Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Nicolet-Yamaska, Municipalité régionale de comté (MRC)More information: Quebec [Census division]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	23,848	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	23,159	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	3.0	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total private dwellings²	11,371	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	10,552	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	23.7	...	...	23.7	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	1,004.98	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	23,845	11,805	12,045	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	3,905	2,000	1,905	16.4	16.9	15.8
0 to 4 years	1,220	655	565	5.1	5.5	4.7
5 to 9 years	1,365	675	695	5.7	5.7	5.8
10 to 14 years	1,320	675	645	5.5	5.7	5.4
15 to 64 years	13,825	7,050	6,775	58.0	59.7	56.2
15 to 19 years	1,050	515	540	4.4	4.4	4.5
20 to 24 years	1,005	530	480	4.2	4.5	4.0
25 to 29 years	1,170	580	585	4.9	4.9	4.9
30 to 34 years	1,370	680	685	5.7	5.8	5.7
35 to 39 years	1,335	730	600	5.6	6.2	5.0
40 to 44 years	1,420	740	685	6.0	6.3	5.7
45 to 49 years	1,235	630	610	5.2	5.3	5.1
50 to 54 years	1,305	665	635	5.5	5.6	5.3
55 to 59 years	1,880	925	960	7.9	7.8	8.0
60 to 64 years	2,055	1,060	1,000	8.6	9.0	8.3
65 years and over	6,120	2,755	3,365	25.7	23.3	27.9
65 to 69 years	1,825	940	885	7.7	8.0	7.3
70 to 74 years	1,485	745	740	6.2	6.3	6.1
75 to 79 years	1,095	530	570	4.6	4.5	4.7
80 to 84 years	815	295	515	3.4	2.5	4.3
85 years and over	895	240	655	3.8	2.0	5.4
85 to 89 years	460	155	310	1.9	1.3	2.6
90 to 94 years	345	55	290	1.4	0.5	2.4
95 to 99 years	75	20	50	0.3	0.2	0.4
100 years and over	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.4	16.9	15.8	16.4	16.9	15.8
15 to 64 years	58.0	59.7	56.2	58.0	59.7	56.2
65 years and over	25.7	23.3	27.9	25.7	23.3	27.9
85 years and over	3.8	2.0	5.4	3.8	2.0	5.4
Average age of the population	45.5	44.2	46.8	45.5	44.2	46.8
Median age of the population	47.6	46.0	49.6	47.6	46.0	49.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	10,555	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	7,740	...	...	73.3	...	...
Semi-detached house	400	...	...	3.8	...	...
Row house	75	...	...	0.7	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	455	...	...	4.3	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,685	...	...	16.0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Other single-attached house	50	...	...	0.5	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	150	...	...	1.4	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	10,550	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	3,705	...	...	35.1	...	...
2 persons	3,960	...	...	37.5	...	...
3 persons	1,210	...	...	11.5	...	...
4 persons	1,075	...	...	10.2	...	...
5 or more persons	605	...	...	5.7	...	...
Number of persons in private households	22,875	11,620	11,255	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	19,945	9,805	10,135	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	11,620	5,775	5,850	58.3	58.9	57.7
Married	5,965	2,955	3,010	29.9	30.1	29.7
Living common-law	5,660	2,815	2,840	28.4	28.7	28.0
Living common law - Never married	4,660	2,305	2,350	23.4	23.5	23.2
Living common law - Separated	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Living common law - Divorced	835	425	405	4.2	4.3	4.0
Living common law - Widowed	130	65	65	0.7	0.7	0.6
Not married and not living common-law	8,320	4,030	4,290	41.7	41.1	42.3
Not married and not living common law - Never married	5,385	2,965	2,415	27.0	30.2	23.8
Not married and not living common law - Separated	220	130	90	1.1	1.3	0.9
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	1,270	605	665	6.4	6.2	6.6
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	1,450	330	1,120	7.3	3.4	11.1
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	6,645	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	3,930	...	...	59.1	...	...
3 persons	1,165	...	...	17.5	...	...
4 persons	1,030	...	...	15.5	...	...
5 or more persons	525	...	...	7.9	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	6,650	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	5,675	...	...	85.3	...	...
Married couples	2,850	...	...	42.9	...	...
With children⁶	810	...	...	12.2	...	...
Without children	2,045	...	...	30.8	...	...
Common-law couples	2,825	...	...	42.5	...	...
With children⁶	1,490	...	...	22.4	...	...
Without children	1,340	...	...	20.2	...	...
Total one-parent families	970	...	...	14.6	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	665	...	...	10.0	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	305	...	...	4.6	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	22,870	11,620	11,255	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	18,300	9,165	9,135	80.0	78.9	81.2
Married spouses or common-law partners	11,360	5,670	5,685	49.7	48.8	50.5
Parents in one-parent families	970	305	665	4.2	2.6	5.9
Children⁶	5,975	3,190	2,785	26.1	27.5	24.7
In a two-parent family	4,420	2,355	2,065	19.3	20.3	18.3
In a one-parent family	1,550	830	720	6.8	7.1	6.4
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	4,575	2,455	2,120	20.0	21.1	18.8
Living alone	3,700	1,980	1,720	16.2	17.0	15.3
Living with other relatives⁷	435	210	225	1.9	1.8	2.0
Living with non-relatives only	435	265	175	1.9	2.3	1.6
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	10,550	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	6,300	...	...	59.7	...	...
Couple-family households	5,445	...	...	51.6	...	...
With children⁶	2,190	...	...	20.8	...	...
Without children	3,255	...	...	30.9	...	...
One-parent-family households	855	...	...	8.1	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	95	...	...	0.9	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	25	...	...	0.2	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	165	...	...	1.6	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	265	...	...	2.5	...	...
One-person households	3,700	...	...	35.1	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	18,970	9,615	9,350	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	18,715	9,490	9,220	98.7	98.7	98.6
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,600	42,400	33,600	37,600	42,400	33,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	18,720	9,495	9,225	98.7	98.8	98.7
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,000	37,200	30,600	34,000	37,200	30,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	16,600	8,590	8,005	87.5	89.3	85.6
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	30,000	36,000	24,200	30,000	36,000	24,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	12,995	6,985	6,010	68.5	72.6	64.3
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	32,800	37,600	28,000	32,800	37,600	28,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	16,070	7,930	8,140	84.7	82.5	87.1
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,100	10,700	13,100	12,100	10,700	13,100
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,730	1,535	1,190	14.4	16.0	12.7
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,520	5,600	5,480	5,520	5,600	5,480
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,805	2,590	2,210	25.3	26.9	23.6
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	6,000	6,500	6,000	6,000	6,500
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	18,970	9,620	9,350	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	18,745	9,490	9,255	98.8	98.6	99.0
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,880	48,120	39,560	43,880	48,120	39,560
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	18,750	9,490	9,255	98.8	98.6	99.0
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,240	40,040	34,400	37,240	40,040	34,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	16,690	8,645	8,040	88.0	89.9	86.0
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,120	42,240	31,680	37,120	42,240	31,680
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	12,995	6,975	6,020	68.5	72.5	64.4
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,440	42,160	34,120	38,440	42,160	34,120
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	16,025	7,930	8,100	84.5	82.4	86.6
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,650	11,540	13,740	12,650	11,540	13,740
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,500	1,430	1,065	13.2	14.9	11.4
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,190	6,185	8,520	7,190	6,185	8,520
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,760	2,590	2,170	25.1	26.9	23.2
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,250	6,670	7,950	7,250	6,670	7,950
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	18,970	9,615	9,355	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	6,275	3,605	2,675	33.1	37.5	28.6
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	47,600	50,800	45,200	47,600	50,800	45,200
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	54,450	56,700	51,450	54,450	56,700	51,450
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	5,330	2,640	2,690	28.1	27.5	28.8
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	18,600	22,800	16,200	18,600	22,800	16,200
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	25,840	29,720	22,020	25,840	29,720	22,020
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	75.4	80.0	69.6	75.4	80.0	69.6
Employment income (%)¹⁹	60.7	64.4	56.1	60.7	64.4	56.1
Government transfers (%)²⁰	24.6	20.0	30.4	24.6	20.0	30.4
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.2	1.9	2.5	2.2	1.9	2.5
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.2	4.5	5.9	5.2	4.5	5.9
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.2	3.8	4.7	4.2	3.8	4.7
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	18,965	9,615	9,350	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	255	125	130	1.3	1.3	1.4
With total income	18,710	9,495	9,220	98.7	98.8	98.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,145	450	695	6.1	4.7	7.5
$10,000 to $19,999	2,640	1,095	1,545	14.1	11.5	16.8
$20,000 to $29,999	3,455	1,625	1,830	18.5	17.1	19.8
$30,000 to $39,999	2,720	1,255	1,470	14.5	13.2	15.9
$40,000 to $49,999	2,630	1,390	1,240	14.1	14.6	13.4
$50,000 to $59,999	2,015	1,100	920	10.8	11.6	10.0
$60,000 to $69,999	1,435	875	560	7.7	9.2	6.1
$70,000 to $79,999	905	560	350	4.8	5.9	3.8
$80,000 to $89,999	635	360	270	3.4	3.8	2.9
$90,000 to $99,999	370	230	135	2.0	2.4	1.5
$100,000 and over	765	555	210	4.1	5.8	2.3
$100,000 to $149,999	590	425	170	3.2	4.5	1.8
$150,000 and over	175	130	40	0.9	1.4	0.4
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	18,965	9,615	9,350	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	250	125	125	1.3	1.3	1.3
With after-tax income	18,720	9,490	9,225	98.7	98.7	98.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,220	475	740	6.5	5.0	8.0
$10,000 to $19,999	2,770	1,150	1,620	14.8	12.1	17.6
$20,000 to $29,999	4,010	1,905	2,110	21.4	20.1	22.9
$30,000 to $39,999	3,455	1,755	1,700	18.5	18.5	18.4
$40,000 to $49,999	2,970	1,625	1,345	15.9	17.1	14.6
$50,000 to $59,999	1,945	1,170	775	10.4	12.3	8.4
$60,000 to $69,999	1,070	590	475	5.7	6.2	5.1
$70,000 to $79,999	590	345	245	3.2	3.6	2.7
$80,000 to $89,999	290	185	105	1.5	1.9	1.1
$90,000 to $99,999	170	120	45	0.9	1.3	0.5
$100,000 and over	240	175	65	1.3	1.8	0.7
$100,000 to $124,999	150	105	50	0.8	1.1	0.5
$125,000 and over	90	70	20	0.5	0.7	0.2
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	18,965	9,615	9,350	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	5,970	2,625	3,345	31.5	27.3	35.8
With employment income	13,000	6,990	6,005	68.5	72.7	64.2
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,680	870	805	12.9	12.4	13.4
$5,000 to $9,999	1,065	475	590	8.2	6.8	9.8
$10,000 to $19,999	1,755	800	960	13.5	11.4	16.0
$20,000 to $29,999	1,525	700	825	11.7	10.0	13.7
$30,000 to $39,999	1,620	830	790	12.5	11.9	13.2
$40,000 to $49,999	1,565	860	700	12.0	12.3	11.7
$50,000 to $59,999	1,190	740	445	9.2	10.6	7.4
$60,000 to $69,999	840	550	285	6.5	7.9	4.7
$70,000 to $79,999	600	360	240	4.6	5.2	4.0
$80,000 to $89,999	420	250	170	3.2	3.6	2.8
$90,000 to $99,999	225	150	75	1.7	2.1	1.2
$100,000 and over	535	400	135	4.1	5.7	2.2
$100,000 to $124,999	310	230	85	2.4	3.3	1.4
$125,000 and over	220	175	50	1.7	2.5	0.8
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	18,970	9,615	9,350	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	18,505	9,390	9,115	97.5	97.7	97.5
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,600	40,800	30,400	35,600	40,800	30,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	18,515	9,390	9,120	97.6	97.7	97.5
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	32,000	35,600	28,000	32,000	35,600	28,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	16,430	8,540	7,890	86.6	88.8	84.4
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	31,400	37,600	25,600	31,400	37,600	25,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	13,200	7,090	6,115	69.6	73.7	65.4
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	33,200	38,400	28,400	33,200	38,400	28,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	14,810	7,195	7,615	78.1	74.8	81.4
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,200	8,000	10,500	9,200	8,000	10,500
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	2,655	1,535	1,120	14.0	16.0	12.0
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,560	4,840	4,280	4,560	4,840	4,280
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	18,970	9,620	9,350	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	18,520	9,375	9,150	97.6	97.5	97.9
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,600	46,360	36,720	41,600	46,360	36,720
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	18,530	9,375	9,155	97.7	97.5	97.9
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,200	38,520	31,800	35,200	38,520	31,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	16,495	8,570	7,930	87.0	89.1	84.8
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	37,720	43,000	32,040	37,720	43,000	32,040
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	13,220	7,070	6,150	69.7	73.5	65.8
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,400	42,320	33,880	38,400	42,320	33,880
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	14,860	7,235	7,625	78.3	75.2	81.6
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,970	9,180	10,720	9,970	9,180	10,720
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,480	1,435	1,045	13.1	14.9	11.2
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,230	5,940	6,620	6,230	5,940	6,620
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	18,970	9,615	9,355	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	6,250	3,585	2,660	32.9	37.3	28.4
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	45,200	47,600	41,600	45,200	47,600	41,600
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	51,650	54,300	48,080	51,650	54,300	48,080
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	5,180	2,555	2,620	27.3	26.6	28.0
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	22,400	28,200	19,000	22,400	28,200	19,000
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	29,600	34,360	24,980	29,600	34,360	24,980
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	80.8	84.8	75.6	80.8	84.8	75.6
Employment income (%)	65.8	68.8	62.1	65.8	68.8	62.1
Government transfers (%)	19.2	15.3	24.3	19.2	15.3	24.3
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.0	2.0	2.1	2.0	2.0	2.1
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	10,550	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	64,500	...	...	64,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	56,800	...	...	56,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	3,700	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	34,400	...	...	34,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	31,400	...	...	31,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	6,850	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	86,000	...	...	86,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	75,500	...	...	75,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	10,555	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	77,900	...	...	77,900	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	66,200	...	...	66,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	3,675	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	41,280	...	...	41,280	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	35,240	...	...	35,240	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	6,875	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	97,500	...	...	97,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	82,800	...	...	82,800	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	10,550	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	65	...	...	0.6	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	50	...	...	0.5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	185	...	...	1.8	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	275	...	...	2.6	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	725	...	...	6.9	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	465	...	...	4.4	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	485	...	...	4.6	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	620	...	...	5.9	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	555	...	...	5.3	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	535	...	...	5.1	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	935	...	...	8.9	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	870	...	...	8.2	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	765	...	...	7.3	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	685	...	...	6.5	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	580	...	...	5.5	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,770	...	...	26.3	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,125	...	...	10.7	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	745	...	...	7.1	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	620	...	...	5.9	...	...
$200,000 and over	280	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	10,550	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	85	...	...	0.8	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	50	...	...	0.5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	190	...	...	1.8	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	280	...	...	2.7	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	770	...	...	7.3	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	575	...	...	5.5	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	615	...	...	5.8	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	710	...	...	6.7	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	675	...	...	6.4	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	560	...	...	5.3	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,095	...	...	10.4	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	970	...	...	9.2	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	805	...	...	7.6	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	740	...	...	7.0	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	590	...	...	5.6	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,850	...	...	17.5	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	990	...	...	9.4	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	470	...	...	4.5	...	...
$150,000 and over	390	...	...	3.7	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	6,685	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	86,000	...	...	86,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	75,500	...	...	75,500	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	3,265	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	75,000	...	...	75,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	66,000	...	...	66,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	2,300	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	118,000	...	...	118,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	101,000	...	...	101,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	940	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	63,600	...	...	63,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	57,200	...	...	57,200	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	4,135	2,245	1,890	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	34,000	37,200	31,400	34,000	37,200	31,400
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	30,800	32,800	28,800	30,800	32,800	28,800
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	6,745	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	97,200	...	...	97,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	82,500	...	...	82,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	3,280	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	84,900	...	...	84,900	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	71,600	...	...	71,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,260	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	128,600	...	...	128,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	108,300	...	...	108,300	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,000	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	67,800	...	...	67,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	60,300	...	...	60,300	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	4,065	2,225	1,835	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	41,040	43,720	37,800	41,040	43,720	37,800
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	35,080	36,600	33,200	35,080	36,600	33,200
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	22,875	11,620	11,255	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	4,570	2,340	2,230	20.0	20.1	19.8
0 to 5 years	1,500	785	715	6.6	6.8	6.4
18 to 64 years	13,130	6,690	6,440	57.4	57.6	57.2
65 years and over	5,170	2,585	2,585	22.6	22.2	23.0
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	3,150	1,530	1,625	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	485	230	260	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	170	80	90	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	1,400	735	665	...	...	...
65 years and over	1,260	570	695	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	13.8	13.2	14.4	13.8	13.2	14.4
0 to 17 years (%)	10.6	9.7	11.6	10.6	9.7	11.6
0 to 5 years (%)	11.1	10.0	12.4	11.1	10.0	12.4
18 to 64 years (%)	10.7	11.0	10.4	10.7	11.0	10.4
65 years and over (%)	24.4	21.9	26.9	24.4	21.9	26.9
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	22,395	11,380	11,010	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	4,485	2,300	2,185	20.0	20.2	19.8
0 to 5 years	1,475	770	705	6.6	6.8	6.4
18 to 64 years	12,820	6,535	6,280	57.2	57.4	57.0
65 years and over	5,085	2,545	2,545	22.7	22.4	23.1
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	595	330	260	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	75	35	45	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	20	10	10	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	455	270	185	...	...	...
65 years and over	65	30	35	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.7	2.9	2.4	2.7	2.9	2.4
0 to 17 years (%)	1.7	1.5	2.0	1.7	1.5	2.0
0 to 5 years (%)	1.5	1.2	1.8	1.5	1.2	1.8
18 to 64 years (%)	3.5	4.1	2.9	3.5	4.1	2.9
65 years and over (%)	1.2	1.1	1.3	1.2	1.1	1.3
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	22,875	11,620	11,255	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	14,750	7,355	7,395	64.5	63.3	65.7
In bottom decile	2,450	1,215	1,235	10.7	10.5	11.0
In second decile	3,260	1,590	1,670	14.3	13.7	14.8
In third decile	3,105	1,555	1,550	13.6	13.4	13.8
In fourth decile	3,015	1,495	1,520	13.2	12.9	13.5
In fifth decile	2,920	1,500	1,420	12.8	12.9	12.6
In top half of the distribution	8,125	4,260	3,860	35.5	36.7	34.3
In sixth decile	2,575	1,360	1,215	11.3	11.7	10.8
In seventh decile	2,150	1,135	1,020	9.4	9.8	9.1
In eighth decile	1,700	885	810	7.4	7.6	7.2
In ninth decile	1,095	570	530	4.8	4.9	4.7
In top decile	600	315	280	2.6	2.7	2.5
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	22,870	...	...	22,870	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.280	...	...	0.280	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.429	...	...	0.429	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.243	...	...	0.243	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.1	...	...	3.1	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	23,215	11,710	11,505	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	30	20	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
French only	17,670	8,690	8,980	76.1	74.2	78.1
English and French	5,475	2,970	2,510	23.6	25.4	21.8
Neither English nor French	35	25	5	0.2	0.2	0.0
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	23,215	11,710	11,505	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	200	105	95	0.9	0.9	0.8
French	22,935	11,550	11,390	98.8	98.6	99.0
English and French	50	30	25	0.2	0.3	0.2
Neither English nor French	30	25	5	0.1	0.2	0.0
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	23,215	11,710	11,505	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	23,070	11,620	11,450	99.4	99.2	99.5
Official languages	22,800	11,470	11,325	98.2	98.0	98.4
English	190	105	90	0.8	0.9	0.8
French	22,605	11,370	11,240	97.4	97.1	97.7
Non-official languages	270	150	120	1.2	1.3	1.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	270	150	120	1.2	1.3	1.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	25	15	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	25	15	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	25	15	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	215	120	95	0.9	1.0	0.8
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	70	40	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	70	35	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
German	45	25	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	20	15	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	135	75	55	0.6	0.6	0.5
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	10	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Portuguese	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	100	60	40	0.4	0.5	0.3
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Chinese languages	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	140	85	55	0.6	0.7	0.5
English and French	105	70	40	0.5	0.6	0.3
English and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	23,215	11,710	11,505	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	65	35	35	0.3	0.3	0.3
French	22,375	11,250	11,125	96.4	96.1	96.7
Non-official language	70	50	25	0.3	0.4	0.2
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	70	50	25	0.3	0.4	0.2
English and French	480	265	215	2.1	2.3	1.9
English and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	160	80	80	0.7	0.7	0.7
English, French and non-official language(s)	65	30	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	23,215	11,710	11,505	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	23,080	11,635	11,445	99.4	99.4	99.5
Official languages	22,965	11,565	11,405	98.9	98.8	99.1
English	115	60	60	0.5	0.5	0.5
French	22,850	11,505	11,345	98.4	98.2	98.6
Non-official languages	105	70	40	0.5	0.6	0.3
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	105	70	40	0.5	0.6	0.3
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	90	55	30	0.4	0.5	0.3
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
German	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	70	45	25	0.3	0.4	0.2
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	60	40	20	0.3	0.3	0.2
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	135	80	55	0.6	0.7	0.5
English and French	90	50	40	0.4	0.4	0.3
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	15	5	5	0.1	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	23,215	11,710	11,505	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	22,630	11,400	11,235	97.5	97.4	97.7
English	350	195	155	1.5	1.7	1.3
French	80	35	40	0.3	0.3	0.3
Non-official language	110	55	60	0.5	0.5	0.5
Indigenous³⁹	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	110	55	55	0.5	0.5	0.5
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	22,875	11,615	11,255	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	22,855	11,600	11,255	99.9	99.9	100.0
English	5,480	2,990	2,490	24.0	25.7	22.1
French	22,825	11,575	11,245	99.8	99.7	99.9
Non-official languages	760	380	380	3.3	3.3	3.4
Indigenous languages³⁹	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Algonquian languages	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	10	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Atikamekw	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	745	370	375	3.3	3.2	3.3
Afro-Asiatic languages	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	20	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	20	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Haitian Creole	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	680	330	355	3.0	2.8	3.2
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	125	70	55	0.5	0.6	0.5
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	125	70	55	0.5	0.6	0.5
German	110	65	50	0.5	0.6	0.4
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	565	265	300	2.5	2.3	2.7
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	30	25	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Portuguese	35	15	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	515	235	275	2.3	2.0	2.4
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	22,875	11,620	11,255	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	705	325	380	3.1	2.8	3.4
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	670	305	365	2.9	2.6	3.2
First Nations (North American Indian)	580	265	315	2.5	2.3	2.8
Métis	85	35	50	0.4	0.3	0.4
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	35	15	15	0.2	0.1	0.1
Non-Indigenous identity	22,165	11,295	10,875	96.9	97.2	96.6
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	22,875	11,620	11,255	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	410	195	210	1.8	1.7	1.9
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	22,465	11,420	11,040	98.2	98.3	98.1
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	10,555	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	7,610	...	...	72.1	...	...
Renter	2,925	...	...	27.7	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	20	...	...	0.2	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	10,555	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	425	...	...	4.0	...	...
Not condominium	10,125	...	...	95.9	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	10,555	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	20	...	...	0.2	...	...
1 bedroom	970	...	...	9.2	...	...
2 bedrooms	3,175	...	...	30.1	...	...
3 bedrooms	3,665	...	...	34.7	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	2,725	...	...	25.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	10,555	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	2,480	...	...	23.5	...	...
5 rooms	2,075	...	...	19.7	...	...
6 rooms	1,540	...	...	14.6	...	...
7 rooms	1,400	...	...	13.3	...	...
8 or more rooms	3,055	...	...	28.9	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.3	...	...	6.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	10,555	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	10,530	...	...	99.8	...	...
More than one person per room	20	...	...	0.2	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	10,555	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	10,435	...	...	98.9	...	...
Not suitable	125	...	...	1.2	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	10,555	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	3,295	...	...	31.2	...	...
1961 to 1980	3,220	...	...	30.5	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,265	...	...	12.0	...	...
1991 to 2000	980	...	...	9.3	...	...
2001 to 2005	350	...	...	3.3	...	...
2006 to 2010	375	...	...	3.6	...	...
2011 to 2015	565	...	...	5.4	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	505	...	...	4.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	10,555	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	9,960	...	...	94.4	...	...
Major repairs needed	590	...	...	5.6	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	10,555	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	6,230	...	...	59.0	...	...
Two-maintainer household	4,205	...	...	39.8	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	120	...	...	1.1	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	10,555	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	260	...	...	2.5	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,300	...	...	12.3	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,695	...	...	16.1	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,400	...	...	13.3	...	...
55 to 64 years	2,430	...	...	23.0	...	...
65 to 74 years	2,060	...	...	19.5	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,110	...	...	10.5	...	...
85 years and over	305	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	9,970	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	9,080	...	...	91.1	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	895	...	...	9.0	...	...
30% to less than 100%	840	...	...	8.4	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	10,550	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	1,505	...	...	14.3	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	805	...	...	7.6	...	...
Not suitable only	110	...	...	1.0	...	...
Major repairs needed only	490	...	...	4.6	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	85	...	...	0.8	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	10	...	...	0.1	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	9,045	...	...	85.7	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	9,915	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	225	...	...	2.3	...	...
Not in core need	9,690	...	...	97.7	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	7,155	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	54.4	...	...	54.4	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	6.0	...	...	6.0	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	1.1	...	...	1.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	705	...	...	705	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	793	...	...	793	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	184,000	...	...	184,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	206,000	...	...	206,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,835	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	8.6	...	...	8.6	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	16.3	...	...	16.3	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	5.2	...	...	5.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	592	...	...	592	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	614	...	...	614	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	20	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	x	...	...	x	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	450	...	...	450	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	22,875	11,620	11,255	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	670	310	355	2.9	2.7	3.2
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	670	310	355	2.9	2.7	3.2
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	655	305	350	2.9	2.6	3.1
Métis single ancestry	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	565	270	295	2.5	2.3	2.6
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	565	270	295	2.5	2.3	2.6
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	550	270	285	2.4	2.3	2.5
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	21,635	11,035	10,600	94.6	95.0	94.2
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	22,870	11,615	11,255	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	22,730	11,525	11,205	99.4	99.2	99.6
Canadian citizens aged under 18	4,515	2,340	2,180	19.7	20.1	19.4
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	18,215	9,185	9,025	79.6	79.1	80.2
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	145	90	55	0.6	0.8	0.5
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	22,870	11,615	11,255	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	22,400	11,360	11,035	97.9	97.8	98.0
Immigrants⁸¹	400	195	205	1.7	1.7	1.8
Before 1980	160	90	75	0.7	0.8	0.7
1980 to 1990	80	40	40	0.3	0.3	0.4
1991 to 2000	60	25	35	0.3	0.2	0.3
2001 to 2010	50	20	30	0.2	0.2	0.3
2011 to 2021⁸²	50	25	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
2011 to 2015	45	25	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
2016 to 2021	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Non-permanent residents⁸³	75	55	15	0.3	0.5	0.1
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	400	200	205	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	55	25	25	13.8	12.5	12.2
5 to 14 years	95	40	55	23.8	20.0	26.8
15 to 24 years	85	50	40	21.3	25.0	19.5
25 to 44 years	145	70	75	36.3	35.0	36.6
45 years and over	15	15	0	3.8	7.5	0.0
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	400	200	205	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	85	30	50	21.3	15.0	24.4
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	15	0	10	3.8	0.0	4.9
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	25	15	10	6.3	7.5	4.9
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	15	10	10	3.8	5.0	4.9
Other places of birth in Americas	15	0	10	3.8	0.0	4.9
Europe	305	155	150	76.3	77.5	73.2
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	145	70	75	36.3	35.0	36.6
Germany	15	15	0	3.8	7.5	0.0
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portugal	15	10	10	3.8	5.0	4.9
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	15	0	10	3.8	0.0	4.9
Other places of birth in Europe	105	50	55	26.3	25.0	26.8
Africa	15	15	0	3.8	7.5	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	10	0	2.5	5.0	0.0
Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	10	10	0	100.0	100.0	0.0
Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	10	0	0	100.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	22,875	11,620	11,255	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	510	270	240	2.2	2.3	2.1
Second generation¹⁰¹	520	230	285	2.3	2.0	2.5
Third generation or more¹⁰²	21,850	11,115	10,730	95.5	95.7	95.3
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	235	110	130	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	160	70	90	68.1	63.6	69.2
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	60	40	15	25.5	36.4	11.5
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	105	35	70	44.7	31.8	53.8
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	65	35	30	27.7	31.8	23.1
Refugees¹⁰⁸	20	10	10	8.5	9.1	7.7
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	235	110	130	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	30	20	10	12.8	18.2	7.7
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	10	0	0	4.3	0.0	0.0
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	190	85	110	80.9	77.3	84.6
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	22,875	11,620	11,255	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	215	120	95	0.9	1.0	0.8
South Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black	60	20	40	0.3	0.2	0.4
Filipino	15	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Arab	15	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Latin American	90	45	45	0.4	0.4	0.4
Southeast Asian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	22,655	11,495	11,165	99.0	98.9	99.2
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	22,870	11,615	11,255	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	9,690	4,930	4,760	42.4	42.4	42.3
English	180	90	100	0.8	0.8	0.9
Irish	645	300	355	2.8	2.6	3.2
Scottish	195	100	90	0.9	0.9	0.8
French, n.o.s.¹²²	4,835	2,520	2,320	21.1	21.7	20.6
German	185	60	125	0.8	0.5	1.1
Chinese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	130	65	65	0.6	0.6	0.6
Indian (India)	30	20	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Polish	35	30	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Québécois	3,905	1,955	1,950	17.1	16.8	17.3
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	20	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Filipino	20	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
French Canadian	2,230	1,115	1,115	9.8	9.6	9.9
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	425	220	205	1.9	1.9	1.8
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	425	210	220	1.9	1.8	2.0
Métis	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	345	165	180	1.5	1.4	1.6
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	35	25	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
American	150	70	80	0.7	0.6	0.7
Spanish	40	25	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Swedish	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Acadian	390	205	190	1.7	1.8	1.7
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanese	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	400	185	215	1.7	1.6	1.9
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	160	70	90	0.7	0.6	0.8
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belgian	80	30	50	0.3	0.3	0.4
Haitian	45	15	30	0.2	0.1	0.3
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Mennonite	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	120	50	70	0.5	0.4	0.6
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombian	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Moroccan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	20	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	60	25	35	0.3	0.2	0.3
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Brunswicker	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	30	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	20	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	445	215	230	1.9	1.9	2.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	50	35	15	0.2	0.3	0.1
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	25	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.2
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	80	60	20	0.3	0.5	0.2
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	35	15	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	22,875	11,620	11,255	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian	17,645	8,820	8,825	77.1	75.9	78.4
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	990	525	470	4.3	4.5	4.2
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baptist	40	25	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Catholic	16,330	8,145	8,185	71.4	70.1	72.7
Christian Orthodox	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jehovah's Witness	185	75	110	0.8	0.6	1.0
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lutheran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	65	40	25	0.3	0.3	0.2
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	35	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Other religions and spiritual traditions	55	20	35	0.2	0.2	0.3
No religion and secular perspectives	5,110	2,750	2,360	22.3	23.7	21.0
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	22,625	11,505	11,125	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	20,510	10,520	9,985	90.7	91.4	89.8
Movers	2,120	980	1,140	9.4	8.5	10.2
Non-migrants	725	340	385	3.2	3.0	3.5
Migrants	1,395	640	760	6.2	5.6	6.8
Internal migrants	1,350	605	745	6.0	5.3	6.7
Intraprovincial migrants	1,345	605	740	5.9	5.3	6.7
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
External migrants	45	35	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	21,650	10,960	10,690	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	14,675	7,535	7,140	67.8	68.8	66.8
Movers	6,975	3,420	3,555	32.2	31.2	33.3
Non-migrants	1,880	960	915	8.7	8.8	8.6
Migrants	5,100	2,465	2,635	23.6	22.5	24.6
Internal migrants	5,020	2,410	2,605	23.2	22.0	24.4
Intraprovincial migrants	4,970	2,390	2,575	23.0	21.8	24.1
Interprovincial migrants	45	20	30	0.2	0.2	0.3
External migrants	80	50	30	0.4	0.5	0.3
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	18,970	9,620	9,355	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	5,165	3,075	2,085	27.2	32.0	22.3
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	13,810	6,535	7,265	72.8	67.9	77.7
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	11,720	5,950	5,765	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	2,470	1,550	920	21.1	26.1	16.0
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	9,245	4,400	4,855	78.9	73.9	84.2
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	18,970	9,615	9,350	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	4,385	2,485	1,900	23.1	25.8	20.3
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	3,895	1,885	2,015	20.5	19.6	21.6
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	10,685	5,250	5,435	56.3	54.6	58.1
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	8,320	4,375	3,945	43.9	45.5	42.2
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	4,400	2,940	1,460	23.2	30.6	15.6
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	3,145	1,875	1,270	16.6	19.5	13.6
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	1,255	1,065	195	6.6	11.1	2.1
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	3,315	1,285	2,030	17.5	13.4	21.7
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	605	150	450	3.2	1.6	4.8
Bachelor's degree or higher	2,370	875	1,495	12.5	9.1	16.0
Bachelor's degree	1,725	635	1,085	9.1	6.6	11.6
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	200	105	95	1.1	1.1	1.0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Master's degree	370	95	270	2.0	1.0	2.9
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	45	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	11,720	5,950	5,770	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,945	1,155	790	16.6	19.4	13.7
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,940	1,025	915	16.6	17.2	15.9
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	7,830	3,765	4,065	66.8	63.3	70.5
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	6,005	3,165	2,840	51.2	53.2	49.2
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	3,315	2,160	1,155	28.3	36.3	20.0
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	2,430	1,405	1,025	20.7	23.6	17.8
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	885	760	125	7.6	12.8	2.2
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	2,290	900	1,385	19.5	15.1	24.0
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	405	105	300	3.5	1.8	5.2
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,830	605	1,230	15.6	10.2	21.3
Bachelor's degree	1,340	455	885	11.4	7.6	15.3
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	150	70	80	1.3	1.2	1.4
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Master's degree	295	60	235	2.5	1.0	4.1
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	30	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.3
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	18,965	9,615	9,350	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	8,280	4,365	3,915	43.7	45.4	41.9
Education	935	185	750	4.9	1.9	8.0
13. Education	935	185	750	4.9	1.9	8.0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	265	135	135	1.4	1.4	1.4
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	35	25	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
50. Visual and performing arts	235	105	130	1.2	1.1	1.4
Humanities	355	165	190	1.9	1.7	2.0
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
23. English language and literature/letters	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	185	95	95	1.0	1.0	1.0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
54. History	40	15	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Social and behavioural sciences and law	705	160	540	3.7	1.7	5.8
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	70	10	60	0.4	0.1	0.6
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	225	15	205	1.2	0.2	2.2
22. Legal professions and studies	65	25	45	0.3	0.3	0.5
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	55	15	40	0.3	0.2	0.4
42. Psychology	175	30	140	0.9	0.3	1.5
45. Social sciences	120	55	60	0.6	0.6	0.6
Business, management and public administration	2,035	505	1,535	10.7	5.3	16.4
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	115	10	105	0.6	0.1	1.1
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,920	495	1,420	10.1	5.1	15.2
Physical and life sciences and technologies	225	125	95	1.2	1.3	1.0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	45	15	30	0.2	0.2	0.3
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	30	20	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	50	15	30	0.3	0.2	0.3
40. Physical sciences	60	50	10	0.3	0.5	0.1
41. Science technologies/technicians	35	25	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	210	115	95	1.1	1.2	1.0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	180	105	75	0.9	1.1	0.8
25. Library science	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	2,780	2,630	155	14.7	27.4	1.7
04. Architecture and related services	35	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
14. Engineering	160	135	30	0.8	1.4	0.3
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	485	430	55	2.6	4.5	0.6
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	710	700	0	3.7	7.3	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	785	760	20	4.1	7.9	0.2
48. Precision production	605	580	25	3.2	6.0	0.3
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	765	535	230	4.0	5.6	2.5
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	675	460	210	3.6	4.8	2.2
03. Natural resources and conservation	90	70	20	0.5	0.7	0.2
Health and related fields	1,430	155	1,270	7.5	1.6	13.6
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	55	30	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,365	130	1,240	7.2	1.4	13.3
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	975	535	440	5.1	5.6	4.7
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	470	80	395	2.5	0.8	4.2
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
43. Security and protective services	120	95	25	0.6	1.0	0.3
49. Transportation and materials moving	380	360	25	2.0	3.7	0.3
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	11,720	5,950	5,765	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	3,885	2,185	1,705	33.1	36.7	29.6
Education	575	100	475	4.9	1.7	8.2
13. Education	575	100	475	4.9	1.7	8.2
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	180	85	95	1.5	1.4	1.6
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	20	20	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	160	70	90	1.4	1.2	1.6
Humanities	190	95	95	1.6	1.6	1.6
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	100	60	40	0.9	1.0	0.7
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
54. History	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	25	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.3
Social and behavioural sciences and law	525	100	425	4.5	1.7	7.4
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	55	10	45	0.5	0.2	0.8
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	150	0	145	1.3	0.0	2.5
22. Legal professions and studies	55	10	45	0.5	0.2	0.8
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	35	10	25	0.3	0.2	0.4
42. Psychology	135	25	115	1.2	0.4	2.0
45. Social sciences	90	40	50	0.8	0.7	0.9
Business, management and public administration	1,605	360	1,245	13.7	6.1	21.6
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	95	10	85	0.8	0.2	1.5
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,505	350	1,160	12.8	5.9	20.1
Physical and life sciences and technologies	130	75	55	1.1	1.3	1.0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	30	0	25	0.3	0.0	0.4
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	20	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
40. Physical sciences	45	35	10	0.4	0.6	0.2
41. Science technologies/technicians	25	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	190	110	85	1.6	1.8	1.5
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	170	100	70	1.5	1.7	1.2
25. Library science	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.3
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	2,065	1,915	140	17.6	32.2	2.4
04. Architecture and related services	25	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
14. Engineering	135	105	30	1.2	1.8	0.5
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	395	345	50	3.4	5.8	0.9
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	450	445	0	3.8	7.5	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	595	580	15	5.1	9.7	0.3
48. Precision production	460	435	25	3.9	7.3	0.4
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	595	400	195	5.1	6.7	3.4
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	510	335	175	4.4	5.6	3.0
03. Natural resources and conservation	85	65	20	0.7	1.1	0.3
Health and related fields	990	95	895	8.4	1.6	15.5
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	50	25	25	0.4	0.4	0.4
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	935	75	865	8.0	1.3	15.0
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	785	420	365	6.7	7.1	6.3
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	380	50	325	3.2	0.8	5.6
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	85	60	20	0.7	1.0	0.3
49. Transportation and materials moving	320	305	15	2.7	5.1	0.3
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	11,720	5,950	5,765	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,885	2,185	1,705	33.1	36.7	29.6
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	7,835	3,765	4,065	66.9	63.3	70.5
Location of study inside Canada	7,695	3,695	4,000	65.7	62.1	69.4
Same as province or territory of residence	7,650	3,675	3,970	65.3	61.8	68.9
Different than province or territory of residence	50	25	25	0.4	0.4	0.4
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	135	70	65	1.2	1.2	1.1
Americas	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	105	50	55	0.9	0.8	1.0
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	85	45	40	0.7	0.8	0.7
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	20	20	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	20	20	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	18,970	9,615	9,350	...	...	...
In the labour force	11,915	6,335	5,580	...	...	...
Employed	11,440	6,090	5,350	...	...	...
Unemployed	475	245	230	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	7,055	3,285	3,775	...	...	...
Participation rate	62.8	65.9	59.7	62.8	65.9	59.7
Employment rate	60.3	63.3	57.2	60.3	63.3	57.2
Unemployment rate	4.0	3.9	4.1	4.0	3.9	4.1
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	18,965	9,615	9,350	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	6,910	3,125	3,785	36.4	32.5	40.5
Worked	12,055	6,490	5,565	63.6	67.5	59.5
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	6,435	3,710	2,730	33.9	38.6	29.2
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	5,615	2,785	2,840	29.6	29.0	30.4
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.4	42.8	41.9	42.4	42.8	41.9
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	11,915	6,330	5,580	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	155	60	95	1.3	0.9	1.7
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	11,755	6,275	5,480	98.7	99.1	98.2
Employee	9,960	5,165	4,795	83.6	81.6	85.9
Permanent position	8,420	4,430	3,995	70.7	70.0	71.6
Temporary position	1,535	735	805	12.9	11.6	14.4
Fixed term (1 year or more)	425	170	250	3.6	2.7	4.5
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	1,115	565	550	9.4	8.9	9.9
Self-employed¹⁹²	1,795	1,110	685	15.1	17.5	12.3
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	11,915	6,330	5,580	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	155	60	95	1.3	0.9	1.7
All occupations¹⁹¹	11,755	6,275	5,480	98.7	99.1	98.2
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	245	155	95	2.1	2.4	1.7
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,670	465	1,205	14.0	7.3	21.6
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	455	335	115	3.8	5.3	2.1
3 Health occupations	1,060	115	945	8.9	1.8	16.9
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,195	270	930	10.0	4.3	16.7
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	205	110	100	1.7	1.7	1.8
6 Sales and service occupations	2,340	925	1,420	19.6	14.6	25.4
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,655	2,450	205	22.3	38.7	3.7
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	975	740	235	8.2	11.7	4.2
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	950	715	235	8.0	11.3	4.2
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	11,915	6,330	5,580	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	155	60	95	1.3	0.9	1.7
All industries¹⁹¹	11,755	6,275	5,480	98.7	99.1	98.2
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	1,150	790	360	9.7	12.5	6.5
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	35	30	0	0.3	0.5	0.0
22 Utilities	65	45	20	0.5	0.7	0.4
23 Construction	980	870	110	8.2	13.7	2.0
31-33 Manufacturing	1,855	1,400	460	15.6	22.1	8.2
41 Wholesale trade	400	300	95	3.4	4.7	1.7
44-45 Retail trade	1,190	480	715	10.0	7.6	12.8
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	675	535	150	5.7	8.5	2.7
51 Information and cultural industries	150	85	65	1.3	1.3	1.2
52 Finance and insurance	200	45	160	1.7	0.7	2.9
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	55	45	10	0.5	0.7	0.2
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	460	230	230	3.9	3.6	4.1
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	365	245	120	3.1	3.9	2.2
61 Educational services	790	205	585	6.6	3.2	10.5
62 Health care and social assistance	1,675	180	1,495	14.1	2.8	26.8
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	90	50	40	0.8	0.8	0.7
72 Accommodation and food services	490	200	290	4.1	3.2	5.2
81 Other services (except public administration)	710	335	375	6.0	5.3	6.7
91 Public administration	405	210	200	3.4	3.3	3.6
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	12,775	6,830	5,940	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	50	25	25	0.4	0.4	0.4
French	11,770	6,170	5,600	92.1	90.3	94.3
Non-official language	25	25	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	25	25	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
English and French	815	540	275	6.4	7.9	4.6
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	80	50	25	0.6	0.7	0.4
English, French and non-official language(s)	25	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	12,775	6,830	5,940	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	12,640	6,750	5,890	98.9	98.8	99.2
Official languages	12,605	6,720	5,885	98.7	98.4	99.1
English	135	75	55	1.1	1.1	0.9
French	12,475	6,645	5,830	97.7	97.3	98.1
Non-official languages	35	35	0	0.3	0.5	0.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	35	35	0	0.3	0.5	0.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	35	35	0	0.3	0.5	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
German	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	30	25	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	30	25	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	130	75	55	1.0	1.1	0.9
English and French	110	75	40	0.9	1.1	0.7
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	12,775	6,830	5,940	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	11,980	6,300	5,685	93.8	92.2	95.7
English	630	425	205	4.9	6.2	3.5
French	90	55	35	0.7	0.8	0.6
Non-official language	55	40	20	0.4	0.6	0.3
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	50	35	20	0.4	0.5	0.3
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	20	10	10	0.2	0.1	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	11,440	6,090	5,350	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	1,810	925	880	15.8	15.2	16.4
Worked outside Canada	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
No fixed workplace address	1,335	1,035	300	11.7	17.0	5.6
Usual place of work	8,280	4,120	4,165	72.4	67.7	77.9
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	8,280	4,120	4,165	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	3,005	1,415	1,590	36.3	34.3	38.2
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,590	745	850	19.2	18.1	20.4
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	3,675	1,950	1,725	44.4	47.3	41.4
Commute to a different province or territory	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	9,615	5,160	4,460	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	8,870	4,740	4,130	92.3	91.9	92.6
Car, truck or van - as a driver	8,490	4,565	3,925	88.3	88.5	88.0
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	385	175	205	4.0	3.4	4.6
Public transit	35	15	20	0.4	0.3	0.4
Walked	515	280	235	5.4	5.4	5.3
Bicycle	85	60	25	0.9	1.2	0.6
Other method	115	65	50	1.2	1.3	1.1
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	9,615	5,160	4,460	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	4,035	1,985	2,055	42.0	38.5	46.1
15 to 29 minutes	2,665	1,385	1,280	27.7	26.8	28.7
30 to 44 minutes	1,945	1,120	820	20.2	21.7	18.4
45 to 59 minutes	490	330	160	5.1	6.4	3.6
60 minutes and over	485	340	145	5.0	6.6	3.3
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	9,615	5,160	4,460	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	690	560	130	7.2	10.9	2.9
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	2,080	1,520	560	21.6	29.5	12.6
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	3,305	1,625	1,685	34.4	31.5	37.8
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,790	645	1,145	18.6	12.5	25.7
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	510	185	330	5.3	3.6	7.4
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,240	635	610	12.9	12.3	13.7
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	4,630	2,375	2,260	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	235	125	105	5.1	5.3	4.6
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	4,400	2,250	2,155	95.0	94.7	95.4
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	3,325	1,675	1,645	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	165	85	75	5.0	5.1	4.6
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	115	55	65	3.5	3.3	4.0
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	50	35	15	1.5	2.1	0.9
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	3,160	1,590	1,570	95.0	94.9	95.4

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 18, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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