Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Les CoteauxMore information: Quebec [Population centre]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	19,582	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	17,396	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	12.6	...	...	12.6	...	...
Total private dwellings²	8,213	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	7,938	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,080.2	...	...	1,080.2	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	18.13	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	19,585	9,660	9,920	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	3,720	1,930	1,790	19.0	20.0	18.0
0 to 4 years	1,060	575	485	5.4	6.0	4.9
5 to 9 years	1,255	635	620	6.4	6.6	6.3
10 to 14 years	1,410	720	685	7.2	7.5	6.9
15 to 64 years	12,310	6,055	6,255	62.9	62.7	63.1
15 to 19 years	1,150	570	580	5.9	5.9	5.8
20 to 24 years	890	465	425	4.5	4.8	4.3
25 to 29 years	995	490	505	5.1	5.1	5.1
30 to 34 years	1,110	520	595	5.7	5.4	6.0
35 to 39 years	1,185	595	590	6.1	6.2	5.9
40 to 44 years	1,470	705	765	7.5	7.3	7.7
45 to 49 years	1,390	680	705	7.1	7.0	7.1
50 to 54 years	1,375	700	680	7.0	7.2	6.9
55 to 59 years	1,405	690	720	7.2	7.1	7.3
60 to 64 years	1,340	640	695	6.8	6.6	7.0
65 years and over	3,560	1,675	1,880	18.2	17.3	19.0
65 to 69 years	1,125	550	570	5.7	5.7	5.7
70 to 74 years	1,020	485	530	5.2	5.0	5.3
75 to 79 years	720	335	385	3.7	3.5	3.9
80 to 84 years	385	185	200	2.0	1.9	2.0
85 years and over	310	120	190	1.6	1.2	1.9
85 to 89 years	200	75	120	1.0	0.8	1.2
90 to 94 years	90	35	55	0.5	0.4	0.6
95 to 99 years	20	5	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
100 years and over	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	19.0	20.0	18.0	19.0	20.0	18.0
15 to 64 years	62.9	62.7	63.1	62.9	62.7	63.1
65 years and over	18.2	17.3	19.0	18.2	17.3	19.0
85 years and over	1.6	1.2	1.9	1.6	1.2	1.9
Average age of the population	41.2	40.5	42.0	41.2	40.5	42.0
Median age of the population	42.4	42.0	43.2	42.4	42.0	43.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	7,935	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	5,165	...	...	65.1	...	...
Semi-detached house	505	...	...	6.4	...	...
Row house	240	...	...	3.0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	190	...	...	2.4	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,785	...	...	22.5	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	35	...	...	0.4	...	...
Other single-attached house	10	...	...	0.1	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	10	...	...	0.1	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	7,940	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	2,100	...	...	26.4	...	...
2 persons	2,905	...	...	36.6	...	...
3 persons	1,190	...	...	15.0	...	...
4 persons	1,180	...	...	14.9	...	...
5 or more persons	570	...	...	7.2	...	...
Number of persons in private households	19,250	9,510	9,745	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.4	...	...	2.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	15,865	7,730	8,135	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	9,865	4,900	4,960	62.2	63.4	61.0
Married	4,945	2,465	2,480	31.2	31.9	30.5
Living common-law	4,920	2,440	2,480	31.0	31.6	30.5
Living common law - Never married	3,940	1,940	2,000	24.8	25.1	24.6
Living common law - Separated	55	25	30	0.3	0.3	0.4
Living common law - Divorced	810	415	395	5.1	5.4	4.9
Living common law - Widowed	115	60	55	0.7	0.8	0.7
Not married and not living common-law	6,000	2,825	3,175	37.8	36.5	39.0
Not married and not living common law - Never married	4,080	2,140	1,940	25.7	27.7	23.8
Not married and not living common law - Separated	190	95	100	1.2	1.2	1.2
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	1,015	405	610	6.4	5.2	7.5
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	710	185	525	4.5	2.4	6.5
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	5,760	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	3,000	...	...	52.1	...	...
3 persons	1,150	...	...	20.0	...	...
4 persons	1,125	...	...	19.5	...	...
5 or more persons	480	...	...	8.3	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	5,760	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	4,865	...	...	84.5	...	...
Married couples	2,405	...	...	41.8	...	...
With children⁶	965	...	...	16.8	...	...
Without children	1,435	...	...	24.9	...	...
Common-law couples	2,460	...	...	42.7	...	...
With children⁶	1,390	...	...	24.1	...	...
Without children	1,075	...	...	18.7	...	...
Total one-parent families	900	...	...	15.6	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	625	...	...	10.9	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	270	...	...	4.7	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	19,250	9,510	9,745	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	16,500	8,205	8,295	85.7	86.3	85.1
Married spouses or common-law partners	9,725	4,830	4,895	50.5	50.8	50.2
Parents in one-parent families	895	275	625	4.6	2.9	6.4
Children⁶	5,885	3,105	2,775	30.6	32.6	28.5
In a two-parent family	4,455	2,305	2,150	23.1	24.2	22.1
In a one-parent family	1,420	795	625	7.4	8.4	6.4
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	2,750	1,305	1,440	14.3	13.7	14.8
Living alone	2,095	990	1,110	10.9	10.4	11.4
Living with other relatives⁷	320	130	190	1.7	1.4	1.9
Living with non-relatives only	330	190	145	1.7	2.0	1.5
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	7,940	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	5,345	...	...	67.3	...	...
Couple-family households	4,570	...	...	57.6	...	...
With children⁶	2,230	...	...	28.1	...	...
Without children	2,335	...	...	29.4	...	...
One-parent-family households	780	...	...	9.8	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	135	...	...	1.7	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	30	...	...	0.4	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	160	...	...	2.0	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	170	...	...	2.1	...	...
One-person households	2,100	...	...	26.4	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	15,535	7,580	7,955	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	15,205	7,430	7,770	97.9	98.0	97.7
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,400	53,200	40,000	46,400	53,200	40,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	15,225	7,435	7,790	98.0	98.1	97.9
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,400	45,200	35,600	40,400	45,200	35,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	14,210	7,075	7,135	91.5	93.3	89.7
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,800	47,600	31,000	38,800	47,600	31,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	11,780	6,050	5,725	75.8	79.8	72.0
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,600	49,200	34,800	41,600	49,200	34,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	12,170	5,535	6,630	78.3	73.0	83.3
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,400	9,000	11,600	10,400	9,000	11,600
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,835	980	855	11.8	12.9	10.7
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,480	5,440	5,520	5,480	5,440	5,520
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,120	2,090	2,025	26.5	27.6	25.5
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	5,480	7,000	6,000	5,480	7,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	15,650	7,635	8,015	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	15,320	7,485	7,840	97.9	98.0	97.8
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	53,750	61,700	46,200	53,750	61,700	46,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	15,340	7,490	7,855	98.0	98.1	98.0
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,840	48,960	38,960	43,840	48,960	38,960
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	14,310	7,080	7,230	91.4	92.7	90.2
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	47,320	56,600	38,200	47,320	56,600	38,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	11,815	6,000	5,810	75.5	78.6	72.5
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	47,320	54,500	39,920	47,320	54,500	39,920
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	12,250	5,575	6,675	78.3	73.0	83.3
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,000	10,960	12,880	12,000	10,960	12,880
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,770	975	800	11.3	12.8	10.0
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,930	6,040	8,000	6,930	6,040	8,000
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,205	2,125	2,085	26.9	27.8	26.0
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,280	6,650	7,920	7,280	6,650	7,920
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	15,645	7,635	8,010	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	6,150	3,375	2,775	39.3	44.2	34.6
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	60,800	68,500	53,600	60,800	68,500	53,600
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	67,000	74,000	58,550	67,000	74,000	58,550
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	4,490	2,010	2,475	28.7	26.3	30.9
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	20,800	25,600	18,600	20,800	25,600	18,600
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	29,800	35,560	25,120	29,800	35,560	25,120
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	82.2	86.8	76.2	82.2	86.8	76.2
Employment income (%)¹⁹	67.8	70.8	64.0	67.8	70.8	64.0
Government transfers (%)²⁰	17.8	13.2	23.7	17.8	13.2	23.7
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.5	1.3	1.8	1.5	1.3	1.8
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	4.4	3.5	5.5	4.4	3.5	5.5
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	3.7	3.1	4.6	3.7	3.1	4.6
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	15,535	7,580	7,955	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	330	150	185	2.1	2.0	2.3
With total income	15,205	7,430	7,775	97.9	98.0	97.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	875	345	530	5.8	4.6	6.8
$10,000 to $19,999	1,540	575	960	10.1	7.7	12.3
$20,000 to $29,999	2,110	815	1,295	13.9	11.0	16.7
$30,000 to $39,999	1,865	765	1,100	12.3	10.3	14.1
$40,000 to $49,999	1,980	920	1,055	13.0	12.4	13.6
$50,000 to $59,999	1,735	860	880	11.4	11.6	11.3
$60,000 to $69,999	1,365	785	580	9.0	10.6	7.5
$70,000 to $79,999	1,015	610	405	6.7	8.2	5.2
$80,000 to $89,999	800	480	320	5.3	6.5	4.1
$90,000 to $99,999	635	375	260	4.2	5.0	3.3
$100,000 and over	1,280	900	380	8.4	12.1	4.9
$100,000 to $149,999	985	680	300	6.5	9.2	3.9
$150,000 and over	300	220	80	2.0	3.0	1.0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	15,535	7,580	7,955	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	305	145	165	2.0	1.9	2.1
With after-tax income	15,230	7,440	7,790	98.0	98.2	97.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	970	370	605	6.4	5.0	7.8
$10,000 to $19,999	1,660	635	1,025	10.9	8.5	13.2
$20,000 to $29,999	2,470	960	1,510	16.2	12.9	19.4
$30,000 to $39,999	2,455	1,115	1,345	16.1	15.0	17.3
$40,000 to $49,999	2,500	1,245	1,255	16.4	16.7	16.1
$50,000 to $59,999	1,840	1,055	785	12.1	14.2	10.1
$60,000 to $69,999	1,315	790	525	8.6	10.6	6.7
$70,000 to $79,999	870	500	375	5.7	6.7	4.8
$80,000 to $89,999	485	300	185	3.2	4.0	2.4
$90,000 to $99,999	270	190	80	1.8	2.6	1.0
$100,000 and over	390	290	100	2.6	3.9	1.3
$100,000 to $124,999	220	170	55	1.4	2.3	0.7
$125,000 and over	170	125	50	1.1	1.7	0.6
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	15,535	7,580	7,955	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	3,760	1,530	2,230	24.2	20.2	28.0
With employment income	11,775	6,050	5,730	75.8	79.8	72.0
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,385	695	685	11.8	11.5	12.0
$5,000 to $9,999	825	345	480	7.0	5.7	8.4
$10,000 to $19,999	1,290	520	765	11.0	8.6	13.4
$20,000 to $29,999	1,070	440	625	9.1	7.3	10.9
$30,000 to $39,999	1,100	460	640	9.3	7.6	11.2
$40,000 to $49,999	1,275	615	660	10.8	10.2	11.5
$50,000 to $59,999	1,095	570	530	9.3	9.4	9.2
$60,000 to $69,999	905	550	360	7.7	9.1	6.3
$70,000 to $79,999	725	455	265	6.2	7.5	4.6
$80,000 to $89,999	690	395	295	5.9	6.5	5.1
$90,000 to $99,999	455	305	150	3.9	5.0	2.6
$100,000 and over	965	695	270	8.2	11.5	4.7
$100,000 to $124,999	570	390	180	4.8	6.4	3.1
$125,000 and over	395	305	95	3.4	5.0	1.7
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	15,535	7,580	7,955	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	14,945	7,295	7,650	96.2	96.2	96.2
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	44,400	51,600	38,000	44,400	51,600	38,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	14,955	7,295	7,660	96.3	96.2	96.3
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,400	43,600	33,600	38,400	43,600	33,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	13,975	6,965	7,010	90.0	91.9	88.1
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,200	48,000	31,400	39,200	48,000	31,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	11,770	6,025	5,745	75.8	79.5	72.2
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,600	49,600	34,800	41,600	49,600	34,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	10,835	4,760	6,075	69.7	62.8	76.4
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,200	6,600	8,900	8,200	6,600	8,900
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	1,850	980	875	11.9	12.9	11.0
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,880	4,440	5,480	4,880	4,440	5,480
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	15,650	7,635	8,015	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	15,035	7,335	7,700	96.1	96.1	96.1
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	51,040	60,200	42,320	51,040	60,200	42,320
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	15,050	7,335	7,715	96.2	96.1	96.3
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,560	47,720	35,680	41,560	47,720	35,680
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	14,035	6,955	7,080	89.7	91.1	88.3
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	47,120	57,400	37,040	47,120	57,400	37,040
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	11,770	5,965	5,805	75.2	78.1	72.4
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	47,080	55,250	38,680	47,080	55,250	38,680
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	10,855	4,730	6,120	69.4	62.0	76.4
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,790	8,990	10,400	9,790	8,990	10,400
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,815	980	835	11.6	12.8	10.4
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,270	5,720	9,080	7,270	5,720	9,080
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	15,645	7,635	8,010	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	6,140	3,365	2,780	39.2	44.1	34.7
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	58,000	66,000	48,800	58,000	66,000	48,800
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	63,700	72,300	53,300	63,700	72,300	53,300
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	4,235	1,895	2,345	27.1	24.8	29.3
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	25,600	31,200	22,600	25,600	31,200	22,600
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	33,680	40,880	27,840	33,680	40,880	27,840
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	86.2	90.4	80.4	86.2	90.4	80.4
Employment income (%)	72.2	74.6	68.8	72.2	74.6	68.8
Government transfers (%)	13.8	9.6	19.5	13.8	9.6	19.5
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.7	1.3	2.3	1.7	1.3	2.3
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	7,940	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	88,000	...	...	88,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	75,000	...	...	75,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	2,100	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	44,800	...	...	44,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	38,800	...	...	38,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	5,840	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	107,000	...	...	107,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	90,000	...	...	90,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	7,975	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	103,300	...	...	103,300	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	84,300	...	...	84,300	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	2,110	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	51,600	...	...	51,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	43,160	...	...	43,160	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	5,870	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	121,900	...	...	121,900	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	99,100	...	...	99,100	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	7,935	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	30	...	...	0.4	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	15	...	...	0.2	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	40	...	...	0.5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	85	...	...	1.1	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	270	...	...	3.4	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	235	...	...	3.0	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	200	...	...	2.5	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	275	...	...	3.5	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	280	...	...	3.5	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	310	...	...	3.9	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	615	...	...	7.8	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	565	...	...	7.1	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	565	...	...	7.1	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	560	...	...	7.1	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	525	...	...	6.6	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,355	...	...	42.3	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,055	...	...	13.3	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	830	...	...	10.5	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	920	...	...	11.6	...	...
$200,000 and over	545	...	...	6.9	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	7,935	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	35	...	...	0.4	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	15	...	...	0.2	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	55	...	...	0.7	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	85	...	...	1.1	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	295	...	...	3.7	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	295	...	...	3.7	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	250	...	...	3.2	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	355	...	...	4.5	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	370	...	...	4.7	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	390	...	...	4.9	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	735	...	...	9.3	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	715	...	...	9.0	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	710	...	...	8.9	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	630	...	...	7.9	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	580	...	...	7.3	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,415	...	...	30.4	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,090	...	...	13.7	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	655	...	...	8.3	...	...
$150,000 and over	675	...	...	8.5	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	5,730	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	107,000	...	...	107,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	90,000	...	...	90,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	2,360	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	89,000	...	...	89,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	76,500	...	...	76,500	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	2,365	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	138,000	...	...	138,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	115,000	...	...	115,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	870	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	74,000	...	...	74,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	65,500	...	...	65,500	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	2,425	1,175	1,250	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	43,600	50,400	38,000	43,600	50,400	38,000
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	38,400	42,800	34,000	38,400	42,800	34,000
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	5,760	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	121,600	...	...	121,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	98,900	...	...	98,900	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,375	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	107,200	...	...	107,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	85,900	...	...	85,900	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,365	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	153,400	...	...	153,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	124,200	...	...	124,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	870	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	76,800	...	...	76,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	66,400	...	...	66,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	2,420	1,115	1,300	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	51,080	53,400	49,080	51,080	53,400	49,080
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	42,680	43,900	41,640	42,680	43,900	41,640
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	19,250	9,510	9,740	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	4,435	2,280	2,155	23.0	24.0	22.1
0 to 5 years	1,280	690	595	6.6	7.3	6.1
18 to 64 years	11,500	5,645	5,855	59.7	59.4	60.1
65 years and over	3,310	1,580	1,730	17.2	16.6	17.8
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,185	500	680	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	240	125	120	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	75	35	40	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	495	225	275	...	...	...
65 years and over	440	150	290	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	6.2	5.3	7.0	6.2	5.3	7.0
0 to 17 years (%)	5.5	5.4	5.6	5.5	5.4	5.6
0 to 5 years (%)	5.8	5.2	6.4	5.8	5.2	6.4
18 to 64 years (%)	4.3	4.0	4.7	4.3	4.0	4.7
65 years and over (%)	13.4	9.8	16.8	13.4	9.8	16.8
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	19,250	9,505	9,745	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	4,435	2,275	2,155	23.0	23.9	22.1
0 to 5 years	1,285	685	595	6.7	7.2	6.1
18 to 64 years	11,505	5,650	5,855	59.8	59.4	60.1
65 years and over	3,315	1,585	1,730	17.2	16.7	17.8
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	260	120	145	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	50	20	30	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	15	5	10	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	170	80	85	...	...	...
65 years and over	40	15	25	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	1.4	1.3	1.5	1.4	1.3	1.5
0 to 17 years (%)	1.2	1.0	1.4	1.2	1.0	1.4
0 to 5 years (%)	1.0	0.6	1.6	1.0	0.6	1.6
18 to 64 years (%)	1.5	1.5	1.5	1.5	1.5	1.5
65 years and over (%)	1.2	0.9	1.4	1.2	0.9	1.4
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	19,250	9,510	9,740	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	9,365	4,490	4,870	48.6	47.2	50.0
In bottom decile	970	405	555	5.0	4.3	5.7
In second decile	1,560	705	855	8.1	7.4	8.8
In third decile	2,085	1,005	1,085	10.8	10.6	11.1
In fourth decile	2,140	1,070	1,065	11.1	11.3	10.9
In fifth decile	2,615	1,305	1,305	13.6	13.7	13.4
In top half of the distribution	9,885	5,015	4,865	51.4	52.7	49.9
In sixth decile	2,440	1,235	1,205	12.7	13.0	12.4
In seventh decile	2,265	1,140	1,125	11.8	12.0	11.6
In eighth decile	2,440	1,230	1,215	12.7	12.9	12.5
In ninth decile	1,680	860	820	8.7	9.0	8.4
In top decile	1,060	555	505	5.5	5.8	5.2
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	19,250	...	...	19,250	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.271	...	...	0.271	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.373	...	...	0.373	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.232	...	...	0.232	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	19,395	9,585	9,810	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	365	165	195	1.9	1.7	2.0
French only	9,070	4,300	4,765	46.8	44.9	48.6
English and French	9,945	5,110	4,830	51.3	53.3	49.2
Neither English nor French	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	19,395	9,585	9,810	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	1,340	670	670	6.9	7.0	6.8
French	17,825	8,815	9,015	91.9	92.0	91.9
English and French	205	95	115	1.1	1.0	1.2
Neither English nor French	20	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	19,395	9,585	9,810	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	18,935	9,335	9,600	97.6	97.4	97.9
Official languages	18,420	9,090	9,330	95.0	94.8	95.1
English	1,065	530	540	5.5	5.5	5.5
French	17,355	8,560	8,790	89.5	89.3	89.6
Non-official languages	515	245	270	2.7	2.6	2.8
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	515	245	270	2.7	2.6	2.8
Afro-Asiatic languages	75	45	35	0.4	0.5	0.4
Berber languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	70	40	30	0.4	0.4	0.3
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	70	40	30	0.4	0.4	0.3
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	20	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	20	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Haitian Creole	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	340	155	185	1.8	1.6	1.9
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	45	15	30	0.2	0.2	0.3
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	45	15	30	0.2	0.2	0.3
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Russian	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
German	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	55	25	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
Indo-Aryan languages	50	25	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	35	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	210	95	115	1.1	1.0	1.2
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	40	25	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Portuguese	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Romanian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Spanish	125	55	70	0.6	0.6	0.7
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	20	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Akan (Twi)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	20	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages	20	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	460	245	210	2.4	2.6	2.1
English and French	345	190	155	1.8	2.0	1.6
English and non-official language(s)	30	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	55	25	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
English, French and non-official language(s)	25	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	19,395	9,585	9,810	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	885	445	440	4.6	4.6	4.5
French	16,580	8,180	8,405	85.5	85.3	85.7
Non-official language	100	40	55	0.5	0.4	0.6
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	100	40	55	0.5	0.4	0.6
English and French	1,355	695	660	7.0	7.3	6.7
English and non-official language(s)	105	55	55	0.5	0.6	0.6
French and non-official language(s)	155	75	85	0.8	0.8	0.9
English, French and non-official language(s)	205	95	105	1.1	1.0	1.1
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	19,395	9,585	9,810	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	18,960	9,375	9,590	97.8	97.8	97.8
Official languages	18,735	9,265	9,470	96.6	96.7	96.5
English	1,220	595	625	6.3	6.2	6.4
French	17,515	8,665	8,850	90.3	90.4	90.2
Non-official languages	225	105	120	1.2	1.1	1.2
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	225	105	120	1.2	1.1	1.2
Afro-Asiatic languages	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	35	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	35	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	150	70	80	0.8	0.7	0.8
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Russian	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
German	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	50	25	20	0.3	0.3	0.2
Indo-Aryan languages	45	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	25	15	15	0.1	0.2	0.2
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	60	25	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Portuguese	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	50	20	30	0.3	0.2	0.3
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Chinese languages	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	430	210	220	2.2	2.2	2.2
English and French	325	160	160	1.7	1.7	1.6
English and non-official language(s)	25	20	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	60	30	35	0.3	0.3	0.4
English, French and non-official language(s)	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	19,395	9,585	9,805	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	17,950	8,850	9,095	92.5	92.3	92.8
English	860	460	400	4.4	4.8	4.1
French	290	140	155	1.5	1.5	1.6
Non-official language	135	55	75	0.7	0.6	0.8
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	135	55	75	0.7	0.6	0.8
English and French	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
English and non-official language(s)	60	30	35	0.3	0.3	0.4
French and non-official language(s)	50	30	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	19,370	9,585	9,795	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	19,345	9,570	9,775	99.9	99.8	99.8
English	10,370	5,370	4,995	53.5	56.0	51.0
French	18,960	9,390	9,565	97.9	98.0	97.7
Non-official languages	1,265	625	640	6.5	6.5	6.5
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,265	625	640	6.5	6.5	6.5
Afro-Asiatic languages	140	60	75	0.7	0.6	0.8
Berber languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	125	55	70	0.6	0.6	0.7
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	120	55	65	0.6	0.6	0.7
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	55	30	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	50	20	30	0.3	0.2	0.3
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	55	35	15	0.3	0.4	0.2
Haitian Creole	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	25	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	20	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	890	440	445	4.6	4.6	4.5
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	60	15	40	0.3	0.2	0.4
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	60	15	40	0.3	0.2	0.4
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Russian	35	15	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	65	40	25	0.3	0.4	0.3
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	60	40	25	0.3	0.4	0.3
German	45	25	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	85	55	25	0.4	0.6	0.3
Indo-Aryan languages	65	45	20	0.3	0.5	0.2
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	10	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	20	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	45	30	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	710	335	370	3.7	3.5	3.8
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	115	60	50	0.6	0.6	0.5
Portuguese	90	40	45	0.5	0.4	0.5
Romanian	35	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.3
Spanish	530	250	280	2.7	2.6	2.9
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	40	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	40	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	30	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Chinese languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	35	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.3
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	35	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.3
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	19,370	9,585	9,790	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	350	175	175	1.8	1.8	1.8
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	340	170	170	1.8	1.8	1.7
First Nations (North American Indian)	205	110	95	1.1	1.1	1.0
Métis	135	60	75	0.7	0.6	0.8
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Non-Indigenous identity	19,020	9,405	9,615	98.2	98.1	98.2
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	19,370	9,585	9,790	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	50	30	20	0.3	0.3	0.2
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	19,325	9,555	9,775	99.8	99.7	99.8
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	7,975	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	5,880	...	...	73.7	...	...
Renter	2,095	...	...	26.3	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	7,975	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	680	...	...	8.5	...	...
Not condominium	7,295	...	...	91.5	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	7,975	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	10	...	...	0.1	...	...
1 bedroom	575	...	...	7.2	...	...
2 bedrooms	2,525	...	...	31.7	...	...
3 bedrooms	2,845	...	...	35.7	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	2,025	...	...	25.4	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	7,975	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	2,040	...	...	25.6	...	...
5 rooms	1,300	...	...	16.3	...	...
6 rooms	880	...	...	11.0	...	...
7 rooms	1,180	...	...	14.8	...	...
8 or more rooms	2,580	...	...	32.4	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.5	...	...	6.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	7,975	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	7,945	...	...	99.6	...	...
More than one person per room	30	...	...	0.4	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	7,975	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	7,835	...	...	98.2	...	...
Not suitable	140	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	7,975	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	495	...	...	6.2	...	...
1961 to 1980	1,350	...	...	16.9	...	...
1981 to 1990	830	...	...	10.4	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,310	...	...	16.4	...	...
2001 to 2005	1,060	...	...	13.3	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,055	...	...	13.2	...	...
2011 to 2015	810	...	...	10.2	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	1,070	...	...	13.4	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	7,975	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	7,680	...	...	96.3	...	...
Major repairs needed	295	...	...	3.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	7,975	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	3,885	...	...	48.7	...	...
Two-maintainer household	3,995	...	...	50.1	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	95	...	...	1.2	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	7,975	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	115	...	...	1.4	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,030	...	...	12.9	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,535	...	...	19.2	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,645	...	...	20.6	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,580	...	...	19.8	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,300	...	...	16.3	...	...
75 to 84 years	665	...	...	8.3	...	...
85 years and over	120	...	...	1.5	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	7,960	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	6,980	...	...	87.7	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	975	...	...	12.2	...	...
30% to less than 100%	910	...	...	11.4	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	7,975	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	1,375	...	...	17.2	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	940	...	...	11.8	...	...
Not suitable only	130	...	...	1.6	...	...
Major repairs needed only	265	...	...	3.3	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	10	...	...	0.1	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	30	...	...	0.4	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	6,600	...	...	82.8	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	7,885	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	365	...	...	4.6	...	...
Not in core need	7,525	...	...	95.4	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	5,880	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	70.6	...	...	70.6	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	6.8	...	...	6.8	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	1.3	...	...	1.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,220	...	...	1,220	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,234	...	...	1,234	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	348,000	...	...	348,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	382,000	...	...	382,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,095	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	8.4	...	...	8.4	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	27.8	...	...	27.8	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	14.1	...	...	14.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	880	...	...	880	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	985	...	...	985	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	19,375	9,580	9,790	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	355	220	135	1.8	2.3	1.4
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	350	220	130	1.8	2.3	1.3
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	315	200	115	1.6	2.1	1.2
Métis single ancestry	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	565	270	295	2.9	2.8	3.0
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	560	270	295	2.9	2.8	3.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	505	255	255	2.6	2.7	2.6
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	60	20	35	0.3	0.2	0.4
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	18,450	9,090	9,365	95.2	94.9	95.7
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	19,375	9,580	9,790	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	19,200	9,495	9,705	99.1	99.1	99.1
Canadian citizens aged under 18	4,445	2,280	2,165	22.9	23.8	22.1
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	14,755	7,215	7,535	76.2	75.3	77.0
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	175	90	90	0.9	0.9	0.9
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	19,375	9,580	9,790	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	18,565	9,185	9,380	95.8	95.9	95.8
Immigrants⁸¹	770	375	395	4.0	3.9	4.0
Before 1980	155	100	55	0.8	1.0	0.6
1980 to 1990	115	50	65	0.6	0.5	0.7
1991 to 2000	135	70	70	0.7	0.7	0.7
2001 to 2010	205	85	120	1.1	0.9	1.2
2011 to 2021⁸²	165	75	90	0.9	0.8	0.9
2011 to 2015	100	55	45	0.5	0.6	0.5
2016 to 2021	65	20	45	0.3	0.2	0.5
Non-permanent residents⁸³	30	20	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	770	380	395	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	110	65	40	14.3	17.1	10.1
5 to 14 years	115	65	55	14.9	17.1	13.9
15 to 24 years	145	50	95	18.8	13.2	24.1
25 to 44 years	365	180	185	47.4	47.4	46.8
45 years and over	35	15	20	4.5	3.9	5.1
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	770	380	395	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	165	75	90	21.4	19.7	22.8
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	35	15	20	4.5	3.9	5.1
El Salvador	10	0	10	1.3	0.0	2.5
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	20	0	10	2.6	0.0	2.5
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	30	15	10	3.9	3.9	2.5
Peru	10	0	10	1.3	0.0	2.5
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	25	15	0	3.2	3.9	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	30	15	20	3.9	3.9	5.1
Europe	305	150	160	39.6	39.5	40.5
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	125	65	55	16.2	17.1	13.9
Germany	10	0	0	1.3	0.0	0.0
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	10	10	0	1.3	2.6	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	25	10	20	3.2	2.6	5.1
Portugal	25	15	10	3.2	3.9	2.5
Romania	15	10	10	1.9	2.6	2.5
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	20	10	15	2.6	2.6	3.8
Other places of birth in Europe	65	20	45	8.4	5.3	11.4
Africa	135	65	70	17.5	17.1	17.7
Algeria	35	10	20	4.5	2.6	5.1
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	25	15	10	3.2	3.9	2.5
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	45	20	20	5.8	5.3	5.1
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	30	15	10	3.9	3.9	2.5
Asia	165	90	75	21.4	23.7	19.0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	15	10	0	1.9	2.6	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	20	10	10	2.6	2.6	2.5
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	10	0	10	1.3	0.0	2.5
Viet Nam	35	15	20	4.5	3.9	5.1
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	20	10	10	2.6	2.6	2.5
Pakistan	20	15	0	2.6	3.9	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	20	10	10	2.6	2.6	2.5
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	60	20	40	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	15	0	10	25.0	0.0	25.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	10	0	10	16.7	0.0	25.0
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	10	10	0	16.7	50.0	0.0
France	10	10	0	16.7	50.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	30	0	25	50.0	0.0	62.5
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	25	0	20	41.7	0.0	50.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	19,370	9,585	9,795	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	860	415	445	4.4	4.3	4.5
Second generation¹⁰¹	1,090	555	540	5.6	5.8	5.5
Third generation or more¹⁰²	17,420	8,615	8,805	89.9	89.9	89.9
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	620	275	340	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	325	160	165	52.4	58.2	48.5
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	140	90	50	22.6	32.7	14.7
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	180	70	110	29.0	25.5	32.4
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	220	80	140	35.5	29.1	41.2
Refugees¹⁰⁸	70	35	35	11.3	12.7	10.3
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	620	275	340	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	50	35	15	8.1	12.7	4.4
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	80	35	45	12.9	12.7	13.2
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	10	0	0	1.6	0.0	0.0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	40	20	15	6.5	7.3	4.4
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	440	175	260	71.0	63.6	76.5
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	19,370	9,585	9,790	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	690	370	315	3.6	3.9	3.2
South Asian	120	80	40	0.6	0.8	0.4
Chinese	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Black	175	100	75	0.9	1.0	0.8
Filipino	25	15	15	0.1	0.2	0.2
Arab	115	60	55	0.6	0.6	0.6
Latin American	110	50	60	0.6	0.5	0.6
Southeast Asian	90	40	55	0.5	0.4	0.6
West Asian	25	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple visible minorities	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	18,690	9,210	9,475	96.5	96.1	96.8
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	19,375	9,580	9,790	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	6,965	3,340	3,625	35.9	34.9	37.0
English	465	240	230	2.4	2.5	2.3
Irish	1,245	595	650	6.4	6.2	6.6
Scottish	540	250	290	2.8	2.6	3.0
French, n.o.s.¹²²	5,320	2,620	2,695	27.5	27.3	27.5
German	360	210	150	1.9	2.2	1.5
Chinese	50	20	30	0.3	0.2	0.3
Italian	510	265	245	2.6	2.8	2.5
Indian (India)	95	50	50	0.5	0.5	0.5
Ukrainian	25	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Dutch	75	45	30	0.4	0.5	0.3
Polish	75	35	40	0.4	0.4	0.4
Québécois	2,905	1,480	1,420	15.0	15.4	14.5
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	115	50	65	0.6	0.5	0.7
Filipino	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
French Canadian	1,590	790	805	8.2	8.2	8.2
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	250	135	115	1.3	1.4	1.2
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	465	255	215	2.4	2.7	2.2
Métis	80	30	50	0.4	0.3	0.5
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	195	95	95	1.0	1.0	1.0
Russian	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	45	15	30	0.2	0.2	0.3
Portuguese	95	45	50	0.5	0.5	0.5
American	110	40	80	0.6	0.4	0.8
Spanish	140	50	90	0.7	0.5	0.9
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	20	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Acadian	355	115	235	1.8	1.2	2.4
Pakistani	45	40	10	0.2	0.4	0.1
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	65	25	35	0.3	0.3	0.4
Jewish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	65	25	40	0.3	0.3	0.4
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Greek	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Jamaican	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	50	20	30	0.3	0.2	0.3
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Lebanese	30	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Iranian	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	175	80	100	0.9	0.8	1.0
Danish	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	55	30	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	35	25	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Belgian	210	85	130	1.1	0.9	1.3
Haitian	30	0	25	0.2	0.0	0.3
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	50	25	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
Mennonite	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	85	50	35	0.4	0.5	0.4
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	75	40	35	0.4	0.4	0.4
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	70	30	35	0.4	0.3	0.4
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombian	25	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Moroccan	45	30	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	25	15	15	0.1	0.2	0.2
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	70	25	40	0.4	0.3	0.4
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	70	35	35	0.4	0.4	0.4
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	50	20	30	0.3	0.2	0.3
Brazilian	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	25	15	15	0.1	0.2	0.2
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	40	30	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	30	0	30	0.2	0.0	0.3
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	35	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.3
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	30	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
New Brunswicker	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	20	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	25	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.3
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Moldovan	20	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.3
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	55	25	35	0.3	0.3	0.4
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	65	40	30	0.3	0.4	0.3
Norman	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	19,370	9,585	9,790	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	50	20	25	0.3	0.2	0.3
Christian	13,540	6,520	7,025	69.9	68.0	71.8
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	825	430	395	4.3	4.5	4.0
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	65	25	40	0.3	0.3	0.4
Baptist	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Catholic	12,375	5,925	6,450	63.9	61.8	65.9
Christian Orthodox	60	25	35	0.3	0.3	0.4
Jehovah's Witness	30	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lutheran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Presbyterian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	125	65	60	0.6	0.7	0.6
Hindu	35	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Jewish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	240	125	115	1.2	1.3	1.2
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	50	20	30	0.3	0.2	0.3
No religion and secular perspectives	5,450	2,870	2,580	28.1	29.9	26.4
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	19,180	9,455	9,730	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	16,985	8,460	8,520	88.6	89.5	87.6
Movers	2,200	995	1,205	11.5	10.5	12.4
Non-migrants	740	330	405	3.9	3.5	4.2
Migrants	1,460	665	795	7.6	7.0	8.2
Internal migrants	1,440	655	790	7.5	6.9	8.1
Intraprovincial migrants	1,440	655	790	7.5	6.9	8.1
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
External migrants	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	18,200	8,960	9,245	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	10,690	5,385	5,310	58.7	60.1	57.4
Movers	7,505	3,575	3,935	41.2	39.9	42.6
Non-migrants	1,480	705	770	8.1	7.9	8.3
Migrants	6,030	2,865	3,165	33.1	32.0	34.2
Internal migrants	5,935	2,820	3,115	32.6	31.5	33.7
Intraprovincial migrants	5,775	2,745	3,030	31.7	30.6	32.8
Interprovincial migrants	165	75	90	0.9	0.8	1.0
External migrants	90	45	45	0.5	0.5	0.5
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	15,650	7,635	8,015	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	3,285	1,875	1,415	21.0	24.6	17.7
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	12,360	5,755	6,600	79.0	75.4	82.3
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	10,275	4,975	5,300	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,435	915	520	14.0	18.4	9.8
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	8,840	4,060	4,780	86.0	81.6	90.2
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	15,650	7,635	8,015	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,890	1,595	1,295	18.5	20.9	16.2
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	4,005	1,970	2,035	25.6	25.8	25.4
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	8,755	4,070	4,680	55.9	53.3	58.4
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	6,565	3,260	3,305	41.9	42.7	41.2
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	3,100	1,915	1,180	19.8	25.1	14.7
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	2,265	1,225	1,040	14.5	16.0	13.0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	835	695	145	5.3	9.1	1.8
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	2,945	1,150	1,795	18.8	15.1	22.4
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	520	190	330	3.3	2.5	4.1
Bachelor's degree or higher	2,185	815	1,375	14.0	10.7	17.2
Bachelor's degree	1,555	545	1,015	9.9	7.1	12.7
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	230	95	130	1.5	1.2	1.6
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	50	25	30	0.3	0.3	0.4
Master's degree	305	135	170	1.9	1.8	2.1
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	45	15	30	0.3	0.2	0.4
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	10,280	4,970	5,305	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,180	735	440	11.5	14.8	8.3
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	2,245	1,135	1,110	21.8	22.8	20.9
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,855	3,100	3,750	66.7	62.4	70.7
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	5,085	2,525	2,560	49.5	50.8	48.3
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,445	1,480	965	23.8	29.8	18.2
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	1,815	970	850	17.7	19.5	16.0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	625	515	115	6.1	10.4	2.2
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	2,265	910	1,350	22.0	18.3	25.4
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	380	130	245	3.7	2.6	4.6
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,765	580	1,190	17.2	11.7	22.4
Bachelor's degree	1,285	390	895	12.5	7.8	16.9
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	175	75	100	1.7	1.5	1.9
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	40	15	25	0.4	0.3	0.5
Master's degree	235	90	145	2.3	1.8	2.7
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	30	0	20	0.3	0.0	0.4
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	15,645	7,635	8,010	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	6,895	3,560	3,335	44.1	46.6	41.6
Education	835	205	635	5.3	2.7	7.9
13. Education	835	205	635	5.3	2.7	7.9
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	200	70	125	1.3	0.9	1.6
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	40	35	10	0.3	0.5	0.1
50. Visual and performing arts	155	35	115	1.0	0.5	1.4
Humanities	350	100	255	2.2	1.3	3.2
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	45	0	45	0.3	0.0	0.6
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	215	60	150	1.4	0.8	1.9
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
54. History	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	65	20	45	0.4	0.3	0.6
Social and behavioural sciences and law	695	120	575	4.4	1.6	7.2
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	65	10	60	0.4	0.1	0.7
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	230	20	210	1.5	0.3	2.6
22. Legal professions and studies	150	40	110	1.0	0.5	1.4
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
42. Psychology	110	0	105	0.7	0.0	1.3
45. Social sciences	135	55	85	0.9	0.7	1.1
Business, management and public administration	1,795	580	1,220	11.5	7.6	15.2
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
44. Public administration and social service professions	95	10	90	0.6	0.1	1.1
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,695	565	1,130	10.8	7.4	14.1
Physical and life sciences and technologies	290	130	160	1.9	1.7	2.0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	70	25	50	0.4	0.3	0.6
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	35	15	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	85	45	45	0.5	0.6	0.6
40. Physical sciences	80	50	35	0.5	0.7	0.4
41. Science technologies/technicians	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	205	120	90	1.3	1.6	1.1
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	195	115	80	1.2	1.5	1.0
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	2,155	2,020	140	13.8	26.5	1.7
04. Architecture and related services	30	20	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
14. Engineering	195	180	15	1.2	2.4	0.2
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	525	490	35	3.4	6.4	0.4
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	420	395	30	2.7	5.2	0.4
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	625	585	40	4.0	7.7	0.5
48. Precision production	360	345	15	2.3	4.5	0.2
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	150	55	95	1.0	0.7	1.2
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	130	40	90	0.8	0.5	1.1
03. Natural resources and conservation	20	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Health and related fields	1,125	175	950	7.2	2.3	11.9
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	70	25	45	0.4	0.3	0.6
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,035	140	900	6.6	1.8	11.2
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	25	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Personal, protective and transportation services	935	500	430	6.0	6.5	5.4
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	485	140	350	3.1	1.8	4.4
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
43. Security and protective services	190	145	50	1.2	1.9	0.6
49. Transportation and materials moving	245	215	25	1.6	2.8	0.3
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	10,275	4,975	5,300	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	3,425	1,870	1,555	33.3	37.6	29.3
Education	630	125	500	6.1	2.5	9.4
13. Education	630	125	500	6.1	2.5	9.4
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	175	60	115	1.7	1.2	2.2
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	35	30	0	0.3	0.6	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	140	30	110	1.4	0.6	2.1
Humanities	220	45	165	2.1	0.9	3.1
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	35	0	35	0.3	0.0	0.7
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	135	40	90	1.3	0.8	1.7
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
54. History	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	35	0	30	0.3	0.0	0.6
Social and behavioural sciences and law	590	75	515	5.7	1.5	9.7
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	60	0	55	0.6	0.0	1.0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	205	10	190	2.0	0.2	3.6
22. Legal professions and studies	115	20	90	1.1	0.4	1.7
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
42. Psychology	85	0	85	0.8	0.0	1.6
45. Social sciences	120	45	80	1.2	0.9	1.5
Business, management and public administration	1,400	425	975	13.6	8.5	18.4
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	70	0	70	0.7	0.0	1.3
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,325	420	905	12.9	8.4	17.1
Physical and life sciences and technologies	170	70	100	1.7	1.4	1.9
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	55	15	40	0.5	0.3	0.8
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	25	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
40. Physical sciences	70	40	30	0.7	0.8	0.6
41. Science technologies/technicians	20	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	160	105	55	1.6	2.1	1.0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	150	100	50	1.5	2.0	0.9
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,775	1,640	135	17.3	33.0	2.5
04. Architecture and related services	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
14. Engineering	175	165	10	1.7	3.3	0.2
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	445	410	35	4.3	8.2	0.7
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	325	300	30	3.2	6.0	0.6
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	525	485	40	5.1	9.7	0.8
48. Precision production	285	265	15	2.8	5.3	0.3
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	125	50	80	1.2	1.0	1.5
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	105	40	75	1.0	0.8	1.4
03. Natural resources and conservation	20	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Health and related fields	880	135	745	8.6	2.7	14.1
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	50	20	35	0.5	0.4	0.7
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	810	105	705	7.9	2.1	13.3
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Personal, protective and transportation services	725	365	355	7.1	7.3	6.7
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	380	95	295	3.7	1.9	5.6
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	135	95	40	1.3	1.9	0.8
49. Transportation and materials moving	195	170	20	1.9	3.4	0.4
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	10,275	4,975	5,300	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,425	1,870	1,555	33.3	37.6	29.3
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	6,850	3,105	3,750	66.7	62.4	70.8
Location of study inside Canada	6,595	2,980	3,615	64.2	59.9	68.2
Same as province or territory of residence	6,315	2,835	3,480	61.5	57.0	65.7
Different than province or territory of residence	285	150	135	2.8	3.0	2.5
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	260	120	135	2.5	2.4	2.5
Americas	55	30	30	0.5	0.6	0.6
United States of America	25	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Mexico	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	115	60	55	1.1	1.2	1.0
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	55	30	25	0.5	0.6	0.5
Germany	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	20	15	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	40	10	30	0.4	0.2	0.6
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Asia	45	20	25	0.4	0.4	0.5
Iran⁸⁸	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	15,650	7,635	8,015	...	...	...
In the labour force	10,740	5,460	5,285	...	...	...
Employed	10,230	5,165	5,065	...	...	...
Unemployed	515	295	220	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	4,905	2,175	2,730	...	...	...
Participation rate	68.6	71.5	65.9	68.6	71.5	65.9
Employment rate	65.4	67.6	63.2	65.4	67.6	63.2
Unemployment rate	4.8	5.4	4.2	4.8	5.4	4.2
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	15,645	7,635	8,015	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	4,745	2,080	2,670	30.3	27.2	33.3
Worked	10,905	5,560	5,350	69.7	72.8	66.7
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	6,245	3,435	2,810	39.9	45.0	35.1
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	4,660	2,120	2,535	29.8	27.8	31.6
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.9	43.8	42.0	42.9	43.8	42.0
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	10,740	5,455	5,280	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	125	65	60	1.2	1.2	1.1
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	10,615	5,390	5,220	98.8	98.8	98.9
Employee	9,375	4,635	4,745	87.3	85.0	89.9
Permanent position	8,210	4,115	4,095	76.4	75.4	77.6
Temporary position	1,170	520	650	10.9	9.5	12.3
Fixed term (1 year or more)	295	95	195	2.7	1.7	3.7
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	880	425	455	8.2	7.8	8.6
Self-employed¹⁹²	1,240	760	480	11.5	13.9	9.1
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	10,740	5,455	5,280	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	125	65	60	1.2	1.2	1.1
All occupations¹⁹¹	10,615	5,390	5,220	98.8	98.8	98.9
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	205	155	50	1.9	2.8	0.9
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,740	505	1,235	16.2	9.3	23.4
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	640	485	155	6.0	8.9	2.9
3 Health occupations	840	110	740	7.8	2.0	14.0
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,435	325	1,110	13.4	6.0	21.0
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	180	70	110	1.7	1.3	2.1
6 Sales and service occupations	2,590	1,170	1,415	24.1	21.4	26.8
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,190	1,985	200	20.4	36.4	3.8
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	165	140	25	1.5	2.6	0.5
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	640	450	190	6.0	8.2	3.6
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	10,740	5,455	5,280	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	125	65	60	1.2	1.2	1.1
All industries¹⁹¹	10,615	5,390	5,220	98.8	98.8	98.9
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	135	85	45	1.3	1.6	0.9
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	50	45	0	0.5	0.8	0.0
22 Utilities	145	115	30	1.4	2.1	0.6
23 Construction	930	800	135	8.7	14.7	2.6
31-33 Manufacturing	1,410	995	410	13.1	18.2	7.8
41 Wholesale trade	525	380	150	4.9	7.0	2.8
44-45 Retail trade	1,440	685	755	13.4	12.6	14.3
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	730	475	255	6.8	8.7	4.8
51 Information and cultural industries	105	65	45	1.0	1.2	0.9
52 Finance and insurance	260	75	185	2.4	1.4	3.5
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	130	60	75	1.2	1.1	1.4
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	475	210	265	4.4	3.8	5.0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	380	240	140	3.5	4.4	2.7
61 Educational services	825	205	625	7.7	3.8	11.8
62 Health care and social assistance	1,540	215	1,330	14.3	3.9	25.2
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	120	75	45	1.1	1.4	0.9
72 Accommodation and food services	420	165	250	3.9	3.0	4.7
81 Other services (except public administration)	505	245	255	4.7	4.5	4.8
91 Public administration	475	255	215	4.4	4.7	4.1
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	11,510	5,800	5,710	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	450	260	190	3.9	4.5	3.3
French	7,535	3,705	3,830	65.5	63.9	67.1
Non-official language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	3,470	1,810	1,655	30.1	31.2	29.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	30	15	20	0.3	0.3	0.4
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	11,510	5,800	5,710	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	10,875	5,460	5,415	94.5	94.1	94.8
Official languages	10,870	5,460	5,410	94.4	94.1	94.7
English	1,155	625	530	10.0	10.8	9.3
French	9,720	4,840	4,880	84.4	83.4	85.5
Non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	635	340	295	5.5	5.9	5.2
English and French	635	340	295	5.5	5.9	5.2
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	11,510	5,800	5,710	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	8,620	4,310	4,315	74.9	74.3	75.6
English	2,150	1,120	1,035	18.7	19.3	18.1
French	690	355	335	6.0	6.1	5.9
Non-official language	25	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	25	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	10,225	5,165	5,065	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	1,210	580	630	11.8	11.2	12.4
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No fixed workplace address	1,160	870	285	11.3	16.8	5.6
Usual place of work	7,860	3,710	4,150	76.9	71.8	81.9
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	7,860	3,710	4,150	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,070	455	610	13.6	12.3	14.7
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	2,785	1,215	1,565	35.4	32.7	37.7
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	3,920	1,995	1,920	49.9	53.8	46.3
Commute to a different province or territory	90	40	45	1.1	1.1	1.1
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	9,020	4,585	4,435	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	8,735	4,430	4,300	96.8	96.6	97.0
Car, truck or van - as a driver	8,330	4,265	4,065	92.4	93.0	91.7
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	400	175	235	4.4	3.8	5.3
Public transit	25	15	10	0.3	0.3	0.2
Walked	115	60	55	1.3	1.3	1.2
Bicycle	55	40	10	0.6	0.9	0.2
Other method	90	35	55	1.0	0.8	1.2
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	9,020	4,585	4,435	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	2,310	1,075	1,230	25.6	23.4	27.7
15 to 29 minutes	3,555	1,700	1,855	39.4	37.1	41.8
30 to 44 minutes	1,805	990	815	20.0	21.6	18.4
45 to 59 minutes	790	485	300	8.8	10.6	6.8
60 minutes and over	565	335	230	6.3	7.3	5.2
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	9,020	4,585	4,435	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	945	715	235	10.5	15.6	5.3
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,840	1,170	675	20.4	25.5	15.2
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	2,640	1,255	1,390	29.3	27.4	31.3
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,585	490	1,095	17.6	10.7	24.7
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	690	240	445	7.6	5.2	10.0
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,320	720	595	14.6	15.7	13.4
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	4,520	2,320	2,195	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	650	325	325	14.4	14.0	14.8
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	3,870	2,000	1,870	85.6	86.2	85.2
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	3,390	1,710	1,680	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	470	230	240	13.9	13.5	14.3
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	285	140	150	8.4	8.2	8.9
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	185	90	100	5.5	5.3	6.0
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,920	1,480	1,435	86.1	86.5	85.4

Symbol legend

...
not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 18, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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