Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Mont-Saint-Hilaire, Ville (V)More information: Quebec [Census subdivision]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	18,859	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	18,585	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	1.5	...	...	1.5	...	...
Total private dwellings²	7,917	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	7,766	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	427.8	...	...	427.8	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	44.08	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	18,860	9,030	9,830	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	3,145	1,590	1,555	16.7	17.6	15.8
0 to 4 years	795	420	370	4.2	4.7	3.8
5 to 9 years	1,085	545	540	5.8	6.0	5.5
10 to 14 years	1,260	615	645	6.7	6.8	6.6
15 to 64 years	11,325	5,500	5,825	60.0	60.9	59.3
15 to 19 years	1,100	540	560	5.8	6.0	5.7
20 to 24 years	820	435	385	4.3	4.8	3.9
25 to 29 years	660	325	335	3.5	3.6	3.4
30 to 34 years	785	380	400	4.2	4.2	4.1
35 to 39 years	1,015	465	550	5.4	5.1	5.6
40 to 44 years	1,340	645	695	7.1	7.1	7.1
45 to 49 years	1,330	635	695	7.1	7.0	7.1
50 to 54 years	1,325	665	660	7.0	7.4	6.7
55 to 59 years	1,445	710	735	7.7	7.9	7.5
60 to 64 years	1,515	695	815	8.0	7.7	8.3
65 years and over	4,395	1,945	2,455	23.3	21.5	25.0
65 to 69 years	1,335	605	730	7.1	6.7	7.4
70 to 74 years	1,190	535	655	6.3	5.9	6.7
75 to 79 years	890	405	485	4.7	4.5	4.9
80 to 84 years	490	230	265	2.6	2.5	2.7
85 years and over	490	170	325	2.6	1.9	3.3
85 to 89 years	295	105	185	1.6	1.2	1.9
90 to 94 years	155	50	105	0.8	0.6	1.1
95 to 99 years	35	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.3
100 years and over	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.7	17.6	15.8	16.7	17.6	15.8
15 to 64 years	60.0	60.9	59.3	60.0	60.9	59.3
65 years and over	23.3	21.5	25.0	23.3	21.5	25.0
85 years and over	2.6	1.9	3.3	2.6	1.9	3.3
Average age of the population	44.6	43.5	45.7	44.6	43.5	45.7
Median age of the population	47.2	46.0	48.0	47.2	46.0	48.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	7,765	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	4,885	...	...	62.9	...	...
Semi-detached house	410	...	...	5.3	...	...
Row house	220	...	...	2.8	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	125	...	...	1.6	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	2,110	...	...	27.2	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Other single-attached house	15	...	...	0.2	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	7,770	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	2,170	...	...	27.9	...	...
2 persons	2,965	...	...	38.2	...	...
3 persons	1,025	...	...	13.2	...	...
4 persons	1,080	...	...	13.9	...	...
5 or more persons	525	...	...	6.8	...	...
Number of persons in private households	18,315	8,870	9,445	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.4	...	...	2.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	15,715	7,445	8,270	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	9,855	4,915	4,935	62.7	66.0	59.7
Married	5,400	2,690	2,710	34.4	36.1	32.8
Living common-law	4,455	2,225	2,225	28.3	29.9	26.9
Living common law - Never married	3,430	1,690	1,740	21.8	22.7	21.0
Living common law - Separated	40	30	15	0.3	0.4	0.2
Living common law - Divorced	895	465	430	5.7	6.2	5.2
Living common law - Widowed	85	45	45	0.5	0.6	0.5
Not married and not living common-law	5,860	2,525	3,335	37.3	33.9	40.3
Not married and not living common law - Never married	3,765	1,890	1,875	24.0	25.4	22.7
Not married and not living common law - Separated	160	75	85	1.0	1.0	1.0
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	1,115	380	740	7.1	5.1	8.9
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	820	180	635	5.2	2.4	7.7
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	5,525	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	3,010	...	...	54.5	...	...
3 persons	995	...	...	18.0	...	...
4 persons	1,070	...	...	19.4	...	...
5 or more persons	450	...	...	8.1	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	5,525	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	4,820	...	...	87.2	...	...
Married couples	2,595	...	...	47.0	...	...
With children⁶	1,075	...	...	19.5	...	...
Without children	1,520	...	...	27.5	...	...
Common-law couples	2,225	...	...	40.3	...	...
With children⁶	1,170	...	...	21.2	...	...
Without children	1,055	...	...	19.1	...	...
Total one-parent families	710	...	...	12.9	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	490	...	...	8.9	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	220	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	18,315	8,870	9,445	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	15,670	7,795	7,875	85.6	87.9	83.4
Married spouses or common-law partners	9,640	4,820	4,815	52.6	54.3	51.0
Parents in one-parent families	705	215	490	3.8	2.4	5.2
Children⁶	5,325	2,760	2,570	29.1	31.1	27.2
In a two-parent family	4,265	2,235	2,030	23.3	25.2	21.5
In a one-parent family	1,060	520	535	5.8	5.9	5.7
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	2,645	1,075	1,570	14.4	12.1	16.6
Living alone	2,170	850	1,315	11.8	9.6	13.9
Living with other relatives⁷	215	80	135	1.2	0.9	1.4
Living with non-relatives only	265	145	115	1.4	1.6	1.2
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	7,765	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	5,250	...	...	67.6	...	...
Couple-family households	4,610	...	...	59.4	...	...
With children⁶	2,150	...	...	27.7	...	...
Without children	2,460	...	...	31.7	...	...
One-parent-family households	640	...	...	8.2	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	100	...	...	1.3	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	20	...	...	0.3	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	105	...	...	1.4	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	130	...	...	1.7	...	...
One-person households	2,170	...	...	27.9	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	15,170	7,285	7,890	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	14,855	7,150	7,705	97.9	98.1	97.7
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	52,400	61,200	44,800	52,400	61,200	44,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	14,860	7,155	7,710	98.0	98.2	97.7
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	44,400	50,400	39,200	44,400	50,400	39,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	14,050	6,855	7,200	92.6	94.1	91.3
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	44,400	56,000	36,000	44,400	56,000	36,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	11,000	5,565	5,435	72.5	76.4	68.9
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,400	56,400	39,200	46,400	56,400	39,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	11,140	4,820	6,315	73.4	66.2	80.0
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,900	10,200	11,200	10,900	10,200	11,200
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,315	620	700	8.7	8.5	8.9
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,320	4,680	5,760	5,320	4,680	5,760
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	3,645	1,830	1,820	24.0	25.1	23.1
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,500	6,000	7,500	6,500	6,000	7,500
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	15,175	7,285	7,890	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	14,910	7,180	7,735	98.3	98.6	98.0
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	69,300	84,400	55,300	69,300	84,400	55,300
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	14,910	7,180	7,735	98.3	98.6	98.0
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	53,850	63,700	44,760	53,850	63,700	44,760
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	14,110	6,875	7,230	93.0	94.4	91.6
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	63,700	80,000	48,160	63,700	80,000	48,160
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	11,000	5,550	5,450	72.5	76.2	69.1
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	63,050	75,900	50,040	63,050	75,900	50,040
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	11,170	4,820	6,345	73.6	66.2	80.4
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,070	11,530	12,480	12,070	11,530	12,480
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,395	670	730	9.2	9.2	9.3
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,730	5,270	8,080	6,730	5,270	8,080
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	3,775	1,790	1,980	24.9	24.6	25.1
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,840	7,640	8,030	7,840	7,640	8,030
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	15,170	7,280	7,890	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	5,550	3,030	2,520	36.6	41.6	31.9
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	79,500	88,000	68,500	79,500	88,000	68,500
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	91,500	104,500	75,900	91,500	104,500	75,900
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	4,365	1,940	2,425	28.8	26.6	30.7
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	17,800	19,000	17,200	17,800	19,000	17,200
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	39,680	50,160	31,240	39,680	50,160	31,240
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	87.0	90.8	81.4	87.0	90.8	81.4
Employment income (%)¹⁹	67.2	69.4	63.8	67.2	69.4	63.8
Government transfers (%)²⁰	13.0	9.2	18.5	13.0	9.2	18.5
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.9	0.6	1.4	0.9	0.6	1.4
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	3.3	2.5	4.4	3.3	2.5	4.4
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	2.9	2.3	3.7	2.9	2.3	3.7
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	15,175	7,285	7,890	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	315	135	185	2.1	1.9	2.3
With total income	14,855	7,150	7,705	97.9	98.1	97.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	950	390	560	6.4	5.5	7.3
$10,000 to $19,999	1,405	525	880	9.5	7.3	11.4
$20,000 to $29,999	1,825	715	1,110	12.3	10.0	14.4
$30,000 to $39,999	1,495	600	895	10.1	8.4	11.6
$40,000 to $49,999	1,460	640	815	9.8	9.0	10.6
$50,000 to $59,999	1,395	640	755	9.4	9.0	9.8
$60,000 to $69,999	1,115	540	575	7.5	7.6	7.5
$70,000 to $79,999	1,000	535	465	6.7	7.5	6.0
$80,000 to $89,999	880	455	425	5.9	6.4	5.5
$90,000 to $99,999	675	365	310	4.5	5.1	4.0
$100,000 and over	2,660	1,745	910	17.9	24.4	11.8
$100,000 to $149,999	1,585	970	610	10.7	13.6	7.9
$150,000 and over	1,075	780	300	7.2	10.9	3.9
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	15,175	7,285	7,890	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	315	125	185	2.1	1.7	2.3
With after-tax income	14,860	7,155	7,705	97.9	98.2	97.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,080	425	655	7.3	5.9	8.5
$10,000 to $19,999	1,505	580	925	10.1	8.1	12.0
$20,000 to $29,999	2,100	845	1,250	14.1	11.8	16.2
$30,000 to $39,999	1,930	795	1,135	13.0	11.1	14.7
$40,000 to $49,999	1,910	905	1,010	12.9	12.6	13.1
$50,000 to $59,999	1,560	765	795	10.5	10.7	10.3
$60,000 to $69,999	1,325	715	610	8.9	10.0	7.9
$70,000 to $79,999	975	495	475	6.6	6.9	6.2
$80,000 to $89,999	630	370	265	4.2	5.2	3.4
$90,000 to $99,999	455	280	180	3.1	3.9	2.3
$100,000 and over	1,385	975	410	9.3	13.6	5.3
$100,000 to $124,999	620	410	215	4.2	5.7	2.8
$125,000 and over	770	570	200	5.2	8.0	2.6
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	15,175	7,285	7,890	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	4,175	1,720	2,450	27.5	23.6	31.1
With employment income	11,000	5,560	5,440	72.5	76.3	68.9
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,485	755	735	13.5	13.6	13.5
$5,000 to $9,999	845	360	485	7.7	6.5	8.9
$10,000 to $19,999	1,145	490	650	10.4	8.8	11.9
$20,000 to $29,999	775	315	460	7.0	5.7	8.5
$30,000 to $39,999	740	295	440	6.7	5.3	8.1
$40,000 to $49,999	775	340	440	7.0	6.1	8.1
$50,000 to $59,999	720	350	370	6.5	6.3	6.8
$60,000 to $69,999	675	340	335	6.1	6.1	6.2
$70,000 to $79,999	660	360	305	6.0	6.5	5.6
$80,000 to $89,999	700	335	360	6.4	6.0	6.6
$90,000 to $99,999	470	270	205	4.3	4.9	3.8
$100,000 and over	2,015	1,355	660	18.3	24.4	12.1
$100,000 to $124,999	790	485	305	7.2	8.7	5.6
$125,000 and over	1,230	870	355	11.2	15.6	6.5
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	15,170	7,285	7,890	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	14,530	6,985	7,545	95.8	95.9	95.6
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	51,600	62,000	44,000	51,600	62,000	44,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	14,545	6,990	7,555	95.9	96.0	95.8
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	43,600	50,800	38,000	43,600	50,800	38,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	13,785	6,715	7,070	90.9	92.2	89.6
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	46,000	58,400	37,200	46,000	58,400	37,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	10,985	5,555	5,430	72.4	76.3	68.8
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	47,600	58,400	40,000	47,600	58,400	40,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	9,890	4,135	5,750	65.2	56.8	72.9
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,400	7,850	8,700	8,400	7,850	8,700
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	1,180	575	600	7.8	7.9	7.6
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,000	4,160	6,240	5,000	4,160	6,240
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	15,175	7,285	7,890	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	14,620	7,020	7,600	96.3	96.4	96.3
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	66,100	80,800	52,600	66,100	80,800	52,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	14,640	7,025	7,615	96.5	96.4	96.5
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	50,800	60,100	42,200	50,800	60,100	42,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	13,940	6,805	7,140	91.9	93.4	90.5
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	62,350	77,700	47,760	62,350	77,700	47,760
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	11,045	5,620	5,425	72.8	77.1	68.8
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	61,050	72,500	49,200	61,050	72,500	49,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	10,035	4,260	5,780	66.1	58.5	73.3
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,680	9,040	10,150	9,680	9,040	10,150
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,255	650	605	8.3	8.9	7.7
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,180	5,760	10,800	8,180	5,760	10,800
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	15,170	7,280	7,890	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	5,550	3,045	2,500	36.6	41.8	31.7
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	74,000	84,000	64,000	74,000	84,000	64,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	85,300	98,000	69,900	85,300	98,000	69,900
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	4,145	1,860	2,285	27.3	25.5	29.0
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	23,600	26,000	21,200	23,600	26,000	21,200
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	42,800	51,300	35,880	42,800	51,300	35,880
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	90.0	93.2	85.4	90.0	93.2	85.4
Employment income (%)	69.8	71.8	66.8	69.8	71.8	66.8
Government transfers (%)	10.0	6.8	14.7	10.0	6.8	14.7
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.1	0.7	1.6	1.1	0.7	1.6
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	7,770	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	104,000	...	...	104,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	85,000	...	...	85,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	2,170	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	46,400	...	...	46,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	40,000	...	...	40,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	5,595	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	130,000	...	...	130,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	106,000	...	...	106,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	7,765	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	133,000	...	...	133,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	103,400	...	...	103,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	2,185	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	56,500	...	...	56,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	46,280	...	...	46,280	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	5,580	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	163,200	...	...	163,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	125,800	...	...	125,800	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	7,765	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	35	...	...	0.5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	20	...	...	0.3	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	50	...	...	0.6	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	75	...	...	1.0	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	315	...	...	4.1	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	185	...	...	2.4	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	170	...	...	2.2	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	215	...	...	2.8	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	230	...	...	3.0	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	245	...	...	3.2	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	475	...	...	6.1	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	430	...	...	5.5	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	425	...	...	5.5	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	460	...	...	5.9	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	440	...	...	5.7	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,000	...	...	51.5	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	910	...	...	11.7	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	735	...	...	9.5	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,025	...	...	13.2	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,330	...	...	17.1	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	7,765	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	50	...	...	0.6	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	25	...	...	0.3	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	55	...	...	0.7	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	85	...	...	1.1	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	340	...	...	4.4	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	225	...	...	2.9	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	220	...	...	2.8	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	285	...	...	3.7	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	305	...	...	3.9	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	320	...	...	4.1	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	545	...	...	7.0	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	565	...	...	7.3	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	600	...	...	7.7	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	510	...	...	6.6	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	495	...	...	6.4	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,160	...	...	40.7	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	975	...	...	12.6	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	745	...	...	9.6	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,440	...	...	18.5	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	5,505	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	130,000	...	...	130,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	106,000	...	...	106,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	2,470	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	108,000	...	...	108,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	89,000	...	...	89,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	2,250	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	176,000	...	...	176,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	140,000	...	...	140,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	690	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	89,000	...	...	89,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	74,000	...	...	74,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.5	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	2,430	1,000	1,430	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	45,600	51,600	42,400	45,600	51,600	42,400
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	39,600	42,800	37,200	39,600	42,800	37,200
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	5,485	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	163,200	...	...	163,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	125,800	...	...	125,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,500	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	127,600	...	...	127,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	100,300	...	...	100,300	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,235	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	221,400	...	...	221,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	167,200	...	...	167,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	675	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	100,600	...	...	100,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	81,600	...	...	81,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	2,445	980	1,460	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	56,650	64,800	51,200	56,650	64,800	51,200
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	46,280	51,000	43,080	46,280	51,000	43,080
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	18,310	8,870	9,440	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	3,830	1,925	1,905	20.9	21.7	20.2
0 to 5 years	1,000	540	465	5.5	6.1	4.9
18 to 64 years	10,615	5,155	5,470	58.0	58.1	57.9
65 years and over	3,865	1,795	2,070	21.1	20.2	21.9
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,045	415	625	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	135	65	70	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	25	10	10	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	480	210	270	...	...	...
65 years and over	420	140	285	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	5.7	4.7	6.6	5.7	4.7	6.6
0 to 17 years (%)	3.6	3.6	3.6	3.6	3.6	3.6
0 to 5 years (%)	2.6	2.4	2.8	2.6	2.4	2.8
18 to 64 years (%)	4.5	4.1	5.0	4.5	4.1	5.0
65 years and over (%)	11.0	7.7	13.7	11.0	7.7	13.7
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	18,315	8,870	9,445	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	3,830	1,920	1,905	20.9	21.6	20.2
0 to 5 years	1,000	535	465	5.5	6.0	4.9
18 to 64 years	10,620	5,150	5,465	58.0	58.1	57.9
65 years and over	3,865	1,795	2,070	21.1	20.2	21.9
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	320	155	170	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	40	15	20	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	5	5	5	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	235	115	115	...	...	...
65 years and over	50	20	30	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	1.8	1.7	1.8	1.8	1.7	1.8
0 to 17 years (%)	1.0	0.9	1.0	1.0	0.9	1.0
0 to 5 years (%)	0.6	x	0.8	0.6	x	0.8
18 to 64 years (%)	2.2	2.3	2.1	2.2	2.3	2.1
65 years and over (%)	1.3	0.9	1.6	1.3	0.9	1.6
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	18,315	8,870	9,445	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	6,215	2,775	3,440	33.9	31.3	36.4
In bottom decile	900	375	525	4.9	4.2	5.6
In second decile	995	425	570	5.4	4.8	6.0
In third decile	1,175	535	640	6.4	6.0	6.8
In fourth decile	1,430	640	790	7.8	7.2	8.4
In fifth decile	1,720	800	915	9.4	9.0	9.7
In top half of the distribution	12,095	6,095	6,000	66.0	68.7	63.5
In sixth decile	1,955	970	980	10.7	10.9	10.4
In seventh decile	2,040	990	1,045	11.1	11.2	11.1
In eighth decile	2,370	1,195	1,170	12.9	13.5	12.4
In ninth decile	2,660	1,355	1,300	14.5	15.3	13.8
In top decile	3,085	1,580	1,505	16.8	17.8	15.9
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	18,315	...	...	18,315	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.340	...	...	0.340	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.418	...	...	0.418	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.290	...	...	0.290	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.6	...	...	3.6	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	18,605	8,960	9,645	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	145	80	70	0.8	0.9	0.7
French only	7,600	3,305	4,295	40.8	36.9	44.5
English and French	10,830	5,560	5,265	58.2	62.1	54.6
Neither English nor French	35	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	18,605	8,960	9,645	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	740	375	360	4.0	4.2	3.7
French	17,580	8,455	9,125	94.5	94.4	94.6
English and French	260	115	145	1.4	1.3	1.5
Neither English nor French	25	15	15	0.1	0.2	0.2
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	18,605	8,960	9,645	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	18,260	8,800	9,455	98.1	98.2	98.0
Official languages	17,590	8,500	9,090	94.5	94.9	94.2
English	565	290	270	3.0	3.2	2.8
French	17,025	8,210	8,815	91.5	91.6	91.4
Non-official languages	665	305	365	3.6	3.4	3.8
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	665	305	365	3.6	3.4	3.8
Afro-Asiatic languages	50	25	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
Berber languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	45	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	45	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Vietnamese	35	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Haitian Creole	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	465	210	250	2.5	2.3	2.6
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	70	30	40	0.4	0.3	0.4
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	70	30	40	0.4	0.3	0.4
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	20	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Russian	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	60	40	20	0.3	0.4	0.2
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	40	25	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
German	40	25	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	20	15	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	10	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Iranian languages	20	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	20	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dari	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Iranian Persian	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	300	125	175	1.6	1.4	1.8
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	40	25	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Portuguese	40	15	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
Romanian	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Spanish	180	70	110	1.0	0.8	1.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Korean	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	60	25	35	0.3	0.3	0.4
Chinese languages	60	25	35	0.3	0.3	0.4
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	45	20	30	0.2	0.2	0.3
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	350	160	190	1.9	1.8	2.0
English and French	260	115	145	1.4	1.3	1.5
English and non-official language(s)	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	50	30	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
English, French and non-official language(s)	20	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	18,605	8,960	9,645	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	385	195	190	2.1	2.2	2.0
French	16,425	7,880	8,540	88.3	87.9	88.5
Non-official language	145	70	70	0.8	0.8	0.7
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	140	70	70	0.8	0.8	0.7
English and French	1,090	540	545	5.9	6.0	5.7
English and non-official language(s)	60	30	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
French and non-official language(s)	250	105	145	1.3	1.2	1.5
English, French and non-official language(s)	245	120	125	1.3	1.3	1.3
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	18,605	8,960	9,645	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	18,175	8,765	9,415	97.7	97.8	97.6
Official languages	17,905	8,630	9,270	96.2	96.3	96.1
English	610	315	295	3.3	3.5	3.1
French	17,295	8,320	8,970	93.0	92.9	93.0
Non-official languages	270	130	145	1.5	1.5	1.5
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	270	130	145	1.5	1.5	1.5
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Vietnamese	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	175	80	90	0.9	0.9	0.9
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	35	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	35	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	20	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dari	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Iranian Persian	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	115	55	60	0.6	0.6	0.6
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Spanish	85	40	45	0.5	0.4	0.5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	50	25	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
Chinese languages	45	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	430	200	230	2.3	2.2	2.4
English and French	310	145	165	1.7	1.6	1.7
English and non-official language(s)	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	60	25	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
English, French and non-official language(s)	30	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	18,610	8,965	9,645	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	17,330	8,325	9,005	93.1	92.9	93.4
English	655	340	315	3.5	3.8	3.3
French	265	120	145	1.4	1.3	1.5
Non-official language	180	90	95	1.0	1.0	1.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	180	90	95	1.0	1.0	1.0
English and French	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and non-official language(s)	120	65	60	0.6	0.7	0.6
French and non-official language(s)	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	18,315	8,870	9,440	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	18,295	8,860	9,435	99.9	99.9	99.9
English	10,905	5,600	5,305	59.5	63.1	56.2
French	18,130	8,770	9,360	99.0	98.9	99.2
Non-official languages	1,620	755	865	8.8	8.5	9.2
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,620	755	865	8.8	8.5	9.2
Afro-Asiatic languages	85	45	40	0.5	0.5	0.4
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	85	45	40	0.5	0.5	0.4
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	80	40	35	0.4	0.5	0.4
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	80	30	50	0.4	0.3	0.5
Khmer (Cambodian)	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Vietnamese	65	30	40	0.4	0.3	0.4
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Merina	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	60	35	30	0.3	0.4	0.3
Haitian Creole	60	35	25	0.3	0.4	0.3
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,300	600	700	7.1	6.8	7.4
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	115	60	50	0.6	0.7	0.5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	115	60	50	0.6	0.7	0.5
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	30	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Russian	50	35	15	0.3	0.4	0.2
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	125	80	50	0.7	0.9	0.5
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	105	70	40	0.6	0.8	0.4
German	105	70	40	0.6	0.8	0.4
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	20	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,080	470	610	5.9	5.3	6.5
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	135	65	70	0.7	0.7	0.7
Portuguese	75	35	40	0.4	0.4	0.4
Romanian	25	15	15	0.1	0.2	0.2
Spanish	920	390	535	5.0	4.4	5.7
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	95	45	55	0.5	0.5	0.6
Chinese languages	95	45	55	0.5	0.5	0.6
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	85	40	45	0.5	0.5	0.5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	20	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	18,315	8,870	9,440	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	190	95	95	1.0	1.1	1.0
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	180	95	90	1.0	1.1	1.0
First Nations (North American Indian)	140	80	65	0.8	0.9	0.7
Métis	30	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.3
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous identity	18,120	8,780	9,345	98.9	99.0	99.0
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	18,315	8,870	9,440	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	35	15	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	18,275	8,855	9,420	99.8	99.8	99.8
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	7,765	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	6,280	...	...	80.9	...	...
Renter	1,485	...	...	19.1	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	7,765	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	1,385	...	...	17.8	...	...
Not condominium	6,380	...	...	82.2	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	7,765	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	30	...	...	0.4	...	...
1 bedroom	595	...	...	7.7	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,945	...	...	25.0	...	...
3 bedrooms	2,815	...	...	36.3	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	2,380	...	...	30.7	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	7,765	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,605	...	...	20.7	...	...
5 rooms	975	...	...	12.6	...	...
6 rooms	570	...	...	7.3	...	...
7 rooms	1,000	...	...	12.9	...	...
8 or more rooms	3,615	...	...	46.6	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	7.3	...	...	7.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	7,765	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	7,755	...	...	99.9	...	...
More than one person per room	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	7,765	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	7,700	...	...	99.2	...	...
Not suitable	60	...	...	0.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	7,765	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	845	...	...	10.9	...	...
1961 to 1980	2,095	...	...	27.0	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,150	...	...	14.8	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,125	...	...	14.5	...	...
2001 to 2005	690	...	...	8.9	...	...
2006 to 2010	970	...	...	12.5	...	...
2011 to 2015	635	...	...	8.2	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	260	...	...	3.3	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	7,765	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	7,460	...	...	96.1	...	...
Major repairs needed	310	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	7,765	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	3,735	...	...	48.1	...	...
Two-maintainer household	3,875	...	...	49.9	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	150	...	...	1.9	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	7,765	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	75	...	...	1.0	...	...
25 to 34 years	600	...	...	7.7	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,300	...	...	16.7	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,600	...	...	20.6	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,720	...	...	22.2	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,515	...	...	19.5	...	...
75 to 84 years	790	...	...	10.2	...	...
85 years and over	165	...	...	2.1	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	7,740	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	6,885	...	...	89.0	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	850	...	...	11.0	...	...
30% to less than 100%	790	...	...	10.2	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	7,765	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	1,155	...	...	14.9	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	780	...	...	10.0	...	...
Not suitable only	60	...	...	0.8	...	...
Major repairs needed only	235	...	...	3.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	70	...	...	0.9	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	6,615	...	...	85.2	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	7,675	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	280	...	...	3.6	...	...
Not in core need	7,395	...	...	96.4	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	6,265	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	63.2	...	...	63.2	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	9.3	...	...	9.3	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	2.2	...	...	2.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,300	...	...	1,300	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,436	...	...	1,436	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	448,000	...	...	448,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	509,200	...	...	509,200	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,485	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	18.2	...	...	18.2	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	18.7	...	...	18.7	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	9.9	...	...	9.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	920	...	...	920	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	942	...	...	942	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	18,310	8,870	9,445	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	140	65	70	0.8	0.7	0.7
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	140	65	70	0.8	0.7	0.7
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	140	65	70	0.8	0.7	0.7
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	530	240	290	2.9	2.7	3.1
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	530	240	290	2.9	2.7	3.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	475	225	255	2.6	2.5	2.7
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	45	15	30	0.2	0.2	0.3
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	17,645	8,565	9,080	96.4	96.6	96.1
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	18,310	8,870	9,445	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	18,020	8,730	9,295	98.4	98.4	98.4
Canadian citizens aged under 18	3,765	1,890	1,875	20.6	21.3	19.9
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	14,255	6,840	7,415	77.9	77.1	78.5
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	295	145	150	1.6	1.6	1.6
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	18,310	8,870	9,445	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	17,215	8,300	8,915	94.0	93.6	94.4
Immigrants⁸¹	1,000	520	480	5.5	5.9	5.1
Before 1980	260	155	105	1.4	1.7	1.1
1980 to 1990	125	40	85	0.7	0.5	0.9
1991 to 2000	135	65	70	0.7	0.7	0.7
2001 to 2010	285	135	155	1.6	1.5	1.6
2011 to 2021⁸²	195	120	75	1.1	1.4	0.8
2011 to 2015	115	75	40	0.6	0.8	0.4
2016 to 2021	80	45	35	0.4	0.5	0.4
Non-permanent residents⁸³	95	50	50	0.5	0.6	0.5
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	1,000	520	480	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	130	75	55	13.0	14.4	11.5
5 to 14 years	130	65	65	13.0	12.5	13.5
15 to 24 years	190	100	90	19.0	19.2	18.8
25 to 44 years	485	240	245	48.5	46.2	51.0
45 years and over	65	40	20	6.5	7.7	4.2
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	1,000	520	480	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	185	80	105	18.5	15.4	21.9
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	10	0	10	1.0	0.0	2.1
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	40	30	10	4.0	5.8	2.1
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	40	10	35	4.0	1.9	7.3
Peru	10	0	10	1.0	0.0	2.1
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	25	15	10	2.5	2.9	2.1
Other places of birth in Americas	45	20	25	4.5	3.8	5.2
Europe	565	320	245	56.5	61.5	51.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	310	185	125	31.0	35.6	26.0
Germany	25	10	10	2.5	1.9	2.1
Greece	10	10	0	1.0	1.9	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	15	10	10	1.5	1.9	2.1
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portugal	10	10	0	1.0	1.9	0.0
Romania	25	15	10	2.5	2.9	2.1
Russian Federation	15	10	0	1.5	1.9	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	30	10	15	3.0	1.9	3.1
Other places of birth in Europe	100	50	50	10.0	9.6	10.4
Africa	120	70	55	12.0	13.5	11.5
Algeria	25	20	10	2.5	3.8	2.1
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	15	15	0	1.5	2.9	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	25	10	10	2.5	1.9	2.1
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	50	15	30	5.0	2.9	6.3
Asia	135	55	80	13.5	10.6	16.7
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	10	10	0	1.0	1.9	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	45	15	35	4.5	2.9	7.3
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	10	0	0	1.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	40	15	25	4.0	2.9	5.2
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	15	10	10	1.5	1.9	2.1
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	80	50	35	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	10	10	0	12.5	20.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	45	25	20	56.3	50.0	57.1
France	25	20	10	31.3	40.0	28.6
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	10	0	0	12.5	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	20	10	10	25.0	20.0	28.6
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	18,315	8,870	9,440	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	1,220	640	580	6.7	7.2	6.1
Second generation¹⁰¹	1,125	555	570	6.1	6.3	6.0
Third generation or more¹⁰²	15,970	7,680	8,295	87.2	86.6	87.9
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	740	360	375	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	445	230	215	60.1	63.9	57.3
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	260	165	95	35.1	45.8	25.3
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	185	65	120	25.0	18.1	32.0
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	230	115	115	31.1	31.9	30.7
Refugees¹⁰⁸	65	20	45	8.8	5.6	12.0
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	740	360	375	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	20	0	20	2.7	0.0	5.3
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	100	50	50	13.5	13.9	13.3
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	65	20	40	8.8	5.6	10.7
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	55	40	20	7.4	11.1	5.3
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	505	255	255	68.2	70.8	68.0
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	18,315	8,870	9,440	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	695	300	395	3.8	3.4	4.2
South Asian	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Chinese	115	40	75	0.6	0.5	0.8
Black	180	90	90	1.0	1.0	1.0
Filipino	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Arab	50	20	30	0.3	0.2	0.3
Latin American	110	30	80	0.6	0.3	0.8
Southeast Asian	140	70	65	0.8	0.8	0.7
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	25	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	17,620	8,565	9,050	96.2	96.6	95.9
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	18,310	8,870	9,440	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	5,755	2,755	3,000	31.4	31.1	31.8
English	485	245	240	2.6	2.8	2.5
Irish	1,250	620	630	6.8	7.0	6.7
Scottish	550	255	295	3.0	2.9	3.1
French, n.o.s.¹²²	6,600	3,200	3,405	36.0	36.1	36.1
German	355	165	185	1.9	1.9	2.0
Chinese	140	55	85	0.8	0.6	0.9
Italian	560	300	265	3.1	3.4	2.8
Indian (India)	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Ukrainian	70	55	20	0.4	0.6	0.2
Dutch	60	30	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
Polish	125	65	60	0.7	0.7	0.6
Québécois	2,130	1,085	1,045	11.6	12.2	11.1
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	35	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Filipino	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
French Canadian	1,725	825	905	9.4	9.3	9.6
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	280	130	150	1.5	1.5	1.6
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	265	115	145	1.4	1.3	1.5
Métis	40	15	30	0.2	0.2	0.3
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	240	110	135	1.3	1.2	1.4
Russian	40	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
Norwegian	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	130	60	70	0.7	0.7	0.7
American	155	75	85	0.8	0.8	0.9
Spanish	210	75	130	1.1	0.8	1.4
Swedish	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Hungarian	30	25	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Acadian	160	65	105	0.9	0.7	1.1
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	50	20	30	0.3	0.2	0.3
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	75	35	40	0.4	0.4	0.4
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Greek	50	20	25	0.3	0.2	0.3
Jamaican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Romanian	60	30	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
Lebanese	55	35	20	0.3	0.4	0.2
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	115	55	60	0.6	0.6	0.6
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	85	45	40	0.5	0.5	0.4
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Belgian	225	110	115	1.2	1.2	1.2
Haitian	105	55	55	0.6	0.6	0.6
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	45	15	30	0.2	0.2	0.3
Mennonite	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	35	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	55	30	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	20	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombian	50	20	30	0.3	0.2	0.3
Moroccan	25	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syrian	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Newfoundlander	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	20	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Algonquin	40	10	30	0.2	0.1	0.3
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	35	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	20	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	35	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	30	20	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	30	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	25	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	20	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	25	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	50	20	30	0.3	0.2	0.3
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	80	30	50	0.4	0.3	0.5
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	35	10	30	0.2	0.1	0.3
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	85	50	35	0.5	0.6	0.4
Norman	80	50	30	0.4	0.6	0.3
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	45	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	18,315	8,870	9,445	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	75	30	45	0.4	0.3	0.5
Christian	12,545	5,925	6,610	68.5	66.8	70.0
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	835	440	395	4.6	5.0	4.2
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	45	25	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
Baptist	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Catholic	11,275	5,250	6,020	61.6	59.2	63.7
Christian Orthodox	105	60	50	0.6	0.7	0.5
Jehovah's Witness	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lutheran	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	20	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	180	100	85	1.0	1.1	0.9
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	55	30	20	0.3	0.3	0.2
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	45	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
No religion and secular perspectives	5,595	2,855	2,735	30.5	32.2	29.0
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	18,155	8,780	9,380	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	16,435	7,965	8,460	90.5	90.7	90.2
Movers	1,725	810	915	9.5	9.2	9.8
Non-migrants	440	180	255	2.4	2.1	2.7
Migrants	1,285	625	660	7.1	7.1	7.0
Internal migrants	1,260	610	650	6.9	6.9	6.9
Intraprovincial migrants	1,235	600	635	6.8	6.8	6.8
Interprovincial migrants	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
External migrants	25	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	17,500	8,400	9,100	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	10,970	5,305	5,665	62.7	63.2	62.3
Movers	6,530	3,095	3,435	37.3	36.8	37.7
Non-migrants	1,500	685	815	8.6	8.2	9.0
Migrants	5,030	2,415	2,615	28.7	28.8	28.7
Internal migrants	4,895	2,350	2,545	28.0	28.0	28.0
Intraprovincial migrants	4,740	2,285	2,455	27.1	27.2	27.0
Interprovincial migrants	155	65	85	0.9	0.8	0.9
External migrants	140	65	75	0.8	0.8	0.8
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	15,170	7,280	7,890	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,745	960	790	11.5	13.2	10.0
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	13,425	6,320	7,105	88.5	86.8	90.1
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	9,380	4,480	4,905	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	620	390	225	6.6	8.7	4.6
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	8,760	4,080	4,680	93.4	91.1	95.4
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	15,175	7,285	7,890	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,550	830	725	10.2	11.4	9.2
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	2,905	1,360	1,545	19.1	18.7	19.6
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	10,710	5,090	5,620	70.6	69.9	71.2
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	5,555	2,650	2,905	36.6	36.4	36.8
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,670	985	685	11.0	13.5	8.7
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	1,220	605	615	8.0	8.3	7.8
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	450	380	70	3.0	5.2	0.9
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	3,005	1,305	1,700	19.8	17.9	21.5
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	880	365	515	5.8	5.0	6.5
Bachelor's degree or higher	5,160	2,440	2,715	34.0	33.5	34.4
Bachelor's degree	3,110	1,430	1,685	20.5	19.6	21.4
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	505	220	285	3.3	3.0	3.6
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	255	100	160	1.7	1.4	2.0
Master's degree	1,120	605	515	7.4	8.3	6.5
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	165	85	85	1.1	1.2	1.1
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	9,380	4,475	4,905	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	475	290	185	5.1	6.5	3.8
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,290	640	650	13.8	14.3	13.3
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	7,615	3,545	4,075	81.2	79.2	83.1
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	3,760	1,825	1,935	40.1	40.8	39.4
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,165	680	490	12.4	15.2	10.0
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	830	385	445	8.8	8.6	9.1
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	335	290	50	3.6	6.5	1.0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,995	885	1,105	21.3	19.8	22.5
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	595	260	330	6.3	5.8	6.7
Bachelor's degree or higher	3,860	1,715	2,140	41.2	38.3	43.6
Bachelor's degree	2,290	1,030	1,260	24.4	23.0	25.7
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	345	125	220	3.7	2.8	4.5
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	195	55	135	2.1	1.2	2.8
Master's degree	905	460	450	9.6	10.3	9.2
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	120	45	75	1.3	1.0	1.5
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	15,170	7,285	7,890	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	4,465	2,195	2,270	29.4	30.1	28.8
Education	790	155	635	5.2	2.1	8.0
13. Education	790	155	635	5.2	2.1	8.0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	460	155	305	3.0	2.1	3.9
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	60	25	35	0.4	0.3	0.4
50. Visual and performing arts	405	130	275	2.7	1.8	3.5
Humanities	620	280	340	4.1	3.8	4.3
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	85	15	65	0.6	0.2	0.8
23. English language and literature/letters	25	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	345	175	175	2.3	2.4	2.2
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	25	20	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
54. History	45	25	30	0.3	0.3	0.4
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	70	25	45	0.5	0.3	0.6
Social and behavioural sciences and law	965	325	635	6.4	4.5	8.0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	185	55	125	1.2	0.8	1.6
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	155	20	130	1.0	0.3	1.6
22. Legal professions and studies	160	75	90	1.1	1.0	1.1
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	45	0	35	0.3	0.0	0.4
42. Psychology	165	30	135	1.1	0.4	1.7
45. Social sciences	255	140	120	1.7	1.9	1.5
Business, management and public administration	2,830	1,205	1,625	18.7	16.5	20.6
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	125	15	110	0.8	0.2	1.4
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,700	1,185	1,515	17.8	16.3	19.2
Physical and life sciences and technologies	450	265	190	3.0	3.6	2.4
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	185	95	95	1.2	1.3	1.2
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	65	35	30	0.4	0.5	0.4
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	65	25	40	0.4	0.3	0.5
40. Physical sciences	125	110	15	0.8	1.5	0.2
41. Science technologies/technicians	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	480	310	170	3.2	4.3	2.2
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	385	285	105	2.5	3.9	1.3
25. Library science	25	0	25	0.2	0.0	0.3
27. Mathematics and statistics	65	25	40	0.4	0.3	0.5
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,725	1,585	140	11.4	21.8	1.8
04. Architecture and related services	65	45	25	0.4	0.6	0.3
14. Engineering	545	485	60	3.6	6.7	0.8
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	310	270	40	2.0	3.7	0.5
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	340	335	0	2.2	4.6	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	270	270	0	1.8	3.7	0.0
48. Precision production	185	170	10	1.2	2.3	0.1
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	325	125	200	2.1	1.7	2.5
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	275	105	180	1.8	1.4	2.3
03. Natural resources and conservation	50	20	30	0.3	0.3	0.4
Health and related fields	1,425	305	1,125	9.4	4.2	14.3
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	85	60	25	0.6	0.8	0.3
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,265	225	1,040	8.3	3.1	13.2
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	65	20	45	0.4	0.3	0.6
Personal, protective and transportation services	635	385	250	4.2	5.3	3.2
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	260	60	200	1.7	0.8	2.5
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	250	205	45	1.6	2.8	0.6
49. Transportation and materials moving	120	120	10	0.8	1.6	0.1
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	9,380	4,475	4,905	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	1,760	930	830	18.8	20.8	16.9
Education	490	85	405	5.2	1.9	8.3
13. Education	490	85	405	5.2	1.9	8.3
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	355	120	240	3.8	2.7	4.9
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	55	20	35	0.6	0.4	0.7
50. Visual and performing arts	305	100	205	3.3	2.2	4.2
Humanities	370	155	220	3.9	3.5	4.5
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	60	10	45	0.6	0.2	0.9
23. English language and literature/letters	20	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	200	95	100	2.1	2.1	2.0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
54. History	30	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	45	20	35	0.5	0.4	0.7
Social and behavioural sciences and law	700	190	505	7.5	4.2	10.3
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	145	35	105	1.5	0.8	2.1
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	105	0	100	1.1	0.0	2.0
22. Legal professions and studies	110	40	70	1.2	0.9	1.4
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	30	0	30	0.3	0.0	0.6
42. Psychology	135	20	115	1.4	0.4	2.3
45. Social sciences	165	80	90	1.8	1.8	1.8
Business, management and public administration	2,130	890	1,235	22.7	19.9	25.2
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	85	10	75	0.9	0.2	1.5
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,045	880	1,160	21.8	19.7	23.6
Physical and life sciences and technologies	245	145	100	2.6	3.2	2.0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	130	50	75	1.4	1.1	1.5
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	25	15	10	0.3	0.3	0.2
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	80	70	10	0.9	1.6	0.2
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	370	270	105	3.9	6.0	2.1
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	325	250	65	3.5	5.6	1.3
25. Library science	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	45	15	25	0.5	0.3	0.5
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,220	1,110	110	13.0	24.8	2.2
04. Architecture and related services	45	30	15	0.5	0.7	0.3
14. Engineering	400	340	60	4.3	7.6	1.2
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	210	185	20	2.2	4.1	0.4
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	240	235	0	2.6	5.3	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	200	200	0	2.1	4.5	0.0
48. Precision production	130	125	0	1.4	2.8	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	265	90	175	2.8	2.0	3.6
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	225	75	150	2.4	1.7	3.1
03. Natural resources and conservation	45	15	30	0.5	0.3	0.6
Health and related fields	990	215	780	10.6	4.8	15.9
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	65	45	20	0.7	1.0	0.4
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	860	150	710	9.2	3.4	14.5
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	60	20	40	0.6	0.4	0.8
Personal, protective and transportation services	475	280	195	5.1	6.3	4.0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	190	40	145	2.0	0.9	3.0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	195	160	40	2.1	3.6	0.8
49. Transportation and materials moving	80	75	10	0.9	1.7	0.2
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	9,380	4,475	4,905	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,760	930	830	18.8	20.8	16.9
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	7,620	3,545	4,070	81.2	79.2	83.0
Location of study inside Canada	7,275	3,380	3,890	77.6	75.5	79.3
Same as province or territory of residence	7,145	3,290	3,855	76.2	73.5	78.6
Different than province or territory of residence	130	90	40	1.4	2.0	0.8
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	345	165	180	3.7	3.7	3.7
Americas	75	25	50	0.8	0.6	1.0
United States of America	40	10	20	0.4	0.2	0.4
Mexico	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Europe	215	110	105	2.3	2.5	2.1
Belgium	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
France	145	75	65	1.5	1.7	1.3
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	25	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.3
Africa	15	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	30	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.4
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	15,175	7,285	7,890	...	...	...
In the labour force	10,015	5,075	4,940	...	...	...
Employed	9,425	4,760	4,665	...	...	...
Unemployed	590	310	275	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	5,160	2,210	2,950	...	...	...
Participation rate	66.0	69.7	62.6	66.0	69.7	62.6
Employment rate	62.1	65.3	59.1	62.1	65.3	59.1
Unemployment rate	5.9	6.1	5.6	5.9	6.1	5.6
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	15,170	7,285	7,890	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	4,815	2,055	2,765	31.7	28.2	35.0
Worked	10,360	5,235	5,125	68.3	71.9	65.0
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	5,700	3,150	2,555	37.6	43.2	32.4
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	4,660	2,085	2,575	30.7	28.6	32.6
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.2	43.0	41.4	42.2	43.0	41.4
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	10,015	5,075	4,940	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	170	80	90	1.7	1.6	1.8
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	9,840	4,995	4,850	98.3	98.4	98.2
Employee	8,210	4,065	4,145	82.0	80.1	83.9
Permanent position	6,910	3,500	3,410	69.0	69.0	69.0
Temporary position	1,300	565	735	13.0	11.1	14.9
Fixed term (1 year or more)	385	130	250	3.8	2.6	5.1
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	920	435	485	9.2	8.6	9.8
Self-employed¹⁹²	1,640	930	705	16.4	18.3	14.3
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	10,015	5,075	4,940	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	170	80	90	1.7	1.6	1.8
All occupations¹⁹¹	9,840	4,995	4,850	98.3	98.4	98.2
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	405	290	110	4.0	5.7	2.2
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,100	745	1,350	21.0	14.7	27.3
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	985	770	215	9.8	15.2	4.4
3 Health occupations	930	180	755	9.3	3.5	15.3
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,350	460	890	13.5	9.1	18.0
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	405	200	200	4.0	3.9	4.0
6 Sales and service occupations	2,190	1,030	1,165	21.9	20.3	23.6
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,160	1,080	80	11.6	21.3	1.6
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	115	100	15	1.1	2.0	0.3
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	215	140	70	2.1	2.8	1.4
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	10,015	5,075	4,940	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	170	80	90	1.7	1.6	1.8
All industries¹⁹¹	9,840	4,995	4,850	98.3	98.4	98.2
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	95	65	35	0.9	1.3	0.7
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	40	25	10	0.4	0.5	0.2
22 Utilities	130	100	30	1.3	2.0	0.6
23 Construction	660	505	155	6.6	10.0	3.1
31-33 Manufacturing	825	570	255	8.2	11.2	5.2
41 Wholesale trade	345	235	110	3.4	4.6	2.2
44-45 Retail trade	1,245	605	635	12.4	11.9	12.9
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	335	260	75	3.3	5.1	1.5
51 Information and cultural industries	245	170	80	2.4	3.3	1.6
52 Finance and insurance	580	330	250	5.8	6.5	5.1
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	135	40	95	1.3	0.8	1.9
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,105	665	440	11.0	13.1	8.9
55 Management of companies and enterprises	35	20	15	0.3	0.4	0.3
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	215	135	80	2.1	2.7	1.6
61 Educational services	855	265	590	8.5	5.2	11.9
62 Health care and social assistance	1,330	225	1,100	13.3	4.4	22.3
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	215	125	85	2.1	2.5	1.7
72 Accommodation and food services	365	170	195	3.6	3.3	3.9
81 Other services (except public administration)	450	165	285	4.5	3.3	5.8
91 Public administration	650	315	340	6.5	6.2	6.9
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	10,780	5,430	5,350	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	280	165	125	2.6	3.0	2.3
French	7,680	3,600	4,080	71.2	66.3	76.3
Non-official language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	2,730	1,620	1,110	25.3	29.8	20.7
English and non-official language(s)	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	75	40	35	0.7	0.7	0.7
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	10,780	5,430	5,350	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	10,485	5,250	5,235	97.3	96.7	97.9
Official languages	10,475	5,245	5,225	97.2	96.6	97.7
English	765	475	290	7.1	8.7	5.4
French	9,705	4,770	4,935	90.0	87.8	92.2
Non-official languages	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	300	180	120	2.8	3.3	2.2
English and French	285	175	110	2.6	3.2	2.1
English and non-official language(s)	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	10,780	5,430	5,350	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	8,235	3,925	4,310	76.4	72.3	80.6
English	2,005	1,170	840	18.6	21.5	15.7
French	470	300	170	4.4	5.5	3.2
Non-official language	20	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	20	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	20	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.4
French and non-official language(s)	20	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	9,425	4,765	4,665	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	2,605	1,300	1,305	27.6	27.3	28.0
Worked outside Canada	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
No fixed workplace address	870	645	225	9.2	13.5	4.8
Usual place of work	5,945	2,805	3,140	63.1	58.9	67.3
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	5,945	2,805	3,140	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,080	505	575	18.2	18.0	18.3
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,325	540	785	22.3	19.3	25.0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	3,525	1,755	1,775	59.3	62.6	56.5
Commute to a different province or territory	10	10	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	6,815	3,455	3,365	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	6,010	3,040	2,965	88.2	88.0	88.1
Car, truck or van - as a driver	5,725	2,920	2,805	84.0	84.5	83.4
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	285	120	165	4.2	3.5	4.9
Public transit	330	175	155	4.8	5.1	4.6
Walked	275	110	165	4.0	3.2	4.9
Bicycle	75	55	20	1.1	1.6	0.6
Other method	125	70	55	1.8	2.0	1.6
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	6,815	3,455	3,365	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	1,810	810	1,000	26.6	23.4	29.7
15 to 29 minutes	2,175	1,030	1,150	31.9	29.8	34.2
30 to 44 minutes	1,640	895	745	24.1	25.9	22.1
45 to 59 minutes	725	450	265	10.6	13.0	7.9
60 minutes and over	465	265	200	6.8	7.7	5.9
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	6,815	3,455	3,365	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	420	345	75	6.2	10.0	2.2
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,020	675	345	15.0	19.5	10.3
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	2,195	945	1,250	32.2	27.4	37.1
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,670	730	940	24.5	21.1	27.9
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	725	310	420	10.6	9.0	12.5
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	780	445	335	11.4	12.9	10.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	3,895	1,950	1,945	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	390	180	205	10.0	9.2	10.5
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	3,505	1,770	1,735	90.0	90.8	89.2
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	3,025	1,485	1,540	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	305	145	160	10.1	9.8	10.4
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	205	95	110	6.8	6.4	7.1
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	100	50	50	3.3	3.4	3.2
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,720	1,335	1,385	89.9	89.9	89.9

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 18, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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