Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Papineau, Municipalité régionale de comté (MRC)More information: Quebec [Census division]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	24,308	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	22,832	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	6.5	...	...	6.5	...	...
Total private dwellings²	16,059	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	11,504	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	8.4	...	...	8.4	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	2,903.45	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	24,310	12,445	11,865	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	3,230	1,670	1,560	13.3	13.4	13.1
0 to 4 years	960	490	470	3.9	3.9	4.0
5 to 9 years	1,140	585	555	4.7	4.7	4.7
10 to 14 years	1,135	595	540	4.7	4.8	4.6
15 to 64 years	14,390	7,285	7,110	59.2	58.5	59.9
15 to 19 years	900	475	430	3.7	3.8	3.6
20 to 24 years	850	435	420	3.5	3.5	3.5
25 to 29 years	985	465	520	4.1	3.7	4.4
30 to 34 years	1,270	655	615	5.2	5.3	5.2
35 to 39 years	1,220	620	605	5.0	5.0	5.1
40 to 44 years	1,160	570	590	4.8	4.6	5.0
45 to 49 years	1,255	655	595	5.2	5.3	5.0
50 to 54 years	1,625	795	830	6.7	6.4	7.0
55 to 59 years	2,385	1,215	1,170	9.8	9.8	9.9
60 to 64 years	2,735	1,405	1,335	11.3	11.3	11.3
65 years and over	6,690	3,495	3,200	27.5	28.1	27.0
65 to 69 years	2,355	1,265	1,085	9.7	10.2	9.1
70 to 74 years	1,935	1,045	895	8.0	8.4	7.5
75 to 79 years	1,255	655	600	5.2	5.3	5.1
80 to 84 years	650	310	340	2.7	2.5	2.9
85 years and over	500	225	280	2.1	1.8	2.4
85 to 89 years	305	150	155	1.3	1.2	1.3
90 to 94 years	165	65	100	0.7	0.5	0.8
95 to 99 years	30	5	30	0.1	0.0	0.3
100 years and over	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	13.3	13.4	13.1	13.3	13.4	13.1
15 to 64 years	59.2	58.5	59.9	59.2	58.5	59.9
65 years and over	27.5	28.1	27.0	27.5	28.1	27.0
85 years and over	2.1	1.8	2.4	2.1	1.8	2.4
Average age of the population	48.2	48.2	48.1	48.2	48.2	48.1
Median age of the population	54.0	54.4	53.6	54.0	54.4	53.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	11,505	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	9,390	...	...	81.6	...	...
Semi-detached house	515	...	...	4.5	...	...
Row house	60	...	...	0.5	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	480	...	...	4.2	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	935	...	...	8.1	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	10	...	...	0.1	...	...
Other single-attached house	50	...	...	0.4	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	70	...	...	0.6	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	11,505	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	4,055	...	...	35.2	...	...
2 persons	4,720	...	...	41.0	...	...
3 persons	1,220	...	...	10.6	...	...
4 persons	955	...	...	8.3	...	...
5 or more persons	550	...	...	4.8	...	...
Number of persons in private households	23,985	12,290	11,695	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.1	...	...	2.1	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	21,080	10,775	10,305	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	12,635	6,345	6,290	59.9	58.9	61.0
Married	7,270	3,655	3,615	34.5	33.9	35.1
Living common-law	5,365	2,690	2,675	25.5	25.0	26.0
Living common law - Never married	3,965	1,975	1,995	18.8	18.3	19.4
Living common law - Separated	95	45	55	0.5	0.4	0.5
Living common law - Divorced	1,140	610	535	5.4	5.7	5.2
Living common law - Widowed	160	55	100	0.8	0.5	1.0
Not married and not living common-law	8,445	4,430	4,010	40.1	41.1	38.9
Not married and not living common law - Never married	5,025	2,935	2,085	23.8	27.2	20.2
Not married and not living common law - Separated	335	170	160	1.6	1.6	1.6
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	1,685	915	770	8.0	8.5	7.5
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	1,405	415	990	6.7	3.9	9.6
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	7,205	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	4,765	...	...	66.1	...	...
3 persons	1,160	...	...	16.1	...	...
4 persons	880	...	...	12.2	...	...
5 or more persons	400	...	...	5.6	...	...
Average size of census families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.7	...	...	1.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	7,210	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	6,215	...	...	86.2	...	...
Married couples	3,530	...	...	49.0	...	...
With children⁶	850	...	...	11.8	...	...
Without children	2,680	...	...	37.2	...	...
Common-law couples	2,680	...	...	37.2	...	...
With children⁶	1,210	...	...	16.8	...	...
Without children	1,475	...	...	20.5	...	...
Total one-parent families	995	...	...	13.8	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	705	...	...	9.8	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	285	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	23,985	12,290	11,695	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	18,665	9,350	9,315	77.8	76.1	79.6
Married spouses or common-law partners	12,430	6,225	6,205	51.8	50.7	53.1
Parents in one-parent families	995	290	710	4.1	2.4	6.1
Children⁶	5,240	2,835	2,405	21.8	23.1	20.6
In a two-parent family	3,720	1,990	1,730	15.5	16.2	14.8
In a one-parent family	1,525	850	675	6.4	6.9	5.8
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	5,320	2,940	2,380	22.2	23.9	20.4
Living alone	4,060	2,285	1,770	16.9	18.6	15.1
Living with other relatives⁷	530	255	275	2.2	2.1	2.4
Living with non-relatives only	735	395	335	3.1	3.2	2.9
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	11,505	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	6,590	...	...	57.3	...	...
Couple-family households	5,775	...	...	50.2	...	...
With children⁶	1,885	...	...	16.4	...	...
Without children	3,890	...	...	33.8	...	...
One-parent-family households	815	...	...	7.1	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	175	...	...	1.5	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	50	...	...	0.4	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	260	...	...	2.3	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	370	...	...	3.2	...	...
One-person households	4,060	...	...	35.3	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	20,760	10,625	10,135	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	20,410	10,460	9,950	98.3	98.4	98.2
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,400	39,600	33,200	36,400	39,600	33,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	20,415	10,460	9,955	98.3	98.4	98.2
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	32,800	35,200	30,200	32,800	35,200	30,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	17,595	9,195	8,400	84.8	86.5	82.9
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	28,400	32,000	24,400	28,400	32,000	24,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	12,885	6,920	5,965	62.1	65.1	58.9
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	29,800	31,800	27,600	29,800	31,800	27,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	17,715	8,960	8,755	85.3	84.3	86.4
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	13,600	13,800	13,500	13,600	13,800	13,500
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,765	1,630	1,130	13.3	15.3	11.1
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,520	5,760	5,480	5,520	5,760	5,480
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	5,180	2,835	2,350	25.0	26.7	23.2
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,000	6,000	8,000	7,000	6,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	20,790	10,620	10,175	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	20,430	10,480	9,950	98.3	98.7	97.8
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,600	46,520	38,480	42,600	46,520	38,480
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	20,430	10,480	9,950	98.3	98.7	97.8
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,120	38,840	33,280	36,120	38,840	33,280
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	17,485	9,135	8,350	84.1	86.0	82.1
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,920	40,320	31,120	35,920	40,320	31,120
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	12,915	6,915	6,005	62.1	65.1	59.0
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,960	40,160	33,320	36,960	40,160	33,320
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	17,855	9,040	8,815	85.9	85.1	86.6
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	13,560	13,160	13,980	13,560	13,160	13,980
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,840	1,595	1,240	13.7	15.0	12.2
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,830	7,070	6,520	6,830	7,070	6,520
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	5,335	2,855	2,475	25.7	26.9	24.3
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,940	7,440	8,520	7,940	7,440	8,520
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	20,790	10,620	10,175	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	5,490	2,975	2,515	26.4	28.0	24.7
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	49,600	52,800	46,000	49,600	52,800	46,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	56,150	59,900	51,750	56,150	59,900	51,750
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	5,540	2,810	2,730	26.6	26.5	26.8
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	19,000	22,600	15,700	19,000	22,600	15,700
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	26,760	30,800	22,600	26,760	30,800	22,600
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	72.2	75.6	67.8	72.2	75.6	67.8
Employment income (%)¹⁹	54.9	57.0	52.2	54.9	57.0	52.2
Government transfers (%)²⁰	27.8	24.4	32.2	27.8	24.4	32.2
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.2	2.3	2.1	2.2	2.3	2.1
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.8	5.1	6.7	5.8	5.1	6.7
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.9	4.4	5.5	4.9	4.4	5.5
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	20,760	10,625	10,135	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	350	165	185	1.7	1.6	1.8
With total income	20,410	10,460	9,950	98.3	98.4	98.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,420	590	830	7.0	5.6	8.3
$10,000 to $19,999	2,890	1,230	1,655	14.2	11.8	16.6
$20,000 to $29,999	3,920	1,920	1,995	19.2	18.4	20.1
$30,000 to $39,999	3,070	1,520	1,550	15.0	14.5	15.6
$40,000 to $49,999	2,845	1,500	1,350	13.9	14.3	13.6
$50,000 to $59,999	1,970	1,090	875	9.7	10.4	8.8
$60,000 to $69,999	1,370	775	600	6.7	7.4	6.0
$70,000 to $79,999	940	580	360	4.6	5.5	3.6
$80,000 to $89,999	660	380	280	3.2	3.6	2.8
$90,000 to $99,999	390	235	155	1.9	2.2	1.6
$100,000 and over	935	640	295	4.6	6.1	3.0
$100,000 to $149,999	725	490	235	3.6	4.7	2.4
$150,000 and over	210	150	60	1.0	1.4	0.6
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	20,760	10,625	10,135	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	345	160	180	1.7	1.5	1.8
With after-tax income	20,420	10,465	9,955	98.4	98.5	98.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,560	625	935	7.6	6.0	9.4
$10,000 to $19,999	3,050	1,335	1,715	14.9	12.8	17.2
$20,000 to $29,999	4,515	2,220	2,295	22.1	21.2	23.1
$30,000 to $39,999	3,795	1,980	1,810	18.6	18.9	18.2
$40,000 to $49,999	3,060	1,670	1,390	15.0	16.0	14.0
$50,000 to $59,999	1,900	1,080	815	9.3	10.3	8.2
$60,000 to $69,999	1,095	620	475	5.4	5.9	4.8
$70,000 to $79,999	610	380	230	3.0	3.6	2.3
$80,000 to $89,999	360	225	140	1.8	2.2	1.4
$90,000 to $99,999	185	120	60	0.9	1.1	0.6
$100,000 and over	295	210	85	1.4	2.0	0.9
$100,000 to $124,999	155	110	50	0.8	1.1	0.5
$125,000 and over	140	100	40	0.7	1.0	0.4
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	20,760	10,625	10,135	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	7,875	3,705	4,175	37.9	34.9	41.2
With employment income	12,880	6,920	5,960	62.0	65.1	58.8
Under $5,000 (including loss)	2,015	1,125	890	15.6	16.3	14.9
$5,000 to $9,999	1,185	555	625	9.2	8.0	10.5
$10,000 to $19,999	1,765	875	885	13.7	12.6	14.8
$20,000 to $29,999	1,525	750	770	11.8	10.8	12.9
$30,000 to $39,999	1,535	785	755	11.9	11.3	12.7
$40,000 to $49,999	1,320	665	655	10.2	9.6	11.0
$50,000 to $59,999	960	545	415	7.5	7.9	7.0
$60,000 to $69,999	745	470	275	5.8	6.8	4.6
$70,000 to $79,999	545	340	210	4.2	4.9	3.5
$80,000 to $89,999	430	240	185	3.3	3.5	3.1
$90,000 to $99,999	235	150	85	1.8	2.2	1.4
$100,000 and over	625	420	200	4.9	6.1	3.4
$100,000 to $124,999	350	240	110	2.7	3.5	1.8
$125,000 and over	270	185	90	2.1	2.7	1.5
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	20,760	10,625	10,135	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	20,145	10,335	9,810	97.0	97.3	96.8
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,400	38,800	30,200	34,400	38,800	30,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	20,170	10,340	9,830	97.2	97.3	97.0
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	31,000	34,400	27,600	31,000	34,400	27,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	17,360	9,075	8,285	83.6	85.4	81.7
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	30,200	35,200	25,600	30,200	35,200	25,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	13,125	7,020	6,105	63.2	66.1	60.2
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	31,000	34,800	27,600	31,000	34,800	27,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	16,365	8,195	8,165	78.8	77.1	80.6
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,400	9,900	10,800	10,400	9,900	10,800
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	2,565	1,480	1,085	12.4	13.9	10.7
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,080	5,160	4,880	5,080	5,160	4,880
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	20,790	10,620	10,175	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	20,195	10,355	9,835	97.1	97.5	96.7
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,200	46,080	36,040	41,200	46,080	36,040
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	20,205	10,355	9,850	97.2	97.5	96.8
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,760	38,200	31,120	34,760	38,200	31,120
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	17,275	8,995	8,280	83.1	84.7	81.4
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	37,720	43,360	31,600	37,720	43,360	31,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	13,195	7,000	6,195	63.5	65.9	60.9
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,480	43,160	33,240	38,480	43,160	33,240
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	16,460	8,210	8,250	79.2	77.3	81.1
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,940	10,620	11,260	10,940	10,620	11,260
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,620	1,455	1,165	12.6	13.7	11.4
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,290	5,830	6,860	6,290	5,830	6,860
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	20,790	10,620	10,175	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	5,445	2,925	2,515	26.2	27.5	24.7
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	48,000	53,200	42,400	48,000	53,200	42,400
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	54,750	59,850	48,840	54,750	59,850	48,840
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	5,300	2,685	2,615	25.5	25.3	25.7
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	24,800	30,200	20,800	24,800	30,200	20,800
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	32,120	38,040	26,040	32,120	38,040	26,040
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	78.4	81.8	73.8	78.4	81.8	73.8
Employment income (%)	61.1	63.3	58.0	61.1	63.3	58.0
Government transfers (%)	21.6	18.3	26.2	21.6	18.3	26.2
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.0	1.8	2.3	2.0	1.8	2.3
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	11,505	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	62,800	...	...	62,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	56,000	...	...	56,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	4,060	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	34,400	...	...	34,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	31,400	...	...	31,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	7,450	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	83,000	...	...	83,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	72,500	...	...	72,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	11,505	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	75,600	...	...	75,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	64,200	...	...	64,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	4,085	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	41,760	...	...	41,760	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	35,480	...	...	35,480	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	7,420	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	94,300	...	...	94,300	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	79,900	...	...	79,900	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	11,505	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	105	...	...	0.9	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	95	...	...	0.8	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	180	...	...	1.6	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	270	...	...	2.3	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	845	...	...	7.3	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	465	...	...	4.0	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	535	...	...	4.7	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	705	...	...	6.1	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	620	...	...	5.4	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	590	...	...	5.1	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,065	...	...	9.3	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	940	...	...	8.2	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	850	...	...	7.4	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	700	...	...	6.1	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	665	...	...	5.8	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,880	...	...	25.0	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,175	...	...	10.2	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	735	...	...	6.4	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	625	...	...	5.4	...	...
$200,000 and over	350	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	11,505	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	115	...	...	1.0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	95	...	...	0.8	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	190	...	...	1.7	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	295	...	...	2.6	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	870	...	...	7.6	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	590	...	...	5.1	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	675	...	...	5.9	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	775	...	...	6.7	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	725	...	...	6.3	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	650	...	...	5.6	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,230	...	...	10.7	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,070	...	...	9.3	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	945	...	...	8.2	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	785	...	...	6.8	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	610	...	...	5.3	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,865	...	...	16.2	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	980	...	...	8.5	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	450	...	...	3.9	...	...
$150,000 and over	435	...	...	3.8	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	7,185	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	83,000	...	...	83,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	72,500	...	...	72,500	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	3,930	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	75,000	...	...	75,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	65,500	...	...	65,500	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	2,085	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	114,000	...	...	114,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	98,000	...	...	98,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	940	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	60,400	...	...	60,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	55,200	...	...	55,200	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	4,790	2,690	2,100	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	33,600	35,600	30,800	33,600	35,600	30,800
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	30,400	32,400	29,000	30,400	32,400	29,000
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	7,155	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	94,700	...	...	94,700	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	80,100	...	...	80,100	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	3,955	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	83,400	...	...	83,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	70,400	...	...	70,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,160	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	124,900	...	...	124,900	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	104,900	...	...	104,900	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	840	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	68,600	...	...	68,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	60,700	...	...	60,700	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	4,785	2,755	2,035	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	40,360	41,560	38,720	40,360	41,560	38,720
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	34,480	35,080	33,640	34,480	35,080	33,640
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	23,985	12,290	11,695	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	3,795	1,950	1,840	15.8	15.9	15.7
0 to 5 years	1,180	595	585	4.9	4.8	5.0
18 to 64 years	13,745	6,945	6,800	57.3	56.5	58.1
65 years and over	6,450	3,390	3,055	26.9	27.6	26.1
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	3,545	1,820	1,725	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	470	245	230	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	160	85	75	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	1,725	920	805	...	...	...
65 years and over	1,355	660	695	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	14.8	14.8	14.8	14.8	14.8	14.8
0 to 17 years (%)	12.4	12.4	12.4	12.4	12.4	12.4
0 to 5 years (%)	13.4	14.2	12.8	13.4	14.2	12.8
18 to 64 years (%)	12.6	13.2	11.9	12.6	13.2	11.9
65 years and over (%)	21.0	19.4	22.6	21.0	19.4	22.6
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	23,985	12,290	11,695	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	3,790	1,950	1,845	15.8	15.9	15.8
0 to 5 years	1,180	595	585	4.9	4.8	5.0
18 to 64 years	13,750	6,945	6,800	57.3	56.5	58.1
65 years and over	6,445	3,390	3,055	26.9	27.6	26.1
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	665	370	295	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	50	30	25	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	15	10	5	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	540	305	235	...	...	...
65 years and over	65	35	35	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.8	3.0	2.5	2.8	3.0	2.5
0 to 17 years (%)	1.4	1.4	1.3	1.4	1.4	1.3
0 to 5 years (%)	1.2	1.2	1.0	1.2	1.2	1.0
18 to 64 years (%)	4.0	4.4	3.5	4.0	4.4	3.5
65 years and over (%)	1.0	1.1	1.0	1.0	1.1	1.0
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	23,985	12,290	11,695	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	15,715	8,000	7,720	65.5	65.1	66.0
In bottom decile	2,975	1,555	1,425	12.4	12.7	12.2
In second decile	3,450	1,690	1,765	14.4	13.8	15.1
In third decile	3,425	1,735	1,690	14.3	14.1	14.5
In fourth decile	3,160	1,660	1,500	13.2	13.5	12.8
In fifth decile	2,710	1,365	1,350	11.3	11.1	11.5
In top half of the distribution	8,270	4,295	3,975	34.5	34.9	34.0
In sixth decile	2,430	1,250	1,180	10.1	10.2	10.1
In seventh decile	2,145	1,110	1,030	8.9	9.0	8.8
In eighth decile	1,675	880	795	7.0	7.2	6.8
In ninth decile	1,330	690	640	5.5	5.6	5.5
In top decile	690	365	325	2.9	3.0	2.8
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	23,985	...	...	23,985	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.296	...	...	0.296	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.462	...	...	0.462	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.256	...	...	0.256	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.2	...	...	3.2	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	24,180	12,375	11,800	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	505	280	225	2.1	2.3	1.9
French only	12,590	6,170	6,420	52.1	49.9	54.4
English and French	11,055	5,915	5,145	45.7	47.8	43.6
Neither English nor French	25	15	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	24,180	12,375	11,800	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	1,475	770	700	6.1	6.2	5.9
French	22,485	11,490	11,000	93.0	92.8	93.2
English and French	200	100	95	0.8	0.8	0.8
Neither English nor French	20	20	5	0.1	0.2	0.0
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	24,180	12,375	11,800	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	23,665	12,120	11,545	97.9	97.9	97.8
Official languages	23,380	11,975	11,400	96.7	96.8	96.6
English	1,320	700	620	5.5	5.7	5.3
French	22,060	11,275	10,780	91.2	91.1	91.4
Non-official languages	285	145	140	1.2	1.2	1.2
Indigenous languages³⁹	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	280	145	140	1.2	1.2	1.2
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	15	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	15	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	210	105	105	0.9	0.8	0.9
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	65	25	40	0.3	0.2	0.3
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	50	20	30	0.2	0.2	0.3
German	50	20	30	0.2	0.2	0.3
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	110	55	50	0.5	0.4	0.4
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	20	15	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Portuguese	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	55	25	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	510	260	255	2.1	2.1	2.2
English and French	455	235	215	1.9	1.9	1.8
English and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	24,180	12,375	11,800	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	1,065	580	485	4.4	4.7	4.1
French	21,320	10,890	10,430	88.2	88.0	88.4
Non-official language	55	35	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	55	35	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
English and French	1,500	760	740	6.2	6.1	6.3
English and non-official language(s)	35	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	100	55	40	0.4	0.4	0.3
English, French and non-official language(s)	95	45	55	0.4	0.4	0.5
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	24,180	12,375	11,800	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	23,755	12,175	11,580	98.2	98.4	98.1
Official languages	23,660	12,125	11,540	97.8	98.0	97.8
English	1,355	720	635	5.6	5.8	5.4
French	22,305	11,400	10,905	92.2	92.1	92.4
Non-official languages	95	55	45	0.4	0.4	0.4
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	95	55	40	0.4	0.4	0.3
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	75	40	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	20	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
German	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	45	25	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	25	20	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Chinese languages	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	425	205	220	1.8	1.7	1.9
English and French	375	185	190	1.6	1.5	1.6
English and non-official language(s)	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	24,175	12,380	11,800	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	22,835	11,695	11,145	94.5	94.5	94.4
English	900	460	440	3.7	3.7	3.7
French	270	135	135	1.1	1.1	1.1
Non-official language	85	50	40	0.4	0.4	0.3
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	85	50	40	0.4	0.4	0.3
English and French	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	23,985	12,270	11,715	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	23,965	12,260	11,710	99.9	99.9	100.0
English	11,590	6,145	5,445	48.3	50.1	46.5
French	23,565	12,085	11,480	98.2	98.5	98.0
Non-official languages	890	445	445	3.7	3.6	3.8
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	885	445	440	3.7	3.6	3.8
Afro-Asiatic languages	60	40	25	0.3	0.3	0.2
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	60	40	25	0.3	0.3	0.2
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	60	40	25	0.3	0.3	0.2
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	30	20	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Haitian Creole	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	745	380	370	3.1	3.1	3.2
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	45	25	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	45	25	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	35	20	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	125	75	50	0.5	0.6	0.4
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	90	40	40	0.4	0.3	0.3
German	85	40	40	0.4	0.3	0.3
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	45	30	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	35	30	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	575	270	305	2.4	2.2	2.6
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	70	35	35	0.3	0.3	0.3
Portuguese	50	30	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	480	215	260	2.0	1.8	2.2
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Chinese languages	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	23,985	12,270	11,715	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	1,045	530	520	4.4	4.3	4.4
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	985	505	485	4.1	4.1	4.1
First Nations (North American Indian)	700	335	370	2.9	2.7	3.2
Métis	280	165	115	1.2	1.3	1.0
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	45	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Non-Indigenous identity	22,935	11,740	11,195	95.6	95.7	95.6
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	23,985	12,270	11,715	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	135	60	75	0.6	0.5	0.6
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	23,855	12,210	11,640	99.5	99.5	99.4
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	11,505	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	8,895	...	...	77.3	...	...
Renter	2,610	...	...	22.7	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	11,505	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	460	...	...	4.0	...	...
Not condominium	11,045	...	...	96.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	11,505	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	20	...	...	0.2	...	...
1 bedroom	1,290	...	...	11.2	...	...
2 bedrooms	3,920	...	...	34.1	...	...
3 bedrooms	4,130	...	...	35.9	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	2,155	...	...	18.7	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	11,505	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	2,825	...	...	24.6	...	...
5 rooms	2,455	...	...	21.3	...	...
6 rooms	1,870	...	...	16.3	...	...
7 rooms	1,610	...	...	14.0	...	...
8 or more rooms	2,745	...	...	23.9	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.1	...	...	6.1	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	11,505	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	11,470	...	...	99.7	...	...
More than one person per room	35	...	...	0.3	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	11,505	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	11,255	...	...	97.8	...	...
Not suitable	250	...	...	2.2	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	11,505	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	3,030	...	...	26.3	...	...
1961 to 1980	3,185	...	...	27.7	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,490	...	...	13.0	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,235	...	...	10.7	...	...
2001 to 2005	545	...	...	4.7	...	...
2006 to 2010	730	...	...	6.3	...	...
2011 to 2015	720	...	...	6.3	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	565	...	...	4.9	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	11,505	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	10,465	...	...	91.0	...	...
Major repairs needed	1,035	...	...	9.0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	11,505	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	6,340	...	...	55.1	...	...
Two-maintainer household	4,940	...	...	42.9	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	230	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	11,505	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	190	...	...	1.7	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,090	...	...	9.5	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,350	...	...	11.7	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,675	...	...	14.6	...	...
55 to 64 years	3,015	...	...	26.2	...	...
65 to 74 years	2,645	...	...	23.0	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,255	...	...	10.9	...	...
85 years and over	280	...	...	2.4	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	11,365	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	9,805	...	...	86.3	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	1,555	...	...	13.7	...	...
30% to less than 100%	1,415	...	...	12.5	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	11,505	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	2,605	...	...	22.6	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	1,345	...	...	11.7	...	...
Not suitable only	205	...	...	1.8	...	...
Major repairs needed only	815	...	...	7.1	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	20	...	...	0.2	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	195	...	...	1.7	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	30	...	...	0.3	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	8,900	...	...	77.4	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	11,225	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	965	...	...	8.6	...	...
Not in core need	10,255	...	...	91.4	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	8,790	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	57.3	...	...	57.3	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	11.9	...	...	11.9	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	6.8	...	...	6.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	765	...	...	765	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	878	...	...	878	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	240,000	...	...	240,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	275,600	...	...	275,600	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,615	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	8.2	...	...	8.2	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	19.8	...	...	19.8	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	14.7	...	...	14.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	650	...	...	650	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	639	...	...	639	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	23,985	12,270	11,715	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	1,035	495	535	4.3	4.0	4.6
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	1,025	495	535	4.3	4.0	4.6
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	955	450	505	4.0	3.7	4.3
Métis single ancestry	75	45	35	0.3	0.4	0.3
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	1,295	590	705	5.4	4.8	6.0
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	1,285	580	705	5.4	4.7	6.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	1,195	535	660	5.0	4.4	5.6
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	90	45	45	0.4	0.4	0.4
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	15	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	21,650	11,180	10,470	90.3	91.1	89.4
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	23,985	12,270	11,715	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	23,830	12,165	11,655	99.4	99.1	99.5
Canadian citizens aged under 18	3,775	1,890	1,880	15.7	15.4	16.0
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	20,050	10,275	9,775	83.6	83.7	83.4
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	160	105	55	0.7	0.9	0.5
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	23,985	12,270	11,715	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	23,465	11,970	11,500	97.8	97.6	98.2
Immigrants⁸¹	460	260	200	1.9	2.1	1.7
Before 1980	170	115	55	0.7	0.9	0.5
1980 to 1990	100	60	40	0.4	0.5	0.3
1991 to 2000	50	20	30	0.2	0.2	0.3
2001 to 2010	80	30	50	0.3	0.2	0.4
2011 to 2021⁸²	55	35	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
2011 to 2015	15	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
2016 to 2021	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-permanent residents⁸³	60	45	20	0.3	0.4	0.2
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	460	260	200	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	40	35	10	8.7	13.5	5.0
5 to 14 years	75	40	35	16.3	15.4	17.5
15 to 24 years	75	45	30	16.3	17.3	15.0
25 to 44 years	235	125	110	51.1	48.1	55.0
45 years and over	30	15	10	6.5	5.8	5.0
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	460	260	200	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	60	35	20	13.0	13.5	10.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	10	10	0	2.2	3.8	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	10	0	0	2.2	0.0	0.0
United States of America	20	10	0	4.3	3.8	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	10	0	10	2.2	0.0	5.0
Europe	265	175	90	57.6	67.3	45.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	95	65	35	20.7	25.0	17.5
Germany	15	0	10	3.3	0.0	5.0
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	20	20	0	4.3	7.7	0.0
Netherlands	10	10	0	2.2	3.8	0.0
Poland	10	0	0	2.2	0.0	0.0
Portugal	10	10	0	2.2	3.8	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	15	10	0	3.3	3.8	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	20	15	0	4.3	5.8	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	65	40	25	14.1	15.4	12.5
Africa	65	25	40	14.1	9.6	20.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	15	0	15	3.3	0.0	7.5
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	10	0	0	2.2	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	25	15	15	5.4	5.8	7.5
Asia	75	25	45	16.3	9.6	22.5
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	10	10	0	2.2	3.8	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	20	0	10	4.3	0.0	5.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	10	0	10	2.2	0.0	5.0
Philippines	20	0	20	4.3	0.0	10.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	35	20	20	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	20	10	0	57.1	50.0	0.0
France	10	0	0	28.6	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	10	10	0	28.6	50.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	23,985	12,270	11,715	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	595	355	240	2.5	2.9	2.0
Second generation¹⁰¹	680	355	325	2.8	2.9	2.8
Third generation or more¹⁰²	22,710	11,560	11,150	94.7	94.2	95.2
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	285	140	145	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	160	80	75	56.1	57.1	51.7
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	70	45	25	24.6	32.1	17.2
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	90	35	55	31.6	25.0	37.9
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	100	55	50	35.1	39.3	34.5
Refugees¹⁰⁸	25	0	20	8.8	0.0	13.8
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	285	140	145	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	10	10	0	3.5	7.1	0.0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	35	20	20	12.3	14.3	13.8
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	10	10	0	3.5	7.1	0.0
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	230	110	120	80.7	78.6	82.8
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	23,985	12,270	11,715	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	260	120	140	1.1	1.0	1.2
South Asian	20	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Chinese	35	10	30	0.1	0.1	0.3
Black	90	50	40	0.4	0.4	0.3
Filipino	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Arab	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Latin American	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Southeast Asian	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	23,725	12,150	11,575	98.9	99.0	98.8
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	23,985	12,270	11,715	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	8,885	4,495	4,390	37.0	36.6	37.5
English	595	320	275	2.5	2.6	2.3
Irish	1,620	760	860	6.8	6.2	7.3
Scottish	635	300	340	2.6	2.4	2.9
French, n.o.s.¹²²	6,410	3,260	3,150	26.7	26.6	26.9
German	535	255	275	2.2	2.1	2.3
Chinese	55	25	30	0.2	0.2	0.3
Italian	265	140	130	1.1	1.1	1.1
Indian (India)	65	45	15	0.3	0.4	0.1
Ukrainian	60	20	35	0.3	0.2	0.3
Dutch	55	35	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
Polish	55	40	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
Québécois	3,600	1,775	1,815	15.0	14.5	15.5
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	105	65	40	0.4	0.5	0.3
Filipino	30	0	30	0.1	0.0	0.3
French Canadian	2,285	1,245	1,040	9.5	10.1	8.9
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	400	235	165	1.7	1.9	1.4
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	960	460	500	4.0	3.7	4.3
Métis	180	105	75	0.8	0.9	0.6
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	160	85	75	0.7	0.7	0.6
Russian	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Norwegian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Welsh	25	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Portuguese	75	35	40	0.3	0.3	0.3
American	55	25	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Spanish	50	25	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Swedish	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hungarian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Acadian	180	105	75	0.8	0.9	0.6
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	35	25	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Jewish	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	65	30	40	0.3	0.2	0.3
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanese	50	30	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	245	135	120	1.0	1.1	1.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	380	175	205	1.6	1.4	1.7
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Belgian	185	105	85	0.8	0.9	0.7
Haitian	35	20	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	30	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mennonite	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	65	40	15	0.3	0.3	0.1
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	60	35	25	0.3	0.3	0.2
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	25	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Colombian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moroccan	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syrian	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	65	35	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	25	20	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Brazilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	15	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Slovak	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	410	165	250	1.7	1.3	2.1
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
New Brunswicker	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	60	45	20	0.3	0.4	0.2
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	65	15	50	0.3	0.1	0.4
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	55	35	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	105	50	55	0.4	0.4	0.5
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	85	20	65	0.4	0.2	0.6
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Norman	55	30	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	23,985	12,270	11,715	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	35	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Christian	17,540	8,780	8,760	73.1	71.6	74.8
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	985	475	510	4.1	3.9	4.4
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	80	45	35	0.3	0.4	0.3
Baptist	150	90	60	0.6	0.7	0.5
Catholic	15,645	7,805	7,840	65.2	63.6	66.9
Christian Orthodox	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jehovah's Witness	80	35	40	0.3	0.3	0.3
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lutheran	70	50	20	0.3	0.4	0.2
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	135	70	60	0.6	0.6	0.5
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	365	185	180	1.5	1.5	1.5
Hindu	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Jewish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	120	50	65	0.5	0.4	0.6
No religion and secular perspectives	6,255	3,400	2,865	26.1	27.7	24.5
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	23,795	12,200	11,600	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	20,990	10,765	10,220	88.2	88.2	88.1
Movers	2,810	1,435	1,375	11.8	11.8	11.9
Non-migrants	800	395	400	3.4	3.2	3.4
Migrants	2,015	1,040	980	8.5	8.5	8.4
Internal migrants	1,985	1,020	965	8.3	8.4	8.3
Intraprovincial migrants	1,830	940	890	7.7	7.7	7.7
Interprovincial migrants	155	80	75	0.7	0.7	0.6
External migrants	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	22,985	11,770	11,215	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	14,040	7,260	6,780	61.1	61.7	60.5
Movers	8,945	4,505	4,435	38.9	38.3	39.5
Non-migrants	1,520	725	795	6.6	6.2	7.1
Migrants	7,425	3,785	3,645	32.3	32.2	32.5
Internal migrants	7,315	3,700	3,615	31.8	31.4	32.2
Intraprovincial migrants	6,920	3,500	3,420	30.1	29.7	30.5
Interprovincial migrants	400	205	190	1.7	1.7	1.7
External migrants	115	80	30	0.5	0.7	0.3
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	20,790	10,620	10,175	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	6,490	3,665	2,830	31.2	34.5	27.8
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	14,295	6,955	7,340	68.8	65.5	72.1
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	12,555	6,315	6,245	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	3,305	1,995	1,310	26.3	31.6	21.0
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	9,250	4,320	4,930	73.7	68.4	78.9
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	20,790	10,620	10,170	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	5,530	3,030	2,495	26.6	28.5	24.5
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	5,130	2,445	2,680	24.7	23.0	26.4
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	10,130	5,135	4,995	48.7	48.4	49.1
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	7,985	4,215	3,770	38.4	39.7	37.1
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	4,365	2,620	1,745	21.0	24.7	17.2
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	3,085	1,615	1,470	14.8	15.2	14.5
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	1,275	1,005	275	6.1	9.5	2.7
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	3,050	1,335	1,715	14.7	12.6	16.9
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	565	255	310	2.7	2.4	3.0
Bachelor's degree or higher	2,145	925	1,215	10.3	8.7	11.9
Bachelor's degree	1,510	595	915	7.3	5.6	9.0
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	170	85	85	0.8	0.8	0.8
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	45	25	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Master's degree	380	185	195	1.8	1.7	1.9
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	45	35	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	12,555	6,315	6,240	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,625	1,570	1,050	20.9	24.9	16.8
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	2,760	1,275	1,490	22.0	20.2	23.9
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	7,175	3,465	3,705	57.1	54.9	59.4
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	5,715	2,930	2,785	45.5	46.4	44.6
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	3,255	1,855	1,400	25.9	29.4	22.4
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	2,355	1,155	1,200	18.8	18.3	19.2
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	900	700	200	7.2	11.1	3.2
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	2,165	945	1,220	17.2	15.0	19.6
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	295	130	165	2.3	2.1	2.6
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,460	535	925	11.6	8.5	14.8
Bachelor's degree	995	315	680	7.9	5.0	10.9
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	115	50	60	0.9	0.8	1.0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Master's degree	280	130	150	2.2	2.1	2.4
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	35	25	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	20,790	10,615	10,170	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	10,660	5,480	5,180	51.3	51.6	50.9
Education	830	215	615	4.0	2.0	6.0
13. Education	830	215	615	4.0	2.0	6.0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	265	115	150	1.3	1.1	1.5
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	40	30	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
50. Visual and performing arts	220	80	140	1.1	0.8	1.4
Humanities	410	165	250	2.0	1.6	2.5
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	65	20	50	0.3	0.2	0.5
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	160	80	80	0.8	0.8	0.8
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
39. Theology and religious vocations	40	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
54. History	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	85	25	60	0.4	0.2	0.6
Social and behavioural sciences and law	760	260	500	3.7	2.4	4.9
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	95	35	55	0.5	0.3	0.5
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	185	25	160	0.9	0.2	1.6
22. Legal professions and studies	135	45	90	0.6	0.4	0.9
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
42. Psychology	105	10	90	0.5	0.1	0.9
45. Social sciences	225	140	85	1.1	1.3	0.8
Business, management and public administration	1,975	575	1,405	9.5	5.4	13.8
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	140	45	100	0.7	0.4	1.0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,830	530	1,305	8.8	5.0	12.8
Physical and life sciences and technologies	205	105	90	1.0	1.0	0.9
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	85	35	45	0.4	0.3	0.4
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	45	35	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	50	25	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
41. Science technologies/technicians	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	270	185	85	1.3	1.7	0.8
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	220	160	60	1.1	1.5	0.6
25. Library science	40	15	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	2,475	2,325	155	11.9	21.9	1.5
04. Architecture and related services	45	40	10	0.2	0.4	0.1
14. Engineering	135	110	25	0.6	1.0	0.2
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	450	385	60	2.2	3.6	0.6
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	805	780	30	3.9	7.3	0.3
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	655	635	15	3.2	6.0	0.1
48. Precision production	380	370	10	1.8	3.5	0.1
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	470	280	195	2.3	2.6	1.9
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	275	115	155	1.3	1.1	1.5
03. Natural resources and conservation	200	160	40	1.0	1.5	0.4
Health and related fields	1,185	195	990	5.7	1.8	9.7
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	65	35	35	0.3	0.3	0.3
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,095	155	940	5.3	1.5	9.2
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,275	715	560	6.1	6.7	5.5
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	645	185	455	3.1	1.7	4.5
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
43. Security and protective services	255	190	60	1.2	1.8	0.6
49. Transportation and materials moving	370	330	40	1.8	3.1	0.4
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	12,555	6,315	6,240	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	5,385	2,850	2,540	42.9	45.1	40.7
Education	490	105	380	3.9	1.7	6.1
13. Education	490	105	380	3.9	1.7	6.1
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	160	50	105	1.3	0.8	1.7
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	140	35	105	1.1	0.6	1.7
Humanities	225	65	160	1.8	1.0	2.6
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	40	15	25	0.3	0.2	0.4
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	75	25	45	0.6	0.4	0.7
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
54. History	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	60	10	55	0.5	0.2	0.9
Social and behavioural sciences and law	545	160	385	4.3	2.5	6.2
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	80	35	45	0.6	0.6	0.7
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	140	10	130	1.1	0.2	2.1
22. Legal professions and studies	105	20	85	0.8	0.3	1.4
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	75	0	70	0.6	0.0	1.1
45. Social sciences	140	90	50	1.1	1.4	0.8
Business, management and public administration	1,475	380	1,095	11.7	6.0	17.5
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	115	20	95	0.9	0.3	1.5
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,360	360	1,000	10.8	5.7	16.0
Physical and life sciences and technologies	145	70	75	1.2	1.1	1.2
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	65	25	45	0.5	0.4	0.7
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	20	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	40	15	20	0.3	0.2	0.3
41. Science technologies/technicians	20	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	205	140	55	1.6	2.2	0.9
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	175	135	40	1.4	2.1	0.6
25. Library science	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,780	1,640	140	14.2	26.0	2.2
04. Architecture and related services	45	30	10	0.4	0.5	0.2
14. Engineering	95	70	20	0.8	1.1	0.3
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	280	220	55	2.2	3.5	0.9
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	595	575	20	4.7	9.1	0.3
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	480	465	20	3.8	7.4	0.3
48. Precision production	285	280	0	2.3	4.4	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	380	215	160	3.0	3.4	2.6
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	200	85	120	1.6	1.3	1.9
03. Natural resources and conservation	175	135	40	1.4	2.1	0.6
Health and related fields	865	140	725	6.9	2.2	11.6
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	40	15	20	0.3	0.2	0.3
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	810	115	685	6.5	1.8	11.0
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Personal, protective and transportation services	915	505	410	7.3	8.0	6.6
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	450	115	335	3.6	1.8	5.4
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
43. Security and protective services	190	150	40	1.5	2.4	0.6
49. Transportation and materials moving	265	225	35	2.1	3.6	0.6
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	12,555	6,315	6,240	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	5,385	2,850	2,540	42.9	45.1	40.7
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	7,170	3,465	3,700	57.1	54.9	59.3
Location of study inside Canada	6,985	3,370	3,615	55.6	53.4	57.9
Same as province or territory of residence	6,065	2,930	3,135	48.3	46.4	50.2
Different than province or territory of residence	920	435	485	7.3	6.9	7.8
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	185	100	85	1.5	1.6	1.4
Americas	55	30	25	0.4	0.5	0.4
United States of America	50	30	20	0.4	0.5	0.3
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	85	45	40	0.7	0.7	0.6
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	55	40	20	0.4	0.6	0.3
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	25	20	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	25	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	20,790	10,620	10,170	...	...	...
In the labour force	11,050	5,825	5,225	...	...	...
Employed	9,885	5,210	4,675	...	...	...
Unemployed	1,165	610	555	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	9,740	4,795	4,945	...	...	...
Participation rate	53.2	54.8	51.4	53.2	54.8	51.4
Employment rate	47.5	49.1	46.0	47.5	49.1	46.0
Unemployment rate	10.5	10.5	10.6	10.5	10.5	10.6
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	20,790	10,615	10,170	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	9,315	4,590	4,720	44.8	43.2	46.4
Worked	11,480	6,025	5,455	55.2	56.8	53.6
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	5,630	3,030	2,595	27.1	28.5	25.5
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	5,850	2,990	2,855	28.1	28.2	28.1
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.5	40.3	40.7	40.5	40.3	40.7
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	11,050	5,820	5,230	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	285	165	125	2.6	2.8	2.4
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	10,765	5,655	5,105	97.4	97.2	97.6
Employee	8,990	4,475	4,515	81.4	76.9	86.3
Permanent position	7,470	3,765	3,710	67.6	64.7	70.9
Temporary position	1,520	715	810	13.8	12.3	15.5
Fixed term (1 year or more)	400	165	235	3.6	2.8	4.5
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	1,120	550	570	10.1	9.5	10.9
Self-employed¹⁹²	1,770	1,180	595	16.0	20.3	11.4
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	11,050	5,820	5,230	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	285	165	125	2.6	2.8	2.4
All occupations¹⁹¹	10,765	5,655	5,105	97.4	97.2	97.6
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	220	160	65	2.0	2.7	1.2
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,520	350	1,165	13.8	6.0	22.3
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	510	390	120	4.6	6.7	2.3
3 Health occupations	770	135	635	7.0	2.3	12.1
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,355	325	1,030	12.3	5.6	19.7
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	175	80	95	1.6	1.4	1.8
6 Sales and service occupations	2,740	1,110	1,630	24.8	19.1	31.2
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,530	2,365	165	22.9	40.6	3.2
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	445	325	115	4.0	5.6	2.2
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	495	415	80	4.5	7.1	1.5
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	11,050	5,820	5,230	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	285	165	125	2.6	2.8	2.4
All industries¹⁹¹	10,765	5,655	5,105	97.4	97.2	97.6
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	375	260	110	3.4	4.5	2.1
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	50	50	0	0.5	0.9	0.0
22 Utilities	40	25	10	0.4	0.4	0.2
23 Construction	1,260	1,125	135	11.4	19.3	2.6
31-33 Manufacturing	875	700	170	7.9	12.0	3.3
41 Wholesale trade	195	165	35	1.8	2.8	0.7
44-45 Retail trade	1,260	565	695	11.4	9.7	13.3
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	470	370	100	4.3	6.4	1.9
51 Information and cultural industries	80	45	35	0.7	0.8	0.7
52 Finance and insurance	245	80	165	2.2	1.4	3.2
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	120	70	55	1.1	1.2	1.1
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	495	245	250	4.5	4.2	4.8
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	570	340	225	5.2	5.8	4.3
61 Educational services	825	205	620	7.5	3.5	11.9
62 Health care and social assistance	1,365	200	1,165	12.4	3.4	22.3
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	225	110	110	2.0	1.9	2.1
72 Accommodation and food services	800	310	490	7.2	5.3	9.4
81 Other services (except public administration)	565	295	275	5.1	5.1	5.3
91 Public administration	930	485	450	8.4	8.3	8.6
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	12,180	6,400	5,775	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	570	355	215	4.7	5.5	3.7
French	8,835	4,610	4,220	72.5	72.0	73.1
Non-official language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	2,760	1,425	1,340	22.7	22.3	23.2
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	12,180	6,400	5,775	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	11,770	6,200	5,570	96.6	96.9	96.5
Official languages	11,770	6,200	5,570	96.6	96.9	96.5
English	1,035	590	445	8.5	9.2	7.7
French	10,735	5,605	5,130	88.1	87.6	88.8
Non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	405	200	205	3.3	3.1	3.5
English and French	405	200	205	3.3	3.1	3.5
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	12,180	6,400	5,775	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	9,810	5,170	4,645	80.5	80.8	80.4
English	1,890	980	905	15.5	15.3	15.7
French	470	240	225	3.9	3.8	3.9
Non-official language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	9,885	5,210	4,675	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	1,645	735	910	16.6	14.1	19.5
Worked outside Canada	15	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
No fixed workplace address	1,575	1,295	280	15.9	24.9	6.0
Usual place of work	6,660	3,170	3,485	67.4	60.8	74.5
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	6,655	3,170	3,485	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,575	670	910	23.7	21.1	26.1
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	2,080	945	1,130	31.3	29.8	32.4
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	2,635	1,350	1,285	39.6	42.6	36.9
Commute to a different province or territory	365	205	160	5.5	6.5	4.6
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	8,230	4,465	3,765	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	7,570	4,140	3,425	92.0	92.7	91.0
Car, truck or van - as a driver	7,175	4,005	3,165	87.2	89.7	84.1
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	395	135	260	4.8	3.0	6.9
Public transit	85	50	35	1.0	1.1	0.9
Walked	405	160	245	4.9	3.6	6.5
Bicycle	30	30	0	0.4	0.7	0.0
Other method	145	85	55	1.8	1.9	1.5
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	8,230	4,465	3,765	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	2,315	1,085	1,230	28.1	24.3	32.7
15 to 29 minutes	2,290	1,060	1,230	27.8	23.7	32.7
30 to 44 minutes	1,680	975	705	20.4	21.8	18.7
45 to 59 minutes	810	530	285	9.8	11.9	7.6
60 minutes and over	1,130	815	315	13.7	18.3	8.4
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	8,230	4,465	3,765	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	960	805	155	11.7	18.0	4.1
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,685	1,120	565	20.5	25.1	15.0
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	2,675	1,250	1,425	32.5	28.0	37.8
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,310	490	815	15.9	11.0	21.6
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	560	215	345	6.8	4.8	9.2
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,045	585	460	12.7	13.1	12.2
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	3,860	1,985	1,870	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	635	345	285	16.5	17.4	15.2
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	3,225	1,640	1,585	83.5	82.6	84.8
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	2,825	1,465	1,360	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	470	260	215	16.6	17.7	15.8
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	315	170	140	11.2	11.6	10.3
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	155	90	65	5.5	6.1	4.8
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,355	1,210	1,150	83.4	82.6	84.6

Symbol legend

...
not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 18, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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