Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Long Range MountainsMore information: Newfoundland and Labrador [Federal electoral district (2013 Representation Order)]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	81,716	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	86,553	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	- 5.6	...	...	- 5.6	...	...
Total private dwellings²	45,367	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	37,241	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	2.2	...	...	2.2	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	37,319.17	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	81,720	39,920	41,795	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	9,440	4,965	4,475	11.6	12.4	10.7
0 to 4 years	2,455	1,280	1,170	3.0	3.2	2.8
5 to 9 years	3,230	1,685	1,540	4.0	4.2	3.7
10 to 14 years	3,760	1,995	1,765	4.6	5.0	4.2
15 to 64 years	48,990	23,850	25,145	59.9	59.7	60.2
15 to 19 years	3,910	1,980	1,935	4.8	5.0	4.6
20 to 24 years	3,440	1,755	1,690	4.2	4.4	4.0
25 to 29 years	3,205	1,625	1,585	3.9	4.1	3.8
30 to 34 years	3,565	1,730	1,840	4.4	4.3	4.4
35 to 39 years	3,870	1,810	2,065	4.7	4.5	4.9
40 to 44 years	4,275	1,990	2,290	5.2	5.0	5.5
45 to 49 years	5,110	2,430	2,680	6.3	6.1	6.4
50 to 54 years	6,270	3,050	3,220	7.7	7.6	7.7
55 to 59 years	7,505	3,655	3,855	9.2	9.2	9.2
60 to 64 years	7,820	3,820	4,000	9.6	9.6	9.6
65 years and over	23,290	11,110	12,175	28.5	27.8	29.1
65 to 69 years	7,695	3,765	3,930	9.4	9.4	9.4
70 to 74 years	6,600	3,275	3,325	8.1	8.2	8.0
75 to 79 years	4,345	2,045	2,300	5.3	5.1	5.5
80 to 84 years	2,605	1,195	1,405	3.2	3.0	3.4
85 years and over	2,045	830	1,215	2.5	2.1	2.9
85 to 89 years	1,415	630	780	1.7	1.6	1.9
90 to 94 years	525	170	355	0.6	0.4	0.8
95 to 99 years	100	25	75	0.1	0.1	0.2
100 years and over	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	11.6	12.4	10.7	11.6	12.4	10.7
15 to 64 years	59.9	59.7	60.2	59.9	59.7	60.2
65 years and over	28.5	27.8	29.1	28.5	27.8	29.1
85 years and over	2.5	2.1	2.9	2.5	2.1	2.9
Average age of the population	48.7	48.0	49.4	48.7	48.0	49.4
Median age of the population	53.2	52.8	53.6	53.2	52.8	53.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	37,240	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	30,200	...	...	81.1	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,225	...	...	3.3	...	...
Row house	1,110	...	...	3.0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	2,280	...	...	6.1	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,890	...	...	5.1	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	135	...	...	0.4	...	...
Other single-attached house	120	...	...	0.3	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	280	...	...	0.8	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	37,245	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	11,015	...	...	29.6	...	...
2 persons	15,960	...	...	42.9	...	...
3 persons	5,545	...	...	14.9	...	...
4 persons	3,450	...	...	9.3	...	...
5 or more persons	1,280	...	...	3.4	...	...
Number of persons in private households	80,160	39,185	40,975	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	72,275	34,955	37,320	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	43,495	21,735	21,760	60.2	62.2	58.3
Married	35,935	17,965	17,970	49.7	51.4	48.2
Living common-law	7,560	3,770	3,785	10.5	10.8	10.1
Living common law - Never married	5,640	2,795	2,840	7.8	8.0	7.6
Living common law - Separated	205	115	95	0.3	0.3	0.3
Living common law - Divorced	1,450	745	705	2.0	2.1	1.9
Living common law - Widowed	260	115	150	0.4	0.3	0.4
Not married and not living common-law	28,780	13,225	15,560	39.8	37.8	41.7
Not married and not living common law - Never married	17,280	9,295	7,985	23.9	26.6	21.4
Not married and not living common law - Separated	1,505	675	830	2.1	1.9	2.2
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	4,180	1,860	2,320	5.8	5.3	6.2
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	5,825	1,400	4,425	8.1	4.0	11.9
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	25,570	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	16,385	...	...	64.1	...	...
3 persons	5,320	...	...	20.8	...	...
4 persons	3,075	...	...	12.0	...	...
5 or more persons	795	...	...	3.1	...	...
Average size of census families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.5	...	...	1.5	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	25,565	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	21,425	...	...	83.8	...	...
Married couples	17,645	...	...	69.0	...	...
With children⁶	6,170	...	...	24.1	...	...
Without children	11,480	...	...	44.9	...	...
Common-law couples	3,780	...	...	14.8	...	...
With children⁶	1,550	...	...	6.1	...	...
Without children	2,230	...	...	8.7	...	...
Total one-parent families	4,140	...	...	16.2	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	3,290	...	...	12.9	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	855	...	...	3.3	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	80,165	39,185	40,980	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	65,180	32,340	32,840	81.3	82.5	80.1
Married spouses or common-law partners	42,850	21,410	21,445	53.5	54.6	52.3
Parents in one-parent families	4,145	850	3,290	5.2	2.2	8.0
Children⁶	18,185	10,075	8,105	22.7	25.7	19.8
In a two-parent family	12,145	6,725	5,415	15.2	17.2	13.2
In a one-parent family	6,045	3,345	2,695	7.5	8.5	6.6
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	14,985	6,845	8,135	18.7	17.5	19.9
Living alone	11,015	4,920	6,090	13.7	12.6	14.9
Living with other relatives⁷	1,680	710	965	2.1	1.8	2.4
Living with non-relatives only	2,290	1,215	1,075	2.9	3.1	2.6
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	37,240	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	23,320	...	...	62.6	...	...
Couple-family households	20,000	...	...	53.7	...	...
With children⁶	7,175	...	...	19.3	...	...
Without children	12,830	...	...	34.5	...	...
One-parent-family households	3,320	...	...	8.9	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	765	...	...	2.1	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	85	...	...	0.2	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	895	...	...	2.4	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	1,155	...	...	3.1	...	...
One-person households	11,015	...	...	29.6	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	70,730	34,225	36,505	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	68,690	33,240	35,450	97.1	97.1	97.1
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	33,600	38,400	29,600	33,600	38,400	29,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	68,710	33,250	35,460	97.1	97.2	97.1
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	30,400	34,400	27,400	30,400	34,400	27,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	53,330	26,935	26,390	75.4	78.7	72.3
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	26,000	30,000	21,600	26,000	30,000	21,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	42,490	21,550	20,945	60.1	63.0	57.4
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	26,200	29,800	22,800	26,200	29,800	22,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	59,845	28,125	31,725	84.6	82.2	86.9
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	15,300	16,600	14,100	15,300	16,600	14,100
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	18,755	10,405	8,350	26.5	30.4	22.9
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,800	12,600	8,800	10,800	12,600	8,800
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	17,135	8,470	8,665	24.2	24.7	23.7
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,500	7,500	8,000	7,500	7,500	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	70,685	34,260	36,420	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	68,685	33,225	35,460	97.2	97.0	97.4
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,600	47,280	36,280	41,600	47,280	36,280
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	68,710	33,230	35,480	97.2	97.0	97.4
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,480	39,560	31,680	35,480	39,560	31,680
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	53,455	26,960	26,495	75.6	78.7	72.7
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,640	41,800	31,360	36,640	41,800	31,360
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	42,455	21,445	21,010	60.1	62.6	57.7
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,880	41,840	31,840	36,880	41,840	31,840
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	60,020	28,155	31,865	84.9	82.2	87.5
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	15,000	15,780	14,300	15,000	15,780	14,300
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	18,615	10,305	8,310	26.3	30.1	22.8
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,340	12,410	10,020	11,340	12,410	10,020
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	17,010	8,435	8,575	24.1	24.6	23.5
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,140	7,910	8,360	8,140	7,910	8,360
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	70,685	34,260	36,425	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	15,250	7,075	8,175	21.6	20.7	22.4
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	55,200	62,400	49,200	55,200	62,400	49,200
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	62,650	70,400	55,950	62,650	70,400	55,950
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	20,705	11,020	9,680	29.3	32.2	26.6
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	15,900	19,800	13,100	15,900	19,800	13,100
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	25,180	31,000	18,540	25,180	31,000	18,540
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	68.6	71.8	64.6	68.6	71.8	64.6
Employment income (%)¹⁹	54.8	57.1	52.0	54.8	57.1	52.0
Government transfers (%)²⁰	31.5	28.3	35.4	31.5	28.3	35.4
Employment insurance benefits (%)	7.4	8.1	6.5	7.4	8.1	6.5
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.8	5.0	6.9	5.8	5.0	6.9
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.8	4.3	5.6	4.8	4.3	5.6
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	70,730	34,230	36,505	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	2,040	980	1,055	2.9	2.9	2.9
With total income	68,685	33,245	35,445	97.1	97.1	97.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	5,490	2,150	3,340	8.0	6.5	9.4
$10,000 to $19,999	10,845	4,095	6,750	15.8	12.3	19.0
$20,000 to $29,999	13,900	6,035	7,865	20.2	18.2	22.2
$30,000 to $39,999	10,805	5,090	5,715	15.7	15.3	16.1
$40,000 to $49,999	8,710	4,535	4,180	12.7	13.6	11.8
$50,000 to $59,999	5,745	3,175	2,570	8.4	9.6	7.3
$60,000 to $69,999	3,725	2,190	1,535	5.4	6.6	4.3
$70,000 to $79,999	2,555	1,640	920	3.7	4.9	2.6
$80,000 to $89,999	1,940	1,200	745	2.8	3.6	2.1
$90,000 to $99,999	1,525	805	720	2.2	2.4	2.0
$100,000 and over	3,450	2,340	1,110	5.0	7.0	3.1
$100,000 to $149,999	2,540	1,635	900	3.7	4.9	2.5
$150,000 and over	915	700	210	1.3	2.1	0.6
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	70,730	34,230	36,505	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	2,025	975	1,045	2.9	2.8	2.9
With after-tax income	68,705	33,250	35,455	97.1	97.1	97.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	5,740	2,210	3,530	8.4	6.6	10.0
$10,000 to $19,999	11,315	4,290	7,030	16.5	12.9	19.8
$20,000 to $29,999	16,665	7,385	9,275	24.3	22.2	26.2
$30,000 to $39,999	12,375	6,240	6,135	18.0	18.8	17.3
$40,000 to $49,999	8,925	4,790	4,135	13.0	14.4	11.7
$50,000 to $59,999	5,195	3,095	2,100	7.6	9.3	5.9
$60,000 to $69,999	3,125	1,935	1,185	4.5	5.8	3.3
$70,000 to $79,999	2,180	1,160	1,020	3.2	3.5	2.9
$80,000 to $89,999	1,215	735	485	1.8	2.2	1.4
$90,000 to $99,999	675	440	235	1.0	1.3	0.7
$100,000 and over	1,300	975	330	1.9	2.9	0.9
$100,000 to $124,999	725	535	190	1.1	1.6	0.5
$125,000 and over	580	435	140	0.8	1.3	0.4
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	70,730	34,230	36,505	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	28,235	12,680	15,560	39.9	37.0	42.6
With employment income	42,495	21,545	20,945	60.1	62.9	57.4
Under $5,000 (including loss)	7,220	3,445	3,775	17.0	16.0	18.0
$5,000 to $9,999	4,050	1,730	2,325	9.5	8.0	11.1
$10,000 to $19,999	6,890	3,190	3,700	16.2	14.8	17.7
$20,000 to $29,999	4,950	2,440	2,510	11.6	11.3	12.0
$30,000 to $39,999	4,170	2,050	2,120	9.8	9.5	10.1
$40,000 to $49,999	3,590	1,815	1,780	8.4	8.4	8.5
$50,000 to $59,999	2,750	1,435	1,315	6.5	6.7	6.3
$60,000 to $69,999	2,000	1,195	810	4.7	5.5	3.9
$70,000 to $79,999	1,660	1,035	625	3.9	4.8	3.0
$80,000 to $89,999	1,360	800	555	3.2	3.7	2.6
$90,000 to $99,999	1,220	590	630	2.9	2.7	3.0
$100,000 and over	2,630	1,820	805	6.2	8.4	3.8
$100,000 to $124,999	1,470	900	570	3.5	4.2	2.7
$125,000 and over	1,160	925	240	2.7	4.3	1.1
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	70,730	34,225	36,505	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	67,690	32,730	34,960	95.7	95.6	95.8
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	31,800	38,400	27,000	31,800	38,400	27,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	67,760	32,735	35,020	95.8	95.6	95.9
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	29,000	34,400	25,200	29,000	34,400	25,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	53,470	26,960	26,510	75.6	78.8	72.6
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	27,400	32,800	22,800	27,400	32,800	22,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	43,505	22,035	21,470	61.5	64.4	58.8
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	27,800	33,600	23,400	27,800	33,600	23,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	55,895	26,025	29,875	79.0	76.0	81.8
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	13,300	14,800	11,900	13,300	14,800	11,900
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	18,515	10,335	8,180	26.2	30.2	22.4
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	11,400	13,000	9,600	11,400	13,000	9,600
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	70,685	34,260	36,420	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	67,610	32,680	34,925	95.6	95.4	95.9
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,120	47,840	34,840	41,120	47,840	34,840
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	67,670	32,680	34,990	95.7	95.4	96.1
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,720	39,440	30,280	34,720	39,440	30,280
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	53,515	26,880	26,630	75.7	78.5	73.1
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,600	44,920	32,200	38,600	44,920	32,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	43,450	21,820	21,630	61.5	63.7	59.4
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,200	45,600	32,760	39,200	45,600	32,760
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	56,100	26,110	29,985	79.4	76.2	82.3
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	12,750	13,600	12,000	12,750	13,600	12,000
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	18,295	10,045	8,250	25.9	29.3	22.7
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	11,670	12,730	10,380	11,670	12,730	10,380
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	70,685	34,260	36,425	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	15,150	7,015	8,130	21.4	20.5	22.3
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	54,000	61,200	48,000	54,000	61,200	48,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	61,300	68,800	54,850	61,300	68,800	54,850
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	19,645	10,465	9,175	27.8	30.5	25.2
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	20,000	26,400	15,600	20,000	26,400	15,600
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	31,480	39,560	22,280	31,480	39,560	22,280
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	74.2	77.2	70.4	74.2	77.2	70.4
Employment income (%)	61.3	63.7	58.2	61.3	63.7	58.2
Government transfers (%)	25.7	22.7	29.6	25.7	22.7	29.6
Employment insurance benefits (%)	7.7	8.2	7.0	7.7	8.2	7.0
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	37,240	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	62,000	...	...	62,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	55,600	...	...	55,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	11,015	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	28,800	...	...	28,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	27,400	...	...	27,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	26,230	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	80,000	...	...	80,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	70,500	...	...	70,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	37,230	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	76,800	...	...	76,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	65,500	...	...	65,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	10,995	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	37,680	...	...	37,680	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	33,000	...	...	33,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	26,230	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	93,100	...	...	93,100	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	79,100	...	...	79,100	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	37,240	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	195	...	...	0.5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	390	...	...	1.0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	785	...	...	2.1	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	815	...	...	2.2	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,825	...	...	7.6	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,725	...	...	4.6	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,300	...	...	6.2	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,280	...	...	6.1	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,850	...	...	5.0	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,695	...	...	4.6	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,170	...	...	8.5	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,770	...	...	7.4	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,575	...	...	6.9	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,360	...	...	6.3	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,955	...	...	5.2	...	...
$100,000 and over	9,540	...	...	25.6	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,635	...	...	9.8	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,310	...	...	6.2	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	2,335	...	...	6.3	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,270	...	...	3.4	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	37,240	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	205	...	...	0.6	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	400	...	...	1.1	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	805	...	...	2.2	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	850	...	...	2.3	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	3,020	...	...	8.1	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	2,020	...	...	5.4	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,490	...	...	6.7	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,545	...	...	6.8	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,140	...	...	5.7	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,940	...	...	5.2	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,750	...	...	10.1	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,300	...	...	8.9	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,970	...	...	8.0	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,385	...	...	6.4	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,865	...	...	5.0	...	...
$100,000 and over	6,565	...	...	17.6	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,175	...	...	8.5	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,810	...	...	4.9	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,585	...	...	4.3	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	25,395	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	79,500	...	...	79,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	70,000	...	...	70,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	12,915	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	69,000	...	...	69,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	61,600	...	...	61,600	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	7,925	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	118,000	...	...	118,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	101,000	...	...	101,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.7	...	...	3.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	3,820	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	53,600	...	...	53,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	50,800	...	...	50,800	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	13,305	6,135	7,170	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	29,400	32,400	27,400	29,400	32,400	27,400
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	27,600	29,600	26,400	27,600	29,600	26,400
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	25,360	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	93,000	...	...	93,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	78,900	...	...	78,900	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	12,935	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	80,000	...	...	80,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	68,300	...	...	68,300	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	7,930	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	130,800	...	...	130,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	108,500	...	...	108,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	3,790	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	58,700	...	...	58,700	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	53,350	...	...	53,350	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	13,335	5,910	7,425	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	37,520	40,240	35,360	37,520	40,240	35,360
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	32,840	34,680	31,360	32,840	34,680	31,360
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	80,160	39,190	40,975	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	11,765	6,160	5,605	14.7	15.7	13.7
0 to 5 years	3,035	1,595	1,440	3.8	4.1	3.5
18 to 64 years	46,230	22,350	23,880	57.7	57.0	58.3
65 years and over	22,170	10,675	11,495	27.7	27.2	28.1
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	14,955	6,710	8,245	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	2,240	1,205	1,035	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	610	320	295	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	6,155	2,740	3,405	...	...	...
65 years and over	6,565	2,765	3,800	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	18.7	17.1	20.1	18.7	17.1	20.1
0 to 17 years (%)	19.0	19.5	18.4	19.0	19.5	18.4
0 to 5 years (%)	20.2	19.8	20.4	20.2	19.8	20.4
18 to 64 years (%)	13.3	12.3	14.3	13.3	12.3	14.3
65 years and over (%)	29.6	25.9	33.0	29.6	25.9	33.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	80,165	39,185	40,980	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	11,765	6,165	5,600	14.7	15.7	13.7
0 to 5 years	3,030	1,595	1,435	3.8	4.1	3.5
18 to 64 years	46,230	22,350	23,875	57.7	57.0	58.3
65 years and over	22,170	10,670	11,495	27.7	27.2	28.1
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	2,695	1,305	1,385	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	310	165	140	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	80	35	40	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	2,165	1,065	1,095	...	...	...
65 years and over	225	75	150	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.4	3.3	3.4	3.4	3.3	3.4
0 to 17 years (%)	2.6	2.7	2.6	2.6	2.7	2.6
0 to 5 years (%)	2.6	2.4	2.8	2.6	2.4	2.8
18 to 64 years (%)	4.7	4.8	4.6	4.7	4.8	4.6
65 years and over (%)	1.0	0.7	1.3	1.0	0.7	1.3
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	80,165	39,190	40,975	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	52,040	24,820	27,225	64.9	63.3	66.4
In bottom decile	11,220	5,025	6,195	14.0	12.8	15.1
In second decile	12,970	5,975	6,990	16.2	15.2	17.1
In third decile	10,390	5,120	5,270	13.0	13.1	12.9
In fourth decile	9,150	4,550	4,605	11.4	11.6	11.2
In fifth decile	8,315	4,150	4,165	10.4	10.6	10.2
In top half of the distribution	28,120	14,365	13,755	35.1	36.7	33.6
In sixth decile	7,890	3,985	3,900	9.8	10.2	9.5
In seventh decile	6,730	3,420	3,315	8.4	8.7	8.1
In eighth decile	5,990	3,055	2,935	7.5	7.8	7.2
In ninth decile	4,710	2,445	2,265	5.9	6.2	5.5
In top decile	2,800	1,455	1,340	3.5	3.7	3.3
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	80,160	...	...	80,160	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.313	...	...	0.313	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.511	...	...	0.511	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.270	...	...	0.270	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.4	...	...	3.4	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	80,585	39,415	41,175	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	77,660	38,125	39,535	96.4	96.7	96.0
French only	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	2,890	1,265	1,625	3.6	3.2	3.9
Neither English nor French	40	20	15	0.0	0.1	0.0
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	80,585	39,415	41,175	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	80,135	39,175	40,960	99.4	99.4	99.5
French	400	215	185	0.5	0.5	0.4
English and French	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Neither English nor French	30	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	80,585	39,415	41,175	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	80,245	39,255	40,985	99.6	99.6	99.5
Official languages	79,510	38,895	40,615	98.7	98.7	98.6
English	79,055	38,660	40,395	98.1	98.1	98.1
French	455	235	220	0.6	0.6	0.5
Non-official languages	735	360	370	0.9	0.9	0.9
Indigenous languages³⁹	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	730	360	370	0.9	0.9	0.9
Afro-Asiatic languages	55	35	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	55	35	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	55	35	20	0.1	0.1	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	35	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	35	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	130	45	85	0.2	0.1	0.2
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	115	40	75	0.1	0.1	0.2
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	20	15	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	385	205	175	0.5	0.5	0.4
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	80	50	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	30	20	15	0.0	0.1	0.0
German	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	35	20	15	0.0	0.1	0.0
Afrikaans	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	10	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	190	110	80	0.2	0.3	0.2
Indo-Aryan languages	180	105	75	0.2	0.3	0.2
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	35	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	75	50	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	20	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	20	15	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	65	30	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	45	15	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	50	20	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages	50	20	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	345	160	185	0.4	0.4	0.4
English and French	175	80	100	0.2	0.2	0.2
English and non-official language(s)	145	70	75	0.2	0.2	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	80,585	39,415	41,175	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	79,225	38,755	40,470	98.3	98.3	98.3
French	75	35	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-official language	190	100	95	0.2	0.3	0.2
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	185	100	90	0.2	0.3	0.2
English and French	410	185	225	0.5	0.5	0.5
English and non-official language(s)	640	305	335	0.8	0.8	0.8
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	35	20	15	0.0	0.1	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	80,585	39,415	41,175	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	80,400	39,320	41,075	99.8	99.8	99.8
Official languages	80,010	39,125	40,885	99.3	99.3	99.3
English	79,890	39,070	40,825	99.1	99.1	99.1
French	115	55	60	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-official languages	390	200	190	0.5	0.5	0.5
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	390	200	190	0.5	0.5	0.5
Afro-Asiatic languages	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	60	30	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	60	25	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	200	105	95	0.2	0.3	0.2
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	10	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	10	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	145	85	65	0.2	0.2	0.2
Indo-Aryan languages	140	80	65	0.2	0.2	0.2
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	30	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	55	35	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	15	15	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	25	5	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	20	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	35	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	35	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	190	95	95	0.2	0.2	0.2
English and French	60	30	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and non-official language(s)	120	60	65	0.1	0.2	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	80,590	39,415	41,175	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	79,660	38,975	40,690	98.8	98.9	98.8
English	205	100	110	0.3	0.3	0.3
French	310	140	175	0.4	0.4	0.4
Non-official language	325	155	170	0.4	0.4	0.4
Indigenous³⁹	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	300	145	150	0.4	0.4	0.4
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	20	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	80,120	39,200	40,915	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	80,085	39,185	40,900	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	80,080	39,175	40,900	100.0	99.9	100.0
French	2,875	1,290	1,575	3.6	3.3	3.8
Non-official languages	1,495	775	715	1.9	2.0	1.7
Indigenous languages³⁹	75	30	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Algonquian languages	65	25	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	25	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	40	20	20	0.0	0.1	0.0
Mi'kmaq	40	20	20	0.0	0.1	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,425	750	680	1.8	1.9	1.7
Afro-Asiatic languages	170	110	60	0.2	0.3	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	170	110	60	0.2	0.3	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	160	110	55	0.2	0.3	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	35	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	35	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	185	90	100	0.2	0.2	0.2
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	170	80	90	0.2	0.2	0.2
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	30	20	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	755	385	370	0.9	1.0	0.9
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	100	30	70	0.1	0.1	0.2
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	100	30	70	0.1	0.1	0.2
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	60	25	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	20	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	135	75	60	0.2	0.2	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	85	45	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
German	75	40	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	25	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	20	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	40	30	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	20	20	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	300	165	140	0.4	0.4	0.3
Indo-Aryan languages	295	160	135	0.4	0.4	0.3
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	65	15	45	0.1	0.0	0.1
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	130	75	55	0.2	0.2	0.1
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	100	80	25	0.1	0.2	0.1
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	70	25	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	265	135	130	0.3	0.3	0.3
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	40	30	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Romanian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	190	90	95	0.2	0.2	0.2
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	70	45	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	15	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	30	20	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	130	70	60	0.2	0.2	0.1
American Sign Language	115	60	55	0.1	0.2	0.1
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	70	35	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages	65	35	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	50	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	15	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	25	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	80,120	39,205	40,915	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	20,530	9,955	10,575	25.6	25.4	25.8
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	18,510	8,935	9,580	23.1	22.8	23.4
First Nations (North American Indian)	16,730	8,070	8,665	20.9	20.6	21.2
Métis	1,225	605	620	1.5	1.5	1.5
Inuk (Inuit)	555	255	300	0.7	0.7	0.7
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	255	135	125	0.3	0.3	0.3
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	1,765	890	875	2.2	2.3	2.1
Non-Indigenous identity	59,590	29,245	30,345	74.4	74.6	74.2
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	80,120	39,205	40,915	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	13,560	6,485	7,080	16.9	16.5	17.3
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	66,555	32,715	33,840	83.1	83.4	82.7
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	37,230	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	28,710	...	...	77.1	...	...
Renter	8,520	...	...	22.9	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	37,230	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	530	...	...	1.4	...	...
Not condominium	36,695	...	...	98.6	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	37,230	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	45	...	...	0.1	...	...
1 bedroom	2,230	...	...	6.0	...	...
2 bedrooms	9,925	...	...	26.7	...	...
3 bedrooms	17,270	...	...	46.4	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	7,750	...	...	20.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	37,230	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	6,220	...	...	16.7	...	...
5 rooms	6,280	...	...	16.9	...	...
6 rooms	6,895	...	...	18.5	...	...
7 rooms	5,780	...	...	15.5	...	...
8 or more rooms	12,060	...	...	32.4	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.7	...	...	6.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	37,230	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	37,130	...	...	99.7	...	...
More than one person per room	100	...	...	0.3	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	37,230	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	36,650	...	...	98.4	...	...
Not suitable	580	...	...	1.6	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	37,230	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	7,920	...	...	21.3	...	...
1961 to 1980	13,440	...	...	36.1	...	...
1981 to 1990	5,700	...	...	15.3	...	...
1991 to 2000	4,135	...	...	11.1	...	...
2001 to 2005	1,445	...	...	3.9	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,745	...	...	4.7	...	...
2011 to 2015	1,655	...	...	4.4	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	1,185	...	...	3.2	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	37,230	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	34,865	...	...	93.6	...	...
Major repairs needed	2,360	...	...	6.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	37,230	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	19,860	...	...	53.3	...	...
Two-maintainer household	16,465	...	...	44.2	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	905	...	...	2.4	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	37,230	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	825	...	...	2.2	...	...
25 to 34 years	3,180	...	...	8.5	...	...
35 to 44 years	4,130	...	...	11.1	...	...
45 to 54 years	6,215	...	...	16.7	...	...
55 to 64 years	8,690	...	...	23.3	...	...
65 to 74 years	8,580	...	...	23.0	...	...
75 to 84 years	4,390	...	...	11.8	...	...
85 years and over	1,220	...	...	3.3	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	37,145	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	32,140	...	...	86.5	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	5,010	...	...	13.5	...	...
30% to less than 100%	4,665	...	...	12.6	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	37,230	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	7,460	...	...	20.0	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	4,560	...	...	12.2	...	...
Not suitable only	510	...	...	1.4	...	...
Major repairs needed only	1,920	...	...	5.2	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	35	...	...	0.1	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	405	...	...	1.1	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	25	...	...	0.1	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	10	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	29,765	...	...	79.9	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	36,805	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	2,710	...	...	7.4	...	...
Not in core need	34,095	...	...	92.6	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	28,690	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	38.1	...	...	38.1	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	7.3	...	...	7.3	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	3.8	...	...	3.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	552	...	...	552	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	802	...	...	802	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	176,000	...	...	176,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	190,600	...	...	190,600	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	8,520	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	23.4	...	...	23.4	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	34.4	...	...	34.4	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	19.5	...	...	19.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	780	...	...	780	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	811	...	...	811	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	80,115	39,200	40,920	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	14,040	6,755	7,285	17.5	17.2	17.8
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	13,935	6,690	7,245	17.4	17.1	17.7
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	13,005	6,240	6,760	16.2	15.9	16.5
Métis single ancestry	540	255	285	0.7	0.7	0.7
Inuit single ancestry	395	195	195	0.5	0.5	0.5
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	105	60	40	0.1	0.2	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	40	30	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	20	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	35	30	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	10,930	5,340	5,590	13.6	13.6	13.7
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	10,660	5,200	5,460	13.3	13.3	13.3
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	9,935	4,855	5,080	12.4	12.4	12.4
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	360	205	155	0.4	0.5	0.4
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	370	145	230	0.5	0.4	0.6
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	265	140	130	0.3	0.4	0.3
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	140	65	70	0.2	0.2	0.2
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	80	35	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	20	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	30	20	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	55,150	27,110	28,045	68.8	69.2	68.5
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	80,115	39,200	40,915	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	79,380	38,795	40,585	99.1	99.0	99.2
Canadian citizens aged under 18	11,795	6,210	5,590	14.7	15.8	13.7
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	67,580	32,585	34,995	84.4	83.1	85.5
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	745	410	330	0.9	1.0	0.8
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	80,115	39,200	40,915	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	78,520	38,390	40,135	98.0	97.9	98.1
Immigrants⁸¹	1,350	660	690	1.7	1.7	1.7
Before 1980	450	185	260	0.6	0.5	0.6
1980 to 1990	120	60	60	0.1	0.2	0.1
1991 to 2000	100	55	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
2001 to 2010	250	120	125	0.3	0.3	0.3
2011 to 2021⁸²	440	230	205	0.5	0.6	0.5
2011 to 2015	140	80	65	0.2	0.2	0.2
2016 to 2021	295	145	150	0.4	0.4	0.4
Non-permanent residents⁸³	245	150	90	0.3	0.4	0.2
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	1,350	660	690	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	140	70	75	10.4	10.6	10.9
5 to 14 years	260	130	125	19.3	19.7	18.1
15 to 24 years	280	120	160	20.7	18.2	23.2
25 to 44 years	575	275	300	42.6	41.7	43.5
45 years and over	95	60	35	7.0	9.1	5.1
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	1,350	660	690	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	230	105	125	17.0	15.9	18.1
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	20	15	0	1.5	2.3	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	15	0	10	1.1	0.0	1.4
United States of America	135	70	65	10.0	10.6	9.4
Other places of birth in Americas	30	0	30	2.2	0.0	4.3
Europe	530	250	280	39.3	37.9	40.6
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	10	0	10	0.7	0.0	1.4
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	10	0	10	0.7	0.0	1.4
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	20	0	15	1.5	0.0	2.2
Poland	20	10	10	1.5	1.5	1.4
Portugal	20	10	0	1.5	1.5	0.0
Romania	10	0	10	0.7	0.0	1.4
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	15	0	10	1.1	0.0	1.4
United Kingdom⁸⁷	295	135	160	21.9	20.5	23.2
Other places of birth in Europe	110	65	45	8.1	9.8	6.5
Africa	145	85	60	10.7	12.9	8.7
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	45	30	15	3.3	4.5	2.2
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	35	25	15	2.6	3.8	2.2
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	30	20	10	2.2	3.0	1.4
Other places of birth in Africa	25	10	15	1.9	1.5	2.2
Asia	430	215	215	31.9	32.6	31.2
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	10	0	0	0.7	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	40	15	25	3.0	2.3	3.6
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	150	65	80	11.1	9.8	11.6
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	20	0	15	1.5	0.0	2.2
India	100	60	40	7.4	9.1	5.8
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	15	0	10	1.1	0.0	1.4
Other places of birth in Asia	55	35	20	4.1	5.3	2.9
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	15	0	15	1.1	0.0	2.2
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	300	150	145	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	40	20	15	13.3	13.3	10.3
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	15	10	10	5.0	6.7	6.9
Europe	15	10	10	5.0	6.7	6.9
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	40	20	15	13.3	13.3	10.3
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	20	10	0	6.7	6.7	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	20	10	10	6.7	6.7	6.9
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	210	100	115	70.0	66.7	79.3
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	15	0	10	5.0	0.0	6.9
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	10	10	0	3.3	6.7	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	120	55	60	40.0	36.7	41.4
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	10	0	10	3.3	0.0	6.9
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	10	0	0	3.3	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	80,120	39,200	40,915	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	1,740	885	860	2.2	2.3	2.1
Second generation¹⁰¹	2,145	1,135	1,010	2.7	2.9	2.5
Third generation or more¹⁰²	76,240	37,185	39,055	95.2	94.9	95.5
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	905	470	435	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	620	330	295	68.5	70.2	67.8
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	255	160	100	28.2	34.0	23.0
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	365	170	195	40.3	36.2	44.8
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	235	115	120	26.0	24.5	27.6
Refugees¹⁰⁸	45	25	20	5.0	5.3	4.6
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	905	470	435	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	220	110	110	24.3	23.4	25.3
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	60	30	30	6.6	6.4	6.9
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	70	55	15	7.7	11.7	3.4
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	25	15	10	2.8	3.2	2.3
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	525	265	260	58.0	56.4	59.8
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	80,120	39,200	40,915	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	1,255	680	575	1.6	1.7	1.4
South Asian	410	215	190	0.5	0.5	0.5
Chinese	90	50	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Black	250	150	105	0.3	0.4	0.3
Filipino	215	95	115	0.3	0.2	0.3
Arab	100	75	25	0.1	0.2	0.1
Latin American	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Southeast Asian	60	20	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
West Asian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	25	20	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Multiple visible minorities	45	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	78,860	38,520	40,345	98.4	98.3	98.6
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	80,115	39,200	40,915	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	17,305	8,355	8,955	21.6	21.3	21.9
English	25,965	12,580	13,385	32.4	32.1	32.7
Irish	11,240	5,450	5,795	14.0	13.9	14.2
Scottish	5,630	2,780	2,855	7.0	7.1	7.0
French, n.o.s.¹²²	7,820	3,870	3,955	9.8	9.9	9.7
German	1,250	600	650	1.6	1.5	1.6
Chinese	135	65	70	0.2	0.2	0.2
Italian	265	130	135	0.3	0.3	0.3
Indian (India)	375	185	190	0.5	0.5	0.5
Ukrainian	115	40	70	0.1	0.1	0.2
Dutch	255	125	140	0.3	0.3	0.3
Polish	190	80	115	0.2	0.2	0.3
Québécois	65	40	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	2,935	1,460	1,480	3.7	3.7	3.6
Filipino	195	100	100	0.2	0.3	0.2
French Canadian	150	60	90	0.2	0.2	0.2
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	3,740	1,835	1,900	4.7	4.7	4.6
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	6,525	3,140	3,385	8.1	8.0	8.3
Métis	1,165	620	545	1.5	1.6	1.3
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	1,090	545	545	1.4	1.4	1.3
Russian	85	25	60	0.1	0.1	0.1
Norwegian	225	110	110	0.3	0.3	0.3
Welsh	640	315	330	0.8	0.8	0.8
Portuguese	165	85	80	0.2	0.2	0.2
American	275	145	135	0.3	0.4	0.3
Spanish	140	40	100	0.2	0.1	0.2
Swedish	125	45	80	0.2	0.1	0.2
Hungarian	50	20	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Acadian	200	90	105	0.2	0.2	0.3
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	45	30	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Jewish	85	45	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Punjabi	30	20	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	30	25	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican	25	25	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	35	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	55	30	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Korean	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	45	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Lebanese	180	120	65	0.2	0.3	0.2
Iranian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	280	165	115	0.3	0.4	0.3
Danish	75	25	50	0.1	0.1	0.1
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	1,900	990	915	2.4	2.5	2.2
Sikh	20	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	20	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belgian	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	30	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mennonite	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	40	30	15	0.0	0.1	0.0
Finnish	35	10	25	0.0	0.0	0.1
Sri Lankan	35	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	35	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	20	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	45	0	45	0.1	0.0	0.1
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	9,845	4,760	5,090	12.3	12.1	12.4
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	160	90	70	0.2	0.2	0.2
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	55	30	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	20	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	30	25	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Colombian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	20	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syrian	50	35	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Guyanese	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	40	25	15	0.0	0.1	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	75	35	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Newfoundlander	4,940	2,395	2,545	6.2	6.1	6.2
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	80	40	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Persian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	40	30	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	845	395	450	1.1	1.0	1.1
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	30	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	15	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	30	25	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	20	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	15	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South African	20	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	80	30	55	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	40	25	15	0.0	0.1	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	65	25	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
New Brunswicker	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	170	95	75	0.2	0.2	0.2
Latvian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	75	45	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Coptic	25	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	50	10	40	0.1	0.0	0.1
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	4,655	2,180	2,475	5.8	5.6	6.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	80,120	39,205	40,915	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	55	15	40	0.1	0.0	0.1
Christian	69,320	33,340	35,980	86.5	85.0	87.9
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	1,985	990	995	2.5	2.5	2.4
Anabaptist	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	25,915	12,540	13,370	32.3	32.0	32.7
Baptist	190	70	120	0.2	0.2	0.3
Catholic	24,515	11,805	12,710	30.6	30.1	31.1
Christian Orthodox	80	40	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Jehovah's Witness	250	110	135	0.3	0.3	0.3
Latter Day Saints	30	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lutheran	55	35	20	0.1	0.1	0.0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	3,475	1,625	1,850	4.3	4.1	4.5
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	5,210	2,500	2,710	6.5	6.4	6.6
Presbyterian	95	30	65	0.1	0.1	0.2
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	6,935	3,260	3,670	8.7	8.3	9.0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	560	305	260	0.7	0.8	0.6
Hindu	75	50	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Jewish	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	235	105	135	0.3	0.3	0.3
Sikh	95	75	25	0.1	0.2	0.1
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	120	40	75	0.1	0.1	0.2
No religion and secular perspectives	10,175	5,560	4,610	12.7	14.2	11.3
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	79,620	38,995	40,630	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	73,435	35,960	37,475	92.2	92.2	92.2
Movers	6,185	3,035	3,155	7.8	7.8	7.8
Non-migrants	3,270	1,555	1,710	4.1	4.0	4.2
Migrants	2,920	1,480	1,440	3.7	3.8	3.5
Internal migrants	2,795	1,410	1,390	3.5	3.6	3.4
Intraprovincial migrants	1,600	745	860	2.0	1.9	2.1
Interprovincial migrants	1,195	665	530	1.5	1.7	1.3
External migrants	125	75	55	0.2	0.2	0.1
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	77,660	37,955	39,705	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	56,615	27,810	28,805	72.9	73.3	72.5
Movers	21,040	10,135	10,900	27.1	26.7	27.5
Non-migrants	7,370	3,510	3,860	9.5	9.2	9.7
Migrants	13,670	6,625	7,045	17.6	17.5	17.7
Internal migrants	13,115	6,290	6,825	16.9	16.6	17.2
Intraprovincial migrants	9,180	4,280	4,900	11.8	11.3	12.3
Interprovincial migrants	3,935	2,010	1,925	5.1	5.3	4.8
External migrants	555	335	220	0.7	0.9	0.6
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	70,685	34,260	36,425	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	19,515	10,225	9,290	27.6	29.8	25.5
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	51,175	24,035	27,135	72.4	70.2	74.5
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	41,190	19,730	21,465	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	7,565	4,385	3,175	18.4	22.2	14.8
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	33,625	15,340	18,285	81.6	77.7	85.2
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	70,685	34,260	36,420	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	18,170	9,205	8,965	25.7	26.9	24.6
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	20,135	9,400	10,735	28.5	27.4	29.5
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	32,380	15,660	16,720	45.8	45.7	45.9
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	24,045	12,315	11,730	34.0	35.9	32.2
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	6,985	5,170	1,815	9.9	15.1	5.0
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	3,595	2,150	1,445	5.1	6.3	4.0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	3,390	3,020	375	4.8	8.8	1.0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	15,835	6,595	9,240	22.4	19.2	25.4
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,220	555	670	1.7	1.6	1.8
Bachelor's degree or higher	8,335	3,340	4,995	11.8	9.7	13.7
Bachelor's degree	5,695	2,220	3,480	8.1	6.5	9.6
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	375	125	250	0.5	0.4	0.7
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	250	140	110	0.4	0.4	0.3
Master's degree	1,810	720	1,095	2.6	2.1	3.0
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	205	140	65	0.3	0.4	0.2
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	41,190	19,725	21,460	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	6,740	3,785	2,955	16.4	19.2	13.8
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	11,145	5,200	5,945	27.1	26.4	27.7
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	23,310	10,750	12,555	56.6	54.5	58.5
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	17,205	8,535	8,670	41.8	43.3	40.4
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	4,605	3,355	1,255	11.2	17.0	5.8
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	2,480	1,465	1,020	6.0	7.4	4.8
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	2,125	1,885	240	5.2	9.6	1.1
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	11,875	4,835	7,045	28.8	24.5	32.8
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	720	355	370	1.7	1.8	1.7
Bachelor's degree or higher	6,100	2,215	3,890	14.8	11.2	18.1
Bachelor's degree	4,070	1,470	2,595	9.9	7.5	12.1
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	240	60	185	0.6	0.3	0.9
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	205	110	90	0.5	0.6	0.4
Master's degree	1,415	455	960	3.4	2.3	4.5
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	170	110	60	0.4	0.6	0.3
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	70,685	34,265	36,425	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	38,305	18,605	19,705	54.2	54.3	54.1
Education	2,845	960	1,885	4.0	2.8	5.2
13. Education	2,845	960	1,885	4.0	2.8	5.2
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	415	215	200	0.6	0.6	0.5
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	55	50	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	365	165	195	0.5	0.5	0.5
Humanities	855	385	465	1.2	1.1	1.3
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	35	15	25	0.0	0.0	0.1
23. English language and literature/letters	235	100	135	0.3	0.3	0.4
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	225	80	140	0.3	0.2	0.4
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	45	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
39. Theology and religious vocations	175	110	65	0.2	0.3	0.2
54. History	75	50	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	45	0	45	0.1	0.0	0.1
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,790	510	1,280	2.5	1.5	3.5
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	75	25	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	585	55	530	0.8	0.2	1.5
22. Legal professions and studies	170	50	120	0.2	0.1	0.3
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	25	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
42. Psychology	470	135	335	0.7	0.4	0.9
45. Social sciences	460	240	220	0.7	0.7	0.6
Business, management and public administration	6,475	1,125	5,345	9.2	3.3	14.7
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	370	35	335	0.5	0.1	0.9
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	6,100	1,095	5,010	8.6	3.2	13.8
Physical and life sciences and technologies	580	275	305	0.8	0.8	0.8
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	250	135	115	0.4	0.4	0.3
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	180	80	100	0.3	0.2	0.3
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	115	50	65	0.2	0.1	0.2
41. Science technologies/technicians	25	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	895	405	495	1.3	1.2	1.4
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	745	350	395	1.1	1.0	1.1
25. Library science	90	10	85	0.1	0.0	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	70	50	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	7,925	7,455	470	11.2	21.8	1.3
04. Architecture and related services	25	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
14. Engineering	455	415	40	0.6	1.2	0.1
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	1,740	1,460	280	2.5	4.3	0.8
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	2,625	2,555	70	3.7	7.5	0.2
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,165	2,125	45	3.1	6.2	0.1
48. Precision production	915	890	25	1.3	2.6	0.1
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,005	645	365	1.4	1.9	1.0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	270	65	200	0.4	0.2	0.5
03. Natural resources and conservation	740	575	165	1.0	1.7	0.5
Health and related fields	5,465	815	4,640	7.7	2.4	12.7
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	165	90	75	0.2	0.3	0.2
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	5,205	695	4,510	7.4	2.0	12.4
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	35	0	25	0.0	0.0	0.1
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	60	30	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Personal, protective and transportation services	4,135	2,855	1,275	5.8	8.3	3.5
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	1,390	300	1,090	2.0	0.9	3.0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	25	25	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
43. Security and protective services	345	295	50	0.5	0.9	0.1
49. Transportation and materials moving	2,365	2,235	125	3.3	6.5	0.3
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	41,190	19,730	21,465	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	17,885	8,980	8,905	43.4	45.5	41.5
Education	1,570	460	1,110	3.8	2.3	5.2
13. Education	1,570	460	1,110	3.8	2.3	5.2
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	305	150	155	0.7	0.8	0.7
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	35	35	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	265	115	155	0.6	0.6	0.7
Humanities	525	220	300	1.3	1.1	1.4
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	20	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
23. English language and literature/letters	130	55	75	0.3	0.3	0.3
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	140	55	85	0.3	0.3	0.4
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	130	80	55	0.3	0.4	0.3
54. History	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	25	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,425	335	1,090	3.5	1.7	5.1
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	60	20	40	0.1	0.1	0.2
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	515	45	465	1.3	0.2	2.2
22. Legal professions and studies	135	25	110	0.3	0.1	0.5
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	360	85	280	0.9	0.4	1.3
45. Social sciences	345	165	185	0.8	0.8	0.9
Business, management and public administration	4,925	795	4,125	12.0	4.0	19.2
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	315	15	300	0.8	0.1	1.4
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	4,600	780	3,825	11.2	4.0	17.8
Physical and life sciences and technologies	410	200	205	1.0	1.0	1.0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	195	110	85	0.5	0.6	0.4
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	115	60	55	0.3	0.3	0.3
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	85	25	60	0.2	0.1	0.3
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	760	350	405	1.8	1.8	1.9
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	655	320	330	1.6	1.6	1.5
25. Library science	60	0	55	0.1	0.0	0.3
27. Mathematics and statistics	45	30	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	5,410	4,990	420	13.1	25.3	2.0
04. Architecture and related services	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
14. Engineering	350	305	40	0.8	1.5	0.2
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	1,400	1,125	275	3.4	5.7	1.3
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	1,800	1,745	50	4.4	8.8	0.2
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,290	1,250	35	3.1	6.3	0.2
48. Precision production	565	560	10	1.4	2.8	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	795	485	310	1.9	2.5	1.4
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	200	45	165	0.5	0.2	0.8
03. Natural resources and conservation	590	440	150	1.4	2.2	0.7
Health and related fields	4,135	635	3,495	10.0	3.2	16.3
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	115	60	55	0.3	0.3	0.3
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	3,930	550	3,380	9.5	2.8	15.7
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	35	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	55	25	35	0.1	0.1	0.2
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,050	2,115	935	7.4	10.7	4.4
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	1,020	210	810	2.5	1.1	3.8
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	20	20	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
43. Security and protective services	280	235	45	0.7	1.2	0.2
49. Transportation and materials moving	1,725	1,655	75	4.2	8.4	0.3
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	41,190	19,730	21,465	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	17,885	8,980	8,905	43.4	45.5	41.5
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	23,305	10,750	12,560	56.6	54.5	58.5
Location of study inside Canada	22,735	10,465	12,275	55.2	53.0	57.2
Same as province or territory of residence	18,770	8,560	10,200	45.6	43.4	47.5
Different than province or territory of residence	3,970	1,905	2,070	9.6	9.7	9.6
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	570	285	285	1.4	1.4	1.3
Americas	145	90	60	0.4	0.5	0.3
United States of America	120	70	45	0.3	0.4	0.2
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	140	60	75	0.3	0.3	0.3
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Ireland⁹⁶	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
United Kingdom⁸⁷	65	35	30	0.2	0.2	0.1
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	25	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Africa	60	35	25	0.1	0.2	0.1
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
South Africa, Republic of	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	215	100	120	0.5	0.5	0.6
Iran⁸⁸	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	80	25	55	0.2	0.1	0.3
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
India	65	40	25	0.2	0.2	0.1
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	70,685	34,260	36,420	...	...	...
In the labour force	35,195	17,660	17,530	...	...	...
Employed	28,215	13,455	14,760	...	...	...
Unemployed	6,970	4,205	2,770	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	35,495	16,605	18,890	...	...	...
Participation rate	49.8	51.5	48.1	49.8	51.5	48.1
Employment rate	39.9	39.3	40.5	39.9	39.3	40.5
Unemployment rate	19.8	23.8	15.8	19.8	23.8	15.8
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	70,685	34,265	36,420	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	33,565	15,580	17,985	47.5	45.5	49.4
Worked	37,120	18,680	18,440	52.5	54.5	50.6
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	15,500	7,200	8,295	21.9	21.0	22.8
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	21,620	11,485	10,140	30.6	33.5	27.8
Average weeks worked in reference year	35.0	33.2	36.7	35.0	33.2	36.7
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	35,190	17,660	17,530	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	1,200	680	520	3.4	3.9	3.0
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	33,990	16,975	17,010	96.6	96.1	97.0
Employee	31,440	15,385	16,045	89.3	87.1	91.5
Permanent position	20,430	9,335	11,095	58.1	52.9	63.3
Temporary position	11,010	6,050	4,955	31.3	34.3	28.3
Fixed term (1 year or more)	1,655	690	965	4.7	3.9	5.5
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	9,350	5,355	3,990	26.6	30.3	22.8
Self-employed¹⁹²	2,555	1,590	960	7.3	9.0	5.5
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	35,190	17,660	17,530	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	1,200	680	520	3.4	3.9	3.0
All occupations¹⁹¹	33,990	16,975	17,010	96.6	96.1	97.0
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	210	95	115	0.6	0.5	0.7
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	3,750	885	2,865	10.7	5.0	16.3
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,345	1,085	260	3.8	6.1	1.5
3 Health occupations	3,535	590	2,955	10.0	3.3	16.9
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	5,365	1,430	3,935	15.2	8.1	22.4
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	535	220	310	1.5	1.2	1.8
6 Sales and service occupations	8,710	3,320	5,395	24.8	18.8	30.8
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	7,235	6,725	510	20.6	38.1	2.9
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,960	1,645	315	5.6	9.3	1.8
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,340	985	360	3.8	5.6	2.1
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	35,190	17,660	17,530	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	1,200	680	520	3.4	3.9	3.0
All industries¹⁹¹	33,990	16,975	17,010	96.6	96.1	97.0
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	2,120	1,650	470	6.0	9.3	2.7
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	830	800	30	2.4	4.5	0.2
22 Utilities	265	235	30	0.8	1.3	0.2
23 Construction	2,760	2,445	315	7.8	13.8	1.8
31-33 Manufacturing	1,610	1,220	390	4.6	6.9	2.2
41 Wholesale trade	635	495	145	1.8	2.8	0.8
44-45 Retail trade	4,780	2,060	2,720	13.6	11.7	15.5
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	2,080	1,535	545	5.9	8.7	3.1
51 Information and cultural industries	310	175	140	0.9	1.0	0.8
52 Finance and insurance	490	125	360	1.4	0.7	2.1
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	235	165	75	0.7	0.9	0.4
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	930	510	415	2.6	2.9	2.4
55 Management of companies and enterprises	30	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	815	415	400	2.3	2.3	2.3
61 Educational services	2,705	920	1,780	7.7	5.2	10.2
62 Health care and social assistance	6,985	1,155	5,830	19.8	6.5	33.3
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	610	335	275	1.7	1.9	1.6
72 Accommodation and food services	2,200	785	1,420	6.3	4.4	8.1
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,340	590	750	3.8	3.3	4.3
91 Public administration	2,255	1,350	905	6.4	7.6	5.2
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	39,970	20,145	19,825	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	39,585	20,005	19,580	99.0	99.3	98.8
French	85	20	60	0.2	0.1	0.3
Non-official language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	260	105	155	0.7	0.5	0.8
English and non-official language(s)	35	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	39,970	20,145	19,825	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	39,960	20,140	19,815	100.0	100.0	99.9
Official languages	39,955	20,140	19,810	100.0	100.0	99.9
English	39,815	20,110	19,700	99.6	99.8	99.4
French	140	35	105	0.4	0.2	0.5
Non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	39,970	20,145	19,825	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	39,680	20,025	19,650	99.3	99.4	99.1
English	60	15	45	0.2	0.1	0.2
French	200	90	105	0.5	0.4	0.5
Non-official language	30	10	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	28,215	13,455	14,765	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	2,275	960	1,315	8.1	7.1	8.9
Worked outside Canada	40	35	10	0.1	0.3	0.1
No fixed workplace address	4,810	3,380	1,425	17.0	25.1	9.7
Usual place of work	21,100	9,085	12,015	74.8	67.5	81.4
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	21,100	9,085	12,015	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	12,235	5,050	7,185	58.0	55.6	59.8
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	6,770	2,665	4,105	32.1	29.3	34.2
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	1,540	910	630	7.3	10.0	5.2
Commute to a different province or territory	555	455	95	2.6	5.0	0.8
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	25,910	12,470	13,440	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	23,090	10,855	12,240	89.1	87.0	91.1
Car, truck or van - as a driver	20,900	9,920	10,985	80.7	79.6	81.7
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	2,185	935	1,250	8.4	7.5	9.3
Public transit	240	185	55	0.9	1.5	0.4
Walked	1,575	635	940	6.1	5.1	7.0
Bicycle	35	25	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Other method	970	775	195	3.7	6.2	1.5
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	25,910	12,470	13,440	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	15,645	7,055	8,590	60.4	56.6	63.9
15 to 29 minutes	5,755	2,770	2,985	22.2	22.2	22.2
30 to 44 minutes	2,240	1,105	1,135	8.6	8.9	8.4
45 to 59 minutes	780	425	360	3.0	3.4	2.7
60 minutes and over	1,485	1,115	370	5.7	8.9	2.8
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	25,910	12,470	13,440	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,320	1,035	275	5.1	8.3	2.0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	2,990	2,090	900	11.5	16.8	6.7
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	7,455	3,895	3,565	28.8	31.2	26.5
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	7,980	3,055	4,925	30.8	24.5	36.6
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	3,100	875	2,230	12.0	7.0	16.6
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	3,070	1,520	1,545	11.8	12.2	11.5
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	12,020	6,290	5,730	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	445	220	225	3.7	3.5	3.9
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	11,575	6,070	5,505	96.3	96.5	96.1
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	9,365	4,895	4,470	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	345	180	170	3.7	3.7	3.8
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	195	100	105	2.1	2.0	2.3
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	145	80	65	1.5	1.6	1.5
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	9,020	4,715	4,305	96.3	96.3	96.3

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not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 18, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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