Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Memphrémagog, Municipalité régionale de comté (MRC)More information: Quebec [Census division]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	54,797	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	50,415	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	8.7	...	...	8.7	...	...
Total private dwellings²	31,920	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	25,600	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	41.6	...	...	41.6	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	1,317.42	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	54,795	27,050	27,745	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	7,265	3,805	3,465	13.3	14.1	12.5
0 to 4 years	2,050	1,070	980	3.7	4.0	3.5
5 to 9 years	2,465	1,295	1,165	4.5	4.8	4.2
10 to 14 years	2,750	1,435	1,315	5.0	5.3	4.7
15 to 64 years	31,135	15,370	15,770	56.8	56.8	56.8
15 to 19 years	2,325	1,190	1,130	4.2	4.4	4.1
20 to 24 years	1,865	990	875	3.4	3.7	3.2
25 to 29 years	1,900	920	975	3.5	3.4	3.5
30 to 34 years	2,345	1,140	1,200	4.3	4.2	4.3
35 to 39 years	2,715	1,355	1,360	5.0	5.0	4.9
40 to 44 years	2,990	1,485	1,505	5.5	5.5	5.4
45 to 49 years	2,945	1,455	1,485	5.4	5.4	5.4
50 to 54 years	3,465	1,740	1,725	6.3	6.4	6.2
55 to 59 years	4,985	2,340	2,645	9.1	8.7	9.5
60 to 64 years	5,615	2,740	2,870	10.2	10.1	10.3
65 years and over	16,395	7,880	8,510	29.9	29.1	30.7
65 to 69 years	5,125	2,570	2,555	9.4	9.5	9.2
70 to 74 years	4,480	2,245	2,240	8.2	8.3	8.1
75 to 79 years	3,230	1,600	1,635	5.9	5.9	5.9
80 to 84 years	1,670	810	860	3.0	3.0	3.1
85 years and over	1,890	655	1,235	3.4	2.4	4.5
85 to 89 years	1,195	390	810	2.2	1.4	2.9
90 to 94 years	570	240	325	1.0	0.9	1.2
95 to 99 years	110	25	90	0.2	0.1	0.3
100 years and over	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	13.3	14.1	12.5	13.3	14.1	12.5
15 to 64 years	56.8	56.8	56.8	56.8	56.8	56.8
65 years and over	29.9	29.1	30.7	29.9	29.1	30.7
85 years and over	3.4	2.4	4.5	3.4	2.4	4.5
Average age of the population	49.0	48.1	49.8	49.0	48.1	49.8
Median age of the population	54.4	53.6	55.2	54.4	53.6	55.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	25,600	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	17,490	...	...	68.3	...	...
Semi-detached house	835	...	...	3.3	...	...
Row house	430	...	...	1.7	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	1,405	...	...	5.5	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	5,045	...	...	19.7	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	40	...	...	0.2	...	...
Other single-attached house	200	...	...	0.8	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	150	...	...	0.6	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	25,600	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	8,865	...	...	34.6	...	...
2 persons	10,830	...	...	42.3	...	...
3 persons	2,575	...	...	10.1	...	...
4 persons	2,170	...	...	8.5	...	...
5 or more persons	1,160	...	...	4.5	...	...
Number of persons in private households	53,265	26,560	26,705	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.1	...	...	2.1	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	47,530	23,250	24,285	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	29,300	14,660	14,645	61.6	63.1	60.3
Married	16,645	8,330	8,315	35.0	35.8	34.2
Living common-law	12,650	6,330	6,325	26.6	27.2	26.0
Living common law - Never married	9,020	4,480	4,535	19.0	19.3	18.7
Living common law - Separated	140	70	70	0.3	0.3	0.3
Living common law - Divorced	3,150	1,610	1,540	6.6	6.9	6.3
Living common law - Widowed	345	165	175	0.7	0.7	0.7
Not married and not living common-law	18,225	8,590	9,640	38.3	36.9	39.7
Not married and not living common law - Never married	10,855	5,855	4,995	22.8	25.2	20.6
Not married and not living common law - Separated	525	265	260	1.1	1.1	1.1
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	3,925	1,740	2,185	8.3	7.5	9.0
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	2,920	725	2,195	6.1	3.1	9.0
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	16,305	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	10,825	...	...	66.4	...	...
3 persons	2,420	...	...	14.8	...	...
4 persons	2,080	...	...	12.8	...	...
5 or more persons	980	...	...	6.0	...	...
Average size of census families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	16,305	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	14,400	...	...	88.3	...	...
Married couples	8,075	...	...	49.5	...	...
With children⁶	2,120	...	...	13.0	...	...
Without children	5,960	...	...	36.6	...	...
Common-law couples	6,325	...	...	38.8	...	...
With children⁶	2,630	...	...	16.1	...	...
Without children	3,695	...	...	22.7	...	...
Total one-parent families	1,900	...	...	11.7	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	1,270	...	...	7.8	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	630	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	53,270	26,560	26,705	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	42,480	21,350	21,135	79.7	80.4	79.1
Married spouses or common-law partners	28,805	14,415	14,390	54.1	54.3	53.9
Parents in one-parent families	1,900	635	1,265	3.6	2.4	4.7
Children⁶	11,775	6,300	5,480	22.1	23.7	20.5
In a two-parent family	8,905	4,725	4,180	16.7	17.8	15.7
In a one-parent family	2,870	1,575	1,300	5.4	5.9	4.9
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	10,785	5,210	5,575	20.2	19.6	20.9
Living alone	8,870	4,265	4,610	16.7	16.1	17.3
Living with other relatives⁷	830	360	470	1.6	1.4	1.8
Living with non-relatives only	1,085	590	500	2.0	2.2	1.9
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	25,600	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	15,460	...	...	60.4	...	...
Couple-family households	13,780	...	...	53.8	...	...
With children⁶	4,505	...	...	17.6	...	...
Without children	9,275	...	...	36.2	...	...
One-parent-family households	1,675	...	...	6.5	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	225	...	...	0.9	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	55	...	...	0.2	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	415	...	...	1.6	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	580	...	...	2.3	...	...
One-person households	8,870	...	...	34.6	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	46,035	22,775	23,260	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	45,385	22,485	22,900	98.6	98.7	98.5
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,000	44,400	36,000	40,000	44,400	36,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	45,410	22,495	22,910	98.6	98.8	98.5
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,200	38,800	32,000	35,200	38,800	32,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	41,065	20,645	20,420	89.2	90.6	87.8
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	31,800	37,200	26,200	31,800	37,200	26,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	29,880	15,580	14,305	64.9	68.4	61.5
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	32,000	36,000	28,200	32,000	36,000	28,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	37,715	18,195	19,520	81.9	79.9	83.9
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	13,300	12,900	13,500	13,300	12,900	13,500
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	5,065	2,700	2,365	11.0	11.9	10.2
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,480	5,480	5,240	5,480	5,480	5,240
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	12,035	6,390	5,645	26.1	28.1	24.3
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	6,000	7,500	6,000	6,000	7,500
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	46,030	22,775	23,260	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	45,400	22,495	22,905	98.6	98.8	98.5
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	53,050	61,100	45,160	53,050	61,100	45,160
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	45,415	22,505	22,915	98.7	98.8	98.5
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,640	47,840	37,560	42,640	47,840	37,560
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	41,190	20,710	20,480	89.5	90.9	88.0
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,480	55,200	37,640	46,480	55,200	37,640
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	29,880	15,465	14,410	64.9	67.9	62.0
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	45,480	51,400	39,160	45,480	51,400	39,160
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	37,590	18,125	19,465	81.7	79.6	83.7
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	13,160	12,760	13,540	13,160	12,760	13,540
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	5,010	2,660	2,345	10.9	11.7	10.1
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,930	6,630	7,280	6,930	6,630	7,280
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	11,705	6,245	5,455	25.4	27.4	23.5
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,750	7,350	8,210	7,750	7,350	8,210
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	46,035	22,775	23,260	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	12,935	6,850	6,085	28.1	30.1	26.2
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	55,600	60,000	51,200	55,600	60,000	51,200
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	72,200	80,100	63,300	72,200	80,100	63,300
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	13,035	6,450	6,580	28.3	28.3	28.3
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	18,400	21,800	16,400	18,400	21,800	16,400
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	28,720	33,440	24,060	28,720	33,440	24,060
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	79.4	83.2	74.6	79.4	83.2	74.6
Employment income (%)¹⁹	56.4	57.8	54.6	56.4	57.8	54.6
Government transfers (%)²⁰	20.5	16.8	25.5	20.5	16.8	25.5
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.4	1.3	1.7	1.4	1.3	1.7
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	4.5	3.8	5.3	4.5	3.8	5.3
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	3.8	3.3	4.3	3.8	3.3	4.3
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	46,030	22,775	23,260	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	655	290	360	1.4	1.3	1.5
With total income	45,380	22,485	22,900	98.6	98.7	98.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,655	1,120	1,540	5.9	5.0	6.7
$10,000 to $19,999	5,805	2,195	3,605	12.8	9.8	15.7
$20,000 to $29,999	8,100	3,710	4,390	17.8	16.5	19.2
$30,000 to $39,999	6,230	2,950	3,275	13.7	13.1	14.3
$40,000 to $49,999	5,660	2,780	2,880	12.5	12.4	12.6
$50,000 to $59,999	4,535	2,385	2,145	10.0	10.6	9.4
$60,000 to $69,999	3,165	1,725	1,440	7.0	7.7	6.3
$70,000 to $79,999	2,300	1,300	995	5.1	5.8	4.3
$80,000 to $89,999	1,675	965	705	3.7	4.3	3.1
$90,000 to $99,999	1,220	710	505	2.7	3.2	2.2
$100,000 and over	4,045	2,640	1,410	8.9	11.7	6.2
$100,000 to $149,999	2,545	1,585	960	5.6	7.0	4.2
$150,000 and over	1,505	1,055	450	3.3	4.7	2.0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	46,030	22,775	23,260	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	630	280	350	1.4	1.2	1.5
With after-tax income	45,405	22,500	22,910	98.6	98.8	98.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	3,055	1,250	1,805	6.7	5.6	7.9
$10,000 to $19,999	6,195	2,390	3,800	13.6	10.6	16.6
$20,000 to $29,999	9,395	4,345	5,050	20.7	19.3	22.0
$30,000 to $39,999	7,660	3,765	3,890	16.9	16.7	17.0
$40,000 to $49,999	6,595	3,440	3,150	14.5	15.3	13.7
$50,000 to $59,999	4,235	2,320	1,915	9.3	10.3	8.4
$60,000 to $69,999	2,760	1,550	1,210	6.1	6.9	5.3
$70,000 to $79,999	1,765	985	785	3.9	4.4	3.4
$80,000 to $89,999	1,065	660	405	2.3	2.9	1.8
$90,000 to $99,999	725	430	290	1.6	1.9	1.3
$100,000 and over	1,970	1,365	610	4.3	6.1	2.7
$100,000 to $124,999	925	615	305	2.0	2.7	1.3
$125,000 and over	1,050	745	305	2.3	3.3	1.3
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	46,030	22,775	23,260	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	16,155	7,195	8,960	35.1	31.6	38.5
With employment income	29,880	15,575	14,300	64.9	68.4	61.5
Under $5,000 (including loss)	4,855	2,510	2,340	16.2	16.1	16.4
$5,000 to $9,999	2,505	1,125	1,380	8.4	7.2	9.7
$10,000 to $19,999	3,765	1,730	2,035	12.6	11.1	14.2
$20,000 to $29,999	3,190	1,525	1,665	10.7	9.8	11.6
$30,000 to $39,999	3,115	1,510	1,605	10.4	9.7	11.2
$40,000 to $49,999	2,820	1,475	1,350	9.4	9.5	9.4
$50,000 to $59,999	2,140	1,215	930	7.2	7.8	6.5
$60,000 to $69,999	1,680	960	720	5.6	6.2	5.0
$70,000 to $79,999	1,220	695	525	4.1	4.5	3.7
$80,000 to $89,999	1,150	635	515	3.8	4.1	3.6
$90,000 to $99,999	750	460	295	2.5	3.0	2.1
$100,000 and over	2,675	1,740	940	9.0	11.2	6.6
$100,000 to $124,999	1,120	685	435	3.7	4.4	3.0
$125,000 and over	1,560	1,055	505	5.2	6.8	3.5
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	46,035	22,775	23,260	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	44,885	22,220	22,665	97.5	97.6	97.4
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,000	43,200	33,200	38,000	43,200	33,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	44,920	22,225	22,695	97.6	97.6	97.6
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	33,600	37,600	29,800	33,600	37,600	29,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	40,675	20,480	20,195	88.4	89.9	86.8
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	33,200	39,200	27,800	33,200	39,200	27,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	30,345	15,795	14,550	65.9	69.4	62.6
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	33,200	37,600	29,200	33,200	37,600	29,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	34,155	16,170	17,980	74.2	71.0	77.3
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,400	9,700	10,900	10,400	9,700	10,900
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	4,825	2,640	2,180	10.5	11.6	9.4
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,880	4,800	5,000	4,880	4,800	5,000
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	46,030	22,775	23,260	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	44,815	22,140	22,680	97.4	97.2	97.5
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	52,500	62,650	42,560	52,500	62,650	42,560
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	44,835	22,140	22,690	97.4	97.2	97.5
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,560	48,200	35,120	41,560	48,200	35,120
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	40,690	20,445	20,245	88.4	89.8	87.0
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	48,880	59,750	37,880	48,880	59,750	37,880
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	30,230	15,645	14,585	65.7	68.7	62.7
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	47,480	55,150	39,240	47,480	55,150	39,240
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	34,025	16,020	18,005	73.9	70.3	77.4
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,700	10,340	11,030	10,700	10,340	11,030
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	4,865	2,715	2,150	10.6	11.9	9.2
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,500	5,600	7,630	6,500	5,600	7,630
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	46,035	22,775	23,260	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	12,835	6,805	6,035	27.9	29.9	25.9
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	52,800	58,400	46,800	52,800	58,400	46,800
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	70,400	80,300	59,200	70,400	80,300	59,200
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	12,505	6,190	6,315	27.2	27.2	27.1
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	23,200	27,400	20,000	23,200	27,400	20,000
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	34,760	41,680	28,000	34,760	41,680	28,000
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	84.6	88.0	79.4	84.6	88.0	79.4
Employment income (%)	61.0	62.2	59.3	61.0	62.2	59.3
Government transfers (%)	15.5	11.9	20.6	15.5	11.9	20.6
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.3	1.1	1.7	1.3	1.1	1.7
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	25,600	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	71,500	...	...	71,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	61,600	...	...	61,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	8,870	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	37,200	...	...	37,200	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	33,200	...	...	33,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	16,735	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	93,000	...	...	93,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	80,000	...	...	80,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	25,600	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	94,100	...	...	94,100	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	75,700	...	...	75,700	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	8,880	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	49,600	...	...	49,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	40,640	...	...	40,640	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	16,720	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	117,700	...	...	117,700	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	94,300	...	...	94,300	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	25,600	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	170	...	...	0.7	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	130	...	...	0.5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	330	...	...	1.3	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	535	...	...	2.1	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,625	...	...	6.3	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,030	...	...	4.0	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	960	...	...	3.8	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,385	...	...	5.4	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,270	...	...	5.0	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,190	...	...	4.6	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,125	...	...	8.3	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,870	...	...	7.3	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,695	...	...	6.6	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,665	...	...	6.5	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,375	...	...	5.4	...	...
$100,000 and over	8,255	...	...	32.2	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,755	...	...	10.8	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,855	...	...	7.2	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,815	...	...	7.1	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,830	...	...	7.1	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	25,600	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	215	...	...	0.8	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	135	...	...	0.5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	350	...	...	1.4	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	580	...	...	2.3	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,715	...	...	6.7	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,260	...	...	4.9	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,265	...	...	4.9	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,595	...	...	6.2	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,570	...	...	6.1	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,350	...	...	5.3	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,365	...	...	9.2	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,195	...	...	8.6	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,090	...	...	8.2	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,645	...	...	6.4	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,505	...	...	5.9	...	...
$100,000 and over	5,765	...	...	22.5	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,470	...	...	9.6	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,315	...	...	5.1	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,985	...	...	7.8	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	16,330	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	93,000	...	...	93,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	80,000	...	...	80,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	9,340	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	85,000	...	...	85,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	73,000	...	...	73,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	4,775	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	127,000	...	...	127,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	107,000	...	...	107,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,850	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	62,000	...	...	62,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	56,400	...	...	56,400	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	9,955	4,850	5,105	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	36,400	38,000	34,400	36,400	38,000	34,400
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	32,800	33,600	31,600	32,800	33,600	31,600
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	16,315	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	118,300	...	...	118,300	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	94,600	...	...	94,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	9,325	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	112,400	...	...	112,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	88,500	...	...	88,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	4,730	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	148,800	...	...	148,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	119,400	...	...	119,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,875	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	74,000	...	...	74,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	63,400	...	...	63,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	9,965	4,855	5,110	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	48,040	52,650	43,640	48,040	52,650	43,640
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	39,520	42,080	37,040	39,520	42,080	37,040
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	53,265	26,555	26,710	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	8,710	4,545	4,165	16.4	17.1	15.6
0 to 5 years	2,520	1,305	1,215	4.7	4.9	4.5
18 to 64 years	29,485	14,535	14,950	55.4	54.7	56.0
65 years and over	15,070	7,480	7,590	28.3	28.2	28.4
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	6,380	2,975	3,405	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	795	385	410	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	215	105	110	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	2,840	1,415	1,420	...	...	...
65 years and over	2,750	1,170	1,575	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	12.0	11.2	12.8	12.0	11.2	12.8
0 to 17 years (%)	9.1	8.4	9.8	9.1	8.4	9.8
0 to 5 years (%)	8.5	8.2	8.8	8.5	8.2	8.8
18 to 64 years (%)	9.6	9.8	9.5	9.6	9.8	9.5
65 years and over (%)	18.2	15.7	20.8	18.2	15.7	20.8
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	53,270	26,560	26,705	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	8,715	4,540	4,170	16.4	17.1	15.6
0 to 5 years	2,520	1,305	1,215	4.7	4.9	4.5
18 to 64 years	29,485	14,535	14,955	55.4	54.7	56.0
65 years and over	15,070	7,480	7,585	28.3	28.2	28.4
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	1,340	675	665	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	160	60	95	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	40	15	20	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	1,000	545	460	...	...	...
65 years and over	180	75	110	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.5	2.6	2.5	2.5	2.6	2.5
0 to 17 years (%)	1.8	1.4	2.3	1.8	1.4	2.3
0 to 5 years (%)	1.5	1.4	1.6	1.5	1.4	1.6
18 to 64 years (%)	3.4	3.8	3.1	3.4	3.8	3.1
65 years and over (%)	1.2	1.0	1.4	1.2	1.0	1.4
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	53,265	26,555	26,705	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	30,375	14,965	15,405	57.0	56.4	57.7
In bottom decile	5,050	2,380	2,670	9.5	9.0	10.0
In second decile	6,535	3,160	3,375	12.3	11.9	12.6
In third decile	6,395	3,160	3,235	12.0	11.9	12.1
In fourth decile	6,365	3,210	3,160	11.9	12.1	11.8
In fifth decile	6,025	3,060	2,960	11.3	11.5	11.1
In top half of the distribution	22,895	11,595	11,300	43.0	43.7	42.3
In sixth decile	5,545	2,750	2,795	10.4	10.4	10.5
In seventh decile	4,850	2,455	2,390	9.1	9.2	8.9
In eighth decile	4,530	2,320	2,210	8.5	8.7	8.3
In ninth decile	3,925	1,995	1,930	7.4	7.5	7.2
In top decile	4,045	2,070	1,970	7.6	7.8	7.4
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	53,270	...	...	53,270	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.360	...	...	0.360	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.494	...	...	0.494	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.306	...	...	0.306	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.5	...	...	3.5	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	54,300	26,885	27,415	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	2,705	1,350	1,355	5.0	5.0	4.9
French only	23,055	10,695	12,355	42.5	39.8	45.1
English and French	28,495	14,815	13,680	52.5	55.1	49.9
Neither English nor French	45	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	54,300	26,885	27,415	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	7,605	3,830	3,770	14.0	14.2	13.8
French	46,165	22,785	23,380	85.0	84.7	85.3
English and French	495	245	245	0.9	0.9	0.9
Neither English nor French	35	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	54,300	26,885	27,415	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	53,035	26,260	26,775	97.7	97.7	97.7
Official languages	51,950	25,725	26,225	95.7	95.7	95.7
English	6,870	3,465	3,400	12.7	12.9	12.4
French	45,080	22,255	22,820	83.0	82.8	83.2
Non-official languages	1,080	535	550	2.0	2.0	2.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,080	530	545	2.0	2.0	2.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	60	40	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Berber languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	60	35	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	50	40	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	30	10	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	25	5	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	20	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	835	410	420	1.5	1.5	1.5
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	170	80	90	0.3	0.3	0.3
Baltic languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	160	80	80	0.3	0.3	0.3
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	80	45	35	0.1	0.2	0.1
Russian	20	5	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	20	5	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	205	105	105	0.4	0.4	0.4
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	140	85	60	0.3	0.3	0.2
German	130	80	55	0.2	0.3	0.2
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	45	15	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	40	15	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	20	5	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Danish	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	425	215	215	0.8	0.8	0.8
Catalan	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	115	60	60	0.2	0.2	0.2
Portuguese	35	10	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Romanian	30	10	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Spanish	250	125	125	0.5	0.5	0.5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	50	30	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages	50	30	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	40	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	20	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	1,265	625	640	2.3	2.3	2.3
English and French	1,065	540	530	2.0	2.0	1.9
English and non-official language(s)	45	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	90	40	55	0.2	0.1	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	40	15	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	54,300	26,885	27,415	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	6,180	3,080	3,100	11.4	11.5	11.3
French	42,970	21,205	21,770	79.1	78.9	79.4
Non-official language	150	85	70	0.3	0.3	0.3
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	150	85	70	0.3	0.3	0.3
English and French	4,075	2,070	2,010	7.5	7.7	7.3
English and non-official language(s)	155	75	80	0.3	0.3	0.3
French and non-official language(s)	320	160	160	0.6	0.6	0.6
English, French and non-official language(s)	430	215	215	0.8	0.8	0.8
Multiple non-official languages	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	54,300	26,885	27,415	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	53,150	26,315	26,830	97.9	97.9	97.9
Official languages	52,845	26,160	26,685	97.3	97.3	97.3
English	7,450	3,745	3,705	13.7	13.9	13.5
French	45,395	22,415	22,980	83.6	83.4	83.8
Non-official languages	305	160	150	0.6	0.6	0.5
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	305	160	150	0.6	0.6	0.5
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	215	115	105	0.4	0.4	0.4
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	50	20	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	50	20	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	30	10	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	20	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	135	75	55	0.2	0.3	0.2
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	100	60	40	0.2	0.2	0.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	30	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	1,150	570	580	2.1	2.1	2.1
English and French	1,000	490	505	1.8	1.8	1.8
English and non-official language(s)	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	85	40	40	0.2	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	54,300	26,885	27,415	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	50,350	24,880	25,470	92.7	92.5	92.9
English	2,105	1,045	1,055	3.9	3.9	3.8
French	1,155	615	545	2.1	2.3	2.0
Non-official language	335	170	170	0.6	0.6	0.6
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	335	165	170	0.6	0.6	0.6
English and French	40	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and non-official language(s)	180	90	85	0.3	0.3	0.3
French and non-official language(s)	90	45	50	0.2	0.2	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	35	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	53,265	26,555	26,705	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	53,205	26,505	26,690	99.9	99.8	99.9
English	30,970	16,120	14,855	58.1	60.7	55.6
French	50,575	25,180	25,390	94.9	94.8	95.1
Non-official languages	3,320	1,560	1,765	6.2	5.9	6.6
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	3,320	1,560	1,765	6.2	5.9	6.6
Afro-Asiatic languages	105	55	50	0.2	0.2	0.2
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	105	55	50	0.2	0.2	0.2
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	95	45	40	0.2	0.2	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	30	10	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	25	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	20	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Haitian Creole	20	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	2,955	1,410	1,550	5.5	5.3	5.8
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	160	80	80	0.3	0.3	0.3
Baltic languages	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	155	70	80	0.3	0.3	0.3
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	65	20	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Russian	60	15	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	500	255	245	0.9	1.0	0.9
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	385	205	180	0.7	0.8	0.7
German	375	200	175	0.7	0.8	0.7
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	85	40	45	0.2	0.2	0.2
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	65	35	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Scandinavian languages	60	25	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Danish	20	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	40	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	25	0	25	0.0	0.0	0.1
Indo-Iranian languages	25	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	2,390	1,140	1,255	4.5	4.3	4.7
Catalan	30	10	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Italian	300	170	130	0.6	0.6	0.5
Portuguese	55	35	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Spanish	2,090	975	1,110	3.9	3.7	4.2
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	25	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	105	45	60	0.2	0.2	0.2
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	30	10	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	60	15	45	0.1	0.1	0.2
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	40	10	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
Sign languages, n.i.e.	25	0	25	0.0	0.0	0.1
Sino-Tibetan languages	70	40	30	0.1	0.2	0.1
Chinese languages	70	40	30	0.1	0.2	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	70	40	30	0.1	0.2	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	30	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	25	0	25	0.0	0.0	0.1
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	53,270	26,555	26,705	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	1,170	575	595	2.2	2.2	2.2
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	1,090	540	545	2.0	2.0	2.0
First Nations (North American Indian)	710	315	395	1.3	1.2	1.5
Métis	375	225	150	0.7	0.8	0.6
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	20	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	55	15	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-Indigenous identity	52,100	25,985	26,110	97.8	97.9	97.8
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	53,270	26,555	26,705	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	150	55	100	0.3	0.2	0.4
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	53,110	26,505	26,610	99.7	99.8	99.6
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	25,600	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	18,865	...	...	73.7	...	...
Renter	6,740	...	...	26.3	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	25,600	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	2,335	...	...	9.1	...	...
Not condominium	23,270	...	...	90.9	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	25,600	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	70	...	...	0.3	...	...
1 bedroom	2,790	...	...	10.9	...	...
2 bedrooms	8,135	...	...	31.8	...	...
3 bedrooms	9,185	...	...	35.9	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	5,420	...	...	21.2	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	25,600	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	6,945	...	...	27.1	...	...
5 rooms	4,260	...	...	16.6	...	...
6 rooms	3,610	...	...	14.1	...	...
7 rooms	3,335	...	...	13.0	...	...
8 or more rooms	7,450	...	...	29.1	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.3	...	...	6.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	25,600	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	25,460	...	...	99.5	...	...
More than one person per room	140	...	...	0.5	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	25,600	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	25,125	...	...	98.1	...	...
Not suitable	480	...	...	1.9	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	25,600	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	5,755	...	...	22.5	...	...
1961 to 1980	5,785	...	...	22.6	...	...
1981 to 1990	3,455	...	...	13.5	...	...
1991 to 2000	2,880	...	...	11.3	...	...
2001 to 2005	2,115	...	...	8.3	...	...
2006 to 2010	2,235	...	...	8.7	...	...
2011 to 2015	1,795	...	...	7.0	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	1,590	...	...	6.2	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	25,600	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	24,145	...	...	94.3	...	...
Major repairs needed	1,460	...	...	5.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	25,600	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	13,910	...	...	54.3	...	...
Two-maintainer household	11,270	...	...	44.0	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	420	...	...	1.6	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	25,600	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	345	...	...	1.3	...	...
25 to 34 years	2,090	...	...	8.2	...	...
35 to 44 years	3,255	...	...	12.7	...	...
45 to 54 years	3,850	...	...	15.0	...	...
55 to 64 years	6,235	...	...	24.4	...	...
65 to 74 years	5,935	...	...	23.2	...	...
75 to 84 years	3,155	...	...	12.3	...	...
85 years and over	725	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	25,410	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	21,935	...	...	86.3	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	3,470	...	...	13.7	...	...
30% to less than 100%	3,245	...	...	12.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	25,600	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	5,160	...	...	20.2	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	3,270	...	...	12.8	...	...
Not suitable only	415	...	...	1.6	...	...
Major repairs needed only	1,235	...	...	4.8	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	25	...	...	0.1	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	175	...	...	0.7	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	40	...	...	0.2	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	20,445	...	...	79.9	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	25,180	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	735	...	...	2.9	...	...
Not in core need	24,445	...	...	97.1	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	18,725	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	55.8	...	...	55.8	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	9.7	...	...	9.7	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	1.3	...	...	1.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	880	...	...	880	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,030	...	...	1,030	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	302,000	...	...	302,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	402,400	...	...	402,400	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	6,730	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	8.6	...	...	8.6	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	24.8	...	...	24.8	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	7.3	...	...	7.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	680	...	...	680	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	758	...	...	758	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	53,265	26,560	26,710	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	925	435	485	1.7	1.6	1.8
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	920	430	485	1.7	1.6	1.8
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	825	375	450	1.5	1.4	1.7
Métis single ancestry	90	55	35	0.2	0.2	0.1
Inuit single ancestry	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	1,965	1,005	955	3.7	3.8	3.6
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	1,925	980	940	3.6	3.7	3.5
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	1,720	865	855	3.2	3.3	3.2
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	155	90	60	0.3	0.3	0.2
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	55	35	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	45	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	50,375	25,115	25,260	94.6	94.6	94.6
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	53,265	26,560	26,710	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	52,490	26,120	26,370	98.5	98.3	98.7
Canadian citizens aged under 18	8,665	4,535	4,130	16.3	17.1	15.5
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	43,830	21,590	22,240	82.3	81.3	83.3
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	770	435	340	1.4	1.6	1.3
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	53,265	26,560	26,710	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	50,350	25,035	25,320	94.5	94.3	94.8
Immigrants⁸¹	2,700	1,385	1,310	5.1	5.2	4.9
Before 1980	1,030	585	450	1.9	2.2	1.7
1980 to 1990	300	150	150	0.6	0.6	0.6
1991 to 2000	355	170	190	0.7	0.6	0.7
2001 to 2010	485	235	255	0.9	0.9	1.0
2011 to 2021⁸²	525	255	275	1.0	1.0	1.0
2011 to 2015	310	140	175	0.6	0.5	0.7
2016 to 2021	215	110	100	0.4	0.4	0.4
Non-permanent residents⁸³	215	135	75	0.4	0.5	0.3
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	2,700	1,385	1,315	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	405	245	160	15.0	17.7	12.2
5 to 14 years	400	195	205	14.8	14.1	15.6
15 to 24 years	550	290	265	20.4	20.9	20.2
25 to 44 years	1,140	555	580	42.2	40.1	44.1
45 years and over	210	105	105	7.8	7.6	8.0
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	2,700	1,385	1,315	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	720	340	380	26.7	24.5	28.9
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	35	15	25	1.3	1.1	1.9
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	10	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.8
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	45	10	35	1.7	0.7	2.7
Peru	10	0	0	0.4	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	485	235	250	18.0	17.0	19.0
Other places of birth in Americas	110	60	50	4.1	4.3	3.8
Europe	1,565	850	715	58.0	61.4	54.4
Bosnia and Herzegovina	10	10	0	0.4	0.7	0.0
Croatia	10	10	0	0.4	0.7	0.0
France	870	490	375	32.2	35.4	28.5
Germany	75	35	45	2.8	2.5	3.4
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	15	0	15	0.6	0.0	1.1
Italy	60	45	20	2.2	3.2	1.5
Netherlands	15	10	0	0.6	0.7	0.0
Poland	30	10	25	1.1	0.7	1.9
Portugal	15	0	10	0.6	0.0	0.8
Romania	25	10	20	0.9	0.7	1.5
Russian Federation	10	0	0	0.4	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	10	0	0	0.4	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	140	90	55	5.2	6.5	4.2
Other places of birth in Europe	280	140	145	10.4	10.1	11.0
Africa	235	130	105	8.7	9.4	8.0
Algeria	20	10	10	0.7	0.7	0.8
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	45	25	25	1.7	1.8	1.9
Egypt	20	10	10	0.7	0.7	0.8
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	45	25	20	1.7	1.8	1.5
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	100	55	45	3.7	4.0	3.4
Asia	165	55	110	6.1	4.0	8.4
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	20	10	0	0.7	0.7	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	35	10	25	1.3	0.7	1.9
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	15	0	15	0.6	0.0	1.1
Philippines	20	0	15	0.7	0.0	1.1
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	45	15	35	1.7	1.1	2.7
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	20	15	0	0.7	1.1	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	215	110	100	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	65	25	35	30.2	22.7	35.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	10	10	0	4.7	9.1	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	10	0	10	4.7	0.0	10.0
United States of America	30	15	10	14.0	13.6	10.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	10	0	10	4.7	0.0	10.0
Europe	105	75	35	48.8	68.2	35.0
France	95	70	30	44.2	63.6	30.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	0	4.7	0.0	0.0
Africa	20	0	15	9.3	0.0	15.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	20	0	20	9.3	0.0	20.0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	10	10	0	4.7	9.1	0.0
Australia	10	10	0	4.7	9.1	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	53,270	26,555	26,705	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	3,585	1,860	1,725	6.7	7.0	6.5
Second generation¹⁰¹	2,935	1,445	1,490	5.5	5.4	5.6
Third generation or more¹⁰²	46,750	23,250	23,495	87.8	87.6	88.0
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	1,670	805	860	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	950	515	435	56.9	64.0	50.6
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	535	345	190	32.0	42.9	22.1
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	410	170	240	24.6	21.1	27.9
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	635	240	395	38.0	29.8	45.9
Refugees¹⁰⁸	75	40	35	4.5	5.0	4.1
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	10	0	10	0.6	0.0	1.2
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	1,670	805	860	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	35	25	15	2.1	3.1	1.7
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	270	160	110	16.2	19.9	12.8
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	70	25	40	4.2	3.1	4.7
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	145	80	65	8.7	9.9	7.6
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	10	0	10	0.6	0.0	1.2
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	1,140	510	630	68.3	63.4	73.3
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	53,270	26,555	26,705	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	950	450	500	1.8	1.7	1.9
South Asian	50	30	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese	100	40	60	0.2	0.2	0.2
Black	325	150	175	0.6	0.6	0.7
Filipino	45	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Arab	90	40	50	0.2	0.2	0.2
Latin American	200	115	85	0.4	0.4	0.3
Southeast Asian	75	30	50	0.1	0.1	0.2
West Asian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple visible minorities	30	10	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	52,320	26,105	26,215	98.2	98.3	98.2
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	53,265	26,560	26,705	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	19,160	9,550	9,610	36.0	36.0	36.0
English	2,740	1,460	1,285	5.1	5.5	4.8
Irish	3,715	1,845	1,865	7.0	6.9	7.0
Scottish	2,030	1,000	1,030	3.8	3.8	3.9
French, n.o.s.¹²²	15,425	7,745	7,675	29.0	29.2	28.7
German	1,145	620	530	2.1	2.3	2.0
Chinese	125	40	75	0.2	0.2	0.3
Italian	965	470	495	1.8	1.8	1.9
Indian (India)	110	50	65	0.2	0.2	0.2
Ukrainian	125	80	50	0.2	0.3	0.2
Dutch	310	145	170	0.6	0.5	0.6
Polish	240	115	125	0.5	0.4	0.5
Québécois	5,650	2,855	2,795	10.6	10.7	10.5
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	550	275	270	1.0	1.0	1.0
Filipino	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
French Canadian	4,915	2,420	2,495	9.2	9.1	9.3
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	1,240	640	610	2.3	2.4	2.3
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	1,235	570	660	2.3	2.1	2.5
Métis	270	165	115	0.5	0.6	0.4
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	570	280	290	1.1	1.1	1.1
Russian	95	60	35	0.2	0.2	0.1
Norwegian	65	25	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Welsh	130	50	75	0.2	0.2	0.3
Portuguese	110	70	50	0.2	0.3	0.2
American	575	325	250	1.1	1.2	0.9
Spanish	255	130	130	0.5	0.5	0.5
Swedish	150	45	110	0.3	0.2	0.4
Hungarian	115	45	65	0.2	0.2	0.2
Acadian	440	195	245	0.8	0.7	0.9
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	155	80	75	0.3	0.3	0.3
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	40	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	70	35	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Greek	55	15	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Jamaican	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	30	10	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Korean	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Romanian	55	20	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Lebanese	70	25	45	0.1	0.1	0.2
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	710	385	330	1.3	1.4	1.2
Danish	95	55	45	0.2	0.2	0.2
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	370	185	185	0.7	0.7	0.7
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	70	55	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
Belgian	425	220	205	0.8	0.8	0.8
Haitian	115	55	55	0.2	0.2	0.2
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	55	20	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mennonite	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	225	80	145	0.4	0.3	0.5
Finnish	25	15	15	0.0	0.1	0.1
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	25	20	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	200	110	90	0.4	0.4	0.3
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	55	40	10	0.1	0.2	0.0
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	20	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	40	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombian	65	20	45	0.1	0.1	0.2
Moroccan	60	30	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Czech	35	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Syrian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	25	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Newfoundlander	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	25	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Persian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	25	20	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Turkish	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	80	45	30	0.2	0.2	0.1
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	35	10	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
Brazilian	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	30	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
Slovak	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	30	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	245	140	105	0.5	0.5	0.4
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	40	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	25	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	60	20	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
New Brunswicker	25	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	50	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	35	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	55	20	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Latvian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	30	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Guatemalan	45	45	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	40	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	30	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	80	35	40	0.2	0.1	0.1
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Dominican	40	10	30	0.1	0.0	0.1
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	220	100	120	0.4	0.4	0.4
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	120	80	40	0.2	0.3	0.1
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	100	45	50	0.2	0.2	0.2
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	115	55	60	0.2	0.2	0.2
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	65	15	50	0.1	0.1	0.2
Norman	115	50	60	0.2	0.2	0.2
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	35	25	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	50	40	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	53,265	26,555	26,710	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	65	20	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Christian	37,220	18,245	18,980	69.9	68.7	71.1
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	2,215	1,180	1,035	4.2	4.4	3.9
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	955	475	475	1.8	1.8	1.8
Baptist	185	95	90	0.3	0.4	0.3
Catholic	31,890	15,515	16,370	59.9	58.4	61.3
Christian Orthodox	60	20	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Jehovah's Witness	180	80	95	0.3	0.3	0.4
Latter Day Saints	40	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Lutheran	70	30	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	100	50	55	0.2	0.2	0.2
Presbyterian	35	25	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	575	270	300	1.1	1.0	1.1
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	925	480	445	1.7	1.8	1.7
Hindu	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	85	35	50	0.2	0.1	0.2
Muslim	115	60	55	0.2	0.2	0.2
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	150	60	90	0.3	0.2	0.3
No religion and secular perspectives	15,605	8,125	7,480	29.3	30.6	28.0
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	52,875	26,355	26,520	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	46,770	23,440	23,330	88.5	88.9	88.0
Movers	6,105	2,910	3,190	11.5	11.0	12.0
Non-migrants	2,440	1,125	1,310	4.6	4.3	4.9
Migrants	3,670	1,790	1,875	6.9	6.8	7.1
Internal migrants	3,555	1,725	1,830	6.7	6.5	6.9
Intraprovincial migrants	3,465	1,675	1,790	6.6	6.4	6.7
Interprovincial migrants	90	50	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
External migrants	115	65	50	0.2	0.2	0.2
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	51,235	25,500	25,735	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	31,095	15,655	15,440	60.7	61.4	60.0
Movers	20,135	9,845	10,300	39.3	38.6	40.0
Non-migrants	6,010	2,870	3,140	11.7	11.3	12.2
Migrants	14,130	6,975	7,155	27.6	27.4	27.8
Internal migrants	13,600	6,695	6,905	26.5	26.3	26.8
Intraprovincial migrants	13,050	6,400	6,650	25.5	25.1	25.8
Interprovincial migrants	550	295	255	1.1	1.2	1.0
External migrants	530	280	260	1.0	1.1	1.0
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	46,030	22,775	23,260	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	9,350	5,300	4,050	20.3	23.3	17.4
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	36,680	17,475	19,210	79.7	76.7	82.6
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	26,790	13,100	13,695	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	3,820	2,370	1,450	14.3	18.1	10.6
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	22,975	10,730	12,245	85.8	81.9	89.4
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	46,035	22,770	23,265	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	8,340	4,535	3,800	18.1	19.9	16.3
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	9,770	4,605	5,165	21.2	20.2	22.2
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	27,920	13,630	14,290	60.6	59.9	61.4
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	16,855	8,515	8,340	36.6	37.4	35.8
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	7,905	4,720	3,185	17.2	20.7	13.7
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	5,465	2,775	2,690	11.9	12.2	11.6
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	2,445	1,945	500	5.3	8.5	2.1
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	7,335	3,200	4,135	15.9	14.1	17.8
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,610	600	1,010	3.5	2.6	4.3
Bachelor's degree or higher	11,065	5,115	5,950	24.0	22.5	25.6
Bachelor's degree	6,350	2,860	3,490	13.8	12.6	15.0
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	930	415	520	2.0	1.8	2.2
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	385	215	170	0.8	0.9	0.7
Master's degree	2,830	1,280	1,550	6.1	5.6	6.7
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	575	345	230	1.2	1.5	1.0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	26,790	13,100	13,690	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	3,235	1,945	1,295	12.1	14.8	9.5
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	4,860	2,375	2,480	18.1	18.1	18.1
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	18,695	8,780	9,915	69.8	67.0	72.4
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	11,325	5,740	5,585	42.3	43.8	40.8
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	5,730	3,390	2,340	21.4	25.9	17.1
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	3,955	1,960	2,000	14.8	15.0	14.6
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	1,780	1,435	340	6.6	11.0	2.5
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	4,730	2,030	2,700	17.7	15.5	19.7
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	865	320	550	3.2	2.4	4.0
Bachelor's degree or higher	7,375	3,040	4,330	27.5	23.2	31.6
Bachelor's degree	4,450	1,915	2,535	16.6	14.6	18.5
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	545	170	375	2.0	1.3	2.7
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	225	95	135	0.8	0.7	1.0
Master's degree	1,810	680	1,130	6.8	5.2	8.3
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	345	185	160	1.3	1.4	1.2
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	46,035	22,770	23,265	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	18,110	9,140	8,970	39.3	40.1	38.6
Education	2,410	685	1,725	5.2	3.0	7.4
13. Education	2,410	685	1,725	5.2	3.0	7.4
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,145	505	635	2.5	2.2	2.7
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	110	95	20	0.2	0.4	0.1
50. Visual and performing arts	1,030	410	620	2.2	1.8	2.7
Humanities	1,660	695	970	3.6	3.1	4.2
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	210	75	135	0.5	0.3	0.6
23. English language and literature/letters	55	20	40	0.1	0.1	0.2
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	830	340	490	1.8	1.5	2.1
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	65	30	40	0.1	0.1	0.2
39. Theology and religious vocations	135	85	50	0.3	0.4	0.2
54. History	115	85	30	0.2	0.4	0.1
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	240	55	185	0.5	0.2	0.8
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,730	905	1,825	5.9	4.0	7.8
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	35	10	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	405	135	275	0.9	0.6	1.2
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	475	50	425	1.0	0.2	1.8
22. Legal professions and studies	535	205	335	1.2	0.9	1.4
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	85	15	65	0.2	0.1	0.3
42. Psychology	530	115	410	1.2	0.5	1.8
45. Social sciences	665	375	295	1.4	1.6	1.3
Business, management and public administration	6,250	2,350	3,905	13.6	10.3	16.8
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	370	70	300	0.8	0.3	1.3
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	5,875	2,270	3,600	12.8	10.0	15.5
Physical and life sciences and technologies	860	485	380	1.9	2.1	1.6
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	315	155	165	0.7	0.7	0.7
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	180	95	90	0.4	0.4	0.4
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	85	35	50	0.2	0.2	0.2
40. Physical sciences	230	195	35	0.5	0.9	0.2
41. Science technologies/technicians	50	10	45	0.1	0.0	0.2
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	675	405	270	1.5	1.8	1.2
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	535	345	185	1.2	1.5	0.8
25. Library science	85	15	70	0.2	0.1	0.3
27. Mathematics and statistics	55	35	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	5,795	5,305	490	12.6	23.3	2.1
04. Architecture and related services	260	170	90	0.6	0.7	0.4
14. Engineering	1,030	870	160	2.2	3.8	0.7
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	960	830	130	2.1	3.6	0.6
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	1,420	1,390	30	3.1	6.1	0.1
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,155	1,125	30	2.5	4.9	0.1
48. Precision production	975	925	50	2.1	4.1	0.2
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	760	380	385	1.7	1.7	1.7
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	540	255	285	1.2	1.1	1.2
03. Natural resources and conservation	225	120	105	0.5	0.5	0.5
Health and related fields	3,650	815	2,840	7.9	3.6	12.2
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	285	180	105	0.6	0.8	0.5
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	3,230	555	2,675	7.0	2.4	11.5
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	135	80	55	0.3	0.4	0.2
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,960	1,105	855	4.3	4.9	3.7
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	1,065	305	765	2.3	1.3	3.3
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	435	380	50	0.9	1.7	0.2
49. Transportation and materials moving	455	415	40	1.0	1.8	0.2
Other¹⁷⁹	25	10	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	26,785	13,100	13,690	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	8,095	4,320	3,775	30.2	33.0	27.6
Education	1,315	300	1,015	4.9	2.3	7.4
13. Education	1,315	300	1,015	4.9	2.3	7.4
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	840	370	465	3.1	2.8	3.4
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	90	70	25	0.3	0.5	0.2
50. Visual and performing arts	750	305	445	2.8	2.3	3.3
Humanities	855	310	545	3.2	2.4	4.0
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	90	20	70	0.3	0.2	0.5
23. English language and literature/letters	30	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.2
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	455	180	275	1.7	1.4	2.0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
39. Theology and religious vocations	55	25	20	0.2	0.2	0.1
54. History	65	45	20	0.2	0.3	0.1
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	135	25	110	0.5	0.2	0.8
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,805	475	1,335	6.7	3.6	9.8
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	30	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.2
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	310	95	215	1.2	0.7	1.6
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	370	20	345	1.4	0.2	2.5
22. Legal professions and studies	325	70	250	1.2	0.5	1.8
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	50	0	45	0.2	0.0	0.3
42. Psychology	330	65	265	1.2	0.5	1.9
45. Social sciences	385	215	175	1.4	1.6	1.3
Business, management and public administration	4,285	1,445	2,845	16.0	11.0	20.8
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	245	35	215	0.9	0.3	1.6
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	4,045	1,415	2,630	15.1	10.8	19.2
Physical and life sciences and technologies	515	280	230	1.9	2.1	1.7
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	225	110	115	0.8	0.8	0.8
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	100	50	55	0.4	0.4	0.4
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
40. Physical sciences	150	115	30	0.6	0.9	0.2
41. Science technologies/technicians	30	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.2
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	470	290	185	1.8	2.2	1.4
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	425	265	155	1.6	2.0	1.1
25. Library science	35	10	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	4,195	3,785	415	15.7	28.9	3.0
04. Architecture and related services	155	90	70	0.6	0.7	0.5
14. Engineering	810	660	150	3.0	5.0	1.1
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	695	580	115	2.6	4.4	0.8
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	1,045	1,020	25	3.9	7.8	0.2
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	775	760	15	2.9	5.8	0.1
48. Precision production	715	680	40	2.7	5.2	0.3
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	570	270	305	2.1	2.1	2.2
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	370	170	205	1.4	1.3	1.5
03. Natural resources and conservation	200	100	100	0.7	0.8	0.7
Health and related fields	2,355	470	1,880	8.8	3.6	13.7
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	170	90	85	0.6	0.7	0.6
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	2,105	350	1,755	7.9	2.7	12.8
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	75	30	40	0.3	0.2	0.3
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,465	765	695	5.5	5.8	5.1
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	820	210	610	3.1	1.6	4.5
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	325	275	50	1.2	2.1	0.4
49. Transportation and materials moving	320	285	35	1.2	2.2	0.3
Other¹⁷⁹	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	26,785	13,100	13,690	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	8,095	4,320	3,775	30.2	33.0	27.6
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	18,695	8,780	9,915	69.8	67.0	72.4
Location of study inside Canada	17,780	8,325	9,450	66.4	63.5	69.0
Same as province or territory of residence	17,235	8,055	9,180	64.3	61.5	67.1
Different than province or territory of residence	540	275	265	2.0	2.1	1.9
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	920	455	465	3.4	3.5	3.4
Americas	245	110	135	0.9	0.8	1.0
United States of America	195	90	105	0.7	0.7	0.8
Mexico	25	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Cuba	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	565	285	280	2.1	2.2	2.0
Belgium	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
France	395	215	185	1.5	1.6	1.4
Germany	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	35	20	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	35	25	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Africa	50	30	20	0.2	0.2	0.1
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	30	20	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Asia	40	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Australia	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	46,035	22,770	23,265	...	...	...
In the labour force	26,160	13,430	12,730	...	...	...
Employed	24,455	12,560	11,900	...	...	...
Unemployed	1,700	875	830	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	19,875	9,345	10,535	...	...	...
Participation rate	56.8	59.0	54.7	56.8	59.0	54.7
Employment rate	53.1	55.2	51.1	53.1	55.2	51.1
Unemployment rate	6.5	6.5	6.5	6.5	6.5	6.5
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	46,035	22,770	23,265	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	18,970	8,815	10,155	41.2	38.7	43.6
Worked	27,060	13,955	13,105	58.8	61.3	56.3
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	13,365	7,115	6,250	29.0	31.2	26.9
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	13,695	6,840	6,855	29.7	30.0	29.5
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.9	41.1	40.8	40.9	41.1	40.8
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	26,155	13,430	12,730	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	480	210	270	1.8	1.6	2.1
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	25,680	13,220	12,460	98.2	98.4	97.9
Employee	21,050	10,530	10,515	80.5	78.4	82.6
Permanent position	17,460	8,795	8,670	66.8	65.5	68.1
Temporary position	3,590	1,745	1,845	13.7	13.0	14.5
Fixed term (1 year or more)	1,030	390	640	3.9	2.9	5.0
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	2,560	1,350	1,205	9.8	10.1	9.5
Self-employed¹⁹²	4,630	2,685	1,940	17.7	20.0	15.2
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	26,155	13,430	12,730	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	480	210	270	1.8	1.6	2.1
All occupations¹⁹¹	25,680	13,220	12,460	98.2	98.4	97.9
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	810	555	260	3.1	4.1	2.0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	4,240	1,225	3,020	16.2	9.1	23.7
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,605	1,135	465	6.1	8.5	3.7
3 Health occupations	2,190	410	1,780	8.4	3.1	14.0
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	2,825	880	1,945	10.8	6.6	15.3
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	930	460	470	3.6	3.4	3.7
6 Sales and service occupations	6,375	2,810	3,560	24.4	20.9	28.0
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	4,365	4,025	340	16.7	30.0	2.7
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	840	655	185	3.2	4.9	1.5
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,490	1,060	435	5.7	7.9	3.4
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	26,155	13,430	12,730	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	480	210	270	1.8	1.6	2.1
All industries¹⁹¹	25,680	13,220	12,460	98.2	98.4	97.9
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	580	395	185	2.2	2.9	1.5
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	35	35	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
22 Utilities	105	80	30	0.4	0.6	0.2
23 Construction	2,165	1,870	295	8.3	13.9	2.3
31-33 Manufacturing	3,725	2,565	1,160	14.2	19.1	9.1
41 Wholesale trade	725	475	250	2.8	3.5	2.0
44-45 Retail trade	2,970	1,405	1,560	11.4	10.5	12.3
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	620	475	145	2.4	3.5	1.1
51 Information and cultural industries	420	240	180	1.6	1.8	1.4
52 Finance and insurance	675	300	370	2.6	2.2	2.9
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	380	240	150	1.5	1.8	1.2
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,945	1,005	940	7.4	7.5	7.4
55 Management of companies and enterprises	15	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,110	590	525	4.2	4.4	4.1
61 Educational services	2,025	690	1,340	7.7	5.1	10.5
62 Health care and social assistance	3,380	620	2,760	12.9	4.6	21.7
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	785	395	390	3.0	2.9	3.1
72 Accommodation and food services	1,565	675	895	6.0	5.0	7.0
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,250	570	685	4.8	4.2	5.4
91 Public administration	1,190	585	605	4.5	4.4	4.8
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	28,630	14,790	13,835	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	1,865	1,040	820	6.5	7.0	5.9
French	18,820	9,640	9,180	65.7	65.2	66.4
Non-official language	45	35	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	45	35	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
English and French	7,735	3,985	3,745	27.0	26.9	27.1
English and non-official language(s)	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	120	75	45	0.4	0.5	0.3
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	28,630	14,790	13,835	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	27,425	14,140	13,290	95.8	95.6	96.1
Official languages	27,365	14,090	13,280	95.6	95.3	96.0
English	3,320	1,815	1,505	11.6	12.3	10.9
French	24,050	12,275	11,770	84.0	83.0	85.1
Non-official languages	60	45	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	60	45	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	60	45	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	55	45	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	55	45	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	1,200	655	550	4.2	4.4	4.0
English and French	1,195	655	540	4.2	4.4	3.9
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	28,630	14,790	13,835	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	21,915	11,365	10,550	76.5	76.8	76.3
English	5,145	2,600	2,540	18.0	17.6	18.4
French	1,420	750	670	5.0	5.1	4.8
Non-official language	35	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	35	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	75	35	40	0.3	0.2	0.3
French and non-official language(s)	25	25	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	24,455	12,560	11,900	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	4,945	2,355	2,585	20.2	18.8	21.7
Worked outside Canada	125	50	75	0.5	0.4	0.6
No fixed workplace address	2,710	2,015	695	11.1	16.0	5.8
Usual place of work	16,675	8,135	8,545	68.2	64.8	71.8
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	16,675	8,130	8,540	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	6,540	2,965	3,575	39.2	36.5	41.9
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	2,880	1,390	1,490	17.3	17.1	17.4
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	7,230	3,750	3,480	43.4	46.1	40.7
Commute to a different province or territory	25	25	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	19,385	10,145	9,240	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	17,725	9,345	8,375	91.4	92.1	90.6
Car, truck or van - as a driver	16,725	8,860	7,865	86.3	87.3	85.1
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	1,000	490	515	5.2	4.8	5.6
Public transit	75	45	35	0.4	0.4	0.4
Walked	1,095	495	600	5.6	4.9	6.5
Bicycle	120	105	20	0.6	1.0	0.2
Other method	365	160	210	1.9	1.6	2.3
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	19,385	10,145	9,240	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	7,350	3,655	3,700	37.9	36.0	40.0
15 to 29 minutes	6,230	3,270	2,960	32.1	32.2	32.0
30 to 44 minutes	3,840	2,005	1,835	19.8	19.8	19.9
45 to 59 minutes	955	535	425	4.9	5.3	4.6
60 minutes and over	1,010	690	320	5.2	6.8	3.5
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	19,385	10,145	9,240	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,015	795	215	5.2	7.8	2.3
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	3,745	2,495	1,245	19.3	24.6	13.5
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	6,530	3,320	3,205	33.7	32.7	34.7
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	4,030	1,660	2,370	20.8	16.4	25.6
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,675	600	1,080	8.6	5.9	11.7
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	2,390	1,270	1,120	12.3	12.5	12.1
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	8,890	4,635	4,255	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,185	1,115	1,070	24.6	24.1	25.1
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	6,705	3,515	3,185	75.4	75.8	74.9
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	6,710	3,500	3,210	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,705	880	825	25.4	25.1	25.7
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	1,305	665	640	19.4	19.0	19.9
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	400	210	185	6.0	6.0	5.8
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	5,005	2,620	2,385	74.6	74.9	74.3

Symbol legend

...
not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 18, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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