Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Mirabel, Territoire équivalent (TÉ)More information: Quebec [Census division]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	61,108	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	50,513	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	21.0	...	...	21.0	...	...
Total private dwellings²	25,514	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	24,795	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	126.2	...	...	126.2	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	484.09	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	61,105	30,180	30,925	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	12,620	6,430	6,190	20.7	21.3	20.0
0 to 4 years	3,960	2,030	1,930	6.5	6.7	6.2
5 to 9 years	4,395	2,240	2,155	7.2	7.4	7.0
10 to 14 years	4,260	2,160	2,105	7.0	7.2	6.8
15 to 64 years	40,785	20,060	20,725	66.7	66.5	67.0
15 to 19 years	3,545	1,770	1,770	5.8	5.9	5.7
20 to 24 years	3,305	1,585	1,725	5.4	5.3	5.6
25 to 29 years	4,490	2,145	2,340	7.3	7.1	7.6
30 to 34 years	4,520	2,200	2,320	7.4	7.3	7.5
35 to 39 years	4,500	2,225	2,280	7.4	7.4	7.4
40 to 44 years	4,600	2,220	2,385	7.5	7.4	7.7
45 to 49 years	4,150	2,145	2,000	6.8	7.1	6.5
50 to 54 years	3,970	1,980	1,990	6.5	6.6	6.4
55 to 59 years	4,110	2,015	2,090	6.7	6.7	6.8
60 to 64 years	3,610	1,780	1,825	5.9	5.9	5.9
65 years and over	7,700	3,685	4,015	12.6	12.2	13.0
65 to 69 years	2,810	1,360	1,445	4.6	4.5	4.7
70 to 74 years	2,225	1,070	1,150	3.6	3.5	3.7
75 to 79 years	1,535	735	805	2.5	2.4	2.6
80 to 84 years	715	355	360	1.2	1.2	1.2
85 years and over	415	165	245	0.7	0.5	0.8
85 to 89 years	290	125	160	0.5	0.4	0.5
90 to 94 years	95	35	60	0.2	0.1	0.2
95 to 99 years	25	5	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
100 years and over	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	20.7	21.3	20.0	20.7	21.3	20.0
15 to 64 years	66.7	66.5	67.0	66.7	66.5	67.0
65 years and over	12.6	12.2	13.0	12.6	12.2	13.0
85 years and over	0.7	0.5	0.8	0.7	0.5	0.8
Average age of the population	37.6	37.3	37.9	37.6	37.3	37.9
Median age of the population	37.2	37.2	37.6	37.2	37.2	37.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	24,795	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	13,385	...	...	54.0	...	...
Semi-detached house	870	...	...	3.5	...	...
Row house	140	...	...	0.6	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	3,615	...	...	14.6	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	6,575	...	...	26.5	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	150	...	...	0.6	...	...
Other single-attached house	60	...	...	0.2	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	24,795	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	6,545	...	...	26.4	...	...
2 persons	8,625	...	...	34.8	...	...
3 persons	3,955	...	...	16.0	...	...
4 persons	3,895	...	...	15.7	...	...
5 or more persons	1,765	...	...	7.1	...	...
Number of persons in private households	60,850	30,050	30,805	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.5	...	...	2.5	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	48,490	23,750	24,740	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	30,025	14,980	15,050	61.9	63.1	60.8
Married	13,805	6,910	6,900	28.5	29.1	27.9
Living common-law	16,225	8,070	8,150	33.5	34.0	32.9
Living common law - Never married	13,595	6,760	6,835	28.0	28.5	27.6
Living common law - Separated	155	75	75	0.3	0.3	0.3
Living common law - Divorced	2,235	1,125	1,100	4.6	4.7	4.4
Living common law - Widowed	245	110	135	0.5	0.5	0.5
Not married and not living common-law	18,465	8,770	9,695	38.1	36.9	39.2
Not married and not living common law - Never married	13,690	7,075	6,615	28.2	29.8	26.7
Not married and not living common law - Separated	580	240	345	1.2	1.0	1.4
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	2,720	1,075	1,645	5.6	4.5	6.6
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	1,475	385	1,090	3.0	1.6	4.4
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	17,875	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	8,780	...	...	49.1	...	...
3 persons	3,860	...	...	21.6	...	...
4 persons	3,785	...	...	21.2	...	...
5 or more persons	1,450	...	...	8.1	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	17,880	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	14,900	...	...	83.3	...	...
Married couples	6,790	...	...	38.0	...	...
With children⁶	3,130	...	...	17.5	...	...
Without children	3,665	...	...	20.5	...	...
Common-law couples	8,110	...	...	45.4	...	...
With children⁶	4,630	...	...	25.9	...	...
Without children	3,480	...	...	19.5	...	...
Total one-parent families	2,975	...	...	16.6	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	2,105	...	...	11.8	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	870	...	...	4.9	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	60,850	30,050	30,805	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	52,010	25,665	26,345	85.5	85.4	85.5
Married spouses or common-law partners	29,805	14,860	14,940	49.0	49.5	48.5
Parents in one-parent families	2,980	875	2,105	4.9	2.9	6.8
Children⁶	19,235	9,935	9,300	31.6	33.1	30.2
In a two-parent family	14,585	7,500	7,080	24.0	25.0	23.0
In a one-parent family	4,650	2,430	2,220	7.6	8.1	7.2
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	8,840	4,380	4,455	14.5	14.6	14.5
Living alone	6,545	3,235	3,315	10.8	10.8	10.8
Living with other relatives⁷	1,020	435	585	1.7	1.4	1.9
Living with non-relatives only	1,275	715	560	2.1	2.4	1.8
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	24,795	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	16,570	...	...	66.8	...	...
Couple-family households	14,015	...	...	56.5	...	...
With children⁶	7,345	...	...	29.6	...	...
Without children	6,665	...	...	26.9	...	...
One-parent-family households	2,555	...	...	10.3	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	425	...	...	1.7	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	95	...	...	0.4	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	515	...	...	2.1	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	645	...	...	2.6	...	...
One-person households	6,545	...	...	26.4	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	48,245	23,625	24,620	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	47,090	23,105	23,985	97.6	97.8	97.4
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,400	54,000	40,800	46,400	54,000	40,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	47,110	23,115	23,995	97.6	97.8	97.5
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,400	45,200	36,400	40,400	45,200	36,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	44,085	22,050	22,035	91.4	93.3	89.5
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,800	48,400	30,800	38,800	48,400	30,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	38,485	19,640	18,845	79.8	83.1	76.5
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,400	49,200	33,200	40,400	49,200	33,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	38,410	17,500	20,915	79.6	74.1	85.0
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,800	8,200	11,200	9,800	8,200	11,200
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	7,210	3,715	3,495	14.9	15.7	14.2
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,600	5,480	5,800	5,600	5,480	5,800
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	16,055	8,225	7,830	33.3	34.8	31.8
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	6,000	8,000	6,000	6,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	48,245	23,620	24,620	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	47,180	23,120	24,065	97.8	97.9	97.7
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	53,350	60,900	46,040	53,350	60,900	46,040
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	47,205	23,125	24,075	97.8	97.9	97.8
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,560	48,320	39,000	43,560	48,320	39,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	44,045	21,960	22,085	91.3	93.0	89.7
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,840	55,850	37,880	46,840	55,850	37,880
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	38,485	19,640	18,845	79.8	83.1	76.5
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	47,000	54,200	39,480	47,000	54,200	39,480
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	38,570	17,555	21,010	79.9	74.3	85.3
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,750	10,360	12,900	11,750	10,360	12,900
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	7,215	3,665	3,550	15.0	15.5	14.4
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,120	6,090	8,190	7,120	6,090	8,190
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	15,915	8,185	7,735	33.0	34.7	31.4
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,590	6,950	8,280	7,590	6,950	8,280
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	48,240	23,620	24,620	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	19,145	10,280	8,870	39.7	43.5	36.0
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	60,400	67,000	52,800	60,400	67,000	52,800
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	66,700	73,500	58,850	66,700	73,500	58,850
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	15,560	7,455	8,110	32.3	31.6	32.9
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	21,400	28,800	18,200	21,400	28,800	18,200
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	30,600	37,320	24,400	30,600	37,320	24,400
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	82.0	87.0	75.6	82.0	87.0	75.6
Employment income (%)¹⁹	71.8	75.6	67.2	71.8	75.6	67.2
Government transfers (%)²⁰	18.0	12.9	24.5	18.0	12.9	24.5
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.0	1.6	2.6	2.0	1.6	2.6
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.5	4.5	6.8	5.5	4.5	6.8
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.8	4.0	5.8	4.8	4.0	5.8
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	48,240	23,620	24,625	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	1,155	520	640	2.4	2.2	2.6
With total income	47,085	23,105	23,985	97.6	97.8	97.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,670	1,120	1,550	5.7	4.8	6.5
$10,000 to $19,999	4,490	1,675	2,815	9.5	7.2	11.7
$20,000 to $29,999	6,315	2,525	3,790	13.4	10.9	15.8
$30,000 to $39,999	5,855	2,395	3,455	12.4	10.4	14.4
$40,000 to $49,999	6,235	2,750	3,485	13.2	11.9	14.5
$50,000 to $59,999	5,445	2,600	2,845	11.6	11.3	11.9
$60,000 to $69,999	4,180	2,360	1,820	8.9	10.2	7.6
$70,000 to $79,999	3,230	1,940	1,295	6.9	8.4	5.4
$80,000 to $89,999	2,555	1,535	1,025	5.4	6.6	4.3
$90,000 to $99,999	1,815	1,135	685	3.9	4.9	2.9
$100,000 and over	4,295	3,070	1,225	9.1	13.3	5.1
$100,000 to $149,999	3,340	2,335	1,000	7.1	10.1	4.2
$150,000 and over	960	735	225	2.0	3.2	0.9
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	48,240	23,620	24,625	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	1,135	505	630	2.4	2.1	2.6
With after-tax income	47,105	23,115	23,995	97.6	97.9	97.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,880	1,180	1,695	6.1	5.1	7.1
$10,000 to $19,999	4,835	1,820	3,015	10.3	7.9	12.6
$20,000 to $29,999	7,595	3,145	4,445	16.1	13.6	18.5
$30,000 to $39,999	7,810	3,375	4,435	16.6	14.6	18.5
$40,000 to $49,999	7,635	3,725	3,915	16.2	16.1	16.3
$50,000 to $59,999	5,865	3,265	2,605	12.5	14.1	10.9
$60,000 to $69,999	4,090	2,450	1,640	8.7	10.6	6.8
$70,000 to $79,999	2,600	1,530	1,070	5.5	6.6	4.5
$80,000 to $89,999	1,530	990	540	3.2	4.3	2.3
$90,000 to $99,999	900	620	285	1.9	2.7	1.2
$100,000 and over	1,380	1,030	345	2.9	4.5	1.4
$100,000 to $124,999	850	615	235	1.8	2.7	1.0
$125,000 and over	525	415	115	1.1	1.8	0.5
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	48,240	23,620	24,625	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	9,755	3,985	5,775	20.2	16.9	23.5
With employment income	38,485	19,640	18,845	79.8	83.1	76.5
Under $5,000 (including loss)	4,275	2,045	2,225	11.1	10.4	11.8
$5,000 to $9,999	2,805	1,130	1,675	7.3	5.8	8.9
$10,000 to $19,999	4,345	1,740	2,600	11.3	8.9	13.8
$20,000 to $29,999	3,695	1,470	2,220	9.6	7.5	11.8
$30,000 to $39,999	3,935	1,745	2,195	10.2	8.9	11.6
$40,000 to $49,999	3,985	1,810	2,175	10.4	9.2	11.5
$50,000 to $59,999	3,450	1,875	1,580	9.0	9.5	8.4
$60,000 to $69,999	2,930	1,745	1,190	7.6	8.9	6.3
$70,000 to $79,999	2,320	1,510	810	6.0	7.7	4.3
$80,000 to $89,999	2,060	1,225	840	5.4	6.2	4.5
$90,000 to $99,999	1,355	915	440	3.5	4.7	2.3
$100,000 and over	3,320	2,420	900	8.6	12.3	4.8
$100,000 to $124,999	1,895	1,350	540	4.9	6.9	2.9
$125,000 and over	1,430	1,070	355	3.7	5.4	1.9
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	48,245	23,625	24,620	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	46,300	22,680	23,620	96.0	96.0	95.9
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	44,400	52,800	37,600	44,400	52,800	37,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	46,325	22,685	23,640	96.0	96.0	96.0
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,400	44,400	33,600	38,400	44,400	33,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	43,470	21,725	21,745	90.1	92.0	88.3
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,000	50,000	32,000	40,000	50,000	32,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	38,395	19,510	18,885	79.6	82.6	76.7
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,800	50,400	33,600	40,800	50,400	33,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	33,560	14,530	19,030	69.6	61.5	77.3
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,200	4,160	7,850	6,200	4,160	7,850
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	6,560	3,450	3,110	13.6	14.6	12.6
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,640	4,200	5,360	4,640	4,200	5,360
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	48,245	23,620	24,620	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	46,410	22,740	23,675	96.2	96.3	96.2
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	50,920	59,150	43,000	50,920	59,150	43,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	46,440	22,740	23,695	96.3	96.3	96.2
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,560	46,880	36,440	41,560	46,880	36,440
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	43,440	21,695	21,745	90.0	91.9	88.3
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	47,600	56,950	38,280	47,600	56,950	38,280
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	38,205	19,400	18,810	79.2	82.1	76.4
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	47,640	55,450	39,560	47,640	55,450	39,560
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	33,790	14,605	19,190	70.0	61.8	77.9
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,720	7,500	9,650	8,720	7,500	9,650
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	6,345	3,315	3,030	13.2	14.0	12.3
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,720	5,360	8,210	6,720	5,360	8,210
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	48,240	23,620	24,620	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	19,075	10,260	8,815	39.5	43.4	35.8
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	57,600	66,000	48,400	57,600	66,000	48,400
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	63,450	71,000	54,700	63,450	71,000	54,700
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	14,830	7,055	7,775	30.7	29.9	31.6
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	26,800	36,000	22,000	26,800	36,000	22,000
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	35,120	43,000	27,960	35,120	43,000	27,960
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	87.6	91.8	81.8	87.6	91.8	81.8
Employment income (%)	77.0	80.0	73.0	77.0	80.0	73.0
Government transfers (%)	12.5	8.1	18.2	12.5	8.1	18.2
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.8	1.3	2.5	1.8	1.3	2.5
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	24,795	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	90,000	...	...	90,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	76,000	...	...	76,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	6,545	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	45,600	...	...	45,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	39,200	...	...	39,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	18,250	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	108,000	...	...	108,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	91,000	...	...	91,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	24,795	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	101,500	...	...	101,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	83,000	...	...	83,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	6,550	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	50,840	...	...	50,840	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	41,760	...	...	41,760	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	18,245	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	119,700	...	...	119,700	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	97,700	...	...	97,700	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	24,795	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	90	...	...	0.4	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	70	...	...	0.3	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	145	...	...	0.6	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	250	...	...	1.0	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	805	...	...	3.2	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	635	...	...	2.6	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	615	...	...	2.5	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	865	...	...	3.5	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	950	...	...	3.8	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	970	...	...	3.9	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,840	...	...	7.4	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,805	...	...	7.3	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,670	...	...	6.7	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,735	...	...	7.0	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,690	...	...	6.8	...	...
$100,000 and over	10,660	...	...	43.0	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,465	...	...	14.0	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,585	...	...	10.4	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	2,875	...	...	11.6	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,730	...	...	7.0	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	24,795	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	120	...	...	0.5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	75	...	...	0.3	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	160	...	...	0.6	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	275	...	...	1.1	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	895	...	...	3.6	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	800	...	...	3.2	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	825	...	...	3.3	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,165	...	...	4.7	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,155	...	...	4.7	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,190	...	...	4.8	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,230	...	...	9.0	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,215	...	...	8.9	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,185	...	...	8.8	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,060	...	...	8.3	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,790	...	...	7.2	...	...
$100,000 and over	7,655	...	...	30.9	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,505	...	...	14.1	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,070	...	...	8.3	...	...
$150,000 and over	2,080	...	...	8.4	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	17,805	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	108,000	...	...	108,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	91,000	...	...	91,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	6,725	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	93,000	...	...	93,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	78,000	...	...	78,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	7,805	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	137,000	...	...	137,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	113,000	...	...	113,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	2,860	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	75,000	...	...	75,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	65,000	...	...	65,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	7,815	3,945	3,875	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	44,000	50,400	38,800	44,000	50,400	38,800
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	38,400	42,400	34,800	38,400	42,400	34,800
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	17,805	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	119,500	...	...	119,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	97,500	...	...	97,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	6,780	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	103,600	...	...	103,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	84,100	...	...	84,100	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	7,770	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	147,600	...	...	147,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	119,600	...	...	119,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,870	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	81,400	...	...	81,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	69,200	...	...	69,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	7,850	3,935	3,915	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	49,600	54,150	45,040	49,600	54,150	45,040
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	40,920	43,400	38,440	40,920	43,400	38,440
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	60,850	30,050	30,800	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	14,825	7,510	7,320	24.4	25.0	23.8
0 to 5 years	4,840	2,495	2,345	8.0	8.3	7.6
18 to 64 years	38,435	18,885	19,545	63.2	62.8	63.5
65 years and over	7,590	3,650	3,940	12.5	12.1	12.8
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	4,040	1,775	2,265	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	890	480	415	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	310	165	145	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	1,975	885	1,095	...	...	...
65 years and over	1,170	415	760	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	6.6	5.9	7.4	6.6	5.9	7.4
0 to 17 years (%)	6.0	6.3	5.6	6.0	6.3	5.6
0 to 5 years (%)	6.4	6.5	6.3	6.4	6.5	6.3
18 to 64 years (%)	5.1	4.7	5.6	5.1	4.7	5.6
65 years and over (%)	15.5	11.4	19.2	15.5	11.4	19.2
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	60,850	30,050	30,805	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	14,825	7,510	7,315	24.4	25.0	23.7
0 to 5 years	4,840	2,495	2,345	8.0	8.3	7.6
18 to 64 years	38,435	18,890	19,550	63.2	62.9	63.5
65 years and over	7,590	3,655	3,935	12.5	12.2	12.8
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	1,265	585	680	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	215	105	115	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	75	40	35	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	845	415	430	...	...	...
65 years and over	200	70	135	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.1	1.9	2.2	2.1	1.9	2.2
0 to 17 years (%)	1.5	1.3	1.6	1.5	1.3	1.6
0 to 5 years (%)	1.6	1.6	1.5	1.6	1.6	1.5
18 to 64 years (%)	2.2	2.2	2.2	2.2	2.2	2.2
65 years and over (%)	2.6	1.9	3.4	2.6	1.9	3.4
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	60,850	30,050	30,805	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	29,370	14,005	15,365	48.3	46.6	49.9
In bottom decile	3,210	1,445	1,770	5.3	4.8	5.7
In second decile	5,200	2,350	2,855	8.5	7.8	9.3
In third decile	6,500	3,085	3,420	10.7	10.3	11.1
In fourth decile	7,060	3,490	3,575	11.6	11.6	11.6
In fifth decile	7,395	3,645	3,755	12.2	12.1	12.2
In top half of the distribution	31,475	16,040	15,440	51.7	53.4	50.1
In sixth decile	7,940	4,005	3,935	13.0	13.3	12.8
In seventh decile	7,660	3,920	3,735	12.6	13.0	12.1
In eighth decile	7,050	3,575	3,475	11.6	11.9	11.3
In ninth decile	5,570	2,855	2,720	9.2	9.5	8.8
In top decile	3,260	1,690	1,575	5.4	5.6	5.1
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	60,850	...	...	60,850	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.266	...	...	0.266	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.370	...	...	0.370	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.230	...	...	0.230	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	61,040	30,155	30,885	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	520	280	240	0.9	0.9	0.8
French only	32,105	15,090	17,015	52.6	50.0	55.1
English and French	28,245	14,710	13,535	46.3	48.8	43.8
Neither English nor French	175	75	100	0.3	0.2	0.3
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	61,040	30,155	30,885	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	2,205	1,160	1,050	3.6	3.8	3.4
French	57,785	28,485	29,300	94.7	94.5	94.9
English and French	880	440	440	1.4	1.5	1.4
Neither English nor French	170	75	100	0.3	0.2	0.3
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	61,040	30,155	30,885	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	59,735	29,490	30,245	97.9	97.8	97.9
Official languages	56,970	28,125	28,845	93.3	93.3	93.4
English	1,520	805	720	2.5	2.7	2.3
French	55,450	27,325	28,125	90.8	90.6	91.1
Non-official languages	2,765	1,365	1,400	4.5	4.5	4.5
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	2,765	1,365	1,400	4.5	4.5	4.5
Afro-Asiatic languages	605	315	290	1.0	1.0	0.9
Berber languages	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	575	300	275	0.9	1.0	0.9
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	575	300	275	0.9	1.0	0.9
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	85	35	50	0.1	0.1	0.2
Khmer (Cambodian)	40	15	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Vietnamese	45	15	30	0.1	0.0	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	20	5	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	95	50	45	0.2	0.2	0.1
Haitian Creole	75	40	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	35	15	15	0.1	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	30	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,650	820	830	2.7	2.7	2.7
Albanian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	35	15	15	0.1	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	130	60	75	0.2	0.2	0.2
Baltic languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	130	55	75	0.2	0.2	0.2
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	65	30	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	20	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	70	45	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Iranian languages	215	105	115	0.4	0.3	0.4
Indo-Aryan languages	65	35	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	25	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	150	70	80	0.2	0.2	0.3
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	135	60	70	0.2	0.2	0.2
Dari	105	50	55	0.2	0.2	0.2
Iranian Persian	20	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,170	580	590	1.9	1.9	1.9
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	155	85	65	0.3	0.3	0.2
Portuguese	280	135	140	0.5	0.4	0.5
Romanian	125	60	65	0.2	0.2	0.2
Spanish	615	300	315	1.0	1.0	1.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	75	40	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	80	35	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages	80	35	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	65	30	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	50	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Lao	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Thai	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	30	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	30	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	1,305	665	640	2.1	2.2	2.1
English and French	780	405	380	1.3	1.3	1.2
English and non-official language(s)	95	55	40	0.2	0.2	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	295	145	155	0.5	0.5	0.5
English, French and non-official language(s)	110	55	60	0.2	0.2	0.2
Multiple non-official languages	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	61,040	30,155	30,885	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	985	520	465	1.6	1.7	1.5
French	54,025	26,565	27,460	88.5	88.1	88.9
Non-official language	655	330	325	1.1	1.1	1.1
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	655	330	325	1.1	1.1	1.1
English and French	3,105	1,640	1,465	5.1	5.4	4.7
English and non-official language(s)	245	135	110	0.4	0.4	0.4
French and non-official language(s)	1,160	555	600	1.9	1.8	1.9
English, French and non-official language(s)	835	390	445	1.4	1.3	1.4
Multiple non-official languages	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	61,040	30,155	30,885	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	59,690	29,470	30,225	97.8	97.7	97.9
Official languages	58,460	28,870	29,585	95.8	95.7	95.8
English	1,605	845	765	2.6	2.8	2.5
French	56,855	28,030	28,825	93.1	93.0	93.3
Non-official languages	1,230	595	635	2.0	2.0	2.1
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,230	595	635	2.0	2.0	2.1
Afro-Asiatic languages	265	125	140	0.4	0.4	0.5
Berber languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	255	120	135	0.4	0.4	0.4
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	255	120	135	0.4	0.4	0.4
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	30	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	20	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	20	15	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	760	370	385	1.2	1.2	1.2
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	70	30	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	70	30	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	55	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	20	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	180	80	95	0.3	0.3	0.3
Indo-Aryan languages	55	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	20	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	120	50	70	0.2	0.2	0.2
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	110	45	65	0.2	0.1	0.2
Dari	90	40	55	0.1	0.1	0.2
Iranian Persian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	465	235	235	0.8	0.8	0.8
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	75	35	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	80	40	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Spanish	295	155	145	0.5	0.5	0.5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	55	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages	55	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	55	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	1,350	690	665	2.2	2.3	2.2
English and French	755	395	365	1.2	1.3	1.2
English and non-official language(s)	100	45	50	0.2	0.1	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	360	185	175	0.6	0.6	0.6
English, French and non-official language(s)	125	55	65	0.2	0.2	0.2
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	61,040	30,155	30,890	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	56,760	27,985	28,775	93.0	92.8	93.2
English	2,180	1,150	1,030	3.6	3.8	3.3
French	790	375	410	1.3	1.2	1.3
Non-official language	745	375	375	1.2	1.2	1.2
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	745	375	375	1.2	1.2	1.2
English and French	120	60	65	0.2	0.2	0.2
English and non-official language(s)	275	135	140	0.5	0.4	0.5
French and non-official language(s)	115	50	60	0.2	0.2	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	45	15	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	60,850	30,050	30,800	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	60,670	29,985	30,685	99.7	99.8	99.6
English	28,725	15,020	13,705	47.2	50.0	44.5
French	60,155	29,690	30,465	98.9	98.8	98.9
Non-official languages	5,235	2,425	2,815	8.6	8.1	9.1
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	5,230	2,420	2,815	8.6	8.1	9.1
Afro-Asiatic languages	920	415	505	1.5	1.4	1.6
Berber languages	80	35	50	0.1	0.1	0.2
Kabyle	50	15	35	0.1	0.0	0.1
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	905	415	490	1.5	1.4	1.6
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	900	415	490	1.5	1.4	1.6
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	220	100	115	0.4	0.3	0.4
Khmer (Cambodian)	95	50	45	0.2	0.2	0.1
Vietnamese	120	55	65	0.2	0.2	0.2
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	50	0	50	0.1	0.0	0.2
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	35	0	35	0.1	0.0	0.1
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	300	155	145	0.5	0.5	0.5
Haitian Creole	210	120	90	0.3	0.4	0.3
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	60	25	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Creole languages, n.i.e.	25	0	25	0.0	0.0	0.1
Dravidian languages	35	10	30	0.1	0.0	0.1
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	35	10	30	0.1	0.0	0.1
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	3,280	1,545	1,735	5.4	5.1	5.6
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	65	40	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Balto-Slavic languages	235	95	140	0.4	0.3	0.5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	230	90	140	0.4	0.3	0.5
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Russian	140	60	80	0.2	0.2	0.3
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	45	10	40	0.1	0.0	0.1
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	35	10	30	0.1	0.0	0.1
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	25	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	95	45	55	0.2	0.1	0.2
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	85	35	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
German	85	35	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	170	95	65	0.3	0.3	0.2
Indo-Iranian languages	325	150	170	0.5	0.5	0.6
Indo-Aryan languages	190	85	105	0.3	0.3	0.3
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	60	25	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	45	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	100	50	50	0.2	0.2	0.2
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	180	85	95	0.3	0.3	0.3
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	180	85	95	0.3	0.3	0.3
Dari	140	70	70	0.2	0.2	0.2
Iranian Persian	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	2,515	1,170	1,345	4.1	3.9	4.4
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	375	175	200	0.6	0.6	0.6
Portuguese	405	220	185	0.7	0.7	0.6
Romanian	65	25	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Spanish	1,805	790	1,015	3.0	2.6	3.3
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	50	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	210	105	105	0.3	0.3	0.3
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	55	20	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Wojenaka	20	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	65	30	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	80	35	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	60	25	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Sign languages, n.i.e.	20	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	110	40	70	0.2	0.1	0.2
Chinese languages	110	40	70	0.2	0.1	0.2
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	75	30	50	0.1	0.1	0.2
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	25	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	30	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	70	40	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Lao	65	40	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Thai	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	80	40	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	80	40	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	60,850	30,050	30,800	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	1,020	515	505	1.7	1.7	1.6
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	945	485	460	1.6	1.6	1.5
First Nations (North American Indian)	505	260	250	0.8	0.9	0.8
Métis	435	220	210	0.7	0.7	0.7
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	55	20	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-Indigenous identity	59,830	29,535	30,295	98.3	98.3	98.4
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	60,850	30,050	30,800	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	205	105	100	0.3	0.3	0.3
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	60,645	29,950	30,700	99.7	99.7	99.7
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	24,795	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	16,385	...	...	66.1	...	...
Renter	8,410	...	...	33.9	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	24,795	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	4,150	...	...	16.7	...	...
Not condominium	20,645	...	...	83.3	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	24,795	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	20	...	...	0.1	...	...
1 bedroom	2,900	...	...	11.7	...	...
2 bedrooms	7,390	...	...	29.8	...	...
3 bedrooms	8,770	...	...	35.4	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	5,710	...	...	23.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	24,795	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	7,250	...	...	29.2	...	...
5 rooms	4,670	...	...	18.8	...	...
6 rooms	2,985	...	...	12.0	...	...
7 rooms	2,950	...	...	11.9	...	...
8 or more rooms	6,935	...	...	28.0	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.2	...	...	6.2	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	24,795	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	24,685	...	...	99.6	...	...
More than one person per room	110	...	...	0.4	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	24,795	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	24,235	...	...	97.7	...	...
Not suitable	560	...	...	2.3	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	24,795	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	1,740	...	...	7.0	...	...
1961 to 1980	2,295	...	...	9.3	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,910	...	...	7.7	...	...
1991 to 2000	3,760	...	...	15.2	...	...
2001 to 2005	2,680	...	...	10.8	...	...
2006 to 2010	2,845	...	...	11.5	...	...
2011 to 2015	4,160	...	...	16.8	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	5,400	...	...	21.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	24,795	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	24,150	...	...	97.4	...	...
Major repairs needed	645	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	24,795	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	11,920	...	...	48.1	...	...
Two-maintainer household	12,435	...	...	50.2	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	440	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	24,795	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	725	...	...	2.9	...	...
25 to 34 years	4,665	...	...	18.8	...	...
35 to 44 years	5,240	...	...	21.1	...	...
45 to 54 years	4,780	...	...	19.3	...	...
55 to 64 years	4,615	...	...	18.6	...	...
65 to 74 years	3,100	...	...	12.5	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,380	...	...	5.6	...	...
85 years and over	290	...	...	1.2	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	24,550	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	21,200	...	...	86.4	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	3,350	...	...	13.6	...	...
30% to less than 100%	3,170	...	...	12.9	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	24,795	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	4,370	...	...	17.6	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	3,190	...	...	12.9	...	...
Not suitable only	485	...	...	2.0	...	...
Major repairs needed only	500	...	...	2.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	45	...	...	0.2	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	115	...	...	0.5	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	30	...	...	0.1	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	20,425	...	...	82.4	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	24,370	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	1,180	...	...	4.8	...	...
Not in core need	23,190	...	...	95.2	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	16,185	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	77.1	...	...	77.1	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	8.4	...	...	8.4	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	1.6	...	...	1.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,370	...	...	1,370	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,338	...	...	1,338	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	400,000	...	...	400,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	413,600	...	...	413,600	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	8,400	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	23.7	...	...	23.7	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	11.2	...	...	11.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	980	...	...	980	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,008	...	...	1,008	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	60,850	30,045	30,805	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	1,155	570	590	1.9	1.9	1.9
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	1,155	570	590	1.9	1.9	1.9
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	1,000	485	515	1.6	1.6	1.7
Métis single ancestry	150	75	75	0.2	0.2	0.2
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	1,700	915	780	2.8	3.0	2.5
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	1,700	915	780	2.8	3.0	2.5
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	1,495	815	685	2.5	2.7	2.2
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	180	95	85	0.3	0.3	0.3
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	57,990	28,560	29,430	95.3	95.1	95.5
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	60,850	30,050	30,805	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	59,775	29,535	30,235	98.2	98.3	98.1
Canadian citizens aged under 18	14,650	7,450	7,200	24.1	24.8	23.4
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	45,125	22,090	23,035	74.2	73.5	74.8
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	1,075	510	565	1.8	1.7	1.8
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	60,850	30,050	30,805	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	57,200	28,325	28,870	94.0	94.3	93.7
Immigrants⁸¹	3,350	1,565	1,785	5.5	5.2	5.8
Before 1980	450	245	210	0.7	0.8	0.7
1980 to 1990	345	165	175	0.6	0.5	0.6
1991 to 2000	540	230	310	0.9	0.8	1.0
2001 to 2010	965	440	525	1.6	1.5	1.7
2011 to 2021⁸²	1,045	480	570	1.7	1.6	1.9
2011 to 2015	585	260	325	1.0	0.9	1.1
2016 to 2021	460	220	240	0.8	0.7	0.8
Non-permanent residents⁸³	300	160	145	0.5	0.5	0.5
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	3,350	1,565	1,780	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	400	145	260	11.9	9.3	14.6
5 to 14 years	750	370	380	22.4	23.6	21.3
15 to 24 years	575	300	275	17.2	19.2	15.4
25 to 44 years	1,420	655	765	42.4	41.9	43.0
45 years and over	210	95	110	6.3	6.1	6.2
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	3,350	1,565	1,780	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	705	315	390	21.0	20.1	21.9
Brazil	30	10	15	0.9	0.6	0.8
Colombia	155	65	85	4.6	4.2	4.8
El Salvador	40	20	25	1.2	1.3	1.4
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	155	90	65	4.6	5.8	3.7
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	55	20	40	1.6	1.3	2.2
Peru	40	25	15	1.2	1.6	0.8
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	40	10	30	1.2	0.6	1.7
Other places of birth in Americas	190	70	120	5.7	4.5	6.7
Europe	945	475	470	28.2	30.4	26.4
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	10	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.6
France	440	230	215	13.1	14.7	12.1
Germany	20	0	10	0.6	0.0	0.6
Greece	30	25	0	0.9	1.6	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	35	15	15	1.0	1.0	0.8
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	25	15	10	0.7	1.0	0.6
Portugal	130	65	65	3.9	4.2	3.7
Romania	45	20	25	1.3	1.3	1.4
Russian Federation	35	20	15	1.0	1.3	0.8
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	45	20	25	1.3	1.3	1.4
United Kingdom⁸⁷	10	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.6
Other places of birth in Europe	105	50	55	3.1	3.2	3.1
Africa	895	405	490	26.7	25.9	27.5
Algeria	140	55	85	4.2	3.5	4.8
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	65	30	30	1.9	1.9	1.7
Egypt	75	45	25	2.2	2.9	1.4
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	275	120	155	8.2	7.7	8.7
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	340	155	180	10.1	9.9	10.1
Asia	800	360	435	23.9	23.0	24.4
Afghanistan	90	35	55	2.7	2.2	3.1
Iran⁸⁸	30	15	15	0.9	1.0	0.8
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	150	80	75	4.5	5.1	4.2
Syria⁸⁹	25	10	15	0.7	0.6	0.8
Turkey	45	25	20	1.3	1.6	1.1
China⁹⁰	50	15	35	1.5	1.0	2.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	10	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.6
Korea, South⁹²	50	25	25	1.5	1.6	1.4
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	35	0	35	1.0	0.0	2.0
Viet Nam	65	25	40	1.9	1.6	2.2
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	50	25	25	1.5	1.6	1.4
Sri Lanka	40	15	25	1.2	1.0	1.4
Other places of birth in Asia	135	65	65	4.0	4.2	3.7
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	460	225	240	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	100	45	55	21.7	20.0	22.9
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	10	0	0	2.2	0.0	0.0
Haiti	25	10	10	5.4	4.4	4.2
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	10	10	0	2.2	4.4	0.0
United States of America	10	0	10	2.2	0.0	4.2
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	35	15	25	7.6	6.7	10.4
Europe	145	90	60	31.5	40.0	25.0
France	120	70	50	26.1	31.1	20.8
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	25	20	0	5.4	8.9	0.0
Africa	135	55	80	29.3	24.4	33.3
Algeria	10	0	10	2.2	0.0	4.2
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	15	10	0	3.3	4.4	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	10	0	10	2.2	0.0	4.2
Egypt	10	10	0	2.2	4.4	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	55	20	35	12.0	8.9	14.6
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	10	10	0	2.2	4.4	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	15	0	10	3.3	0.0	4.2
Asia	75	30	50	16.3	13.3	20.8
Afghanistan	10	10	0	2.2	4.4	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	10	0	10	2.2	0.0	4.2
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	15	10	0	3.3	4.4	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	15	10	10	3.3	4.4	4.2
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	15	0	15	3.3	0.0	6.3
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	60,850	30,050	30,800	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	3,855	1,795	2,055	6.3	6.0	6.7
Second generation¹⁰¹	3,805	1,985	1,815	6.3	6.6	5.9
Third generation or more¹⁰²	53,195	26,270	26,930	87.4	87.4	87.4
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	2,895	1,320	1,580	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	1,470	695	780	50.8	52.7	49.4
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	605	330	275	20.9	25.0	17.4
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	860	355	505	29.7	26.9	32.0
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	865	365	500	29.9	27.7	31.6
Refugees¹⁰⁸	525	255	275	18.1	19.3	17.4
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	35	10	25	1.2	0.8	1.6
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	2,895	1,320	1,580	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	255	135	120	8.8	10.2	7.6
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	245	105	140	8.5	8.0	8.9
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	80	45	40	2.8	3.4	2.5
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	155	85	70	5.4	6.4	4.4
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	10	0	0	0.3	0.0	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	2,150	940	1,205	74.3	71.2	76.3
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	60,850	30,050	30,800	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	3,985	1,845	2,140	6.5	6.1	6.9
South Asian	260	115	140	0.4	0.4	0.5
Chinese	155	40	115	0.3	0.1	0.4
Black	1,175	580	595	1.9	1.9	1.9
Filipino	55	0	55	0.1	0.0	0.2
Arab	945	440	505	1.6	1.5	1.6
Latin American	600	285	315	1.0	0.9	1.0
Southeast Asian	380	190	195	0.6	0.6	0.6
West Asian	195	95	95	0.3	0.3	0.3
Korean	75	35	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple visible minorities	120	40	80	0.2	0.1	0.3
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	56,865	28,200	28,660	93.5	93.8	93.1
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	60,850	30,050	30,800	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	23,305	11,410	11,895	38.3	38.0	38.6
English	815	390	430	1.3	1.3	1.4
Irish	3,000	1,395	1,605	4.9	4.6	5.2
Scottish	860	425	435	1.4	1.4	1.4
French, n.o.s.¹²²	12,940	6,430	6,510	21.3	21.4	21.1
German	705	295	410	1.2	1.0	1.3
Chinese	285	90	195	0.5	0.3	0.6
Italian	1,885	905	980	3.1	3.0	3.2
Indian (India)	130	70	65	0.2	0.2	0.2
Ukrainian	180	95	85	0.3	0.3	0.3
Dutch	35	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Polish	245	110	135	0.4	0.4	0.4
Québécois	9,525	4,775	4,750	15.7	15.9	15.4
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	155	105	50	0.3	0.3	0.2
Filipino	65	0	65	0.1	0.0	0.2
French Canadian	4,775	2,380	2,390	7.8	7.9	7.8
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	1,125	545	580	1.8	1.8	1.9
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	1,335	705	630	2.2	2.3	2.0
Métis	340	175	160	0.6	0.6	0.5
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	680	310	370	1.1	1.0	1.2
Russian	80	35	50	0.1	0.1	0.2
Norwegian	75	30	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Welsh	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	625	305	315	1.0	1.0	1.0
American	230	115	120	0.4	0.4	0.4
Spanish	405	185	225	0.7	0.6	0.7
Swedish	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	75	35	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Acadian	530	215	310	0.9	0.7	1.0
Pakistani	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	115	45	70	0.2	0.1	0.2
Jewish	45	30	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	150	70	80	0.2	0.2	0.3
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	280	125	155	0.5	0.4	0.5
Greek	335	165	170	0.6	0.5	0.6
Jamaican	40	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	55	30	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Korean	70	35	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	60	25	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Lebanese	345	160	180	0.6	0.5	0.6
Iranian	55	30	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	780	390	390	1.3	1.3	1.3
Danish	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	300	165	135	0.5	0.5	0.4
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belgian	405	190	215	0.7	0.6	0.7
Haitian	580	315	260	1.0	1.0	0.8
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	140	70	70	0.2	0.2	0.2
Mennonite	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	140	70	70	0.2	0.2	0.2
Finnish	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lankan	35	10	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
Croatian	70	25	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	130	55	75	0.2	0.2	0.2
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	120	70	55	0.2	0.2	0.2
Egyptian	125	65	55	0.2	0.2	0.2
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	65	35	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombian	200	95	100	0.3	0.3	0.3
Moroccan	335	150	185	0.6	0.5	0.6
Czech	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syrian	75	30	50	0.1	0.1	0.2
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	130	60	70	0.2	0.2	0.2
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	30	20	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Konger	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	50	35	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	60	35	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	160	55	110	0.3	0.2	0.4
Brazilian	50	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	75	45	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slovak	20	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	75	35	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
African Caribbean	25	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	30	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	185	85	100	0.3	0.3	0.3
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	70	55	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
Congolese	35	15	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	80	45	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	150	70	80	0.2	0.2	0.3
Berber	45	15	30	0.1	0.0	0.1
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	20	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	85	45	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
New Brunswicker	70	40	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	70	25	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	60	45	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	55	35	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	175	95	80	0.3	0.3	0.3
Latvian	15	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	100	55	45	0.2	0.2	0.1
Guatemalan	80	25	50	0.1	0.1	0.2
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	115	50	65	0.2	0.2	0.2
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	25	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	45	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Franco Ontarian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	40	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	80	35	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Coptic	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Thai	25	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Dominican	30	20	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	50	10	40	0.1	0.0	0.1
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	110	30	85	0.2	0.1	0.3
Moldovan	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	70	30	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	135	70	65	0.2	0.2	0.2
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	35	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Huron (Wendat)	70	50	15	0.1	0.2	0.0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	115	60	55	0.2	0.2	0.2
Norman	90	30	60	0.1	0.1	0.2
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	15	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	40	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	25	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	50	15	35	0.1	0.0	0.1
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	60,850	30,045	30,800	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	225	95	130	0.4	0.3	0.4
Christian	38,855	18,740	20,110	63.9	62.4	65.3
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	3,170	1,590	1,585	5.2	5.3	5.1
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	35	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Baptist	90	45	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Catholic	34,475	16,540	17,935	56.7	55.1	58.2
Christian Orthodox	405	215	190	0.7	0.7	0.6
Jehovah's Witness	170	85	80	0.3	0.3	0.3
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lutheran	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	65	30	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	35	15	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	390	190	200	0.6	0.6	0.6
Hindu	45	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Jewish	50	35	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Muslim	1,140	535	605	1.9	1.8	2.0
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	75	50	25	0.1	0.2	0.1
No religion and secular perspectives	20,430	10,550	9,885	33.6	35.1	32.1
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	60,085	29,615	30,470	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	52,455	26,075	26,380	87.3	88.0	86.6
Movers	7,630	3,540	4,090	12.7	12.0	13.4
Non-migrants	2,860	1,320	1,545	4.8	4.5	5.1
Migrants	4,775	2,220	2,545	7.9	7.5	8.4
Internal migrants	4,705	2,185	2,520	7.8	7.4	8.3
Intraprovincial migrants	4,655	2,170	2,485	7.7	7.3	8.2
Interprovincial migrants	55	20	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
External migrants	65	40	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	56,890	28,020	28,875	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	29,920	15,155	14,775	52.6	54.1	51.2
Movers	26,970	12,865	14,105	47.4	45.9	48.8
Non-migrants	6,655	3,245	3,410	11.7	11.6	11.8
Migrants	20,315	9,620	10,695	35.7	34.3	37.0
Internal migrants	19,805	9,355	10,445	34.8	33.4	36.2
Intraprovincial migrants	19,550	9,225	10,320	34.4	32.9	35.7
Interprovincial migrants	255	130	125	0.4	0.5	0.4
External migrants	515	265	245	0.9	0.9	0.8
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	48,240	23,620	24,620	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	10,320	5,775	4,540	21.4	24.4	18.4
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	37,925	17,845	20,080	78.6	75.6	81.6
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	33,825	16,585	17,245	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	5,180	3,155	2,025	15.3	19.0	11.7
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	28,645	13,430	15,215	84.7	81.0	88.2
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	48,245	23,620	24,620	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	8,640	4,640	4,000	17.9	19.6	16.2
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	11,160	5,420	5,740	23.1	22.9	23.3
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	28,445	13,565	14,885	59.0	57.4	60.5
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	21,395	11,010	10,380	44.3	46.6	42.2
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	10,485	6,480	4,005	21.7	27.4	16.3
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	7,410	3,890	3,520	15.4	16.5	14.3
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	3,075	2,585	490	6.4	10.9	2.0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	9,205	3,900	5,300	19.1	16.5	21.5
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,705	635	1,070	3.5	2.7	4.3
Bachelor's degree or higher	7,055	2,550	4,505	14.6	10.8	18.3
Bachelor's degree	5,075	1,855	3,225	10.5	7.9	13.1
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	690	225	465	1.4	1.0	1.9
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	105	50	55	0.2	0.2	0.2
Master's degree	1,055	375	685	2.2	1.6	2.8
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	125	50	75	0.3	0.2	0.3
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	33,825	16,580	17,240	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	3,845	2,265	1,580	11.4	13.7	9.2
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	6,370	3,165	3,205	18.8	19.1	18.6
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	23,610	11,155	12,455	69.8	67.3	72.2
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	17,365	9,005	8,365	51.3	54.3	48.5
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	8,715	5,350	3,365	25.8	32.3	19.5
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	6,115	3,155	2,965	18.1	19.0	17.2
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	2,600	2,195	405	7.7	13.2	2.3
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	7,305	3,160	4,145	21.6	19.1	24.0
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,345	495	850	4.0	3.0	4.9
Bachelor's degree or higher	6,245	2,155	4,095	18.5	13.0	23.8
Bachelor's degree	4,490	1,565	2,920	13.3	9.4	16.9
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	595	175	420	1.8	1.1	2.4
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	100	45	60	0.3	0.3	0.3
Master's degree	955	325	635	2.8	2.0	3.7
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	105	45	65	0.3	0.3	0.4
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	48,245	23,625	24,625	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	19,800	10,060	9,740	41.0	42.6	39.6
Education	1,905	330	1,570	3.9	1.4	6.4
13. Education	1,905	330	1,570	3.9	1.4	6.4
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	955	370	585	2.0	1.6	2.4
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	180	125	60	0.4	0.5	0.2
50. Visual and performing arts	780	245	530	1.6	1.0	2.2
Humanities	1,095	350	750	2.3	1.5	3.0
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	135	15	125	0.3	0.1	0.5
23. English language and literature/letters	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	735	265	470	1.5	1.1	1.9
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
54. History	45	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	130	25	110	0.3	0.1	0.4
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,075	375	1,700	4.3	1.6	6.9
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	220	45	175	0.5	0.2	0.7
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	700	30	670	1.5	0.1	2.7
22. Legal professions and studies	330	55	275	0.7	0.2	1.1
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	40	0	40	0.1	0.0	0.2
42. Psychology	335	55	290	0.7	0.2	1.2
45. Social sciences	430	185	240	0.9	0.8	1.0
Business, management and public administration	6,310	2,015	4,295	13.1	8.5	17.4
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	405	55	345	0.8	0.2	1.4
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	5,900	1,955	3,945	12.2	8.3	16.0
Physical and life sciences and technologies	740	340	400	1.5	1.4	1.6
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	255	85	175	0.5	0.4	0.7
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	120	75	45	0.2	0.3	0.2
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	150	65	85	0.3	0.3	0.3
40. Physical sciences	140	95	45	0.3	0.4	0.2
41. Science technologies/technicians	80	20	55	0.2	0.1	0.2
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	925	665	265	1.9	2.8	1.1
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	820	630	185	1.7	2.7	0.8
25. Library science	50	0	50	0.1	0.0	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	45	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	7,120	6,570	550	14.8	27.8	2.2
04. Architecture and related services	200	105	95	0.4	0.4	0.4
14. Engineering	810	680	130	1.7	2.9	0.5
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	1,130	980	150	2.3	4.1	0.6
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	2,160	2,090	70	4.5	8.8	0.3
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,870	1,800	70	3.9	7.6	0.3
48. Precision production	950	910	40	2.0	3.9	0.2
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	620	355	265	1.3	1.5	1.1
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	520	260	250	1.1	1.1	1.0
03. Natural resources and conservation	100	85	15	0.2	0.4	0.1
Health and related fields	3,340	415	2,925	6.9	1.8	11.9
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	240	100	135	0.5	0.4	0.5
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	3,085	310	2,775	6.4	1.3	11.3
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,355	1,785	1,575	7.0	7.6	6.4
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	1,385	245	1,140	2.9	1.0	4.6
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	890	590	300	1.8	2.5	1.2
49. Transportation and materials moving	1,065	935	130	2.2	4.0	0.5
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	33,825	16,580	17,240	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	10,215	5,425	4,785	30.2	32.7	27.8
Education	1,520	225	1,295	4.5	1.4	7.5
13. Education	1,520	225	1,295	4.5	1.4	7.5
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	745	280	465	2.2	1.7	2.7
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	150	100	50	0.4	0.6	0.3
50. Visual and performing arts	590	175	415	1.7	1.1	2.4
Humanities	770	230	540	2.3	1.4	3.1
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	115	0	105	0.3	0.0	0.6
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	500	190	310	1.5	1.1	1.8
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
54. History	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	120	20	100	0.4	0.1	0.6
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,810	300	1,510	5.4	1.8	8.8
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	205	40	165	0.6	0.2	1.0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	640	30	615	1.9	0.2	3.6
22. Legal professions and studies	275	45	225	0.8	0.3	1.3
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	35	0	35	0.1	0.0	0.2
42. Psychology	300	40	255	0.9	0.2	1.5
45. Social sciences	345	140	205	1.0	0.8	1.2
Business, management and public administration	5,370	1,650	3,720	15.9	10.0	21.6
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	355	50	305	1.0	0.3	1.8
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	5,010	1,605	3,410	14.8	9.7	19.8
Physical and life sciences and technologies	570	275	295	1.7	1.7	1.7
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	230	70	160	0.7	0.4	0.9
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	95	70	25	0.3	0.4	0.1
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	50	30	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
40. Physical sciences	125	80	45	0.4	0.5	0.3
41. Science technologies/technicians	70	20	45	0.2	0.1	0.3
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	800	585	215	2.4	3.5	1.2
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	720	565	155	2.1	3.4	0.9
25. Library science	45	0	40	0.1	0.0	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	30	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	5,965	5,490	475	17.6	33.1	2.8
04. Architecture and related services	180	100	80	0.5	0.6	0.5
14. Engineering	740	625	115	2.2	3.8	0.7
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	890	775	115	2.6	4.7	0.7
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	1,805	1,750	55	5.3	10.6	0.3
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,565	1,495	70	4.6	9.0	0.4
48. Precision production	785	750	35	2.3	4.5	0.2
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	475	260	210	1.4	1.6	1.2
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	395	200	200	1.2	1.2	1.2
03. Natural resources and conservation	80	65	15	0.2	0.4	0.1
Health and related fields	2,765	365	2,405	8.2	2.2	14.0
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	195	90	105	0.6	0.5	0.6
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	2,560	270	2,290	7.6	1.6	13.3
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,830	1,500	1,330	8.4	9.0	7.7
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	1,155	200	955	3.4	1.2	5.5
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	765	505	260	2.3	3.0	1.5
49. Transportation and materials moving	905	785	120	2.7	4.7	0.7
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	33,825	16,580	17,240	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	10,215	5,425	4,785	30.2	32.7	27.8
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	23,610	11,155	12,455	69.8	67.3	72.2
Location of study inside Canada	22,575	10,655	11,925	66.7	64.3	69.2
Same as province or territory of residence	22,230	10,515	11,715	65.7	63.4	68.0
Different than province or territory of residence	345	140	210	1.0	0.8	1.2
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	1,030	500	530	3.0	3.0	3.1
Americas	305	140	160	0.9	0.8	0.9
United States of America	95	65	25	0.3	0.4	0.1
Mexico	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Cuba	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	40	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Colombia	40	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Peru	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Other locations of study in Americas	60	15	45	0.2	0.1	0.3
Europe	365	190	180	1.1	1.1	1.0
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	235	120	115	0.7	0.7	0.7
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Russian Federation	15	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Ukraine	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	15	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	15	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Africa	240	130	105	0.7	0.8	0.6
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	55	30	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Morocco	95	55	45	0.3	0.3	0.3
Tunisia	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Egypt	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	50	30	25	0.1	0.2	0.1
Asia	115	40	75	0.3	0.2	0.4
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	15	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Other locations of study in Asia	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Oceania	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Australia	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	48,245	23,620	24,620	...	...	...
In the labour force	35,555	18,060	17,495	...	...	...
Employed	33,640	17,145	16,495	...	...	...
Unemployed	1,925	920	1,005	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	12,685	5,560	7,125	...	...	...
Participation rate	73.7	76.5	71.1	73.7	76.5	71.1
Employment rate	69.7	72.6	67.0	69.7	72.6	67.0
Unemployment rate	5.4	5.1	5.7	5.4	5.1	5.7
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	48,245	23,625	24,625	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	12,660	5,340	7,315	26.2	22.6	29.7
Worked	35,585	18,280	17,305	73.8	77.4	70.3
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	19,485	10,510	8,975	40.4	44.5	36.4
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	16,100	7,770	8,330	33.4	32.9	33.8
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.4	43.1	41.7	42.4	43.1	41.7
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	35,560	18,065	17,495	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	475	210	265	1.3	1.2	1.5
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	35,085	17,855	17,235	98.7	98.8	98.5
Employee	30,755	15,255	15,495	86.5	84.4	88.6
Permanent position	26,805	13,570	13,230	75.4	75.1	75.6
Temporary position	3,950	1,685	2,265	11.1	9.3	12.9
Fixed term (1 year or more)	1,115	370	745	3.1	2.0	4.3
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	2,830	1,310	1,515	8.0	7.3	8.7
Self-employed¹⁹²	4,330	2,595	1,735	12.2	14.4	9.9
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	35,560	18,065	17,495	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	475	210	265	1.3	1.2	1.5
All occupations¹⁹¹	35,085	17,855	17,235	98.7	98.8	98.5
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	705	500	200	2.0	2.8	1.1
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	5,990	1,670	4,320	16.8	9.2	24.7
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	2,240	1,685	555	6.3	9.3	3.2
3 Health occupations	2,565	300	2,260	7.2	1.7	12.9
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	4,240	985	3,255	11.9	5.5	18.6
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	750	300	450	2.1	1.7	2.6
6 Sales and service occupations	8,725	3,765	4,965	24.5	20.8	28.4
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	7,460	6,810	645	21.0	37.7	3.7
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	760	580	185	2.1	3.2	1.1
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,650	1,255	395	4.6	6.9	2.3
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	35,560	18,065	17,495	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	475	210	265	1.3	1.2	1.5
All industries¹⁹¹	35,085	17,855	17,235	98.7	98.8	98.5
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	630	400	235	1.8	2.2	1.3
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	125	110	20	0.4	0.6	0.1
22 Utilities	255	205	55	0.7	1.1	0.3
23 Construction	4,200	3,615	585	11.8	20.0	3.3
31-33 Manufacturing	4,170	2,970	1,200	11.7	16.4	6.9
41 Wholesale trade	1,345	805	545	3.8	4.5	3.1
44-45 Retail trade	4,835	2,270	2,565	13.6	12.6	14.7
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,875	1,330	540	5.3	7.4	3.1
51 Information and cultural industries	405	225	175	1.1	1.2	1.0
52 Finance and insurance	985	375	605	2.8	2.1	3.5
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	405	195	210	1.1	1.1	1.2
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	2,160	1,025	1,135	6.1	5.7	6.5
55 Management of companies and enterprises	35	10	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,300	705	595	3.7	3.9	3.4
61 Educational services	2,195	465	1,730	6.2	2.6	9.9
62 Health care and social assistance	4,530	525	4,005	12.7	2.9	22.9
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	525	270	255	1.5	1.5	1.5
72 Accommodation and food services	1,580	620	970	4.4	3.4	5.5
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,595	700	890	4.5	3.9	5.1
91 Public administration	1,925	1,035	890	5.4	5.7	5.1
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	37,530	19,115	18,415	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	810	475	340	2.2	2.5	1.8
French	27,575	13,760	13,810	73.5	72.0	75.0
Non-official language	40	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	40	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and French	8,825	4,735	4,090	23.5	24.8	22.2
English and non-official language(s)	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	55	30	25	0.1	0.2	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	205	95	115	0.5	0.5	0.6
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	37,530	19,115	18,415	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	36,105	18,285	17,820	96.2	95.7	96.8
Official languages	36,050	18,255	17,795	96.1	95.5	96.6
English	2,110	1,165	945	5.6	6.1	5.1
French	33,940	17,090	16,850	90.4	89.4	91.5
Non-official languages	55	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	55	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	1,425	835	590	3.8	4.4	3.2
English and French	1,380	820	560	3.7	4.3	3.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	37,530	19,115	18,415	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	29,780	15,050	14,730	79.3	78.7	80.0
English	6,245	3,270	2,975	16.6	17.1	16.2
French	1,275	675	605	3.4	3.5	3.3
Non-official language	90	50	40	0.2	0.3	0.2
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	90	50	40	0.2	0.3	0.2
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	95	40	55	0.3	0.2	0.3
French and non-official language(s)	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	33,640	17,145	16,495	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	5,475	2,495	2,985	16.3	14.6	18.1
Worked outside Canada	40	35	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
No fixed workplace address	4,645	3,655	990	13.8	21.3	6.0
Usual place of work	23,475	10,960	12,515	69.8	63.9	75.9
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	23,475	10,960	12,515	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	5,630	2,775	2,855	24.0	25.3	22.8
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	17,775	8,130	9,640	75.7	74.2	77.0
Commute to a different province or territory	70	50	20	0.3	0.5	0.2
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	28,125	14,615	13,510	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	26,710	13,985	12,725	95.0	95.7	94.2
Car, truck or van - as a driver	25,655	13,500	12,155	91.2	92.4	90.0
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	1,050	490	570	3.7	3.4	4.2
Public transit	365	125	240	1.3	0.9	1.8
Walked	640	275	370	2.3	1.9	2.7
Bicycle	110	85	25	0.4	0.6	0.2
Other method	290	140	155	1.0	1.0	1.1
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	28,125	14,615	13,510	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	5,830	2,730	3,095	20.7	18.7	22.9
15 to 29 minutes	10,940	5,105	5,840	38.9	34.9	43.2
30 to 44 minutes	6,790	3,835	2,955	24.1	26.2	21.9
45 to 59 minutes	2,465	1,550	910	8.8	10.6	6.7
60 minutes and over	2,100	1,395	710	7.5	9.5	5.3
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	28,125	14,615	13,510	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	3,530	2,845	685	12.6	19.5	5.1
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	5,530	3,395	2,130	19.7	23.2	15.8
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	7,675	3,345	4,335	27.3	22.9	32.1
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	4,570	1,625	2,940	16.2	11.1	21.8
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	2,545	985	1,555	9.0	6.7	11.5
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	4,280	2,420	1,860	15.2	16.6	13.8
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	15,065	7,640	7,425	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,685	865	820	11.2	11.3	11.0
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	13,380	6,775	6,605	88.8	88.7	89.0
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	10,780	5,430	5,350	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,175	585	590	10.9	10.8	11.0
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	655	325	335	6.1	6.0	6.3
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	520	260	260	4.8	4.8	4.9
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	9,605	4,845	4,760	89.1	89.2	89.0

Symbol legend

...
not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 18, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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