1,570	775	795	3.1	3.0	3.2
Second generation¹⁰¹	1,635	900	735	3.2	3.5	3.0
Third generation or more¹⁰²	47,110	23,735	23,375	93.6	93.4	93.9
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	885	395	485	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	405	220	190	45.8	55.7	39.2
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	175	115	60	19.8	29.1	12.4
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	230	105	130	26.0	26.6	26.8
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	360	135	225	40.7	34.2	46.4
Refugees¹⁰⁸	100	40	60	11.3	10.1	12.4
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	15	0	15	1.7	0.0	3.1
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	885	395	485	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	75	40	45	8.5	10.1	9.3
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	70	25	40	7.9	6.3	8.2
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	25	0	15	2.8	0.0	3.1
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	30	10	25	3.4	2.5	5.2
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	20	0	15	2.3	0.0	3.1
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	665	315	350	75.1	79.7	72.2
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	50,315	25,415	24,900	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	1,095	535	555	2.2	2.1	2.2
South Asian	35	25	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Chinese	60	15	40	0.1	0.1	0.2
Black	515	270	240	1.0	1.1	1.0
Filipino	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arab	95	50	50	0.2	0.2	0.2
Latin American	225	110	115	0.4	0.4	0.5
Southeast Asian	75	35	40	0.1	0.1	0.2
West Asian	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	30	10	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Multiple visible minorities	20	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	49,225	24,875	24,345	97.8	97.9	97.8
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	50,315	25,415	24,900	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	22,130	11,010	11,120	44.0	43.3	44.7
English	470	265	205	0.9	1.0	0.8
Irish	1,500	775	730	3.0	3.0	2.9
Scottish	495	245	250	1.0	1.0	1.0
French, n.o.s.¹²²	10,975	5,620	5,355	21.8	22.1	21.5
German	680	370	310	1.4	1.5	1.2
Chinese	65	15	50	0.1	0.1	0.2
Italian	685	335	355	1.4	1.3	1.4
Indian (India)	145	80	60	0.3	0.3	0.2
Ukrainian	65	20	40	0.1	0.1	0.2
Dutch	60	30	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Polish	75	25	45	0.1	0.1	0.2
Québécois	8,020	4,065	3,955	15.9	16.0	15.9
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	55	35	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Filipino	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French Canadian	4,700	2,345	2,355	9.3	9.2	9.5
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	1,105	600	505	2.2	2.4	2.0
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	675	355	320	1.3	1.4	1.3
Métis	145	80	60	0.3	0.3	0.2
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	455	240	215	0.9	0.9	0.9
Russian	60	20	40	0.1	0.1	0.2
Norwegian	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Welsh	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Portuguese	105	45	60	0.2	0.2	0.2
American	280	165	115	0.6	0.6	0.5
Spanish	270	130	140	0.5	0.5	0.6
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	35	10	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Acadian	300	145	155	0.6	0.6	0.6
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	55	20	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Jewish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	40	30	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Greek	30	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Jamaican	20	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	30	10	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Lebanese	130	70	60	0.3	0.3	0.2
Iranian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	715	415	300	1.4	1.6	1.2
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	185	90	100	0.4	0.4	0.4
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belgian	240	105	135	0.5	0.4	0.5
Haitian	225	130	95	0.4	0.5	0.4
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	80	45	35	0.2	0.2	0.1
Mennonite	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	80	40	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	75	25	50	0.1	0.1	0.2
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	30	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	45	10	35	0.1	0.0	0.1
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombian	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moroccan	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syrian	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	20	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	35	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Brazilian	15	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	25	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	100	40	60	0.2	0.2	0.2
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	40	30	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Congolese	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	30	10	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
New Brunswicker	25	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	25	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	65	40	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	110	40	70	0.2	0.2	0.3
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	25	0	25	0.0	0.0	0.1
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	55	35	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	245	155	95	0.5	0.6	0.4
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	90	50	45	0.2	0.2	0.2
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	70	35	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	50	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Norman	60	15	45	0.1	0.1	0.2
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	35	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	25	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	30	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	60	40	25	0.1	0.2	0.1
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	40	25	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	50,315	25,415	24,900	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	70	15	50	0.1	0.1	0.2
Christian	37,930	18,730	19,195	75.4	73.7	77.1
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	2,025	1,015	1,010	4.0	4.0	4.1
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baptist	90	50	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
Catholic	35,310	17,455	17,860	70.2	68.7	71.7
Christian Orthodox	110	45	65	0.2	0.2	0.3
Jehovah's Witness	90	30	60	0.2	0.1	0.2
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lutheran	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	55	30	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	170	85	85	0.3	0.3	0.3
Hindu	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	180	85	90	0.4	0.3	0.4
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	40	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
No religion and secular perspectives	12,085	6,550	5,535	24.0	25.8	22.2
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	49,925	25,225	24,705	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	44,850	22,720	22,130	89.8	90.1	89.6
Movers	5,080	2,505	2,575	10.2	9.9	10.4
Non-migrants	2,550	1,215	1,330	5.1	4.8	5.4
Migrants	2,535	1,290	1,245	5.1	5.1	5.0
Internal migrants	2,490	1,260	1,230	5.0	5.0	5.0
Intraprovincial migrants	2,430	1,230	1,200	4.9	4.9	4.9
Interprovincial migrants	55	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
External migrants	45	35	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	48,240	24,370	23,870	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	31,590	16,015	15,575	65.5	65.7	65.2
Movers	16,655	8,355	8,295	34.5	34.3	34.8
Non-migrants	6,395	3,230	3,160	13.3	13.3	13.2
Migrants	10,260	5,125	5,135	21.3	21.0	21.5
Internal migrants	9,955	4,945	5,010	20.6	20.3	21.0
Intraprovincial migrants	9,795	4,845	4,950	20.3	19.9	20.7
Interprovincial migrants	160	100	60	0.3	0.4	0.3
External migrants	305	180	125	0.6	0.7	0.5
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	43,490	21,880	21,610	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	11,655	6,480	5,180	26.8	29.6	24.0
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	31,835	15,405	16,430	73.2	70.4	76.0
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	25,505	13,025	12,480	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	5,205	3,165	2,035	20.4	24.3	16.3
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	20,295	9,855	10,445	79.6	75.7	83.7
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	43,485	21,880	21,605	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	10,345	5,505	4,835	23.8	25.2	22.4
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	10,055	4,745	5,315	23.1	21.7	24.6
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	23,090	11,630	11,460	53.1	53.2	53.0
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	18,630	9,690	8,940	42.8	44.3	41.4
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	9,495	5,895	3,600	21.8	26.9	16.7
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	6,950	3,905	3,040	16.0	17.8	14.1
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	2,540	1,985	560	5.8	9.1	2.6
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	7,695	3,300	4,400	17.7	15.1	20.4
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,440	500	940	3.3	2.3	4.4
Bachelor's degree or higher	4,460	1,940	2,520	10.3	8.9	11.7
Bachelor's degree	3,175	1,340	1,840	7.3	6.1	8.5
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	435	160	275	1.0	0.7	1.3
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	115	65	50	0.3	0.3	0.2
Master's degree	635	310	325	1.5	1.4	1.5
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	100	70	25	0.2	0.3	0.1
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	25,505	13,025	12,480	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	4,370	2,600	1,765	17.1	20.0	14.1
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	4,770	2,515	2,250	18.7	19.3	18.0
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	16,365	7,900	8,460	64.2	60.7	67.8
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	13,115	6,615	6,500	51.4	50.8	52.1
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	6,950	4,095	2,850	27.2	31.4	22.8
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	5,135	2,720	2,420	20.1	20.9	19.4
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	1,810	1,380	435	7.1	10.6	3.5
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	5,300	2,250	3,055	20.8	17.3	24.5
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	865	270	595	3.4	2.1	4.8
Bachelor's degree or higher	3,250	1,290	1,960	12.7	9.9	15.7
Bachelor's degree	2,315	895	1,420	9.1	6.9	11.4
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	305	95	215	1.2	0.7	1.7
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	95	40	55	0.4	0.3	0.4
Master's degree	475	230	245	1.9	1.8	2.0
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	60	40	25	0.2	0.3	0.2
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	43,485	21,880	21,605	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	20,400	10,250	10,150	46.9	46.8	47.0
Education	1,680	375	1,305	3.9	1.7	6.0
13. Education	1,680	375	1,305	3.9	1.7	6.0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	535	225	305	1.2	1.0	1.4
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	75	50	30	0.2	0.2	0.1
50. Visual and performing arts	455	180	275	1.0	0.8	1.3
Humanities	875	300	575	2.0	1.4	2.7
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	45	15	35	0.1	0.1	0.2
23. English language and literature/letters	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	615	210	405	1.4	1.0	1.9
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	25	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	40	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
54. History	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	95	25	70	0.2	0.1	0.3
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,390	335	1,060	3.2	1.5	4.9
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	135	50	80	0.3	0.2	0.4
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	500	10	490	1.1	0.0	2.3
22. Legal professions and studies	205	65	135	0.5	0.3	0.6
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	70	30	45	0.2	0.1	0.2
42. Psychology	215	45	170	0.5	0.2	0.8
45. Social sciences	265	135	130	0.6	0.6	0.6
Business, management and public administration	4,605	1,185	3,420	10.6	5.4	15.8
30.16 Accounting and computer science	15	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	205	40	165	0.5	0.2	0.8
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	4,385	1,135	3,250	10.1	5.2	15.0
Physical and life sciences and technologies	650	420	225	1.5	1.9	1.0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	120	35	85	0.3	0.2	0.4
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	65	45	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	85	40	45	0.2	0.2	0.2
40. Physical sciences	270	210	65	0.6	1.0	0.3
41. Science technologies/technicians	110	95	10	0.3	0.4	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	470	290	185	1.1	1.3	0.9
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	385	250	135	0.9	1.1	0.6
25. Library science	40	0	35	0.1	0.0	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	40	30	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	7,095	6,655	440	16.3	30.4	2.0
04. Architecture and related services	70	35	30	0.2	0.2	0.1
14. Engineering	505	455	50	1.2	2.1	0.2
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	1,560	1,445	115	3.6	6.6	0.5
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	1,545	1,475	70	3.6	6.7	0.3
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,720	1,650	70	4.0	7.5	0.3
48. Precision production	1,705	1,590	115	3.9	7.3	0.5
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	435	235	200	1.0	1.1	0.9
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	365	180	185	0.8	0.8	0.9
03. Natural resources and conservation	70	50	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Health and related fields	3,245	515	2,730	7.5	2.4	12.6
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	130	75	60	0.3	0.3	0.3
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	3,075	410	2,660	7.1	1.9	12.3
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	30	25	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,100	1,095	1,010	4.8	5.0	4.7
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	1,090	265	830	2.5	1.2	3.8
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	440	335	105	1.0	1.5	0.5
49. Transportation and materials moving	565	495	70	1.3	2.3	0.3
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	25,505	13,030	12,480	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	9,140	5,125	4,020	35.8	39.3	32.2
Education	1,035	185	850	4.1	1.4	6.8
13. Education	1,035	185	850	4.1	1.4	6.8
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	430	170	265	1.7	1.3	2.1
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	60	40	25	0.2	0.3	0.2
50. Visual and performing arts	370	130	235	1.5	1.0	1.9
Humanities	540	165	370	2.1	1.3	3.0
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	30	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.2
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	400	135	270	1.6	1.0	2.2
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
54. History	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	65	15	50	0.3	0.1	0.4
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,085	220	860	4.3	1.7	6.9
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	90	35	55	0.4	0.3	0.4
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	440	0	435	1.7	0.0	3.5
22. Legal professions and studies	145	35	110	0.6	0.3	0.9
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	40	15	30	0.2	0.1	0.2
42. Psychology	170	30	140	0.7	0.2	1.1
45. Social sciences	190	100	95	0.7	0.8	0.8
Business, management and public administration	3,205	770	2,435	12.6	5.9	19.5
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	165	35	130	0.6	0.3	1.0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,030	735	2,300	11.9	5.6	18.4
Physical and life sciences and technologies	425	275	150	1.7	2.1	1.2
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	90	20	65	0.4	0.2	0.5
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	40	25	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	190	140	50	0.7	1.1	0.4
41. Science technologies/technicians	90	85	10	0.4	0.7	0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	375	230	145	1.5	1.8	1.2
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	320	215	105	1.3	1.7	0.8
25. Library science	35	0	35	0.1	0.0	0.3
27. Mathematics and statistics	20	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	4,910	4,510	395	19.3	34.6	3.2
04. Architecture and related services	50	30	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
14. Engineering	390	340	50	1.5	2.6	0.4
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	1,105	1,005	95	4.3	7.7	0.8
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	1,075	1,005	70	4.2	7.7	0.6
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,215	1,160	60	4.8	8.9	0.5
48. Precision production	1,075	970	100	4.2	7.4	0.8
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	350	200	150	1.4	1.5	1.2
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	295	155	140	1.2	1.2	1.1
03. Natural resources and conservation	55	50	10	0.2	0.4	0.1
Health and related fields	2,365	335	2,030	9.3	2.6	16.3
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	95	45	55	0.4	0.3	0.4
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	2,240	270	1,965	8.8	2.1	15.7
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,640	835	805	6.4	6.4	6.5
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	840	180	660	3.3	1.4	5.3
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	330	245	85	1.3	1.9	0.7
49. Transportation and materials moving	465	405	60	1.8	3.1	0.5
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	25,505	13,030	12,480	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	9,140	5,125	4,020	35.8	39.3	32.2
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	16,370	7,905	8,465	64.2	60.7	67.8
Location of study inside Canada	16,040	7,755	8,285	62.9	59.5	66.4
Same as province or territory of residence	15,960	7,725	8,235	62.6	59.3	66.0
Different than province or territory of residence	85	25	55	0.3	0.2	0.4
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	325	150	175	1.3	1.2	1.4
Americas	70	30	40	0.3	0.2	0.3
United States of America	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Europe	165	85	85	0.6	0.7	0.7
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	110	55	55	0.4	0.4	0.4
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Russian Federation	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Ukraine	25	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	55	30	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Morocco	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	35	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Asia	30	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	43,485	21,880	21,605	...	...	...
In the labour force	24,030	12,755	11,275	...	...	...
Employed	22,315	11,810	10,500	...	...	...
Unemployed	1,715	945	770	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	19,455	9,125	10,335	...	...	...
Participation rate	55.3	58.3	52.2	55.3	58.3	52.2
Employment rate	51.3	54.0	48.6	51.3	54.0	48.6
Unemployment rate	7.1	7.4	6.8	7.1	7.4	6.8
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	43,485	21,880	21,605	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	19,320	8,975	10,340	44.4	41.0	47.9
Worked	24,170	12,910	11,260	55.6	59.0	52.1
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	13,225	7,585	5,640	30.4	34.7	26.1
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	10,945	5,325	5,620	25.2	24.3	26.0
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.1	42.5	41.5	42.1	42.5	41.5
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	24,030	12,755	11,275	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	640	330	310	2.7	2.6	2.7
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	23,390	12,425	10,965	97.3	97.4	97.3
Employee	20,930	10,995	9,935	87.1	86.2	88.1
Permanent position	17,930	9,550	8,375	74.6	74.9	74.3
Temporary position	3,000	1,440	1,555	12.5	11.3	13.8
Fixed term (1 year or more)	845	360	485	3.5	2.8	4.3
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	2,150	1,080	1,070	8.9	8.5	9.5
Self-employed¹⁹²	2,460	1,430	1,030	10.2	11.2	9.1
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	24,030	12,755	11,275	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	640	330	310	2.7	2.6	2.7
All occupations¹⁹¹	23,390	12,425	10,965	97.3	97.4	97.3
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	375	250	120	1.6	2.0	1.1
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,980	805	2,175	12.4	6.3	19.3
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,185	920	270	4.9	7.2	2.4
3 Health occupations	2,190	250	1,940	9.1	2.0	17.2
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	2,520	550	1,970	10.5	4.3	17.5
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	400	155	250	1.7	1.2	2.2
6 Sales and service occupations	5,700	2,325	3,375	23.7	18.2	29.9
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	5,470	5,040	430	22.8	39.5	3.8
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	650	540	105	2.7	4.2	0.9
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,920	1,585	335	8.0	12.4	3.0
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	24,030	12,755	11,275	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	640	330	310	2.7	2.6	2.7
All industries¹⁹¹	23,390	12,425	10,965	97.3	97.4	97.3
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	505	355	155	2.1	2.8	1.4
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	235	190	50	1.0	1.5	0.4
22 Utilities	220	160	65	0.9	1.3	0.6
23 Construction	1,910	1,630	280	7.9	12.8	2.5
31-33 Manufacturing	4,245	3,510	735	17.7	27.5	6.5
41 Wholesale trade	730	540	195	3.0	4.2	1.7
44-45 Retail trade	2,900	1,315	1,585	12.1	10.3	14.1
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,115	880	240	4.6	6.9	2.1
51 Information and cultural industries	180	115	70	0.7	0.9	0.6
52 Finance and insurance	575	160	415	2.4	1.3	3.7
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	175	110	65	0.7	0.9	0.6
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	840	395	445	3.5	3.1	3.9
55 Management of companies and enterprises	25	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	885	545	335	3.7	4.3	3.0
61 Educational services	1,370	325	1,050	5.7	2.5	9.3
62 Health care and social assistance	3,880	580	3,300	16.1	4.5	29.3
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	245	110	135	1.0	0.9	1.2
72 Accommodation and food services	1,245	470	780	5.2	3.7	6.9
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,195	540	650	5.0	4.2	5.8
91 Public administration	910	490	425	3.8	3.8	3.8
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	25,595	13,580	12,020	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	175	120	60	0.7	0.9	0.5
French	23,110	12,035	11,075	90.3	88.6	92.1
Non-official language	15	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	15	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
English and French	2,190	1,375	810	8.6	10.1	6.7
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	40	15	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	65	20	45	0.3	0.1	0.4
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	25,595	13,580	12,020	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	25,320	13,430	11,895	98.9	98.9	99.0
Official languages	25,305	13,415	11,885	98.9	98.8	98.9
English	360	235	130	1.4	1.7	1.1
French	24,940	13,180	11,760	97.4	97.1	97.8
Non-official languages	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	270	145	125	1.1	1.1	1.0
English and French	265	145	120	1.0	1.1	1.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	25,595	13,580	12,020	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	23,565	12,300	11,265	92.1	90.6	93.7
English	1,740	1,120	615	6.8	8.2	5.1
French	185	115	70	0.7	0.8	0.6
Non-official language	45	20	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	45	20	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	50	10	40	0.2	0.1	0.3
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	22,315	11,815	10,500	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	2,525	1,200	1,325	11.3	10.2	12.6
Worked outside Canada	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
No fixed workplace address	2,270	1,680	590	10.2	14.2	5.6
Usual place of work	17,500	8,915	8,580	78.4	75.5	81.7
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	17,500	8,920	8,580	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	8,660	3,880	4,780	49.5	43.5	55.7
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	3,780	1,915	1,860	21.6	21.5	21.7
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	5,045	3,110	1,935	28.8	34.9	22.6
Commute to a different province or territory	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	19,770	10,600	9,170	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	18,175	9,780	8,395	91.9	92.3	91.5
Car, truck or van - as a driver	17,370	9,380	7,990	87.9	88.5	87.1
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	805	400	400	4.1	3.8	4.4
Public transit	180	90	90	0.9	0.8	1.0
Walked	955	465	490	4.8	4.4	5.3
Bicycle	170	120	45	0.9	1.1	0.5
Other method	290	140	150	1.5	1.3	1.6
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	19,770	10,600	9,170	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	9,775	4,665	5,110	49.4	44.0	55.7
15 to 29 minutes	5,050	2,680	2,370	25.5	25.3	25.8
30 to 44 minutes	1,810	1,130	675	9.2	10.7	7.4
45 to 59 minutes	1,675	1,100	570	8.5	10.4	6.2
60 minutes and over	1,470	1,020	445	7.4	9.6	4.9
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	19,770	10,600	9,170	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,635	1,235	400	8.3	11.7	4.4
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	3,880	2,715	1,165	19.6	25.6	12.7
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	6,150	3,280	2,870	31.1	30.9	31.3
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	3,560	1,305	2,255	18.0	12.3	24.6
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,605	485	1,120	8.1	4.6	12.2
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	2,945	1,585	1,360	14.9	15.0	14.8
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	8,305	4,365	3,940	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	540	285	255	6.5	6.5	6.5
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	7,765	4,070	3,690	93.5	93.2	93.7
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	6,065	3,195	2,870	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	380	200	185	6.3	6.3	6.4
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	265	140	125	4.4	4.4	4.4
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	120	60	60	2.0	1.9	2.1
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	5,680	2,995	2,685	93.7	93.7	93.6

Symbol legend

...
not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 18, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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