Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Les Jardins-de-Napierville, Municipalité régionale de comté (MRC)More information: Quebec [Census division]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	30,339	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	27,870	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	8.9	...	...	8.9	...	...
Total private dwellings²	12,446	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	11,859	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	37.8	...	...	37.8	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	802.52	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	30,340	15,695	14,640	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	5,475	2,810	2,665	18.0	17.9	18.2
0 to 4 years	1,825	940	880	6.0	6.0	6.0
5 to 9 years	1,855	955	900	6.1	6.1	6.1
10 to 14 years	1,790	910	880	5.9	5.8	6.0
15 to 64 years	19,465	10,175	9,290	64.2	64.8	63.5
15 to 19 years	1,535	785	745	5.1	5.0	5.1
20 to 24 years	1,540	785	755	5.1	5.0	5.2
25 to 29 years	2,065	1,080	985	6.8	6.9	6.7
30 to 34 years	2,155	1,110	1,045	7.1	7.1	7.1
35 to 39 years	2,070	1,130	945	6.8	7.2	6.5
40 to 44 years	2,060	1,115	950	6.8	7.1	6.5
45 to 49 years	1,765	940	825	5.8	6.0	5.6
50 to 54 years	1,830	940	890	6.0	6.0	6.1
55 to 59 years	2,315	1,235	1,080	7.6	7.9	7.4
60 to 64 years	2,130	1,055	1,075	7.0	6.7	7.3
65 years and over	5,405	2,715	2,695	17.8	17.3	18.4
65 to 69 years	1,750	915	835	5.8	5.8	5.7
70 to 74 years	1,365	735	635	4.5	4.7	4.3
75 to 79 years	995	490	510	3.3	3.1	3.5
80 to 84 years	615	295	320	2.0	1.9	2.2
85 years and over	680	280	395	2.2	1.8	2.7
85 to 89 years	470	205	270	1.5	1.3	1.8
90 to 94 years	155	65	95	0.5	0.4	0.6
95 to 99 years	45	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
100 years and over	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	18.0	17.9	18.2	18.0	17.9	18.2
15 to 64 years	64.2	64.8	63.5	64.2	64.8	63.5
65 years and over	17.8	17.3	18.4	17.8	17.3	18.4
85 years and over	2.2	1.8	2.7	2.2	1.8	2.7
Average age of the population	41.0	40.8	41.3	41.0	40.8	41.3
Median age of the population	40.8	40.4	40.8	40.8	40.4	40.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	11,860	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	8,265	...	...	69.7	...	...
Semi-detached house	730	...	...	6.2	...	...
Row house	350	...	...	3.0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	365	...	...	3.1	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,785	...	...	15.1	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	95	...	...	0.8	...	...
Other single-attached house	90	...	...	0.8	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	180	...	...	1.5	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	11,860	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	3,225	...	...	27.2	...	...
2 persons	4,350	...	...	36.7	...	...
3 persons	1,735	...	...	14.6	...	...
4 persons	1,600	...	...	13.5	...	...
5 or more persons	950	...	...	8.0	...	...
Number of persons in private households	28,755	14,660	14,090	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.4	...	...	2.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	24,870	12,890	11,975	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	15,135	7,770	7,370	60.9	60.3	61.5
Married	7,860	4,140	3,725	31.6	32.1	31.1
Living common-law	7,270	3,625	3,640	29.2	28.1	30.4
Living common law - Never married	6,135	3,065	3,070	24.7	23.8	25.6
Living common law - Separated	65	40	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
Living common law - Divorced	935	465	470	3.8	3.6	3.9
Living common law - Widowed	140	65	80	0.6	0.5	0.7
Not married and not living common-law	9,730	5,125	4,610	39.1	39.8	38.5
Not married and not living common law - Never married	6,710	3,890	2,825	27.0	30.2	23.6
Not married and not living common law - Separated	275	165	115	1.1	1.3	1.0
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	1,445	740	705	5.8	5.7	5.9
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	1,300	330	970	5.2	2.6	8.1
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	8,450	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	4,425	...	...	52.4	...	...
3 persons	1,710	...	...	20.2	...	...
4 persons	1,535	...	...	18.2	...	...
5 or more persons	780	...	...	9.2	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	8,450	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	7,185	...	...	85.0	...	...
Married couples	3,550	...	...	42.0	...	...
With children⁶	1,370	...	...	16.2	...	...
Without children	2,185	...	...	25.9	...	...
Common-law couples	3,635	...	...	43.0	...	...
With children⁶	2,115	...	...	25.0	...	...
Without children	1,520	...	...	18.0	...	...
Total one-parent families	1,265	...	...	15.0	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	850	...	...	10.1	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	415	...	...	4.9	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	28,755	14,660	14,090	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	24,275	12,210	12,070	84.4	83.3	85.7
Married spouses or common-law partners	14,375	7,175	7,195	50.0	48.9	51.1
Parents in one-parent families	1,265	415	845	4.4	2.8	6.0
Children⁶	8,640	4,615	4,025	30.0	31.5	28.6
In a two-parent family	6,630	3,525	3,105	23.1	24.0	22.0
In a one-parent family	2,005	1,090	915	7.0	7.4	6.5
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	4,480	2,455	2,030	15.6	16.7	14.4
Living alone	3,225	1,730	1,495	11.2	11.8	10.6
Living with other relatives⁷	515	255	265	1.8	1.7	1.9
Living with non-relatives only	740	470	270	2.6	3.2	1.9
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	11,860	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	7,785	...	...	65.6	...	...
Couple-family households	6,700	...	...	56.5	...	...
With children⁶	3,250	...	...	27.4	...	...
Without children	3,450	...	...	29.1	...	...
One-parent-family households	1,085	...	...	9.1	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	210	...	...	1.8	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	50	...	...	0.4	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	245	...	...	2.1	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	340	...	...	2.9	...	...
One-person households	3,225	...	...	27.2	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	23,300	11,865	11,435	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	22,885	11,660	11,230	98.2	98.3	98.2
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,000	47,200	36,800	42,000	47,200	36,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	22,885	11,660	11,230	98.2	98.3	98.2
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,200	40,800	33,200	37,200	40,800	33,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	20,940	10,900	10,035	89.9	91.9	87.8
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	33,600	41,200	26,200	33,600	41,200	26,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	17,525	9,310	8,215	75.2	78.5	71.8
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,400	43,600	29,400	36,400	43,600	29,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	18,925	9,145	9,780	81.2	77.1	85.5
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,000	9,200	12,600	11,000	9,200	12,600
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	3,495	1,805	1,690	15.0	15.2	14.8
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,560	5,560	5,520	5,560	5,560	5,520
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,775	3,545	3,225	29.1	29.9	28.2
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	5,520	6,500	6,000	5,520	6,500
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	23,300	11,865	11,435	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	22,900	11,655	11,240	98.3	98.2	98.3
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	47,440	53,150	41,520	47,440	53,150	41,520
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	22,900	11,655	11,240	98.3	98.2	98.3
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,760	43,360	36,040	39,760	43,360	36,040
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	20,965	10,940	10,025	90.0	92.2	87.7
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,640	47,320	33,320	40,640	47,320	33,320
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	17,530	9,240	8,290	75.2	77.9	72.5
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,800	47,600	35,320	41,800	47,600	35,320
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	18,820	9,040	9,775	80.8	76.2	85.5
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,460	11,250	13,580	12,460	11,250	13,580
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	3,435	1,810	1,620	14.7	15.3	14.2
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,100	6,340	7,960	7,100	6,340	7,960
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,600	3,400	3,205	28.3	28.7	28.0
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,260	6,880	7,670	7,260	6,880	7,670
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	23,300	11,865	11,440	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	8,750	4,880	3,875	37.6	41.1	33.9
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	52,800	59,200	46,800	52,800	59,200	46,800
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	57,150	61,700	51,400	57,150	61,700	51,400
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	7,070	3,415	3,655	30.3	28.8	31.9
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	20,800	28,200	17,200	20,800	28,200	17,200
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	29,200	36,160	22,660	29,200	36,160	22,660
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	78.4	83.6	71.6	78.4	83.6	71.6
Employment income (%)¹⁹	67.4	71.0	62.7	67.4	71.0	62.7
Government transfers (%)²⁰	21.6	16.4	28.5	21.6	16.4	28.5
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.2	1.9	2.8	2.2	1.9	2.8
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.2	4.3	6.4	5.2	4.3	6.4
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.4	3.8	5.3	4.4	3.8	5.3
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	23,300	11,860	11,435	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	415	205	210	1.8	1.7	1.8
With total income	22,885	11,660	11,225	98.2	98.3	98.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,375	575	800	6.0	4.9	7.1
$10,000 to $19,999	2,650	1,015	1,635	11.6	8.7	14.6
$20,000 to $29,999	3,830	1,780	2,050	16.7	15.3	18.3
$30,000 to $39,999	3,015	1,365	1,655	13.2	11.7	14.7
$40,000 to $49,999	3,095	1,505	1,590	13.5	12.9	14.2
$50,000 to $59,999	2,550	1,330	1,220	11.1	11.4	10.9
$60,000 to $69,999	1,925	1,105	820	8.4	9.5	7.3
$70,000 to $79,999	1,385	895	490	6.1	7.7	4.4
$80,000 to $89,999	1,035	685	350	4.5	5.9	3.1
$90,000 to $99,999	625	440	190	2.7	3.8	1.7
$100,000 and over	1,395	960	430	6.1	8.2	3.8
$100,000 to $149,999	1,080	720	355	4.7	6.2	3.2
$150,000 and over	315	240	75	1.4	2.1	0.7
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	23,300	11,860	11,435	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	415	205	210	1.8	1.7	1.8
With after-tax income	22,885	11,660	11,225	98.2	98.3	98.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,475	620	855	6.4	5.3	7.6
$10,000 to $19,999	2,805	1,105	1,695	12.3	9.5	15.1
$20,000 to $29,999	4,465	2,045	2,415	19.5	17.5	21.5
$30,000 to $39,999	3,945	1,920	2,025	17.2	16.5	18.0
$40,000 to $49,999	3,725	1,985	1,740	16.3	17.0	15.5
$50,000 to $59,999	2,615	1,500	1,115	11.4	12.9	9.9
$60,000 to $69,999	1,700	1,060	640	7.4	9.1	5.7
$70,000 to $79,999	930	595	330	4.1	5.1	2.9
$80,000 to $89,999	490	320	175	2.1	2.7	1.6
$90,000 to $99,999	290	185	105	1.3	1.6	0.9
$100,000 and over	455	330	120	2.0	2.8	1.1
$100,000 to $124,999	260	190	75	1.1	1.6	0.7
$125,000 and over	190	145	50	0.8	1.2	0.4
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	23,300	11,860	11,435	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	5,775	2,555	3,220	24.8	21.5	28.2
With employment income	17,525	9,310	8,220	75.2	78.5	71.9
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,920	950	965	11.0	10.2	11.7
$5,000 to $9,999	1,400	580	815	8.0	6.2	9.9
$10,000 to $19,999	2,275	960	1,320	13.0	10.3	16.1
$20,000 to $29,999	1,945	855	1,085	11.1	9.2	13.2
$30,000 to $39,999	1,980	980	1,005	11.3	10.5	12.2
$40,000 to $49,999	1,945	1,005	935	11.1	10.8	11.4
$50,000 to $59,999	1,615	925	695	9.2	9.9	8.5
$60,000 to $69,999	1,275	825	450	7.3	8.9	5.5
$70,000 to $79,999	985	680	305	5.6	7.3	3.7
$80,000 to $89,999	755	530	225	4.3	5.7	2.7
$90,000 to $99,999	450	320	135	2.6	3.4	1.6
$100,000 and over	975	690	285	5.6	7.4	3.5
$100,000 to $124,999	555	370	180	3.2	4.0	2.2
$125,000 and over	425	320	105	2.4	3.4	1.3
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	23,300	11,865	11,435	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	22,600	11,510	11,090	97.0	97.0	97.0
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,600	46,000	33,600	39,600	46,000	33,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	22,605	11,510	11,095	97.0	97.0	97.0
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,200	39,600	30,400	35,200	39,600	30,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	20,690	10,785	9,900	88.8	90.9	86.6
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,200	43,200	27,800	35,200	43,200	27,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	17,580	9,320	8,260	75.5	78.6	72.2
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	37,200	44,400	30,000	37,200	44,400	30,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	17,065	8,025	9,040	73.2	67.6	79.1
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,200	6,080	9,700	8,200	6,080	9,700
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	3,405	1,795	1,610	14.6	15.1	14.1
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,880	4,560	5,080	4,880	4,560	5,080
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	23,300	11,865	11,435	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	22,505	11,430	11,075	96.6	96.3	96.9
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	45,600	52,300	38,680	45,600	52,300	38,680
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	22,510	11,430	11,085	96.6	96.3	96.9
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,080	42,520	33,520	38,080	42,520	33,520
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	20,615	10,745	9,870	88.5	90.6	86.3
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,640	49,000	33,600	41,640	49,000	33,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	17,460	9,155	8,305	74.9	77.2	72.6
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,480	49,000	35,320	42,480	49,000	35,320
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	17,105	8,090	9,015	73.4	68.2	78.8
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,810	8,790	10,710	9,810	8,790	10,710
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	3,425	1,855	1,570	14.7	15.6	13.7
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,560	5,705	7,560	6,560	5,705	7,560
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	23,300	11,865	11,440	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	8,705	4,850	3,850	37.4	40.9	33.7
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	51,600	58,000	43,600	51,600	58,000	43,600
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	55,150	60,750	48,040	55,150	60,750	48,040
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	6,715	3,245	3,475	28.8	27.3	30.4
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	25,600	35,200	20,400	25,600	35,200	20,400
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	33,560	41,240	26,400	33,560	41,240	26,400
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	83.6	88.2	77.4	83.6	88.2	77.4
Employment income (%)	72.4	75.0	68.6	72.4	75.0	68.6
Government transfers (%)	16.4	11.9	22.6	16.4	11.9	22.6
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.2	1.8	2.8	2.2	1.8	2.8
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	11,860	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	81,000	...	...	81,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	69,500	...	...	69,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	3,225	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	38,000	...	...	38,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	34,400	...	...	34,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	8,630	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	100,000	...	...	100,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	86,000	...	...	86,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	11,860	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	91,600	...	...	91,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	76,800	...	...	76,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	3,235	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	44,960	...	...	44,960	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	38,080	...	...	38,080	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	8,625	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	109,100	...	...	109,100	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	91,300	...	...	91,300	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	11,855	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	50	...	...	0.4	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	40	...	...	0.3	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	110	...	...	0.9	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	160	...	...	1.3	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	600	...	...	5.1	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	400	...	...	3.4	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	375	...	...	3.2	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	505	...	...	4.3	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	500	...	...	4.2	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	480	...	...	4.0	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	925	...	...	7.8	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	895	...	...	7.5	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	825	...	...	7.0	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	770	...	...	6.5	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	760	...	...	6.4	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,465	...	...	37.7	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,665	...	...	14.0	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,090	...	...	9.2	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,090	...	...	9.2	...	...
$200,000 and over	620	...	...	5.2	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	11,855	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	65	...	...	0.5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	50	...	...	0.4	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	105	...	...	0.9	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	175	...	...	1.5	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	645	...	...	5.4	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	490	...	...	4.1	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	450	...	...	3.8	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	620	...	...	5.2	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	600	...	...	5.1	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	570	...	...	4.8	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,145	...	...	9.7	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,060	...	...	8.9	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	930	...	...	7.8	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	980	...	...	8.3	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	835	...	...	7.0	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,130	...	...	26.4	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,545	...	...	13.0	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	805	...	...	6.8	...	...
$150,000 and over	785	...	...	6.6	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	8,390	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	100,000	...	...	100,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	86,000	...	...	86,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	3,475	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	84,000	...	...	84,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	72,500	...	...	72,500	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	3,500	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	126,000	...	...	126,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	107,000	...	...	107,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,205	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	68,000	...	...	68,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	61,200	...	...	61,200	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	3,965	2,200	1,765	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	36,000	40,400	32,400	36,000	40,400	32,400
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	32,400	35,600	29,800	32,400	35,600	29,800
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	8,405	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	108,800	...	...	108,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	90,900	...	...	90,900	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	3,490	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	93,900	...	...	93,900	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	77,800	...	...	77,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	3,490	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	135,600	...	...	135,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	112,800	...	...	112,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,220	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	74,400	...	...	74,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	65,200	...	...	65,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	3,965	2,260	1,705	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	43,440	47,720	37,760	43,440	47,720	37,760
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	36,840	39,560	33,280	36,840	39,560	33,280
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	28,755	14,660	14,095	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	6,365	3,260	3,105	22.1	22.2	22.0
0 to 5 years	2,185	1,110	1,075	7.6	7.6	7.6
18 to 64 years	17,435	8,895	8,535	60.6	60.7	60.6
65 years and over	4,955	2,500	2,450	17.2	17.1	17.4
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	2,605	1,230	1,375	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	435	230	205	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	155	80	80	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	1,160	575	580	...	...	...
65 years and over	1,010	430	585	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	9.1	8.4	9.7	9.1	8.4	9.7
0 to 17 years (%)	6.8	7.1	6.6	6.8	7.1	6.6
0 to 5 years (%)	7.2	7.0	7.5	7.2	7.0	7.5
18 to 64 years (%)	6.6	6.5	6.8	6.6	6.5	6.8
65 years and over (%)	20.4	17.1	23.8	20.4	17.1	23.8
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	28,755	14,660	14,095	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	6,365	3,260	3,105	22.1	22.2	22.0
0 to 5 years	2,185	1,115	1,070	7.6	7.6	7.6
18 to 64 years	17,430	8,900	8,535	60.6	60.7	60.6
65 years and over	4,955	2,505	2,455	17.2	17.1	17.4
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	445	255	195	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	40	25	20	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	15	5	5	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	365	210	150	...	...	...
65 years and over	45	20	25	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	1.6	1.7	1.4	1.6	1.7	1.4
0 to 17 years (%)	0.6	0.7	0.5	0.6	0.7	0.5
0 to 5 years (%)	0.5	0.4	0.6	0.5	0.4	0.6
18 to 64 years (%)	2.1	2.4	1.8	2.1	2.4	1.8
65 years and over (%)	0.9	0.9	1.0	0.9	0.9	1.0
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	28,755	14,660	14,095	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	15,840	7,930	7,910	55.1	54.1	56.1
In bottom decile	2,200	1,115	1,085	7.7	7.6	7.7
In second decile	2,990	1,455	1,535	10.4	9.9	10.9
In third decile	3,380	1,685	1,700	11.8	11.5	12.1
In fourth decile	3,700	1,875	1,825	12.9	12.8	12.9
In fifth decile	3,560	1,795	1,765	12.4	12.2	12.5
In top half of the distribution	12,915	6,730	6,185	44.9	45.9	43.9
In sixth decile	3,535	1,855	1,680	12.3	12.7	11.9
In seventh decile	3,450	1,795	1,655	12.0	12.2	11.7
In eighth decile	2,775	1,450	1,320	9.7	9.9	9.4
In ninth decile	1,975	1,015	965	6.9	6.9	6.8
In top decile	1,185	615	565	4.1	4.2	4.0
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	28,755	...	...	28,755	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.271	...	...	0.271	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.393	...	...	0.393	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.235	...	...	0.235	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	30,190	15,645	14,550	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	550	280	265	1.8	1.8	1.8
French only	18,190	9,150	9,040	60.3	58.5	62.1
English and French	11,260	6,055	5,210	37.3	38.7	35.8
Neither English nor French	190	155	30	0.6	1.0	0.2
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	30,190	15,645	14,550	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	2,005	1,020	985	6.6	6.5	6.8
French	27,720	14,350	13,370	91.8	91.7	91.9
English and French	285	120	165	0.9	0.8	1.1
Neither English nor French	185	155	30	0.6	1.0	0.2
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	30,190	15,645	14,550	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	29,485	15,265	14,220	97.7	97.6	97.7
Official languages	28,575	14,730	13,845	94.7	94.2	95.2
English	1,680	860	825	5.6	5.5	5.7
French	26,895	13,875	13,025	89.1	88.7	89.5
Non-official languages	910	530	375	3.0	3.4	2.6
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	910	530	380	3.0	3.4	2.6
Afro-Asiatic languages	45	30	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	45	25	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	35	25	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Aramaic languages	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	20	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Haitian Creole	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	20	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	720	435	280	2.4	2.8	1.9
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	70	30	40	0.2	0.2	0.3
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	70	30	40	0.2	0.2	0.3
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	20	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Russian	30	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	105	45	55	0.3	0.3	0.4
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	70	25	40	0.2	0.2	0.3
German	65	25	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	20	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	15	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	520	340	170	1.7	2.2	1.2
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	70	45	25	0.2	0.3	0.2
Portuguese	45	25	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
Romanian	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Spanish	375	265	115	1.2	1.7	0.8
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	10	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	15	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	10	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	705	380	325	2.3	2.4	2.2
English and French	595	315	275	2.0	2.0	1.9
English and non-official language(s)	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	55	30	20	0.2	0.2	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	30,190	15,645	14,550	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	1,465	740	725	4.9	4.7	5.0
French	26,325	13,610	12,710	87.2	87.0	87.4
Non-official language	335	245	90	1.1	1.6	0.6
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	335	245	90	1.1	1.6	0.6
English and French	1,495	760	740	5.0	4.9	5.1
English and non-official language(s)	105	50	55	0.3	0.3	0.4
French and non-official language(s)	285	135	150	0.9	0.9	1.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	180	100	85	0.6	0.6	0.6
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	30,190	15,645	14,550	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	29,725	15,425	14,305	98.5	98.6	98.3
Official languages	29,250	15,120	14,135	96.9	96.6	97.1
English	1,870	940	925	6.2	6.0	6.4
French	27,380	14,175	13,205	90.7	90.6	90.8
Non-official languages	480	310	170	1.6	2.0	1.2
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	480	310	170	1.6	2.0	1.2
Afro-Asiatic languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	15	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	385	260	125	1.3	1.7	0.9
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	20	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	15	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	315	235	85	1.0	1.5	0.6
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	10	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Portuguese	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	280	215	65	0.9	1.4	0.4
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	30	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	465	220	245	1.5	1.4	1.7
English and French	355	165	190	1.2	1.1	1.3
English and non-official language(s)	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	65	30	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	30,190	15,645	14,550	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	28,555	14,800	13,755	94.6	94.6	94.5
English	870	460	410	2.9	2.9	2.8
French	415	205	215	1.4	1.3	1.5
Non-official language	205	95	105	0.7	0.6	0.7
Indigenous³⁹	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	190	95	100	0.6	0.6	0.7
English and French	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and non-official language(s)	85	50	35	0.3	0.3	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	28,755	14,665	14,095	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	28,585	14,510	14,070	99.4	98.9	99.8
English	11,680	6,280	5,400	40.6	42.8	38.3
French	28,060	14,220	13,840	97.6	97.0	98.2
Non-official languages	2,000	1,030	970	7.0	7.0	6.9
Indigenous languages³⁹	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,995	1,030	970	6.9	7.0	6.9
Afro-Asiatic languages	100	60	45	0.3	0.4	0.3
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	100	60	45	0.3	0.4	0.3
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	80	45	35	0.3	0.3	0.2
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	35	0	35	0.1	0.0	0.2
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	80	40	40	0.3	0.3	0.3
Haitian Creole	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	50	25	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,655	865	790	5.8	5.9	5.6
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	95	45	50	0.3	0.3	0.4
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	95	45	50	0.3	0.3	0.4
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Russian	45	10	30	0.2	0.1	0.2
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	205	75	125	0.7	0.5	0.9
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	160	65	95	0.6	0.4	0.7
German	160	65	90	0.6	0.4	0.6
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	35	0	30	0.1	0.0	0.2
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	35	0	30	0.1	0.0	0.2
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	30	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,345	725	620	4.7	4.9	4.4
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	150	90	60	0.5	0.6	0.4
Portuguese	80	35	40	0.3	0.2	0.3
Romanian	50	20	35	0.2	0.1	0.2
Spanish	1,130	615	515	3.9	4.2	3.7
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	45	30	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	40	25	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Chinese languages	40	25	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	28,755	14,660	14,095	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	685	330	350	2.4	2.3	2.5
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	630	300	330	2.2	2.0	2.3
First Nations (North American Indian)	410	200	210	1.4	1.4	1.5
Métis	220	100	125	0.8	0.7	0.9
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	45	20	15	0.2	0.1	0.1
Non-Indigenous identity	28,070	14,330	13,740	97.6	97.7	97.5
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	28,755	14,660	14,095	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	185	85	100	0.6	0.6	0.7
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	28,570	14,575	13,995	99.4	99.4	99.3
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	11,860	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	8,870	...	...	74.8	...	...
Renter	2,985	...	...	25.2	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	11,860	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	1,085	...	...	9.1	...	...
Not condominium	10,775	...	...	90.9	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	11,860	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	10	...	...	0.1	...	...
1 bedroom	990	...	...	8.3	...	...
2 bedrooms	3,345	...	...	28.2	...	...
3 bedrooms	4,445	...	...	37.5	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	3,065	...	...	25.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	11,860	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	2,620	...	...	22.1	...	...
5 rooms	2,095	...	...	17.7	...	...
6 rooms	1,715	...	...	14.5	...	...
7 rooms	1,615	...	...	13.6	...	...
8 or more rooms	3,810	...	...	32.1	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.5	...	...	6.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	11,860	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	11,785	...	...	99.4	...	...
More than one person per room	70	...	...	0.6	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	11,860	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	11,570	...	...	97.6	...	...
Not suitable	290	...	...	2.4	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	11,860	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	2,620	...	...	22.1	...	...
1961 to 1980	3,045	...	...	25.7	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,420	...	...	12.0	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,000	...	...	8.4	...	...
2001 to 2005	530	...	...	4.5	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,030	...	...	8.7	...	...
2011 to 2015	1,120	...	...	9.4	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	1,090	...	...	9.2	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	11,860	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	11,150	...	...	94.0	...	...
Major repairs needed	705	...	...	5.9	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	11,860	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	6,075	...	...	51.2	...	...
Two-maintainer household	5,560	...	...	46.9	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	220	...	...	1.9	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	11,860	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	230	...	...	1.9	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,920	...	...	16.2	...	...
35 to 44 years	2,110	...	...	17.8	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,925	...	...	16.2	...	...
55 to 64 years	2,450	...	...	20.7	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,800	...	...	15.2	...	...
75 to 84 years	975	...	...	8.2	...	...
85 years and over	450	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	11,495	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	10,025	...	...	87.2	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	1,465	...	...	12.7	...	...
30% to less than 100%	1,410	...	...	12.3	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	11,860	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	2,280	...	...	19.2	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	1,325	...	...	11.2	...	...
Not suitable only	225	...	...	1.9	...	...
Major repairs needed only	550	...	...	4.6	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	20	...	...	0.2	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	120	...	...	1.0	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	35	...	...	0.3	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	9,575	...	...	80.7	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	11,440	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	625	...	...	5.5	...	...
Not in core need	10,815	...	...	94.5	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	8,575	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	64.5	...	...	64.5	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	8.9	...	...	8.9	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	3.2	...	...	3.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,100	...	...	1,100	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,118	...	...	1,118	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	324,000	...	...	324,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	348,800	...	...	348,800	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,955	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	5.1	...	...	5.1	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	23.9	...	...	23.9	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	12.2	...	...	12.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	810	...	...	810	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	845	...	...	845	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	28,755	14,660	14,090	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	610	300	310	2.1	2.0	2.2
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	610	300	310	2.1	2.0	2.2
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	510	250	260	1.8	1.7	1.8
Métis single ancestry	85	40	50	0.3	0.3	0.4
Inuit single ancestry	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	750	365	385	2.6	2.5	2.7
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	750	365	385	2.6	2.5	2.7
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	660	305	355	2.3	2.1	2.5
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	90	60	30	0.3	0.4	0.2
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	27,400	13,995	13,400	95.3	95.5	95.1
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	28,755	14,660	14,095	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	28,235	14,335	13,900	98.2	97.8	98.6
Canadian citizens aged under 18	6,320	3,255	3,070	22.0	22.2	21.8
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	21,915	11,080	10,830	76.2	75.6	76.8
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	520	325	195	1.8	2.2	1.4
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	28,755	14,660	14,095	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	27,455	13,965	13,495	95.5	95.3	95.7
Immigrants⁸¹	1,110	535	575	3.9	3.6	4.1
Before 1980	335	170	165	1.2	1.2	1.2
1980 to 1990	140	60	80	0.5	0.4	0.6
1991 to 2000	185	100	90	0.6	0.7	0.6
2001 to 2010	180	85	90	0.6	0.6	0.6
2011 to 2021⁸²	270	120	145	0.9	0.8	1.0
2011 to 2015	175	65	100	0.6	0.4	0.7
2016 to 2021	95	50	45	0.3	0.3	0.3
Non-permanent residents⁸³	190	165	25	0.7	1.1	0.2
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	1,110	535	580	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	160	75	80	14.4	14.0	13.8
5 to 14 years	245	125	120	22.1	23.4	20.7
15 to 24 years	270	155	120	24.3	29.0	20.7
25 to 44 years	380	155	230	34.2	29.0	39.7
45 years and over	55	25	30	5.0	4.7	5.2
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	1,110	535	580	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	290	115	175	26.1	21.5	30.2
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	40	20	25	3.6	3.7	4.3
El Salvador	10	0	0	0.9	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	15	10	10	1.4	1.9	1.7
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	30	10	20	2.7	1.9	3.4
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	100	45	60	9.0	8.4	10.3
Other places of birth in Americas	75	20	55	6.8	3.7	9.5
Europe	490	245	250	44.1	45.8	43.1
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	155	95	60	14.0	17.8	10.3
Germany	45	25	25	4.1	4.7	4.3
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	10	0	0	0.9	0.0	0.0
Italy	50	30	25	4.5	5.6	4.3
Netherlands	15	0	10	1.4	0.0	1.7
Poland	15	0	0	1.4	0.0	0.0
Portugal	20	10	10	1.8	1.9	1.7
Romania	30	15	20	2.7	2.8	3.4
Russian Federation	10	0	10	0.9	0.0	1.7
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	40	15	20	3.6	2.8	3.4
Other places of birth in Europe	95	40	50	8.6	7.5	8.6
Africa	175	110	60	15.8	20.6	10.3
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	15	0	0	1.4	0.0	0.0
Egypt	10	10	0	0.9	1.9	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	25	15	10	2.3	2.8	1.7
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	115	70	45	10.4	13.1	7.8
Asia	150	70	80	13.5	13.1	13.8
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	20	15	10	1.8	2.8	1.7
China⁹⁰	35	15	15	3.2	2.8	2.6
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	20	0	20	1.8	0.0	3.4
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	40	15	25	3.6	2.8	4.3
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	95	50	45	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	30	15	20	31.6	30.0	44.4
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	15	10	0	15.8	20.0	0.0
United States of America	10	10	0	10.5	20.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	10	0	10	10.5	0.0	22.2
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	40	30	15	42.1	60.0	33.3
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	15	10	0	15.8	20.0	0.0
Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	28,755	14,665	14,095	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	1,395	745	650	4.9	5.1	4.6
Second generation¹⁰¹	1,525	810	715	5.3	5.5	5.1
Third generation or more¹⁰²	25,835	13,105	12,725	89.8	89.4	90.3
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	775	365	410	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	410	225	190	52.9	61.6	46.3
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	140	90	50	18.1	24.7	12.2
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	270	130	140	34.8	35.6	34.1
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	240	75	170	31.0	20.5	41.5
Refugees¹⁰⁸	115	65	50	14.8	17.8	12.2
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	10	0	0	1.3	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	775	365	410	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	90	45	45	11.6	12.3	11.0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	65	35	30	8.4	9.6	7.3
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	10	10	0	1.3	2.7	0.0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	25	10	20	3.2	2.7	4.9
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	10	0	10	1.3	0.0	2.4
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	580	265	310	74.8	72.6	75.6
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	28,755	14,665	14,095	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	980	585	400	3.4	4.0	2.8
South Asian	55	30	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Chinese	65	25	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Black	320	180	135	1.1	1.2	1.0
Filipino	15	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Arab	60	45	20	0.2	0.3	0.1
Latin American	355	245	110	1.2	1.7	0.8
Southeast Asian	70	30	40	0.2	0.2	0.3
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple visible minorities	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	27,775	14,075	13,695	96.6	96.0	97.2
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	28,755	14,660	14,095	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	11,555	5,885	5,670	40.2	40.1	40.2
English	725	345	380	2.5	2.4	2.7
Irish	1,495	765	735	5.2	5.2	5.2
Scottish	705	335	370	2.5	2.3	2.6
French, n.o.s.¹²²	6,310	3,125	3,180	21.9	21.3	22.6
German	420	210	210	1.5	1.4	1.5
Chinese	60	30	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Italian	635	345	290	2.2	2.4	2.1
Indian (India)	95	60	40	0.3	0.4	0.3
Ukrainian	75	20	50	0.3	0.1	0.4
Dutch	165	70	90	0.6	0.5	0.6
Polish	155	95	60	0.5	0.6	0.4
Québécois	4,320	2,245	2,080	15.0	15.3	14.8
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	105	45	60	0.4	0.3	0.4
Filipino	45	20	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
French Canadian	2,250	1,195	1,060	7.8	8.2	7.5
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	415	160	255	1.4	1.1	1.8
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	625	305	325	2.2	2.1	2.3
Métis	175	95	80	0.6	0.6	0.6
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	315	180	135	1.1	1.2	1.0
Russian	80	25	60	0.3	0.2	0.4
Norwegian	25	25	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Welsh	40	25	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Portuguese	180	70	110	0.6	0.5	0.8
American	185	105	80	0.6	0.7	0.6
Spanish	200	110	95	0.7	0.8	0.7
Swedish	35	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hungarian	30	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Acadian	140	75	70	0.5	0.5	0.5
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	70	35	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Jewish	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	15	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Greek	80	60	25	0.3	0.4	0.2
Jamaican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	70	30	40	0.2	0.2	0.3
Lebanese	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	600	310	280	2.1	2.1	2.0
Danish	25	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	105	45	55	0.4	0.3	0.4
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	60	30	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Belgian	310	130	180	1.1	0.9	1.3
Haitian	85	40	40	0.3	0.3	0.3
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	175	135	40	0.6	0.9	0.3
Mennonite	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	95	60	35	0.3	0.4	0.2
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	90	30	65	0.3	0.2	0.5
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	70	50	20	0.2	0.3	0.1
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombian	55	30	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Moroccan	40	25	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syrian	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Brazilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	25	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	60	35	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Congolese	30	20	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
New Brunswicker	30	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	70	50	20	0.2	0.3	0.1
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	25	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Guatemalan	45	35	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	70	40	35	0.2	0.3	0.2
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	80	35	50	0.3	0.2	0.4
Moldovan	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	30	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	95	50	40	0.3	0.3	0.3
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Gaspesian	30	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Norman	40	30	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	50	30	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	28,755	14,660	14,095	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	25	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Christian	20,325	10,185	10,135	70.7	69.5	71.9
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	1,575	795	780	5.5	5.4	5.5
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	85	40	40	0.3	0.3	0.3
Baptist	45	25	20	0.2	0.2	0.1
Catholic	17,860	8,970	8,890	62.1	61.2	63.1
Christian Orthodox	130	60	70	0.5	0.4	0.5
Jehovah's Witness	110	50	60	0.4	0.3	0.4
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lutheran	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	15	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	40	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Presbyterian	50	30	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	155	60	95	0.5	0.4	0.7
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	230	100	130	0.8	0.7	0.9
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Muslim	140	75	65	0.5	0.5	0.5
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	45	20	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
No religion and secular perspectives	8,180	4,355	3,830	28.4	29.7	27.2
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	28,390	14,485	13,905	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	25,350	12,980	12,375	89.3	89.6	89.0
Movers	3,035	1,510	1,530	10.7	10.4	11.0
Non-migrants	920	450	470	3.2	3.1	3.4
Migrants	2,120	1,060	1,060	7.5	7.3	7.6
Internal migrants	2,045	1,010	1,040	7.2	7.0	7.5
Intraprovincial migrants	1,995	985	1,010	7.0	6.8	7.3
Interprovincial migrants	55	25	35	0.2	0.2	0.3
External migrants	75	50	20	0.3	0.3	0.1
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	26,910	13,695	13,220	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	16,975	8,780	8,190	63.1	64.1	62.0
Movers	9,940	4,915	5,025	36.9	35.9	38.0
Non-migrants	1,960	1,025	930	7.3	7.5	7.0
Migrants	7,980	3,885	4,095	29.7	28.4	31.0
Internal migrants	7,790	3,745	4,045	28.9	27.3	30.6
Intraprovincial migrants	7,695	3,695	4,000	28.6	27.0	30.3
Interprovincial migrants	95	50	50	0.4	0.4	0.4
External migrants	195	140	50	0.7	1.0	0.4
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	23,300	11,865	11,435	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	6,970	4,085	2,885	29.9	34.4	25.2
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	16,330	7,780	8,550	70.1	65.6	74.8
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	15,480	7,865	7,615	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	3,590	2,260	1,330	23.2	28.7	17.5
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	11,885	5,605	6,285	76.8	71.3	82.5
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	23,300	11,865	11,435	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	6,235	3,530	2,705	26.8	29.8	23.7
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	5,745	2,820	2,925	24.7	23.8	25.6
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	11,325	5,515	5,805	48.6	46.5	50.8
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	9,065	4,670	4,390	38.9	39.4	38.4
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	5,120	3,165	1,955	22.0	26.7	17.1
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	3,575	1,895	1,675	15.3	16.0	14.6
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	1,550	1,265	280	6.7	10.7	2.4
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	3,325	1,315	2,010	14.3	11.1	17.6
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	625	200	425	2.7	1.7	3.7
Bachelor's degree or higher	2,255	845	1,410	9.7	7.1	12.3
Bachelor's degree	1,600	565	1,035	6.9	4.8	9.1
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	240	80	160	1.0	0.7	1.4
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	45	20	30	0.2	0.2	0.3
Master's degree	335	165	170	1.4	1.4	1.5
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	35	15	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	15,475	7,865	7,615	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,995	1,820	1,175	19.4	23.1	15.4
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	3,350	1,680	1,670	21.6	21.4	21.9
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	9,125	4,365	4,765	59.0	55.5	62.6
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	7,295	3,740	3,555	47.1	47.6	46.7
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	4,260	2,590	1,670	27.5	32.9	21.9
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	2,975	1,530	1,445	19.2	19.5	19.0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	1,280	1,055	225	8.3	13.4	3.0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	2,575	1,015	1,560	16.6	12.9	20.5
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	465	135	325	3.0	1.7	4.3
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,830	625	1,205	11.8	7.9	15.8
Bachelor's degree	1,295	425	870	8.4	5.4	11.4
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	200	55	140	1.3	0.7	1.8
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	35	0	30	0.2	0.0	0.4
Master's degree	285	125	155	1.8	1.6	2.0
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	23,305	11,860	11,435	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	11,975	6,345	5,635	51.4	53.5	49.3
Education	615	135	480	2.6	1.1	4.2
13. Education	615	135	480	2.6	1.1	4.2
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	275	95	180	1.2	0.8	1.6
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	50	40	15	0.2	0.3	0.1
50. Visual and performing arts	225	60	160	1.0	0.5	1.4
Humanities	515	175	340	2.2	1.5	3.0
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	60	10	50	0.3	0.1	0.4
23. English language and literature/letters	35	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	300	100	205	1.3	0.8	1.8
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
54. History	30	20	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	45	10	35	0.2	0.1	0.3
Social and behavioural sciences and law	735	140	595	3.2	1.2	5.2
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	75	15	60	0.3	0.1	0.5
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	285	0	280	1.2	0.0	2.4
22. Legal professions and studies	125	55	70	0.5	0.5	0.6
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	30	0	30	0.1	0.0	0.3
42. Psychology	70	10	60	0.3	0.1	0.5
45. Social sciences	155	60	90	0.7	0.5	0.8
Business, management and public administration	2,235	595	1,635	9.6	5.0	14.3
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	110	15	95	0.5	0.1	0.8
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,125	585	1,540	9.1	4.9	13.5
Physical and life sciences and technologies	210	95	115	0.9	0.8	1.0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	50	15	40	0.2	0.1	0.3
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	35	25	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
40. Physical sciences	40	30	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
41. Science technologies/technicians	50	0	45	0.2	0.0	0.4
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	215	155	60	0.9	1.3	0.5
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	200	150	45	0.9	1.3	0.4
25. Library science	10	0	15	0.0	0.0	0.1
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	3,170	2,975	190	13.6	25.1	1.7
04. Architecture and related services	40	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
14. Engineering	190	175	20	0.8	1.5	0.2
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	425	350	70	1.8	3.0	0.6
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	965	955	15	4.1	8.1	0.1
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	970	930	35	4.2	7.8	0.3
48. Precision production	570	550	20	2.4	4.6	0.2
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	560	350	210	2.4	3.0	1.8
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	510	315	195	2.2	2.7	1.7
03. Natural resources and conservation	45	30	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Health and related fields	1,445	135	1,305	6.2	1.1	11.4
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	65	25	40	0.3	0.2	0.3
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,370	110	1,265	5.9	0.9	11.1
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,350	655	690	5.8	5.5	6.0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	695	130	570	3.0	1.1	5.0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	290	205	90	1.2	1.7	0.8
49. Transportation and materials moving	360	325	30	1.5	2.7	0.3
Other¹⁷⁹	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	15,475	7,865	7,610	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	6,350	3,505	2,850	41.0	44.6	37.5
Education	440	75	365	2.8	1.0	4.8
13. Education	440	75	365	2.8	1.0	4.8
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	220	80	140	1.4	1.0	1.8
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	45	30	20	0.3	0.4	0.3
50. Visual and performing arts	175	50	120	1.1	0.6	1.6
Humanities	325	100	220	2.1	1.3	2.9
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	40	0	30	0.3	0.0	0.4
23. English language and literature/letters	30	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.3
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	190	55	140	1.2	0.7	1.8
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
54. History	20	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Social and behavioural sciences and law	580	110	470	3.7	1.4	6.2
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	65	15	50	0.4	0.2	0.7
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	245	0	245	1.6	0.0	3.2
22. Legal professions and studies	95	40	55	0.6	0.5	0.7
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.3
42. Psychology	50	10	40	0.3	0.1	0.5
45. Social sciences	110	45	60	0.7	0.6	0.8
Business, management and public administration	1,855	465	1,390	12.0	5.9	18.3
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	80	0	80	0.5	0.0	1.1
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,770	465	1,305	11.4	5.9	17.1
Physical and life sciences and technologies	165	70	90	1.1	0.9	1.2
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	50	10	40	0.3	0.1	0.5
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	30	20	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	40	30	10	0.3	0.4	0.1
41. Science technologies/technicians	40	0	40	0.3	0.0	0.5
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	165	120	50	1.1	1.5	0.7
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	155	115	40	1.0	1.5	0.5
25. Library science	0	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	2,580	2,425	155	16.7	30.8	2.0
04. Architecture and related services	40	10	25	0.3	0.1	0.3
14. Engineering	145	130	20	0.9	1.7	0.3
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	360	305	55	2.3	3.9	0.7
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	820	805	15	5.3	10.2	0.2
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	745	720	30	4.8	9.2	0.4
48. Precision production	475	455	20	3.1	5.8	0.3
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	435	245	195	2.8	3.1	2.6
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	405	220	185	2.6	2.8	2.4
03. Natural resources and conservation	35	25	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Health and related fields	1,200	85	1,120	7.8	1.1	14.7
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	55	15	40	0.4	0.2	0.5
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,140	65	1,080	7.4	0.8	14.2
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,150	585	575	7.4	7.4	7.6
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	595	105	490	3.8	1.3	6.4
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	230	170	60	1.5	2.2	0.8
49. Transportation and materials moving	315	290	25	2.0	3.7	0.3
Other¹⁷⁹	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	15,475	7,865	7,610	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,350	3,505	2,850	41.0	44.6	37.5
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	9,130	4,360	4,765	59.0	55.4	62.6
Location of study inside Canada	8,840	4,200	4,645	57.1	53.4	61.0
Same as province or territory of residence	8,705	4,115	4,590	56.3	52.3	60.3
Different than province or territory of residence	140	80	55	0.9	1.0	0.7
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	290	165	120	1.9	2.1	1.6
Americas	110	80	30	0.7	1.0	0.4
United States of America	45	30	15	0.3	0.4	0.2
Mexico	35	20	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Europe	90	35	60	0.6	0.4	0.8
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	30	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Africa	55	35	20	0.4	0.4	0.3
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	45	30	20	0.3	0.4	0.3
Asia	25	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	23,300	11,865	11,435	...	...	...
In the labour force	16,030	8,415	7,615	...	...	...
Employed	15,205	7,975	7,230	...	...	...
Unemployed	825	440	385	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	7,270	3,450	3,820	...	...	...
Participation rate	68.8	70.9	66.6	68.8	70.9	66.6
Employment rate	65.3	67.2	63.2	65.3	67.2	63.2
Unemployment rate	5.1	5.2	5.1	5.1	5.2	5.1
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	23,300	11,860	11,435	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	7,015	3,270	3,745	30.1	27.6	32.8
Worked	16,285	8,595	7,690	69.9	72.5	67.2
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	8,945	5,015	3,925	38.4	42.3	34.3
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	7,340	3,580	3,760	31.5	30.2	32.9
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.6	43.1	42.0	42.6	43.1	42.0
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	16,025	8,415	7,615	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	215	105	110	1.3	1.2	1.4
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	15,815	8,310	7,505	98.7	98.8	98.6
Employee	13,500	6,865	6,635	84.2	81.6	87.1
Permanent position	11,575	5,895	5,685	72.2	70.1	74.7
Temporary position	1,925	970	955	12.0	11.5	12.5
Fixed term (1 year or more)	400	140	260	2.5	1.7	3.4
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	1,520	830	695	9.5	9.9	9.1
Self-employed¹⁹²	2,310	1,445	870	14.4	17.2	11.4
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	16,025	8,415	7,615	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	215	105	110	1.3	1.2	1.4
All occupations¹⁹¹	15,815	8,310	7,505	98.7	98.8	98.6
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	335	225	110	2.1	2.7	1.4
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,435	555	1,880	15.2	6.6	24.7
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	760	570	190	4.7	6.8	2.5
3 Health occupations	1,085	95	995	6.8	1.1	13.1
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,495	350	1,140	9.3	4.2	15.0
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	300	130	170	1.9	1.5	2.2
6 Sales and service occupations	3,430	1,290	2,140	21.4	15.3	28.1
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	3,990	3,700	290	24.9	44.0	3.8
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,130	835	300	7.1	9.9	3.9
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	855	560	295	5.3	6.7	3.9
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	16,025	8,415	7,615	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	215	105	110	1.3	1.2	1.4
All industries¹⁹¹	15,815	8,310	7,505	98.7	98.8	98.6
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	1,400	910	490	8.7	10.8	6.4
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	65	50	15	0.4	0.6	0.2
22 Utilities	80	70	15	0.5	0.8	0.2
23 Construction	1,725	1,470	255	10.8	17.5	3.3
31-33 Manufacturing	1,825	1,215	615	11.4	14.4	8.1
41 Wholesale trade	725	500	225	4.5	5.9	3.0
44-45 Retail trade	1,820	780	1,040	11.4	9.3	13.7
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,105	830	270	6.9	9.9	3.5
51 Information and cultural industries	150	85	65	0.9	1.0	0.9
52 Finance and insurance	380	100	275	2.4	1.2	3.6
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	165	65	95	1.0	0.8	1.2
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	760	355	405	4.7	4.2	5.3
55 Management of companies and enterprises	20	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	550	335	220	3.4	4.0	2.9
61 Educational services	805	185	615	5.0	2.2	8.1
62 Health care and social assistance	1,745	150	1,595	10.9	1.8	20.9
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	285	160	130	1.8	1.9	1.7
72 Accommodation and food services	600	175	430	3.7	2.1	5.6
81 Other services (except public administration)	875	450	425	5.5	5.3	5.6
91 Public administration	730	410	325	4.6	4.9	4.3
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	17,145	9,015	8,130	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	500	300	205	2.9	3.3	2.5
French	12,510	6,485	6,025	73.0	71.9	74.1
Non-official language	150	135	15	0.9	1.5	0.2
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	150	135	15	0.9	1.5	0.2
English and French	3,635	1,870	1,760	21.2	20.7	21.6
English and non-official language(s)	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	195	120	80	1.1	1.3	1.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	135	85	45	0.8	0.9	0.6
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	17,145	9,015	8,130	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	16,585	8,735	7,855	96.7	96.9	96.6
Official languages	16,390	8,555	7,835	95.6	94.9	96.4
English	1,075	650	420	6.3	7.2	5.2
French	15,310	7,895	7,415	89.3	87.6	91.2
Non-official languages	205	180	20	1.2	2.0	0.2
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	205	180	20	1.2	2.0	0.2
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	190	180	15	1.1	2.0	0.2
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	190	170	15	1.1	1.9	0.2
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	190	170	15	1.1	1.9	0.2
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	555	280	280	3.2	3.1	3.4
English and French	515	250	265	3.0	2.8	3.3
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	40	25	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	17,145	9,015	8,130	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	13,710	7,195	6,515	80.0	79.8	80.1
English	2,590	1,295	1,290	15.1	14.4	15.9
French	580	360	220	3.4	4.0	2.7
Non-official language	165	85	75	1.0	0.9	0.9
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	165	85	75	1.0	0.9	0.9
English and French	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	85	45	40	0.5	0.5	0.5
French and non-official language(s)	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	15,200	7,975	7,225	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	2,530	1,180	1,355	16.6	14.8	18.8
Worked outside Canada	45	45	0	0.3	0.6	0.0
No fixed workplace address	2,080	1,680	400	13.7	21.1	5.5
Usual place of work	10,545	5,075	5,475	69.4	63.6	75.8
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	10,550	5,075	5,475	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	2,765	1,305	1,465	26.2	25.7	26.8
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	2,015	885	1,125	19.1	17.4	20.5
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	5,735	2,855	2,880	54.4	56.3	52.6
Commute to a different province or territory	30	30	0	0.3	0.6	0.0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	12,625	6,755	5,875	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	11,795	6,390	5,410	93.4	94.6	92.1
Car, truck or van - as a driver	11,290	6,145	5,145	89.4	91.0	87.6
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	505	245	265	4.0	3.6	4.5
Public transit	90	25	65	0.7	0.4	1.1
Walked	550	220	330	4.4	3.3	5.6
Bicycle	60	55	0	0.5	0.8	0.0
Other method	125	55	70	1.0	0.8	1.2
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	12,625	6,755	5,875	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	3,825	1,815	2,010	30.3	26.9	34.2
15 to 29 minutes	3,960	2,000	1,960	31.4	29.6	33.4
30 to 44 minutes	2,860	1,655	1,210	22.7	24.5	20.6
45 to 59 minutes	1,285	775	510	10.2	11.5	8.7
60 minutes and over	695	505	190	5.5	7.5	3.2
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	12,625	6,755	5,875	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,440	1,145	295	11.4	17.0	5.0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	2,985	1,960	1,030	23.6	29.0	17.5
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	3,705	1,665	2,035	29.3	24.6	34.6
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,865	665	1,200	14.8	9.8	20.4
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	820	250	570	6.5	3.7	9.7
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,810	1,070	740	14.3	15.8	12.6
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	6,470	3,315	3,150	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	885	465	420	13.7	14.0	13.3
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	5,580	2,850	2,730	86.2	86.0	86.7
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	4,530	2,325	2,205	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	630	335	295	13.9	14.4	13.4
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	450	240	215	9.9	10.3	9.8
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	180	95	85	4.0	4.1	3.9
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	3,900	1,995	1,905	86.1	85.8	86.4

Symbol legend

...
not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 18, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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