Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Montréal-Ouest, Ville (V)More information: Quebec [Census subdivision]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	5,115	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	5,050	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	1.3	...	...	1.3	...	...
Total private dwellings²	2,031	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	1,943	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	3,737.9	...	...	3,737.9	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	1.37	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	5,115	2,540	2,575	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	960	530	430	18.8	20.9	16.7
0 to 4 years	255	135	120	5.0	5.3	4.7
5 to 9 years	345	180	160	6.7	7.1	6.2
10 to 14 years	360	210	145	7.0	8.3	5.6
15 to 64 years	3,215	1,560	1,655	62.9	61.4	64.3
15 to 19 years	370	185	180	7.2	7.3	7.0
20 to 24 years	300	150	150	5.9	5.9	5.8
25 to 29 years	210	115	95	4.1	4.5	3.7
30 to 34 years	220	110	115	4.3	4.3	4.5
35 to 39 years	295	130	165	5.8	5.1	6.4
40 to 44 years	340	165	175	6.6	6.5	6.8
45 to 49 years	355	165	190	6.9	6.5	7.4
50 to 54 years	375	190	185	7.3	7.5	7.2
55 to 59 years	390	180	215	7.6	7.1	8.3
60 to 64 years	360	180	180	7.0	7.1	7.0
65 years and over	945	445	495	18.5	17.5	19.2
65 to 69 years	300	145	150	5.9	5.7	5.8
70 to 74 years	260	135	130	5.1	5.3	5.0
75 to 79 years	190	90	105	3.7	3.5	4.1
80 to 84 years	105	45	55	2.1	1.8	2.1
85 years and over	85	35	50	1.7	1.4	1.9
85 to 89 years	55	25	25	1.1	1.0	1.0
90 to 94 years	20	10	15	0.4	0.4	0.6
95 to 99 years	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.2
100 years and over	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	18.8	20.9	16.7	18.8	20.9	16.7
15 to 64 years	62.9	61.4	64.3	62.9	61.4	64.3
65 years and over	18.5	17.5	19.2	18.5	17.5	19.2
85 years and over	1.7	1.4	1.9	1.7	1.4	1.9
Average age of the population	41.2	40.1	42.4	41.2	40.1	42.4
Median age of the population	43.2	41.6	44.0	43.2	41.6	44.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	1,945	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	800	...	...	41.1	...	...
Semi-detached house	365	...	...	18.8	...	...
Row house	40	...	...	2.1	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	220	...	...	11.3	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	460	...	...	23.7	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	55	...	...	2.8	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	1,940	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	410	...	...	21.1	...	...
2 persons	650	...	...	33.5	...	...
3 persons	325	...	...	16.8	...	...
4 persons	405	...	...	20.9	...	...
5 or more persons	155	...	...	8.0	...	...
Number of persons in private households	5,105	2,530	2,575	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	4,155	2,010	2,145	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	2,625	1,310	1,310	63.2	65.2	61.1
Married	2,245	1,115	1,130	54.0	55.5	52.7
Living common-law	380	195	185	9.1	9.7	8.6
Living common law - Never married	305	160	150	7.3	8.0	7.0
Living common law - Separated	10	5	5	0.2	0.2	0.2
Living common law - Divorced	55	25	30	1.3	1.2	1.4
Living common law - Widowed	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Not married and not living common-law	1,530	700	835	36.8	34.8	38.9
Not married and not living common law - Never married	1,105	570	535	26.6	28.4	24.9
Not married and not living common law - Separated	55	20	35	1.3	1.0	1.6
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	230	85	140	5.5	4.2	6.5
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	145	15	125	3.5	0.7	5.8
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	1,490	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	635	...	...	42.6	...	...
3 persons	320	...	...	21.5	...	...
4 persons	390	...	...	26.2	...	...
5 or more persons	145	...	...	9.7	...	...
Average size of census families	3.1	...	...	3.1	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	1,490	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	1,300	...	...	87.2	...	...
Married couples	1,110	...	...	74.5	...	...
With children⁶	685	...	...	46.0	...	...
Without children	425	...	...	28.5	...	...
Common-law couples	185	...	...	12.4	...	...
With children⁶	90	...	...	6.0	...	...
Without children	95	...	...	6.4	...	...
Total one-parent families	190	...	...	12.8	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	165	...	...	11.1	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	25	...	...	1.7	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	5,110	2,530	2,575	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	4,540	2,265	2,275	88.8	89.5	88.3
Married spouses or common-law partners	2,600	1,300	1,295	50.9	51.4	50.3
Parents in one-parent families	190	25	165	3.7	1.0	6.4
Children⁶	1,755	940	815	34.3	37.2	31.7
In a two-parent family	1,470	785	680	28.8	31.0	26.4
In a one-parent family	290	155	135	5.7	6.1	5.2
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	565	265	305	11.1	10.5	11.8
Living alone	415	185	230	8.1	7.3	8.9
Living with other relatives⁷	60	30	30	1.2	1.2	1.2
Living with non-relatives only	95	50	45	1.9	2.0	1.7
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	1,940	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	1,440	...	...	74.2	...	...
Couple-family households	1,260	...	...	64.9	...	...
With children⁶	755	...	...	38.9	...	...
Without children	500	...	...	25.8	...	...
One-parent-family households	180	...	...	9.3	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	10	...	...	0.5	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	5	...	...	0.3	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	30	...	...	1.5	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	50	...	...	2.6	...	...
One-person households	415	...	...	21.4	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	4,155	2,010	2,145	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,005	1,940	2,065	96.4	96.5	96.3
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	54,400	58,400	50,400	54,400	58,400	50,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,005	1,940	2,065	96.4	96.5	96.3
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,000	49,200	42,800	46,000	49,200	42,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	3,760	1,835	1,925	90.5	91.3	89.7
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	48,000	54,800	42,000	48,000	54,800	42,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	3,035	1,530	1,505	73.0	76.1	70.2
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	50,000	56,400	43,600	50,000	56,400	43,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,915	1,255	1,660	70.2	62.4	77.4
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,200	10,300	10,100	10,200	10,300	10,100
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	255	100	150	6.1	5.0	7.0
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,040	5,760	6,450	6,040	5,760	6,450
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,135	565	570	27.3	28.1	26.6
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	4,155	2,010	2,145	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	3,990	1,915	2,070	96.0	95.3	96.5
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	88,100	102,600	74,700	88,100	102,600	74,700
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	3,990	1,915	2,070	96.0	95.3	96.5
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	62,050	69,900	54,800	62,050	69,900	54,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	3,770	1,825	1,950	90.7	90.8	90.9
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	84,200	100,200	69,300	84,200	100,200	69,300
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	3,035	1,535	1,500	73.0	76.4	69.9
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	85,200	97,400	72,800	85,200	97,400	72,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,880	1,220	1,665	69.3	60.7	77.6
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,590	11,180	11,880	11,590	11,180	11,880
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	245	90	155	5.9	4.5	7.2
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,040	4,700	6,800	6,040	4,700	6,800
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,210	605	605	29.1	30.1	28.2
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,500	8,320	8,640	8,500	8,320	8,640
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	4,155	2,010	2,145	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	1,540	855	685	37.1	42.5	31.9
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	99,000	122,000	89,000	99,000	122,000	89,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	136,600	151,200	118,200	136,600	151,200	118,200
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	1,140	540	600	27.4	26.9	28.0
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	15,000	16,000	14,500	15,000	16,000	14,500
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	35,200	32,800	37,400	35,200	32,800	37,400
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	90.4	93.0	87.2	90.4	93.0	87.2
Employment income (%)¹⁹	73.6	76.0	70.6	73.6	76.0	70.6
Government transfers (%)²⁰	9.5	7.0	12.8	9.5	7.0	12.8
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.4	0.2	0.7	0.4	0.2	0.7
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	3.2	2.7	3.8	3.2	2.7	3.8
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	2.9	2.6	3.4	2.9	2.6	3.4
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	4,155	2,010	2,145	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	145	65	80	3.5	3.2	3.7
With total income	4,010	1,945	2,065	96.5	96.8	96.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	390	180	210	9.7	9.3	10.2
$10,000 to $19,999	420	205	215	10.5	10.5	10.4
$20,000 to $29,999	440	195	250	11.0	10.0	12.1
$30,000 to $39,999	330	150	185	8.2	7.7	9.0
$40,000 to $49,999	310	140	170	7.7	7.2	8.2
$50,000 to $59,999	265	130	135	6.6	6.7	6.5
$60,000 to $69,999	255	90	165	6.4	4.6	8.0
$70,000 to $79,999	205	80	125	5.1	4.1	6.1
$80,000 to $89,999	165	70	90	4.1	3.6	4.4
$90,000 to $99,999	180	80	100	4.5	4.1	4.8
$100,000 and over	1,040	625	410	25.9	32.1	19.9
$100,000 to $149,999	450	235	215	11.2	12.1	10.4
$150,000 and over	590	395	195	14.7	20.3	9.4
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	4,155	2,010	2,145	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	145	65	80	3.5	3.2	3.7
With after-tax income	4,010	1,945	2,065	96.5	96.8	96.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	430	200	230	10.7	10.3	11.1
$10,000 to $19,999	445	215	230	11.1	11.1	11.1
$20,000 to $29,999	510	225	285	12.7	11.6	13.8
$30,000 to $39,999	430	185	240	10.7	9.5	11.6
$40,000 to $49,999	350	160	190	8.7	8.2	9.2
$50,000 to $59,999	355	140	215	8.9	7.2	10.4
$60,000 to $69,999	250	110	140	6.2	5.7	6.8
$70,000 to $79,999	270	110	165	6.7	5.7	8.0
$80,000 to $89,999	165	75	90	4.1	3.9	4.4
$90,000 to $99,999	150	85	60	3.7	4.4	2.9
$100,000 and over	660	435	225	16.5	22.4	10.9
$100,000 to $124,999	245	160	85	6.1	8.2	4.1
$125,000 and over	415	270	140	10.3	13.9	6.8
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	4,155	2,010	2,145	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	1,120	485	635	27.0	24.1	29.6
With employment income	3,035	1,525	1,505	73.0	75.9	70.2
Under $5,000 (including loss)	485	250	230	16.0	16.4	15.3
$5,000 to $9,999	255	120	135	8.4	7.9	9.0
$10,000 to $19,999	280	115	165	9.2	7.5	11.0
$20,000 to $29,999	170	75	100	5.6	4.9	6.6
$30,000 to $39,999	165	85	80	5.4	5.6	5.3
$40,000 to $49,999	165	70	90	5.4	4.6	6.0
$50,000 to $59,999	165	75	90	5.4	4.9	6.0
$60,000 to $69,999	135	50	85	4.4	3.3	5.6
$70,000 to $79,999	140	65	70	4.6	4.3	4.7
$80,000 to $89,999	135	60	75	4.4	3.9	5.0
$90,000 to $99,999	115	60	50	3.8	3.9	3.3
$100,000 and over	835	510	330	27.5	33.4	21.9
$100,000 to $124,999	220	110	110	7.2	7.2	7.3
$125,000 and over	615	395	215	20.3	25.9	14.3
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	4,155	2,010	2,145	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	3,855	1,860	1,995	92.8	92.5	93.0
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	54,400	62,400	48,800	54,400	62,400	48,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	3,855	1,860	1,995	92.8	92.5	93.0
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	45,600	50,800	42,000	45,600	50,800	42,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	3,680	1,790	1,890	88.6	89.1	88.1
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	49,200	58,400	42,400	49,200	58,400	42,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	3,050	1,525	1,525	73.4	75.9	71.1
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	48,400	57,200	41,600	48,400	57,200	41,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,575	1,075	1,500	62.0	53.5	69.9
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,000	3,840	6,400	5,000	3,840	6,400
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	225	85	140	5.4	4.2	6.5
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,000	4,920	9,900	7,000	4,920	9,900
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	4,155	2,010	2,145	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	3,830	1,850	1,975	92.2	92.0	92.1
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	86,300	102,600	71,100	86,300	102,600	71,100
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	3,830	1,850	1,975	92.2	92.0	92.1
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	60,700	69,800	52,250	60,700	69,800	52,250
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	3,660	1,780	1,880	88.1	88.6	87.6
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	84,300	102,200	67,400	84,300	102,200	67,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	3,025	1,510	1,525	72.8	75.1	71.1
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	82,500	98,000	67,200	82,500	98,000	67,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,550	1,045	1,505	61.4	52.0	70.2
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,520	7,760	9,040	8,520	7,760	9,040
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	250	90	155	6.0	4.5	7.2
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,600	5,000	10,600	8,600	5,000	10,600
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	4,155	2,010	2,145	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	1,520	840	680	36.6	41.8	31.7
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	96,000	121,000	83,000	96,000	121,000	83,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	129,200	147,600	106,400	129,200	147,600	106,400
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	1,070	485	580	25.8	24.1	27.0
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	18,800	19,800	18,800	18,800	19,800	18,800
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	39,400	40,800	38,200	39,400	40,800	38,200
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	93.4	95.8	90.2	93.4	95.8	90.2
Employment income (%)	75.8	77.8	72.8	75.8	77.8	72.8
Government transfers (%)	6.6	4.3	9.7	6.6	4.3	9.7
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.6	0.2	1.2	0.6	0.2	1.2
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	1,940	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	127,000	...	...	127,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	101,000	...	...	101,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	415	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	46,000	...	...	46,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	39,600	...	...	39,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	1,530	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	155,000	...	...	155,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	123,000	...	...	123,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	1,945	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	180,800	...	...	180,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	127,300	...	...	127,300	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	420	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	60,000	...	...	60,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	41,000	...	...	41,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	1,520	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	214,000	...	...	214,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	151,200	...	...	151,200	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	1,940	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	15	...	...	0.8	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...	0.3	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	20	...	...	1.0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	35	...	...	1.8	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	45	...	...	2.3	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	35	...	...	1.8	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	30	...	...	1.5	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	50	...	...	2.6	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	55	...	...	2.8	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	45	...	...	2.3	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	105	...	...	5.4	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	95	...	...	4.9	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	70	...	...	3.6	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	95	...	...	4.9	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	85	...	...	4.4	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,155	...	...	59.5	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	165	...	...	8.5	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	155	...	...	8.0	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	235	...	...	12.1	...	...
$200,000 and over	605	...	...	31.2	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	1,940	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	35	...	...	1.8	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...	0.3	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	20	...	...	1.0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	35	...	...	1.8	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	50	...	...	2.6	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	40	...	...	2.1	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	45	...	...	2.3	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	60	...	...	3.1	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	50	...	...	2.6	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	65	...	...	3.4	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	130	...	...	6.7	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	100	...	...	5.2	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	115	...	...	5.9	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	115	...	...	5.9	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	95	...	...	4.9	...	...
$100,000 and over	985	...	...	50.8	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	215	...	...	11.1	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	170	...	...	8.8	...	...
$150,000 and over	605	...	...	31.2	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	1,500	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	156,000	...	...	156,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	124,000	...	...	124,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.1	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	510	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	128,000	...	...	128,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	101,000	...	...	101,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	775	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	212,000	...	...	212,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	160,000	...	...	160,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	190	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	82,000	...	...	82,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	70,500	...	...	70,500	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	505	235	275	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	43,200	40,800	48,000	43,200	40,800	48,000
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	38,000	35,200	41,200	38,000	35,200	41,200
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	1,495	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	214,600	...	...	214,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	151,400	...	...	151,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	515	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	171,000	...	...	171,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	118,800	...	...	118,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	770	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	270,500	...	...	270,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	190,400	...	...	190,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	180	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	98,000	...	...	98,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	76,500	...	...	76,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	520	250	265	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	60,000	51,600	68,000	60,000	51,600	68,000
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	41,400	29,800	52,400	41,400	29,800	52,400
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	5,105	2,530	2,575	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	1,175	630	540	23.0	24.9	21.0
0 to 5 years	325	170	160	6.4	6.7	6.2
18 to 64 years	2,990	1,450	1,545	58.6	57.3	60.0
65 years and over	945	445	495	18.5	17.6	19.2
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	360	170	190	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	75	40	35	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	15	10	10	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	210	100	105	...	...	...
65 years and over	80	35	50	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	7.1	6.8	7.4	7.1	6.8	7.4
0 to 17 years (%)	6.2	6.0	6.4	6.2	6.0	6.4
0 to 5 years (%)	5.0	5.0	6.0	5.0	5.0	6.0
18 to 64 years (%)	7.0	7.0	6.9	7.0	7.0	6.9
65 years and over (%)	8.8	7.2	10.0	8.8	7.2	10.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	5,110	2,530	2,575	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	1,175	630	540	23.0	24.9	21.0
0 to 5 years	330	170	155	6.5	6.7	6.0
18 to 64 years	2,995	1,450	1,540	58.6	57.3	59.8
65 years and over	940	445	495	18.4	17.6	19.2
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	245	125	120	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	40	20	20	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	10	5	5	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	165	90	75	...	...	...
65 years and over	40	20	25	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	4.8	4.9	4.7	4.8	4.9	4.7
0 to 17 years (%)	3.4	3.2	3.6	3.4	3.2	3.6
0 to 5 years (%)	3.6	4.0	4.0	3.6	4.0	4.0
18 to 64 years (%)	5.4	6.0	4.8	5.4	6.0	4.8
65 years and over (%)	4.4	3.6	5.2	4.4	3.6	5.2
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	5,105	2,530	2,575	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	1,580	770	810	31.0	30.4	31.5
In bottom decile	310	155	160	6.1	6.1	6.2
In second decile	330	150	180	6.5	5.9	7.0
In third decile	320	165	160	6.3	6.5	6.2
In fourth decile	345	175	170	6.8	6.9	6.6
In fifth decile	270	130	140	5.3	5.1	5.4
In top half of the distribution	3,530	1,765	1,765	69.1	69.8	68.5
In sixth decile	385	190	200	7.5	7.5	7.8
In seventh decile	390	195	190	7.6	7.7	7.4
In eighth decile	525	260	260	10.3	10.3	10.1
In ninth decile	730	355	370	14.3	14.0	14.4
In top decile	1,500	760	740	29.4	30.0	28.7
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	5,110	...	...	5,110	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.414	...	...	0.414	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.479	...	...	0.479	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.356	...	...	0.356	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	4.8	...	...	4.8	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	5,110	2,530	2,575	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	1,055	520	530	20.6	20.6	20.6
French only	100	40	60	2.0	1.6	2.3
English and French	3,925	1,955	1,970	76.8	77.3	76.5
Neither English nor French	25	5	15	0.5	0.2	0.6
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	5,110	2,530	2,575	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	3,775	1,880	1,900	73.9	74.3	73.8
French	980	485	500	19.2	19.2	19.4
English and French	325	160	165	6.4	6.3	6.4
Neither English nor French	20	5	15	0.4	0.2	0.6
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	5,110	2,530	2,575	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	4,775	2,360	2,415	93.4	93.3	93.8
Official languages	3,750	1,865	1,885	73.4	73.7	73.2
English	2,875	1,435	1,445	56.3	56.7	56.1
French	875	430	440	17.1	17.0	17.1
Non-official languages	1,020	490	530	20.0	19.4	20.6
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,020	490	530	20.0	19.4	20.6
Afro-Asiatic languages	70	40	30	1.4	1.6	1.2
Berber languages	5	5	5	0.1	0.2	0.2
Kabyle	5	5	5	0.1	0.2	0.2
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	65	40	30	1.3	1.6	1.2
Amharic	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.2
Arabic	50	30	20	1.0	1.2	0.8
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	10	10	5	0.2	0.4	0.2
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	5	5	0.1	0.2	0.2
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	5	5	5	0.1	0.2	0.2
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	30	10	20	0.6	0.4	0.8
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	25	5	15	0.5	0.2	0.6
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	5	5	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	10	5	10	0.2	0.2	0.4
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	5	5	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	725	350	370	14.2	13.8	14.4
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	5	5	5	0.1	0.2	0.2
Balto-Slavic languages	125	45	75	2.4	1.8	2.9
Baltic languages	5	5	5	0.1	0.2	0.2
Latvian	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.2
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	120	50	75	2.3	2.0	2.9
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	45	15	25	0.9	0.6	1.0
Russian	50	20	25	1.0	0.8	1.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	10	5	10	0.2	0.2	0.4
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	10	5	5	0.2	0.2	0.2
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	10	5	5	0.2	0.2	0.2
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	60	30	30	1.2	1.2	1.2
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	45	25	20	0.9	1.0	0.8
German	25	15	15	0.5	0.6	0.6
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	15	5	10	0.3	0.2	0.4
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	10	5	5	0.2	0.2	0.2
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	10	5	5	0.2	0.2	0.2
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	10	5	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	5	5	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Swedish	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.2
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	35	20	15	0.7	0.8	0.6
Indo-Iranian languages	110	60	55	2.2	2.4	2.1
Indo-Aryan languages	40	25	10	0.8	1.0	0.4
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	10	0	5	0.2	0.0	0.2
Gujarati	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.2
Hindi	10	5	5	0.2	0.2	0.2
Kacchi	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	70	35	35	1.4	1.4	1.4
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	70	35	35	1.4	1.4	1.4
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	60	30	25	1.2	1.2	1.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	10	5	10	0.2	0.2	0.4
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	380	190	190	7.4	7.5	7.4
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	215	110	105	4.2	4.3	4.1
Portuguese	40	10	25	0.8	0.4	1.0
Romanian	30	10	20	0.6	0.4	0.8
Spanish	100	50	50	2.0	2.0	1.9
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Korean	30	15	15	0.6	0.6	0.6
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	15	5	10	0.3	0.2	0.4
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.2
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	5	0	0.0	0.2	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	85	40	45	1.7	1.6	1.7
Chinese languages	85	40	45	1.7	1.6	1.7
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	50	20	30	1.0	0.8	1.2
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	30	15	15	0.6	0.6	0.6
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.2
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	5	5	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	5	5	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	25	10	15	0.5	0.4	0.6
Estonian	5	5	5	0.1	0.2	0.2
Finnish	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	20	10	15	0.4	0.4	0.6
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	335	170	165	6.6	6.7	6.4
English and French	180	85	95	3.5	3.4	3.7
English and non-official language(s)	100	55	45	2.0	2.2	1.7
French and non-official language(s)	20	15	10	0.4	0.6	0.4
English, French and non-official language(s)	30	10	20	0.6	0.4	0.8
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	5	0.1	0.2	0.2
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	5,110	2,530	2,575	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	2,965	1,460	1,500	58.0	57.7	58.3
French	545	270	275	10.7	10.7	10.7
Non-official language	190	95	95	3.7	3.8	3.7
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	190	95	95	3.7	3.8	3.7
English and French	665	330	335	13.0	13.0	13.0
English and non-official language(s)	385	195	190	7.5	7.7	7.4
French and non-official language(s)	60	30	30	1.2	1.2	1.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	280	140	135	5.5	5.5	5.2
Multiple non-official languages	10	5	5	0.2	0.2	0.2
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	5,110	2,530	2,575	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	4,760	2,360	2,400	93.2	93.3	93.2
Official languages	4,385	2,175	2,210	85.8	86.0	85.8
English	3,660	1,830	1,835	71.6	72.3	71.3
French	720	345	375	14.1	13.6	14.6
Non-official languages	370	180	195	7.2	7.1	7.6
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	370	180	195	7.2	7.1	7.6
Afro-Asiatic languages	25	15	10	0.5	0.6	0.4
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	25	15	10	0.5	0.6	0.4
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	20	10	5	0.4	0.4	0.2
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	5	5	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	5	5	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	240	115	125	4.7	4.5	4.9
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.2
Balto-Slavic languages	45	15	30	0.9	0.6	1.2
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	45	15	30	0.9	0.6	1.2
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	15	5	10	0.3	0.2	0.4
Russian	20	10	15	0.4	0.4	0.6
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	5	5	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	5	5	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	15	5	5	0.3	0.2	0.2
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	5	5	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
German	5	5	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.2
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	75	40	35	1.5	1.6	1.4
Indo-Aryan languages	20	15	5	0.4	0.6	0.2
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	5	5	5	0.1	0.2	0.2
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	5	5	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	50	25	25	1.0	1.0	1.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	55	25	25	1.1	1.0	1.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	45	20	20	0.9	0.8	0.8
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	10	0	5	0.2	0.0	0.2
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	105	45	55	2.1	1.8	2.1
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	40	15	25	0.8	0.6	1.0
Portuguese	10	5	10	0.2	0.2	0.4
Romanian	5	5	5	0.1	0.2	0.2
Spanish	45	20	20	0.9	0.8	0.8
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	20	10	15	0.4	0.4	0.6
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	60	30	35	1.2	1.2	1.4
Chinese languages	60	30	35	1.2	1.2	1.4
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	45	20	25	0.9	0.8	1.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	15	10	5	0.3	0.4	0.2
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	350	175	175	6.8	6.9	6.8
English and French	200	100	105	3.9	4.0	4.1
English and non-official language(s)	90	40	45	1.8	1.6	1.7
French and non-official language(s)	25	10	15	0.5	0.4	0.6
English, French and non-official language(s)	35	15	20	0.7	0.6	0.8
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	5,110	2,530	2,575	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	3,980	1,965	2,015	77.9	77.7	78.3
English	230	105	125	4.5	4.2	4.9
French	400	200	195	7.8	7.9	7.6
Non-official language	275	135	140	5.4	5.3	5.4
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	275	135	140	5.4	5.3	5.4
English and French	50	25	25	1.0	1.0	1.0
English and non-official language(s)	30	10	15	0.6	0.4	0.6
French and non-official language(s)	120	65	55	2.3	2.6	2.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.2
Multiple non-official languages	20	10	10	0.4	0.4	0.4
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	5,105	2,530	2,575	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	5,105	2,530	2,575	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	4,990	2,495	2,500	97.7	98.6	97.1
French	4,035	1,965	2,075	79.0	77.7	80.6
Non-official languages	1,890	920	970	37.0	36.4	37.7
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,890	920	970	37.0	36.4	37.7
Afro-Asiatic languages	240	120	120	4.7	4.7	4.7
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	235	120	115	4.6	4.7	4.5
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	145	70	75	2.8	2.8	2.9
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	90	50	35	1.8	2.0	1.4
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	45	20	25	0.9	0.8	1.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	40	20	20	0.8	0.8	0.8
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	10	10	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	20	10	10	0.4	0.4	0.4
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,475	725	750	28.9	28.7	29.1
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	10	10	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	165	65	100	3.2	2.6	3.9
Baltic languages	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	155	60	95	3.0	2.4	3.7
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	60	20	35	1.2	0.8	1.4
Russian	60	30	35	1.2	1.2	1.4
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	30	10	20	0.6	0.4	0.8
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	30	10	20	0.6	0.4	0.8
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	145	85	60	2.8	3.4	2.3
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	105	60	45	2.1	2.4	1.7
German	95	60	30	1.9	2.4	1.2
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	15	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.6
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	10	10	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	25	10	10	0.5	0.4	0.4
Danish	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	60	15	45	1.2	0.6	1.7
Indo-Iranian languages	270	155	115	5.3	6.1	4.5
Indo-Aryan languages	105	60	40	2.1	2.4	1.6
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Hindi	80	60	20	1.6	2.4	0.8
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	15	10	10	0.3	0.4	0.4
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	165	95	75	3.2	3.8	2.9
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	165	95	75	3.2	3.8	2.9
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	135	70	65	2.6	2.8	2.5
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	30	20	10	0.6	0.8	0.4
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	910	435	480	17.8	17.2	18.6
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	475	250	230	9.3	9.9	8.9
Portuguese	45	15	30	0.9	0.6	1.2
Romanian	60	30	25	1.2	1.2	1.0
Spanish	425	185	240	8.3	7.3	9.3
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	20	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.4
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	65	20	50	1.3	0.8	1.9
Akan (Twi)	20	0	15	0.4	0.0	0.6
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	65	35	30	1.3	1.4	1.2
Chinese languages	65	35	30	1.3	1.4	1.2
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	45	25	25	0.9	1.0	1.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	25	20	15	0.5	0.8	0.6
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	45	20	30	0.9	0.8	1.2
Estonian	20	10	0	0.4	0.4	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	25	0	20	0.5	0.0	0.8
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	5,105	2,530	2,575	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	25	10	20	0.5	0.4	0.8
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	25	10	20	0.5	0.4	0.8
First Nations (North American Indian)	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Métis	20	0	15	0.4	0.0	0.6
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous identity	5,085	2,520	2,560	99.6	99.6	99.4
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	5,105	2,530	2,575	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	5,105	2,525	2,575	100.0	99.8	100.0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	1,945	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	1,430	...	...	73.5	...	...
Renter	515	...	...	26.5	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	1,945	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	75	...	...	3.9	...	...
Not condominium	1,865	...	...	95.9	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	1,945	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
1 bedroom	110	...	...	5.7	...	...
2 bedrooms	325	...	...	16.7	...	...
3 bedrooms	675	...	...	34.7	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	835	...	...	42.9	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	1,945	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	285	...	...	14.7	...	...
5 rooms	270	...	...	13.9	...	...
6 rooms	210	...	...	10.8	...	...
7 rooms	275	...	...	14.1	...	...
8 or more rooms	900	...	...	46.3	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	7.2	...	...	7.2	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	1,945	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	1,925	...	...	99.0	...	...
More than one person per room	15	...	...	0.8	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	1,945	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	1,880	...	...	96.7	...	...
Not suitable	60	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	1,945	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	1,430	...	...	73.5	...	...
1961 to 1980	340	...	...	17.5	...	...
1981 to 1990	40	...	...	2.1	...	...
1991 to 2000	20	...	...	1.0	...	...
2001 to 2005	20	...	...	1.0	...	...
2006 to 2010	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
2011 to 2015	15	...	...	0.8	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	85	...	...	4.4	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	1,945	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	1,745	...	...	89.7	...	...
Major repairs needed	200	...	...	10.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	1,945	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	835	...	...	42.9	...	...
Two-maintainer household	1,075	...	...	55.3	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	40	...	...	2.1	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	1,945	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	40	...	...	2.1	...	...
25 to 34 years	135	...	...	6.9	...	...
35 to 44 years	295	...	...	15.2	...	...
45 to 54 years	485	...	...	24.9	...	...
55 to 64 years	385	...	...	19.8	...	...
65 to 74 years	350	...	...	18.0	...	...
75 to 84 years	200	...	...	10.3	...	...
85 years and over	55	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	1,940	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	1,525	...	...	78.6	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	415	...	...	21.4	...	...
30% to less than 100%	355	...	...	18.3	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	1,945	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	615	...	...	31.6	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	370	...	...	19.0	...	...
Not suitable only	35	...	...	1.8	...	...
Major repairs needed only	150	...	...	7.7	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	15	...	...	0.8	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	30	...	...	1.5	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	15	...	...	0.8	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	1,330	...	...	68.4	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	1,875	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	85	...	...	4.5	...	...
Not in core need	1,790	...	...	95.5	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,430	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	53.8	...	...	53.8	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	16.2	...	...	16.2	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,620	...	...	1,620	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	2,074	...	...	2,074	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	870,000	...	...	870,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	920,000	...	...	920,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	515	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	36.9	...	...	36.9	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	14.7	...	...	14.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,140	...	...	1,140	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,285	...	...	1,285	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	5,110	2,530	2,580	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	15	0	0	0.3	0.0	0.0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	15	0	0	0.3	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	40	10	35	0.8	0.4	1.4
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	40	10	35	0.8	0.4	1.4
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	35	10	30	0.7	0.4	1.2
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	5,055	2,515	2,540	98.9	99.4	98.4
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	5,105	2,530	2,580	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	4,765	2,370	2,390	93.3	93.7	92.6
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,150	625	525	22.5	24.7	20.3
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	3,610	1,745	1,865	70.7	69.0	72.3
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	345	155	185	6.8	6.1	7.2
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	5,105	2,530	2,580	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	3,665	1,845	1,825	71.8	72.9	70.7
Immigrants⁸¹	1,280	605	675	25.1	23.9	26.2
Before 1980	475	230	245	9.3	9.1	9.5
1980 to 1990	145	85	55	2.8	3.4	2.1
1991 to 2000	225	90	130	4.4	3.6	5.0
2001 to 2010	235	110	125	4.6	4.3	4.8
2011 to 2021⁸²	200	85	110	3.9	3.4	4.3
2011 to 2015	110	50	60	2.2	2.0	2.3
2016 to 2021	90	35	55	1.8	1.4	2.1
Non-permanent residents⁸³	165	85	80	3.2	3.4	3.1
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	1,275	605	670	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	140	70	75	11.0	11.6	11.2
5 to 14 years	205	105	105	16.1	17.4	15.7
15 to 24 years	245	90	150	19.2	14.9	22.4
25 to 44 years	635	315	315	49.8	52.1	47.0
45 years and over	50	25	25	3.9	4.1	3.7
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	1,275	605	670	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	230	95	130	18.0	15.7	19.4
Brazil	25	10	20	2.0	1.7	3.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
El Salvador	10	0	0	0.8	0.0	0.0
Guyana	10	10	0	0.8	1.7	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	20	10	10	1.6	1.7	1.5
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	20	10	15	1.6	1.7	2.2
United States of America	70	35	30	5.5	5.8	4.5
Other places of birth in Americas	65	15	40	5.1	2.5	6.0
Europe	530	270	260	41.6	44.6	38.8
Bosnia and Herzegovina	10	0	10	0.8	0.0	1.5
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	115	70	45	9.0	11.6	6.7
Germany	30	20	15	2.4	3.3	2.2
Greece	15	10	0	1.2	1.7	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	135	70	60	10.6	11.6	9.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	35	10	20	2.7	1.7	3.0
Portugal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	35	15	15	2.7	2.5	2.2
Russian Federation	10	0	10	0.8	0.0	1.5
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	105	55	50	8.2	9.1	7.5
Other places of birth in Europe	20	15	0	1.6	2.5	0.0
Africa	150	55	100	11.8	9.1	14.9
Algeria	10	0	10	0.8	0.0	1.5
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	25	15	15	2.0	2.5	2.2
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	15	0	15	1.2	0.0	2.2
Morocco	30	15	15	2.4	2.5	2.2
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	15	10	0	1.2	1.7	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	65	20	40	5.1	3.3	6.0
Asia	355	170	190	27.8	28.1	28.4
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	100	60	45	7.8	9.9	6.7
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	35	15	20	2.7	2.5	3.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	30	15	20	2.4	2.5	3.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	15	10	0	1.2	1.7	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	30	10	20	2.4	1.7	3.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	35	15	20	2.7	2.5	3.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	55	30	25	4.3	5.0	3.7
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	10	10	0	0.8	1.7	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	95	40	55	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	10	0	10	10.5	0.0	18.2
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	25	10	10	26.3	25.0	18.2
France	15	0	10	15.8	0.0	18.2
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	30	15	20	31.6	37.5	36.4
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	30	15	15	31.6	37.5	27.3
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	5,105	2,530	2,575	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	1,555	755	800	30.5	29.8	31.1
Second generation¹⁰¹	1,450	730	715	28.4	28.9	27.8
Third generation or more¹⁰²	2,105	1,050	1,065	41.2	41.5	41.4
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	805	375	430	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	445	210	235	55.3	56.0	54.7
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	205	130	75	25.5	34.7	17.4
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	240	80	160	29.8	21.3	37.2
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	195	105	95	24.2	28.0	22.1
Refugees¹⁰⁸	145	55	90	18.0	14.7	20.9
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	20	0	0	2.5	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	805	375	430	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	100	45	65	12.4	12.0	15.1
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	185	80	100	23.0	21.3	23.3
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	30	10	20	3.7	2.7	4.7
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	75	35	35	9.3	9.3	8.1
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	410	195	205	50.9	52.0	47.7
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	5,105	2,530	2,575	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	930	445	485	18.2	17.6	18.8
South Asian	180	95	85	3.5	3.8	3.3
Chinese	85	40	45	1.7	1.6	1.7
Black	220	105	115	4.3	4.2	4.5
Filipino	60	25	35	1.2	1.0	1.4
Arab	65	30	40	1.3	1.2	1.6
Latin American	85	45	40	1.7	1.8	1.6
Southeast Asian	40	15	25	0.8	0.6	1.0
West Asian	145	70	75	2.8	2.8	2.9
Korean	15	0	0	0.3	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	15	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.6
Multiple visible minorities	25	15	0	0.5	0.6	0.0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	4,170	2,080	2,090	81.7	82.2	81.2
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	5,105	2,530	2,575	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	595	310	280	11.7	12.3	10.9
English	435	210	225	8.5	8.3	8.7
Irish	845	370	475	16.6	14.6	18.4
Scottish	655	305	355	12.8	12.1	13.8
French, n.o.s.¹²²	905	470	435	17.7	18.6	16.9
German	265	110	150	5.2	4.3	5.8
Chinese	100	50	50	2.0	2.0	1.9
Italian	730	395	345	14.3	15.6	13.4
Indian (India)	145	80	65	2.8	3.2	2.5
Ukrainian	120	55	65	2.4	2.2	2.5
Dutch	50	30	15	1.0	1.2	0.6
Polish	340	135	200	6.7	5.3	7.8
Québécois	100	50	50	2.0	2.0	1.9
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	190	95	100	3.7	3.8	3.9
Filipino	50	25	25	1.0	1.0	1.0
French Canadian	145	65	75	2.8	2.6	2.9
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	35	10	25	0.7	0.4	1.0
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	15	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.4
Métis	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	40	25	20	0.8	1.0	0.8
Russian	190	75	115	3.7	3.0	4.5
Norwegian	10	10	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Welsh	45	30	10	0.9	1.2	0.4
Portuguese	40	15	30	0.8	0.6	1.2
American	80	40	40	1.6	1.6	1.6
Spanish	110	45	70	2.2	1.8	2.7
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	65	30	35	1.3	1.2	1.4
Acadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	40	25	15	0.8	1.0	0.6
Jewish	380	200	180	7.4	7.9	7.0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	35	15	20	0.7	0.6	0.8
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	20	0	15	0.4	0.0	0.6
Greek	125	65	60	2.4	2.6	2.3
Jamaican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	20	10	10	0.4	0.4	0.4
Romanian	115	40	75	2.3	1.6	2.9
Lebanese	120	60	60	2.4	2.4	2.3
Iranian	120	60	60	2.4	2.4	2.3
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	45	25	20	0.9	1.0	0.8
Danish	50	15	35	1.0	0.6	1.4
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
Belgian	30	10	20	0.6	0.4	0.8
Haitian	30	25	0	0.6	1.0	0.0
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	40	25	15	0.8	1.0	0.6
Mennonite	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	15	15	0	0.3	0.6	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	30	20	10	0.6	0.8	0.4
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	25	10	15	0.5	0.4	0.6
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	20	10	10	0.4	0.4	0.4
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	40	25	15	0.8	1.0	0.6
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	10	10	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombian	15	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.6
Moroccan	100	60	40	2.0	2.4	1.6
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syrian	15	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.4
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	55	45	15	1.1	1.8	0.6
Ojibway	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Newfoundlander	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Persian	35	10	15	0.7	0.4	0.6
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	15	0	0	0.3	0.0	0.0
Turkish	15	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.6
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	20	15	0	0.4	0.6	0.0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	10	10	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Slovak	30	10	15	0.6	0.4	0.6
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	55	25	30	1.1	1.0	1.2
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	20	10	10	0.4	0.4	0.4
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	40	25	10	0.8	1.0	0.4
South African	15	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.6
Australian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	15	15	0	0.3	0.6	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	30	25	0	0.6	1.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	15	10	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	15	10	10	0.3	0.4	0.4
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	15	10	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	20	10	0	0.4	0.4	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	15	10	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	5,105	2,530	2,575	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	45	20	25	0.9	0.8	1.0
Christian	2,760	1,320	1,435	54.1	52.2	55.7
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	240	120	120	4.7	4.7	4.7
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	225	90	130	4.4	3.6	5.0
Baptist	15	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.4
Catholic	1,765	840	915	34.6	33.2	35.5
Christian Orthodox	205	100	110	4.0	4.0	4.3
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lutheran	40	15	30	0.8	0.6	1.2
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Presbyterian	70	25	35	1.4	1.0	1.4
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	95	50	40	1.9	2.0	1.6
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	110	60	45	2.2	2.4	1.7
Hindu	80	65	15	1.6	2.6	0.6
Jewish	680	315	365	13.3	12.5	14.2
Muslim	180	80	105	3.5	3.2	4.1
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	45	15	30	0.9	0.6	1.2
No religion and secular perspectives	1,310	710	600	25.7	28.1	23.3
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	5,045	2,495	2,550	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	4,630	2,270	2,360	91.8	91.0	92.5
Movers	410	225	185	8.1	9.0	7.3
Non-migrants	265	145	120	5.3	5.8	4.7
Migrants	145	80	65	2.9	3.2	2.5
Internal migrants	115	55	60	2.3	2.2	2.4
Intraprovincial migrants	90	45	50	1.8	1.8	2.0
Interprovincial migrants	20	10	15	0.4	0.4	0.6
External migrants	35	30	0	0.7	1.2	0.0
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	4,845	2,385	2,465	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	3,200	1,525	1,675	66.0	63.9	68.0
Movers	1,645	855	790	34.0	35.8	32.0
Non-migrants	235	100	135	4.9	4.2	5.5
Migrants	1,405	755	650	29.0	31.7	26.4
Internal migrants	1,155	620	540	23.8	26.0	21.9
Intraprovincial migrants	1,045	555	490	21.6	23.3	19.9
Interprovincial migrants	110	60	50	2.3	2.5	2.0
External migrants	255	140	115	5.3	5.9	4.7
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	4,155	2,010	2,145	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	390	215	170	9.4	10.7	7.9
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	3,770	1,790	1,970	90.7	89.1	91.8
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	2,500	1,185	1,315	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	80	45	30	3.2	3.8	2.3
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	2,425	1,135	1,285	97.0	95.8	97.7
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	4,155	2,010	2,145	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	360	195	165	8.7	9.7	7.7
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	600	285	315	14.4	14.2	14.7
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,195	1,530	1,670	76.9	76.1	77.9
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	905	455	450	21.8	22.6	21.0
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	180	130	50	4.3	6.5	2.3
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	120	75	45	2.9	3.7	2.1
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	65	55	10	1.6	2.7	0.5
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	625	285	340	15.0	14.2	15.9
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	105	40	65	2.5	2.0	3.0
Bachelor's degree or higher	2,290	1,075	1,215	55.1	53.5	56.6
Bachelor's degree	1,165	540	625	28.0	26.9	29.1
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	175	95	75	4.2	4.7	3.5
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	80	40	40	1.9	2.0	1.9
Master's degree	595	240	360	14.3	11.9	16.8
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	275	160	115	6.6	8.0	5.4
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	2,505	1,180	1,320	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	70	35	35	2.8	3.0	2.7
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	240	135	105	9.6	11.4	8.0
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,200	1,015	1,185	87.8	86.0	89.8
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	515	245	270	20.6	20.8	20.5
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	115	75	40	4.6	6.4	3.0
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	75	45	35	3.0	3.8	2.7
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	40	35	10	1.6	3.0	0.8
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	310	140	175	12.4	11.9	13.3
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	80	30	50	3.2	2.5	3.8
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,685	770	910	67.3	65.3	68.9
Bachelor's degree	855	405	455	34.1	34.3	34.5
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	145	75	65	5.8	6.4	4.9
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	40	20	25	1.6	1.7	1.9
Master's degree	460	180	280	18.4	15.3	21.2
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	175	85	90	7.0	7.2	6.8
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	4,155	2,010	2,145	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	960	485	480	23.1	24.1	22.4
Education	225	35	200	5.4	1.7	9.3
13. Education	225	35	200	5.4	1.7	9.3
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	190	85	100	4.6	4.2	4.7
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	10	0	0.2	0.5	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	175	70	100	4.2	3.5	4.7
Humanities	245	70	170	5.9	3.5	7.9
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	50	15	35	1.2	0.7	1.6
23. English language and literature/letters	45	10	40	1.1	0.5	1.9
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	60	15	50	1.4	0.7	2.3
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	10	10	0.5	0.5	0.5
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
54. History	30	10	20	0.7	0.5	0.9
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	20	10	10	0.5	0.5	0.5
Social and behavioural sciences and law	610	310	305	14.7	15.4	14.2
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	60	20	40	1.4	1.0	1.9
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	35	0	35	0.8	0.0	1.6
22. Legal professions and studies	130	85	50	3.1	4.2	2.3
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	105	35	70	2.5	1.7	3.3
45. Social sciences	280	160	120	6.7	8.0	5.6
Business, management and public administration	670	325	345	16.1	16.2	16.1
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	20	0	10	0.5	0.0	0.5
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	655	320	340	15.8	15.9	15.9
Physical and life sciences and technologies	235	105	135	5.7	5.2	6.3
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	140	45	90	3.4	2.2	4.2
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	35	15	15	0.8	0.7	0.7
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.5
40. Physical sciences	50	40	0	1.2	2.0	0.0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	140	95	40	3.4	4.7	1.9
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	100	80	15	2.4	4.0	0.7
25. Library science	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.5
27. Mathematics and statistics	30	20	15	0.7	1.0	0.7
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	455	390	65	11.0	19.4	3.0
04. Architecture and related services	50	45	15	1.2	2.2	0.7
14. Engineering	245	200	40	5.9	10.0	1.9
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	45	45	10	1.1	2.2	0.5
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	30	30	0	0.7	1.5	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	65	65	0	1.6	3.2	0.0
48. Precision production	20	15	0	0.5	0.7	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	30	20	15	0.7	1.0	0.7
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	10	10	0	0.2	0.5	0.0
03. Natural resources and conservation	20	0	15	0.5	0.0	0.7
Health and related fields	340	70	270	8.2	3.5	12.6
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	15	0	15	0.4	0.0	0.7
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	265	30	230	6.4	1.5	10.7
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	55	35	20	1.3	1.7	0.9
Personal, protective and transportation services	40	30	15	1.0	1.5	0.7
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	35	20	15	0.8	1.0	0.7
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
49. Transportation and materials moving	10	10	0	0.2	0.5	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	2,500	1,185	1,315	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	305	170	135	12.2	14.3	10.3
Education	135	20	115	5.4	1.7	8.7
13. Education	135	20	115	5.4	1.7	8.7
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	125	60	70	5.0	5.1	5.3
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	10	0	0.4	0.8	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	115	50	70	4.6	4.2	5.3
Humanities	150	40	115	6.0	3.4	8.7
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	35	0	35	1.4	0.0	2.7
23. English language and literature/letters	30	10	20	1.2	0.8	1.5
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	45	0	35	1.8	0.0	2.7
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	10	0	0.4	0.8	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	0	0	0.4	0.0	0.0
54. History	20	0	10	0.8	0.0	0.8
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	10	0	0	0.4	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	445	200	245	17.8	16.9	18.6
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	45	15	30	1.8	1.3	2.3
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	30	0	30	1.2	0.0	2.3
22. Legal professions and studies	95	50	45	3.8	4.2	3.4
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	70	20	50	2.8	1.7	3.8
45. Social sciences	205	115	95	8.2	9.7	7.2
Business, management and public administration	525	240	285	21.0	20.3	21.7
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	10	10	0	0.4	0.8	0.0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	510	235	280	20.4	19.8	21.3
Physical and life sciences and technologies	105	45	70	4.2	3.8	5.3
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	85	30	55	3.4	2.5	4.2
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	10	0	0.4	0.8	0.0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.8
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	105	70	25	4.2	5.9	1.9
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	80	60	20	3.2	5.1	1.5
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	20	15	10	0.8	1.3	0.8
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	315	270	50	12.6	22.8	3.8
04. Architecture and related services	40	30	15	1.6	2.5	1.1
14. Engineering	180	150	30	7.2	12.7	2.3
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	30	25	0	1.2	2.1	0.0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	15	15	0	0.6	1.3	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	40	40	0	1.6	3.4	0.0
48. Precision production	20	10	0	0.8	0.8	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	25	10	15	1.0	0.8	1.1
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	10	10	0	0.4	0.8	0.0
03. Natural resources and conservation	15	0	15	0.6	0.0	1.1
Health and related fields	220	35	190	8.8	3.0	14.4
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	10	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.8
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	170	15	155	6.8	1.3	11.8
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	40	20	20	1.6	1.7	1.5
Personal, protective and transportation services	30	15	15	1.2	1.3	1.1
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	20	10	15	0.8	0.8	1.1
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	2,500	1,185	1,315	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	305	170	135	12.2	14.3	10.3
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	2,195	1,015	1,180	87.8	85.7	89.7
Location of study inside Canada	1,760	830	935	70.4	70.0	71.1
Same as province or territory of residence	1,515	715	800	60.6	60.3	60.8
Different than province or territory of residence	245	110	135	9.8	9.3	10.3
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	430	185	250	17.2	15.6	19.0
Americas	135	55	90	5.4	4.6	6.8
United States of America	95	35	55	3.8	3.0	4.2
Mexico	15	0	15	0.6	0.0	1.1
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	10	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.8
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	15	10	0	0.6	0.8	0.0
Europe	155	75	80	6.2	6.3	6.1
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	65	35	30	2.6	3.0	2.3
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	10	10	0	0.4	0.8	0.0
Russian Federation	10	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.8
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	40	20	20	1.6	1.7	1.5
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	10	0	0	0.4	0.0	0.0
Africa	35	15	20	1.4	1.3	1.5
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	10	10	0	0.4	0.8	0.0
Asia	100	40	60	4.0	3.4	4.6
Iran⁸⁸	20	10	15	0.8	0.8	1.1
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	10	0	0	0.4	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	25	10	15	1.0	0.8	1.1
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	20	10	10	0.8	0.8	0.8
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	4,155	2,010	2,145	...	...	...
In the labour force	2,875	1,500	1,375	...	...	...
Employed	2,625	1,390	1,235	...	...	...
Unemployed	250	110	140	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	1,280	510	765	...	...	...
Participation rate	69.2	74.6	64.1	69.2	74.6	64.1
Employment rate	63.2	69.2	57.6	63.2	69.2	57.6
Unemployment rate	8.7	7.3	10.2	8.7	7.3	10.2
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	4,155	2,010	2,145	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	1,345	550	795	32.4	27.4	37.1
Worked	2,810	1,460	1,350	67.6	72.6	62.9
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	1,595	895	695	38.4	44.5	32.4
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	1,215	565	650	29.2	28.1	30.3
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.7	42.1	41.2	41.7	42.1	41.2
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	2,880	1,500	1,380	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	70	30	40	2.4	2.0	2.9
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	2,810	1,470	1,335	97.6	98.0	96.7
Employee	2,160	1,075	1,085	75.0	71.7	78.6
Permanent position	1,715	870	850	59.5	58.0	61.6
Temporary position	445	205	235	15.5	13.7	17.0
Fixed term (1 year or more)	155	80	80	5.4	5.3	5.8
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	290	130	160	10.1	8.7	11.6
Self-employed¹⁹²	645	390	250	22.4	26.0	18.1
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	2,880	1,500	1,380	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	70	30	40	2.4	2.0	2.9
All occupations¹⁹¹	2,810	1,470	1,335	97.6	98.0	96.7
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	115	100	15	4.0	6.7	1.1
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	560	245	315	19.4	16.3	22.8
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	365	265	100	12.7	17.7	7.2
3 Health occupations	235	60	180	8.2	4.0	13.0
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	495	205	290	17.2	13.7	21.0
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	215	95	115	7.5	6.3	8.3
6 Sales and service occupations	580	285	295	20.1	19.0	21.4
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	195	175	20	6.8	11.7	1.4
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	20	15	0	0.7	1.0	0.0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	25	20	0	0.9	1.3	0.0
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	2,880	1,500	1,380	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	70	30	40	2.4	2.0	2.9
All industries¹⁹¹	2,810	1,470	1,335	97.6	98.0	96.7
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
22 Utilities	10	10	0	0.3	0.7	0.0
23 Construction	110	100	10	3.8	6.7	0.7
31-33 Manufacturing	170	135	30	5.9	9.0	2.2
41 Wholesale trade	140	70	65	4.9	4.7	4.7
44-45 Retail trade	295	150	145	10.2	10.0	10.5
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	90	65	30	3.1	4.3	2.2
51 Information and cultural industries	100	70	30	3.5	4.7	2.2
52 Finance and insurance	205	130	80	7.1	8.7	5.8
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	70	35	30	2.4	2.3	2.2
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	460	280	175	16.0	18.7	12.7
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.7
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	60	40	20	2.1	2.7	1.4
61 Educational services	420	150	275	14.6	10.0	19.9
62 Health care and social assistance	290	80	215	10.1	5.3	15.6
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	90	50	45	3.1	3.3	3.3
72 Accommodation and food services	130	50	75	4.5	3.3	5.4
81 Other services (except public administration)	65	20	50	2.3	1.3	3.6
91 Public administration	80	30	45	2.8	2.0	3.3
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	3,045	1,590	1,455	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	1,045	595	450	34.3	37.4	30.9
French	250	115	130	8.2	7.2	8.9
Non-official language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	1,680	850	830	55.2	53.5	57.0
English and non-official language(s)	25	15	20	0.8	0.9	1.4
French and non-official language(s)	10	0	0	0.3	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	40	15	20	1.3	0.9	1.4
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	3,045	1,590	1,455	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	2,725	1,450	1,275	89.5	91.2	87.6
Official languages	2,715	1,450	1,270	89.2	91.2	87.3
English	2,005	1,095	910	65.8	68.9	62.5
French	710	350	360	23.3	22.0	24.7
Non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	325	140	185	10.7	8.8	12.7
English and French	315	140	175	10.3	8.8	12.0
English and non-official language(s)	10	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.7
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	3,045	1,590	1,455	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	1,615	845	770	53.0	53.1	52.9
English	450	225	220	14.8	14.2	15.1
French	915	485	435	30.0	30.5	29.9
Non-official language	25	15	15	0.8	0.9	1.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	25	15	15	0.8	0.9	1.0
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	15	10	0	0.5	0.6	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	20	0	15	0.7	0.0	1.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	2,625	1,390	1,235	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	1,060	565	495	40.4	40.6	40.1
Worked outside Canada	20	15	10	0.8	1.1	0.8
No fixed workplace address	235	175	55	9.0	12.6	4.5
Usual place of work	1,315	635	680	50.1	45.7	55.1
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	1,315	635	680	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	180	60	115	13.7	9.4	16.9
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,075	525	550	81.7	82.7	80.9
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	65	45	20	4.9	7.1	2.9
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	1,550	810	735	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	1,030	565	470	66.5	69.8	63.9
Car, truck or van - as a driver	925	540	395	59.7	66.7	53.7
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	105	30	75	6.8	3.7	10.2
Public transit	305	160	145	19.7	19.8	19.7
Walked	100	45	60	6.5	5.6	8.2
Bicycle	75	35	40	4.8	4.3	5.4
Other method	35	15	20	2.3	1.9	2.7
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	1,550	810	735	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	330	135	195	21.3	16.7	26.5
15 to 29 minutes	615	325	290	39.7	40.1	39.5
30 to 44 minutes	385	220	160	24.8	27.2	21.8
45 to 59 minutes	120	75	45	7.7	9.3	6.1
60 minutes and over	95	55	40	6.1	6.8	5.4
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	1,550	810	735	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	50	30	20	3.2	3.7	2.7
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	165	105	55	10.6	13.0	7.5
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	405	195	210	26.1	24.1	28.6
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	505	270	235	32.6	33.3	32.0
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	260	120	145	16.8	14.8	19.7
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	160	85	70	10.3	10.5	9.5
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	1,205	650	560	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	930	495	440	77.2	76.2	78.6
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	270	150	125	22.4	23.1	22.3
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	925	500	425	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	720	385	335	77.8	77.0	78.8
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	605	335	275	65.4	67.0	64.7
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	115	50	60	12.4	10.0	14.1
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	205	115	90	22.2	23.0	21.2

Symbol legend

...
not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 25, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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