Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Montmagny--L'Islet--Kamouraska--Rivière-du-LoupMore information: Quebec [Federal electoral district (2013 Representation Order)]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	96,724	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	95,527	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	1.3	...	...	1.3	...	...
Total private dwellings²	50,145	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	44,576	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	13.2	...	...	13.2	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	7,310.10	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	96,725	48,445	48,280	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	13,925	7,165	6,760	14.4	14.8	14.0
0 to 4 years	4,085	2,065	2,020	4.2	4.3	4.2
5 to 9 years	4,700	2,430	2,265	4.9	5.0	4.7
10 to 14 years	5,135	2,670	2,470	5.3	5.5	5.1
15 to 64 years	55,700	28,445	27,260	57.6	58.7	56.5
15 to 19 years	4,660	2,435	2,225	4.8	5.0	4.6
20 to 24 years	4,045	2,135	1,910	4.2	4.4	4.0
25 to 29 years	4,280	2,195	2,085	4.4	4.5	4.3
30 to 34 years	4,735	2,405	2,330	4.9	5.0	4.8
35 to 39 years	5,045	2,635	2,410	5.2	5.4	5.0
40 to 44 years	5,555	2,820	2,735	5.7	5.8	5.7
45 to 49 years	5,335	2,740	2,595	5.5	5.7	5.4
50 to 54 years	5,600	2,860	2,745	5.8	5.9	5.7
55 to 59 years	7,580	3,820	3,755	7.8	7.9	7.8
60 to 64 years	8,860	4,395	4,465	9.2	9.1	9.2
65 years and over	27,100	12,840	14,265	28.0	26.5	29.5
65 to 69 years	8,380	4,205	4,175	8.7	8.7	8.6
70 to 74 years	7,140	3,510	3,630	7.4	7.2	7.5
75 to 79 years	5,130	2,555	2,580	5.3	5.3	5.3
80 to 84 years	3,095	1,430	1,665	3.2	3.0	3.4
85 years and over	3,355	1,140	2,210	3.5	2.4	4.6
85 to 89 years	1,985	745	1,240	2.1	1.5	2.6
90 to 94 years	1,080	320	770	1.1	0.7	1.6
95 to 99 years	260	70	185	0.3	0.1	0.4
100 years and over	25	5	25	0.0	0.0	0.1
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	14.4	14.8	14.0	14.4	14.8	14.0
15 to 64 years	57.6	58.7	56.5	57.6	58.7	56.5
65 years and over	28.0	26.5	29.5	28.0	26.5	29.5
85 years and over	3.5	2.4	4.6	3.5	2.4	4.6
Average age of the population	47.1	46.1	48.0	47.1	46.1	48.0
Median age of the population	50.8	49.6	52.0	50.8	49.6	52.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	44,575	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	30,400	...	...	68.2	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,870	...	...	4.2	...	...
Row house	385	...	...	0.9	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	2,105	...	...	4.7	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	8,910	...	...	20.0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	60	...	...	0.1	...	...
Other single-attached house	290	...	...	0.7	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	560	...	...	1.3	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	44,575	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	16,535	...	...	37.1	...	...
2 persons	17,075	...	...	38.3	...	...
3 persons	4,720	...	...	10.6	...	...
4 persons	4,060	...	...	9.1	...	...
5 or more persons	2,185	...	...	4.9	...	...
Number of persons in private households	92,985	46,995	45,985	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.1	...	...	2.1	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	82,805	41,285	41,525	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	48,595	24,340	24,250	58.7	59.0	58.4
Married	25,195	12,655	12,540	30.4	30.7	30.2
Living common-law	23,400	11,685	11,715	28.3	28.3	28.2
Living common law - Never married	19,540	9,710	9,830	23.6	23.5	23.7
Living common law - Separated	205	95	105	0.2	0.2	0.3
Living common law - Divorced	3,185	1,685	1,495	3.8	4.1	3.6
Living common law - Widowed	470	195	280	0.6	0.5	0.7
Not married and not living common-law	34,210	16,945	17,270	41.3	41.0	41.6
Not married and not living common law - Never married	22,280	12,630	9,650	26.9	30.6	23.2
Not married and not living common law - Separated	875	435	440	1.1	1.1	1.1
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	5,125	2,410	2,720	6.2	5.8	6.6
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	5,925	1,465	4,460	7.2	3.5	10.7
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	27,095	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	16,685	...	...	61.6	...	...
3 persons	4,490	...	...	16.6	...	...
4 persons	3,950	...	...	14.6	...	...
5 or more persons	1,975	...	...	7.3	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	27,100	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	23,765	...	...	87.7	...	...
Married couples	12,075	...	...	44.6	...	...
With children⁶	3,065	...	...	11.3	...	...
Without children	9,010	...	...	33.2	...	...
Common-law couples	11,690	...	...	43.1	...	...
With children⁶	6,025	...	...	22.2	...	...
Without children	5,665	...	...	20.9	...	...
Total one-parent families	3,330	...	...	12.3	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	2,355	...	...	8.7	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	975	...	...	3.6	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	92,980	46,995	45,990	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	73,210	36,760	36,450	78.7	78.2	79.3
Married spouses or common-law partners	47,540	23,760	23,775	51.1	50.6	51.7
Parents in one-parent families	3,330	970	2,360	3.6	2.1	5.1
Children⁶	22,340	12,030	10,315	24.0	25.6	22.4
In a two-parent family	17,225	9,210	8,020	18.5	19.6	17.4
In a one-parent family	5,115	2,820	2,295	5.5	6.0	5.0
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	19,770	10,235	9,540	21.3	21.8	20.7
Living alone	16,535	8,450	8,085	17.8	18.0	17.6
Living with other relatives⁷	1,375	670	710	1.5	1.4	1.5
Living with non-relatives only	1,860	1,120	740	2.0	2.4	1.6
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	44,575	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	26,200	...	...	58.8	...	...
Couple-family households	23,130	...	...	51.9	...	...
With children⁶	8,835	...	...	19.8	...	...
Without children	14,295	...	...	32.1	...	...
One-parent-family households	3,065	...	...	6.9	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	270	...	...	0.6	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	50	...	...	0.1	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	430	...	...	1.0	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	1,095	...	...	2.5	...	...
One-person households	16,535	...	...	37.1	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	79,080	39,845	39,235	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	78,140	39,440	38,695	98.8	99.0	98.6
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,000	42,400	34,000	38,000	42,400	34,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	78,145	39,445	38,700	98.8	99.0	98.6
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,000	37,200	30,800	34,000	37,200	30,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	69,755	36,135	33,620	88.2	90.7	85.7
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	30,200	35,600	25,200	30,200	35,600	25,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	54,070	29,415	24,650	68.4	73.8	62.8
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	33,200	37,600	29,400	33,200	37,600	29,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	67,595	33,225	34,370	85.5	83.4	87.6
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,300	11,200	12,900	12,300	11,200	12,900
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	10,455	5,845	4,610	13.2	14.7	11.7
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,600	5,600	5,680	5,600	5,600	5,680
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	20,195	11,075	9,125	25.5	27.8	23.3
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	5,480	6,000	6,000	5,480	6,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	79,080	39,840	39,235	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	78,080	39,440	38,635	98.7	99.0	98.5
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	44,120	49,280	38,880	44,120	49,280	38,880
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	78,085	39,445	38,635	98.7	99.0	98.5
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,200	40,480	33,880	37,200	40,480	33,880
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	69,630	36,065	33,560	88.1	90.5	85.5
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,240	42,960	31,080	37,240	42,960	31,080
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	54,070	29,375	24,700	68.4	73.7	63.0
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,400	41,840	34,280	38,400	41,840	34,280
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	67,615	33,305	34,310	85.5	83.6	87.4
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,630	11,850	13,400	12,630	11,850	13,400
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	10,325	5,800	4,525	13.1	14.6	11.5
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,030	6,460	7,750	7,030	6,460	7,750
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	20,115	10,940	9,180	25.4	27.5	23.4
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,910	6,430	7,490	6,910	6,430	7,490
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	79,080	39,845	39,235	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	25,580	14,385	11,190	32.3	36.1	28.5
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	48,400	51,200	46,000	48,400	51,200	46,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	54,700	57,450	51,120	54,700	57,450	51,120
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	22,235	11,200	11,035	28.1	28.1	28.1
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	20,000	24,800	16,800	20,000	24,800	16,800
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	27,440	32,600	22,240	27,440	32,600	22,240
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	75.2	79.8	69.4	75.2	79.8	69.4
Employment income (%)¹⁹	60.2	63.2	56.4	60.2	63.2	56.4
Government transfers (%)²⁰	24.8	20.3	30.6	24.8	20.3	30.6
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.1	1.9	2.3	2.1	1.9	2.3
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.0	4.3	5.8	5.0	4.3	5.8
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.0	3.6	4.6	4.0	3.6	4.6
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	79,080	39,845	39,235	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	940	405	540	1.2	1.0	1.4
With total income	78,135	39,445	38,695	98.8	99.0	98.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	4,465	1,775	2,690	5.7	4.5	7.0
$10,000 to $19,999	10,775	4,135	6,645	13.8	10.5	17.2
$20,000 to $29,999	14,685	6,960	7,725	18.8	17.6	20.0
$30,000 to $39,999	11,225	5,370	5,855	14.4	13.6	15.1
$40,000 to $49,999	11,440	6,020	5,415	14.6	15.3	14.0
$50,000 to $59,999	9,215	5,310	3,900	11.8	13.5	10.1
$60,000 to $69,999	5,760	3,480	2,280	7.4	8.8	5.9
$70,000 to $79,999	3,435	2,120	1,315	4.4	5.4	3.4
$80,000 to $89,999	2,385	1,350	1,035	3.1	3.4	2.7
$90,000 to $99,999	1,540	845	690	2.0	2.1	1.8
$100,000 and over	3,200	2,065	1,135	4.1	5.2	2.9
$100,000 to $149,999	2,360	1,460	895	3.0	3.7	2.3
$150,000 and over	845	605	235	1.1	1.5	0.6
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	79,080	39,845	39,235	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	935	400	535	1.2	1.0	1.4
With after-tax income	78,145	39,445	38,695	98.8	99.0	98.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	4,790	1,895	2,900	6.1	4.8	7.5
$10,000 to $19,999	11,360	4,415	6,945	14.5	11.2	17.9
$20,000 to $29,999	17,030	8,070	8,955	21.8	20.5	23.1
$30,000 to $39,999	14,765	7,595	7,165	18.9	19.3	18.5
$40,000 to $49,999	13,345	7,655	5,690	17.1	19.4	14.7
$50,000 to $59,999	7,540	4,445	3,095	9.6	11.3	8.0
$60,000 to $69,999	4,100	2,330	1,775	5.2	5.9	4.6
$70,000 to $79,999	2,270	1,180	1,090	2.9	3.0	2.8
$80,000 to $89,999	1,195	670	520	1.5	1.7	1.3
$90,000 to $99,999	620	400	220	0.8	1.0	0.6
$100,000 and over	1,135	780	355	1.5	2.0	0.9
$100,000 to $124,999	595	380	220	0.8	1.0	0.6
$125,000 and over	540	405	140	0.7	1.0	0.4
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	79,080	39,845	39,235	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	25,010	10,430	14,585	31.6	26.2	37.2
With employment income	54,065	29,420	24,655	68.4	73.8	62.8
Under $5,000 (including loss)	7,210	4,130	3,085	13.3	14.0	12.5
$5,000 to $9,999	4,200	1,860	2,335	7.8	6.3	9.5
$10,000 to $19,999	6,900	3,130	3,770	12.8	10.6	15.3
$20,000 to $29,999	6,415	3,020	3,395	11.9	10.3	13.8
$30,000 to $39,999	6,870	3,570	3,305	12.7	12.1	13.4
$40,000 to $49,999	7,025	3,930	3,090	13.0	13.4	12.5
$50,000 to $59,999	5,075	3,270	1,800	9.4	11.1	7.3
$60,000 to $69,999	3,380	2,235	1,140	6.3	7.6	4.6
$70,000 to $79,999	2,120	1,295	825	3.9	4.4	3.3
$80,000 to $89,999	1,730	955	770	3.2	3.2	3.1
$90,000 to $99,999	930	555	375	1.7	1.9	1.5
$100,000 and over	2,215	1,455	760	4.1	4.9	3.1
$100,000 to $124,999	1,185	720	460	2.2	2.4	1.9
$125,000 and over	1,030	730	300	1.9	2.5	1.2
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	79,080	39,845	39,235	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	77,440	39,055	38,385	97.9	98.0	97.8
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,000	40,800	31,000	36,000	40,800	31,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	77,455	39,055	38,395	97.9	98.0	97.9
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	32,000	35,600	28,400	32,000	35,600	28,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	68,970	35,795	33,180	87.2	89.8	84.6
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	31,600	37,200	26,600	31,600	37,200	26,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	55,135	29,800	25,330	69.7	74.8	64.6
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	33,600	38,000	29,400	33,600	38,000	29,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	61,545	29,640	31,900	77.8	74.4	81.3
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,900	8,800	10,800	9,900	8,800	10,800
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	10,380	5,895	4,480	13.1	14.8	11.4
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,960	5,000	4,960	4,960	5,000	4,960
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	79,080	39,840	39,235	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	77,405	39,085	38,325	97.9	98.1	97.7
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,080	47,840	36,160	42,080	47,840	36,160
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	77,435	39,090	38,345	97.9	98.1	97.7
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,520	39,400	31,560	35,520	39,400	31,560
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	69,050	35,910	33,145	87.3	90.1	84.5
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	37,880	44,000	31,240	37,880	44,000	31,240
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	55,260	29,795	25,460	69.9	74.8	64.9
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,160	42,360	33,240	38,160	42,360	33,240
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	61,365	29,605	31,760	77.6	74.3	80.9
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,440	9,830	11,020	10,440	9,830	11,020
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	10,135	5,840	4,290	12.8	14.7	10.9
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,580	6,120	7,190	6,580	6,120	7,190
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	79,080	39,845	39,235	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	25,560	14,380	11,180	32.3	36.1	28.5
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	46,000	49,600	42,400	46,000	49,600	42,400
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	52,000	55,850	47,040	52,000	55,850	47,040
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	21,510	10,800	10,710	27.2	27.1	27.3
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	24,600	30,400	21,200	24,600	30,400	21,200
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	31,280	37,080	25,400	31,280	37,080	25,400
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	80.4	84.4	74.8	80.4	84.4	74.8
Employment income (%)	64.8	67.4	61.1	64.8	67.4	61.1
Government transfers (%)	19.7	15.6	25.2	19.7	15.6	25.2
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.1	1.9	2.2	2.1	1.9	2.2
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	44,580	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	62,800	...	...	62,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	55,600	...	...	55,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	16,535	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	34,800	...	...	34,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	31,600	...	...	31,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	28,040	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	86,000	...	...	86,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	75,500	...	...	75,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	44,575	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	77,300	...	...	77,300	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	65,200	...	...	65,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	16,585	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	41,000	...	...	41,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	35,240	...	...	35,240	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	27,985	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	98,800	...	...	98,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	82,900	...	...	82,900	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	44,575	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	230	...	...	0.5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	220	...	...	0.5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	585	...	...	1.3	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,100	...	...	2.5	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	3,620	...	...	8.1	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,860	...	...	4.2	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,030	...	...	4.6	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,645	...	...	5.9	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,485	...	...	5.6	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,300	...	...	5.2	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	4,205	...	...	9.4	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,540	...	...	7.9	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,145	...	...	7.1	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,765	...	...	6.2	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,485	...	...	5.6	...	...
$100,000 and over	11,355	...	...	25.5	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	4,755	...	...	10.7	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,805	...	...	6.3	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	2,470	...	...	5.5	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,325	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	44,575	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	270	...	...	0.6	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	235	...	...	0.5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	610	...	...	1.4	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,155	...	...	2.6	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	3,815	...	...	8.6	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	2,320	...	...	5.2	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,575	...	...	5.8	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	3,255	...	...	7.3	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,910	...	...	6.5	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,635	...	...	5.9	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	4,430	...	...	9.9	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,940	...	...	8.8	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,495	...	...	7.8	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,970	...	...	6.7	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,480	...	...	5.6	...	...
$100,000 and over	7,495	...	...	16.8	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,950	...	...	8.9	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,860	...	...	4.2	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,685	...	...	3.8	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	27,330	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	87,000	...	...	87,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	75,500	...	...	75,500	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	14,350	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	73,000	...	...	73,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	64,500	...	...	64,500	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	9,130	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	121,000	...	...	121,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	103,000	...	...	103,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	3,255	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	65,000	...	...	65,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	59,200	...	...	59,200	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	18,395	9,565	8,830	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	34,400	38,400	30,600	34,400	38,400	30,600
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	31,200	34,000	28,800	31,200	34,000	28,800
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	27,260	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	99,000	...	...	99,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	83,000	...	...	83,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	14,350	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	84,000	...	...	84,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	70,300	...	...	70,300	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	9,195	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	132,200	...	...	132,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	110,000	...	...	110,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	3,190	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	72,500	...	...	72,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	63,050	...	...	63,050	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	18,445	9,505	8,940	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	40,520	43,320	37,480	40,520	43,320	37,480
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	34,840	36,480	33,120	34,840	36,480	33,120
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	92,980	46,995	45,985	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	16,645	8,545	8,100	17.9	18.2	17.6
0 to 5 years	4,955	2,510	2,445	5.3	5.3	5.3
18 to 64 years	52,235	26,665	25,570	56.2	56.7	55.6
65 years and over	24,095	11,785	12,310	25.9	25.1	26.8
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	12,180	5,720	6,460	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	1,110	560	545	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	320	150	170	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	4,865	2,515	2,360	...	...	...
65 years and over	6,205	2,650	3,555	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	13.1	12.2	14.0	13.1	12.2	14.0
0 to 17 years (%)	6.7	6.6	6.8	6.7	6.6	6.8
0 to 5 years (%)	6.4	6.0	7.0	6.4	6.0	7.0
18 to 64 years (%)	9.3	9.4	9.2	9.3	9.4	9.2
65 years and over (%)	25.8	22.5	28.9	25.8	22.5	28.9
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	92,980	46,995	45,990	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	16,645	8,540	8,105	17.9	18.2	17.6
0 to 5 years	4,955	2,510	2,440	5.3	5.3	5.3
18 to 64 years	52,240	26,665	25,575	56.2	56.7	55.6
65 years and over	24,100	11,790	12,310	25.9	25.1	26.8
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	1,960	1,060	900	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	135	75	60	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	30	15	15	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	1,600	890	710	...	...	...
65 years and over	220	90	130	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.1	2.3	2.0	2.1	2.3	2.0
0 to 17 years (%)	0.8	0.9	0.7	0.8	0.9	0.7
0 to 5 years (%)	0.6	0.6	0.7	0.6	0.6	0.7
18 to 64 years (%)	3.1	3.3	2.8	3.1	3.3	2.8
65 years and over (%)	0.9	0.8	1.0	0.9	0.8	1.0
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	92,980	46,995	45,990	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	59,280	29,505	29,780	63.8	62.8	64.8
In bottom decile	9,380	4,430	4,945	10.1	9.4	10.8
In second decile	12,155	5,855	6,295	13.1	12.5	13.7
In third decile	12,825	6,450	6,375	13.8	13.7	13.9
In fourth decile	12,635	6,505	6,125	13.6	13.8	13.3
In fifth decile	12,295	6,255	6,030	13.2	13.3	13.1
In top half of the distribution	33,700	17,495	16,210	36.2	37.2	35.2
In sixth decile	10,755	5,575	5,180	11.6	11.9	11.3
In seventh decile	9,080	4,710	4,365	9.8	10.0	9.5
In eighth decile	6,675	3,445	3,235	7.2	7.3	7.0
In ninth decile	4,515	2,330	2,185	4.9	5.0	4.8
In top decile	2,675	1,430	1,245	2.9	3.0	2.7
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	92,980	...	...	92,980	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.284	...	...	0.284	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.429	...	...	0.429	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.243	...	...	0.243	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.0	...	...	3.0	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	95,170	47,840	47,325	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	150	95	60	0.2	0.2	0.1
French only	75,320	36,920	38,400	79.1	77.2	81.1
English and French	19,500	10,655	8,840	20.5	22.3	18.7
Neither English nor French	200	170	30	0.2	0.4	0.1
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	95,170	47,840	47,325	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	575	300	270	0.6	0.6	0.6
French	94,240	47,275	46,965	99.0	98.8	99.2
English and French	160	90	70	0.2	0.2	0.1
Neither English nor French	195	170	25	0.2	0.4	0.1
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	95,170	47,840	47,325	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	94,715	47,590	47,125	99.5	99.5	99.6
Official languages	93,915	47,080	46,835	98.7	98.4	99.0
English	495	245	245	0.5	0.5	0.5
French	93,420	46,830	46,585	98.2	97.9	98.4
Non-official languages	800	515	290	0.8	1.1	0.6
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	795	515	290	0.8	1.1	0.6
Afro-Asiatic languages	165	100	70	0.2	0.2	0.1
Berber languages	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	150	90	65	0.2	0.2	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	145	85	60	0.2	0.2	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	20	5	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	75	50	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	20	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	45	35	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	45	25	15	0.0	0.1	0.0
Haitian Creole	30	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	405	280	125	0.4	0.6	0.3
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	20	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	20	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	40	20	25	0.0	0.0	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	340	250	90	0.4	0.5	0.2
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	10	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	295	225	65	0.3	0.5	0.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	30	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	30	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	450	250	200	0.5	0.5	0.4
English and French	300	170	130	0.3	0.4	0.3
English and non-official language(s)	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	115	60	55	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	95,170	47,840	47,325	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	220	120	95	0.2	0.3	0.2
French	92,705	46,415	46,295	97.4	97.0	97.8
Non-official language	295	230	65	0.3	0.5	0.1
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	295	230	65	0.3	0.5	0.1
English and French	1,345	760	580	1.4	1.6	1.2
English and non-official language(s)	35	25	15	0.0	0.1	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	380	200	180	0.4	0.4	0.4
English, French and non-official language(s)	190	95	100	0.2	0.2	0.2
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	95,170	47,840	47,325	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	94,800	47,640	47,155	99.6	99.6	99.6
Official languages	94,355	47,330	47,025	99.1	98.9	99.4
English	355	200	160	0.4	0.4	0.3
French	94,000	47,135	46,865	98.8	98.5	99.0
Non-official languages	440	310	130	0.5	0.6	0.3
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	440	310	130	0.5	0.6	0.3
Afro-Asiatic languages	60	30	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Berber languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	60	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	60	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	55	45	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	45	35	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	270	210	60	0.3	0.4	0.1
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	245	200	45	0.3	0.4	0.1
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	225	195	35	0.2	0.4	0.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	20	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	20	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	370	195	170	0.4	0.4	0.4
English and French	230	125	110	0.2	0.3	0.2
English and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	120	70	50	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	95,170	47,840	47,325	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	93,560	46,945	46,615	98.3	98.1	98.5
English	1,040	600	440	1.1	1.3	0.9
French	190	100	95	0.2	0.2	0.2
Non-official language	195	100	100	0.2	0.2	0.2
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	195	100	100	0.2	0.2	0.2
English and French	30	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	100	50	55	0.1	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	30	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	92,980	46,995	45,985	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	92,800	46,850	45,945	99.8	99.7	99.9
English	19,575	10,805	8,765	21.1	23.0	19.1
French	92,605	46,710	45,900	99.6	99.4	99.8
Non-official languages	2,840	1,445	1,400	3.1	3.1	3.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	2,830	1,440	1,390	3.0	3.1	3.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	330	195	135	0.4	0.4	0.3
Berber languages	45	25	15	0.0	0.1	0.0
Kabyle	45	25	15	0.0	0.1	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	305	185	120	0.3	0.4	0.3
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	305	185	115	0.3	0.4	0.3
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	110	70	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	30	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	20	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	75	65	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	60	30	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Haitian Creole	55	30	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	2,105	1,025	1,080	2.3	2.2	2.3
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	15	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	75	30	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	75	30	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	20	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	50	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	235	115	115	0.3	0.2	0.3
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	185	75	110	0.2	0.2	0.2
German	185	75	110	0.2	0.2	0.2
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	45	35	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	35	35	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	15	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,905	925	980	2.0	2.0	2.1
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	85	45	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Portuguese	85	30	50	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	20	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	1,770	845	935	1.9	1.8	2.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	100	60	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	40	30	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	70	45	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	45	35	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	55	30	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages	55	30	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	50	30	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	40	25	20	0.0	0.1	0.0
Lao	25	20	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	92,985	46,995	45,985	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	1,275	635	640	1.4	1.4	1.4
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	1,165	570	595	1.3	1.2	1.3
First Nations (North American Indian)	705	340	365	0.8	0.7	0.8
Métis	455	230	225	0.5	0.5	0.5
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	110	65	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-Indigenous identity	91,705	46,360	45,340	98.6	98.6	98.6
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	92,985	46,995	45,985	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	315	150	160	0.3	0.3	0.3
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	92,670	46,840	45,825	99.7	99.7	99.7
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	44,575	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	31,500	...	...	70.7	...	...
Renter	13,075	...	...	29.3	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	44,575	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	2,495	...	...	5.6	...	...
Not condominium	42,080	...	...	94.4	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	44,575	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	225	...	...	0.5	...	...
1 bedroom	4,950	...	...	11.1	...	...
2 bedrooms	11,975	...	...	26.9	...	...
3 bedrooms	15,385	...	...	34.5	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	12,050	...	...	27.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	44,575	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	11,730	...	...	26.3	...	...
5 rooms	7,100	...	...	15.9	...	...
6 rooms	6,560	...	...	14.7	...	...
7 rooms	5,950	...	...	13.3	...	...
8 or more rooms	13,235	...	...	29.7	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.3	...	...	6.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	44,575	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	44,490	...	...	99.8	...	...
More than one person per room	80	...	...	0.2	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	44,575	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	44,090	...	...	98.9	...	...
Not suitable	480	...	...	1.1	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	44,575	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	16,765	...	...	37.6	...	...
1961 to 1980	12,460	...	...	28.0	...	...
1981 to 1990	5,215	...	...	11.7	...	...
1991 to 2000	3,670	...	...	8.2	...	...
2001 to 2005	1,555	...	...	3.5	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,750	...	...	3.9	...	...
2011 to 2015	1,840	...	...	4.1	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	1,320	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	44,575	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	41,715	...	...	93.6	...	...
Major repairs needed	2,855	...	...	6.4	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	44,575	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	26,920	...	...	60.4	...	...
Two-maintainer household	17,070	...	...	38.3	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	585	...	...	1.3	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	44,575	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	1,280	...	...	2.9	...	...
25 to 34 years	4,690	...	...	10.5	...	...
35 to 44 years	6,075	...	...	13.6	...	...
45 to 54 years	6,485	...	...	14.5	...	...
55 to 64 years	9,890	...	...	22.2	...	...
65 to 74 years	9,590	...	...	21.5	...	...
75 to 84 years	5,165	...	...	11.6	...	...
85 years and over	1,395	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	43,705	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	39,835	...	...	91.1	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	3,870	...	...	8.9	...	...
30% to less than 100%	3,555	...	...	8.1	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	44,575	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	6,840	...	...	15.3	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	3,550	...	...	8.0	...	...
Not suitable only	425	...	...	1.0	...	...
Major repairs needed only	2,505	...	...	5.6	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	15	...	...	0.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	305	...	...	0.7	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	50	...	...	0.1	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	37,730	...	...	84.6	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	43,390	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	1,525	...	...	3.5	...	...
Not in core need	41,865	...	...	96.5	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	30,785	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	51.0	...	...	51.0	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	5.6	...	...	5.6	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	2.3	...	...	2.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	665	...	...	665	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	811	...	...	811	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	180,000	...	...	180,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	199,000	...	...	199,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	13,000	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	11.0	...	...	11.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	16.5	...	...	16.5	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	6.5	...	...	6.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	580	...	...	580	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	594	...	...	594	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	92,980	46,995	45,990	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	1,490	755	735	1.6	1.6	1.6
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	1,475	755	720	1.6	1.6	1.6
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	1,285	665	620	1.4	1.4	1.3
Métis single ancestry	190	85	100	0.2	0.2	0.2
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	1,480	710	770	1.6	1.5	1.7
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	1,470	705	765	1.6	1.5	1.7
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	1,295	625	665	1.4	1.3	1.4
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	170	80	95	0.2	0.2	0.2
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	90,015	45,530	44,485	96.8	96.9	96.7
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	92,980	46,995	45,990	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	91,810	46,265	45,540	98.7	98.4	99.0
Canadian citizens aged under 18	16,550	8,515	8,035	17.8	18.1	17.5
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	75,255	37,750	37,505	80.9	80.3	81.6
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	1,175	735	445	1.3	1.6	1.0
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	92,980	46,995	45,990	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	91,035	45,880	45,155	97.9	97.6	98.2
Immigrants⁸¹	1,210	600	610	1.3	1.3	1.3
Before 1980	215	95	130	0.2	0.2	0.3
1980 to 1990	130	75	55	0.1	0.2	0.1
1991 to 2000	135	45	90	0.1	0.1	0.2
2001 to 2010	255	145	115	0.3	0.3	0.3
2011 to 2021⁸²	475	250	230	0.5	0.5	0.5
2011 to 2015	195	105	90	0.2	0.2	0.2
2016 to 2021	280	145	140	0.3	0.3	0.3
Non-permanent residents⁸³	735	515	220	0.8	1.1	0.5
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	1,210	605	610	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	175	80	100	14.5	13.2	16.4
5 to 14 years	225	120	105	18.6	19.8	17.2
15 to 24 years	145	60	90	12.0	9.9	14.8
25 to 44 years	600	295	305	49.6	48.8	50.0
45 years and over	65	50	15	5.4	8.3	2.5
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	1,210	605	610	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	240	105	140	19.8	17.4	23.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	15	0	10	1.2	0.0	1.6
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	55	35	15	4.5	5.8	2.5
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	10	0	0	0.8	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	80	35	45	6.6	5.8	7.4
Other places of birth in Americas	80	20	65	6.6	3.3	10.7
Europe	550	265	285	45.5	43.8	46.7
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	390	185	200	32.2	30.6	32.8
Germany	20	0	20	1.7	0.0	3.3
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	10	10	0	0.8	1.7	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portugal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	10	0	0	0.8	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	10	0	10	0.8	0.0	1.6
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	20	10	15	1.7	1.7	2.5
Other places of birth in Europe	65	40	30	5.4	6.6	4.9
Africa	240	140	100	19.8	23.1	16.4
Algeria	80	45	35	6.6	7.4	5.7
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	30	15	15	2.5	2.5	2.5
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	120	70	55	9.9	11.6	9.0
Asia	175	90	85	14.5	14.9	13.9
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	15	10	0	1.2	1.7	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	50	20	35	4.1	3.3	5.7
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	20	10	0	1.7	1.7	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	35	25	10	2.9	4.1	1.6
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	50	30	25	4.1	5.0	4.1
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	285	140	140	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	15	0	15	5.3	0.0	10.7
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	15	0	15	5.3	0.0	10.7
Europe	105	55	50	36.8	39.3	35.7
France	95	45	50	33.3	32.1	35.7
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	105	60	50	36.8	42.9	35.7
Algeria	45	20	25	15.8	14.3	17.9
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	15	0	10	5.3	0.0	7.1
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	10	0	0	3.5	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	10	0	0	3.5	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	30	20	10	10.5	14.3	7.1
Asia	50	25	25	17.5	17.9	17.9
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	20	10	10	7.0	7.1	7.1
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	25	20	0	8.8	14.3	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	92,985	46,995	45,985	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	2,170	1,200	970	2.3	2.6	2.1
Second generation¹⁰¹	1,375	735	640	1.5	1.6	1.4
Third generation or more¹⁰²	89,435	45,065	44,370	96.2	95.9	96.5
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	995	515	485	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	585	325	260	58.8	63.1	53.6
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	300	190	110	30.2	36.9	22.7
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	285	140	150	28.6	27.2	30.9
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	365	155	205	36.7	30.1	42.3
Refugees¹⁰⁸	35	20	15	3.5	3.9	3.1
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	10	0	10	1.0	0.0	2.1
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	995	515	485	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	15	0	10	1.5	0.0	2.1
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	155	70	90	15.6	13.6	18.6
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	10	10	0	1.0	1.9	0.0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	90	65	25	9.0	12.6	5.2
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	10	0	10	1.0	0.0	2.1
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	705	365	345	70.9	70.9	71.1
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	92,985	46,995	45,985	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	1,430	830	605	1.5	1.8	1.3
South Asian	60	30	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese	95	25	70	0.1	0.1	0.2
Black	430	225	210	0.5	0.5	0.5
Filipino	125	105	25	0.1	0.2	0.1
Arab	250	155	95	0.3	0.3	0.2
Latin American	290	210	80	0.3	0.4	0.2
Southeast Asian	80	40	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	15	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple visible minorities	40	20	25	0.0	0.0	0.1
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	91,555	46,165	45,390	98.5	98.2	98.7
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	92,980	46,995	45,985	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	40,660	20,330	20,330	43.7	43.3	44.2
English	330	175	160	0.4	0.4	0.3
Irish	1,750	840	910	1.9	1.8	2.0
Scottish	600	295	310	0.6	0.6	0.7
French, n.o.s.¹²²	20,815	10,500	10,315	22.4	22.3	22.4
German	465	220	245	0.5	0.5	0.5
Chinese	105	35	65	0.1	0.1	0.1
Italian	325	135	190	0.3	0.3	0.4
Indian (India)	120	60	55	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ukrainian	35	30	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Dutch	40	20	25	0.0	0.0	0.1
Polish	85	35	50	0.1	0.1	0.1
Québécois	14,775	7,485	7,290	15.9	15.9	15.9
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	40	25	15	0.0	0.1	0.0
Filipino	130	105	25	0.1	0.2	0.1
French Canadian	11,030	5,615	5,415	11.9	11.9	11.8
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	1,595	815	780	1.7	1.7	1.7
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	1,210	585	625	1.3	1.2	1.4
Métis	390	170	215	0.4	0.4	0.5
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	785	360	420	0.8	0.8	0.9
Russian	50	20	30	0.1	0.0	0.1
Norwegian	35	10	30	0.0	0.0	0.1
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	60	35	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
American	350	165	185	0.4	0.4	0.4
Spanish	170	95	65	0.2	0.2	0.1
Swedish	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	30	30	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Acadian	760	345	415	0.8	0.7	0.9
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	75	55	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Jewish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	50	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	120	70	55	0.1	0.1	0.1
Greek	35	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	60	20	40	0.1	0.0	0.1
Korean	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanese	20	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	2,045	1,070	970	2.2	2.3	2.1
Danish	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	265	145	115	0.3	0.3	0.3
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belgian	240	140	95	0.3	0.3	0.2
Haitian	115	55	55	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	80	50	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mennonite	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	95	50	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	210	115	90	0.2	0.2	0.2
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	45	10	30	0.0	0.0	0.1
Egyptian	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moroccan	60	25	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syrian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	20	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	20	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	185	70	115	0.2	0.1	0.3
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	35	25	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Congolese	15	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	65	40	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	55	30	20	0.1	0.1	0.0
New Brunswicker	90	55	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	80	55	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	30	15	25	0.0	0.0	0.1
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	65	40	20	0.1	0.1	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	115	50	65	0.1	0.1	0.1
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	45	20	30	0.0	0.0	0.1
Guatemalan	110	100	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	35	20	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	25	20	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	55	20	35	0.1	0.0	0.1
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	45	20	25	0.0	0.0	0.1
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	145	60	85	0.2	0.1	0.2
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	70	45	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	240	120	120	0.3	0.3	0.3
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	35	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	145	100	50	0.2	0.2	0.1
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	45	25	20	0.0	0.1	0.0
Norman	225	115	105	0.2	0.2	0.2
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	30	25	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	15	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	20	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	35	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	55	30	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	175	100	80	0.2	0.2	0.2
Beninese	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	40	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	92,985	46,995	45,985	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	30	20	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian	76,845	38,460	38,385	82.6	81.8	83.5
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	6,225	3,215	3,010	6.7	6.8	6.5
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	50	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baptist	115	65	55	0.1	0.1	0.1
Catholic	69,815	34,885	34,930	75.1	74.2	76.0
Christian Orthodox	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jehovah's Witness	300	140	165	0.3	0.3	0.4
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lutheran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	75	35	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	210	80	130	0.2	0.2	0.3
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	15	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	350	205	145	0.4	0.4	0.3
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	135	60	80	0.1	0.1	0.2
No religion and secular perspectives	15,600	8,235	7,365	16.8	17.5	16.0
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	92,190	46,590	45,600	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	84,190	42,675	41,520	91.3	91.6	91.1
Movers	8,000	3,915	4,085	8.7	8.4	9.0
Non-migrants	3,740	1,840	1,900	4.1	3.9	4.2
Migrants	4,260	2,070	2,185	4.6	4.4	4.8
Internal migrants	4,000	1,955	2,050	4.3	4.2	4.5
Intraprovincial migrants	3,880	1,895	1,980	4.2	4.1	4.3
Interprovincial migrants	125	60	65	0.1	0.1	0.1
External migrants	255	120	135	0.3	0.3	0.3
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	88,905	44,920	43,990	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	61,950	31,515	30,435	69.7	70.2	69.2
Movers	26,960	13,400	13,555	30.3	29.8	30.8
Non-migrants	8,855	4,420	4,435	10.0	9.8	10.1
Migrants	18,100	8,980	9,120	20.4	20.0	20.7
Internal migrants	17,225	8,435	8,795	19.4	18.8	20.0
Intraprovincial migrants	16,945	8,320	8,630	19.1	18.5	19.6
Interprovincial migrants	280	115	165	0.3	0.3	0.4
External migrants	870	555	320	1.0	1.2	0.7
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	79,080	39,845	39,235	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	21,200	12,040	9,160	26.8	30.2	23.3
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	57,875	27,805	30,075	73.2	69.8	76.7
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	46,425	23,445	22,980	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	8,925	5,635	3,290	19.2	24.0	14.3
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	37,500	17,810	19,685	80.8	76.0	85.7
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	79,080	39,845	39,235	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	18,725	10,150	8,570	23.7	25.5	21.8
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	16,245	7,530	8,720	20.5	18.9	22.2
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	44,105	22,165	21,940	55.8	55.6	55.9
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	34,235	17,980	16,255	43.3	45.1	41.4
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	18,075	11,675	6,400	22.9	29.3	16.3
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	13,715	8,175	5,540	17.3	20.5	14.1
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	4,365	3,505	860	5.5	8.8	2.2
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	13,915	5,580	8,330	17.6	14.0	21.2
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,240	720	1,520	2.8	1.8	3.9
Bachelor's degree or higher	9,875	4,185	5,690	12.5	10.5	14.5
Bachelor's degree	6,850	2,740	4,115	8.7	6.9	10.5
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	770	365	405	1.0	0.9	1.0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	335	180	155	0.4	0.5	0.4
Master's degree	1,680	790	890	2.1	2.0	2.3
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	235	115	125	0.3	0.3	0.3
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	46,425	23,450	22,980	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	7,355	4,445	2,910	15.8	19.0	12.7
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	7,520	3,585	3,940	16.2	15.3	17.1
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	31,545	15,415	16,135	67.9	65.7	70.2
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	24,330	12,670	11,655	52.4	54.0	50.7
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	13,165	8,270	4,895	28.4	35.3	21.3
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	10,095	5,815	4,280	21.7	24.8	18.6
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	3,070	2,455	610	6.6	10.5	2.7
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	9,845	3,970	5,875	21.2	16.9	25.6
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,320	430	890	2.8	1.8	3.9
Bachelor's degree or higher	7,220	2,740	4,480	15.6	11.7	19.5
Bachelor's degree	5,065	1,890	3,170	10.9	8.1	13.8
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	490	185	300	1.1	0.8	1.3
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	245	95	145	0.5	0.4	0.6
Master's degree	1,240	490	755	2.7	2.1	3.3
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	180	80	105	0.4	0.3	0.5
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	79,075	39,845	39,235	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	34,970	17,680	17,290	44.2	44.4	44.1
Education	4,175	990	3,185	5.3	2.5	8.1
13. Education	4,175	990	3,185	5.3	2.5	8.1
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,070	430	645	1.4	1.1	1.6
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	115	70	40	0.1	0.2	0.1
50. Visual and performing arts	955	360	605	1.2	0.9	1.5
Humanities	1,670	760	910	2.1	1.9	2.3
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	135	45	95	0.2	0.1	0.2
23. English language and literature/letters	20	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	965	440	525	1.2	1.1	1.3
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	80	60	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
39. Theology and religious vocations	120	75	45	0.2	0.2	0.1
54. History	85	45	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	245	75	165	0.3	0.2	0.4
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,395	495	1,905	3.0	1.2	4.9
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	235	60	180	0.3	0.2	0.5
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	850	45	810	1.1	0.1	2.1
22. Legal professions and studies	350	100	245	0.4	0.3	0.6
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	75	20	60	0.1	0.1	0.2
42. Psychology	365	60	305	0.5	0.2	0.8
45. Social sciences	500	205	295	0.6	0.5	0.8
Business, management and public administration	8,365	2,295	6,075	10.6	5.8	15.5
30.16 Accounting and computer science	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	660	140	515	0.8	0.4	1.3
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	7,695	2,140	5,555	9.7	5.4	14.2
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,050	605	445	1.3	1.5	1.1
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	310	150	160	0.4	0.4	0.4
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	110	65	45	0.1	0.2	0.1
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	285	110	180	0.4	0.3	0.5
40. Physical sciences	210	175	40	0.3	0.4	0.1
41. Science technologies/technicians	140	115	25	0.2	0.3	0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	785	550	230	1.0	1.4	0.6
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	640	505	140	0.8	1.3	0.4
25. Library science	80	10	70	0.1	0.0	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	60	35	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	11,470	10,860	610	14.5	27.3	1.6
04. Architecture and related services	235	160	75	0.3	0.4	0.2
14. Engineering	815	720	95	1.0	1.8	0.2
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	1,820	1,615	210	2.3	4.1	0.5
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	2,590	2,525	65	3.3	6.3	0.2
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	3,140	3,055	85	4.0	7.7	0.2
48. Precision production	2,870	2,790	85	3.6	7.0	0.2
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	2,705	1,895	820	3.4	4.8	2.1
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	1,935	1,240	695	2.4	3.1	1.8
03. Natural resources and conservation	770	655	120	1.0	1.6	0.3
Health and related fields	5,985	1,010	4,975	7.6	2.5	12.7
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	380	195	190	0.5	0.5	0.5
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	5,500	775	4,725	7.0	1.9	12.0
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	100	40	60	0.1	0.1	0.2
Personal, protective and transportation services	4,415	2,275	2,140	5.6	5.7	5.5
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	2,670	730	1,935	3.4	1.8	4.9
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	450	345	105	0.6	0.9	0.3
49. Transportation and materials moving	1,285	1,185	100	1.6	3.0	0.3
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	46,425	23,445	22,980	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	14,875	8,030	6,845	32.0	34.3	29.8
Education	2,505	465	2,040	5.4	2.0	8.9
13. Education	2,505	465	2,040	5.4	2.0	8.9
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	795	260	535	1.7	1.1	2.3
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	75	40	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
50. Visual and performing arts	725	225	500	1.6	1.0	2.2
Humanities	960	440	520	2.1	1.9	2.3
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	80	25	55	0.2	0.1	0.2
23. English language and literature/letters	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	565	275	290	1.2	1.2	1.3
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	45	30	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
39. Theology and religious vocations	50	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
54. History	50	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	140	40	105	0.3	0.2	0.5
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,775	285	1,490	3.8	1.2	6.5
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	185	45	135	0.4	0.2	0.6
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	650	30	620	1.4	0.1	2.7
22. Legal professions and studies	265	55	210	0.6	0.2	0.9
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	55	10	45	0.1	0.0	0.2
42. Psychology	275	30	245	0.6	0.1	1.1
45. Social sciences	340	110	230	0.7	0.5	1.0
Business, management and public administration	6,310	1,600	4,705	13.6	6.8	20.5
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	485	90	395	1.0	0.4	1.7
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	5,815	1,510	4,305	12.5	6.4	18.7
Physical and life sciences and technologies	580	370	210	1.2	1.6	0.9
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	235	100	140	0.5	0.4	0.6
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	45	30	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	40	30	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
40. Physical sciences	155	130	30	0.3	0.6	0.1
41. Science technologies/technicians	105	85	20	0.2	0.4	0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	630	465	165	1.4	2.0	0.7
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	555	445	110	1.2	1.9	0.5
25. Library science	50	0	45	0.1	0.0	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	8,425	7,885	540	18.1	33.6	2.3
04. Architecture and related services	165	90	70	0.4	0.4	0.3
14. Engineering	715	620	95	1.5	2.6	0.4
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	1,365	1,180	185	2.9	5.0	0.8
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	1,855	1,800	55	4.0	7.7	0.2
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,200	2,125	75	4.7	9.1	0.3
48. Precision production	2,125	2,060	65	4.6	8.8	0.3
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	2,075	1,365	705	4.5	5.8	3.1
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	1,495	890	600	3.2	3.8	2.6
03. Natural resources and conservation	575	470	105	1.2	2.0	0.5
Health and related fields	4,145	645	3,500	8.9	2.8	15.2
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	285	130	155	0.6	0.6	0.7
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	3,775	495	3,280	8.1	2.1	14.3
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	90	25	60	0.2	0.1	0.3
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,340	1,625	1,715	7.2	6.9	7.5
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	2,000	465	1,540	4.3	2.0	6.7
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	375	280	90	0.8	1.2	0.4
49. Transportation and materials moving	955	870	85	2.1	3.7	0.4
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	46,425	23,445	22,980	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	14,875	8,030	6,845	32.0	34.3	29.8
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	31,550	15,415	16,130	68.0	65.7	70.2
Location of study inside Canada	30,800	14,970	15,835	66.3	63.9	68.9
Same as province or territory of residence	30,440	14,780	15,655	65.6	63.0	68.1
Different than province or territory of residence	365	180	180	0.8	0.8	0.8
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	750	450	300	1.6	1.9	1.3
Americas	140	110	30	0.3	0.5	0.1
United States of America	25	20	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Mexico	20	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	85	70	10	0.2	0.3	0.0
Europe	345	170	180	0.7	0.7	0.8
Belgium	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	285	145	135	0.6	0.6	0.6
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	170	110	60	0.4	0.5	0.3
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	50	35	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tunisia	55	40	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	40	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Asia	90	65	25	0.2	0.3	0.1
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	50	40	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	79,080	39,845	39,235	...	...	...
In the labour force	47,210	25,285	21,925	...	...	...
Employed	44,065	23,715	20,350	...	...	...
Unemployed	3,140	1,565	1,580	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	31,870	14,565	17,310	...	...	...
Participation rate	59.7	63.5	55.9	59.7	63.5	55.9
Employment rate	55.7	59.5	51.9	55.7	59.5	51.9
Unemployment rate	6.7	6.2	7.2	6.7	6.2	7.2
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	79,080	39,845	39,235	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	29,935	13,500	16,440	37.9	33.9	41.9
Worked	49,140	26,345	22,795	62.1	66.1	58.1
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	26,160	14,770	11,390	33.1	37.1	29.0
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	22,980	11,575	11,405	29.1	29.1	29.1
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.0	42.5	41.5	42.0	42.5	41.5
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	47,205	25,280	21,930	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	745	315	430	1.6	1.2	2.0
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	46,460	24,965	21,495	98.4	98.8	98.0
Employee	40,780	21,430	19,350	86.4	84.8	88.2
Permanent position	34,250	18,030	16,220	72.6	71.3	74.0
Temporary position	6,530	3,405	3,125	13.8	13.5	14.2
Fixed term (1 year or more)	1,970	885	1,090	4.2	3.5	5.0
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	4,560	2,520	2,040	9.7	10.0	9.3
Self-employed¹⁹²	5,685	3,540	2,145	12.0	14.0	9.8
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	47,205	25,280	21,930	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	745	315	430	1.6	1.2	2.0
All occupations¹⁹¹	46,460	24,965	21,495	98.4	98.8	98.0
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	830	580	245	1.8	2.3	1.1
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	6,420	1,795	4,625	13.6	7.1	21.1
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	2,450	1,845	605	5.2	7.3	2.8
3 Health occupations	3,675	620	3,055	7.8	2.5	13.9
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	4,985	1,065	3,920	10.6	4.2	17.9
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,005	460	550	2.1	1.8	2.5
6 Sales and service occupations	10,890	4,530	6,360	23.1	17.9	29.0
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	9,120	8,560	555	19.3	33.9	2.5
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	2,630	2,125	505	5.6	8.4	2.3
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	4,465	3,385	1,080	9.5	13.4	4.9
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	47,205	25,280	21,930	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	745	315	430	1.6	1.2	2.0
All industries¹⁹¹	46,460	24,965	21,495	98.4	98.8	98.0
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	3,025	2,225	800	6.4	8.8	3.6
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	665	555	110	1.4	2.2	0.5
22 Utilities	170	125	40	0.4	0.5	0.2
23 Construction	2,975	2,630	340	6.3	10.4	1.6
31-33 Manufacturing	9,195	6,830	2,370	19.5	27.0	10.8
41 Wholesale trade	935	695	240	2.0	2.7	1.1
44-45 Retail trade	5,580	2,600	2,985	11.8	10.3	13.6
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	2,325	1,880	445	4.9	7.4	2.0
51 Information and cultural industries	275	205	70	0.6	0.8	0.3
52 Finance and insurance	970	290	675	2.1	1.1	3.1
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	315	190	125	0.7	0.8	0.6
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,810	840	965	3.8	3.3	4.4
55 Management of companies and enterprises	25	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,085	665	415	2.3	2.6	1.9
61 Educational services	3,125	820	2,305	6.6	3.2	10.5
62 Health care and social assistance	7,135	1,200	5,935	15.1	4.7	27.1
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	400	210	190	0.8	0.8	0.9
72 Accommodation and food services	2,465	930	1,535	5.2	3.7	7.0
81 Other services (except public administration)	2,270	1,175	1,095	4.8	4.6	5.0
91 Public administration	1,735	875	855	3.7	3.5	3.9
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	51,510	27,475	24,035	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	275	200	75	0.5	0.7	0.3
French	47,220	24,725	22,500	91.7	90.0	93.6
Non-official language	65	45	25	0.1	0.2	0.1
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	65	45	25	0.1	0.2	0.1
English and French	3,685	2,330	1,355	7.2	8.5	5.6
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	170	135	30	0.3	0.5	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	80	30	50	0.2	0.1	0.2
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	51,510	27,475	24,035	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	51,080	27,230	23,850	99.2	99.1	99.2
Official languages	50,940	27,125	23,815	98.9	98.7	99.1
English	670	460	210	1.3	1.7	0.9
French	50,270	26,665	23,605	97.6	97.1	98.2
Non-official languages	145	110	35	0.3	0.4	0.1
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	145	110	35	0.3	0.4	0.1
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	115	105	10	0.2	0.4	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	115	105	10	0.2	0.4	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	115	105	10	0.2	0.4	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	425	240	185	0.8	0.9	0.8
English and French	410	230	175	0.8	0.8	0.7
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	51,510	27,475	24,035	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	47,980	25,200	22,780	93.1	91.7	94.8
English	2,910	1,850	1,055	5.6	6.7	4.4
French	455	320	135	0.9	1.2	0.6
Non-official language	110	75	30	0.2	0.3	0.1
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	110	75	30	0.2	0.3	0.1
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	55	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	44,070	23,715	20,350	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	5,675	2,735	2,940	12.9	11.5	14.4
Worked outside Canada	70	55	10	0.2	0.2	0.0
No fixed workplace address	3,865	2,945	925	8.8	12.4	4.5
Usual place of work	34,450	17,985	16,465	78.2	75.8	80.9
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	34,450	17,980	16,465	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	16,330	8,380	7,950	47.4	46.6	48.3
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	11,315	5,785	5,525	32.8	32.2	33.6
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	6,770	3,780	2,990	19.7	21.0	18.2
Commute to a different province or territory	40	35	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	38,320	20,925	17,395	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	34,620	18,930	15,685	90.3	90.5	90.2
Car, truck or van - as a driver	33,115	18,235	14,875	86.4	87.1	85.5
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	1,505	695	810	3.9	3.3	4.7
Public transit	140	75	65	0.4	0.4	0.4
Walked	2,770	1,380	1,390	7.2	6.6	8.0
Bicycle	205	185	20	0.5	0.9	0.1
Other method	585	355	230	1.5	1.7	1.3
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	38,320	20,925	17,395	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	21,400	11,320	10,080	55.8	54.1	57.9
15 to 29 minutes	10,695	5,735	4,955	27.9	27.4	28.5
30 to 44 minutes	3,675	2,030	1,645	9.6	9.7	9.5
45 to 59 minutes	1,315	890	420	3.4	4.3	2.4
60 minutes and over	1,240	950	285	3.2	4.5	1.6
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	38,320	20,925	17,395	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	2,800	2,110	695	7.3	10.1	4.0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	7,515	5,460	2,050	19.6	26.1	11.8
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	12,870	6,470	6,395	33.6	30.9	36.8
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	7,215	2,615	4,595	18.8	12.5	26.4
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	2,295	855	1,440	6.0	4.1	8.3
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	5,625	3,410	2,220	14.7	16.3	12.8
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	16,975	8,720	8,260	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	570	275	295	3.4	3.2	3.6
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	16,400	8,445	7,965	96.6	96.8	96.4
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	12,605	6,515	6,090	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	465	215	250	3.7	3.3	4.1
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	260	120	145	2.1	1.8	2.4
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	205	95	105	1.6	1.5	1.7
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	12,140	6,300	5,840	96.3	96.7	95.9

Symbol legend

...
not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 18, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

Language selection

Search and menus

Search

Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Symbol legend

Note(s):

Census Profile, 2021 Census of PopulationProfile table

Add a geography

Add or remove data

Symbol legend

Source

How to cite

Note(s):

Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table