Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Lotbinière, Municipalité régionale de comté (MRC)More information: Quebec [Census division]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	34,586	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	31,741	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	9.0	...	...	9.0	...	...
Total private dwellings²	15,843	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	14,741	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	20.8	...	...	20.8	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	1,662.26	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	34,585	17,785	16,800	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	6,555	3,395	3,155	19.0	19.1	18.8
0 to 4 years	2,295	1,170	1,125	6.6	6.6	6.7
5 to 9 years	2,225	1,150	1,075	6.4	6.5	6.4
10 to 14 years	2,040	1,080	955	5.9	6.1	5.7
15 to 64 years	20,975	10,895	10,080	60.6	61.3	60.0
15 to 19 years	1,530	760	770	4.4	4.3	4.6
20 to 24 years	1,465	760	705	4.2	4.3	4.2
25 to 29 years	2,220	1,110	1,110	6.4	6.2	6.6
30 to 34 years	2,465	1,280	1,180	7.1	7.2	7.0
35 to 39 years	2,255	1,220	1,040	6.5	6.9	6.2
40 to 44 years	2,140	1,125	1,015	6.2	6.3	6.0
45 to 49 years	1,845	955	895	5.3	5.4	5.3
50 to 54 years	1,905	990	915	5.5	5.6	5.4
55 to 59 years	2,530	1,300	1,230	7.3	7.3	7.3
60 to 64 years	2,620	1,410	1,215	7.6	7.9	7.2
65 years and over	7,055	3,490	3,565	20.4	19.6	21.2
65 to 69 years	2,260	1,200	1,065	6.5	6.7	6.3
70 to 74 years	1,895	950	945	5.5	5.3	5.6
75 to 79 years	1,305	650	650	3.8	3.7	3.9
80 to 84 years	815	385	430	2.4	2.2	2.6
85 years and over	785	305	475	2.3	1.7	2.8
85 to 89 years	510	220	285	1.5	1.2	1.7
90 to 94 years	195	65	135	0.6	0.4	0.8
95 to 99 years	65	20	45	0.2	0.1	0.3
100 years and over	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	19.0	19.1	18.8	19.0	19.1	18.8
15 to 64 years	60.6	61.3	60.0	60.6	61.3	60.0
65 years and over	20.4	19.6	21.2	20.4	19.6	21.2
85 years and over	2.3	1.7	2.8	2.3	1.7	2.8
Average age of the population	41.9	41.6	42.2	41.9	41.6	42.2
Median age of the population	41.6	41.6	42.0	41.6	41.6	42.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	14,740	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	10,755	...	...	73.0	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,290	...	...	8.8	...	...
Row house	140	...	...	0.9	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	395	...	...	2.7	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,895	...	...	12.9	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	40	...	...	0.3	...	...
Other single-attached house	45	...	...	0.3	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	175	...	...	1.2	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	14,740	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	4,540	...	...	30.8	...	...
2 persons	5,540	...	...	37.6	...	...
3 persons	1,855	...	...	12.6	...	...
4 persons	1,785	...	...	12.1	...	...
5 or more persons	1,020	...	...	6.9	...	...
Number of persons in private households	33,835	17,465	16,370	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.3	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	28,030	14,385	13,645	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	17,910	9,015	8,895	63.9	62.7	65.2
Married	8,485	4,290	4,195	30.3	29.8	30.7
Living common-law	9,425	4,720	4,705	33.6	32.8	34.5
Living common law - Never married	8,065	4,035	4,025	28.8	28.1	29.5
Living common law - Separated	75	40	35	0.3	0.3	0.3
Living common law - Divorced	1,130	580	555	4.0	4.0	4.1
Living common law - Widowed	145	65	80	0.5	0.5	0.6
Not married and not living common-law	10,120	5,375	4,745	36.1	37.4	34.8
Not married and not living common law - Never married	6,955	4,125	2,835	24.8	28.7	20.8
Not married and not living common law - Separated	300	160	145	1.1	1.1	1.1
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	1,430	715	720	5.1	5.0	5.3
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	1,430	380	1,045	5.1	2.6	7.7
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	9,930	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	5,485	...	...	55.2	...	...
3 persons	1,770	...	...	17.8	...	...
4 persons	1,735	...	...	17.5	...	...
5 or more persons	940	...	...	9.5	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.9	...	...	1.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	9,930	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	8,790	...	...	88.5	...	...
Married couples	4,080	...	...	41.1	...	...
With children⁶	1,300	...	...	13.1	...	...
Without children	2,780	...	...	28.0	...	...
Common-law couples	4,710	...	...	47.4	...	...
With children⁶	2,640	...	...	26.6	...	...
Without children	2,075	...	...	20.9	...	...
Total one-parent families	1,140	...	...	11.5	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	750	...	...	7.6	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	385	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	33,830	17,460	16,370	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	28,215	14,240	13,970	83.4	81.6	85.3
Married spouses or common-law partners	17,585	8,800	8,780	52.0	50.4	53.6
Parents in one-parent families	1,140	390	750	3.4	2.2	4.6
Children⁶	9,495	5,050	4,440	28.1	28.9	27.1
In a two-parent family	7,670	4,085	3,585	22.7	23.4	21.9
In a one-parent family	1,820	965	855	5.4	5.5	5.2
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	5,620	3,220	2,395	16.6	18.4	14.6
Living alone	4,540	2,585	1,955	13.4	14.8	11.9
Living with other relatives⁷	425	205	220	1.3	1.2	1.3
Living with non-relatives only	655	430	230	1.9	2.5	1.4
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	14,740	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	9,550	...	...	64.8	...	...
Couple-family households	8,535	...	...	57.9	...	...
With children⁶	3,830	...	...	26.0	...	...
Without children	4,700	...	...	31.9	...	...
One-parent-family households	1,020	...	...	6.9	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	95	...	...	0.6	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	30	...	...	0.2	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	185	...	...	1.3	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	340	...	...	2.3	...	...
One-person households	4,535	...	...	30.8	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	27,285	14,065	13,220	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	26,945	13,905	13,045	98.8	98.9	98.7
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,000	46,400	36,800	42,000	46,400	36,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	26,950	13,910	13,045	98.8	98.9	98.7
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,800	40,400	33,200	36,800	40,400	33,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	25,095	13,195	11,905	92.0	93.8	90.1
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	33,600	40,000	26,600	33,600	40,000	26,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	20,620	11,200	9,425	75.6	79.6	71.3
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,400	41,600	30,400	36,400	41,600	30,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	23,010	11,590	11,425	84.3	82.4	86.4
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,600	8,700	12,400	10,600	8,700	12,400
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,710	2,760	1,950	17.3	19.6	14.8
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,320	4,960	5,680	5,320	4,960	5,680
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	7,875	4,445	3,430	28.9	31.6	25.9
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,480	4,520	6,000	5,480	4,520	6,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	27,270	14,065	13,205	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	26,965	13,915	13,050	98.9	98.9	98.8
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,040	51,000	40,720	46,040	51,000	40,720
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	26,965	13,915	13,050	98.9	98.9	98.8
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,960	42,200	35,480	38,960	42,200	35,480
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	25,080	13,200	11,880	92.0	93.8	90.0
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,360	44,280	31,800	38,360	44,280	31,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	20,620	11,210	9,410	75.6	79.7	71.3
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,000	44,400	34,800	40,000	44,400	34,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	22,995	11,580	11,415	84.3	82.3	86.4
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,120	10,830	13,420	12,120	10,830	13,420
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,605	2,715	1,890	16.9	19.3	14.3
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,840	5,920	8,150	6,840	5,920	8,150
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	7,760	4,405	3,355	28.5	31.3	25.4
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,500	6,095	7,030	6,500	6,095	7,030
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	27,270	14,065	13,200	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	10,455	5,910	4,540	38.3	42.0	34.4
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	48,800	52,000	45,200	48,800	52,000	45,200
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	53,550	57,150	48,840	53,550	57,150	48,840
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	8,235	4,240	3,995	30.2	30.1	30.3
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	22,200	28,200	18,000	22,200	28,200	18,000
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	28,760	33,640	23,560	28,760	33,640	23,560
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	77.6	82.4	71.2	77.6	82.4	71.2
Employment income (%)¹⁹	66.4	70.0	61.6	66.4	70.0	61.6
Government transfers (%)²⁰	22.4	17.7	28.9	22.4	17.7	28.9
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.5	2.3	2.9	2.5	2.3	2.9
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	4.9	4.4	5.6	4.9	4.4	5.6
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.1	3.8	4.4	4.1	3.8	4.4
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	27,280	14,060	13,215	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	335	160	175	1.2	1.1	1.3
With total income	26,945	13,905	13,040	98.8	98.9	98.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,390	580	805	5.2	4.2	6.2
$10,000 to $19,999	3,150	1,165	1,980	11.7	8.4	15.2
$20,000 to $29,999	4,415	2,050	2,370	16.4	14.7	18.2
$30,000 to $39,999	3,755	1,710	2,045	13.9	12.3	15.7
$40,000 to $49,999	4,215	2,225	1,985	15.6	16.0	15.2
$50,000 to $59,999	3,395	1,920	1,475	12.6	13.8	11.3
$60,000 to $69,999	2,325	1,375	945	8.6	9.9	7.2
$70,000 to $79,999	1,590	1,050	540	5.9	7.6	4.1
$80,000 to $89,999	1,020	675	350	3.8	4.9	2.7
$90,000 to $99,999	590	375	215	2.2	2.7	1.6
$100,000 and over	1,100	765	340	4.1	5.5	2.6
$100,000 to $149,999	855	575	285	3.2	4.1	2.2
$150,000 and over	245	190	55	0.9	1.4	0.4
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	27,280	14,060	13,215	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	330	160	175	1.2	1.1	1.3
With after-tax income	26,955	13,905	13,045	98.8	98.9	98.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,485	620	860	5.5	4.5	6.6
$10,000 to $19,999	3,310	1,250	2,060	12.3	9.0	15.8
$20,000 to $29,999	5,280	2,450	2,830	19.6	17.6	21.7
$30,000 to $39,999	5,110	2,550	2,565	19.0	18.3	19.7
$40,000 to $49,999	4,920	2,845	2,075	18.3	20.5	15.9
$50,000 to $59,999	3,165	1,880	1,290	11.7	13.5	9.9
$60,000 to $69,999	1,845	1,135	705	6.8	8.2	5.4
$70,000 to $79,999	845	510	340	3.1	3.7	2.6
$80,000 to $89,999	460	285	180	1.7	2.0	1.4
$90,000 to $99,999	180	115	65	0.7	0.8	0.5
$100,000 and over	350	265	80	1.3	1.9	0.6
$100,000 to $124,999	205	155	45	0.8	1.1	0.3
$125,000 and over	140	110	35	0.5	0.8	0.3
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	27,280	14,060	13,215	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	6,665	2,870	3,790	24.4	20.4	28.7
With employment income	20,620	11,195	9,425	75.6	79.6	71.3
Under $5,000 (including loss)	2,160	1,120	1,035	10.5	10.0	11.0
$5,000 to $9,999	1,375	585	795	6.7	5.2	8.4
$10,000 to $19,999	2,615	1,100	1,510	12.7	9.8	16.0
$20,000 to $29,999	2,435	1,130	1,305	11.8	10.1	13.8
$30,000 to $39,999	2,690	1,370	1,325	13.0	12.2	14.1
$40,000 to $49,999	2,865	1,615	1,250	13.9	14.4	13.3
$50,000 to $59,999	2,075	1,270	810	10.1	11.3	8.6
$60,000 to $69,999	1,585	1,065	525	7.7	9.5	5.6
$70,000 to $79,999	1,075	755	325	5.2	6.7	3.4
$80,000 to $89,999	645	410	235	3.1	3.7	2.5
$90,000 to $99,999	355	255	100	1.7	2.3	1.1
$100,000 and over	740	525	215	3.6	4.7	2.3
$100,000 to $124,999	440	285	155	2.1	2.5	1.6
$125,000 and over	300	240	60	1.5	2.1	0.6
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	27,285	14,065	13,220	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	26,745	13,790	12,950	98.0	98.0	98.0
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,600	44,800	34,000	39,600	44,800	34,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	26,750	13,790	12,960	98.0	98.0	98.0
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,800	38,400	30,600	34,800	38,400	30,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	24,740	13,025	11,720	90.7	92.6	88.7
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,400	41,600	27,600	34,400	41,600	27,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	20,880	11,265	9,610	76.5	80.1	72.7
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,400	42,400	30,200	36,400	42,400	30,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	20,695	10,180	10,515	75.8	72.4	79.5
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,500	6,400	10,200	8,500	6,400	10,200
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	4,680	2,835	1,850	17.2	20.2	14.0
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,520	4,200	5,120	4,520	4,200	5,120
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	27,270	14,065	13,205	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	26,720	13,775	12,950	98.0	97.9	98.1
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	43,640	49,120	37,760	43,640	49,120	37,760
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	26,720	13,775	12,950	98.0	97.9	98.1
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,880	40,520	33,000	36,880	40,520	33,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	24,635	12,975	11,660	90.3	92.3	88.3
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,960	45,360	31,880	38,960	45,360	31,880
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	20,805	11,210	9,595	76.3	79.7	72.7
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,480	44,360	33,720	39,480	44,360	33,720
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	20,735	10,235	10,500	76.0	72.8	79.5
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,910	8,630	11,160	9,910	8,630	11,160
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	4,640	2,855	1,780	17.0	20.3	13.5
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,560	5,200	8,750	6,560	5,200	8,750
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	27,270	14,065	13,200	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	10,430	5,885	4,545	38.2	41.8	34.4
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	46,400	50,000	42,000	46,400	50,000	42,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	49,840	53,950	44,560	49,840	53,950	44,560
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	7,940	4,105	3,835	29.1	29.2	29.1
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	27,000	32,400	22,200	27,000	32,400	22,200
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	32,520	38,160	26,520	32,520	38,160	26,520
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	82.4	87.0	76.0	82.4	87.0	76.0
Employment income (%)	70.4	73.6	66.2	70.4	73.6	66.2
Government transfers (%)	17.6	13.0	24.0	17.6	13.0	24.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.6	2.2	3.2	2.6	2.2	3.2
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	14,740	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	74,000	...	...	74,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	64,500	...	...	64,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	4,535	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	40,000	...	...	40,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	35,200	...	...	35,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	10,205	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	94,000	...	...	94,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	81,000	...	...	81,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	14,740	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	84,200	...	...	84,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	71,300	...	...	71,300	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	4,575	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	45,120	...	...	45,120	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	38,320	...	...	38,320	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	10,165	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	101,800	...	...	101,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	86,100	...	...	86,100	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	14,745	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	80	...	...	0.5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	30	...	...	0.2	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	155	...	...	1.1	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	200	...	...	1.4	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	825	...	...	5.6	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	505	...	...	3.4	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	485	...	...	3.3	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	740	...	...	5.0	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	745	...	...	5.1	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	730	...	...	5.0	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,320	...	...	9.0	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,140	...	...	7.7	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,070	...	...	7.3	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,040	...	...	7.1	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,020	...	...	6.9	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,665	...	...	31.6	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,970	...	...	13.4	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,200	...	...	8.1	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,055	...	...	7.2	...	...
$200,000 and over	440	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	14,745	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	95	...	...	0.6	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	35	...	...	0.2	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	160	...	...	1.1	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	210	...	...	1.4	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	880	...	...	6.0	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	605	...	...	4.1	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	645	...	...	4.4	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	950	...	...	6.4	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	925	...	...	6.3	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	815	...	...	5.5	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,475	...	...	10.0	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,325	...	...	9.0	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,285	...	...	8.7	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,225	...	...	8.3	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,005	...	...	6.8	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,100	...	...	21.0	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,740	...	...	11.8	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	780	...	...	5.3	...	...
$150,000 and over	575	...	...	3.9	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	9,970	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	94,000	...	...	94,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	81,000	...	...	81,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	4,725	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	78,500	...	...	78,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	68,500	...	...	68,500	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	3,950	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	121,000	...	...	121,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	103,000	...	...	103,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,110	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	66,500	...	...	66,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	60,000	...	...	60,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	5,195	3,015	2,180	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	39,200	43,600	32,800	39,200	43,600	32,800
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	34,400	37,600	30,000	34,400	37,600	30,000
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	9,960	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	101,600	...	...	101,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	85,900	...	...	85,900	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	4,710	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	86,200	...	...	86,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	73,300	...	...	73,300	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	3,955	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	128,000	...	...	128,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	107,100	...	...	107,100	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,100	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	71,600	...	...	71,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	62,800	...	...	62,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	5,230	3,015	2,215	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	43,840	46,600	40,120	43,840	46,600	40,120
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	37,320	38,960	35,080	37,320	38,960	35,080
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	33,830	17,460	16,370	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	7,515	3,870	3,645	22.2	22.2	22.3
0 to 5 years	2,755	1,405	1,350	8.1	8.0	8.2
18 to 64 years	19,875	10,350	9,525	58.7	59.3	58.2
65 years and over	6,435	3,245	3,195	19.0	18.6	19.5
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	3,230	1,570	1,660	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	450	245	205	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	175	100	80	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	1,260	670	595	...	...	...
65 years and over	1,520	655	865	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	9.6	9.0	10.1	9.6	9.0	10.1
0 to 17 years (%)	6.0	6.4	5.5	6.0	6.4	5.5
0 to 5 years (%)	6.3	6.8	5.8	6.3	6.8	5.8
18 to 64 years (%)	6.4	6.4	6.2	6.4	6.4	6.2
65 years and over (%)	23.6	20.3	27.0	23.6	20.3	27.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	33,830	17,460	16,370	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	7,520	3,875	3,650	22.2	22.2	22.3
0 to 5 years	2,750	1,405	1,345	8.1	8.0	8.2
18 to 64 years	19,875	10,345	9,530	58.7	59.2	58.2
65 years and over	6,435	3,240	3,190	19.0	18.6	19.5
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	570	350	220	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	70	35	30	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	25	10	10	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	435	280	155	...	...	...
65 years and over	65	25	35	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	1.7	2.0	1.3	1.7	2.0	1.3
0 to 17 years (%)	0.9	1.0	0.9	0.9	1.0	0.9
0 to 5 years (%)	0.9	1.0	0.8	0.9	1.0	0.8
18 to 64 years (%)	2.2	2.7	1.6	2.2	2.7	1.6
65 years and over (%)	1.0	0.9	1.0	1.0	0.9	1.0
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	33,830	17,465	16,370	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	20,175	10,300	9,880	59.6	59.0	60.4
In bottom decile	2,400	1,205	1,200	7.1	6.9	7.3
In second decile	4,060	2,015	2,050	12.0	11.5	12.5
In third decile	4,260	2,160	2,105	12.6	12.4	12.9
In fourth decile	4,755	2,480	2,280	14.1	14.2	13.9
In fifth decile	4,700	2,445	2,250	13.9	14.0	13.7
In top half of the distribution	13,650	7,165	6,490	40.3	41.0	39.6
In sixth decile	4,605	2,380	2,230	13.6	13.6	13.6
In seventh decile	3,745	1,960	1,785	11.1	11.2	10.9
In eighth decile	2,725	1,440	1,285	8.1	8.2	7.8
In ninth decile	1,765	960	810	5.2	5.5	4.9
In top decile	810	425	390	2.4	2.4	2.4
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	33,830	...	...	33,830	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.254	...	...	0.254	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.376	...	...	0.376	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.220	...	...	0.220	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	34,215	17,620	16,595	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	40	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
French only	25,610	12,905	12,705	74.9	73.2	76.6
English and French	8,475	4,605	3,870	24.8	26.1	23.3
Neither English nor French	95	85	5	0.3	0.5	0.0
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	34,215	17,620	16,595	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	290	165	125	0.8	0.9	0.8
French	33,730	17,315	16,415	98.6	98.3	98.9
English and French	105	50	50	0.3	0.3	0.3
Neither English nor French	95	85	5	0.3	0.5	0.0
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	34,215	17,620	16,595	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	33,940	17,475	16,460	99.2	99.2	99.2
Official languages	33,540	17,215	16,320	98.0	97.7	98.3
English	275	155	120	0.8	0.9	0.7
French	33,265	17,060	16,205	97.2	96.8	97.6
Non-official languages	395	255	145	1.2	1.4	0.9
Indigenous languages³⁹	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	395	255	140	1.2	1.4	0.8
Afro-Asiatic languages	90	65	30	0.3	0.4	0.2
Berber languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	90	60	25	0.3	0.3	0.2
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	90	60	25	0.3	0.3	0.2
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	20	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	10	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Merina	10	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	245	165	80	0.7	0.9	0.5
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
German	15	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	190	140	50	0.6	0.8	0.3
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	175	130	40	0.5	0.7	0.2
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	280	145	135	0.8	0.8	0.8
English and French	215	110	105	0.6	0.6	0.6
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	60	35	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	34,215	17,620	16,595	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	100	55	40	0.3	0.3	0.2
French	32,910	16,905	16,010	96.2	95.9	96.5
Non-official language	180	135	40	0.5	0.8	0.2
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	180	135	40	0.5	0.8	0.2
English and French	705	345	360	2.1	2.0	2.2
English and non-official language(s)	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	220	120	105	0.6	0.7	0.6
English, French and non-official language(s)	80	45	35	0.2	0.3	0.2
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	34,215	17,620	16,595	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	33,970	17,495	16,475	99.3	99.3	99.3
Official languages	33,725	17,310	16,415	98.6	98.2	98.9
English	185	100	80	0.5	0.6	0.5
French	33,540	17,215	16,325	98.0	97.7	98.4
Non-official languages	250	185	60	0.7	1.0	0.4
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	250	185	60	0.7	1.0	0.4
Afro-Asiatic languages	70	45	25	0.2	0.3	0.2
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	65	45	20	0.2	0.3	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	65	45	20	0.2	0.3	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	145	115	30	0.4	0.7	0.2
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	140	115	25	0.4	0.7	0.2
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	140	115	25	0.4	0.7	0.2
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	245	125	120	0.7	0.7	0.7
English and French	165	80	85	0.5	0.5	0.5
English and non-official language(s)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	65	30	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	34,215	17,620	16,595	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	33,410	17,215	16,200	97.6	97.7	97.6
English	490	245	245	1.4	1.4	1.5
French	120	70	55	0.4	0.4	0.3
Non-official language	120	60	65	0.4	0.3	0.4
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	120	60	65	0.4	0.3	0.4
English and French	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	45	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	33,830	17,460	16,370	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	33,735	17,365	16,370	99.7	99.5	100.0
English	8,505	4,715	3,790	25.1	27.0	23.2
French	33,680	17,335	16,345	99.6	99.3	99.8
Non-official languages	1,275	700	575	3.8	4.0	3.5
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,275	700	575	3.8	4.0	3.5
Afro-Asiatic languages	160	145	20	0.5	0.8	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	160	145	20	0.5	0.8	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	160	145	20	0.5	0.8	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	55	35	20	0.2	0.2	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Merina	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	25	25	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Haitian Creole	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	930	470	450	2.7	2.7	2.7
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	90	45	40	0.3	0.3	0.2
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	80	40	45	0.2	0.2	0.3
German	65	35	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	815	420	395	2.4	2.4	2.4
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	30	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.2
Portuguese	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	770	410	360	2.3	2.3	2.2
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	25	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	65	35	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	50	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
Sign languages, n.i.e.	20	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Lao	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Thai	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	33,830	17,465	16,370	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	520	265	255	1.5	1.5	1.6
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	490	255	240	1.4	1.5	1.5
First Nations (North American Indian)	235	120	110	0.7	0.7	0.7
Métis	250	125	125	0.7	0.7	0.8
Inuk (Inuit)	15	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-Indigenous identity	33,315	17,200	16,115	98.5	98.5	98.4
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	33,830	17,465	16,370	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	115	70	35	0.3	0.4	0.2
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	33,720	17,385	16,335	99.7	99.5	99.8
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	14,740	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	11,535	...	...	78.3	...	...
Renter	3,205	...	...	21.7	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	14,740	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	720	...	...	4.9	...	...
Not condominium	14,020	...	...	95.1	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	14,740	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	15	...	...	0.1	...	...
1 bedroom	1,145	...	...	7.8	...	...
2 bedrooms	4,215	...	...	28.6	...	...
3 bedrooms	5,515	...	...	37.4	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	3,855	...	...	26.2	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	14,740	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	3,095	...	...	21.0	...	...
5 rooms	2,490	...	...	16.9	...	...
6 rooms	2,345	...	...	15.9	...	...
7 rooms	2,155	...	...	14.6	...	...
8 or more rooms	4,660	...	...	31.6	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.5	...	...	6.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	14,740	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	14,675	...	...	99.6	...	...
More than one person per room	65	...	...	0.4	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	14,740	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	14,525	...	...	98.5	...	...
Not suitable	215	...	...	1.5	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	14,740	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	3,910	...	...	26.5	...	...
1961 to 1980	3,395	...	...	23.0	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,670	...	...	11.3	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,140	...	...	7.7	...	...
2001 to 2005	665	...	...	4.5	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,140	...	...	7.7	...	...
2011 to 2015	1,460	...	...	9.9	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	1,370	...	...	9.3	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	14,740	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	13,950	...	...	94.6	...	...
Major repairs needed	795	...	...	5.4	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	14,740	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	7,865	...	...	53.4	...	...
Two-maintainer household	6,670	...	...	45.3	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	200	...	...	1.4	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	14,740	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	335	...	...	2.3	...	...
25 to 34 years	2,485	...	...	16.9	...	...
35 to 44 years	2,455	...	...	16.7	...	...
45 to 54 years	2,125	...	...	14.4	...	...
55 to 64 years	3,155	...	...	21.4	...	...
65 to 74 years	2,520	...	...	17.1	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,300	...	...	8.8	...	...
85 years and over	360	...	...	2.4	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	14,315	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	12,970	...	...	90.6	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	1,340	...	...	9.4	...	...
30% to less than 100%	1,235	...	...	8.6	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	14,740	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	2,230	...	...	15.1	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	1,240	...	...	8.4	...	...
Not suitable only	180	...	...	1.2	...	...
Major repairs needed only	690	...	...	4.7	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	20	...	...	0.1	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	85	...	...	0.6	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	15	...	...	0.1	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	12,515	...	...	84.9	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	14,210	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	405	...	...	2.9	...	...
Not in core need	13,805	...	...	97.1	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	11,230	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	62.2	...	...	62.2	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	7.6	...	...	7.6	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	1.9	...	...	1.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	920	...	...	920	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	956	...	...	956	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	220,000	...	...	220,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	235,600	...	...	235,600	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	3,100	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	8.4	...	...	8.4	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	16.0	...	...	16.0	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	6.0	...	...	6.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	670	...	...	670	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	671	...	...	671	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	33,835	17,460	16,370	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	460	265	200	1.4	1.5	1.2
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	460	265	200	1.4	1.5	1.2
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	330	180	145	1.0	1.0	0.9
Métis single ancestry	95	55	40	0.3	0.3	0.2
Inuit single ancestry	35	30	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	600	275	325	1.8	1.6	2.0
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	600	275	325	1.8	1.6	2.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	540	240	300	1.6	1.4	1.8
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	60	35	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	32,770	16,920	15,845	96.9	96.9	96.8
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	33,830	17,460	16,370	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	33,345	17,095	16,255	98.6	97.9	99.3
Canadian citizens aged under 18	7,530	3,820	3,705	22.3	21.9	22.6
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	25,820	13,275	12,545	76.3	76.0	76.6
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	480	360	120	1.4	2.1	0.7
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	33,830	17,460	16,370	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	32,980	16,935	16,045	97.5	97.0	98.0
Immigrants⁸¹	530	245	280	1.6	1.4	1.7
Before 1980	110	55	50	0.3	0.3	0.3
1980 to 1990	80	25	50	0.2	0.1	0.3
1991 to 2000	50	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
2001 to 2010	135	50	85	0.4	0.3	0.5
2011 to 2021⁸²	155	90	65	0.5	0.5	0.4
2011 to 2015	100	45	50	0.3	0.3	0.3
2016 to 2021	55	40	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Non-permanent residents⁸³	320	280	40	0.9	1.6	0.2
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	535	250	280	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	60	20	35	11.2	8.0	12.5
5 to 14 years	75	15	55	14.0	6.0	19.6
15 to 24 years	130	65	70	24.3	26.0	25.0
25 to 44 years	250	130	115	46.7	52.0	41.1
45 years and over	20	10	0	3.7	4.0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	535	250	280	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	110	20	85	20.6	8.0	30.4
Brazil	15	0	15	2.8	0.0	5.4
Colombia	10	0	10	1.9	0.0	3.6
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	10	0	0	1.9	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	25	0	25	4.7	0.0	8.9
Peru	10	0	0	1.9	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	30	0	25	5.6	0.0	8.9
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	260	140	125	48.6	56.0	44.6
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	155	70	80	29.0	28.0	28.6
Germany	35	15	20	6.5	6.0	7.1
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portugal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	55	35	20	10.3	14.0	7.1
Africa	105	75	35	19.6	30.0	12.5
Algeria	30	30	0	5.6	12.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	25	15	10	4.7	6.0	3.6
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	40	20	25	7.5	8.0	8.9
Asia	60	20	35	11.2	8.0	12.5
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	10	0	10	1.9	0.0	3.6
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	35	15	25	6.5	6.0	8.9
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	55	40	15	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	30	25	0	54.5	62.5	0.0
France	30	20	0	54.5	50.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	20	15	0	36.4	37.5	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	15	0	18.2	37.5	0.0
Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	33,830	17,460	16,370	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	950	575	370	2.8	3.3	2.3
Second generation¹⁰¹	725	405	320	2.1	2.3	2.0
Third generation or more¹⁰²	32,155	16,480	15,675	95.0	94.4	95.8
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	420	190	230	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	180	95	90	42.9	50.0	39.1
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	100	55	45	23.8	28.9	19.6
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	85	40	45	20.2	21.1	19.6
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	200	80	125	47.6	42.1	54.3
Refugees¹⁰⁸	35	15	20	8.3	7.9	8.7
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	420	190	230	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	15	15	0	3.6	7.9	0.0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	80	50	30	19.0	26.3	13.0
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	25	0	15	6.0	0.0	6.5
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	30	15	15	7.1	7.9	6.5
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	270	105	165	64.3	55.3	71.7
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	33,830	17,465	16,370	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	640	455	190	1.9	2.6	1.2
South Asian	30	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Black	145	95	45	0.4	0.5	0.3
Filipino	30	25	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Arab	160	145	20	0.5	0.8	0.1
Latin American	195	140	50	0.6	0.8	0.3
Southeast Asian	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	33,190	17,005	16,180	98.1	97.4	98.8
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	33,830	17,460	16,370	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	15,770	8,050	7,720	46.6	46.1	47.2
English	200	80	120	0.6	0.5	0.7
Irish	1,195	580	615	3.5	3.3	3.8
Scottish	355	150	210	1.0	0.9	1.3
French, n.o.s.¹²²	7,020	3,520	3,495	20.8	20.2	21.4
German	300	150	150	0.9	0.9	0.9
Chinese	30	10	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
Italian	220	95	115	0.7	0.5	0.7
Indian (India)	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Polish	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Québécois	5,615	2,935	2,680	16.6	16.8	16.4
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	25	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Filipino	35	30	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
French Canadian	3,205	1,650	1,555	9.5	9.5	9.5
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	640	360	275	1.9	2.1	1.7
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	425	190	230	1.3	1.1	1.4
Métis	160	95	65	0.5	0.5	0.4
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	280	155	125	0.8	0.9	0.8
Russian	15	10	15	0.0	0.1	0.1
Norwegian	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	55	25	30	0.2	0.1	0.2
American	135	55	80	0.4	0.3	0.5
Spanish	40	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	60	35	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Acadian	245	155	95	0.7	0.9	0.6
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	20	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Jewish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	25	20	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	20	20	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	460	230	235	1.4	1.3	1.4
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	130	70	65	0.4	0.4	0.4
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belgian	75	40	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Haitian	15	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	75	25	50	0.2	0.1	0.3
Mennonite	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	95	50	45	0.3	0.3	0.3
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	80	30	55	0.2	0.2	0.3
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	25	25	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombian	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Moroccan	50	30	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
Czech	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Syrian	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	35	25	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	85	45	40	0.3	0.3	0.2
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	35	25	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Congolese	35	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	110	100	15	0.3	0.6	0.1
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	35	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Guatemalan	80	80	0	0.2	0.5	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Huron (Wendat)	45	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Norman	60	30	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	33,830	17,465	16,370	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	45	10	35	0.1	0.1	0.2
Christian	25,160	12,855	12,305	74.4	73.6	75.2
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	2,195	1,145	1,055	6.5	6.6	6.4
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baptist	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Catholic	22,660	11,555	11,110	67.0	66.2	67.9
Christian Orthodox	15	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jehovah's Witness	125	50	75	0.4	0.3	0.5
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lutheran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Reformed	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
United Church	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	105	70	40	0.3	0.4	0.2
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Muslim	265	180	85	0.8	1.0	0.5
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	85	45	40	0.3	0.3	0.2
No religion and secular perspectives	8,265	4,370	3,895	24.4	25.0	23.8
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	33,355	17,205	16,155	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	29,900	15,470	14,430	89.6	89.9	89.3
Movers	3,460	1,740	1,720	10.4	10.1	10.6
Non-migrants	1,250	590	660	3.7	3.4	4.1
Migrants	2,210	1,150	1,060	6.6	6.7	6.6
Internal migrants	2,065	1,010	1,050	6.2	5.9	6.5
Intraprovincial migrants	2,040	995	1,040	6.1	5.8	6.4
Interprovincial migrants	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
External migrants	150	135	15	0.4	0.8	0.1
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	31,475	16,275	15,200	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	20,610	10,825	9,785	65.5	66.5	64.4
Movers	10,870	5,455	5,415	34.5	33.5	35.6
Non-migrants	2,535	1,250	1,290	8.1	7.7	8.5
Migrants	8,330	4,205	4,130	26.5	25.8	27.2
Internal migrants	8,045	3,950	4,095	25.6	24.3	26.9
Intraprovincial migrants	7,940	3,900	4,040	25.2	24.0	26.6
Interprovincial migrants	105	45	60	0.3	0.3	0.4
External migrants	285	255	30	0.9	1.6	0.2
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	27,270	14,065	13,200	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	7,145	4,320	2,820	26.2	30.7	21.4
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	20,125	9,745	10,380	73.8	69.3	78.6
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	17,850	9,250	8,600	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	3,380	2,220	1,160	18.9	24.0	13.5
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	14,470	7,030	7,445	81.1	76.0	86.6
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	27,270	14,065	13,205	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	6,095	3,490	2,605	22.4	24.8	19.7
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	5,810	2,720	3,085	21.3	19.3	23.4
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	15,365	7,855	7,510	56.3	55.8	56.9
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	12,465	6,705	5,765	45.7	47.7	43.7
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	7,105	4,640	2,465	26.1	33.0	18.7
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	5,120	3,005	2,120	18.8	21.4	16.1
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	1,985	1,630	355	7.3	11.6	2.7
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	4,795	1,880	2,920	17.6	13.4	22.1
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	565	195	375	2.1	1.4	2.8
Bachelor's degree or higher	2,900	1,150	1,750	10.6	8.2	13.3
Bachelor's degree	2,095	775	1,320	7.7	5.5	10.0
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	250	95	150	0.9	0.7	1.1
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	60	20	40	0.2	0.1	0.3
Master's degree	380	190	190	1.4	1.4	1.4
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	115	75	45	0.4	0.5	0.3
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	17,855	9,250	8,605	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,700	1,700	1,005	15.1	18.4	11.7
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	3,150	1,580	1,575	17.6	17.1	18.3
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,000	5,975	6,025	67.2	64.6	70.0
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	9,740	5,170	4,570	54.6	55.9	53.1
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	5,615	3,565	2,045	31.4	38.5	23.8
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	4,075	2,310	1,760	22.8	25.0	20.5
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	1,535	1,255	285	8.6	13.6	3.3
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	3,710	1,460	2,250	20.8	15.8	26.1
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	420	150	270	2.4	1.6	3.1
Bachelor's degree or higher	2,260	800	1,455	12.7	8.6	16.9
Bachelor's degree	1,675	575	1,105	9.4	6.2	12.8
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	170	50	115	1.0	0.5	1.3
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	40	0	30	0.2	0.0	0.3
Master's degree	305	140	165	1.7	1.5	1.9
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	65	30	35	0.4	0.3	0.4
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	27,265	14,065	13,205	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	11,900	6,205	5,690	43.6	44.1	43.1
Education	1,105	205	900	4.1	1.5	6.8
13. Education	1,105	205	900	4.1	1.5	6.8
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	350	145	205	1.3	1.0	1.6
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	40	25	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
50. Visual and performing arts	310	125	185	1.1	0.9	1.4
Humanities	385	140	250	1.4	1.0	1.9
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	35	0	30	0.1	0.0	0.2
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	265	110	155	1.0	0.8	1.2
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
54. History	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	35	0	30	0.1	0.0	0.2
Social and behavioural sciences and law	970	245	720	3.6	1.7	5.5
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	95	35	60	0.3	0.2	0.5
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	355	15	345	1.3	0.1	2.6
22. Legal professions and studies	210	80	135	0.8	0.6	1.0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
42. Psychology	95	20	75	0.3	0.1	0.6
45. Social sciences	185	100	90	0.7	0.7	0.7
Business, management and public administration	3,200	780	2,420	11.7	5.5	18.3
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	145	20	125	0.5	0.1	0.9
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,050	760	2,290	11.2	5.4	17.3
Physical and life sciences and technologies	355	215	145	1.3	1.5	1.1
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	135	75	60	0.5	0.5	0.5
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	35	30	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	90	45	40	0.3	0.3	0.3
40. Physical sciences	70	50	15	0.3	0.4	0.1
41. Science technologies/technicians	30	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	365	230	135	1.3	1.6	1.0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	315	200	115	1.2	1.4	0.9
25. Library science	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	15	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	4,400	4,090	310	16.1	29.1	2.3
04. Architecture and related services	80	45	35	0.3	0.3	0.3
14. Engineering	255	235	20	0.9	1.7	0.2
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	620	535	85	2.3	3.8	0.6
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	1,260	1,180	75	4.6	8.4	0.6
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,315	1,260	55	4.8	9.0	0.4
48. Precision production	875	830	45	3.2	5.9	0.3
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	955	680	275	3.5	4.8	2.1
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	820	570	250	3.0	4.1	1.9
03. Natural resources and conservation	135	115	20	0.5	0.8	0.2
Health and related fields	1,595	225	1,370	5.8	1.6	10.4
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	70	45	20	0.3	0.3	0.2
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,510	175	1,335	5.5	1.2	10.1
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,680	900	775	6.2	6.4	5.9
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	790	115	675	2.9	0.8	5.1
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	230	160	75	0.8	1.1	0.6
49. Transportation and materials moving	655	625	30	2.4	4.4	0.2
Other¹⁷⁹	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	17,850	9,250	8,605	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	5,855	3,270	2,580	32.8	35.4	30.0
Education	760	135	635	4.3	1.5	7.4
13. Education	760	135	635	4.3	1.5	7.4
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	305	120	180	1.7	1.3	2.1
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
50. Visual and performing arts	270	105	165	1.5	1.1	1.9
Humanities	220	65	150	1.2	0.7	1.7
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	25	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.3
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	145	55	90	0.8	0.6	1.0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
54. History	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	30	0	25	0.2	0.0	0.3
Social and behavioural sciences and law	730	160	570	4.1	1.7	6.6
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	80	30	50	0.4	0.3	0.6
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	275	10	270	1.5	0.1	3.1
22. Legal professions and studies	155	40	115	0.9	0.4	1.3
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	75	15	65	0.4	0.2	0.8
45. Social sciences	130	65	65	0.7	0.7	0.8
Business, management and public administration	2,620	590	2,025	14.7	6.4	23.5
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	125	15	105	0.7	0.2	1.2
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,495	575	1,920	14.0	6.2	22.3
Physical and life sciences and technologies	225	140	85	1.3	1.5	1.0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	95	50	45	0.5	0.5	0.5
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
40. Physical sciences	50	45	0	0.3	0.5	0.0
41. Science technologies/technicians	30	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	305	190	110	1.7	2.1	1.3
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	275	175	95	1.5	1.9	1.1
25. Library science	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	3,445	3,175	265	19.3	34.3	3.1
04. Architecture and related services	75	50	30	0.4	0.5	0.3
14. Engineering	215	195	20	1.2	2.1	0.2
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	475	400	75	2.7	4.3	0.9
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	965	905	60	5.4	9.8	0.7
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,020	970	50	5.7	10.5	0.6
48. Precision production	700	665	30	3.9	7.2	0.3
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	750	520	230	4.2	5.6	2.7
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	635	425	215	3.6	4.6	2.5
03. Natural resources and conservation	115	95	15	0.6	1.0	0.2
Health and related fields	1,280	170	1,110	7.2	1.8	12.9
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	60	35	20	0.3	0.4	0.2
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,210	130	1,075	6.8	1.4	12.5
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,365	700	665	7.6	7.6	7.7
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	655	85	570	3.7	0.9	6.6
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	220	150	70	1.2	1.6	0.8
49. Transportation and materials moving	485	465	20	2.7	5.0	0.2
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	17,850	9,250	8,605	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	5,855	3,270	2,580	32.8	35.4	30.0
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	12,000	5,975	6,025	67.2	64.6	70.0
Location of study inside Canada	11,630	5,680	5,955	65.2	61.4	69.2
Same as province or territory of residence	11,490	5,610	5,885	64.4	60.6	68.4
Different than province or territory of residence	140	70	70	0.8	0.8	0.8
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	365	295	70	2.0	3.2	0.8
Americas	50	30	20	0.3	0.3	0.2
United States of America	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Mexico	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	140	110	35	0.8	1.2	0.4
Belgium	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
France	95	75	20	0.5	0.8	0.2
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	150	140	10	0.8	1.5	0.1
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	25	25	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Morocco	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Tunisia	110	100	10	0.6	1.1	0.1
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	25	20	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	27,270	14,065	13,205	...	...	...
In the labour force	18,855	10,240	8,610	...	...	...
Employed	18,055	9,875	8,180	...	...	...
Unemployed	800	370	430	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	8,420	3,825	4,595	...	...	...
Participation rate	69.1	72.8	65.2	69.1	72.8	65.2
Employment rate	66.2	70.2	61.9	66.2	70.2	61.9
Unemployment rate	4.2	3.6	5.0	4.2	3.6	5.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	27,265	14,065	13,205	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	8,135	3,665	4,465	29.8	26.1	33.8
Worked	19,130	10,395	8,735	70.2	73.9	66.1
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	10,655	6,035	4,620	39.1	42.9	35.0
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	8,480	4,365	4,120	31.1	31.0	31.2
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.3	43.9	42.7	43.3	43.9	42.7
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	18,855	10,245	8,610	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	150	60	85	0.8	0.6	1.0
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	18,700	10,180	8,520	99.2	99.4	99.0
Employee	16,355	8,650	7,710	86.7	84.4	89.5
Permanent position	14,180	7,550	6,635	75.2	73.7	77.1
Temporary position	2,170	1,100	1,075	11.5	10.7	12.5
Fixed term (1 year or more)	700	315	385	3.7	3.1	4.5
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	1,475	785	690	7.8	7.7	8.0
Self-employed¹⁹²	2,345	1,530	815	12.4	14.9	9.5
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	18,855	10,245	8,610	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	150	60	85	0.8	0.6	1.0
All occupations¹⁹¹	18,700	10,180	8,520	99.2	99.4	99.0
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	295	180	115	1.6	1.8	1.3
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,820	685	2,135	15.0	6.7	24.8
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	960	735	230	5.1	7.2	2.7
3 Health occupations	1,205	160	1,045	6.4	1.6	12.1
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,650	345	1,295	8.8	3.4	15.0
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	260	135	125	1.4	1.3	1.5
6 Sales and service occupations	3,770	1,450	2,320	20.0	14.2	26.9
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	4,625	4,225	405	24.5	41.2	4.7
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,250	965	280	6.6	9.4	3.3
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,850	1,295	560	9.8	12.6	6.5
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	18,855	10,245	8,610	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	150	60	85	0.8	0.6	1.0
All industries¹⁹¹	18,700	10,180	8,520	99.2	99.4	99.0
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	1,370	960	415	7.3	9.4	4.8
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	75	65	10	0.4	0.6	0.1
22 Utilities	70	55	10	0.4	0.5	0.1
23 Construction	2,275	1,905	375	12.1	18.6	4.4
31-33 Manufacturing	3,625	2,580	1,045	19.2	25.2	12.1
41 Wholesale trade	570	460	110	3.0	4.5	1.3
44-45 Retail trade	1,820	755	1,065	9.7	7.4	12.4
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	915	715	205	4.9	7.0	2.4
51 Information and cultural industries	120	70	50	0.6	0.7	0.6
52 Finance and insurance	580	165	415	3.1	1.6	4.8
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	185	75	110	1.0	0.7	1.3
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	785	410	375	4.2	4.0	4.4
55 Management of companies and enterprises	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	535	320	215	2.8	3.1	2.5
61 Educational services	785	190	595	4.2	1.9	6.9
62 Health care and social assistance	2,115	250	1,875	11.2	2.4	21.8
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	165	100	65	0.9	1.0	0.8
72 Accommodation and food services	730	265	460	3.9	2.6	5.3
81 Other services (except public administration)	910	450	455	4.8	4.4	5.3
91 Public administration	1,055	400	655	5.6	3.9	7.6
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	20,120	10,915	9,200	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	135	75	55	0.7	0.7	0.6
French	18,040	9,660	8,385	89.7	88.5	91.1
Non-official language	80	75	0	0.4	0.7	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	80	75	0	0.4	0.7	0.0
English and French	1,745	1,030	720	8.7	9.4	7.8
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	90	60	35	0.4	0.5	0.4
English, French and non-official language(s)	25	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	20,120	10,915	9,200	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	19,910	10,765	9,140	99.0	98.6	99.3
Official languages	19,815	10,680	9,130	98.5	97.8	99.2
English	295	175	125	1.5	1.6	1.4
French	19,520	10,505	9,015	97.0	96.2	98.0
Non-official languages	95	90	10	0.5	0.8	0.1
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	95	90	10	0.5	0.8	0.1
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	90	80	10	0.4	0.7	0.1
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	80	80	0	0.4	0.7	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	80	80	0	0.4	0.7	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	210	150	60	1.0	1.4	0.7
English and French	190	125	60	0.9	1.1	0.7
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	15	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	20,120	10,915	9,200	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	18,460	9,955	8,500	91.7	91.2	92.4
English	1,410	810	600	7.0	7.4	6.5
French	175	110	65	0.9	1.0	0.7
Non-official language	65	35	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	65	35	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	18,055	9,880	8,180	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	2,925	1,460	1,465	16.2	14.8	17.9
Worked outside Canada	40	35	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
No fixed workplace address	2,405	1,875	530	13.3	19.0	6.5
Usual place of work	12,685	6,500	6,180	70.3	65.8	75.6
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	12,680	6,500	6,180	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	3,415	1,835	1,585	26.9	28.2	25.6
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	3,560	1,780	1,780	28.1	27.4	28.8
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	5,700	2,875	2,820	45.0	44.2	45.6
Commute to a different province or territory	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	15,090	8,380	6,705	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	13,760	7,685	6,080	91.2	91.7	90.7
Car, truck or van - as a driver	13,110	7,370	5,740	86.9	87.9	85.6
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	650	310	340	4.3	3.7	5.1
Public transit	50	25	25	0.3	0.3	0.4
Walked	890	430	460	5.9	5.1	6.9
Bicycle	120	90	35	0.8	1.1	0.5
Other method	270	150	115	1.8	1.8	1.7
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	15,090	8,380	6,705	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	5,180	2,810	2,370	34.3	33.5	35.3
15 to 29 minutes	4,650	2,510	2,135	30.8	30.0	31.8
30 to 44 minutes	3,390	1,910	1,480	22.5	22.8	22.1
45 to 59 minutes	1,160	680	480	7.7	8.1	7.2
60 minutes and over	705	460	250	4.7	5.5	3.7
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	15,090	8,380	6,705	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,570	1,220	355	10.4	14.6	5.3
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	4,285	2,935	1,350	28.4	35.0	20.1
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	4,145	1,925	2,215	27.5	23.0	33.0
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	2,100	725	1,375	13.9	8.7	20.5
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	755	270	485	5.0	3.2	7.2
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	2,240	1,305	935	14.8	15.6	13.9
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	7,630	3,925	3,710	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	470	235	230	6.2	6.0	6.2
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	7,165	3,685	3,475	93.9	93.9	93.7
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	5,190	2,675	2,520	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	345	165	180	6.6	6.2	7.1
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	240	115	125	4.6	4.3	5.0
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	105	55	50	2.0	2.1	2.0
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	4,845	2,505	2,340	93.4	93.6	92.9

Symbol legend

...
not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 18, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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