Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Notre Dame--Central Bonavista BayMore information: Newfoundland and Labrador [Economic region]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	104,323	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	108,231	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	- 3.6	...	...	- 3.6	...	...
Total private dwellings²	61,523	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	46,741	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	3.0	...	...	3.0	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	34,876.69	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	104,320	51,080	53,240	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	12,370	6,375	5,995	11.9	12.5	11.3
0 to 4 years	3,335	1,710	1,625	3.2	3.3	3.1
5 to 9 years	4,085	2,125	1,965	3.9	4.2	3.7
10 to 14 years	4,950	2,545	2,400	4.7	5.0	4.5
15 to 64 years	61,835	30,335	31,505	59.3	59.4	59.2
15 to 19 years	4,955	2,600	2,350	4.7	5.1	4.4
20 to 24 years	4,115	2,090	2,020	3.9	4.1	3.8
25 to 29 years	3,760	1,870	1,890	3.6	3.7	3.5
30 to 34 years	4,175	2,020	2,160	4.0	4.0	4.1
35 to 39 years	4,820	2,275	2,545	4.6	4.5	4.8
40 to 44 years	5,590	2,630	2,960	5.4	5.1	5.6
45 to 49 years	6,925	3,315	3,610	6.6	6.5	6.8
50 to 54 years	8,355	4,100	4,250	8.0	8.0	8.0
55 to 59 years	9,235	4,565	4,665	8.9	8.9	8.8
60 to 64 years	9,915	4,865	5,055	9.5	9.5	9.5
65 years and over	30,115	14,370	15,745	28.9	28.1	29.6
65 to 69 years	9,915	4,835	5,080	9.5	9.5	9.5
70 to 74 years	8,520	4,200	4,325	8.2	8.2	8.1
75 to 79 years	5,565	2,680	2,885	5.3	5.2	5.4
80 to 84 years	3,470	1,585	1,885	3.3	3.1	3.5
85 years and over	2,645	1,070	1,575	2.5	2.1	3.0
85 to 89 years	1,765	790	980	1.7	1.5	1.8
90 to 94 years	735	250	480	0.7	0.5	0.9
95 to 99 years	125	25	105	0.1	0.0	0.2
100 years and over	15	5	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	11.9	12.5	11.3	11.9	12.5	11.3
15 to 64 years	59.3	59.4	59.2	59.3	59.4	59.2
65 years and over	28.9	28.1	29.6	28.9	28.1	29.6
85 years and over	2.5	2.1	3.0	2.5	2.1	3.0
Average age of the population	48.8	48.2	49.5	48.8	48.2	49.5
Median age of the population	53.2	52.8	53.6	53.2	52.8	53.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	46,740	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	39,020	...	...	83.5	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,535	...	...	3.3	...	...
Row house	1,695	...	...	3.6	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	2,205	...	...	4.7	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,945	...	...	4.2	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	25	...	...	0.1	...	...
Other single-attached house	65	...	...	0.1	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	250	...	...	0.5	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	46,740	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	12,325	...	...	26.4	...	...
2 persons	21,425	...	...	45.8	...	...
3 persons	6,815	...	...	14.6	...	...
4 persons	4,530	...	...	9.7	...	...
5 or more persons	1,640	...	...	3.5	...	...
Number of persons in private households	102,500	50,450	52,050	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	91,955	44,700	47,250	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	59,650	29,830	29,820	64.9	66.7	63.1
Married	50,150	25,085	25,065	54.5	56.1	53.0
Living common-law	9,500	4,745	4,755	10.3	10.6	10.1
Living common law - Never married	6,630	3,330	3,300	7.2	7.4	7.0
Living common law - Separated	375	185	190	0.4	0.4	0.4
Living common law - Divorced	2,115	1,060	1,050	2.3	2.4	2.2
Living common law - Widowed	380	170	215	0.4	0.4	0.5
Not married and not living common-law	32,305	14,875	17,430	35.1	33.3	36.9
Not married and not living common law - Never married	18,345	10,105	8,240	19.9	22.6	17.4
Not married and not living common law - Separated	1,790	840	950	1.9	1.9	2.0
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	4,600	2,245	2,350	5.0	5.0	5.0
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	7,565	1,680	5,885	8.2	3.8	12.5
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	33,905	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	22,105	...	...	65.2	...	...
3 persons	6,485	...	...	19.1	...	...
4 persons	4,155	...	...	12.3	...	...
5 or more persons	1,160	...	...	3.4	...	...
Average size of census families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.6	...	...	1.6	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	33,905	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	29,420	...	...	86.8	...	...
Married couples	24,675	...	...	72.8	...	...
With children⁶	8,210	...	...	24.2	...	...
Without children	16,465	...	...	48.6	...	...
Common-law couples	4,745	...	...	14.0	...	...
With children⁶	2,030	...	...	6.0	...	...
Without children	2,715	...	...	8.0	...	...
Total one-parent families	4,480	...	...	13.2	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	3,485	...	...	10.3	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	995	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	102,500	50,450	52,050	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	86,330	43,080	43,250	84.2	85.4	83.1
Married spouses or common-law partners	58,845	29,420	29,425	57.4	58.3	56.5
Parents in one-parent families	4,480	995	3,485	4.4	2.0	6.7
Children⁶	23,005	12,665	10,340	22.4	25.1	19.9
In a two-parent family	16,535	9,055	7,480	16.1	17.9	14.4
In a one-parent family	6,465	3,610	2,855	6.3	7.2	5.5
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	16,170	7,370	8,805	15.8	14.6	16.9
Living alone	12,330	5,530	6,800	12.0	11.0	13.1
Living with other relatives⁷	1,790	750	1,040	1.7	1.5	2.0
Living with non-relatives only	2,050	1,090	965	2.0	2.2	1.9
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	46,740	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	31,450	...	...	67.3	...	...
Couple-family households	27,820	...	...	59.5	...	...
With children⁶	9,665	...	...	20.7	...	...
Without children	18,155	...	...	38.8	...	...
One-parent-family households	3,630	...	...	7.8	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	775	...	...	1.7	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	135	...	...	0.3	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	970	...	...	2.1	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	1,080	...	...	2.3	...	...
One-person households	12,325	...	...	26.4	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	90,135	44,070	46,065	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	87,475	42,825	44,650	97.0	97.2	96.9
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	32,000	38,000	27,800	32,000	38,000	27,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	87,510	42,840	44,670	97.1	97.2	97.0
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	29,400	34,000	25,800	29,400	34,000	25,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	67,270	34,555	32,715	74.6	78.4	71.0
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	23,800	29,000	18,800	23,800	29,000	18,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	53,185	27,665	25,520	59.0	62.8	55.4
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	24,400	29,200	20,000	24,400	29,200	20,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	76,765	36,560	40,205	85.2	83.0	87.3
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	15,400	16,800	14,100	15,400	16,800	14,100
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	25,295	14,225	11,070	28.1	32.3	24.0
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,700	12,700	8,200	10,700	12,700	8,200
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	21,755	10,645	11,115	24.1	24.2	24.1
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,500	7,500	8,000	7,500	7,500	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	90,145	44,070	46,075	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	87,555	42,880	44,670	97.1	97.3	97.0
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,840	48,000	33,960	40,840	48,000	33,960
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	87,595	42,900	44,700	97.2	97.3	97.0
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,760	39,920	29,840	34,760	39,920	29,840
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	67,175	34,320	32,855	74.5	77.9	71.3
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,840	42,720	28,640	35,840	42,720	28,640
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	53,200	27,500	25,700	59.0	62.4	55.8
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,600	43,240	29,520	36,600	43,240	29,520
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	76,925	36,625	40,300	85.3	83.1	87.5
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	15,180	16,140	14,300	15,180	16,140	14,300
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	25,305	14,340	10,960	28.1	32.5	23.8
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,480	12,550	10,080	11,480	12,550	10,080
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	21,580	10,495	11,090	23.9	23.8	24.1
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,140	7,970	8,290	8,140	7,970	8,290
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	90,145	44,065	46,080	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	17,515	8,450	9,060	19.4	19.2	19.7
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	53,600	63,200	46,000	53,600	63,200	46,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	64,200	75,700	53,400	64,200	75,700	53,400
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	28,000	14,995	13,000	31.1	34.0	28.2
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	16,200	20,800	13,400	16,200	20,800	13,400
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	25,720	32,320	18,120	25,720	32,320	18,120
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	67.4	71.2	62.0	67.4	71.2	62.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	54.5	57.8	50.0	54.5	57.8	50.0
Government transfers (%)²⁰	32.7	28.8	38.0	32.7	28.8	38.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	8.1	8.7	7.3	8.1	8.7	7.3
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.9	4.8	7.4	5.9	4.8	7.4
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.9	4.1	6.1	4.9	4.1	6.1
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	90,140	44,075	46,065	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	2,665	1,250	1,415	3.0	2.8	3.1
With total income	87,470	42,820	44,655	97.0	97.2	96.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	7,510	2,725	4,780	8.6	6.4	10.7
$10,000 to $19,999	14,870	5,585	9,290	17.0	13.0	20.8
$20,000 to $29,999	18,115	7,850	10,260	20.7	18.3	23.0
$30,000 to $39,999	14,000	6,420	7,580	16.0	15.0	17.0
$40,000 to $49,999	10,505	5,585	4,920	12.0	13.0	11.0
$50,000 to $59,999	6,715	3,995	2,715	7.7	9.3	6.1
$60,000 to $69,999	4,370	2,870	1,500	5.0	6.7	3.4
$70,000 to $79,999	2,990	2,025	965	3.4	4.7	2.2
$80,000 to $89,999	2,010	1,340	675	2.3	3.1	1.5
$90,000 to $99,999	1,880	1,105	780	2.1	2.6	1.7
$100,000 and over	4,500	3,320	1,185	5.1	7.8	2.7
$100,000 to $149,999	3,170	2,235	935	3.6	5.2	2.1
$150,000 and over	1,335	1,085	250	1.5	2.5	0.6
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	90,140	44,075	46,065	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	2,630	1,235	1,395	2.9	2.8	3.0
With after-tax income	87,505	42,835	44,670	97.1	97.2	97.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	7,865	2,815	5,050	9.0	6.6	11.3
$10,000 to $19,999	15,460	5,795	9,665	17.7	13.5	21.6
$20,000 to $29,999	21,510	9,420	12,090	24.6	22.0	27.1
$30,000 to $39,999	15,720	7,865	7,855	18.0	18.4	17.6
$40,000 to $49,999	10,635	6,135	4,500	12.2	14.3	10.1
$50,000 to $59,999	6,105	3,925	2,175	7.0	9.2	4.9
$60,000 to $69,999	3,450	2,275	1,170	3.9	5.3	2.6
$70,000 to $79,999	2,585	1,550	1,030	3.0	3.6	2.3
$80,000 to $89,999	1,495	970	525	1.7	2.3	1.2
$90,000 to $99,999	845	620	225	1.0	1.4	0.5
$100,000 and over	1,845	1,470	375	2.1	3.4	0.8
$100,000 to $124,999	945	750	190	1.1	1.8	0.4
$125,000 and over	905	720	180	1.0	1.7	0.4
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	90,140	44,075	46,065	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	36,955	16,410	20,545	41.0	37.2	44.6
With employment income	53,185	27,665	25,520	59.0	62.8	55.4
Under $5,000 (including loss)	9,225	4,425	4,805	17.3	16.0	18.8
$5,000 to $9,999	5,145	2,140	3,000	9.7	7.7	11.8
$10,000 to $19,999	9,210	4,275	4,935	17.3	15.5	19.3
$20,000 to $29,999	6,830	3,265	3,565	12.8	11.8	14.0
$30,000 to $39,999	5,070	2,480	2,585	9.5	9.0	10.1
$40,000 to $49,999	4,065	2,175	1,890	7.6	7.9	7.4
$50,000 to $59,999	3,065	1,865	1,200	5.8	6.7	4.7
$60,000 to $69,999	2,340	1,505	835	4.4	5.4	3.3
$70,000 to $79,999	1,875	1,250	625	3.5	4.5	2.4
$80,000 to $89,999	1,400	870	525	2.6	3.1	2.1
$90,000 to $99,999	1,480	795	685	2.8	2.9	2.7
$100,000 and over	3,485	2,615	875	6.6	9.5	3.4
$100,000 to $124,999	1,760	1,170	585	3.3	4.2	2.3
$125,000 and over	1,725	1,440	285	3.2	5.2	1.1
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	90,135	44,070	46,065	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	86,230	42,210	44,020	95.7	95.8	95.6
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	30,200	38,400	24,800	30,200	38,400	24,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	86,300	42,210	44,095	95.7	95.8	95.7
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	27,800	34,400	23,400	27,800	34,400	23,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	67,610	34,660	32,945	75.0	78.6	71.5
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	25,600	32,400	20,200	25,600	32,400	20,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	54,605	28,270	26,335	60.6	64.1	57.2
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	26,600	34,400	21,200	26,600	34,400	21,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	71,610	33,700	37,905	79.4	76.5	82.3
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	13,200	15,100	11,700	13,200	15,100	11,700
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	24,620	13,885	10,730	27.3	31.5	23.3
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,900	12,700	9,000	10,900	12,700	9,000
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	90,145	44,070	46,075	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	86,130	42,170	43,960	95.5	95.7	95.4
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,800	49,640	32,320	40,800	49,640	32,320
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	86,170	42,170	44,005	95.6	95.7	95.5
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,280	40,560	28,280	34,280	40,560	28,280
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	67,455	34,530	32,925	74.8	78.4	71.5
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,480	46,920	29,640	38,480	46,920	29,640
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	54,465	28,110	26,355	60.4	63.8	57.2
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,800	48,560	30,480	39,800	48,560	30,480
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	71,520	33,630	37,890	79.3	76.3	82.2
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	12,860	14,100	11,750	12,860	14,100	11,750
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	24,595	13,845	10,750	27.3	31.4	23.3
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	11,470	12,640	9,960	11,470	12,640	9,960
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	90,145	44,065	46,080	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	17,440	8,465	8,970	19.3	19.2	19.5
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	51,200	61,200	42,800	51,200	61,200	42,800
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	63,200	74,700	52,400	63,200	74,700	52,400
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	26,330	14,240	12,090	29.2	32.3	26.2
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	20,600	27,600	15,700	20,600	27,600	15,700
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	33,000	42,560	21,680	33,000	42,560	21,680
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	73.8	77.4	68.6	73.8	77.4	68.6
Employment income (%)	61.7	65.2	56.5	61.7	65.2	56.5
Government transfers (%)	26.2	22.7	31.4	26.2	22.7	31.4
Employment insurance benefits (%)	8.0	8.4	7.5	8.0	8.4	7.5
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	46,740	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	61,600	...	...	61,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	55,600	...	...	55,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	12,325	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	28,600	...	...	28,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	27,200	...	...	27,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	34,415	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	75,500	...	...	75,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	67,500	...	...	67,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	46,740	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	76,500	...	...	76,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	65,200	...	...	65,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	12,320	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	38,520	...	...	38,520	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	33,440	...	...	33,440	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	34,420	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	90,100	...	...	90,100	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	76,500	...	...	76,500	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	46,740	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	195	...	...	0.4	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	375	...	...	0.8	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	955	...	...	2.0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	950	...	...	2.0	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	3,460	...	...	7.4	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	2,025	...	...	4.3	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	3,055	...	...	6.5	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	3,215	...	...	6.9	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,400	...	...	5.1	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,150	...	...	4.6	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	4,020	...	...	8.6	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,715	...	...	7.9	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,380	...	...	7.2	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,910	...	...	6.2	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,555	...	...	5.5	...	...
$100,000 and over	11,395	...	...	24.4	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	4,415	...	...	9.4	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,675	...	...	5.7	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	2,620	...	...	5.6	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,685	...	...	3.6	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	46,740	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	210	...	...	0.4	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	390	...	...	0.8	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	960	...	...	2.1	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	990	...	...	2.1	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	3,655	...	...	7.8	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	2,405	...	...	5.1	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	3,260	...	...	7.0	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	3,555	...	...	7.6	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,700	...	...	5.8	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,500	...	...	5.3	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	4,820	...	...	10.3	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	4,480	...	...	9.6	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,765	...	...	8.1	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	3,055	...	...	6.5	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,290	...	...	4.9	...	...
$100,000 and over	7,705	...	...	16.5	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,700	...	...	7.9	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,980	...	...	4.2	...	...
$150,000 and over	2,020	...	...	4.3	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	33,675	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	75,500	...	...	75,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	67,000	...	...	67,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	18,240	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	65,000	...	...	65,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	58,800	...	...	58,800	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	10,460	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	110,000	...	...	110,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	95,000	...	...	95,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.7	...	...	3.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	4,135	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	51,600	...	...	51,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	48,800	...	...	48,800	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.5	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	14,380	6,620	7,765	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	28,800	32,000	27,000	28,800	32,000	27,000
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	27,200	29,200	26,000	27,200	29,200	26,000
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	33,650	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	89,900	...	...	89,900	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	76,300	...	...	76,300	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	18,235	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	75,800	...	...	75,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	65,300	...	...	65,300	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	10,490	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	124,900	...	...	124,900	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	103,200	...	...	103,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	4,085	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	61,150	...	...	61,150	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	54,950	...	...	54,950	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	14,440	6,655	7,780	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	38,040	41,680	34,920	38,040	41,680	34,920
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	33,040	35,280	31,160	33,040	35,280	31,160
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	102,500	50,450	52,050	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	15,375	7,980	7,395	15.0	15.8	14.2
0 to 5 years	4,140	2,130	2,015	4.0	4.2	3.9
18 to 64 years	58,595	28,600	30,000	57.2	56.7	57.6
65 years and over	28,530	13,870	14,660	27.8	27.5	28.2
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	19,715	8,990	10,725	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	2,820	1,470	1,350	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	905	475	430	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	7,815	3,545	4,270	...	...	...
65 years and over	9,080	3,980	5,100	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	19.2	17.8	20.6	19.2	17.8	20.6
0 to 17 years (%)	18.3	18.4	18.3	18.3	18.4	18.3
0 to 5 years (%)	21.8	22.3	21.3	21.8	22.3	21.3
18 to 64 years (%)	13.3	12.4	14.2	13.3	12.4	14.2
65 years and over (%)	31.8	28.7	34.8	31.8	28.7	34.8
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	102,500	50,450	52,050	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	15,380	7,985	7,395	15.0	15.8	14.2
0 to 5 years	4,145	2,125	2,015	4.0	4.2	3.9
18 to 64 years	58,595	28,600	29,995	57.2	56.7	57.6
65 years and over	28,525	13,870	14,660	27.8	27.5	28.2
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	3,000	1,530	1,465	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	390	205	190	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	110	60	55	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	2,365	1,235	1,130	...	...	...
65 years and over	240	90	145	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.9	3.0	2.8	2.9	3.0	2.8
0 to 17 years (%)	2.6	2.6	2.5	2.6	2.6	2.5
0 to 5 years (%)	2.7	2.8	2.6	2.7	2.8	2.6
18 to 64 years (%)	4.0	4.3	3.8	4.0	4.3	3.8
65 years and over (%)	0.8	0.7	1.0	0.8	0.7	1.0
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	102,500	50,450	52,050	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	69,475	33,460	36,015	67.8	66.3	69.2
In bottom decile	14,330	6,500	7,825	14.0	12.9	15.0
In second decile	17,880	8,405	9,480	17.4	16.7	18.2
In third decile	13,935	6,845	7,095	13.6	13.6	13.6
In fourth decile	12,545	6,260	6,285	12.2	12.4	12.1
In fifth decile	10,785	5,450	5,330	10.5	10.8	10.2
In top half of the distribution	33,025	16,990	16,035	32.2	33.7	30.8
In sixth decile	9,385	4,815	4,570	9.2	9.5	8.8
In seventh decile	8,035	4,125	3,910	7.8	8.2	7.5
In eighth decile	6,825	3,515	3,320	6.7	7.0	6.4
In ninth decile	5,105	2,635	2,475	5.0	5.2	4.8
In top decile	3,670	1,910	1,760	3.6	3.8	3.4
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	102,500	...	...	102,500	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.318	...	...	0.318	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.526	...	...	0.526	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.273	...	...	0.273	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.3	...	...	3.3	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	103,255	50,715	52,540	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	100,635	49,610	51,025	97.5	97.8	97.1
French only	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	2,550	1,060	1,490	2.5	2.1	2.8
Neither English nor French	65	40	25	0.1	0.1	0.0
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	103,255	50,715	52,540	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	102,990	50,570	52,420	99.7	99.7	99.8
French	205	110	95	0.2	0.2	0.2
English and French	15	15	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Neither English nor French	50	30	20	0.0	0.1	0.0
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	103,255	50,715	52,540	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	102,975	50,590	52,390	99.7	99.8	99.7
Official languages	102,225	50,215	52,010	99.0	99.0	99.0
English	102,005	50,105	51,895	98.8	98.8	98.8
French	225	115	110	0.2	0.2	0.2
Non-official languages	750	370	380	0.7	0.7	0.7
Indigenous languages³⁹	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	740	370	365	0.7	0.7	0.7
Afro-Asiatic languages	110	65	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	105	60	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	105	65	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	115	40	75	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	5	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	100	35	65	0.1	0.1	0.1
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	30	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	340	175	165	0.3	0.3	0.3
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	80	45	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	40	25	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	40	25	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	20	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	150	75	75	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages	140	70	70	0.1	0.1	0.1
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	100	50	55	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	65	35	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	45	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	20	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	75	35	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages	75	35	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	45	15	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	20	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	280	125	155	0.3	0.2	0.3
English and French	105	45	65	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and non-official language(s)	150	70	85	0.1	0.1	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	103,255	50,715	52,540	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	102,145	50,165	51,975	98.9	98.9	98.9
French	55	30	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-official language	180	110	75	0.2	0.2	0.1
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	180	110	75	0.2	0.2	0.1
English and French	220	105	120	0.2	0.2	0.2
English and non-official language(s)	610	290	320	0.6	0.6	0.6
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	103,255	50,715	52,540	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	103,105	50,640	52,465	99.9	99.9	99.9
Official languages	102,725	50,430	52,295	99.5	99.4	99.5
English	102,645	50,390	52,260	99.4	99.4	99.5
French	80	45	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-official languages	380	205	170	0.4	0.4	0.3
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	380	205	170	0.4	0.4	0.3
Afro-Asiatic languages	60	35	25	0.1	0.1	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	60	35	25	0.1	0.1	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	60	35	25	0.1	0.1	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	45	20	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	40	15	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	155	80	75	0.2	0.2	0.1
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	120	65	60	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages	120	60	60	0.1	0.1	0.1
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	85	40	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	50	30	15	0.0	0.1	0.0
American Sign Language	40	25	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	50	30	25	0.0	0.1	0.0
Chinese languages	50	30	25	0.0	0.1	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	30	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	15	15	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	155	75	75	0.2	0.1	0.1
English and French	25	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	120	60	60	0.1	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	103,255	50,715	52,540	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	102,525	50,375	52,145	99.3	99.3	99.2
English	170	90	75	0.2	0.2	0.1
French	175	80	100	0.2	0.2	0.2
Non-official language	290	125	165	0.3	0.2	0.3
Indigenous³⁹	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	280	125	155	0.3	0.2	0.3
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	55	25	30	0.1	0.0	0.1
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	102,500	50,450	52,050	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	102,475	50,430	52,045	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	102,460	50,420	52,035	100.0	99.9	100.0
French	2,565	1,035	1,535	2.5	2.1	2.9
Non-official languages	1,420	665	755	1.4	1.3	1.5
Indigenous languages³⁹	40	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,385	645	740	1.4	1.3	1.4
Afro-Asiatic languages	140	65	75	0.1	0.1	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	140	65	75	0.1	0.1	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	140	65	75	0.1	0.1	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	145	55	90	0.1	0.1	0.2
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	135	50	90	0.1	0.1	0.2
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	60	35	25	0.1	0.1	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	50	30	20	0.0	0.1	0.0
Tamil	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	770	360	410	0.8	0.7	0.8
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	75	35	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	75	35	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	35	25	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	20	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	20	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	170	90	85	0.2	0.2	0.2
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	85	50	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
German	85	50	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	75	35	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Afrikaans	40	25	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	40	15	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	15	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	310	170	140	0.3	0.3	0.3
Indo-Aryan languages	280	155	125	0.3	0.3	0.2
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	135	90	45	0.1	0.2	0.1
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	165	95	65	0.2	0.2	0.1
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	55	25	30	0.1	0.0	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	30	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	215	60	150	0.2	0.1	0.3
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	35	10	30	0.0	0.0	0.1
Portuguese	35	10	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	145	45	100	0.1	0.1	0.2
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	55	20	30	0.1	0.0	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	20	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	125	50	70	0.1	0.1	0.1
American Sign Language	100	45	55	0.1	0.1	0.1
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	90	50	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages	90	50	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	25	20	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	65	30	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	25	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	25	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	102,500	50,450	52,050	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	4,785	2,305	2,475	4.7	4.6	4.8
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	4,430	2,155	2,280	4.3	4.3	4.4
First Nations (North American Indian)	2,895	1,380	1,515	2.8	2.7	2.9
Métis	1,075	560	520	1.0	1.1	1.0
Inuk (Inuit)	460	215	245	0.4	0.4	0.5
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	35	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	315	135	180	0.3	0.3	0.3
Non-Indigenous identity	97,715	48,140	49,575	95.3	95.4	95.2
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	102,500	50,450	52,050	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	2,355	1,095	1,255	2.3	2.2	2.4
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	100,145	49,350	50,795	97.7	97.8	97.6
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	46,740	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	37,105	...	...	79.4	...	...
Renter	9,640	...	...	20.6	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	46,740	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	560	...	...	1.2	...	...
Not condominium	46,180	...	...	98.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	46,740	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	45	...	...	0.1	...	...
1 bedroom	1,950	...	...	4.2	...	...
2 bedrooms	12,400	...	...	26.5	...	...
3 bedrooms	21,875	...	...	46.8	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	10,465	...	...	22.4	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	46,740	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	7,290	...	...	15.6	...	...
5 rooms	7,750	...	...	16.6	...	...
6 rooms	8,610	...	...	18.4	...	...
7 rooms	7,440	...	...	15.9	...	...
8 or more rooms	15,650	...	...	33.5	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.8	...	...	6.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	46,740	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	46,540	...	...	99.6	...	...
More than one person per room	195	...	...	0.4	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	46,740	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	46,115	...	...	98.7	...	...
Not suitable	625	...	...	1.3	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	46,740	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	9,850	...	...	21.1	...	...
1961 to 1980	16,015	...	...	34.3	...	...
1981 to 1990	7,245	...	...	15.5	...	...
1991 to 2000	5,080	...	...	10.9	...	...
2001 to 2005	1,965	...	...	4.2	...	...
2006 to 2010	2,380	...	...	5.1	...	...
2011 to 2015	2,620	...	...	5.6	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	1,580	...	...	3.4	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	46,740	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	43,830	...	...	93.8	...	...
Major repairs needed	2,910	...	...	6.2	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	46,740	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	24,865	...	...	53.2	...	...
Two-maintainer household	20,995	...	...	44.9	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	880	...	...	1.9	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	46,740	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	840	...	...	1.8	...	...
25 to 34 years	3,725	...	...	8.0	...	...
35 to 44 years	5,445	...	...	11.6	...	...
45 to 54 years	8,105	...	...	17.3	...	...
55 to 64 years	10,640	...	...	22.8	...	...
65 to 74 years	10,875	...	...	23.3	...	...
75 to 84 years	5,690	...	...	12.2	...	...
85 years and over	1,420	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	46,670	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	40,980	...	...	87.8	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	5,695	...	...	12.2	...	...
30% to less than 100%	5,395	...	...	11.6	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	46,740	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	8,655	...	...	18.5	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	5,190	...	...	11.1	...	...
Not suitable only	525	...	...	1.1	...	...
Major repairs needed only	2,365	...	...	5.1	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	30	...	...	0.1	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	470	...	...	1.0	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	75	...	...	0.2	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	38,090	...	...	81.5	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	46,370	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	3,730	...	...	8.0	...	...
Not in core need	42,645	...	...	92.0	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	37,090	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	38.4	...	...	38.4	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	6.7	...	...	6.7	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	4.5	...	...	4.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	524	...	...	524	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	754	...	...	754	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	160,000	...	...	160,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	181,400	...	...	181,400	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	9,635	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	18.4	...	...	18.4	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	33.5	...	...	33.5	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	21.8	...	...	21.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	800	...	...	800	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	814	...	...	814	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	102,505	50,445	52,055	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	3,425	1,655	1,775	3.3	3.3	3.4
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	3,360	1,615	1,740	3.3	3.2	3.3
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	2,615	1,240	1,380	2.6	2.5	2.7
Métis single ancestry	480	265	215	0.5	0.5	0.4
Inuit single ancestry	260	110	150	0.3	0.2	0.3
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	70	35	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	35	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	3,375	1,630	1,740	3.3	3.2	3.3
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	3,305	1,595	1,710	3.2	3.2	3.3
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	2,480	1,220	1,260	2.4	2.4	2.4
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	460	200	265	0.4	0.4	0.5
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	355	170	185	0.3	0.3	0.4
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	70	40	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	20	20	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	40	15	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	95,700	47,165	48,535	93.4	93.5	93.2
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	102,500	50,450	52,050	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	101,740	50,035	51,705	99.3	99.2	99.3
Canadian citizens aged under 18	15,315	8,020	7,305	14.9	15.9	14.0
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	86,420	42,020	44,400	84.3	83.3	85.3
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	760	410	350	0.7	0.8	0.7
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	102,500	50,450	52,050	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	100,890	49,645	51,250	98.4	98.4	98.5
Immigrants⁸¹	1,300	630	670	1.3	1.2	1.3
Before 1980	440	190	245	0.4	0.4	0.5
1980 to 1990	115	55	55	0.1	0.1	0.1
1991 to 2000	70	25	50	0.1	0.0	0.1
2001 to 2010	200	100	105	0.2	0.2	0.2
2011 to 2021⁸²	480	265	215	0.5	0.5	0.4
2011 to 2015	180	115	65	0.2	0.2	0.1
2016 to 2021	300	145	150	0.3	0.3	0.3
Non-permanent residents⁸³	310	170	135	0.3	0.3	0.3
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	1,300	630	665	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	165	50	110	12.7	7.9	16.5
5 to 14 years	155	75	80	11.9	11.9	12.0
15 to 24 years	310	135	180	23.8	21.4	27.1
25 to 44 years	530	285	240	40.8	45.2	36.1
45 years and over	135	80	60	10.4	12.7	9.0
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	1,300	630	665	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	265	120	145	20.4	19.0	21.8
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
El Salvador	15	0	10	1.2	0.0	1.5
Guyana	10	0	0	0.8	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	35	10	20	2.7	1.6	3.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	165	80	85	12.7	12.7	12.8
Other places of birth in Americas	40	15	20	3.1	2.4	3.0
Europe	490	260	230	37.7	41.3	34.6
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	10	0	10	0.8	0.0	1.5
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	35	25	15	2.7	4.0	2.3
Greece	10	0	0	0.8	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	10	0	10	0.8	0.0	1.5
Netherlands	25	15	10	1.9	2.4	1.5
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portugal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	10	0	10	0.8	0.0	1.5
United Kingdom⁸⁷	305	165	135	23.5	26.2	20.3
Other places of birth in Europe	65	45	20	5.0	7.1	3.0
Africa	105	60	40	8.1	9.5	6.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	30	25	0	2.3	4.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	30	10	20	2.3	1.6	3.0
Other places of birth in Africa	35	25	10	2.7	4.0	1.5
Asia	410	175	230	31.5	27.8	34.6
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	35	20	20	2.7	3.2	3.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	45	15	25	3.5	2.4	3.8
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	130	45	85	10.0	7.1	12.8
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	70	40	30	5.4	6.3	4.5
Pakistan	30	15	15	2.3	2.4	2.3
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	70	30	40	5.4	4.8	6.0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	35	10	20	2.7	1.6	3.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	295	145	155	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	45	30	20	15.3	20.7	12.9
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	30	10	15	10.2	6.9	9.7
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	15	10	0	5.1	6.9	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	50	35	15	16.9	24.1	9.7
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	15	15	0	5.1	10.3	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	20	10	10	6.8	6.9	6.5
Africa	40	20	15	13.6	13.8	9.7
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	15	0	0	5.1	0.0	0.0
Asia	150	55	95	50.8	37.9	61.3
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	30	15	20	10.2	10.3	12.9
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	10	0	0	3.4	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	75	25	50	25.4	17.2	32.3
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	25	10	15	8.5	6.9	9.7
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	102,500	50,450	52,050	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	1,795	895	895	1.8	1.8	1.7
Second generation¹⁰¹	2,300	1,130	1,170	2.2	2.2	2.2
Third generation or more¹⁰²	98,410	48,425	49,985	96.0	96.0	96.0
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	865	440	425	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	435	240	195	50.3	54.5	45.9
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	215	140	80	24.9	31.8	18.8
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	220	95	125	25.4	21.6	29.4
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	350	175	175	40.5	39.8	41.2
Refugees¹⁰⁸	80	30	50	9.2	6.8	11.8
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	865	440	425	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	20	0	15	2.3	0.0	3.5
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	235	125	115	27.2	28.4	27.1
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	35	20	10	4.0	4.5	2.4
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	50	35	15	5.8	8.0	3.5
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	525	260	265	60.7	59.1	62.4
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	102,500	50,450	52,050	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	1,230	605	625	1.2	1.2	1.2
South Asian	375	200	175	0.4	0.4	0.3
Chinese	115	50	65	0.1	0.1	0.1
Black	250	135	110	0.2	0.3	0.2
Filipino	185	70	115	0.2	0.1	0.2
Arab	75	40	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Latin American	35	15	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southeast Asian	45	30	20	0.0	0.1	0.0
West Asian	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	25	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	55	35	20	0.1	0.1	0.0
Multiple visible minorities	50	25	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	101,270	49,845	51,425	98.8	98.8	98.8
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	102,500	50,450	52,050	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	31,145	15,095	16,050	30.4	29.9	30.8
English	37,765	18,525	19,240	36.8	36.7	37.0
Irish	15,400	7,565	7,835	15.0	15.0	15.1
Scottish	5,390	2,500	2,885	5.3	5.0	5.5
French, n.o.s.¹²²	2,390	1,055	1,335	2.3	2.1	2.6
German	1,090	575	515	1.1	1.1	1.0
Chinese	195	85	110	0.2	0.2	0.2
Italian	250	135	115	0.2	0.3	0.2
Indian (India)	275	140	135	0.3	0.3	0.3
Ukrainian	230	90	145	0.2	0.2	0.3
Dutch	300	145	150	0.3	0.3	0.3
Polish	155	45	110	0.2	0.1	0.2
Québécois	50	25	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	4,595	2,410	2,185	4.5	4.8	4.2
Filipino	160	60	100	0.2	0.1	0.2
French Canadian	75	20	60	0.1	0.0	0.1
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	5,960	2,850	3,110	5.8	5.6	6.0
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	1,335	620	710	1.3	1.2	1.4
Métis	1,035	520	510	1.0	1.0	1.0
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	1,900	915	990	1.9	1.8	1.9
Russian	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	255	125	125	0.2	0.2	0.2
Welsh	835	455	380	0.8	0.9	0.7
Portuguese	115	60	60	0.1	0.1	0.1
American	355	175	185	0.3	0.3	0.4
Spanish	125	65	60	0.1	0.1	0.1
Swedish	215	85	125	0.2	0.2	0.2
Hungarian	65	50	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Acadian	110	50	55	0.1	0.1	0.1
Pakistani	30	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	60	35	20	0.1	0.1	0.0
Jewish	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi	100	55	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	55	35	20	0.1	0.1	0.0
Greek	65	25	35	0.1	0.0	0.1
Jamaican	50	25	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	75	40	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	55	20	30	0.1	0.0	0.1
Korean	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	35	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanese	80	50	25	0.1	0.1	0.0
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	370	160	215	0.4	0.3	0.4
Danish	40	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	450	205	240	0.4	0.4	0.5
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	55	20	35	0.1	0.0	0.1
Belgian	15	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	35	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mennonite	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	2,310	1,200	1,115	2.3	2.4	2.1
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	250	155	90	0.2	0.3	0.2
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	20	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	40	15	30	0.0	0.0	0.1
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	25	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	20	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	50	30	20	0.0	0.1	0.0
Newfoundlander	8,495	4,305	4,190	8.3	8.5	8.0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	70	15	60	0.1	0.0	0.1
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	650	285	365	0.6	0.6	0.7
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigerian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	20	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	35	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South African	20	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	35	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	85	55	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	40	30	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	15	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	130	75	60	0.1	0.1	0.1
New Brunswicker	30	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	20	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	55	30	25	0.1	0.1	0.0
Latvian	30	20	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	90	50	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	35	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	145	70	75	0.1	0.1	0.1
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	30	20	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	790	345	445	0.8	0.7	0.9
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	102,500	50,450	52,050	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	55	35	25	0.1	0.1	0.0
Christian	88,150	42,730	45,420	86.0	84.7	87.3
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	4,260	2,110	2,150	4.2	4.2	4.1
Anabaptist	30	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	19,150	9,265	9,875	18.7	18.4	19.0
Baptist	160	80	85	0.2	0.2	0.2
Catholic	14,365	6,575	7,795	14.0	13.0	15.0
Christian Orthodox	70	45	25	0.1	0.1	0.0
Jehovah's Witness	435	195	240	0.4	0.4	0.5
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lutheran	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	15,305	7,660	7,640	14.9	15.2	14.7
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	14,745	7,130	7,615	14.4	14.1	14.6
Presbyterian	185	90	95	0.2	0.2	0.2
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	18,730	9,245	9,485	18.3	18.3	18.2
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	695	315	380	0.7	0.6	0.7
Hindu	55	35	20	0.1	0.1	0.0
Jewish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	190	90	105	0.2	0.2	0.2
Sikh	125	70	60	0.1	0.1	0.1
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	80	45	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
No religion and secular perspectives	13,830	7,440	6,390	13.5	14.7	12.3
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	101,860	50,070	51,790	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	94,115	46,360	47,760	92.4	92.6	92.2
Movers	7,740	3,715	4,025	7.6	7.4	7.8
Non-migrants	3,640	1,735	1,910	3.6	3.5	3.7
Migrants	4,100	1,980	2,120	4.0	4.0	4.1
Internal migrants	4,040	1,955	2,085	4.0	3.9	4.0
Intraprovincial migrants	2,535	1,190	1,350	2.5	2.4	2.6
Interprovincial migrants	1,505	765	735	1.5	1.5	1.4
External migrants	60	25	40	0.1	0.0	0.1
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	99,175	48,690	50,475	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	73,325	36,330	36,995	73.9	74.6	73.3
Movers	25,845	12,360	13,485	26.1	25.4	26.7
Non-migrants	8,850	4,155	4,695	8.9	8.5	9.3
Migrants	16,995	8,210	8,790	17.1	16.9	17.4
Internal migrants	16,455	7,925	8,530	16.6	16.3	16.9
Intraprovincial migrants	11,600	5,540	6,060	11.7	11.4	12.0
Interprovincial migrants	4,855	2,385	2,470	4.9	4.9	4.9
External migrants	540	280	260	0.5	0.6	0.5
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	90,145	44,070	46,075	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	27,115	14,410	12,710	30.1	32.7	27.6
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	63,030	29,655	33,370	69.9	67.3	72.4
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	52,595	25,445	27,155	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	11,295	6,465	4,835	21.5	25.4	17.8
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	41,300	18,980	22,320	78.5	74.6	82.2
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	90,145	44,070	46,080	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	25,125	12,750	12,375	27.9	28.9	26.9
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	26,750	11,930	14,820	29.7	27.1	32.2
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	38,275	19,390	18,880	42.5	44.0	41.0
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	30,160	16,115	14,045	33.5	36.6	30.5
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	9,330	6,915	2,410	10.3	15.7	5.2
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	4,840	2,985	1,860	5.4	6.8	4.0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	4,485	3,935	555	5.0	8.9	1.2
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	19,615	8,675	10,940	21.8	19.7	23.7
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,220	520	695	1.4	1.2	1.5
Bachelor's degree or higher	8,115	3,280	4,835	9.0	7.4	10.5
Bachelor's degree	5,430	2,105	3,325	6.0	4.8	7.2
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	345	135	205	0.4	0.3	0.4
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	310	200	105	0.3	0.5	0.2
Master's degree	1,955	780	1,170	2.2	1.8	2.5
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	75	50	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	52,600	25,440	27,155	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	10,060	5,430	4,625	19.1	21.3	17.0
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	15,100	6,850	8,245	28.7	26.9	30.4
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	27,445	13,165	14,285	52.2	51.7	52.6
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	21,570	11,090	10,475	41.0	43.6	38.6
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	6,325	4,685	1,645	12.0	18.4	6.1
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	3,295	2,060	1,230	6.3	8.1	4.5
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	3,035	2,620	415	5.8	10.3	1.5
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	14,535	6,085	8,450	27.6	23.9	31.1
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	705	325	380	1.3	1.3	1.4
Bachelor's degree or higher	5,875	2,070	3,805	11.2	8.1	14.0
Bachelor's degree	3,795	1,305	2,495	7.2	5.1	9.2
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	220	70	155	0.4	0.3	0.6
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	250	140	105	0.5	0.6	0.4
Master's degree	1,560	520	1,040	3.0	2.0	3.8
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	45	35	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	90,150	44,070	46,080	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	51,875	24,680	27,200	57.5	56.0	59.0
Education	3,515	1,195	2,325	3.9	2.7	5.0
13. Education	3,515	1,195	2,325	3.9	2.7	5.0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	445	180	255	0.5	0.4	0.6
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	85	65	20	0.1	0.1	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	355	125	230	0.4	0.3	0.5
Humanities	965	470	490	1.1	1.1	1.1
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	50	15	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
23. English language and literature/letters	195	80	120	0.2	0.2	0.3
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	180	75	105	0.2	0.2	0.2
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	130	70	60	0.1	0.2	0.1
39. Theology and religious vocations	305	180	125	0.3	0.4	0.3
54. History	70	35	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	15	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,670	395	1,280	1.9	0.9	2.8
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	75	30	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	590	25	565	0.7	0.1	1.2
22. Legal professions and studies	195	55	140	0.2	0.1	0.3
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	335	90	250	0.4	0.2	0.5
45. Social sciences	470	200	270	0.5	0.5	0.6
Business, management and public administration	7,650	1,470	6,185	8.5	3.3	13.4
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	375	60	310	0.4	0.1	0.7
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	7,270	1,410	5,860	8.1	3.2	12.7
Physical and life sciences and technologies	605	350	255	0.7	0.8	0.6
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	205	115	95	0.2	0.3	0.2
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	155	70	85	0.2	0.2	0.2
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	170	125	45	0.2	0.3	0.1
41. Science technologies/technicians	70	40	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	945	470	475	1.0	1.1	1.0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	790	380	410	0.9	0.9	0.9
25. Library science	30	0	30	0.0	0.0	0.1
27. Mathematics and statistics	130	85	40	0.1	0.2	0.1
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	10,475	9,960	515	11.6	22.6	1.1
04. Architecture and related services	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
14. Engineering	330	295	30	0.4	0.7	0.1
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	2,165	1,925	240	2.4	4.4	0.5
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	3,680	3,585	100	4.1	8.1	0.2
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,965	2,855	110	3.3	6.5	0.2
48. Precision production	1,330	1,300	35	1.5	2.9	0.1
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	740	545	195	0.8	1.2	0.4
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	200	75	125	0.2	0.2	0.3
03. Natural resources and conservation	540	470	70	0.6	1.1	0.2
Health and related fields	6,145	1,000	5,145	6.8	2.3	11.2
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	190	115	80	0.2	0.3	0.2
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	5,795	775	5,020	6.4	1.8	10.9
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	140	105	35	0.2	0.2	0.1
Personal, protective and transportation services	5,105	3,355	1,745	5.7	7.6	3.8
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	2,025	430	1,595	2.2	1.0	3.5
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	40	30	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
43. Security and protective services	180	140	40	0.2	0.3	0.1
49. Transportation and materials moving	2,850	2,745	105	3.2	6.2	0.2
Other¹⁷⁹	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	52,595	25,445	27,150	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	25,155	12,285	12,870	47.8	48.3	47.4
Education	2,025	540	1,490	3.9	2.1	5.5
13. Education	2,025	540	1,490	3.9	2.1	5.5
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	305	100	205	0.6	0.4	0.8
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	35	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
50. Visual and performing arts	280	90	185	0.5	0.4	0.7
Humanities	585	265	325	1.1	1.0	1.2
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	30	10	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
23. English language and literature/letters	115	40	75	0.2	0.2	0.3
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	115	50	65	0.2	0.2	0.2
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	75	45	40	0.1	0.2	0.1
39. Theology and religious vocations	185	105	80	0.4	0.4	0.3
54. History	40	10	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,315	245	1,065	2.5	1.0	3.9
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	55	10	45	0.1	0.0	0.2
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	500	25	475	1.0	0.1	1.7
22. Legal professions and studies	160	35	120	0.3	0.1	0.4
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	250	50	200	0.5	0.2	0.7
45. Social sciences	350	130	215	0.7	0.5	0.8
Business, management and public administration	5,660	955	4,705	10.8	3.8	17.3
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	310	50	260	0.6	0.2	1.0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	5,340	905	4,435	10.2	3.6	16.3
Physical and life sciences and technologies	415	240	175	0.8	0.9	0.6
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	160	90	70	0.3	0.4	0.3
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	85	35	50	0.2	0.1	0.2
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	120	90	25	0.2	0.4	0.1
41. Science technologies/technicians	40	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	790	385	410	1.5	1.5	1.5
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	710	345	365	1.3	1.4	1.3
25. Library science	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
27. Mathematics and statistics	70	40	35	0.1	0.2	0.1
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	7,015	6,580	430	13.3	25.9	1.6
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
14. Engineering	230	200	30	0.4	0.8	0.1
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	1,535	1,315	220	2.9	5.2	0.8
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	2,515	2,445	70	4.8	9.6	0.3
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,855	1,770	90	3.5	7.0	0.3
48. Precision production	870	845	25	1.7	3.3	0.1
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	585	425	165	1.1	1.7	0.6
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	155	60	95	0.3	0.2	0.3
03. Natural resources and conservation	430	365	65	0.8	1.4	0.2
Health and related fields	4,600	725	3,875	8.7	2.8	14.3
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	140	80	55	0.3	0.3	0.2
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	4,335	570	3,765	8.2	2.2	13.9
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	105	65	35	0.2	0.3	0.1
Personal, protective and transportation services	4,145	2,705	1,435	7.9	10.6	5.3
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	1,640	325	1,315	3.1	1.3	4.8
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	30	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
43. Security and protective services	155	120	35	0.3	0.5	0.1
49. Transportation and materials moving	2,315	2,235	85	4.4	8.8	0.3
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	52,595	25,445	27,150	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	25,155	12,285	12,870	47.8	48.3	47.4
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	27,440	13,160	14,280	52.2	51.7	52.6
Location of study inside Canada	26,840	12,865	13,975	51.0	50.6	51.5
Same as province or territory of residence	22,880	10,995	11,890	43.5	43.2	43.8
Different than province or territory of residence	3,960	1,875	2,085	7.5	7.4	7.7
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	605	295	305	1.2	1.2	1.1
Americas	190	95	95	0.4	0.4	0.3
United States of America	145	75	70	0.3	0.3	0.3
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	25	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	15	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	115	65	50	0.2	0.3	0.2
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	80	55	25	0.2	0.2	0.1
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	60	35	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	220	95	130	0.4	0.4	0.5
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	20	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	75	20	55	0.1	0.1	0.2
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	65	25	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Pakistan	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Oceania	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	90,145	44,070	46,080	...	...	...
In the labour force	44,485	22,640	21,845	...	...	...
Employed	35,325	17,190	18,135	...	...	...
Unemployed	9,165	5,455	3,710	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	45,660	21,430	24,235	...	...	...
Participation rate	49.3	51.4	47.4	49.3	51.4	47.4
Employment rate	39.2	39.0	39.4	39.2	39.0	39.4
Unemployment rate	20.6	24.1	17.0	20.6	24.1	17.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	90,150	44,070	46,080	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	43,265	19,900	23,360	48.0	45.2	50.7
Worked	46,885	24,170	22,720	52.0	54.8	49.3
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	17,825	8,605	9,220	19.8	19.5	20.0
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	29,060	15,565	13,500	32.2	35.3	29.3
Average weeks worked in reference year	33.9	32.2	35.7	33.9	32.2	35.7
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	44,490	22,645	21,845	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	1,485	700	785	3.3	3.1	3.6
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	43,000	21,945	21,060	96.7	96.9	96.4
Employee	39,825	20,010	19,815	89.5	88.4	90.7
Permanent position	25,775	12,005	13,770	57.9	53.0	63.0
Temporary position	14,050	8,010	6,045	31.6	35.4	27.7
Fixed term (1 year or more)	1,830	895	940	4.1	4.0	4.3
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	12,215	7,115	5,100	27.5	31.4	23.3
Self-employed¹⁹²	3,180	1,935	1,245	7.1	8.5	5.7
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	44,490	22,645	21,845	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	1,485	700	785	3.3	3.1	3.6
All occupations¹⁹¹	43,000	21,945	21,060	96.7	96.9	96.4
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	260	150	115	0.6	0.7	0.5
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	4,055	920	3,130	9.1	4.1	14.3
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,400	1,210	190	3.1	5.3	0.9
3 Health occupations	4,180	660	3,525	9.4	2.9	16.1
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	6,130	1,495	4,635	13.8	6.6	21.2
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	465	175	285	1.0	0.8	1.3
6 Sales and service occupations	10,540	3,730	6,810	23.7	16.5	31.2
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	10,280	9,570	710	23.1	42.3	3.3
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	3,015	2,395	620	6.8	10.6	2.8
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	2,685	1,635	1,045	6.0	7.2	4.8
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	44,490	22,645	21,845	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	1,485	700	785	3.3	3.1	3.6
All industries¹⁹¹	43,000	21,945	21,060	96.7	96.9	96.4
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	2,605	1,910	695	5.9	8.4	3.2
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	1,775	1,660	115	4.0	7.3	0.5
22 Utilities	335	300	35	0.8	1.3	0.2
23 Construction	4,165	3,795	370	9.4	16.8	1.7
31-33 Manufacturing	3,100	1,880	1,220	7.0	8.3	5.6
41 Wholesale trade	635	495	140	1.4	2.2	0.6
44-45 Retail trade	5,970	2,445	3,525	13.4	10.8	16.1
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	2,355	1,815	540	5.3	8.0	2.5
51 Information and cultural industries	250	135	115	0.6	0.6	0.5
52 Finance and insurance	560	160	395	1.3	0.7	1.8
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	265	155	110	0.6	0.7	0.5
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,045	555	495	2.3	2.5	2.3
55 Management of companies and enterprises	35	25	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,065	670	395	2.4	3.0	1.8
61 Educational services	2,425	665	1,760	5.5	2.9	8.1
62 Health care and social assistance	8,270	1,270	7,005	18.6	5.6	32.1
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	550	280	275	1.2	1.2	1.3
72 Accommodation and food services	2,700	915	1,785	6.1	4.0	8.2
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,840	980	855	4.1	4.3	3.9
91 Public administration	3,060	1,835	1,225	6.9	8.1	5.6
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	50,510	25,975	24,535	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	50,180	25,875	24,305	99.3	99.6	99.1
French	30	10	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Non-official language	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	225	50	175	0.4	0.2	0.7
English and non-official language(s)	65	35	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	50,510	25,975	24,535	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	50,475	25,970	24,505	99.9	100.0	99.9
Official languages	50,455	25,955	24,500	99.9	99.9	99.9
English	50,405	25,945	24,455	99.8	99.9	99.7
French	55	10	45	0.1	0.0	0.2
Non-official languages	25	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	25	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
American Sign Language	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	35	0	30	0.1	0.0	0.1
English and French	25	0	25	0.0	0.0	0.1
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	50,510	25,975	24,535	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	50,250	25,890	24,360	99.5	99.7	99.3
English	35	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
French	170	40	130	0.3	0.2	0.5
Non-official language	40	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indigenous³⁹	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Non-Indigenous	30	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	35,325	17,185	18,135	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	2,535	975	1,560	7.2	5.7	8.6
Worked outside Canada	50	40	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
No fixed workplace address	6,835	5,010	1,825	19.3	29.2	10.1
Usual place of work	25,905	11,165	14,740	73.3	65.0	81.3
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	25,905	11,165	14,740	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	16,310	6,470	9,840	63.0	57.9	66.8
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	5,805	2,330	3,475	22.4	20.9	23.6
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	3,010	1,705	1,305	11.6	15.3	8.9
Commute to a different province or territory	785	660	120	3.0	5.9	0.8
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	32,740	16,170	16,570	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	29,520	14,245	15,280	90.2	88.1	92.2
Car, truck or van - as a driver	26,635	12,965	13,670	81.4	80.2	82.5
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	2,890	1,280	1,605	8.8	7.9	9.7
Public transit	310	260	45	0.9	1.6	0.3
Walked	1,475	525	950	4.5	3.2	5.7
Bicycle	35	25	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Other method	1,405	1,120	280	4.3	6.9	1.7
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	32,740	16,170	16,570	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	20,085	8,835	11,245	61.3	54.6	67.9
15 to 29 minutes	5,660	2,885	2,775	17.3	17.8	16.7
30 to 44 minutes	3,190	1,825	1,365	9.7	11.3	8.2
45 to 59 minutes	1,320	725	590	4.0	4.5	3.6
60 minutes and over	2,490	1,905	585	7.6	11.8	3.5
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	32,740	16,170	16,570	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,780	1,380	405	5.4	8.5	2.4
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	4,385	3,055	1,325	13.4	18.9	8.0
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	9,175	4,855	4,325	28.0	30.0	26.1
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	8,630	3,305	5,325	26.4	20.4	32.1
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	3,905	1,080	2,830	11.9	6.7	17.1
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	4,870	2,505	2,370	14.9	15.5	14.3
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	15,725	8,155	7,565	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	395	225	165	2.5	2.8	2.2
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	15,330	7,930	7,395	97.5	97.2	97.8
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	12,135	6,330	5,810	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	320	180	135	2.6	2.8	2.3
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	150	90	60	1.2	1.4	1.0
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	165	90	75	1.4	1.4	1.3
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	11,825	6,145	5,675	97.4	97.1	97.7

Symbol legend

...
not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 18, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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