Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Les Pays-d'en-HautMore information: Quebec [Federal electoral district (2023 Representation Order)]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	..	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	..	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	..	...	...	...	...	...
Total private dwellings²	..	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	..	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	..	...	...	...	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	..	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	106,830	54,285	52,550	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	15,800	8,190	7,605	14.8	15.1	14.5
0 to 4 years	4,905	2,590	2,310	4.6	4.8	4.4
5 to 9 years	5,400	2,825	2,575	5.1	5.2	4.9
10 to 14 years	5,495	2,770	2,720	5.1	5.1	5.2
15 to 64 years	66,480	33,460	33,025	62.2	61.6	62.8
15 to 19 years	4,540	2,315	2,225	4.2	4.3	4.2
20 to 24 years	3,660	1,885	1,775	3.4	3.5	3.4
25 to 29 years	4,730	2,315	2,405	4.4	4.3	4.6
30 to 34 years	5,570	2,805	2,765	5.2	5.2	5.3
35 to 39 years	6,095	2,990	3,100	5.7	5.5	5.9
40 to 44 years	6,525	3,250	3,275	6.1	6.0	6.2
45 to 49 years	6,545	3,315	3,230	6.1	6.1	6.1
50 to 54 years	7,635	3,905	3,735	7.1	7.2	7.1
55 to 59 years	10,035	5,065	4,970	9.4	9.3	9.5
60 to 64 years	11,150	5,615	5,540	10.4	10.3	10.5
65 years and over	24,555	12,630	11,920	23.0	23.3	22.7
65 to 69 years	9,330	4,760	4,575	8.7	8.8	8.7
70 to 74 years	6,760	3,575	3,180	6.3	6.6	6.1
75 to 79 years	4,405	2,335	2,065	4.1	4.3	3.9
80 to 84 years	2,265	1,155	1,110	2.1	2.1	2.1
85 years and over	1,805	810	995	1.7	1.5	1.9
85 to 89 years	1,185	565	610	1.1	1.0	1.2
90 to 94 years	510	210	305	0.5	0.4	0.6
95 to 99 years	90	35	55	0.1	0.1	0.1
100 years and over	20	5	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	14.8	15.1	14.5	14.8	15.1	14.5
15 to 64 years	62.2	61.6	62.8	62.2	61.6	62.8
65 years and over	23.0	23.3	22.7	23.0	23.3	22.7
85 years and over	1.7	1.5	1.9	1.7	1.5	1.9
Average age of the population	45.8	45.7	45.9	45.8	45.7	45.9
Median age of the population	50.0	50.0	50.0	50.0	50.0	50.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	49,090	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	38,920	...	...	79.3	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,535	...	...	3.1	...	...
Row house	755	...	...	1.5	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	3,520	...	...	7.2	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	3,900	...	...	7.9	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	10	...	...	0.0	...	...
Other single-attached house	180	...	...	0.4	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	275	...	...	0.6	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	49,090	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	16,000	...	...	32.6	...	...
2 persons	19,880	...	...	40.5	...	...
3 persons	5,915	...	...	12.0	...	...
4 persons	4,935	...	...	10.1	...	...
5 or more persons	2,365	...	...	4.8	...	...
Number of persons in private households	106,140	53,995	52,145	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	91,035	46,095	44,940	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	56,685	28,370	28,315	62.3	61.5	63.0
Married	28,365	14,205	14,155	31.2	30.8	31.5
Living common-law	28,325	14,165	14,160	31.1	30.7	31.5
Living common law - Never married	21,355	10,635	10,725	23.5	23.1	23.9
Living common law - Separated	315	165	155	0.3	0.4	0.3
Living common law - Divorced	6,015	3,070	2,950	6.6	6.7	6.6
Living common law - Widowed	635	300	340	0.7	0.7	0.8
Not married and not living common-law	34,350	17,720	16,625	37.7	38.4	37.0
Not married and not living common law - Never married	22,320	12,570	9,750	24.5	27.3	21.7
Not married and not living common law - Separated	1,165	630	535	1.3	1.4	1.2
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	6,925	3,310	3,610	7.6	7.2	8.0
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	3,940	1,210	2,735	4.3	2.6	6.1
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	32,125	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	20,020	...	...	62.3	...	...
3 persons	5,565	...	...	17.3	...	...
4 persons	4,675	...	...	14.6	...	...
5 or more persons	1,870	...	...	5.8	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.7	...	...	1.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	32,125	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	28,100	...	...	87.5	...	...
Married couples	13,935	...	...	43.4	...	...
With children⁶	4,225	...	...	13.2	...	...
Without children	9,720	...	...	30.3	...	...
Common-law couples	14,160	...	...	44.1	...	...
With children⁶	6,400	...	...	19.9	...	...
Without children	7,765	...	...	24.2	...	...
Total one-parent families	4,020	...	...	12.5	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	2,655	...	...	8.3	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	1,365	...	...	4.2	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	106,140	53,995	52,145	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	85,365	42,950	42,410	80.4	79.5	81.3
Married spouses or common-law partners	56,200	28,090	28,110	52.9	52.0	53.9
Parents in one-parent families	4,020	1,365	2,655	3.8	2.5	5.1
Children⁶	25,145	13,495	11,650	23.7	25.0	22.3
In a two-parent family	19,185	10,230	8,955	18.1	18.9	17.2
In a one-parent family	5,960	3,265	2,695	5.6	6.0	5.2
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	20,775	11,045	9,735	19.6	20.5	18.7
Living alone	16,000	8,615	7,385	15.1	16.0	14.2
Living with other relatives⁷	1,800	790	1,010	1.7	1.5	1.9
Living with non-relatives only	2,975	1,635	1,345	2.8	3.0	2.6
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	49,095	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	29,830	...	...	60.8	...	...
Couple-family households	26,465	...	...	53.9	...	...
With children⁶	9,925	...	...	20.2	...	...
Without children	16,535	...	...	33.7	...	...
One-parent-family households	3,365	...	...	6.9	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	690	...	...	1.4	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	145	...	...	0.3	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	1,030	...	...	2.1	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	1,400	...	...	2.9	...	...
One-person households	15,995	...	...	32.6	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	90,340	45,805	44,540	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	88,595	45,035	43,560	98.1	98.3	97.8
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,000	47,600	37,600	42,000	47,600	37,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	88,615	45,050	43,565	98.1	98.4	97.8
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,200	41,200	33,600	37,200	41,200	33,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	80,195	41,355	38,835	88.8	90.3	87.2
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,000	40,800	27,400	34,000	40,800	27,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	62,090	32,730	29,360	68.7	71.5	65.9
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,000	40,400	28,400	34,000	40,400	28,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	73,200	35,970	37,225	81.0	78.5	83.6
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,600	12,000	13,000	12,600	12,000	13,000
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	11,400	6,215	5,180	12.6	13.6	11.6
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,760	5,760	5,760	5,760	5,760	5,760
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	27,415	14,720	12,690	30.3	32.1	28.5
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,000	6,000	8,000	7,000	6,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	90,320	45,760	44,560	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	88,600	44,985	43,610	98.1	98.3	97.9
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	53,950	61,900	45,720	53,950	61,900	45,720
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	88,615	45,005	43,610	98.1	98.4	97.9
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,360	48,520	38,040	43,360	48,520	38,040
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	80,140	41,390	38,750	88.7	90.5	87.0
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	47,600	56,300	38,280	47,600	56,300	38,280
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	62,085	32,775	29,310	68.7	71.6	65.8
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,080	53,050	38,280	46,080	53,050	38,280
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	73,305	35,920	37,385	81.2	78.5	83.9
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	13,160	12,630	13,660	13,160	12,630	13,660
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	11,275	6,175	5,100	12.5	13.5	11.4
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,240	6,620	7,990	7,240	6,620	7,990
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	27,655	14,960	12,700	30.6	32.7	28.5
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,300	7,940	8,720	8,300	7,940	8,720
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	90,320	45,760	44,560	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	26,415	14,515	11,900	29.2	31.7	26.7
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	60,400	67,000	53,200	60,400	67,000	53,200
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	72,300	81,000	61,650	72,300	81,000	61,650
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	27,390	13,715	13,670	30.3	30.0	30.7
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	20,600	24,800	17,000	20,600	24,800	17,000
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	30,840	36,440	25,220	30,840	36,440	25,220
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	79.8	83.8	74.4	79.8	83.8	74.4
Employment income (%)¹⁹	59.9	62.4	56.3	59.9	62.4	56.3
Government transfers (%)²⁰	20.2	16.3	25.6	20.2	16.3	25.6
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.7	1.5	2.0	1.7	1.5	2.0
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.4	4.7	6.4	5.4	4.7	6.4
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.8	4.3	5.6	4.8	4.3	5.6
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	90,345	45,805	44,540	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	1,745	765	980	1.9	1.7	2.2
With total income	88,595	45,035	43,560	98.1	98.3	97.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	5,775	2,420	3,360	6.5	5.4	7.7
$10,000 to $19,999	10,020	4,055	5,975	11.3	9.0	13.7
$20,000 to $29,999	14,195	6,585	7,600	16.0	14.6	17.5
$30,000 to $39,999	11,850	5,355	6,500	13.4	11.9	14.9
$40,000 to $49,999	11,140	5,360	5,780	12.6	11.9	13.3
$50,000 to $59,999	8,795	4,575	4,220	9.9	10.2	9.7
$60,000 to $69,999	6,790	3,900	2,885	7.7	8.7	6.6
$70,000 to $79,999	5,040	3,000	2,040	5.7	6.6	4.7
$80,000 to $89,999	3,975	2,355	1,620	4.5	5.2	3.7
$90,000 to $99,999	2,815	1,770	1,045	3.2	3.9	2.4
$100,000 and over	8,200	5,650	2,550	9.2	12.5	5.9
$100,000 to $149,999	5,435	3,670	1,765	6.1	8.1	4.1
$150,000 and over	2,760	1,980	780	3.1	4.4	1.8
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	90,345	45,805	44,540	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	1,730	755	975	1.9	1.6	2.2
With after-tax income	88,615	45,050	43,565	98.1	98.4	97.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	6,405	2,650	3,760	7.2	5.9	8.6
$10,000 to $19,999	10,670	4,355	6,315	12.0	9.7	14.5
$20,000 to $29,999	16,765	7,775	8,990	18.9	17.3	20.6
$30,000 to $39,999	14,770	6,970	7,795	16.7	15.5	17.9
$40,000 to $49,999	12,995	6,810	6,180	14.7	15.1	14.2
$50,000 to $59,999	9,185	5,280	3,910	10.4	11.7	9.0
$60,000 to $69,999	6,415	3,725	2,685	7.2	8.3	6.2
$70,000 to $79,999	3,960	2,445	1,515	4.5	5.4	3.5
$80,000 to $89,999	2,420	1,535	880	2.7	3.4	2.0
$90,000 to $99,999	1,455	975	480	1.6	2.2	1.1
$100,000 and over	3,575	2,525	1,045	4.0	5.6	2.4
$100,000 to $124,999	1,770	1,220	550	2.0	2.7	1.3
$125,000 and over	1,805	1,305	500	2.0	2.9	1.1
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	90,345	45,805	44,540	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	28,250	13,075	15,180	31.3	28.5	34.1
With employment income	62,090	32,730	29,360	68.7	71.5	65.9
Under $5,000 (including loss)	9,770	5,055	4,710	15.7	15.4	16.0
$5,000 to $9,999	5,165	2,235	2,930	8.3	6.8	10.0
$10,000 to $19,999	7,550	3,415	4,135	12.2	10.4	14.1
$20,000 to $29,999	6,280	2,830	3,455	10.1	8.6	11.8
$30,000 to $39,999	5,625	2,690	2,935	9.1	8.2	10.0
$40,000 to $49,999	5,420	2,755	2,665	8.7	8.4	9.1
$50,000 to $59,999	4,795	2,630	2,160	7.7	8.1	7.4
$60,000 to $69,999	3,875	2,335	1,535	6.2	7.1	5.2
$70,000 to $79,999	3,135	1,885	1,255	5.0	5.8	4.3
$80,000 to $89,999	2,880	1,685	1,190	4.6	5.2	4.1
$90,000 to $99,999	1,890	1,215	670	3.0	3.7	2.3
$100,000 and over	5,705	3,995	1,710	9.2	12.2	5.8
$100,000 to $124,999	2,650	1,810	840	4.3	5.5	2.9
$125,000 and over	3,060	2,190	870	4.9	6.7	3.0
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	90,340	45,805	44,540	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	87,405	44,420	42,980	96.8	97.0	96.5
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,400	46,800	34,800	40,400	46,800	34,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	87,480	44,430	43,050	96.8	97.0	96.7
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,600	40,000	31,000	35,600	40,000	31,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	79,320	40,975	38,340	87.8	89.5	86.1
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,000	43,200	29,600	36,000	43,200	29,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	62,945	33,200	29,755	69.7	72.5	66.8
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,000	42,400	30,600	36,000	42,400	30,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	65,140	31,210	33,935	72.1	68.1	76.2
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,000	8,500	9,500	9,000	8,500	9,500
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	10,190	5,665	4,520	11.3	12.4	10.1
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,200	5,040	5,480	5,200	5,040	5,480
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	90,320	45,760	44,560	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	87,405	44,405	42,995	96.8	97.0	96.5
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	52,000	60,550	43,160	52,000	60,550	43,160
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	87,490	44,425	43,070	96.9	97.1	96.7
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,640	47,360	35,760	41,640	47,360	35,760
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	79,335	41,115	38,215	87.8	89.8	85.8
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	49,000	58,100	39,160	49,000	58,100	39,160
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	63,095	33,335	29,755	69.9	72.8	66.8
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	47,160	54,500	38,880	47,160	54,500	38,880
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	64,880	30,995	33,885	71.8	67.7	76.0
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,170	9,660	10,630	10,170	9,660	10,630
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	10,275	5,725	4,550	11.4	12.5	10.2
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,200	6,055	8,630	7,200	6,055	8,630
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	90,320	45,760	44,560	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	26,295	14,455	11,840	29.1	31.6	26.6
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	57,600	65,500	50,400	57,600	65,500	50,400
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	69,100	78,400	57,800	69,100	78,400	57,800
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	26,360	13,290	13,075	29.2	29.0	29.3
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	26,400	32,000	22,400	26,400	32,000	22,400
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	36,720	43,240	30,080	36,720	43,240	30,080
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	85.4	88.8	80.6	85.4	88.8	80.6
Employment income (%)	65.4	67.6	62.3	65.4	67.6	62.3
Government transfers (%)	14.5	11.1	19.4	14.5	11.1	19.4
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.6	1.3	2.1	1.6	1.3	2.1
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	49,090	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	77,500	...	...	77,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	66,500	...	...	66,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	15,995	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	40,800	...	...	40,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	36,000	...	...	36,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	33,095	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	99,000	...	...	99,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	84,000	...	...	84,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	49,020	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	97,500	...	...	97,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	78,400	...	...	78,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	15,880	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	52,500	...	...	52,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	42,560	...	...	42,560	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	33,140	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	119,100	...	...	119,100	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	95,600	...	...	95,600	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	49,090	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	425	...	...	0.9	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	250	...	...	0.5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	550	...	...	1.1	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	875	...	...	1.8	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,425	...	...	4.9	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,720	...	...	3.5	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,755	...	...	3.6	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,025	...	...	4.1	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,180	...	...	4.4	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,060	...	...	4.2	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,930	...	...	8.0	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,790	...	...	7.7	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,370	...	...	6.9	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	3,170	...	...	6.5	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	3,000	...	...	6.1	...	...
$100,000 and over	17,565	...	...	35.8	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	5,935	...	...	12.1	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	3,835	...	...	7.8	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	4,390	...	...	8.9	...	...
$200,000 and over	3,405	...	...	6.9	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	49,090	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	535	...	...	1.1	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	280	...	...	0.6	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	580	...	...	1.2	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	960	...	...	2.0	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,665	...	...	5.4	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	2,070	...	...	4.2	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,150	...	...	4.4	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,550	...	...	5.2	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,640	...	...	5.4	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,480	...	...	5.1	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	4,715	...	...	9.6	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	4,480	...	...	9.1	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,955	...	...	8.1	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	3,735	...	...	7.6	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	3,070	...	...	6.3	...	...
$100,000 and over	12,230	...	...	24.9	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	5,275	...	...	10.7	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	3,195	...	...	6.5	...	...
$150,000 and over	3,760	...	...	7.7	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	32,010	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	99,000	...	...	99,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	84,000	...	...	84,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	16,710	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	88,000	...	...	88,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	75,000	...	...	75,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	10,695	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	130,000	...	...	130,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	108,000	...	...	108,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	3,855	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	68,000	...	...	68,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	60,800	...	...	60,800	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	18,970	10,245	8,725	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	39,600	42,000	37,200	39,600	42,000	37,200
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	34,800	36,800	33,200	34,800	36,800	33,200
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	32,080	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	119,500	...	...	119,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	95,700	...	...	95,700	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	16,745	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	109,200	...	...	109,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	86,600	...	...	86,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	10,660	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	151,200	...	...	151,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	120,600	...	...	120,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	3,890	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	76,400	...	...	76,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	65,700	...	...	65,700	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	18,810	10,135	8,670	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	50,320	53,400	46,760	50,320	53,400	46,760
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	41,160	42,960	39,040	41,160	42,960	39,040
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	106,140	53,995	52,145	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	18,650	9,615	9,040	17.6	17.8	17.3
0 to 5 years	5,950	3,155	2,800	5.6	5.8	5.4
18 to 64 years	63,445	31,970	31,475	59.8	59.2	60.4
65 years and over	24,045	12,410	11,635	22.7	23.0	22.3
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	11,150	5,600	5,550	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	1,645	830	815	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	510	260	250	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	5,715	2,945	2,775	...	...	...
65 years and over	3,790	1,820	1,965	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	10.5	10.4	10.6	10.5	10.4	10.6
0 to 17 years (%)	8.8	8.7	9.0	8.8	8.7	9.0
0 to 5 years (%)	8.6	8.3	9.0	8.6	8.3	9.0
18 to 64 years (%)	9.0	9.2	8.8	9.0	9.2	8.8
65 years and over (%)	15.7	14.7	16.9	15.7	14.7	16.9
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	106,140	53,995	52,145	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	18,650	9,615	9,040	17.6	17.8	17.3
0 to 5 years	5,950	3,155	2,800	5.6	5.8	5.4
18 to 64 years	63,445	31,970	31,475	59.8	59.2	60.4
65 years and over	24,045	12,410	11,635	22.7	23.0	22.3
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	2,615	1,455	1,160	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	315	150	165	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	65	40	30	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	2,000	1,145	850	...	...	...
65 years and over	305	160	140	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.5	2.7	2.2	2.5	2.7	2.2
0 to 17 years (%)	1.7	1.6	1.8	1.7	1.6	1.8
0 to 5 years (%)	1.1	1.2	1.0	1.1	1.2	1.0
18 to 64 years (%)	3.2	3.6	2.7	3.2	3.6	2.7
65 years and over (%)	1.3	1.3	1.2	1.3	1.3	1.2
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	106,140	53,995	52,145	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	57,095	28,630	28,460	53.8	53.0	54.6
In bottom decile	9,545	4,855	4,690	9.0	9.0	9.0
In second decile	11,155	5,410	5,745	10.5	10.0	11.0
In third decile	11,910	5,935	5,975	11.2	11.0	11.5
In fourth decile	12,225	6,175	6,050	11.5	11.4	11.6
In fifth decile	12,255	6,250	6,005	11.5	11.6	11.5
In top half of the distribution	49,050	25,365	23,685	46.2	47.0	45.4
In sixth decile	11,870	6,140	5,725	11.2	11.4	11.0
In seventh decile	11,190	5,745	5,445	10.5	10.6	10.4
In eighth decile	10,060	5,140	4,920	9.5	9.5	9.4
In ninth decile	8,445	4,440	4,005	8.0	8.2	7.7
In top decile	7,485	3,895	3,585	7.1	7.2	6.9
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	106,140	...	...	106,140	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.332	...	...	0.332	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.459	...	...	0.459	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.282	...	...	0.282	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.4	...	...	3.4	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	106,520	54,155	52,360	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	1,815	970	845	1.7	1.8	1.6
French only	48,880	23,715	25,165	45.9	43.8	48.1
English and French	55,720	29,420	26,300	52.3	54.3	50.2
Neither English nor French	100	50	50	0.1	0.1	0.1
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	106,520	54,155	52,360	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	7,395	3,950	3,440	6.9	7.3	6.6
French	97,925	49,585	48,340	91.9	91.6	92.3
English and French	1,120	585	530	1.1	1.1	1.0
Neither English nor French	80	35	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	106,520	54,155	52,360	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	104,235	52,970	51,260	97.9	97.8	97.9
Official languages	101,315	51,505	49,815	95.1	95.1	95.1
English	5,975	3,240	2,740	5.6	6.0	5.2
French	95,340	48,265	47,080	89.5	89.1	89.9
Non-official languages	2,925	1,470	1,450	2.7	2.7	2.8
Indigenous languages³⁹	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	2,910	1,470	1,445	2.7	2.7	2.8
Afro-Asiatic languages	230	140	85	0.2	0.3	0.2
Berber languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	220	135	85	0.2	0.2	0.2
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	210	130	80	0.2	0.2	0.2
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	55	30	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	45	25	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	45	5	35	0.0	0.0	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	25	5	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	60	25	35	0.1	0.0	0.1
Haitian Creole	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	2,280	1,160	1,120	2.1	2.1	2.1
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	25	15	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	455	220	240	0.4	0.4	0.5
Baltic languages	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	445	215	230	0.4	0.4	0.4
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	25	15	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	135	60	70	0.1	0.1	0.1
Russian	175	75	105	0.2	0.1	0.2
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	30	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	10	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	35	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	315	145	165	0.3	0.3	0.3
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	230	110	125	0.2	0.2	0.2
German	215	100	115	0.2	0.2	0.2
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	65	30	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	50	25	30	0.0	0.0	0.1
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	100	65	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Iranian languages	45	35	15	0.0	0.1	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	15	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	30	20	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	30	20	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,335	690	645	1.3	1.3	1.2
Catalan	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	400	245	155	0.4	0.5	0.3
Portuguese	160	80	75	0.2	0.1	0.1
Romanian	170	85	85	0.2	0.2	0.2
Spanish	600	275	325	0.6	0.5	0.6
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	95	35	60	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages	90	35	60	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	70	30	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	50	25	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	45	20	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	2,280	1,185	1,095	2.1	2.2	2.1
English and French	1,835	950	885	1.7	1.8	1.7
English and non-official language(s)	115	60	55	0.1	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	195	90	100	0.2	0.2	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	95	60	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	35	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	106,520	54,155	52,360	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	5,105	2,700	2,410	4.8	5.0	4.6
French	92,100	46,755	45,350	86.5	86.3	86.6
Non-official language	435	225	210	0.4	0.4	0.4
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	435	225	210	0.4	0.4	0.4
English and French	6,680	3,395	3,280	6.3	6.3	6.3
English and non-official language(s)	315	155	165	0.3	0.3	0.3
French and non-official language(s)	815	375	445	0.8	0.7	0.8
English, French and non-official language(s)	1,045	545	495	1.0	1.0	0.9
Multiple non-official languages	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	106,520	54,155	52,360	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	104,395	53,110	51,285	98.0	98.1	97.9
Official languages	103,590	52,690	50,905	97.2	97.3	97.2
English	6,815	3,595	3,220	6.4	6.6	6.1
French	96,780	49,090	47,685	90.9	90.6	91.1
Non-official languages	800	420	380	0.8	0.8	0.7
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	800	420	380	0.8	0.8	0.7
Afro-Asiatic languages	45	25	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	45	25	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	40	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	10	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	20	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	615	310	300	0.6	0.6	0.6
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	190	95	95	0.2	0.2	0.2
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	190	95	95	0.2	0.2	0.2
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	20	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	45	25	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	105	50	50	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	35	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	25	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	20	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	10	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	10	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	340	165	175	0.3	0.3	0.3
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	90	50	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Spanish	205	100	105	0.2	0.2	0.2
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	20	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	40	25	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	30	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	45	25	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	45	25	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	35	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	2,125	1,050	1,075	2.0	1.9	2.1
English and French	1,720	855	870	1.6	1.6	1.7
English and non-official language(s)	95	50	50	0.1	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	215	100	120	0.2	0.2	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	85	45	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	106,520	54,155	52,360	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	99,550	50,620	48,930	93.5	93.5	93.4
English	3,905	1,975	1,930	3.7	3.6	3.7
French	1,455	770	680	1.4	1.4	1.3
Non-official language	780	350	425	0.7	0.6	0.8
Indigenous³⁹	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	770	350	415	0.7	0.6	0.8
English and French	110	60	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and non-official language(s)	395	210	185	0.4	0.4	0.4
French and non-official language(s)	250	135	120	0.2	0.2	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	60	35	25	0.1	0.1	0.0
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	106,175	53,985	52,190	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	106,095	53,950	52,140	99.9	99.9	99.9
English	57,365	30,430	26,935	54.0	56.4	51.6
French	104,355	53,035	51,315	98.3	98.2	98.3
Non-official languages	7,990	3,835	4,160	7.5	7.1	8.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	7,965	3,820	4,145	7.5	7.1	7.9
Afro-Asiatic languages	450	275	170	0.4	0.5	0.3
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	450	275	170	0.4	0.5	0.3
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	400	235	165	0.4	0.4	0.3
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	50	40	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	60	15	40	0.1	0.0	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	50	10	40	0.0	0.0	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	75	25	45	0.1	0.0	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	65	25	45	0.1	0.0	0.1
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	155	75	75	0.1	0.1	0.1
Haitian Creole	80	35	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	40	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	6,920	3,320	3,605	6.5	6.1	6.9
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	40	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	530	275	255	0.5	0.5	0.5
Baltic languages	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	520	270	250	0.5	0.5	0.5
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	55	30	25	0.1	0.1	0.0
Czech	40	35	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	220	120	105	0.2	0.2	0.2
Russian	205	95	105	0.2	0.2	0.2
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	15	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	60	25	35	0.1	0.0	0.1
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	860	455	405	0.8	0.8	0.8
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	715	380	330	0.7	0.7	0.6
German	655	345	315	0.6	0.6	0.6
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	25	25	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	40	25	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	150	75	70	0.1	0.1	0.1
Afrikaans	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	115	65	55	0.1	0.1	0.1
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	30	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	165	100	65	0.2	0.2	0.1
Indo-Iranian languages	55	35	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	45	30	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	40	25	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	30	20	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	5,610	2,615	2,995	5.3	4.8	5.7
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	1,115	590	530	1.1	1.1	1.0
Portuguese	395	225	175	0.4	0.4	0.3
Romanian	295	160	130	0.3	0.3	0.2
Spanish	4,290	1,905	2,385	4.0	3.5	4.6
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	40	30	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Korean	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	30	20	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	125	40	85	0.1	0.1	0.2
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	110	30	80	0.1	0.1	0.2
Sign languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	190	90	100	0.2	0.2	0.2
Chinese languages	190	90	100	0.2	0.2	0.2
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	170	85	90	0.2	0.2	0.2
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	40	10	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	40	10	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	95	45	50	0.1	0.1	0.1
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	80	40	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	106,180	53,985	52,190	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	1,820	910	910	1.7	1.7	1.7
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	1,700	850	850	1.6	1.6	1.6
First Nations (North American Indian)	975	475	500	0.9	0.9	1.0
Métis	670	345	325	0.6	0.6	0.6
Inuk (Inuit)	55	35	20	0.1	0.1	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	55	30	25	0.1	0.1	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	70	30	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-Indigenous identity	104,350	53,075	51,280	98.3	98.3	98.3
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	106,180	53,985	52,190	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	270	130	135	0.3	0.2	0.3
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	105,905	53,855	52,055	99.7	99.8	99.7
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	49,020	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	39,645	...	...	80.9	...	...
Renter	9,375	...	...	19.1	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	49,020	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	3,150	...	...	6.4	...	...
Not condominium	45,870	...	...	93.6	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	49,020	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	95	...	...	0.2	...	...
1 bedroom	5,505	...	...	11.2	...	...
2 bedrooms	15,620	...	...	31.9	...	...
3 bedrooms	18,720	...	...	38.2	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	9,075	...	...	18.5	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	49,020	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	11,070	...	...	22.6	...	...
5 rooms	8,480	...	...	17.3	...	...
6 rooms	7,880	...	...	16.1	...	...
7 rooms	7,035	...	...	14.4	...	...
8 or more rooms	14,555	...	...	29.7	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.4	...	...	6.4	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	49,020	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	48,825	...	...	99.6	...	...
More than one person per room	195	...	...	0.4	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	49,020	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	47,985	...	...	97.9	...	...
Not suitable	1,035	...	...	2.1	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	49,020	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	6,695	...	...	13.7	...	...
1961 to 1980	12,345	...	...	25.2	...	...
1981 to 1990	6,070	...	...	12.4	...	...
1991 to 2000	5,980	...	...	12.2	...	...
2001 to 2005	4,150	...	...	8.5	...	...
2006 to 2010	5,345	...	...	10.9	...	...
2011 to 2015	4,545	...	...	9.3	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	3,880	...	...	7.9	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	49,020	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	45,725	...	...	93.3	...	...
Major repairs needed	3,295	...	...	6.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	49,020	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	25,755	...	...	52.5	...	...
Two-maintainer household	22,230	...	...	45.3	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	1,035	...	...	2.1	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	49,020	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	550	...	...	1.1	...	...
25 to 34 years	4,830	...	...	9.9	...	...
35 to 44 years	7,145	...	...	14.6	...	...
45 to 54 years	8,400	...	...	17.1	...	...
55 to 64 years	12,715	...	...	25.9	...	...
65 to 74 years	10,030	...	...	20.5	...	...
75 to 84 years	4,260	...	...	8.7	...	...
85 years and over	1,090	...	...	2.2	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	48,890	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	41,070	...	...	84.0	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	7,815	...	...	16.0	...	...
30% to less than 100%	7,095	...	...	14.5	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	49,020	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	11,285	...	...	23.0	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	7,085	...	...	14.5	...	...
Not suitable only	855	...	...	1.7	...	...
Major repairs needed only	2,510	...	...	5.1	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	55	...	...	0.1	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	660	...	...	1.3	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	100	...	...	0.2	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	20	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	37,735	...	...	77.0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	48,165	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	2,240	...	...	4.7	...	...
Not in core need	45,925	...	...	95.3	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	39,630	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	65.4	...	...	65.4	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	12.3	...	...	12.3	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,050	...	...	1,050	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,159	...	...	1,159	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	332,000	...	...	332,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	378,800	...	...	378,800	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	9,375	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	4.6	...	...	4.6	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	31.6	...	...	31.6	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	13.5	...	...	13.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	860	...	...	860	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	923	...	...	923	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	106,175	53,985	52,190	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	1,670	820	855	1.6	1.5	1.6
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	1,625	805	815	1.5	1.5	1.6
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	1,320	650	665	1.2	1.2	1.3
Métis single ancestry	270	140	125	0.3	0.3	0.2
Inuit single ancestry	40	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	50	15	35	0.0	0.0	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	50	15	35	0.0	0.0	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	3,170	1,540	1,630	3.0	2.9	3.1
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	3,150	1,525	1,625	3.0	2.8	3.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	2,875	1,390	1,490	2.7	2.6	2.9
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	235	105	130	0.2	0.2	0.2
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	40	25	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	20	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	101,335	51,625	49,710	95.4	95.6	95.2
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	106,180	53,985	52,195	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	104,740	53,250	51,485	98.6	98.6	98.6
Canadian citizens aged under 18	18,570	9,600	8,975	17.5	17.8	17.2
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	86,165	43,650	42,510	81.1	80.9	81.4
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	1,440	735	705	1.4	1.4	1.4
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	106,180	53,985	52,195	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	100,400	50,975	49,425	94.6	94.4	94.7
Immigrants⁸¹	5,505	2,880	2,630	5.2	5.3	5.0
Before 1980	1,760	975	790	1.7	1.8	1.5
1980 to 1990	620	310	310	0.6	0.6	0.6
1991 to 2000	870	455	415	0.8	0.8	0.8
2001 to 2010	1,270	625	640	1.2	1.2	1.2
2011 to 2021⁸²	980	510	470	0.9	0.9	0.9
2011 to 2015	530	265	255	0.5	0.5	0.5
2016 to 2021	450	240	210	0.4	0.4	0.4
Non-permanent residents⁸³	270	130	140	0.3	0.2	0.3
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	5,505	2,880	2,630	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	640	370	275	11.6	12.8	10.5
5 to 14 years	915	515	405	16.6	17.9	15.4
15 to 24 years	1,075	525	550	19.5	18.2	20.9
25 to 44 years	2,405	1,260	1,140	43.7	43.8	43.3
45 years and over	470	215	255	8.5	7.5	9.7
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	5,505	2,880	2,630	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	850	385	465	15.4	13.4	17.7
Brazil	35	10	20	0.6	0.3	0.8
Colombia	75	30	45	1.4	1.0	1.7
El Salvador	30	15	15	0.5	0.5	0.6
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	80	40	40	1.5	1.4	1.5
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	100	45	50	1.8	1.6	1.9
Peru	15	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.4
Trinidad and Tobago	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
United States of America	170	55	110	3.1	1.9	4.2
Other places of birth in Americas	345	185	160	6.3	6.4	6.1
Europe	3,685	2,000	1,690	66.9	69.4	64.3
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	1,730	945	790	31.4	32.8	30.0
Germany	170	80	90	3.1	2.8	3.4
Greece	60	45	20	1.1	1.6	0.8
Hungary	45	20	25	0.8	0.7	1.0
Italy	225	150	75	4.1	5.2	2.9
Netherlands	40	15	30	0.7	0.5	1.1
Poland	140	75	75	2.5	2.6	2.9
Portugal	100	45	60	1.8	1.6	2.3
Romania	240	125	115	4.4	4.3	4.4
Russian Federation	45	10	35	0.8	0.3	1.3
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	40	15	25	0.7	0.5	1.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	220	140	75	4.0	4.9	2.9
Other places of birth in Europe	615	340	280	11.2	11.8	10.6
Africa	385	220	165	7.0	7.6	6.3
Algeria	95	55	45	1.7	1.9	1.7
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	30	20	10	0.5	0.7	0.4
Egypt	45	40	0	0.8	1.4	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	80	35	45	1.5	1.2	1.7
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	135	70	70	2.5	2.4	2.7
Asia	565	260	305	10.3	9.0	11.6
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	25	20	10	0.5	0.7	0.4
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	135	75	65	2.5	2.6	2.5
Syria⁸⁹	25	15	0	0.5	0.5	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	90	35	60	1.6	1.2	2.3
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	10	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Taiwan	25	0	15	0.5	0.0	0.6
Philippines	70	10	60	1.3	0.3	2.3
Viet Nam	65	25	35	1.2	0.9	1.3
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	15	10	10	0.3	0.3	0.4
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	90	55	40	1.6	1.9	1.5
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	15	15	0	0.3	0.5	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	450	240	210	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	60	20	40	13.3	8.3	19.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	15	0	15	3.3	0.0	7.1
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	15	0	10	3.3	0.0	4.8
United States of America	20	10	10	4.4	4.2	4.8
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	10	0	0	2.2	0.0	0.0
Europe	305	200	105	67.8	83.3	50.0
France	240	155	90	53.3	64.6	42.9
Germany	10	10	0	2.2	4.2	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	15	15	0	3.3	6.3	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	35	25	10	7.8	10.4	4.8
Africa	30	0	25	6.7	0.0	11.9
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	25	0	20	5.6	0.0	9.5
Asia	50	0	45	11.1	0.0	21.4
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	20	0	20	4.4	0.0	9.5
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	15	0	15	3.3	0.0	7.1
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	106,175	53,985	52,190	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	6,315	3,280	3,035	5.9	6.1	5.8
Second generation¹⁰¹	5,700	3,090	2,610	5.4	5.7	5.0
Third generation or more¹⁰²	94,160	47,615	46,550	88.7	88.2	89.2
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	3,740	1,905	1,840	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	2,325	1,250	1,075	62.2	65.6	58.4
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	1,160	740	420	31.0	38.8	22.8
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	1,160	505	655	31.0	26.5	35.6
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	1,130	505	620	30.2	26.5	33.7
Refugees¹⁰⁸	255	145	110	6.8	7.6	6.0
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	30	0	30	0.8	0.0	1.6
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	3,740	1,905	1,840	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	180	100	80	4.8	5.2	4.3
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	705	425	275	18.9	22.3	14.9
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	105	35	70	2.8	1.8	3.8
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	180	85	95	4.8	4.5	5.2
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	35	10	25	0.9	0.5	1.4
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	2,540	1,245	1,295	67.9	65.4	70.4
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	106,175	53,985	52,190	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	2,050	1,005	1,045	1.9	1.9	2.0
South Asian	50	20	30	0.0	0.0	0.1
Chinese	255	95	160	0.2	0.2	0.3
Black	510	285	220	0.5	0.5	0.4
Filipino	100	25	70	0.1	0.0	0.1
Arab	280	170	110	0.3	0.3	0.2
Latin American	490	240	250	0.5	0.4	0.5
Southeast Asian	180	65	115	0.2	0.1	0.2
West Asian	45	30	15	0.0	0.1	0.0
Korean	35	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	45	20	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple visible minorities	40	30	20	0.0	0.1	0.0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	104,125	52,980	51,145	98.1	98.1	98.0
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	106,175	53,985	52,195	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	36,285	18,385	17,895	34.2	34.1	34.3
English	2,620	1,375	1,250	2.5	2.5	2.4
Irish	6,845	3,185	3,665	6.4	5.9	7.0
Scottish	3,230	1,535	1,695	3.0	2.8	3.2
French, n.o.s.¹²²	30,810	15,870	14,940	29.0	29.4	28.6
German	2,260	1,095	1,165	2.1	2.0	2.2
Chinese	245	80	165	0.2	0.1	0.3
Italian	3,540	1,815	1,725	3.3	3.4	3.3
Indian (India)	110	60	55	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ukrainian	495	240	250	0.5	0.4	0.5
Dutch	325	165	160	0.3	0.3	0.3
Polish	905	460	445	0.9	0.9	0.9
Québécois	14,285	7,095	7,190	13.5	13.1	13.8
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	605	300	305	0.6	0.6	0.6
Filipino	115	40	80	0.1	0.1	0.2
French Canadian	8,060	4,170	3,890	7.6	7.7	7.5
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	1,710	845	865	1.6	1.6	1.7
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	2,170	950	1,225	2.0	1.8	2.3
Métis	570	275	295	0.5	0.5	0.6
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	1,680	900	770	1.6	1.7	1.5
Russian	435	195	240	0.4	0.4	0.5
Norwegian	120	65	60	0.1	0.1	0.1
Welsh	110	65	50	0.1	0.1	0.1
Portuguese	540	320	220	0.5	0.6	0.4
American	595	265	330	0.6	0.5	0.6
Spanish	685	345	335	0.6	0.6	0.6
Swedish	85	30	55	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hungarian	335	155	180	0.3	0.3	0.3
Acadian	1,250	610	635	1.2	1.1	1.2
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	145	55	95	0.1	0.1	0.2
Jewish	320	185	135	0.3	0.3	0.3
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	120	55	65	0.1	0.1	0.1
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	125	75	50	0.1	0.1	0.1
Greek	355	205	150	0.3	0.4	0.3
Jamaican	55	25	25	0.1	0.0	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	110	60	55	0.1	0.1	0.1
Korean	35	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	415	205	215	0.4	0.4	0.4
Lebanese	380	200	185	0.4	0.4	0.4
Iranian	40	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	855	440	415	0.8	0.8	0.8
Danish	60	40	20	0.1	0.1	0.0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	630	330	295	0.6	0.6	0.6
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	225	100	130	0.2	0.2	0.2
Belgian	945	525	420	0.9	1.0	0.8
Haitian	290	175	115	0.3	0.3	0.2
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	170	80	85	0.2	0.1	0.2
Mennonite	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	450	245	205	0.4	0.5	0.4
Finnish	55	25	30	0.1	0.0	0.1
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	50	25	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	30	20	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	205	120	90	0.2	0.2	0.2
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	60	40	20	0.1	0.1	0.0
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	130	80	50	0.1	0.1	0.1
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	135	30	105	0.1	0.1	0.2
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	15	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombian	105	50	55	0.1	0.1	0.1
Moroccan	105	50	55	0.1	0.1	0.1
Czech	45	35	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Syrian	95	45	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	30	10	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Newfoundlander	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	70	35	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Persian	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	25	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	55	25	30	0.1	0.0	0.1
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	75	45	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	145	70	75	0.1	0.1	0.1
Brazilian	105	45	60	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	70	35	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slovak	110	75	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	55	35	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	30	15	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	50	40	15	0.0	0.1	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	60	45	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
Algonquin	315	180	135	0.3	0.3	0.3
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	60	45	15	0.1	0.1	0.0
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	30	20	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Palestinian	45	20	20	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	110	40	70	0.1	0.1	0.1
Congolese	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	30	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	65	25	45	0.1	0.0	0.1
New Brunswicker	65	40	25	0.1	0.1	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	25	20	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	145	85	55	0.1	0.2	0.1
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	60	35	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Albertan	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	30	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	50	20	30	0.0	0.0	0.1
Tunisian	30	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	50	30	25	0.0	0.1	0.0
Cuban	110	75	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	15	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	130	65	65	0.1	0.1	0.1
Latvian	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	25	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	30	10	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	20	10	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	45	10	35	0.0	0.0	0.1
Argentinian	25	15	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	120	70	50	0.1	0.1	0.1
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	35	0	35	0.0	0.0	0.1
Dominican	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	30	20	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	185	80	100	0.2	0.1	0.2
Moldovan	25	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	190	75	115	0.2	0.1	0.2
New Zealander	30	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	350	175	180	0.3	0.3	0.3
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	15	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	180	110	70	0.2	0.2	0.1
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	300	140	160	0.3	0.3	0.3
Norman	160	80	90	0.2	0.1	0.2
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	35	20	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	50	40	15	0.0	0.1	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	40	25	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	60	15	45	0.1	0.0	0.1
Uruguayan	45	15	25	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	106,175	53,985	52,190	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	125	45	85	0.1	0.1	0.2
Christian	68,715	34,485	34,230	64.7	63.9	65.6
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	3,770	1,895	1,870	3.6	3.5	3.6
Anabaptist	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	670	305	365	0.6	0.6	0.7
Baptist	145	80	65	0.1	0.1	0.1
Catholic	61,685	30,930	30,760	58.1	57.3	58.9
Christian Orthodox	525	270	260	0.5	0.5	0.5
Jehovah's Witness	450	220	225	0.4	0.4	0.4
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lutheran	65	30	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	35	30	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	95	45	50	0.1	0.1	0.1
Presbyterian	70	45	25	0.1	0.1	0.0
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	225	115	110	0.2	0.2	0.2
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	940	510	430	0.9	0.9	0.8
Hindu	15	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	410	225	185	0.4	0.4	0.4
Muslim	265	155	110	0.2	0.3	0.2
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	195	100	100	0.2	0.2	0.2
No religion and secular perspectives	36,435	18,960	17,480	34.3	35.1	33.5
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	105,265	53,530	51,740	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	91,325	46,600	44,730	86.8	87.1	86.5
Movers	13,935	6,925	7,010	13.2	12.9	13.5
Non-migrants	3,310	1,605	1,710	3.1	3.0	3.3
Migrants	10,625	5,330	5,305	10.1	10.0	10.3
Internal migrants	10,415	5,215	5,200	9.9	9.7	10.1
Intraprovincial migrants	10,150	5,065	5,085	9.6	9.5	9.8
Interprovincial migrants	265	150	115	0.3	0.3	0.2
External migrants	210	115	100	0.2	0.2	0.2
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	101,270	51,350	49,925	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	57,375	29,795	27,580	56.7	58.0	55.2
Movers	43,895	21,550	22,345	43.3	42.0	44.8
Non-migrants	6,480	3,125	3,350	6.4	6.1	6.7
Migrants	37,415	18,425	18,990	36.9	35.9	38.0
Internal migrants	36,775	18,110	18,665	36.3	35.3	37.4
Intraprovincial migrants	36,000	17,690	18,305	35.5	34.4	36.7
Interprovincial migrants	775	420	355	0.8	0.8	0.7
External migrants	640	315	325	0.6	0.6	0.7
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	90,320	45,760	44,560	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	17,345	10,240	7,105	19.2	22.4	15.9
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	72,975	35,520	37,455	80.8	77.6	84.1
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	58,185	29,145	29,040	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	8,955	5,780	3,170	15.4	19.8	10.9
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	49,230	23,365	25,865	84.6	80.2	89.1
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	90,315	45,760	44,560	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	14,655	8,345	6,310	16.2	18.2	14.2
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	20,930	10,130	10,800	23.2	22.1	24.2
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	54,735	27,290	27,445	60.6	59.6	61.6
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	37,555	19,850	17,700	41.6	43.4	39.7
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	17,305	10,725	6,580	19.2	23.4	14.8
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	12,055	6,375	5,680	13.3	13.9	12.7
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	5,250	4,350	900	5.8	9.5	2.0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	16,400	7,430	8,970	18.2	16.2	20.1
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	3,845	1,695	2,145	4.3	3.7	4.8
Bachelor's degree or higher	17,180	7,435	9,740	19.0	16.2	21.9
Bachelor's degree	11,520	4,815	6,700	12.8	10.5	15.0
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,535	650	885	1.7	1.4	2.0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	545	275	270	0.6	0.6	0.6
Master's degree	3,085	1,385	1,700	3.4	3.0	3.8
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	495	310	185	0.5	0.7	0.4
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	58,185	29,145	29,040	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	6,930	4,360	2,570	11.9	15.0	8.8
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	11,265	5,675	5,590	19.4	19.5	19.2
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	39,990	19,110	20,880	68.7	65.6	71.9
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	27,810	14,540	13,275	47.8	49.9	45.7
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	13,540	8,245	5,295	23.3	28.3	18.2
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	9,480	4,875	4,605	16.3	16.7	15.9
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	4,060	3,370	685	7.0	11.6	2.4
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	11,610	5,130	6,475	20.0	17.6	22.3
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,665	1,165	1,500	4.6	4.0	5.2
Bachelor's degree or higher	12,180	4,570	7,610	20.9	15.7	26.2
Bachelor's degree	8,405	3,125	5,280	14.4	10.7	18.2
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,050	350	700	1.8	1.2	2.4
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	380	150	235	0.7	0.5	0.8
Master's degree	2,070	785	1,280	3.6	2.7	4.4
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	270	160	115	0.5	0.5	0.4
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	90,320	45,760	44,560	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	35,585	18,470	17,115	39.4	40.4	38.4
Education	4,125	1,030	3,095	4.6	2.3	6.9
13. Education	4,125	1,030	3,095	4.6	2.3	6.9
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	2,195	885	1,315	2.4	1.9	3.0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	230	185	40	0.3	0.4	0.1
50. Visual and performing arts	1,965	695	1,270	2.2	1.5	2.9
Humanities	2,765	990	1,770	3.1	2.2	4.0
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	375	30	345	0.4	0.1	0.8
23. English language and literature/letters	65	15	50	0.1	0.0	0.1
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	1,535	635	905	1.7	1.4	2.0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	20	15	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	130	75	50	0.1	0.2	0.1
39. Theology and religious vocations	85	40	45	0.1	0.1	0.1
54. History	135	75	55	0.1	0.2	0.1
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	425	110	315	0.5	0.2	0.7
Social and behavioural sciences and law	4,960	1,570	3,390	5.5	3.4	7.6
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	75	35	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	715	260	455	0.8	0.6	1.0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	935	85	850	1.0	0.2	1.9
22. Legal professions and studies	1,020	425	600	1.1	0.9	1.3
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	105	20	85	0.1	0.0	0.2
42. Psychology	870	175	700	1.0	0.4	1.6
45. Social sciences	1,235	570	660	1.4	1.2	1.5
Business, management and public administration	12,230	4,520	7,715	13.5	9.9	17.3
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	790	155	630	0.9	0.3	1.4
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	11,440	4,355	7,080	12.7	9.5	15.9
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,440	790	660	1.6	1.7	1.5
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	460	180	280	0.5	0.4	0.6
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	445	275	175	0.5	0.6	0.4
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	135	70	65	0.1	0.2	0.1
40. Physical sciences	310	230	75	0.3	0.5	0.2
41. Science technologies/technicians	95	30	65	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,485	1,040	445	1.6	2.3	1.0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,240	910	335	1.4	2.0	0.8
25. Library science	70	10	60	0.1	0.0	0.1
27. Mathematics and statistics	130	85	45	0.1	0.2	0.1
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	45	40	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	12,420	11,395	1,025	13.8	24.9	2.3
04. Architecture and related services	545	355	190	0.6	0.8	0.4
14. Engineering	1,385	1,220	160	1.5	2.7	0.4
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	2,390	2,125	265	2.6	4.6	0.6
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	3,165	3,025	135	3.5	6.6	0.3
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,910	2,780	135	3.2	6.1	0.3
48. Precision production	2,020	1,890	135	2.2	4.1	0.3
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,220	640	585	1.4	1.4	1.3
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	880	385	500	1.0	0.8	1.1
03. Natural resources and conservation	340	255	85	0.4	0.6	0.2
Health and related fields	6,685	1,375	5,305	7.4	3.0	11.9
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	525	260	265	0.6	0.6	0.6
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	5,965	1,010	4,955	6.6	2.2	11.1
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	175	105	75	0.2	0.2	0.2
Personal, protective and transportation services	5,200	3,050	2,150	5.8	6.7	4.8
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	2,310	600	1,710	2.6	1.3	3.8
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	1,165	925	240	1.3	2.0	0.5
49. Transportation and materials moving	1,710	1,510	200	1.9	3.3	0.4
Other¹⁷⁹	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	58,180	29,145	29,040	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	18,195	10,035	8,160	31.3	34.4	28.1
Education	2,750	615	2,135	4.7	2.1	7.4
13. Education	2,750	615	2,135	4.7	2.1	7.4
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,650	645	1,010	2.8	2.2	3.5
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	185	145	40	0.3	0.5	0.1
50. Visual and performing arts	1,475	500	970	2.5	1.7	3.3
Humanities	1,580	490	1,090	2.7	1.7	3.8
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	210	10	200	0.4	0.0	0.7
23. English language and literature/letters	50	0	45	0.1	0.0	0.2
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	950	355	595	1.6	1.2	2.0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	35	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
39. Theology and religious vocations	25	20	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
54. History	70	35	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	230	40	190	0.4	0.1	0.7
Social and behavioural sciences and law	3,565	875	2,690	6.1	3.0	9.3
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	55	25	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	545	160	380	0.9	0.5	1.3
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	770	55	720	1.3	0.2	2.5
22. Legal professions and studies	670	220	450	1.2	0.8	1.5
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	70	10	60	0.1	0.0	0.2
42. Psychology	610	75	530	1.0	0.3	1.8
45. Social sciences	840	325	515	1.4	1.1	1.8
Business, management and public administration	8,780	2,885	5,895	15.1	9.9	20.3
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	545	90	455	0.9	0.3	1.6
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	8,230	2,790	5,435	14.1	9.6	18.7
Physical and life sciences and technologies	900	435	460	1.5	1.5	1.6
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	340	105	235	0.6	0.4	0.8
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	260	155	105	0.4	0.5	0.4
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
40. Physical sciences	210	145	65	0.4	0.5	0.2
41. Science technologies/technicians	55	20	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,150	815	335	2.0	2.8	1.2
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,015	750	265	1.7	2.6	0.9
25. Library science	45	0	45	0.1	0.0	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	70	45	25	0.1	0.2	0.1
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	25	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	9,415	8,500	910	16.2	29.2	3.1
04. Architecture and related services	410	255	155	0.7	0.9	0.5
14. Engineering	1,040	905	135	1.8	3.1	0.5
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	1,755	1,485	260	3.0	5.1	0.9
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	2,440	2,315	125	4.2	7.9	0.4
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,290	2,170	120	3.9	7.4	0.4
48. Precision production	1,485	1,365	120	2.6	4.7	0.4
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,000	510	485	1.7	1.7	1.7
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	730	320	405	1.3	1.1	1.4
03. Natural resources and conservation	265	190	75	0.5	0.7	0.3
Health and related fields	5,025	915	4,110	8.6	3.1	14.2
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	400	190	210	0.7	0.7	0.7
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	4,485	670	3,815	7.7	2.3	13.1
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	130	55	70	0.2	0.2	0.2
Personal, protective and transportation services	4,170	2,415	1,750	7.2	8.3	6.0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	1,820	450	1,365	3.1	1.5	4.7
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
43. Security and protective services	920	715	215	1.6	2.5	0.7
49. Transportation and materials moving	1,410	1,240	170	2.4	4.3	0.6
Other¹⁷⁹	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	58,180	29,145	29,040	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	18,195	10,035	8,160	31.3	34.4	28.1
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	39,990	19,110	20,880	68.7	65.6	71.9
Location of study inside Canada	38,145	18,175	19,975	65.6	62.4	68.8
Same as province or territory of residence	37,100	17,665	19,435	63.8	60.6	66.9
Different than province or territory of residence	1,040	510	535	1.8	1.7	1.8
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	1,840	935	910	3.2	3.2	3.1
Americas	415	200	210	0.7	0.7	0.7
United States of America	240	115	125	0.4	0.4	0.4
Mexico	50	20	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Cuba	20	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Colombia	35	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	35	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Europe	1,220	655	565	2.1	2.2	1.9
Belgium	75	35	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
France	765	445	325	1.3	1.5	1.1
Germany	40	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Netherlands	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Romania	75	35	40	0.1	0.1	0.1
Russian Federation	40	10	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
Ukraine	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	85	60	25	0.1	0.2	0.1
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	40	10	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
Africa	65	35	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	30	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	30	10	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Asia	120	35	90	0.2	0.1	0.3
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	25	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Taiwan	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	20	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	25	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Oceania	20	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Australia	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	15	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	90,320	45,760	44,560	...	...	...
In the labour force	54,925	29,095	25,825	...	...	...
Employed	50,655	26,725	23,925	...	...	...
Unemployed	4,275	2,375	1,900	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	35,390	16,660	18,730	...	...	...
Participation rate	60.8	63.6	58.0	60.8	63.6	58.0
Employment rate	56.1	58.4	53.7	56.1	58.4	53.7
Unemployment rate	7.8	8.2	7.4	7.8	8.2	7.4
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	90,320	45,760	44,560	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	33,740	15,795	17,940	37.4	34.5	40.3
Worked	56,580	29,960	26,615	62.6	65.5	59.7
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	27,355	15,180	12,170	30.3	33.2	27.3
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	29,225	14,780	14,445	32.4	32.3	32.4
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.7	41.3	40.0	40.7	41.3	40.0
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	54,925	29,100	25,830	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	1,070	585	485	1.9	2.0	1.9
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	53,855	28,510	25,340	98.1	98.0	98.1
Employee	43,390	22,085	21,305	79.0	75.9	82.5
Permanent position	36,490	18,805	17,685	66.4	64.6	68.5
Temporary position	6,900	3,280	3,620	12.6	11.3	14.0
Fixed term (1 year or more)	1,855	730	1,135	3.4	2.5	4.4
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	5,035	2,550	2,485	9.2	8.8	9.6
Self-employed¹⁹²	10,465	6,430	4,035	19.1	22.1	15.6
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	54,925	29,100	25,830	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	1,070	585	485	1.9	2.0	1.9
All occupations¹⁹¹	53,855	28,510	25,340	98.1	98.0	98.1
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	1,660	1,270	385	3.0	4.4	1.5
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	8,400	2,450	5,955	15.3	8.4	23.1
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	3,385	2,630	755	6.2	9.0	2.9
3 Health occupations	4,325	840	3,485	7.9	2.9	13.5
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	6,510	1,880	4,625	11.9	6.5	17.9
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,755	845	910	3.2	2.9	3.5
6 Sales and service occupations	13,185	5,710	7,475	24.0	19.6	28.9
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	11,710	10,645	1,070	21.3	36.6	4.1
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	845	690	155	1.5	2.4	0.6
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	2,090	1,555	540	3.8	5.3	2.1
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	54,925	29,100	25,830	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	1,070	585	485	1.9	2.0	1.9
All industries¹⁹¹	53,855	28,510	25,340	98.1	98.0	98.1
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	420	255	160	0.8	0.9	0.6
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	170	145	25	0.3	0.5	0.1
22 Utilities	365	235	130	0.7	0.8	0.5
23 Construction	6,360	5,430	935	11.6	18.7	3.6
31-33 Manufacturing	4,930	3,540	1,390	9.0	12.2	5.4
41 Wholesale trade	1,985	1,285	695	3.6	4.4	2.7
44-45 Retail trade	6,850	3,325	3,525	12.5	11.4	13.6
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	2,805	2,080	720	5.1	7.1	2.8
51 Information and cultural industries	880	505	375	1.6	1.7	1.5
52 Finance and insurance	1,395	570	820	2.5	2.0	3.2
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	1,010	505	510	1.8	1.7	2.0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	4,000	2,240	1,765	7.3	7.7	6.8
55 Management of companies and enterprises	65	40	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	2,325	1,435	890	4.2	4.9	3.4
61 Educational services	3,670	1,050	2,615	6.7	3.6	10.1
62 Health care and social assistance	7,045	1,240	5,810	12.8	4.3	22.5
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	1,300	675	630	2.4	2.3	2.4
72 Accommodation and food services	2,865	1,245	1,620	5.2	4.3	6.3
81 Other services (except public administration)	2,450	1,140	1,310	4.5	3.9	5.1
91 Public administration	2,955	1,560	1,390	5.4	5.4	5.4
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	59,880	31,640	28,235	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	2,190	1,365	825	3.7	4.3	2.9
French	42,170	21,710	20,460	70.4	68.6	72.5
Non-official language	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	15,120	8,350	6,770	25.3	26.4	24.0
English and non-official language(s)	45	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	45	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	290	155	140	0.5	0.5	0.5
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	59,880	31,640	28,235	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	57,550	30,300	27,250	96.1	95.8	96.5
Official languages	57,500	30,275	27,225	96.0	95.7	96.4
English	4,650	2,835	1,815	7.8	9.0	6.4
French	52,855	27,440	25,415	88.3	86.7	90.0
Non-official languages	50	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	50	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	40	25	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	30	15	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	25	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	2,330	1,340	985	3.9	4.2	3.5
English and French	2,250	1,300	945	3.8	4.1	3.3
English and non-official language(s)	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	20	15	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	40	15	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	59,880	31,640	28,235	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	46,610	24,380	22,230	77.8	77.1	78.7
English	10,575	5,670	4,905	17.7	17.9	17.4
French	2,410	1,440	975	4.0	4.6	3.5
Non-official language	95	60	40	0.2	0.2	0.1
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	95	60	40	0.2	0.2	0.1
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	110	60	50	0.2	0.2	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	50	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	50,650	26,725	23,925	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	9,700	4,620	5,080	19.2	17.3	21.2
Worked outside Canada	125	100	25	0.2	0.4	0.1
No fixed workplace address	7,505	5,920	1,585	14.8	22.2	6.6
Usual place of work	33,315	16,090	17,225	65.8	60.2	72.0
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	33,315	16,090	17,230	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	6,115	2,890	3,225	18.4	18.0	18.7
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	8,320	3,280	5,040	25.0	20.4	29.3
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	18,730	9,820	8,905	56.2	61.0	51.7
Commute to a different province or territory	150	95	60	0.5	0.6	0.3
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	40,825	22,010	18,810	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	38,815	20,990	17,820	95.1	95.4	94.7
Car, truck or van - as a driver	37,180	20,285	16,895	91.1	92.2	89.8
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	1,635	710	925	4.0	3.2	4.9
Public transit	375	195	180	0.9	0.9	1.0
Walked	860	385	470	2.1	1.7	2.5
Bicycle	90	85	10	0.2	0.4	0.1
Other method	685	350	330	1.7	1.6	1.8
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	40,825	22,010	18,810	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	8,285	3,900	4,385	20.3	17.7	23.3
15 to 29 minutes	12,825	5,895	6,925	31.4	26.8	36.8
30 to 44 minutes	9,015	5,050	3,965	22.1	22.9	21.1
45 to 59 minutes	5,120	3,145	1,975	12.5	14.3	10.5
60 minutes and over	5,580	4,020	1,560	13.7	18.3	8.3
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	40,825	22,010	18,810	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	4,245	3,385	865	10.4	15.4	4.6
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	7,365	4,950	2,410	18.0	22.5	12.8
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	10,645	4,880	5,765	26.1	22.2	30.6
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	7,830	3,140	4,695	19.2	14.3	25.0
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	4,555	1,845	2,710	11.2	8.4	14.4
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	6,185	3,810	2,365	15.2	17.3	12.6
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	18,970	9,795	9,175	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,400	1,240	1,165	12.7	12.7	12.7
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	16,565	8,560	8,010	87.3	87.4	87.3
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	13,690	7,010	6,685	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,740	895	850	12.7	12.8	12.7
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	1,115	550	570	8.1	7.8	8.5
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	625	345	280	4.6	4.9	4.2
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	11,950	6,115	5,835	87.3	87.2	87.3

Symbol legend

..
not available for a specific reference period
...
not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 18, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

Language selection

Search and menus

Search

Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Symbol legend

Note(s):

Census Profile, 2021 Census of PopulationProfile table

Add a geography

Add or remove data

Symbol legend

Source

How to cite

Note(s):

Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table