Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Mégantic--L'ÉrableMore information: Quebec [Federal electoral district (2013 Representation Order)]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	88,894	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	87,233	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	1.9	...	...	1.9	...	...
Total private dwellings²	47,554	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	41,168	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	15.0	...	...	15.0	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	5,930.40	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	88,895	44,930	43,965	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	13,345	6,865	6,480	15.0	15.3	14.7
0 to 4 years	3,935	2,005	1,920	4.4	4.5	4.4
5 to 9 years	4,510	2,335	2,180	5.1	5.2	5.0
10 to 14 years	4,900	2,525	2,380	5.5	5.6	5.4
15 to 64 years	50,325	26,030	24,290	56.6	57.9	55.2
15 to 19 years	4,045	2,125	1,910	4.6	4.7	4.3
20 to 24 years	3,520	1,810	1,710	4.0	4.0	3.9
25 to 29 years	4,080	2,140	1,945	4.6	4.8	4.4
30 to 34 years	4,290	2,255	2,035	4.8	5.0	4.6
35 to 39 years	4,605	2,410	2,195	5.2	5.4	5.0
40 to 44 years	5,200	2,740	2,460	5.8	6.1	5.6
45 to 49 years	4,590	2,395	2,195	5.2	5.3	5.0
50 to 54 years	4,975	2,590	2,385	5.6	5.8	5.4
55 to 59 years	7,080	3,555	3,525	8.0	7.9	8.0
60 to 64 years	7,940	4,015	3,925	8.9	8.9	8.9
65 years and over	25,225	12,030	13,195	28.4	26.8	30.0
65 to 69 years	7,735	3,925	3,810	8.7	8.7	8.7
70 to 74 years	6,570	3,395	3,175	7.4	7.6	7.2
75 to 79 years	4,715	2,265	2,445	5.3	5.0	5.6
80 to 84 years	2,920	1,305	1,620	3.3	2.9	3.7
85 years and over	3,285	1,140	2,140	3.7	2.5	4.9
85 to 89 years	1,960	790	1,170	2.2	1.8	2.7
90 to 94 years	1,080	290	795	1.2	0.6	1.8
95 to 99 years	215	55	155	0.2	0.1	0.4
100 years and over	25	5	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	15.0	15.3	14.7	15.0	15.3	14.7
15 to 64 years	56.6	57.9	55.2	56.6	57.9	55.2
65 years and over	28.4	26.8	30.0	28.4	26.8	30.0
85 years and over	3.7	2.5	4.9	3.7	2.5	4.9
Average age of the population	47.0	46.1	48.0	47.0	46.1	48.0
Median age of the population	50.8	49.6	52.4	50.8	49.6	52.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	41,170	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	30,085	...	...	73.1	...	...
Semi-detached house	925	...	...	2.2	...	...
Row house	245	...	...	0.6	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	2,800	...	...	6.8	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	6,485	...	...	15.8	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	10	...	...	0.0	...	...
Other single-attached house	190	...	...	0.5	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	425	...	...	1.0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	41,165	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	15,205	...	...	36.9	...	...
2 persons	16,060	...	...	39.0	...	...
3 persons	4,060	...	...	9.9	...	...
4 persons	3,665	...	...	8.9	...	...
5 or more persons	2,180	...	...	5.3	...	...
Number of persons in private households	86,055	43,910	42,145	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.1	...	...	2.1	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	75,550	38,065	37,490	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	45,190	22,675	22,515	59.8	59.6	60.1
Married	25,745	12,935	12,810	34.1	34.0	34.2
Living common-law	19,445	9,735	9,705	25.7	25.6	25.9
Living common law - Never married	15,545	7,805	7,735	20.6	20.5	20.6
Living common law - Separated	135	50	80	0.2	0.1	0.2
Living common law - Divorced	3,250	1,655	1,600	4.3	4.3	4.3
Living common law - Widowed	510	225	285	0.7	0.6	0.8
Not married and not living common-law	30,365	15,390	14,970	40.2	40.4	39.9
Not married and not living common law - Never married	19,055	11,165	7,890	25.2	29.3	21.0
Not married and not living common law - Separated	745	390	355	1.0	1.0	0.9
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	5,265	2,555	2,715	7.0	6.7	7.2
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	5,300	1,280	4,015	7.0	3.4	10.7
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	25,245	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	15,810	...	...	62.6	...	...
3 persons	3,880	...	...	15.4	...	...
4 persons	3,555	...	...	14.1	...	...
5 or more persons	2,000	...	...	7.9	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.9	...	...	1.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	25,245	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	22,100	...	...	87.5	...	...
Married couples	12,380	...	...	49.0	...	...
With children⁶	3,035	...	...	12.0	...	...
Without children	9,345	...	...	37.0	...	...
Common-law couples	9,720	...	...	38.5	...	...
With children⁶	5,090	...	...	20.2	...	...
Without children	4,630	...	...	18.3	...	...
Total one-parent families	3,145	...	...	12.5	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	2,165	...	...	8.6	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	975	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	86,055	43,905	42,145	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	68,225	34,355	33,865	79.3	78.2	80.4
Married spouses or common-law partners	44,200	22,120	22,080	51.4	50.4	52.4
Parents in one-parent families	3,145	980	2,165	3.7	2.2	5.1
Children⁶	20,880	11,255	9,625	24.3	25.6	22.8
In a two-parent family	15,970	8,495	7,480	18.6	19.3	17.7
In a one-parent family	4,910	2,765	2,150	5.7	6.3	5.1
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	17,830	9,555	8,275	20.7	21.8	19.6
Living alone	15,205	8,090	7,120	17.7	18.4	16.9
Living with other relatives⁷	1,135	560	570	1.3	1.3	1.4
Living with non-relatives only	1,490	900	585	1.7	2.0	1.4
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	41,170	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	24,465	...	...	59.4	...	...
Couple-family households	21,580	...	...	52.4	...	...
With children⁶	7,920	...	...	19.2	...	...
Without children	13,670	...	...	33.2	...	...
One-parent-family households	2,880	...	...	7.0	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	180	...	...	0.4	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	50	...	...	0.1	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	435	...	...	1.1	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	835	...	...	2.0	...	...
One-person households	15,205	...	...	36.9	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	72,720	37,050	35,675	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	71,880	36,670	35,210	98.8	99.0	98.7
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,000	40,400	32,000	36,000	40,400	32,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	71,890	36,675	35,215	98.9	99.0	98.7
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	32,800	36,000	29,400	32,800	36,000	29,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	64,060	33,485	30,575	88.1	90.4	85.7
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	27,600	33,200	22,400	27,600	33,200	22,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	48,465	26,535	21,935	66.6	71.6	61.5
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	31,000	35,600	26,400	31,000	35,600	26,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	63,050	31,490	31,560	86.7	85.0	88.5
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,700	11,300	13,500	12,700	11,300	13,500
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	9,760	5,515	4,240	13.4	14.9	11.9
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,160	5,080	5,240	5,160	5,080	5,240
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	19,540	10,790	8,755	26.9	29.1	24.5
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	5,480	6,000	6,000	5,480	6,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	72,710	37,040	35,670	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	71,820	36,685	35,135	98.8	99.0	98.5
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,840	45,960	37,520	41,840	45,960	37,520
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	71,835	36,695	35,140	98.8	99.1	98.5
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,840	38,600	33,000	35,840	38,600	33,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	63,950	33,465	30,485	88.0	90.3	85.5
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,120	38,880	28,920	34,120	38,880	28,920
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	48,465	26,545	21,920	66.7	71.7	61.5
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,560	38,720	31,760	35,560	38,720	31,760
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	63,085	31,535	31,550	86.8	85.1	88.4
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	13,040	12,230	13,840	13,040	12,230	13,840
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	9,920	5,750	4,165	13.6	15.5	11.7
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,355	5,965	6,890	6,355	5,965	6,890
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	19,190	10,620	8,565	26.4	28.7	24.0
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,950	6,590	7,380	6,950	6,590	7,380
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	72,715	37,045	35,670	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	22,130	12,605	9,525	30.4	34.0	26.7
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	47,200	50,000	43,600	47,200	50,000	43,600
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	51,800	54,100	48,760	51,800	54,100	48,760
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	20,270	10,330	9,935	27.9	27.9	27.9
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	19,200	24,800	15,600	19,200	24,800	15,600
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	25,460	29,720	21,040	25,460	29,720	21,040
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	72.6	77.2	66.8	72.6	77.2	66.8
Employment income (%)¹⁹	57.4	61.0	52.8	57.4	61.0	52.8
Government transfers (%)²⁰	27.4	22.9	33.1	27.4	22.9	33.1
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.1	2.0	2.2	2.1	2.0	2.2
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.5	5.0	6.1	5.5	5.0	6.1
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.4	4.2	4.8	4.4	4.2	4.8
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	72,720	37,050	35,670	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	840	380	460	1.2	1.0	1.3
With total income	71,880	36,670	35,210	98.8	99.0	98.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	4,085	1,720	2,360	5.7	4.7	6.7
$10,000 to $19,999	10,705	4,065	6,640	14.9	11.1	18.9
$20,000 to $29,999	14,550	7,035	7,515	20.2	19.2	21.3
$30,000 to $39,999	10,730	5,210	5,525	14.9	14.2	15.7
$40,000 to $49,999	10,335	5,635	4,695	14.4	15.4	13.3
$50,000 to $59,999	7,970	4,575	3,395	11.1	12.5	9.6
$60,000 to $69,999	4,875	3,015	1,860	6.8	8.2	5.3
$70,000 to $79,999	2,920	1,875	1,045	4.1	5.1	3.0
$80,000 to $89,999	1,975	1,155	820	2.7	3.1	2.3
$90,000 to $99,999	1,220	705	510	1.7	1.9	1.4
$100,000 and over	2,515	1,680	835	3.5	4.6	2.4
$100,000 to $149,999	1,835	1,185	650	2.6	3.2	1.8
$150,000 and over	680	495	185	0.9	1.3	0.5
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	72,720	37,050	35,670	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	835	375	455	1.1	1.0	1.3
With after-tax income	71,885	36,675	35,215	98.9	99.0	98.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	4,395	1,825	2,570	6.1	5.0	7.3
$10,000 to $19,999	11,270	4,345	6,930	15.7	11.8	19.7
$20,000 to $29,999	16,645	8,040	8,605	23.2	21.9	24.4
$30,000 to $39,999	13,800	7,280	6,520	19.2	19.9	18.5
$40,000 to $49,999	11,615	6,695	4,915	16.2	18.3	14.0
$50,000 to $59,999	6,565	4,010	2,555	9.1	10.9	7.3
$60,000 to $69,999	3,470	1,980	1,490	4.8	5.4	4.2
$70,000 to $79,999	1,785	985	800	2.5	2.7	2.3
$80,000 to $89,999	910	520	390	1.3	1.4	1.1
$90,000 to $99,999	490	325	165	0.7	0.9	0.5
$100,000 and over	950	675	270	1.3	1.8	0.8
$100,000 to $124,999	525	365	160	0.7	1.0	0.5
$125,000 and over	425	310	115	0.6	0.8	0.3
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	72,720	37,050	35,670	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	24,250	10,515	13,735	33.3	28.4	38.5
With employment income	48,465	26,530	21,935	66.6	71.6	61.5
Under $5,000 (including loss)	7,070	3,840	3,235	14.6	14.5	14.7
$5,000 to $9,999	4,065	1,835	2,230	8.4	6.9	10.2
$10,000 to $19,999	6,545	2,995	3,545	13.5	11.3	16.2
$20,000 to $29,999	5,875	2,820	3,050	12.1	10.6	13.9
$30,000 to $39,999	6,350	3,385	2,965	13.1	12.8	13.5
$40,000 to $49,999	6,000	3,530	2,465	12.4	13.3	11.2
$50,000 to $59,999	4,340	2,810	1,530	9.0	10.6	7.0
$60,000 to $69,999	2,665	1,800	865	5.5	6.8	3.9
$70,000 to $79,999	1,800	1,155	645	3.7	4.4	2.9
$80,000 to $89,999	1,410	800	610	2.9	3.0	2.8
$90,000 to $99,999	740	455	285	1.5	1.7	1.3
$100,000 and over	1,605	1,100	510	3.3	4.1	2.3
$100,000 to $124,999	835	540	290	1.7	2.0	1.3
$125,000 and over	775	555	225	1.6	2.1	1.0
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	72,720	37,050	35,675	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	71,265	36,345	34,925	98.0	98.1	97.9
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	33,600	38,800	28,800	33,600	38,800	28,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	71,280	36,345	34,935	98.0	98.1	97.9
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	30,600	34,400	26,800	30,600	34,400	26,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	63,320	33,160	30,160	87.1	89.5	84.5
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	29,200	35,200	24,000	29,200	35,200	24,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	49,370	26,885	22,480	67.9	72.6	63.0
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	31,600	36,400	26,800	31,600	36,400	26,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	57,500	28,135	29,365	79.1	75.9	82.3
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,100	8,800	11,100	10,100	8,800	11,100
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	9,320	5,225	4,100	12.8	14.1	11.5
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,280	4,400	4,040	4,280	4,400	4,040
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	72,710	37,040	35,670	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	71,245	36,385	34,860	98.0	98.2	97.7
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,360	43,880	34,680	39,360	43,880	34,680
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	71,255	36,385	34,870	98.0	98.2	97.8
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	33,680	36,760	30,520	33,680	36,760	30,520
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	63,265	33,225	30,040	87.0	89.7	84.2
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,560	39,560	29,000	34,560	39,560	29,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	49,335	26,910	22,425	67.9	72.7	62.9
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,400	39,000	31,080	35,400	39,000	31,080
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	57,500	28,130	29,375	79.1	75.9	82.4
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,780	10,010	11,510	10,780	10,010	11,510
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	9,385	5,380	4,000	12.9	14.5	11.2
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,845	5,355	6,510	5,845	5,355	6,510
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	72,715	37,045	35,670	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	22,120	12,605	9,520	30.4	34.0	26.7
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	44,800	48,400	40,800	44,800	48,400	40,800
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	49,080	52,200	44,960	49,080	52,200	44,960
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	19,545	9,965	9,580	26.9	26.9	26.9
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	23,400	29,000	19,200	23,400	29,000	19,200
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	28,840	33,640	23,820	28,840	33,640	23,820
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	78.0	82.4	72.0	78.0	82.4	72.0
Employment income (%)	62.2	65.8	57.6	62.2	65.8	57.6
Government transfers (%)	22.1	17.6	28.0	22.1	17.6	28.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.0	1.8	2.2	2.0	1.8	2.2
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	41,170	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	59,600	...	...	59,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	53,200	...	...	53,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	15,205	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	33,600	...	...	33,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	30,800	...	...	30,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	25,960	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	82,000	...	...	82,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	72,000	...	...	72,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	41,165	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	73,000	...	...	73,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	62,550	...	...	62,550	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	15,220	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	39,680	...	...	39,680	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	34,440	...	...	34,440	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	25,950	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	92,500	...	...	92,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	79,100	...	...	79,100	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	41,170	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	250	...	...	0.6	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	200	...	...	0.5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	615	...	...	1.5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,030	...	...	2.5	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	3,375	...	...	8.2	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,890	...	...	4.6	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,940	...	...	4.7	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,800	...	...	6.8	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,490	...	...	6.0	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,220	...	...	5.4	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,885	...	...	9.4	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,245	...	...	7.9	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,885	...	...	7.0	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,630	...	...	6.4	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,280	...	...	5.5	...	...
$100,000 and over	9,415	...	...	22.9	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	4,030	...	...	9.8	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,405	...	...	5.8	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,935	...	...	4.7	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,055	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	41,170	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	295	...	...	0.7	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	220	...	...	0.5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	635	...	...	1.5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,105	...	...	2.7	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	3,535	...	...	8.6	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	2,305	...	...	5.6	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,485	...	...	6.0	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	3,330	...	...	8.1	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,890	...	...	7.0	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,420	...	...	5.9	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	4,090	...	...	9.9	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,665	...	...	8.9	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,230	...	...	7.8	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,740	...	...	6.7	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,095	...	...	5.1	...	...
$100,000 and over	6,140	...	...	14.9	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,295	...	...	8.0	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,490	...	...	3.6	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,350	...	...	3.3	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	25,430	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	82,000	...	...	82,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	72,000	...	...	72,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	13,720	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	69,000	...	...	69,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	62,000	...	...	62,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	8,140	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	115,000	...	...	115,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	99,000	...	...	99,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	3,090	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	62,800	...	...	62,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	57,200	...	...	57,200	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	16,695	8,990	7,705	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	33,200	37,200	28,800	33,200	37,200	28,800
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	30,600	33,200	27,600	30,600	33,200	27,600
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	25,400	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	92,600	...	...	92,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	79,100	...	...	79,100	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	13,730	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	78,600	...	...	78,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	67,300	...	...	67,300	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	8,105	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	125,400	...	...	125,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	105,900	...	...	105,900	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	3,090	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	69,700	...	...	69,700	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	61,850	...	...	61,850	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	16,745	9,160	7,580	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	38,960	41,880	35,480	38,960	41,880	35,480
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	33,840	35,640	31,640	33,840	35,640	31,640
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	86,050	43,905	42,145	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	15,810	8,155	7,660	18.4	18.6	18.2
0 to 5 years	4,770	2,445	2,325	5.5	5.6	5.5
18 to 64 years	47,495	24,515	22,975	55.2	55.8	54.5
65 years and over	22,745	11,235	11,510	26.4	25.6	27.3
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	12,635	6,020	6,610	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	1,530	820	705	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	495	265	230	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	5,060	2,565	2,500	...	...	...
65 years and over	6,040	2,640	3,405	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	14.7	13.7	15.7	14.7	13.7	15.7
0 to 17 years (%)	9.7	10.0	9.2	9.7	10.0	9.2
0 to 5 years (%)	10.4	10.8	10.0	10.4	10.8	10.0
18 to 64 years (%)	10.7	10.5	10.9	10.7	10.5	10.9
65 years and over (%)	26.6	23.5	29.6	26.6	23.5	29.6
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	86,055	43,905	42,145	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	15,815	8,155	7,655	18.4	18.6	18.2
0 to 5 years	4,770	2,445	2,330	5.5	5.6	5.5
18 to 64 years	47,495	24,515	22,980	55.2	55.8	54.5
65 years and over	22,745	11,235	11,510	26.4	25.6	27.3
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	2,120	1,125	995	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	215	115	95	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	70	40	30	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	1,655	900	760	...	...	...
65 years and over	250	110	140	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.5	2.6	2.4	2.5	2.6	2.4
0 to 17 years (%)	1.4	1.5	1.3	1.4	1.5	1.3
0 to 5 years (%)	1.4	1.6	1.3	1.4	1.6	1.3
18 to 64 years (%)	3.5	3.7	3.3	3.5	3.7	3.3
65 years and over (%)	1.1	1.0	1.2	1.1	1.0	1.2
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	86,050	43,905	42,145	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	58,285	29,405	28,880	67.7	67.0	68.5
In bottom decile	9,480	4,550	4,930	11.0	10.4	11.7
In second decile	13,435	6,605	6,830	15.6	15.0	16.2
In third decile	12,315	6,300	6,015	14.3	14.3	14.3
In fourth decile	12,075	6,245	5,835	14.0	14.2	13.8
In fifth decile	10,980	5,710	5,270	12.8	13.0	12.5
In top half of the distribution	27,770	14,505	13,265	32.3	33.0	31.5
In sixth decile	9,155	4,770	4,385	10.6	10.9	10.4
In seventh decile	7,425	3,880	3,550	8.6	8.8	8.4
In eighth decile	5,435	2,830	2,615	6.3	6.4	6.2
In ninth decile	3,630	1,895	1,735	4.2	4.3	4.1
In top decile	2,115	1,130	990	2.5	2.6	2.3
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	86,055	...	...	86,055	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.284	...	...	0.284	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.446	...	...	0.446	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.245	...	...	0.245	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.0	...	...	3.0	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	87,965	44,565	43,395	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	260	165	95	0.3	0.4	0.2
French only	67,720	33,345	34,370	77.0	74.8	79.2
English and French	19,725	10,870	8,850	22.4	24.4	20.4
Neither English nor French	265	185	75	0.3	0.4	0.2
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	87,965	44,565	43,395	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	1,130	600	535	1.3	1.3	1.2
French	86,290	43,625	42,670	98.1	97.9	98.3
English and French	290	160	130	0.3	0.4	0.3
Neither English nor French	245	180	70	0.3	0.4	0.2
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	87,965	44,565	43,395	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	87,315	44,230	43,085	99.3	99.2	99.3
Official languages	85,935	43,395	42,535	97.7	97.4	98.0
English	995	505	490	1.1	1.1	1.1
French	84,935	42,895	42,045	96.6	96.3	96.9
Non-official languages	1,380	830	550	1.6	1.9	1.3
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,375	830	545	1.6	1.9	1.3
Afro-Asiatic languages	225	145	80	0.3	0.3	0.2
Berber languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	210	130	75	0.2	0.3	0.2
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	210	130	75	0.2	0.3	0.2
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	45	20	20	0.1	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	65	50	20	0.1	0.1	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	60	45	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	45	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.0
Haitian Creole	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	875	530	350	1.0	1.2	0.8
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	50	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	50	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	85	45	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	70	40	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
German	40	25	20	0.0	0.1	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	720	440	280	0.8	1.0	0.6
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	35	25	15	0.0	0.1	0.0
Portuguese	35	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	630	395	240	0.7	0.9	0.6
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	55	35	20	0.1	0.1	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	20	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	20	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	40	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	40	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	645	335	310	0.7	0.8	0.7
English and French	460	225	230	0.5	0.5	0.5
English and non-official language(s)	25	20	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	130	65	60	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	20	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	87,965	44,565	43,395	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	510	265	245	0.6	0.6	0.6
French	84,015	42,385	41,635	95.5	95.1	95.9
Non-official language	525	360	165	0.6	0.8	0.4
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	530	355	165	0.6	0.8	0.4
English and French	1,880	975	900	2.1	2.2	2.1
English and non-official language(s)	75	55	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	705	400	305	0.8	0.9	0.7
English, French and non-official language(s)	245	125	125	0.3	0.3	0.3
Multiple non-official languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	87,965	44,565	43,395	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	87,270	44,195	43,080	99.2	99.2	99.3
Official languages	86,450	43,665	42,785	98.3	98.0	98.6
English	740	370	365	0.8	0.8	0.8
French	85,715	43,290	42,425	97.4	97.1	97.8
Non-official languages	820	530	290	0.9	1.2	0.7
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	820	530	290	0.9	1.2	0.7
Afro-Asiatic languages	100	65	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Berber languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	95	60	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	95	60	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	35	30	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	35	30	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	580	380	205	0.7	0.9	0.5
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	515	345	170	0.6	0.8	0.4
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	485	330	155	0.6	0.7	0.4
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	20	15	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	690	370	320	0.8	0.8	0.7
English and French	385	185	195	0.4	0.4	0.4
English and non-official language(s)	35	25	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	245	140	100	0.3	0.3	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	87,965	44,565	43,395	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	85,670	43,335	42,335	97.4	97.2	97.6
English	1,370	740	630	1.6	1.7	1.5
French	420	225	200	0.5	0.5	0.5
Non-official language	285	160	125	0.3	0.4	0.3
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	285	160	125	0.3	0.4	0.3
English and French	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	125	60	65	0.1	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	30	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	30	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	86,050	43,910	42,145	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	85,745	43,685	42,060	99.6	99.5	99.8
English	19,800	11,005	8,785	23.0	25.1	20.8
French	85,455	43,500	41,965	99.3	99.1	99.6
Non-official languages	3,125	1,670	1,455	3.6	3.8	3.5
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	3,125	1,670	1,455	3.6	3.8	3.5
Afro-Asiatic languages	335	205	125	0.4	0.5	0.3
Berber languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	320	205	120	0.4	0.5	0.3
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	320	205	120	0.4	0.5	0.3
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	70	40	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	30	20	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	40	20	25	0.0	0.0	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	65	60	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	60	55	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	115	45	70	0.1	0.1	0.2
Haitian Creole	55	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	30	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	20	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	2,355	1,230	1,125	2.7	2.8	2.7
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	105	50	55	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	100	45	55	0.1	0.1	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	75	30	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	165	75	85	0.2	0.2	0.2
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	160	75	80	0.2	0.2	0.2
German	130	60	65	0.2	0.1	0.2
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	35	25	15	0.0	0.1	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	2,115	1,120	1,000	2.5	2.6	2.4
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	115	65	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Portuguese	95	45	50	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	1,955	1,025	935	2.3	2.3	2.2
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	65	35	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	30	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	55	30	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	40	25	15	0.0	0.1	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	20	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	110	60	55	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages	110	60	55	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	65	30	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	35	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	86,050	43,910	42,145	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	1,410	770	635	1.6	1.8	1.5
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	1,325	725	595	1.5	1.7	1.4
First Nations (North American Indian)	820	395	425	1.0	0.9	1.0
Métis	500	330	165	0.6	0.8	0.4
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	25	20	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	55	20	30	0.1	0.0	0.1
Non-Indigenous identity	84,640	43,135	41,505	98.4	98.2	98.5
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	86,050	43,910	42,145	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	200	105	95	0.2	0.2	0.2
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	85,855	43,800	42,050	99.8	99.7	99.8
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	41,165	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	30,155	...	...	73.3	...	...
Renter	11,010	...	...	26.7	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	41,165	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	2,260	...	...	5.5	...	...
Not condominium	38,905	...	...	94.5	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	41,165	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	75	...	...	0.2	...	...
1 bedroom	4,375	...	...	10.6	...	...
2 bedrooms	11,915	...	...	28.9	...	...
3 bedrooms	14,805	...	...	36.0	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	9,995	...	...	24.3	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	41,165	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	10,255	...	...	24.9	...	...
5 rooms	7,990	...	...	19.4	...	...
6 rooms	6,395	...	...	15.5	...	...
7 rooms	5,710	...	...	13.9	...	...
8 or more rooms	10,820	...	...	26.3	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.2	...	...	6.2	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	41,165	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	41,075	...	...	99.8	...	...
More than one person per room	90	...	...	0.2	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	41,165	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	40,680	...	...	98.8	...	...
Not suitable	490	...	...	1.2	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	41,165	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	14,365	...	...	34.9	...	...
1961 to 1980	13,090	...	...	31.8	...	...
1981 to 1990	4,075	...	...	9.9	...	...
1991 to 2000	3,380	...	...	8.2	...	...
2001 to 2005	1,485	...	...	3.6	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,760	...	...	4.3	...	...
2011 to 2015	1,620	...	...	3.9	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	1,395	...	...	3.4	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	41,165	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	38,885	...	...	94.5	...	...
Major repairs needed	2,285	...	...	5.6	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	41,165	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	24,435	...	...	59.4	...	...
Two-maintainer household	16,265	...	...	39.5	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	475	...	...	1.2	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	41,165	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	920	...	...	2.2	...	...
25 to 34 years	4,425	...	...	10.7	...	...
35 to 44 years	5,695	...	...	13.8	...	...
45 to 54 years	6,010	...	...	14.6	...	...
55 to 64 years	8,895	...	...	21.6	...	...
65 to 74 years	8,925	...	...	21.7	...	...
75 to 84 years	4,655	...	...	11.3	...	...
85 years and over	1,640	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	40,250	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	36,350	...	...	90.3	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	3,900	...	...	9.7	...	...
30% to less than 100%	3,635	...	...	9.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	41,165	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	6,325	...	...	15.4	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	3,585	...	...	8.7	...	...
Not suitable only	450	...	...	1.1	...	...
Major repairs needed only	1,945	...	...	4.7	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	10	...	...	0.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	305	...	...	0.7	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	30	...	...	0.1	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	34,840	...	...	84.6	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	39,985	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	1,125	...	...	2.8	...	...
Not in core need	38,860	...	...	97.2	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	29,420	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	50.9	...	...	50.9	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	6.5	...	...	6.5	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	640	...	...	640	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	771	...	...	771	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	150,000	...	...	150,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	189,200	...	...	189,200	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	10,900	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	8.9	...	...	8.9	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	18.2	...	...	18.2	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	5.7	...	...	5.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	528	...	...	528	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	588	...	...	588	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	86,050	43,905	42,145	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	1,560	830	735	1.8	1.9	1.7
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	1,535	810	725	1.8	1.8	1.7
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	1,305	655	645	1.5	1.5	1.5
Métis single ancestry	225	155	75	0.3	0.4	0.2
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	30	20	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	1,540	715	820	1.8	1.6	1.9
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	1,540	715	820	1.8	1.6	1.9
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	1,365	610	750	1.6	1.4	1.8
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	160	90	70	0.2	0.2	0.2
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	15	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	82,955	42,365	40,590	96.4	96.5	96.3
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	86,055	43,905	42,145	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	84,500	42,950	41,545	98.2	97.8	98.6
Canadian citizens aged under 18	15,500	7,985	7,510	18.0	18.2	17.8
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	69,000	34,965	34,030	80.2	79.6	80.7
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	1,555	955	600	1.8	2.2	1.4
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	86,055	43,905	42,145	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	83,570	42,465	41,105	97.1	96.7	97.5
Immigrants⁸¹	1,320	665	660	1.5	1.5	1.6
Before 1980	310	160	150	0.4	0.4	0.4
1980 to 1990	195	110	85	0.2	0.3	0.2
1991 to 2000	155	75	80	0.2	0.2	0.2
2001 to 2010	290	145	135	0.3	0.3	0.3
2011 to 2021⁸²	375	170	205	0.4	0.4	0.5
2011 to 2015	140	70	75	0.2	0.2	0.2
2016 to 2021	235	105	130	0.3	0.2	0.3
Non-permanent residents⁸³	1,160	780	385	1.3	1.8	0.9
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	1,325	665	655	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	175	90	90	13.2	13.5	13.7
5 to 14 years	280	145	135	21.1	21.8	20.6
15 to 24 years	245	135	110	18.5	20.3	16.8
25 to 44 years	555	260	295	41.9	39.1	45.0
45 years and over	60	25	30	4.5	3.8	4.6
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	1,325	665	655	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	405	195	215	30.6	29.3	32.8
Brazil	10	0	0	0.8	0.0	0.0
Colombia	70	40	35	5.3	6.0	5.3
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	50	20	30	3.8	3.0	4.6
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	35	15	15	2.6	2.3	2.3
Peru	15	0	15	1.1	0.0	2.3
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	160	85	80	12.1	12.8	12.2
Other places of birth in Americas	70	30	40	5.3	4.5	6.1
Europe	565	305	255	42.6	45.9	38.9
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	285	160	120	21.5	24.1	18.3
Germany	20	10	10	1.5	1.5	1.5
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	20	15	10	1.5	2.3	1.5
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	15	0	15	1.1	0.0	2.3
Portugal	15	10	0	1.1	1.5	0.0
Romania	25	20	0	1.9	3.0	0.0
Russian Federation	20	10	10	1.5	1.5	1.5
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	10	0	10	0.8	0.0	1.5
Other places of birth in Europe	150	75	75	11.3	11.3	11.5
Africa	175	90	85	13.2	13.5	13.0
Algeria	15	15	0	1.1	2.3	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	25	0	15	1.9	0.0	2.3
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	15	10	0	1.1	1.5	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	115	65	55	8.7	9.8	8.4
Asia	165	65	100	12.5	9.8	15.3
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	15	10	10	1.1	1.5	1.5
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	45	15	30	3.4	2.3	4.6
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	10	0	10	0.8	0.0	1.5
Taiwan	10	0	10	0.8	0.0	1.5
Philippines	10	0	10	0.8	0.0	1.5
Viet Nam	30	15	15	2.3	2.3	2.3
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	40	25	20	3.0	3.8	3.1
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	235	105	135	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	50	20	30	21.3	19.0	22.2
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	10	0	10	4.3	0.0	7.4
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	10	0	0	4.3	0.0	0.0
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	25	10	10	10.6	9.5	7.4
Europe	90	50	40	38.3	47.6	29.6
France	65	45	20	27.7	42.9	14.8
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	0	4.3	0.0	0.0
Africa	60	25	35	25.5	23.8	25.9
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	25	10	15	10.6	9.5	11.1
Other places of birth in Africa	25	10	15	10.6	9.5	11.1
Asia	35	10	25	14.9	9.5	18.5
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	86,050	43,910	42,145	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	2,790	1,595	1,190	3.2	3.6	2.8
Second generation¹⁰¹	1,805	950	855	2.1	2.2	2.0
Third generation or more¹⁰²	81,465	41,360	40,105	94.7	94.2	95.2
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	1,015	505	510	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	495	275	225	48.8	54.5	44.1
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	265	175	90	26.1	34.7	17.6
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	230	95	135	22.7	18.8	26.5
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	365	150	215	36.0	29.7	42.2
Refugees¹⁰⁸	130	65	65	12.8	12.9	12.7
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	15	15	0	1.5	3.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	1,015	505	510	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	40	20	25	3.9	4.0	4.9
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	140	75	65	13.8	14.9	12.7
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	25	0	25	2.5	0.0	4.9
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	65	40	25	6.4	7.9	4.9
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	40	20	15	3.9	4.0	2.9
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	700	345	360	69.0	68.3	70.6
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	86,050	43,910	42,145	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	1,895	1,115	775	2.2	2.5	1.8
South Asian	35	30	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Chinese	155	65	85	0.2	0.1	0.2
Black	430	235	195	0.5	0.5	0.5
Filipino	75	60	20	0.1	0.1	0.0
Arab	245	155	95	0.3	0.4	0.2
Latin American	760	480	275	0.9	1.1	0.7
Southeast Asian	110	60	50	0.1	0.1	0.1
West Asian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	20	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	25	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple visible minorities	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	84,160	42,795	41,365	97.8	97.5	98.1
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	86,055	43,910	42,145	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	37,760	18,805	18,955	43.9	42.8	45.0
English	625	305	315	0.7	0.7	0.7
Irish	2,570	1,220	1,345	3.0	2.8	3.2
Scottish	875	405	470	1.0	0.9	1.1
French, n.o.s.¹²²	17,770	9,210	8,560	20.6	21.0	20.3
German	695	315	380	0.8	0.7	0.9
Chinese	130	40	90	0.2	0.1	0.2
Italian	605	300	310	0.7	0.7	0.7
Indian (India)	70	50	20	0.1	0.1	0.0
Ukrainian	115	35	75	0.1	0.1	0.2
Dutch	45	35	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Polish	115	65	50	0.1	0.1	0.1
Québécois	13,300	6,775	6,520	15.5	15.4	15.5
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	75	40	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Filipino	60	40	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
French Canadian	9,670	5,080	4,595	11.2	11.6	10.9
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	1,880	955	925	2.2	2.2	2.2
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	1,110	510	600	1.3	1.2	1.4
Métis	410	260	155	0.5	0.6	0.4
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	730	380	350	0.8	0.9	0.8
Russian	75	45	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Norwegian	55	25	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Welsh	40	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	115	60	55	0.1	0.1	0.1
American	445	230	210	0.5	0.5	0.5
Spanish	235	130	105	0.3	0.3	0.2
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	90	45	50	0.1	0.1	0.1
Acadian	300	175	125	0.3	0.4	0.3
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	170	95	65	0.2	0.2	0.2
Jewish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	60	30	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	75	35	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Greek	60	45	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Jamaican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	35	25	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	140	50	85	0.2	0.1	0.2
Korean	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	35	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanese	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	1,330	705	625	1.5	1.6	1.5
Danish	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	200	110	90	0.2	0.3	0.2
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	20	20	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belgian	150	65	80	0.2	0.1	0.2
Haitian	100	45	50	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	365	250	115	0.4	0.6	0.3
Mennonite	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	200	85	110	0.2	0.2	0.3
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	160	105	60	0.2	0.2	0.1
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	90	45	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombian	125	70	50	0.1	0.2	0.1
Moroccan	70	30	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syrian	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	25	20	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	40	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	35	25	15	0.0	0.1	0.0
Slovak	15	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	355	140	220	0.4	0.3	0.5
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	35	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	40	25	20	0.0	0.1	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Brunswicker	20	20	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	20	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	145	105	35	0.2	0.2	0.1
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	25	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	80	30	55	0.1	0.1	0.1
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	60	55	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	110	40	65	0.1	0.1	0.2
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	25	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	485	255	235	0.6	0.6	0.6
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	75	45	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	95	30	65	0.1	0.1	0.2
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	210	85	130	0.2	0.2	0.3
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	60	35	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Norman	170	85	80	0.2	0.2	0.2
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	35	25	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	20	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	25	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	30	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	25	25	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	20	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	86,050	43,905	42,145	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	45	10	35	0.1	0.0	0.1
Christian	69,785	34,960	34,820	81.1	79.6	82.6
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	4,665	2,455	2,215	5.4	5.6	5.3
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	110	50	60	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baptist	145	60	85	0.2	0.1	0.2
Catholic	63,580	31,750	31,835	73.9	72.3	75.5
Christian Orthodox	100	50	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Jehovah's Witness	465	240	225	0.5	0.5	0.5
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lutheran	20	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	235	110	125	0.3	0.3	0.3
Presbyterian	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	35	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	385	190	200	0.4	0.4	0.5
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	330	210	115	0.4	0.5	0.3
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	225	125	95	0.3	0.3	0.2
No religion and secular perspectives	15,665	8,595	7,070	18.2	19.6	16.8
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	85,305	43,530	41,770	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	77,755	39,725	38,030	91.1	91.3	91.0
Movers	7,555	3,810	3,745	8.9	8.8	9.0
Non-migrants	3,655	1,880	1,775	4.3	4.3	4.2
Migrants	3,895	1,925	1,970	4.6	4.4	4.7
Internal migrants	3,560	1,750	1,820	4.2	4.0	4.4
Intraprovincial migrants	3,520	1,730	1,790	4.1	4.0	4.3
Interprovincial migrants	45	20	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
External migrants	335	180	155	0.4	0.4	0.4
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	82,155	41,940	40,205	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	57,985	29,840	28,140	70.6	71.1	70.0
Movers	24,170	12,105	12,065	29.4	28.9	30.0
Non-migrants	8,235	4,115	4,120	10.0	9.8	10.2
Migrants	15,930	7,985	7,945	19.4	19.0	19.8
Internal migrants	14,755	7,235	7,520	18.0	17.3	18.7
Intraprovincial migrants	14,525	7,130	7,395	17.7	17.0	18.4
Interprovincial migrants	230	105	125	0.3	0.3	0.3
External migrants	1,175	750	425	1.4	1.8	1.1
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	72,715	37,040	35,670	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	21,200	12,090	9,105	29.2	32.6	25.5
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	51,510	24,955	26,560	70.8	67.4	74.5
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	42,385	21,895	20,490	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	9,180	5,870	3,310	21.7	26.8	16.2
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	33,200	16,025	17,175	78.3	73.2	83.8
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	72,710	37,040	35,670	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	18,585	10,145	8,435	25.6	27.4	23.6
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	15,525	7,350	8,170	21.4	19.8	22.9
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	38,605	19,545	19,060	53.1	52.8	53.4
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	31,445	16,475	14,965	43.2	44.5	42.0
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	17,385	10,955	6,435	23.9	29.6	18.0
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	12,890	7,345	5,545	17.7	19.8	15.5
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	4,490	3,605	890	6.2	9.7	2.5
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	12,085	4,885	7,195	16.6	13.2	20.2
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,980	645	1,340	2.7	1.7	3.8
Bachelor's degree or higher	7,165	3,065	4,100	9.9	8.3	11.5
Bachelor's degree	5,200	2,140	3,060	7.2	5.8	8.6
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	590	245	350	0.8	0.7	1.0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	265	115	155	0.4	0.3	0.4
Master's degree	1,020	510	505	1.4	1.4	1.4
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	85	55	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	42,385	21,895	20,485	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	7,395	4,575	2,820	17.4	20.9	13.8
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	7,545	3,885	3,665	17.8	17.7	17.9
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	27,445	13,440	14,005	64.8	61.4	68.4
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	22,275	11,460	10,820	52.6	52.3	52.8
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	12,900	7,830	5,070	30.4	35.8	24.7
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	9,595	5,195	4,400	22.6	23.7	21.5
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	3,310	2,640	675	7.8	12.1	3.3
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	8,280	3,280	5,000	19.5	15.0	24.4
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,095	350	745	2.6	1.6	3.6
Bachelor's degree or higher	5,165	1,985	3,185	12.2	9.1	15.5
Bachelor's degree	3,755	1,425	2,330	8.9	6.5	11.4
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	435	160	275	1.0	0.7	1.3
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	205	55	145	0.5	0.3	0.7
Master's degree	720	315	405	1.7	1.4	2.0
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	55	30	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	72,715	37,040	35,670	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	34,105	17,495	16,610	46.9	47.2	46.6
Education	3,400	720	2,675	4.7	1.9	7.5
13. Education	3,400	720	2,675	4.7	1.9	7.5
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	715	305	405	1.0	0.8	1.1
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	120	95	20	0.2	0.3	0.1
50. Visual and performing arts	590	210	385	0.8	0.6	1.1
Humanities	1,550	695	855	2.1	1.9	2.4
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	170	25	150	0.2	0.1	0.4
23. English language and literature/letters	30	0	30	0.0	0.0	0.1
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	890	405	485	1.2	1.1	1.4
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	65	55	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	120	60	65	0.2	0.2	0.2
54. History	105	75	30	0.1	0.2	0.1
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	160	70	95	0.2	0.2	0.3
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,060	485	1,575	2.8	1.3	4.4
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	165	55	115	0.2	0.1	0.3
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	955	50	900	1.3	0.1	2.5
22. Legal professions and studies	215	90	125	0.3	0.2	0.4
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	80	25	55	0.1	0.1	0.2
42. Psychology	295	65	225	0.4	0.2	0.6
45. Social sciences	325	185	140	0.4	0.5	0.4
Business, management and public administration	7,225	2,080	5,140	9.9	5.6	14.4
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	405	55	355	0.6	0.1	1.0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	6,810	2,025	4,785	9.4	5.5	13.4
Physical and life sciences and technologies	665	320	340	0.9	0.9	1.0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	170	60	115	0.2	0.2	0.3
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	60	25	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	205	80	130	0.3	0.2	0.4
40. Physical sciences	170	140	25	0.2	0.4	0.1
41. Science technologies/technicians	55	15	40	0.1	0.0	0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	555	335	215	0.8	0.9	0.6
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	480	315	165	0.7	0.9	0.5
25. Library science	45	0	40	0.1	0.0	0.1
27. Mathematics and statistics	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	11,450	10,795	650	15.7	29.1	1.8
04. Architecture and related services	150	80	65	0.2	0.2	0.2
14. Engineering	670	590	85	0.9	1.6	0.2
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	2,125	1,870	255	2.9	5.0	0.7
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	2,505	2,465	35	3.4	6.7	0.1
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	3,105	3,045	65	4.3	8.2	0.2
48. Precision production	2,895	2,750	140	4.0	7.4	0.4
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,880	1,285	595	2.6	3.5	1.7
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	1,405	885	510	1.9	2.4	1.4
03. Natural resources and conservation	475	395	85	0.7	1.1	0.2
Health and related fields	5,390	805	4,580	7.4	2.2	12.8
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	210	135	75	0.3	0.4	0.2
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	5,100	635	4,465	7.0	1.7	12.5
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	80	30	50	0.1	0.1	0.1
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,715	1,710	2,005	5.1	4.6	5.6
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	2,220	430	1,785	3.1	1.2	5.0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	375	290	80	0.5	0.8	0.2
49. Transportation and materials moving	1,115	980	135	1.5	2.6	0.4
Other¹⁷⁹	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	42,385	21,895	20,490	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	14,945	8,460	6,490	35.3	38.6	31.7
Education	2,065	350	1,710	4.9	1.6	8.3
13. Education	2,065	350	1,710	4.9	1.6	8.3
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	550	220	330	1.3	1.0	1.6
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	90	75	20	0.2	0.3	0.1
50. Visual and performing arts	455	150	310	1.1	0.7	1.5
Humanities	750	310	435	1.8	1.4	2.1
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	105	15	90	0.2	0.1	0.4
23. English language and literature/letters	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	460	190	270	1.1	0.9	1.3
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	30	20	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
54. History	40	35	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	70	30	35	0.2	0.1	0.2
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,520	295	1,220	3.6	1.3	6.0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	120	25	90	0.3	0.1	0.4
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	775	45	725	1.8	0.2	3.5
22. Legal professions and studies	165	45	115	0.4	0.2	0.6
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
42. Psychology	200	35	160	0.5	0.2	0.8
45. Social sciences	210	110	100	0.5	0.5	0.5
Business, management and public administration	5,435	1,400	4,035	12.8	6.4	19.7
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	315	30	280	0.7	0.1	1.4
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	5,110	1,365	3,740	12.1	6.2	18.3
Physical and life sciences and technologies	380	205	170	0.9	0.9	0.8
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	155	60	100	0.4	0.3	0.5
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	50	30	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
40. Physical sciences	125	100	20	0.3	0.5	0.1
41. Science technologies/technicians	20	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	410	255	160	1.0	1.2	0.8
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	365	245	120	0.9	1.1	0.6
25. Library science	30	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	8,095	7,545	550	19.1	34.5	2.7
04. Architecture and related services	115	65	45	0.3	0.3	0.2
14. Engineering	510	435	80	1.2	2.0	0.4
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	1,570	1,335	230	3.7	6.1	1.1
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	1,745	1,715	35	4.1	7.8	0.2
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,185	2,140	40	5.2	9.8	0.2
48. Precision production	1,970	1,855	120	4.6	8.5	0.6
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,510	1,030	480	3.6	4.7	2.3
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	1,145	715	425	2.7	3.3	2.1
03. Natural resources and conservation	375	320	55	0.9	1.5	0.3
Health and related fields	3,850	580	3,270	9.1	2.6	16.0
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	160	95	65	0.4	0.4	0.3
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	3,625	460	3,160	8.6	2.1	15.4
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	70	15	45	0.2	0.1	0.2
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,880	1,250	1,630	6.8	5.7	8.0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	1,735	280	1,460	4.1	1.3	7.1
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	270	205	65	0.6	0.9	0.3
49. Transportation and materials moving	870	770	100	2.1	3.5	0.5
Other¹⁷⁹	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	42,385	21,895	20,490	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	14,945	8,460	6,490	35.3	38.6	31.7
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	27,440	13,440	14,000	64.7	61.4	68.3
Location of study inside Canada	26,570	12,910	13,660	62.7	59.0	66.7
Same as province or territory of residence	26,395	12,810	13,585	62.3	58.5	66.3
Different than province or territory of residence	175	95	75	0.4	0.4	0.4
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	870	530	345	2.1	2.4	1.7
Americas	305	155	150	0.7	0.7	0.7
United States of America	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mexico	100	60	35	0.2	0.3	0.2
Cuba	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	85	45	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
Peru	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	30	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Europe	235	155	85	0.6	0.7	0.4
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	180	120	60	0.4	0.5	0.3
Germany	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	225	160	65	0.5	0.7	0.3
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	35	30	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tunisia	115	80	35	0.3	0.4	0.2
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	60	45	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Asia	105	60	45	0.2	0.3	0.2
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	20	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Taiwan	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	60	50	10	0.1	0.2	0.0
Viet Nam	15	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	72,710	37,040	35,670	...	...	...
In the labour force	42,880	23,335	19,545	...	...	...
Employed	40,470	22,120	18,350	...	...	...
Unemployed	2,410	1,210	1,195	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	29,835	13,705	16,125	...	...	...
Participation rate	59.0	63.0	54.8	59.0	63.0	54.8
Employment rate	55.7	59.7	51.4	55.7	59.7	51.4
Unemployment rate	5.6	5.2	6.1	5.6	5.2	6.1
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	72,715	37,040	35,670	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	28,750	13,125	15,625	39.5	35.4	43.8
Worked	43,965	23,920	20,045	60.5	64.6	56.2
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	22,785	13,050	9,735	31.3	35.2	27.3
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	21,185	10,870	10,310	29.1	29.3	28.9
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.0	42.5	41.3	42.0	42.5	41.3
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	42,880	23,330	19,545	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	705	345	365	1.6	1.5	1.9
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	42,170	22,990	19,180	98.3	98.5	98.1
Employee	35,950	19,165	16,790	83.8	82.1	85.9
Permanent position	30,285	16,245	14,040	70.6	69.6	71.8
Temporary position	5,665	2,915	2,755	13.2	12.5	14.1
Fixed term (1 year or more)	1,780	905	875	4.2	3.9	4.5
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	3,885	2,010	1,875	9.1	8.6	9.6
Self-employed¹⁹²	6,225	3,830	2,390	14.5	16.4	12.2
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	42,880	23,330	19,545	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	705	345	365	1.6	1.5	1.9
All occupations¹⁹¹	42,170	22,990	19,180	98.3	98.5	98.1
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	770	555	215	1.8	2.4	1.1
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	5,290	1,400	3,885	12.3	6.0	19.9
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,850	1,400	450	4.3	6.0	2.3
3 Health occupations	3,305	440	2,860	7.7	1.9	14.6
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	4,050	880	3,170	9.4	3.8	16.2
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	760	385	380	1.8	1.7	1.9
6 Sales and service occupations	9,540	3,760	5,785	22.2	16.1	29.6
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	9,200	8,560	640	21.5	36.7	3.3
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	2,795	2,200	595	6.5	9.4	3.0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	4,610	3,415	1,195	10.8	14.6	6.1
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	42,880	23,330	19,545	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	705	345	365	1.6	1.5	1.9
All industries¹⁹¹	42,170	22,990	19,180	98.3	98.5	98.1
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	3,030	2,205	830	7.1	9.5	4.2
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	215	195	20	0.5	0.8	0.1
22 Utilities	110	85	30	0.3	0.4	0.2
23 Construction	3,340	2,955	385	7.8	12.7	2.0
31-33 Manufacturing	9,695	7,110	2,590	22.6	30.5	13.3
41 Wholesale trade	1,005	740	260	2.3	3.2	1.3
44-45 Retail trade	4,915	2,275	2,640	11.5	9.8	13.5
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,540	1,165	375	3.6	5.0	1.9
51 Information and cultural industries	205	105	100	0.5	0.5	0.5
52 Finance and insurance	885	265	620	2.1	1.1	3.2
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	280	180	105	0.7	0.8	0.5
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,430	680	750	3.3	2.9	3.8
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,215	705	505	2.8	3.0	2.6
61 Educational services	2,525	645	1,880	5.9	2.8	9.6
62 Health care and social assistance	5,700	810	4,890	13.3	3.5	25.0
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	430	260	165	1.0	1.1	0.8
72 Accommodation and food services	1,955	660	1,290	4.6	2.8	6.6
81 Other services (except public administration)	2,210	1,160	1,050	5.2	5.0	5.4
91 Public administration	1,485	790	690	3.5	3.4	3.5
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	46,335	25,140	21,200	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	360	215	140	0.8	0.9	0.7
French	42,100	22,545	19,550	90.9	89.7	92.2
Non-official language	140	125	20	0.3	0.5	0.1
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	140	125	20	0.3	0.5	0.1
English and French	3,395	2,065	1,325	7.3	8.2	6.3
English and non-official language(s)	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	170	95	75	0.4	0.4	0.4
English, French and non-official language(s)	155	85	75	0.3	0.3	0.4
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	46,335	25,140	21,200	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	45,905	24,865	21,040	99.1	98.9	99.2
Official languages	45,715	24,705	21,005	98.7	98.3	99.1
English	755	475	280	1.6	1.9	1.3
French	44,950	24,230	20,725	97.0	96.4	97.8
Non-official languages	195	155	35	0.4	0.6	0.2
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	195	155	35	0.4	0.6	0.2
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	175	145	30	0.4	0.6	0.1
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	165	145	25	0.4	0.6	0.1
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	165	145	20	0.4	0.6	0.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	430	275	160	0.9	1.1	0.8
English and French	375	235	135	0.8	0.9	0.6
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	35	25	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	46,335	25,140	21,200	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	43,015	23,150	19,865	92.8	92.1	93.7
English	2,655	1,580	1,080	5.7	6.3	5.1
French	420	280	140	0.9	1.1	0.7
Non-official language	125	65	60	0.3	0.3	0.3
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	125	65	60	0.3	0.3	0.3
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	105	50	50	0.2	0.2	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	40,470	22,120	18,350	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	5,015	2,630	2,380	12.4	11.9	13.0
Worked outside Canada	85	75	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
No fixed workplace address	4,435	3,445	990	11.0	15.6	5.4
Usual place of work	30,940	15,970	14,965	76.5	72.2	81.6
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	30,935	15,970	14,965	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	14,880	7,550	7,325	48.1	47.3	48.9
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	9,485	4,800	4,685	30.7	30.1	31.3
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	6,535	3,575	2,950	21.1	22.4	19.7
Commute to a different province or territory	45	45	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	35,375	19,415	15,955	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	32,195	17,695	14,505	91.0	91.1	90.9
Car, truck or van - as a driver	30,530	16,775	13,755	86.3	86.4	86.2
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	1,670	920	750	4.7	4.7	4.7
Public transit	135	65	70	0.4	0.3	0.4
Walked	2,215	1,125	1,090	6.3	5.8	6.8
Bicycle	290	235	50	0.8	1.2	0.3
Other method	535	295	235	1.5	1.5	1.5
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	35,375	19,415	15,955	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	18,655	9,815	8,840	52.7	50.6	55.4
15 to 29 minutes	9,980	5,155	4,830	28.2	26.6	30.3
30 to 44 minutes	3,940	2,415	1,525	11.1	12.4	9.6
45 to 59 minutes	1,190	785	405	3.4	4.0	2.5
60 minutes and over	1,610	1,245	360	4.6	6.4	2.3
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	35,375	19,415	15,955	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	2,850	2,310	535	8.1	11.9	3.4
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	7,740	5,225	2,515	21.9	26.9	15.8
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	11,655	5,740	5,920	32.9	29.6	37.1
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	5,840	2,170	3,670	16.5	11.2	23.0
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	2,055	650	1,400	5.8	3.3	8.8
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	5,225	3,310	1,915	14.8	17.0	12.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	16,090	8,305	7,790	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,595	810	785	9.9	9.8	10.1
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	14,500	7,495	7,005	90.1	90.2	89.9
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	11,845	6,125	5,720	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,290	660	630	10.9	10.8	11.0
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	855	420	435	7.2	6.9	7.6
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	435	235	200	3.7	3.8	3.5
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	10,555	5,470	5,090	89.1	89.3	89.0

Symbol legend

...
not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 18, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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