Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Les Laurentides, Municipalité régionale de comté (MRC)More information: Quebec [Census division]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	50,777	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	45,902	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	10.6	...	...	10.6	...	...
Total private dwellings²	37,057	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	24,959	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	20.7	...	...	20.7	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	2,457.53	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	50,780	25,260	25,515	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	6,535	3,385	3,155	12.9	13.4	12.4
0 to 4 years	1,890	955	940	3.7	3.8	3.7
5 to 9 years	2,255	1,175	1,080	4.4	4.7	4.2
10 to 14 years	2,390	1,250	1,135	4.7	4.9	4.4
15 to 64 years	30,215	14,960	15,260	59.5	59.2	59.8
15 to 19 years	1,960	1,045	915	3.9	4.1	3.6
20 to 24 years	1,660	875	780	3.3	3.5	3.1
25 to 29 years	2,085	1,065	1,025	4.1	4.2	4.0
30 to 34 years	2,415	1,150	1,265	4.8	4.6	5.0
35 to 39 years	2,680	1,310	1,365	5.3	5.2	5.3
40 to 44 years	3,035	1,500	1,535	6.0	5.9	6.0
45 to 49 years	2,805	1,415	1,390	5.5	5.6	5.4
50 to 54 years	3,155	1,580	1,575	6.2	6.3	6.2
55 to 59 years	4,770	2,295	2,475	9.4	9.1	9.7
60 to 64 years	5,655	2,720	2,935	11.1	10.8	11.5
65 years and over	14,025	6,915	7,105	27.6	27.4	27.8
65 to 69 years	4,820	2,445	2,375	9.5	9.7	9.3
70 to 74 years	3,845	1,880	1,965	7.6	7.4	7.7
75 to 79 years	2,670	1,390	1,285	5.3	5.5	5.0
80 to 84 years	1,500	725	775	3.0	2.9	3.0
85 years and over	1,180	480	700	2.3	1.9	2.7
85 to 89 years	815	365	450	1.6	1.4	1.8
90 to 94 years	315	100	210	0.6	0.4	0.8
95 to 99 years	50	10	40	0.1	0.0	0.2
100 years and over	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	12.9	13.4	12.4	12.9	13.4	12.4
15 to 64 years	59.5	59.2	59.8	59.5	59.2	59.8
65 years and over	27.6	27.4	27.8	27.6	27.4	27.8
85 years and over	2.3	1.9	2.7	2.3	1.9	2.7
Average age of the population	48.3	47.8	48.9	48.3	47.8	48.9
Median age of the population	53.6	53.2	54.4	53.6	53.2	54.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	24,960	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	17,260	...	...	69.2	...	...
Semi-detached house	555	...	...	2.2	...	...
Row house	455	...	...	1.8	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	2,885	...	...	11.6	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	3,360	...	...	13.5	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	65	...	...	0.3	...	...
Other single-attached house	90	...	...	0.4	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	280	...	...	1.1	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	24,960	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	9,720	...	...	38.9	...	...
2 persons	9,920	...	...	39.7	...	...
3 persons	2,475	...	...	9.9	...	...
4 persons	1,930	...	...	7.7	...	...
5 or more persons	920	...	...	3.7	...	...
Number of persons in private households	49,685	24,840	24,840	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	44,240	21,880	22,365	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	25,050	12,525	12,520	56.6	57.2	56.0
Married	13,395	6,710	6,690	30.3	30.7	29.9
Living common-law	11,655	5,815	5,835	26.3	26.6	26.1
Living common law - Never married	8,850	4,365	4,485	20.0	19.9	20.1
Living common law - Separated	140	70	70	0.3	0.3	0.3
Living common law - Divorced	2,385	1,260	1,120	5.4	5.8	5.0
Living common law - Widowed	285	125	160	0.6	0.6	0.7
Not married and not living common-law	19,190	9,350	9,840	43.4	42.7	44.0
Not married and not living common law - Never married	11,980	6,555	5,425	27.1	30.0	24.3
Not married and not living common law - Separated	700	405	300	1.6	1.9	1.3
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	3,920	1,730	2,190	8.9	7.9	9.8
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	2,585	660	1,930	5.8	3.0	8.6
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	14,540	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	9,740	...	...	67.0	...	...
3 persons	2,270	...	...	15.6	...	...
4 persons	1,810	...	...	12.4	...	...
5 or more persons	725	...	...	5.0	...	...
Average size of census families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.7	...	...	1.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	14,545	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	12,340	...	...	84.8	...	...
Married couples	6,515	...	...	44.8	...	...
With children⁶	1,605	...	...	11.0	...	...
Without children	4,910	...	...	33.8	...	...
Common-law couples	5,825	...	...	40.0	...	...
With children⁶	2,460	...	...	16.9	...	...
Without children	3,370	...	...	23.2	...	...
Total one-parent families	2,200	...	...	15.1	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	1,535	...	...	10.6	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	665	...	...	4.6	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	49,680	24,840	24,840	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	37,395	18,665	18,735	75.3	75.1	75.4
Married spouses or common-law partners	24,680	12,315	12,365	49.7	49.6	49.8
Parents in one-parent families	2,200	665	1,535	4.4	2.7	6.2
Children⁶	10,515	5,685	4,835	21.2	22.9	19.5
In a two-parent family	7,330	3,950	3,375	14.8	15.9	13.6
In a one-parent family	3,185	1,730	1,455	6.4	7.0	5.9
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	12,285	6,175	6,105	24.7	24.9	24.6
Living alone	9,720	4,860	4,855	19.6	19.6	19.5
Living with other relatives⁷	785	330	450	1.6	1.3	1.8
Living with non-relatives only	1,790	990	800	3.6	4.0	3.2
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	24,960	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	13,640	...	...	54.6	...	...
Couple-family households	11,740	...	...	47.0	...	...
With children⁶	3,820	...	...	15.3	...	...
Without children	7,920	...	...	31.7	...	...
One-parent-family households	1,900	...	...	7.6	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	225	...	...	0.9	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	65	...	...	0.3	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	470	...	...	1.9	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	840	...	...	3.4	...	...
One-person households	9,720	...	...	38.9	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	43,150	21,460	21,690	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	42,555	21,175	21,380	98.6	98.7	98.6
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,600	41,200	34,800	37,600	41,200	34,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	42,570	21,180	21,390	98.7	98.7	98.6
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	33,600	36,000	31,400	33,600	36,000	31,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	38,000	19,195	18,810	88.1	89.4	86.7
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	28,000	32,400	24,000	28,000	32,400	24,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	28,440	14,800	13,640	65.9	69.0	62.9
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	27,800	31,200	25,000	27,800	31,200	25,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	36,820	17,880	18,935	85.3	83.3	87.3
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	13,800	13,400	14,100	13,800	13,400	14,100
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,440	3,465	2,980	14.9	16.1	13.7
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,640	5,960	5,480	5,640	5,960	5,480
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	13,485	6,995	6,490	31.3	32.6	29.9
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	7,000	8,000	8,000	7,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	43,155	21,460	21,690	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	42,545	21,135	21,410	98.6	98.5	98.7
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	47,840	53,700	42,080	47,840	53,700	42,080
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	42,550	21,140	21,410	98.6	98.5	98.7
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,400	43,000	35,840	39,400	43,000	35,840
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	38,000	19,215	18,785	88.1	89.5	86.6
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,200	46,720	33,520	40,200	46,720	33,520
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	28,435	14,890	13,545	65.9	69.4	62.4
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,040	43,400	34,280	39,040	43,400	34,280
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	37,045	17,985	19,060	85.8	83.8	87.9
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	13,720	13,180	14,220	13,720	13,180	14,220
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,700	3,705	2,995	15.5	17.3	13.8
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,670	6,620	6,720	6,670	6,620	6,720
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	13,405	7,190	6,210	31.1	33.5	28.6
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,430	8,040	8,880	8,430	8,040	8,880
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	43,150	21,460	21,695	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	10,805	5,790	5,015	25.0	27.0	23.1
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	51,200	55,200	47,200	51,200	55,200	47,200
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	62,200	68,800	54,550	62,200	68,800	54,550
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	13,950	7,020	6,925	32.3	32.7	31.9
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	18,800	21,200	17,000	18,800	21,200	17,000
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	28,440	31,480	25,300	28,440	31,480	25,300
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	75.0	79.2	70.0	75.0	79.2	70.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	54.5	56.9	51.5	54.5	56.9	51.5
Government transfers (%)²⁰	25.0	20.9	30.1	25.0	20.9	30.1
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.2	2.2	2.2	2.2	2.2	2.2
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	6.4	5.7	7.2	6.4	5.7	7.2
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	5.6	5.1	6.1	5.6	5.1	6.1
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	43,150	21,460	21,695	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	595	285	305	1.4	1.3	1.4
With total income	42,555	21,175	21,385	98.6	98.7	98.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,435	1,070	1,365	5.7	5.1	6.4
$10,000 to $19,999	5,500	2,300	3,200	12.9	10.9	15.0
$20,000 to $29,999	8,195	3,770	4,420	19.3	17.8	20.7
$30,000 to $39,999	6,560	3,045	3,515	15.4	14.4	16.4
$40,000 to $49,999	5,935	3,010	2,930	13.9	14.2	13.7
$50,000 to $59,999	4,190	2,190	2,000	9.8	10.3	9.4
$60,000 to $69,999	2,900	1,635	1,265	6.8	7.7	5.9
$70,000 to $79,999	1,925	1,065	860	4.5	5.0	4.0
$80,000 to $89,999	1,370	800	560	3.2	3.8	2.6
$90,000 to $99,999	820	445	375	1.9	2.1	1.8
$100,000 and over	2,725	1,830	890	6.4	8.6	4.2
$100,000 to $149,999	1,725	1,115	610	4.1	5.3	2.9
$150,000 and over	995	715	285	2.3	3.4	1.3
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	43,150	21,460	21,695	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	580	280	305	1.3	1.3	1.4
With after-tax income	42,570	21,180	21,385	98.7	98.7	98.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,740	1,160	1,585	6.4	5.5	7.4
$10,000 to $19,999	5,760	2,450	3,315	13.5	11.6	15.5
$20,000 to $29,999	9,725	4,520	5,205	22.8	21.3	24.3
$30,000 to $39,999	8,135	3,995	4,140	19.1	18.9	19.4
$40,000 to $49,999	6,295	3,305	2,985	14.8	15.6	14.0
$50,000 to $59,999	3,850	2,110	1,740	9.0	10.0	8.1
$60,000 to $69,999	2,310	1,305	1,010	5.4	6.2	4.7
$70,000 to $79,999	1,220	665	560	2.9	3.1	2.6
$80,000 to $89,999	770	485	280	1.8	2.3	1.3
$90,000 to $99,999	480	315	165	1.1	1.5	0.8
$100,000 and over	1,275	870	400	3.0	4.1	1.9
$100,000 to $124,999	575	365	205	1.4	1.7	1.0
$125,000 and over	705	505	195	1.7	2.4	0.9
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	43,150	21,460	21,695	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	14,715	6,665	8,055	34.1	31.1	37.1
With employment income	28,435	14,800	13,635	65.9	69.0	62.8
Under $5,000 (including loss)	4,540	2,350	2,195	16.0	15.9	16.1
$5,000 to $9,999	2,555	1,165	1,385	9.0	7.9	10.2
$10,000 to $19,999	4,150	1,965	2,190	14.6	13.3	16.1
$20,000 to $29,999	3,690	1,695	1,995	13.0	11.5	14.6
$30,000 to $39,999	3,345	1,745	1,600	11.8	11.8	11.7
$40,000 to $49,999	2,570	1,340	1,230	9.0	9.1	9.0
$50,000 to $59,999	1,990	1,145	845	7.0	7.7	6.2
$60,000 to $69,999	1,465	860	605	5.2	5.8	4.4
$70,000 to $79,999	1,050	575	475	3.7	3.9	3.5
$80,000 to $89,999	820	475	350	2.9	3.2	2.6
$90,000 to $99,999	470	275	200	1.7	1.9	1.5
$100,000 and over	1,785	1,215	565	6.3	8.2	4.1
$100,000 to $124,999	765	510	255	2.7	3.4	1.9
$125,000 and over	1,020	705	310	3.6	4.8	2.3
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	43,150	21,460	21,690	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	42,155	20,965	21,185	97.7	97.7	97.7
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,200	39,200	31,600	35,200	39,200	31,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	42,185	20,965	21,215	97.8	97.7	97.8
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	31,400	34,400	28,800	31,400	34,400	28,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	37,775	19,060	18,720	87.5	88.8	86.3
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	30,000	34,800	26,400	30,000	34,800	26,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	28,955	14,970	13,985	67.1	69.8	64.5
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	30,000	33,200	27,200	30,000	33,200	27,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	33,565	16,045	17,515	77.8	74.8	80.8
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,900	9,200	10,400	9,900	9,200	10,400
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	5,790	3,185	2,600	13.4	14.8	12.0
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,160	5,520	4,720	5,160	5,520	4,720
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	43,155	21,460	21,690	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	42,160	20,935	21,230	97.7	97.6	97.9
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	46,040	52,700	39,520	46,040	52,700	39,520
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	42,180	20,940	21,240	97.7	97.6	97.9
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	37,600	41,800	33,440	37,600	41,800	33,440
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	37,815	19,110	18,705	87.6	89.0	86.2
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,000	49,240	34,600	42,000	49,240	34,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	29,005	15,045	13,955	67.2	70.1	64.3
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,040	46,160	35,520	41,040	46,160	35,520
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	33,815	16,170	17,640	78.4	75.3	81.3
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,450	10,010	10,860	10,450	10,010	10,860
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	5,950	3,420	2,525	13.8	15.9	11.6
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,400	6,320	6,510	6,400	6,320	6,510
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	43,150	21,460	21,695	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	10,705	5,720	4,985	24.8	26.7	23.0
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	48,400	52,000	44,400	48,400	52,000	44,400
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	60,550	67,600	52,500	60,550	67,600	52,500
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	13,585	6,835	6,750	31.5	31.8	31.1
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	23,600	25,600	22,000	23,600	25,600	22,000
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	34,480	39,480	29,440	34,480	39,480	29,440
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	81.8	85.4	77.2	81.8	85.4	77.2
Employment income (%)	61.3	63.0	59.1	61.3	63.0	59.1
Government transfers (%)	18.2	14.7	22.8	18.2	14.7	22.8
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.0	2.0	2.0	2.0	2.0	2.0
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	24,960	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	63,200	...	...	63,200	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	55,600	...	...	55,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	9,720	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	35,600	...	...	35,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	32,000	...	...	32,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	15,245	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	86,000	...	...	86,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	74,500	...	...	74,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	24,955	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	81,600	...	...	81,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	67,200	...	...	67,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	9,710	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	44,920	...	...	44,920	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	37,680	...	...	37,680	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	15,245	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	104,900	...	...	104,900	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	85,900	...	...	85,900	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	24,960	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	210	...	...	0.8	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	145	...	...	0.6	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	400	...	...	1.6	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	610	...	...	2.4	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,865	...	...	7.5	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,205	...	...	4.8	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,155	...	...	4.6	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,345	...	...	5.4	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,390	...	...	5.6	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,215	...	...	4.9	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,295	...	...	9.2	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,985	...	...	8.0	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,750	...	...	7.0	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,590	...	...	6.4	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,310	...	...	5.2	...	...
$100,000 and over	6,500	...	...	26.0	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,580	...	...	10.3	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,455	...	...	5.8	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,350	...	...	5.4	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,115	...	...	4.5	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	24,960	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	255	...	...	1.0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	165	...	...	0.7	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	410	...	...	1.6	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	640	...	...	2.6	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,010	...	...	8.1	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,475	...	...	5.9	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,410	...	...	5.6	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,685	...	...	6.8	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,520	...	...	6.1	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,400	...	...	5.6	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,550	...	...	10.2	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,315	...	...	9.3	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,915	...	...	7.7	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,685	...	...	6.8	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,295	...	...	5.2	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,240	...	...	17.0	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,995	...	...	8.0	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,005	...	...	4.0	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,245	...	...	5.0	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	14,575	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	86,000	...	...	86,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	75,000	...	...	75,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	8,010	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	79,000	...	...	79,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	68,500	...	...	68,500	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	4,085	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	116,000	...	...	116,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	99,000	...	...	99,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	2,140	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	61,600	...	...	61,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	56,400	...	...	56,400	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.5	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	11,505	5,845	5,660	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	34,400	36,800	32,800	34,400	36,800	32,800
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	31,200	32,800	30,000	31,200	32,800	30,000
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	14,580	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	105,500	...	...	105,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	86,100	...	...	86,100	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	7,995	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	97,600	...	...	97,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	78,900	...	...	78,900	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	4,110	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	139,400	...	...	139,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	112,500	...	...	112,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,120	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	72,700	...	...	72,700	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	63,600	...	...	63,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	11,505	5,775	5,725	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	43,280	45,000	41,520	43,280	45,000	41,520
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	36,560	37,120	36,000	36,560	37,120	36,000
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	49,685	24,840	24,840	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	7,725	4,000	3,725	15.5	16.1	15.0
0 to 5 years	2,295	1,170	1,125	4.6	4.7	4.5
18 to 64 years	28,560	14,145	14,415	57.5	56.9	58.0
65 years and over	13,400	6,695	6,705	27.0	27.0	27.0
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	7,065	3,395	3,665	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	885	475	415	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	260	140	120	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	3,415	1,705	1,705	...	...	...
65 years and over	2,760	1,220	1,540	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	14.2	13.7	14.7	14.2	13.7	14.7
0 to 17 years (%)	11.5	11.8	11.1	11.5	11.8	11.1
0 to 5 years (%)	11.2	11.8	10.4	11.2	11.8	10.4
18 to 64 years (%)	12.0	12.1	11.8	12.0	12.1	11.8
65 years and over (%)	20.6	18.2	23.0	20.6	18.2	23.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	49,680	24,840	24,840	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	7,725	4,000	3,725	15.5	16.1	15.0
0 to 5 years	2,290	1,170	1,125	4.6	4.7	4.5
18 to 64 years	28,560	14,145	14,415	57.5	56.9	58.0
65 years and over	13,400	6,700	6,700	27.0	27.0	27.0
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	1,490	805	680	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	125	75	45	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	40	25	15	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	1,170	640	530	...	...	...
65 years and over	190	90	105	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.0	3.2	2.7	3.0	3.2	2.7
0 to 17 years (%)	1.6	2.0	1.3	1.6	2.0	1.3
0 to 5 years (%)	1.9	2.2	1.6	1.9	2.2	1.6
18 to 64 years (%)	4.1	4.5	3.7	4.1	4.5	3.7
65 years and over (%)	1.4	1.3	1.5	1.4	1.3	1.5
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	49,685	24,840	24,840	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	31,840	15,625	16,215	64.1	62.9	65.3
In bottom decile	5,950	2,925	3,025	12.0	11.8	12.2
In second decile	6,975	3,310	3,660	14.0	13.3	14.7
In third decile	6,805	3,360	3,450	13.7	13.5	13.9
In fourth decile	6,335	3,140	3,195	12.8	12.6	12.9
In fifth decile	5,775	2,885	2,890	11.6	11.6	11.6
In top half of the distribution	17,845	9,220	8,625	35.9	37.1	34.7
In sixth decile	4,970	2,505	2,460	10.0	10.1	9.9
In seventh decile	4,265	2,210	2,055	8.6	8.9	8.3
In eighth decile	3,365	1,735	1,630	6.8	7.0	6.6
In ninth decile	2,710	1,415	1,290	5.5	5.7	5.2
In top decile	2,535	1,350	1,190	5.1	5.4	4.8
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	49,680	...	...	49,680	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.334	...	...	0.334	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.489	...	...	0.489	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.283	...	...	0.283	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.4	...	...	3.4	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	50,425	25,110	25,315	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	820	400	420	1.6	1.6	1.7
French only	25,435	12,090	13,345	50.4	48.1	52.7
English and French	24,130	12,610	11,525	47.9	50.2	45.5
Neither English nor French	40	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	50,425	25,110	25,315	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	3,625	1,880	1,745	7.2	7.5	6.9
French	46,330	22,985	23,345	91.9	91.5	92.2
English and French	440	235	205	0.9	0.9	0.8
Neither English nor French	25	10	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	50,425	25,110	25,315	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	49,455	24,630	24,830	98.1	98.1	98.1
Official languages	48,250	24,035	24,210	95.7	95.7	95.6
English	3,055	1,605	1,450	6.1	6.4	5.7
French	45,190	22,430	22,760	89.6	89.3	89.9
Non-official languages	1,210	590	615	2.4	2.3	2.4
Indigenous languages³⁹	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,205	585	615	2.4	2.3	2.4
Afro-Asiatic languages	85	55	30	0.2	0.2	0.1
Berber languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	75	45	30	0.1	0.2	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	65	40	25	0.1	0.2	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	20	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	5	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	935	470	465	1.9	1.9	1.8
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	145	60	85	0.3	0.2	0.3
Baltic languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	135	60	75	0.3	0.2	0.3
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	65	30	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Russian	50	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	5	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	205	100	105	0.4	0.4	0.4
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	150	75	75	0.3	0.3	0.3
German	125	60	65	0.2	0.2	0.3
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	20	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	45	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Iranian languages	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	540	280	255	1.1	1.1	1.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	130	80	50	0.3	0.3	0.2
Portuguese	45	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	55	20	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Spanish	310	155	155	0.6	0.6	0.6
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	65	20	40	0.1	0.1	0.2
Chinese languages	65	20	40	0.1	0.1	0.2
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	45	20	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	970	485	480	1.9	1.9	1.9
English and French	735	375	360	1.5	1.5	1.4
English and non-official language(s)	60	30	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	120	55	70	0.2	0.2	0.3
English, French and non-official language(s)	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	50,425	25,110	25,315	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	2,450	1,250	1,195	4.9	5.0	4.7
French	43,840	21,760	22,080	86.9	86.7	87.2
Non-official language	205	120	85	0.4	0.5	0.3
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	205	120	85	0.4	0.5	0.3
English and French	2,915	1,505	1,405	5.8	6.0	5.6
English and non-official language(s)	160	70	95	0.3	0.3	0.4
French and non-official language(s)	385	190	200	0.8	0.8	0.8
English, French and non-official language(s)	460	205	250	0.9	0.8	1.0
Multiple non-official languages	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	50,425	25,110	25,315	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	49,475	24,655	24,825	98.1	98.2	98.1
Official languages	49,085	24,445	24,640	97.3	97.4	97.3
English	3,185	1,630	1,555	6.3	6.5	6.1
French	45,900	22,815	23,085	91.0	90.9	91.2
Non-official languages	390	210	185	0.8	0.8	0.7
Indigenous languages³⁹	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	390	205	185	0.8	0.8	0.7
Afro-Asiatic languages	20	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	15	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	290	160	135	0.6	0.6	0.5
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	50	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	50	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	25	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	35	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	30	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
German	15	10	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	200	110	90	0.4	0.4	0.4
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	25	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Portuguese	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	145	80	60	0.3	0.3	0.2
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	30	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	950	455	490	1.9	1.8	1.9
English and French	735	375	365	1.5	1.5	1.4
English and non-official language(s)	30	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	135	50	80	0.3	0.2	0.3
English, French and non-official language(s)	45	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	50,425	25,105	25,315	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	47,330	23,545	23,780	93.9	93.8	93.9
English	1,745	885	860	3.5	3.5	3.4
French	650	335	315	1.3	1.3	1.2
Non-official language	355	175	175	0.7	0.7	0.7
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	350	175	175	0.7	0.7	0.7
English and French	50	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and non-official language(s)	185	85	100	0.4	0.3	0.4
French and non-official language(s)	75	35	45	0.1	0.1	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	25	15	15	0.0	0.1	0.1
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	49,685	24,840	24,840	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	49,660	24,830	24,830	99.9	100.0	100.0
English	24,670	12,810	11,870	49.7	51.6	47.8
French	48,860	24,450	24,410	98.3	98.4	98.3
Non-official languages	3,895	1,800	2,095	7.8	7.2	8.4
Indigenous languages³⁹	30	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Algonquian languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	20	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	20	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	3,870	1,780	2,090	7.8	7.2	8.4
Afro-Asiatic languages	145	85	55	0.3	0.3	0.2
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	140	85	50	0.3	0.3	0.2
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	100	70	30	0.2	0.3	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	20	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	20	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	70	35	40	0.1	0.1	0.2
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	20	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	45	20	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	40	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Haitian Creole	25	10	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	3,400	1,535	1,870	6.8	6.2	7.5
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	190	80	110	0.4	0.3	0.4
Baltic languages	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Latvian	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	185	75	110	0.4	0.3	0.4
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	80	30	45	0.2	0.1	0.2
Russian	50	25	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Bosnian	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	405	160	245	0.8	0.6	1.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	320	130	190	0.6	0.5	0.8
German	275	110	165	0.6	0.4	0.7
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	25	10	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Yiddish	35	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	60	30	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	50	30	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	20	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	65	30	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Iranian languages	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	30	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	30	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	2,785	1,255	1,530	5.6	5.1	6.2
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	475	225	250	1.0	0.9	1.0
Portuguese	150	70	70	0.3	0.3	0.3
Romanian	100	40	60	0.2	0.2	0.2
Spanish	2,245	1,005	1,240	4.5	4.0	5.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Korean	25	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	55	35	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
American Sign Language	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	40	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	80	40	35	0.2	0.2	0.1
Chinese languages	80	40	35	0.2	0.2	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	70	30	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	25	10	10	0.1	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	49,680	24,840	24,840	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	1,265	650	615	2.5	2.6	2.5
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	1,200	600	600	2.4	2.4	2.4
First Nations (North American Indian)	615	310	305	1.2	1.2	1.2
Métis	575	290	285	1.2	1.2	1.1
Inuk (Inuit)	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	20	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	45	35	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Non-Indigenous identity	48,420	24,195	24,225	97.5	97.4	97.5
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	49,680	24,840	24,840	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	185	115	65	0.4	0.5	0.3
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	49,500	24,725	24,775	99.6	99.5	99.7
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	24,960	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	17,590	...	...	70.5	...	...
Renter	7,365	...	...	29.5	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	24,960	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	1,735	...	...	7.0	...	...
Not condominium	23,225	...	...	93.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	24,960	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	50	...	...	0.2	...	...
1 bedroom	3,205	...	...	12.8	...	...
2 bedrooms	8,975	...	...	36.0	...	...
3 bedrooms	8,515	...	...	34.1	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	4,215	...	...	16.9	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	24,960	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	7,680	...	...	30.8	...	...
5 rooms	4,845	...	...	19.4	...	...
6 rooms	3,620	...	...	14.5	...	...
7 rooms	2,975	...	...	11.9	...	...
8 or more rooms	5,840	...	...	23.4	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.0	...	...	6.0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	24,960	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	24,880	...	...	99.7	...	...
More than one person per room	80	...	...	0.3	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	24,960	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	24,415	...	...	97.8	...	...
Not suitable	545	...	...	2.2	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	24,960	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	4,815	...	...	19.3	...	...
1961 to 1980	7,065	...	...	28.3	...	...
1981 to 1990	2,990	...	...	12.0	...	...
1991 to 2000	2,640	...	...	10.6	...	...
2001 to 2005	1,750	...	...	7.0	...	...
2006 to 2010	2,080	...	...	8.3	...	...
2011 to 2015	1,655	...	...	6.6	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	1,965	...	...	7.9	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	24,960	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	23,305	...	...	93.4	...	...
Major repairs needed	1,650	...	...	6.6	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	24,960	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	14,390	...	...	57.7	...	...
Two-maintainer household	10,125	...	...	40.6	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	445	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	24,960	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	370	...	...	1.5	...	...
25 to 34 years	2,190	...	...	8.8	...	...
35 to 44 years	3,400	...	...	13.6	...	...
45 to 54 years	3,685	...	...	14.8	...	...
55 to 64 years	6,410	...	...	25.7	...	...
65 to 74 years	5,550	...	...	22.2	...	...
75 to 84 years	2,715	...	...	10.9	...	...
85 years and over	640	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	24,850	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	20,700	...	...	83.3	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	4,150	...	...	16.7	...	...
30% to less than 100%	3,835	...	...	15.4	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	24,960	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	5,930	...	...	23.8	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	3,795	...	...	15.2	...	...
Not suitable only	445	...	...	1.8	...	...
Major repairs needed only	1,275	...	...	5.1	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	35	...	...	0.1	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	310	...	...	1.2	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	65	...	...	0.3	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	19,030	...	...	76.2	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	24,540	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	1,690	...	...	6.9	...	...
Not in core need	22,845	...	...	93.1	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	17,570	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	56.7	...	...	56.7	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	11.8	...	...	11.8	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	4.4	...	...	4.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	840	...	...	840	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	972	...	...	972	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	290,000	...	...	290,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	343,200	...	...	343,200	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	7,365	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	5.9	...	...	5.9	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	28.3	...	...	28.3	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	12.9	...	...	12.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	775	...	...	775	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	841	...	...	841	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	49,685	24,845	24,845	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	1,080	495	585	2.2	2.0	2.4
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	1,040	485	550	2.1	2.0	2.2
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	875	415	460	1.8	1.7	1.9
Métis single ancestry	150	65	80	0.3	0.3	0.3
Inuit single ancestry	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	40	0	35	0.1	0.0	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	40	0	35	0.1	0.0	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	1,920	905	1,015	3.9	3.6	4.1
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	1,905	895	1,005	3.8	3.6	4.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	1,680	815	865	3.4	3.3	3.5
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	190	70	120	0.4	0.3	0.5
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	30	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	46,685	23,445	23,245	94.0	94.4	93.6
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	49,685	24,840	24,845	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	48,940	24,445	24,500	98.5	98.4	98.6
Canadian citizens aged under 18	7,620	3,935	3,690	15.3	15.8	14.9
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	41,320	20,510	20,815	83.2	82.6	83.8
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	740	400	340	1.5	1.6	1.4
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	49,685	24,840	24,845	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	47,140	23,505	23,635	94.9	94.6	95.1
Immigrants⁸¹	2,350	1,200	1,150	4.7	4.8	4.6
Before 1980	725	375	345	1.5	1.5	1.4
1980 to 1990	245	130	115	0.5	0.5	0.5
1991 to 2000	415	200	215	0.8	0.8	0.9
2001 to 2010	530	270	265	1.1	1.1	1.1
2011 to 2021⁸²	430	220	215	0.9	0.9	0.9
2011 to 2015	200	100	100	0.4	0.4	0.4
2016 to 2021	235	120	115	0.5	0.5	0.5
Non-permanent residents⁸³	195	140	55	0.4	0.6	0.2
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	2,350	1,195	1,150	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	220	120	105	9.4	10.0	9.1
5 to 14 years	315	155	160	13.4	13.0	13.9
15 to 24 years	510	255	255	21.7	21.3	22.2
25 to 44 years	1,110	560	545	47.2	46.9	47.4
45 years and over	190	105	80	8.1	8.8	7.0
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	2,350	1,195	1,150	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	395	155	235	16.8	13.0	20.4
Brazil	30	10	20	1.3	0.8	1.7
Colombia	15	10	10	0.6	0.8	0.9
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	25	10	20	1.1	0.8	1.7
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	55	35	20	2.3	2.9	1.7
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	10	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.9
United States of America	120	35	80	5.1	2.9	7.0
Other places of birth in Americas	135	50	80	5.7	4.2	7.0
Europe	1,590	865	720	67.7	72.4	62.6
Bosnia and Herzegovina	10	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.9
Croatia	10	10	0	0.4	0.8	0.0
France	905	525	385	38.5	43.9	33.5
Germany	80	45	35	3.4	3.8	3.0
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	10	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.9
Italy	65	45	20	2.8	3.8	1.7
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	45	15	30	1.9	1.3	2.6
Portugal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	80	35	45	3.4	2.9	3.9
Russian Federation	15	10	10	0.6	0.8	0.9
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	10	0	0	0.4	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	115	80	40	4.9	6.7	3.5
Other places of birth in Europe	225	105	125	9.6	8.8	10.9
Africa	105	60	40	4.5	5.0	3.5
Algeria	10	10	0	0.4	0.8	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	25	20	10	1.1	1.7	0.9
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	35	15	20	1.5	1.3	1.7
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	35	25	15	1.5	2.1	1.3
Asia	230	90	145	9.8	7.5	12.6
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	10	10	0	0.4	0.8	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	25	10	10	1.1	0.8	0.9
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	45	20	30	1.9	1.7	2.6
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	15	0	15	0.6	0.0	1.3
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	40	15	25	1.7	1.3	2.2
Viet Nam	20	15	0	0.9	1.3	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	45	0	45	1.9	0.0	3.9
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	30	15	10	1.3	1.3	0.9
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	235	120	115	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	60	50	10	25.5	41.7	8.7
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	15	15	0	6.4	12.5	0.0
United States of America	10	0	0	4.3	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	25	20	0	10.6	16.7	0.0
Europe	120	60	60	51.1	50.0	52.2
France	100	55	45	42.6	45.8	39.1
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	10	0	10	4.3	0.0	8.7
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	55	10	45	23.4	8.3	39.1
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	10	10	0	4.3	8.3	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	25	0	20	10.6	0.0	17.4
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	49,680	24,840	24,840	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	2,820	1,440	1,380	5.7	5.8	5.6
Second generation¹⁰¹	2,585	1,275	1,310	5.2	5.1	5.3
Third generation or more¹⁰²	44,275	22,120	22,150	89.1	89.0	89.2
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	1,625	820	810	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	965	485	480	59.4	59.1	59.3
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	595	350	245	36.6	42.7	30.2
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	365	135	235	22.5	16.5	29.0
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	600	305	295	36.9	37.2	36.4
Refugees¹⁰⁸	40	25	15	2.5	3.0	1.9
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	20	0	20	1.2	0.0	2.5
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	1,625	820	810	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	30	10	15	1.8	1.2	1.9
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	395	250	145	24.3	30.5	17.9
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	75	45	25	4.6	5.5	3.1
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	95	55	45	5.8	6.7	5.6
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	1,030	460	570	63.4	56.1	70.4
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	49,680	24,840	24,840	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	965	500	465	1.9	2.0	1.9
South Asian	60	50	10	0.1	0.2	0.0
Chinese	90	45	45	0.2	0.2	0.2
Black	180	95	80	0.4	0.4	0.3
Filipino	75	25	45	0.2	0.1	0.2
Arab	85	45	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
Latin American	285	150	130	0.6	0.6	0.5
Southeast Asian	95	35	50	0.2	0.1	0.2
West Asian	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	40	10	35	0.1	0.0	0.1
Japanese	15	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple visible minorities	25	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	48,715	24,340	24,375	98.1	98.0	98.1
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	49,685	24,840	24,845	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	17,375	8,415	8,960	35.0	33.9	36.1
English	1,205	630	575	2.4	2.5	2.3
Irish	3,010	1,430	1,575	6.1	5.8	6.3
Scottish	1,255	645	615	2.5	2.6	2.5
French, n.o.s.¹²²	13,510	7,070	6,435	27.2	28.5	25.9
German	910	400	510	1.8	1.6	2.1
Chinese	145	65	75	0.3	0.3	0.3
Italian	1,415	685	730	2.8	2.8	2.9
Indian (India)	75	55	20	0.2	0.2	0.1
Ukrainian	215	110	110	0.4	0.4	0.4
Dutch	160	75	80	0.3	0.3	0.3
Polish	325	160	160	0.7	0.6	0.6
Québécois	6,645	3,320	3,325	13.4	13.4	13.4
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	200	105	95	0.4	0.4	0.4
Filipino	50	10	45	0.1	0.0	0.2
French Canadian	4,475	2,275	2,200	9.0	9.2	8.9
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	1,075	570	505	2.2	2.3	2.0
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	1,180	525	655	2.4	2.1	2.6
Métis	395	150	245	0.8	0.6	1.0
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	620	310	310	1.2	1.2	1.2
Russian	225	90	125	0.5	0.4	0.5
Norwegian	25	10	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Welsh	80	55	25	0.2	0.2	0.1
Portuguese	150	80	70	0.3	0.3	0.3
American	300	155	150	0.6	0.6	0.6
Spanish	275	135	140	0.6	0.5	0.6
Swedish	65	25	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hungarian	65	30	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Acadian	385	170	215	0.8	0.7	0.9
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	30	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Jewish	165	90	75	0.3	0.4	0.3
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	60	45	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	25	10	10	0.1	0.0	0.0
Greek	185	95	95	0.4	0.4	0.4
Jamaican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	80	35	50	0.2	0.1	0.2
Korean	60	10	45	0.1	0.0	0.2
Romanian	145	75	65	0.3	0.3	0.3
Lebanese	75	45	30	0.2	0.2	0.1
Iranian	20	15	10	0.0	0.1	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	540	275	265	1.1	1.1	1.1
Danish	50	25	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	295	145	150	0.6	0.6	0.6
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	125	70	55	0.3	0.3	0.2
Belgian	450	210	240	0.9	0.8	1.0
Haitian	90	50	45	0.2	0.2	0.2
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	120	80	40	0.2	0.3	0.2
Mennonite	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	160	90	70	0.3	0.4	0.3
Finnish	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	25	25	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Japanese	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	125	60	65	0.3	0.2	0.3
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	35	25	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	65	30	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombian	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Moroccan	55	30	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Czech	65	30	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Syrian	30	30	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Newfoundlander	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	35	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Turkish	40	15	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	45	15	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	20	15	15	0.0	0.1	0.1
Brazilian	55	15	40	0.1	0.1	0.2
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	25	10	10	0.1	0.0	0.0
Slovak	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	15	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	25	10	10	0.1	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	330	160	165	0.7	0.6	0.7
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	35	0	30	0.1	0.0	0.1
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Palestinian	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	55	20	40	0.1	0.1	0.2
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	35	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.1
New Brunswicker	20	20	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	105	65	35	0.2	0.3	0.1
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	85	35	50	0.2	0.1	0.2
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	85	50	35	0.2	0.2	0.1
Latvian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	30	20	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	15	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	20	10	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	40	25	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Argentinian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	50	15	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	20	0	20	0.0	0.0	0.1
Dominican	35	10	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	150	75	70	0.3	0.3	0.3
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	105	45	60	0.2	0.2	0.2
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	125	70	50	0.3	0.3	0.2
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	130	60	70	0.3	0.2	0.3
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	60	30	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Norman	95	50	45	0.2	0.2	0.2
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	20	15	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	15	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	49,680	24,840	24,840	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	55	20	35	0.1	0.1	0.1
Christian	33,050	16,125	16,920	66.5	64.9	68.1
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	1,760	940	820	3.5	3.8	3.3
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	280	115	170	0.6	0.5	0.7
Baptist	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Catholic	29,800	14,520	15,280	60.0	58.5	61.5
Christian Orthodox	170	100	70	0.3	0.4	0.3
Jehovah's Witness	230	115	110	0.5	0.5	0.4
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lutheran	40	10	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	90	40	50	0.2	0.2	0.2
Presbyterian	70	15	50	0.1	0.1	0.2
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	95	50	45	0.2	0.2	0.2
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	480	195	285	1.0	0.8	1.1
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	275	175	100	0.6	0.7	0.4
Muslim	90	50	45	0.2	0.2	0.2
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	30	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	120	65	55	0.2	0.3	0.2
No religion and secular perspectives	16,060	8,380	7,670	32.3	33.7	30.9
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	49,270	24,640	24,635	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	42,275	21,295	20,975	85.8	86.4	85.1
Movers	6,995	3,345	3,655	14.2	13.6	14.8
Non-migrants	2,125	990	1,135	4.3	4.0	4.6
Migrants	4,870	2,355	2,520	9.9	9.6	10.2
Internal migrants	4,795	2,315	2,480	9.7	9.4	10.1
Intraprovincial migrants	4,555	2,200	2,360	9.2	8.9	9.6
Interprovincial migrants	235	110	125	0.5	0.4	0.5
External migrants	75	40	40	0.2	0.2	0.2
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	47,770	23,855	23,910	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	27,180	13,685	13,495	56.9	57.4	56.4
Movers	20,585	10,170	10,410	43.1	42.6	43.5
Non-migrants	4,430	2,170	2,255	9.3	9.1	9.4
Migrants	16,160	8,000	8,155	33.8	33.5	34.1
Internal migrants	15,740	7,765	7,975	32.9	32.6	33.4
Intraprovincial migrants	15,140	7,475	7,665	31.7	31.3	32.1
Interprovincial migrants	595	290	310	1.2	1.2	1.3
External migrants	420	235	185	0.9	1.0	0.8
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	43,155	21,460	21,695	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	9,890	5,530	4,355	22.9	25.8	20.1
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	33,265	15,930	17,335	77.1	74.2	79.9
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	26,160	13,070	13,095	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	4,880	3,085	1,795	18.7	23.6	13.7
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	21,280	9,980	11,300	81.3	76.4	86.3
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	43,150	21,460	21,690	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	8,520	4,565	3,955	19.7	21.3	18.2
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	10,155	4,965	5,190	23.5	23.1	23.9
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	24,480	11,930	12,545	56.7	55.6	57.8
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	16,775	8,470	8,305	38.9	39.5	38.3
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	8,185	4,960	3,230	19.0	23.1	14.9
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	5,795	3,045	2,755	13.4	14.2	12.7
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	2,385	1,915	470	5.5	8.9	2.2
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	6,950	2,850	4,095	16.1	13.3	18.9
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,640	660	985	3.8	3.1	4.5
Bachelor's degree or higher	7,705	3,465	4,245	17.9	16.1	19.6
Bachelor's degree	4,985	2,200	2,785	11.6	10.3	12.8
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	715	285	425	1.7	1.3	2.0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	260	135	130	0.6	0.6	0.6
Master's degree	1,515	705	815	3.5	3.3	3.8
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	230	135	95	0.5	0.6	0.4
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	26,160	13,065	13,095	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	3,940	2,395	1,550	15.1	18.3	11.8
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	5,290	2,680	2,605	20.2	20.5	19.9
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	16,935	7,990	8,940	64.7	61.2	68.3
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	11,760	5,905	5,855	45.0	45.2	44.7
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	6,120	3,585	2,535	23.4	27.4	19.4
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	4,390	2,185	2,200	16.8	16.7	16.8
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	1,730	1,395	330	6.6	10.7	2.5
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	4,670	1,940	2,735	17.9	14.8	20.9
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	970	385	585	3.7	2.9	4.5
Bachelor's degree or higher	5,170	2,085	3,085	19.8	16.0	23.6
Bachelor's degree	3,465	1,430	2,035	13.2	10.9	15.5
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	435	115	320	1.7	0.9	2.4
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	195	80	115	0.7	0.6	0.9
Master's degree	955	400	555	3.7	3.1	4.2
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	125	65	55	0.5	0.5	0.4
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	43,150	21,460	21,690	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	18,670	9,525	9,145	43.3	44.4	42.2
Education	2,035	535	1,500	4.7	2.5	6.9
13. Education	2,035	535	1,500	4.7	2.5	6.9
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,145	475	675	2.7	2.2	3.1
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	85	80	10	0.2	0.4	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	1,060	395	670	2.5	1.8	3.1
Humanities	1,420	560	860	3.3	2.6	4.0
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	195	40	150	0.5	0.2	0.7
23. English language and literature/letters	95	25	70	0.2	0.1	0.3
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	725	315	410	1.7	1.5	1.9
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	20	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
38. Philosophy and religious studies	70	25	45	0.2	0.1	0.2
39. Theology and religious vocations	85	45	45	0.2	0.2	0.2
54. History	65	45	25	0.2	0.2	0.1
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	165	55	115	0.4	0.3	0.5
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,210	775	1,440	5.1	3.6	6.6
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	30	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.1
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	315	95	220	0.7	0.4	1.0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	375	55	325	0.9	0.3	1.5
22. Legal professions and studies	380	145	235	0.9	0.7	1.1
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	130	40	90	0.3	0.2	0.4
42. Psychology	415	105	315	1.0	0.5	1.5
45. Social sciences	560	325	230	1.3	1.5	1.1
Business, management and public administration	5,405	2,035	3,370	12.5	9.5	15.5
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	255	40	210	0.6	0.2	1.0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	5,150	1,990	3,155	11.9	9.3	14.5
Physical and life sciences and technologies	660	395	260	1.5	1.8	1.2
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	240	125	120	0.6	0.6	0.6
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	130	75	50	0.3	0.3	0.2
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	90	65	25	0.2	0.3	0.1
40. Physical sciences	165	125	40	0.4	0.6	0.2
41. Science technologies/technicians	40	10	30	0.1	0.0	0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	505	305	195	1.2	1.4	0.9
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	390	270	120	0.9	1.3	0.6
25. Library science	45	0	45	0.1	0.0	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	60	30	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	4,765	4,395	365	11.0	20.5	1.7
04. Architecture and related services	215	130	85	0.5	0.6	0.4
14. Engineering	495	420	75	1.1	2.0	0.3
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	655	560	100	1.5	2.6	0.5
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	1,405	1,370	35	3.3	6.4	0.2
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,245	1,185	60	2.9	5.5	0.3
48. Precision production	745	730	10	1.7	3.4	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	790	460	335	1.8	2.1	1.5
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	425	190	235	1.0	0.9	1.1
03. Natural resources and conservation	360	265	100	0.8	1.2	0.5
Health and related fields	3,280	700	2,580	7.6	3.3	11.9
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	355	200	155	0.8	0.9	0.7
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	2,855	460	2,395	6.6	2.1	11.0
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	60	30	30	0.1	0.1	0.1
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,265	1,300	965	5.2	6.1	4.4
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	1,305	490	815	3.0	2.3	3.8
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	15	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	355	285	70	0.8	1.3	0.3
49. Transportation and materials moving	575	510	70	1.3	2.4	0.3
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	26,160	13,065	13,090	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	9,225	5,075	4,155	35.3	38.8	31.7
Education	1,125	250	880	4.3	1.9	6.7
13. Education	1,125	250	880	4.3	1.9	6.7
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	825	345	480	3.2	2.6	3.7
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	60	55	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	765	295	470	2.9	2.3	3.6
Humanities	825	310	520	3.2	2.4	4.0
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	100	0	95	0.4	0.0	0.7
23. English language and literature/letters	40	0	40	0.2	0.0	0.3
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	480	215	265	1.8	1.6	2.0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	35	10	30	0.1	0.1	0.2
39. Theology and religious vocations	20	20	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
54. History	40	30	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	95	35	60	0.4	0.3	0.5
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,505	465	1,040	5.8	3.6	7.9
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	205	65	140	0.8	0.5	1.1
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	305	40	265	1.2	0.3	2.0
22. Legal professions and studies	250	75	170	1.0	0.6	1.3
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	85	35	45	0.3	0.3	0.3
42. Psychology	275	55	220	1.1	0.4	1.7
45. Social sciences	370	185	185	1.4	1.4	1.4
Business, management and public administration	3,900	1,340	2,565	14.9	10.3	19.6
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	170	25	145	0.6	0.2	1.1
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,730	1,315	2,420	14.3	10.1	18.5
Physical and life sciences and technologies	375	205	170	1.4	1.6	1.3
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	145	55	90	0.6	0.4	0.7
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	95	65	30	0.4	0.5	0.2
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	20	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
40. Physical sciences	90	55	30	0.3	0.4	0.2
41. Science technologies/technicians	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	375	235	140	1.4	1.8	1.1
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	315	215	90	1.2	1.6	0.7
25. Library science	30	0	30	0.1	0.0	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	3,380	3,090	290	12.9	23.7	2.2
04. Architecture and related services	130	65	65	0.5	0.5	0.5
14. Engineering	385	325	65	1.5	2.5	0.5
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	430	350	85	1.6	2.7	0.6
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	1,010	990	15	3.9	7.6	0.1
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	910	860	50	3.5	6.6	0.4
48. Precision production	510	500	10	1.9	3.8	0.1
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	595	325	270	2.3	2.5	2.1
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	310	130	180	1.2	1.0	1.4
03. Natural resources and conservation	285	195	90	1.1	1.5	0.7
Health and related fields	2,275	490	1,785	8.7	3.8	13.6
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	240	135	105	0.9	1.0	0.8
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,980	325	1,650	7.6	2.5	12.6
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	50	25	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,745	940	805	6.7	7.2	6.1
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	1,050	370	675	4.0	2.8	5.2
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	255	185	70	1.0	1.4	0.5
49. Transportation and materials moving	430	380	55	1.6	2.9	0.4
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	26,160	13,065	13,090	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	9,225	5,075	4,155	35.3	38.8	31.7
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	16,930	7,995	8,940	64.7	61.2	68.3
Location of study inside Canada	15,965	7,425	8,535	61.0	56.8	65.2
Same as province or territory of residence	15,375	7,160	8,215	58.8	54.8	62.8
Different than province or territory of residence	585	270	315	2.2	2.1	2.4
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	970	565	405	3.7	4.3	3.1
Americas	205	125	85	0.8	1.0	0.6
United States of America	135	65	70	0.5	0.5	0.5
Mexico	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Cuba	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	30	25	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Europe	675	410	265	2.6	3.1	2.0
Belgium	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
France	475	305	170	1.8	2.3	1.3
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Romania	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Russian Federation	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	45	30	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Africa	20	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	60	15	45	0.2	0.1	0.3
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Oceania	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	43,150	21,460	21,690	...	...	...
In the labour force	24,750	12,955	11,790	...	...	...
Employed	22,005	11,490	10,515	...	...	...
Unemployed	2,745	1,465	1,280	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	18,400	8,500	9,895	...	...	...
Participation rate	57.4	60.4	54.4	57.4	60.4	54.4
Employment rate	51.0	53.5	48.5	51.0	53.5	48.5
Unemployment rate	11.1	11.3	10.9	11.1	11.3	10.9
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	43,150	21,460	21,690	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	17,215	7,925	9,295	39.9	36.9	42.9
Worked	25,935	13,540	12,400	60.1	63.1	57.2
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	11,140	6,010	5,135	25.8	28.0	23.7
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	14,795	7,530	7,260	34.3	35.1	33.5
Average weeks worked in reference year	38.8	39.0	38.7	38.8	39.0	38.7
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	24,750	12,960	11,795	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	495	270	225	2.0	2.1	1.9
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	24,255	12,690	11,565	98.0	97.9	98.1
Employee	19,215	9,640	9,575	77.6	74.4	81.2
Permanent position	15,310	7,585	7,725	61.9	58.5	65.5
Temporary position	3,905	2,060	1,845	15.8	15.9	15.6
Fixed term (1 year or more)	945	445	500	3.8	3.4	4.2
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	2,960	1,610	1,345	12.0	12.4	11.4
Self-employed¹⁹²	5,045	3,050	1,990	20.4	23.5	16.9
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	24,750	12,960	11,795	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	495	270	225	2.0	2.1	1.9
All occupations¹⁹¹	24,255	12,690	11,565	98.0	97.9	98.1
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	595	450	145	2.4	3.5	1.2
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	3,470	860	2,605	14.0	6.6	22.1
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,075	800	270	4.3	6.2	2.3
3 Health occupations	1,945	395	1,550	7.9	3.0	13.1
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	2,825	845	1,985	11.4	6.5	16.8
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	860	440	415	3.5	3.4	3.5
6 Sales and service occupations	7,320	3,290	4,030	29.6	25.4	34.2
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	4,890	4,555	335	19.8	35.1	2.8
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	745	625	120	3.0	4.8	1.0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	525	425	100	2.1	3.3	0.8
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	24,750	12,960	11,795	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	495	270	225	2.0	2.1	1.9
All industries¹⁹¹	24,255	12,690	11,565	98.0	97.9	98.1
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	450	305	145	1.8	2.4	1.2
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	150	115	30	0.6	0.9	0.3
22 Utilities	135	110	25	0.5	0.8	0.2
23 Construction	2,790	2,385	405	11.3	18.4	3.4
31-33 Manufacturing	975	740	240	3.9	5.7	2.0
41 Wholesale trade	460	300	165	1.9	2.3	1.4
44-45 Retail trade	3,115	1,430	1,690	12.6	11.0	14.3
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	705	540	160	2.8	4.2	1.4
51 Information and cultural industries	315	180	135	1.3	1.4	1.1
52 Finance and insurance	490	220	275	2.0	1.7	2.3
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	580	275	305	2.3	2.1	2.6
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,645	810	835	6.6	6.3	7.1
55 Management of companies and enterprises	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,285	855	425	5.2	6.6	3.6
61 Educational services	1,595	485	1,110	6.4	3.7	9.4
62 Health care and social assistance	3,375	675	2,700	13.6	5.2	22.9
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	1,355	820	530	5.5	6.3	4.5
72 Accommodation and food services	2,285	1,135	1,150	9.2	8.8	9.7
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,245	580	665	5.0	4.5	5.6
91 Public administration	1,285	720	560	5.2	5.6	4.7
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	27,530	14,365	13,165	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	890	535	360	3.2	3.7	2.7
French	20,020	10,460	9,565	72.7	72.8	72.7
Non-official language	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	6,440	3,290	3,150	23.4	22.9	23.9
English and non-official language(s)	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	140	70	70	0.5	0.5	0.5
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	27,530	14,365	13,165	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	26,475	13,840	12,635	96.2	96.3	96.0
Official languages	26,460	13,840	12,625	96.1	96.3	95.9
English	1,860	1,080	780	6.8	7.5	5.9
French	24,595	12,760	11,845	89.3	88.8	90.0
Non-official languages	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	1,055	525	535	3.8	3.7	4.1
English and French	1,040	520	515	3.8	3.6	3.9
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	27,530	14,365	13,165	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	21,940	11,505	10,435	79.7	80.1	79.3
English	4,530	2,270	2,260	16.5	15.8	17.2
French	910	515	395	3.3	3.6	3.0
Non-official language	60	30	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	60	30	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	45	20	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	50	35	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	22,005	11,490	10,510	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	3,695	1,785	1,910	16.8	15.5	18.2
Worked outside Canada	40	30	15	0.2	0.3	0.1
No fixed workplace address	3,385	2,565	820	15.4	22.3	7.8
Usual place of work	14,885	7,115	7,760	67.6	61.9	73.8
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	14,885	7,115	7,765	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	5,845	2,720	3,125	39.3	38.2	40.2
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	5,290	2,395	2,895	35.5	33.7	37.3
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	3,700	1,965	1,735	24.9	27.6	22.3
Commute to a different province or territory	40	35	10	0.3	0.5	0.1
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	18,270	9,685	8,585	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	16,780	8,965	7,815	91.8	92.6	91.0
Car, truck or van - as a driver	15,955	8,565	7,390	87.3	88.4	86.1
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	830	405	425	4.5	4.2	5.0
Public transit	185	85	95	1.0	0.9	1.1
Walked	890	365	525	4.9	3.8	6.1
Bicycle	110	65	45	0.6	0.7	0.5
Other method	305	195	110	1.7	2.0	1.3
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	18,270	9,685	8,585	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	7,045	3,480	3,570	38.6	35.9	41.6
15 to 29 minutes	5,870	2,970	2,895	32.1	30.7	33.7
30 to 44 minutes	2,880	1,540	1,345	15.8	15.9	15.7
45 to 59 minutes	1,015	630	385	5.6	6.5	4.5
60 minutes and over	1,455	1,050	400	8.0	10.8	4.7
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	18,270	9,685	8,585	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,015	825	190	5.6	8.5	2.2
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	3,075	2,230	845	16.8	23.0	9.8
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	5,885	3,070	2,815	32.2	31.7	32.8
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	4,170	1,665	2,505	22.8	17.2	29.2
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	2,060	765	1,305	11.3	7.9	15.2
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	2,055	1,125	930	11.2	11.6	10.8
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	7,885	4,095	3,785	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,120	580	535	14.2	14.2	14.1
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	6,765	3,510	3,250	85.8	85.7	85.9
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	5,865	3,070	2,790	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	840	425	410	14.3	13.8	14.7
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	565	285	285	9.6	9.3	10.2
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	275	145	130	4.7	4.7	4.7
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	5,025	2,645	2,380	85.7	86.2	85.3

Symbol legend

...
not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 18, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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