Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Le Haut-Saint-Laurent, Municipalité régionale de comté (MRC)More information: Quebec [Census division]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	22,213	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	22,454	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	- 1.1	...	...	- 1.1	...	...
Total private dwellings²	11,446	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	9,895	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	19.0	...	...	19.0	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	1,168.08	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	22,215	11,310	10,900	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	3,440	1,810	1,635	15.5	16.0	15.0
0 to 4 years	1,090	570	525	4.9	5.0	4.8
5 to 9 years	1,240	640	600	5.6	5.7	5.5
10 to 14 years	1,115	595	515	5.0	5.3	4.7
15 to 64 years	13,275	6,790	6,485	59.8	60.0	59.5
15 to 19 years	950	505	445	4.3	4.5	4.1
20 to 24 years	910	485	425	4.1	4.3	3.9
25 to 29 years	1,170	600	575	5.3	5.3	5.3
30 to 34 years	1,230	620	615	5.5	5.5	5.6
35 to 39 years	1,205	630	575	5.4	5.6	5.3
40 to 44 years	1,110	575	535	5.0	5.1	4.9
45 to 49 years	1,170	575	590	5.3	5.1	5.4
50 to 54 years	1,435	745	690	6.5	6.6	6.3
55 to 59 years	1,965	995	970	8.8	8.8	8.9
60 to 64 years	2,135	1,080	1,055	9.6	9.5	9.7
65 years and over	5,500	2,715	2,785	24.8	24.0	25.6
65 to 69 years	1,730	895	835	7.8	7.9	7.7
70 to 74 years	1,535	805	735	6.9	7.1	6.7
75 to 79 years	1,075	545	530	4.8	4.8	4.9
80 to 84 years	570	265	305	2.6	2.3	2.8
85 years and over	590	210	380	2.7	1.9	3.5
85 to 89 years	345	135	205	1.6	1.2	1.9
90 to 94 years	195	60	140	0.9	0.5	1.3
95 to 99 years	45	10	35	0.2	0.1	0.3
100 years and over	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	15.5	16.0	15.0	15.5	16.0	15.0
15 to 64 years	59.8	60.0	59.5	59.8	60.0	59.5
65 years and over	24.8	24.0	25.6	24.8	24.0	25.6
85 years and over	2.7	1.9	3.5	2.7	1.9	3.5
Average age of the population	45.7	45.0	46.4	45.7	45.0	46.4
Median age of the population	49.6	48.8	50.4	49.6	48.8	50.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	9,895	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	8,215	...	...	83.0	...	...
Semi-detached house	320	...	...	3.2	...	...
Row house	40	...	...	0.4	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	395	...	...	4.0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	735	...	...	7.4	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Other single-attached house	50	...	...	0.5	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	140	...	...	1.4	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	9,895	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	3,230	...	...	32.6	...	...
2 persons	3,865	...	...	39.1	...	...
3 persons	1,200	...	...	12.1	...	...
4 persons	975	...	...	9.9	...	...
5 or more persons	625	...	...	6.3	...	...
Number of persons in private households	21,900	11,210	10,690	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	18,775	9,505	9,265	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	11,095	5,560	5,540	59.1	58.5	59.8
Married	6,555	3,290	3,265	34.9	34.6	35.2
Living common-law	4,540	2,265	2,275	24.2	23.8	24.6
Living common law - Never married	3,570	1,785	1,785	19.0	18.8	19.3
Living common law - Separated	65	30	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
Living common law - Divorced	810	405	405	4.3	4.3	4.4
Living common law - Widowed	105	40	60	0.6	0.4	0.6
Not married and not living common-law	7,675	3,945	3,725	40.9	41.5	40.2
Not married and not living common law - Never married	4,825	2,810	2,015	25.7	29.6	21.7
Not married and not living common law - Separated	335	180	155	1.8	1.9	1.7
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	1,285	665	620	6.8	7.0	6.7
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	1,230	295	935	6.6	3.1	10.1
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	6,430	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	3,890	...	...	60.5	...	...
3 persons	1,110	...	...	17.3	...	...
4 persons	935	...	...	14.5	...	...
5 or more persons	500	...	...	7.8	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	6,435	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	5,465	...	...	84.9	...	...
Married couples	3,195	...	...	49.7	...	...
With children⁶	1,050	...	...	16.3	...	...
Without children	2,140	...	...	33.3	...	...
Common-law couples	2,270	...	...	35.3	...	...
With children⁶	1,125	...	...	17.5	...	...
Without children	1,145	...	...	17.8	...	...
Total one-parent families	970	...	...	15.1	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	685	...	...	10.6	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	285	...	...	4.4	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	21,900	11,210	10,690	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	17,535	8,850	8,685	80.1	78.9	81.2
Married spouses or common-law partners	10,930	5,455	5,475	49.9	48.7	51.2
Parents in one-parent families	965	285	680	4.4	2.5	6.4
Children⁶	5,635	3,110	2,525	25.7	27.7	23.6
In a two-parent family	4,145	2,245	1,900	18.9	20.0	17.8
In a one-parent family	1,490	860	630	6.8	7.7	5.9
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	4,365	2,360	2,005	19.9	21.1	18.8
Living alone	3,230	1,755	1,470	14.7	15.7	13.8
Living with other relatives⁷	480	245	235	2.2	2.2	2.2
Living with non-relatives only	655	360	300	3.0	3.2	2.8
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	9,895	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	5,885	...	...	59.5	...	...
Couple-family households	5,100	...	...	51.5	...	...
With children⁶	2,015	...	...	20.4	...	...
Without children	3,090	...	...	31.2	...	...
One-parent-family households	785	...	...	7.9	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	160	...	...	1.6	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	35	...	...	0.4	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	250	...	...	2.5	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	330	...	...	3.3	...	...
One-person households	3,230	...	...	32.6	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	18,460	9,405	9,055	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	18,045	9,200	8,845	97.8	97.8	97.7
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,200	38,800	32,000	35,200	38,800	32,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	18,055	9,205	8,850	97.8	97.9	97.7
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	32,000	34,400	29,400	32,000	34,400	29,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	15,510	8,090	7,420	84.0	86.0	81.9
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	28,200	33,200	23,200	28,200	33,200	23,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	12,095	6,515	5,575	65.5	69.3	61.6
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	30,000	34,000	26,400	30,000	34,000	26,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	15,545	7,720	7,825	84.2	82.1	86.4
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,800	11,800	13,500	12,800	11,800	13,500
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,320	1,285	1,035	12.6	13.7	11.4
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,800	6,000	5,560	5,800	6,000	5,560
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,525	2,455	2,070	24.5	26.1	22.9
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	6,000	7,500	6,000	6,000	7,500
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	18,460	9,405	9,060	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	18,090	9,215	8,875	98.0	98.0	98.0
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,200	47,240	36,960	42,200	47,240	36,960
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	18,115	9,230	8,890	98.1	98.1	98.1
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,720	38,800	32,480	35,720	38,800	32,480
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	15,525	8,045	7,480	84.1	85.5	82.6
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,000	42,440	29,040	36,000	42,440	29,040
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	12,090	6,515	5,580	65.5	69.3	61.6
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,960	40,520	30,600	35,960	40,520	30,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	15,595	7,715	7,880	84.5	82.0	87.0
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	13,140	12,190	14,060	13,140	12,190	14,060
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,350	1,300	1,055	12.7	13.8	11.6
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,790	6,820	6,740	6,790	6,820	6,740
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,370	2,345	2,030	23.7	24.9	22.4
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,970	7,640	8,350	7,970	7,640	8,350
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	18,460	9,405	9,060	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	5,740	3,350	2,390	31.1	35.6	26.4
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	45,600	48,000	43,200	45,600	48,000	43,200
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	50,880	53,900	46,640	50,880	53,900	46,640
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	4,695	2,205	2,485	25.4	23.4	27.4
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	19,800	27,200	16,200	19,800	27,200	16,200
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	26,200	32,240	20,840	26,200	32,240	20,840
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	73.2	78.4	66.2	73.2	78.4	66.2
Employment income (%)¹⁹	56.9	60.6	52.0	56.9	60.6	52.0
Government transfers (%)²⁰	26.8	21.6	33.8	26.8	21.6	33.8
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.1	2.0	2.2	2.1	2.0	2.2
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.6	4.9	6.5	5.6	4.9	6.5
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.6	4.1	5.2	4.6	4.1	5.2
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	18,465	9,405	9,060	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	420	205	210	2.3	2.2	2.3
With total income	18,045	9,200	8,845	97.7	97.8	97.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,360	615	750	7.5	6.7	8.5
$10,000 to $19,999	2,695	1,165	1,525	14.9	12.7	17.2
$20,000 to $29,999	3,515	1,675	1,840	19.5	18.2	20.8
$30,000 to $39,999	2,695	1,295	1,405	14.9	14.1	15.9
$40,000 to $49,999	2,420	1,260	1,155	13.4	13.7	13.1
$50,000 to $59,999	1,775	930	845	9.8	10.1	9.6
$60,000 to $69,999	1,105	670	435	6.1	7.3	4.9
$70,000 to $79,999	785	485	300	4.4	5.3	3.4
$80,000 to $89,999	520	305	220	2.9	3.3	2.5
$90,000 to $99,999	375	240	130	2.1	2.6	1.5
$100,000 and over	795	560	235	4.4	6.1	2.7
$100,000 to $149,999	605	420	185	3.4	4.6	2.1
$150,000 and over	190	140	50	1.1	1.5	0.6
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	18,465	9,405	9,060	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	410	200	210	2.2	2.1	2.3
With after-tax income	18,050	9,200	8,850	97.8	97.8	97.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,460	650	815	8.1	7.1	9.2
$10,000 to $19,999	2,830	1,250	1,575	15.7	13.6	17.8
$20,000 to $29,999	4,065	1,925	2,140	22.5	20.9	24.2
$30,000 to $39,999	3,335	1,735	1,595	18.5	18.9	18.0
$40,000 to $49,999	2,660	1,400	1,265	14.7	15.2	14.3
$50,000 to $59,999	1,555	920	635	8.6	10.0	7.2
$60,000 to $69,999	885	510	375	4.9	5.5	4.2
$70,000 to $79,999	570	340	230	3.2	3.7	2.6
$80,000 to $89,999	285	175	105	1.6	1.9	1.2
$90,000 to $99,999	150	100	50	0.8	1.1	0.6
$100,000 and over	265	195	75	1.5	2.1	0.8
$100,000 to $124,999	150	105	45	0.8	1.1	0.5
$125,000 and over	115	85	30	0.6	0.9	0.3
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	18,465	9,405	9,060	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	6,365	2,890	3,480	34.5	30.7	38.4
With employment income	12,095	6,520	5,575	65.5	69.3	61.5
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,910	1,030	885	15.8	15.8	15.9
$5,000 to $9,999	1,045	475	570	8.6	7.3	10.2
$10,000 to $19,999	1,630	775	855	13.5	11.9	15.3
$20,000 to $29,999	1,440	675	770	11.9	10.4	13.8
$30,000 to $39,999	1,540	810	735	12.7	12.4	13.2
$40,000 to $49,999	1,355	725	635	11.2	11.1	11.4
$50,000 to $59,999	940	565	375	7.8	8.7	6.7
$60,000 to $69,999	640	415	220	5.3	6.4	3.9
$70,000 to $79,999	475	300	170	3.9	4.6	3.0
$80,000 to $89,999	385	240	140	3.2	3.7	2.5
$90,000 to $99,999	220	155	70	1.8	2.4	1.3
$100,000 and over	515	375	145	4.3	5.8	2.6
$100,000 to $124,999	285	200	85	2.4	3.1	1.5
$125,000 and over	230	170	60	1.9	2.6	1.1
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	18,460	9,405	9,055	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	17,775	9,050	8,725	96.3	96.2	96.4
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	32,800	37,600	29,200	32,800	37,600	29,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	17,780	9,050	8,730	96.3	96.2	96.4
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	30,000	33,600	27,000	30,000	33,600	27,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	15,260	7,930	7,330	82.7	84.3	80.9
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	29,600	35,200	24,600	29,600	35,200	24,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	12,150	6,490	5,665	65.8	69.0	62.6
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	30,800	35,600	26,600	30,800	35,600	26,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	14,415	7,070	7,350	78.1	75.2	81.2
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,700	8,600	10,800	9,700	8,600	10,800
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	2,285	1,280	1,000	12.4	13.6	11.0
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,920	5,040	4,720	4,920	5,040	4,720
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	18,460	9,405	9,060	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	17,740	9,035	8,705	96.1	96.1	96.1
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,800	45,400	34,000	39,800	45,400	34,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	17,750	9,040	8,710	96.2	96.1	96.1
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	33,720	37,440	29,880	33,720	37,440	29,880
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	15,210	7,880	7,325	82.4	83.8	80.8
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,360	43,440	28,760	36,360	43,440	28,760
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	12,070	6,440	5,630	65.4	68.5	62.1
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,720	42,560	30,080	36,720	42,560	30,080
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	14,485	7,095	7,395	78.5	75.4	81.6
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,590	9,570	11,560	10,590	9,570	11,560
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,400	1,315	1,090	13.0	14.0	12.0
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,990	6,110	8,040	6,990	6,110	8,040
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	18,460	9,405	9,060	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	5,715	3,325	2,390	31.0	35.4	26.4
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	43,600	46,800	38,400	43,600	46,800	38,400
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	48,680	53,350	42,160	48,680	53,350	42,160
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	4,410	2,090	2,315	23.9	22.2	25.6
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	24,600	31,200	18,600	24,600	31,200	18,600
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	30,480	37,640	23,960	30,480	37,640	23,960
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	78.2	83.4	71.2	78.2	83.4	71.2
Employment income (%)	62.7	66.8	57.2	62.7	66.8	57.2
Government transfers (%)	21.7	16.6	28.9	21.7	16.6	28.9
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.4	2.0	3.0	2.4	2.0	3.0
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	9,895	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	63,600	...	...	63,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	56,400	...	...	56,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	3,230	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	33,600	...	...	33,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	30,800	...	...	30,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	6,665	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	83,000	...	...	83,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	73,000	...	...	73,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	9,895	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	77,200	...	...	77,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	65,400	...	...	65,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	3,225	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	41,720	...	...	41,720	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	35,240	...	...	35,240	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	6,670	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	94,300	...	...	94,300	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	79,900	...	...	79,900	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	9,895	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	75	...	...	0.8	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	70	...	...	0.7	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	180	...	...	1.8	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	235	...	...	2.4	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	690	...	...	7.0	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	435	...	...	4.4	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	440	...	...	4.4	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	525	...	...	5.3	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	575	...	...	5.8	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	525	...	...	5.3	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	915	...	...	9.2	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	755	...	...	7.6	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	740	...	...	7.5	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	680	...	...	6.9	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	535	...	...	5.4	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,525	...	...	25.5	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,045	...	...	10.6	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	615	...	...	6.2	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	565	...	...	5.7	...	...
$200,000 and over	295	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	9,895	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	95	...	...	1.0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	70	...	...	0.7	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	195	...	...	2.0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	255	...	...	2.6	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	730	...	...	7.4	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	500	...	...	5.1	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	540	...	...	5.5	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	655	...	...	6.6	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	625	...	...	6.3	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	580	...	...	5.9	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,045	...	...	10.6	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	865	...	...	8.7	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	865	...	...	8.7	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	670	...	...	6.8	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	520	...	...	5.3	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,690	...	...	17.1	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	905	...	...	9.1	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	420	...	...	4.2	...	...
$150,000 and over	365	...	...	3.7	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	6,435	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	83,000	...	...	83,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	73,000	...	...	73,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	3,120	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	71,500	...	...	71,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	63,200	...	...	63,200	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	2,195	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	109,000	...	...	109,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	95,000	...	...	95,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	915	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	60,000	...	...	60,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	55,200	...	...	55,200	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	3,890	2,115	1,770	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	32,800	34,800	30,600	32,800	34,800	30,600
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	30,200	31,400	28,800	30,200	31,400	28,800
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	6,450	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	94,100	...	...	94,100	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	79,700	...	...	79,700	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	3,110	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	83,400	...	...	83,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	70,100	...	...	70,100	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,210	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	119,900	...	...	119,900	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	101,000	...	...	101,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	905	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	68,200	...	...	68,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	59,700	...	...	59,700	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	3,880	2,160	1,715	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	40,440	41,960	38,480	40,440	41,960	38,480
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	34,360	35,040	33,480	34,360	35,040	33,480
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	21,905	11,210	10,695	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	4,010	2,085	1,920	18.3	18.6	18.0
0 to 5 years	1,350	705	645	6.2	6.3	6.0
18 to 64 years	12,655	6,480	6,175	57.8	57.8	57.7
65 years and over	5,240	2,640	2,600	23.9	23.6	24.3
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	3,305	1,680	1,625	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	525	270	260	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	200	95	100	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	1,640	895	745	...	...	...
65 years and over	1,145	525	620	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	15.1	15.0	15.2	15.1	15.0	15.2
0 to 17 years (%)	13.1	12.7	13.5	13.1	12.7	13.5
0 to 5 years (%)	14.8	14.0	15.8	14.8	14.0	15.8
18 to 64 years (%)	12.9	13.8	12.1	12.9	13.8	12.1
65 years and over (%)	21.8	19.9	23.9	21.8	19.9	23.9
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	21,900	11,210	10,690	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	4,005	2,090	1,920	18.3	18.6	18.0
0 to 5 years	1,345	705	645	6.1	6.3	6.0
18 to 64 years	12,655	6,480	6,175	57.8	57.8	57.8
65 years and over	5,240	2,640	2,600	23.9	23.6	24.3
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	680	395	280	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	85	45	40	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	25	15	10	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	515	310	205	...	...	...
65 years and over	75	40	40	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.1	3.5	2.7	3.1	3.5	2.7
0 to 17 years (%)	2.2	2.2	2.1	2.2	2.2	2.1
0 to 5 years (%)	2.2	2.4	1.8	2.2	2.4	1.8
18 to 64 years (%)	4.1	4.8	3.4	4.1	4.8	3.4
65 years and over (%)	1.4	1.5	1.4	1.4	1.5	1.4
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	21,905	11,210	10,695	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	14,880	7,530	7,345	67.9	67.2	68.7
In bottom decile	2,815	1,455	1,360	12.9	13.0	12.7
In second decile	3,205	1,575	1,635	14.6	14.0	15.3
In third decile	3,305	1,645	1,660	15.1	14.7	15.5
In fourth decile	2,915	1,470	1,440	13.3	13.1	13.5
In fifth decile	2,640	1,385	1,250	12.1	12.4	11.7
In top half of the distribution	7,025	3,675	3,345	32.1	32.8	31.3
In sixth decile	2,175	1,150	1,025	9.9	10.3	9.6
In seventh decile	1,780	900	885	8.1	8.0	8.3
In eighth decile	1,355	715	635	6.2	6.4	5.9
In ninth decile	1,140	620	520	5.2	5.5	4.9
In top decile	575	300	275	2.6	2.7	2.6
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	21,900	...	...	21,900	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.292	...	...	0.292	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.455	...	...	0.455	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.253	...	...	0.253	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.2	...	...	3.2	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	21,980	11,245	10,740	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	2,430	1,210	1,225	11.1	10.8	11.4
French only	8,040	4,030	4,010	36.6	35.8	37.3
English and French	11,480	5,980	5,500	52.2	53.2	51.2
Neither English nor French	30	25	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	21,980	11,245	10,740	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	6,530	3,290	3,240	29.7	29.3	30.2
French	15,095	7,745	7,355	68.7	68.9	68.5
English and French	325	185	140	1.5	1.6	1.3
Neither English nor French	30	25	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	21,980	11,245	10,740	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	21,220	10,865	10,355	96.5	96.6	96.4
Official languages	20,705	10,580	10,120	94.2	94.1	94.2
English	5,950	3,010	2,945	27.1	26.8	27.4
French	14,750	7,575	7,175	67.1	67.4	66.8
Non-official languages	515	280	240	2.3	2.5	2.2
Indigenous languages³⁹	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	505	280	225	2.3	2.5	2.1
Afro-Asiatic languages	20	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	20	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	15	5	5	0.1	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	425	235	185	1.9	2.1	1.7
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	70	35	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	70	35	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Russian	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	150	85	70	0.7	0.8	0.7
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	120	65	50	0.5	0.6	0.5
German	95	55	40	0.4	0.5	0.4
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	35	15	15	0.2	0.1	0.1
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Iranian languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	165	90	70	0.8	0.8	0.7
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	40	25	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Portuguese	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	15	5	5	0.1	0.0	0.0
Spanish	95	55	40	0.4	0.5	0.4
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	765	380	380	3.5	3.4	3.5
English and French	700	345	350	3.2	3.1	3.3
English and non-official language(s)	30	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	21,980	11,245	10,740	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	5,855	2,960	2,895	26.6	26.3	27.0
French	13,725	7,050	6,675	62.4	62.7	62.2
Non-official language	95	60	40	0.4	0.5	0.4
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	90	55	30	0.4	0.5	0.3
English and French	1,965	995	970	8.9	8.8	9.0
English and non-official language(s)	115	50	60	0.5	0.4	0.6
French and non-official language(s)	80	50	30	0.4	0.4	0.3
English, French and non-official language(s)	145	75	70	0.7	0.7	0.7
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	21,980	11,245	10,740	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	21,255	10,870	10,385	96.7	96.7	96.7
Official languages	21,090	10,770	10,320	96.0	95.8	96.1
English	6,615	3,335	3,280	30.1	29.7	30.5
French	14,470	7,435	7,040	65.8	66.1	65.5
Non-official languages	165	100	65	0.8	0.9	0.6
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	160	100	60	0.7	0.9	0.6
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	130	80	50	0.6	0.7	0.5
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	35	15	15	0.2	0.1	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
German	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	65	40	20	0.3	0.4	0.2
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	55	40	15	0.3	0.4	0.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	730	375	355	3.3	3.3	3.3
English and French	650	335	315	3.0	3.0	2.9
English and non-official language(s)	40	15	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	20	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	21,980	11,245	10,740	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	20,365	10,425	9,940	92.7	92.7	92.6
English	705	365	340	3.2	3.2	3.2
French	680	335	345	3.1	3.0	3.2
Non-official language	125	60	65	0.6	0.5	0.6
Indigenous³⁹	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	120	60	60	0.5	0.5	0.6
English and French	15	5	5	0.1	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	30	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	50	30	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	21,905	11,210	10,690	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	21,860	11,165	10,690	99.8	99.6	100.0
English	13,855	7,045	6,810	63.3	62.8	63.7
French	19,455	9,960	9,495	88.8	88.8	88.8
Non-official languages	1,065	585	485	4.9	5.2	4.5
Indigenous languages³⁹	40	10	30	0.2	0.1	0.3
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	30	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	30	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,025	570	455	4.7	5.1	4.3
Afro-Asiatic languages	30	20	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	30	20	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	30	20	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	15	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Haitian Creole	15	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	900	485	415	4.1	4.3	3.9
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	115	65	55	0.5	0.6	0.5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	115	65	55	0.5	0.6	0.5
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Russian	40	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	15	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Ukrainian	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	250	150	95	1.1	1.3	0.9
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	195	130	70	0.9	1.2	0.7
German	180	115	65	0.8	1.0	0.6
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	25	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	55	25	25	0.3	0.2	0.2
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	50	25	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	30	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Indo-Iranian languages	15	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	550	275	275	2.5	2.5	2.6
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	95	55	35	0.4	0.5	0.3
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Spanish	450	210	240	2.1	1.9	2.2
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	15	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Chinese languages	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	20	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	20	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	21,900	11,210	10,690	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	570	320	255	2.6	2.9	2.4
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	540	300	240	2.5	2.7	2.2
First Nations (North American Indian)	340	195	150	1.6	1.7	1.4
Métis	165	90	70	0.8	0.8	0.7
Inuk (Inuit)	40	15	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-Indigenous identity	21,330	10,890	10,440	97.4	97.1	97.7
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	21,900	11,210	10,690	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	130	65	70	0.6	0.6	0.7
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	21,775	11,145	10,625	99.4	99.4	99.4
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	9,895	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	7,450	...	...	75.3	...	...
Renter	2,445	...	...	24.7	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	9,895	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	220	...	...	2.2	...	...
Not condominium	9,675	...	...	97.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	9,895	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
1 bedroom	875	...	...	8.8	...	...
2 bedrooms	3,165	...	...	32.0	...	...
3 bedrooms	3,755	...	...	37.9	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	2,090	...	...	21.1	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	9,895	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	2,275	...	...	23.0	...	...
5 rooms	1,820	...	...	18.4	...	...
6 rooms	1,780	...	...	18.0	...	...
7 rooms	1,395	...	...	14.1	...	...
8 or more rooms	2,620	...	...	26.5	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.3	...	...	6.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	9,895	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	9,860	...	...	99.6	...	...
More than one person per room	35	...	...	0.4	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	9,895	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	9,710	...	...	98.1	...	...
Not suitable	185	...	...	1.9	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	9,895	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	4,150	...	...	41.9	...	...
1961 to 1980	2,900	...	...	29.3	...	...
1981 to 1990	940	...	...	9.5	...	...
1991 to 2000	580	...	...	5.9	...	...
2001 to 2005	210	...	...	2.1	...	...
2006 to 2010	240	...	...	2.4	...	...
2011 to 2015	320	...	...	3.2	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	555	...	...	5.6	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	9,895	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	8,980	...	...	90.8	...	...
Major repairs needed	915	...	...	9.2	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	9,895	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	5,660	...	...	57.2	...	...
Two-maintainer household	4,030	...	...	40.7	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	205	...	...	2.1	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	9,895	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	190	...	...	1.9	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,150	...	...	11.6	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,200	...	...	12.1	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,490	...	...	15.1	...	...
55 to 64 years	2,455	...	...	24.8	...	...
65 to 74 years	2,055	...	...	20.8	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,075	...	...	10.9	...	...
85 years and over	290	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	9,380	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	8,170	...	...	87.1	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	1,210	...	...	12.9	...	...
30% to less than 100%	1,135	...	...	12.1	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	9,895	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	2,135	...	...	21.6	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	1,065	...	...	10.8	...	...
Not suitable only	145	...	...	1.5	...	...
Major repairs needed only	765	...	...	7.7	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	15	...	...	0.2	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	130	...	...	1.3	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	20	...	...	0.2	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	7,760	...	...	78.4	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	9,310	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	415	...	...	4.5	...	...
Not in core need	8,890	...	...	95.5	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	7,000	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	52.5	...	...	52.5	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	8.7	...	...	8.7	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	2.4	...	...	2.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	715	...	...	715	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	860	...	...	860	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	250,000	...	...	250,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	296,400	...	...	296,400	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,395	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	5.2	...	...	5.2	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	24.8	...	...	24.8	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	10.4	...	...	10.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	690	...	...	690	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	699	...	...	699	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	21,900	11,210	10,695	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	400	190	210	1.8	1.7	2.0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	395	185	205	1.8	1.7	1.9
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	305	155	150	1.4	1.4	1.4
Métis single ancestry	60	20	40	0.3	0.2	0.4
Inuit single ancestry	30	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	790	405	380	3.6	3.6	3.6
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	775	395	380	3.5	3.5	3.6
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	720	360	355	3.3	3.2	3.3
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	60	35	20	0.3	0.3	0.2
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	20,715	10,610	10,100	94.6	94.6	94.4
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	21,905	11,210	10,695	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	21,610	11,065	10,545	98.7	98.7	98.6
Canadian citizens aged under 18	3,940	2,025	1,915	18.0	18.1	17.9
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	17,670	9,040	8,625	80.7	80.6	80.6
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	295	140	150	1.3	1.2	1.4
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	21,905	11,210	10,695	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	20,995	10,730	10,265	95.8	95.7	96.0
Immigrants⁸¹	805	410	400	3.7	3.7	3.7
Before 1980	405	205	200	1.8	1.8	1.9
1980 to 1990	140	50	90	0.6	0.4	0.8
1991 to 2000	80	55	25	0.4	0.5	0.2
2001 to 2010	105	50	60	0.5	0.4	0.6
2011 to 2021⁸²	80	45	35	0.4	0.4	0.3
2011 to 2015	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
2016 to 2021	55	30	20	0.3	0.3	0.2
Non-permanent residents⁸³	95	70	30	0.4	0.6	0.3
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	805	410	400	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	100	55	45	12.4	13.4	11.3
5 to 14 years	135	90	50	16.8	22.0	12.5
15 to 24 years	205	95	115	25.5	23.2	28.8
25 to 44 years	290	135	160	36.0	32.9	40.0
45 years and over	75	40	35	9.3	9.8	8.8
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	805	410	400	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	190	45	145	23.6	11.0	36.3
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	20	0	15	2.5	0.0	3.8
Peru	10	0	0	1.2	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	125	20	110	15.5	4.9	27.5
Other places of birth in Americas	20	10	10	2.5	2.4	2.5
Europe	540	320	215	67.1	78.0	53.8
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	115	70	45	14.3	17.1	11.3
Germany	45	25	15	5.6	6.1	3.8
Greece	15	0	15	1.9	0.0	3.8
Hungary	10	10	0	1.2	2.4	0.0
Italy	25	15	0	3.1	3.7	0.0
Netherlands	30	20	10	3.7	4.9	2.5
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portugal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	10	0	0	1.2	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	10	10	0	1.2	2.4	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	90	45	45	11.2	11.0	11.3
Other places of birth in Europe	170	105	65	21.1	25.6	16.3
Africa	20	0	10	2.5	0.0	2.5
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	60	40	25	7.5	9.8	6.3
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	10	10	0	1.2	2.4	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	10	0	10	1.2	0.0	2.5
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	15	10	10	1.9	2.4	2.5
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	55	35	25	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	15	0	0	27.3	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	30	25	0	54.5	71.4	0.0
France	10	10	0	18.2	28.6	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	10	10	0	18.2	28.6	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	0	18.2	0.0	0.0
Africa	10	0	10	18.2	0.0	40.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	21,900	11,210	10,690	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	955	510	445	4.4	4.5	4.2
Second generation¹⁰¹	1,395	745	650	6.4	6.6	6.1
Third generation or more¹⁰²	19,555	9,955	9,600	89.3	88.8	89.8
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	410	200	205	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	195	125	70	47.6	62.5	34.1
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	105	80	35	25.6	40.0	17.1
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	85	45	40	20.7	22.5	19.5
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	195	65	130	47.6	32.5	63.4
Refugees¹⁰⁸	15	15	0	3.7	7.5	0.0
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	410	200	205	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	25	20	0	6.1	10.0	0.0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	75	50	20	18.3	25.0	9.8
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	10	10	0	2.4	5.0	0.0
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	10	0	0	2.4	0.0	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	275	115	170	67.1	57.5	82.9
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	21,900	11,210	10,690	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	320	170	145	1.5	1.5	1.4
South Asian	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Chinese	15	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Black	110	55	50	0.5	0.5	0.5
Filipino	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Arab	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Latin American	105	55	50	0.5	0.5	0.5
Southeast Asian	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple visible minorities	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	21,585	11,040	10,545	98.6	98.5	98.6
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	21,905	11,210	10,690	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	7,000	3,565	3,435	32.0	31.8	32.1
English	1,660	820	835	7.6	7.3	7.8
Irish	2,855	1,295	1,560	13.0	11.6	14.6
Scottish	2,435	1,190	1,240	11.1	10.6	11.6
French, n.o.s.¹²²	5,495	2,815	2,680	25.1	25.1	25.1
German	730	390	335	3.3	3.5	3.1
Chinese	35	15	10	0.2	0.1	0.1
Italian	440	205	235	2.0	1.8	2.2
Indian (India)	45	30	15	0.2	0.3	0.1
Ukrainian	100	50	55	0.5	0.4	0.5
Dutch	320	130	185	1.5	1.2	1.7
Polish	155	80	75	0.7	0.7	0.7
Québécois	2,570	1,370	1,195	11.7	12.2	11.2
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	265	125	145	1.2	1.1	1.4
Filipino	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
French Canadian	1,445	700	745	6.6	6.2	7.0
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	425	220	205	1.9	2.0	1.9
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	515	230	280	2.4	2.1	2.6
Métis	135	70	70	0.6	0.6	0.7
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	190	105	85	0.9	0.9	0.8
Russian	65	35	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
Norwegian	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Welsh	115	60	55	0.5	0.5	0.5
Portuguese	75	45	30	0.3	0.4	0.3
American	245	110	140	1.1	1.0	1.3
Spanish	80	35	45	0.4	0.3	0.4
Swedish	65	20	45	0.3	0.2	0.4
Hungarian	95	25	70	0.4	0.2	0.7
Acadian	200	70	130	0.9	0.6	1.2
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	65	15	45	0.3	0.1	0.4
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	70	25	40	0.3	0.2	0.4
Jamaican	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	40	25	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Lebanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	290	145	145	1.3	1.3	1.4
Danish	25	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	120	70	55	0.5	0.6	0.5
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	80	40	35	0.4	0.4	0.3
Belgian	170	80	90	0.8	0.7	0.8
Haitian	35	25	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	45	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Mennonite	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	140	65	70	0.6	0.6	0.7
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	65	40	25	0.3	0.4	0.2
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	35	15	15	0.2	0.1	0.1
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Colombian	20	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Moroccan	30	25	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Czech	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Syrian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Newfoundlander	25	25	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	80	40	40	0.4	0.4	0.4
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	10	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Turkish	25	25	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Slovak	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	45	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	20	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Lithuanian	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	15	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	130	75	60	0.6	0.7	0.6
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	25	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tunisian	25	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	75	45	25	0.3	0.4	0.2
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	35	35	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	35	15	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	35	15	15	0.2	0.1	0.1
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	25	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Norman	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	21,900	11,210	10,690	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Christian	16,005	8,080	7,925	73.1	72.1	74.1
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	890	450	440	4.1	4.0	4.1
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	430	195	230	2.0	1.7	2.2
Baptist	30	20	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Catholic	12,550	6,435	6,120	57.3	57.4	57.2
Christian Orthodox	90	45	45	0.4	0.4	0.4
Jehovah's Witness	65	35	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lutheran	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	60	30	25	0.3	0.3	0.2
Presbyterian	515	270	250	2.4	2.4	2.3
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	625	250	370	2.9	2.2	3.5
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	665	315	345	3.0	2.8	3.2
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	40	25	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	40	10	30	0.2	0.1	0.3
No religion and secular perspectives	5,790	3,085	2,705	26.4	27.5	25.3
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	21,695	11,070	10,625	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	19,625	10,035	9,585	90.5	90.7	90.2
Movers	2,070	1,030	1,045	9.5	9.3	9.8
Non-migrants	550	250	300	2.5	2.3	2.8
Migrants	1,520	780	740	7.0	7.0	7.0
Internal migrants	1,460	745	720	6.7	6.7	6.8
Intraprovincial migrants	1,375	695	685	6.3	6.3	6.4
Interprovincial migrants	85	50	35	0.4	0.5	0.3
External migrants	60	40	25	0.3	0.4	0.2
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	20,750	10,610	10,140	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	13,815	7,195	6,620	66.6	67.8	65.3
Movers	6,940	3,415	3,525	33.4	32.2	34.8
Non-migrants	1,380	660	720	6.7	6.2	7.1
Migrants	5,555	2,755	2,800	26.8	26.0	27.6
Internal migrants	5,410	2,675	2,735	26.1	25.2	27.0
Intraprovincial migrants	5,240	2,585	2,650	25.3	24.4	26.1
Interprovincial migrants	175	90	80	0.8	0.8	0.8
External migrants	145	80	70	0.7	0.8	0.7
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	18,460	9,405	9,060	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	5,280	3,065	2,220	28.6	32.6	24.5
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	13,180	6,340	6,840	71.4	67.4	75.5
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	11,430	5,835	5,595	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	2,655	1,665	990	23.2	28.5	17.7
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	8,775	4,175	4,600	76.8	71.6	82.2
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	18,465	9,405	9,060	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	4,735	2,670	2,070	25.6	28.4	22.8
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	4,700	2,415	2,280	25.5	25.7	25.2
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	9,025	4,320	4,710	48.9	45.9	52.0
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	7,235	3,590	3,640	39.2	38.2	40.2
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	3,830	2,325	1,505	20.7	24.7	16.6
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	2,815	1,545	1,270	15.2	16.4	14.0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	1,015	780	230	5.5	8.3	2.5
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	2,970	1,115	1,855	16.1	11.9	20.5
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	435	150	285	2.4	1.6	3.1
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,800	725	1,065	9.7	7.7	11.8
Bachelor's degree	1,310	490	830	7.1	5.2	9.2
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	150	75	75	0.8	0.8	0.8
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	55	20	35	0.3	0.2	0.4
Master's degree	255	130	125	1.4	1.4	1.4
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	25	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	11,430	5,835	5,595	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,295	1,405	885	20.1	24.1	15.8
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	2,780	1,490	1,290	24.3	25.5	23.1
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,355	2,940	3,420	55.6	50.4	61.1
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	5,185	2,545	2,635	45.4	43.6	47.1
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,875	1,675	1,205	25.2	28.7	21.5
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	2,150	1,120	1,030	18.8	19.2	18.4
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	725	555	175	6.3	9.5	3.1
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	2,070	785	1,280	18.1	13.5	22.9
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	245	85	155	2.1	1.5	2.8
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,165	390	780	10.2	6.7	13.9
Bachelor's degree	920	300	615	8.0	5.1	11.0
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	55	0	50	0.5	0.0	0.9
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	20	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.4
Master's degree	165	75	85	1.4	1.3	1.5
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	18,465	9,405	9,055	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	9,430	5,085	4,350	51.1	54.1	48.0
Education	680	155	525	3.7	1.6	5.8
13. Education	680	155	525	3.7	1.6	5.8
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	330	105	225	1.8	1.1	2.5
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	50	20	25	0.3	0.2	0.3
50. Visual and performing arts	280	85	190	1.5	0.9	2.1
Humanities	285	100	185	1.5	1.1	2.0
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	25	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.3
23. English language and literature/letters	55	20	35	0.3	0.2	0.4
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	130	45	75	0.7	0.5	0.8
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
54. History	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Social and behavioural sciences and law	610	175	430	3.3	1.9	4.7
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	40	15	30	0.2	0.2	0.3
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	170	0	165	0.9	0.0	1.8
22. Legal professions and studies	90	30	60	0.5	0.3	0.7
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
42. Psychology	85	35	55	0.5	0.4	0.6
45. Social sciences	195	90	105	1.1	1.0	1.2
Business, management and public administration	1,555	350	1,205	8.4	3.7	13.3
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	65	0	60	0.4	0.0	0.7
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,485	340	1,145	8.0	3.6	12.6
Physical and life sciences and technologies	225	140	80	1.2	1.5	0.9
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	75	40	35	0.4	0.4	0.4
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	30	25	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	25	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
40. Physical sciences	65	60	0	0.4	0.6	0.0
41. Science technologies/technicians	30	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	170	105	60	0.9	1.1	0.7
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	150	100	45	0.8	1.1	0.5
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	2,320	2,120	200	12.6	22.5	2.2
04. Architecture and related services	40	25	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
14. Engineering	100	80	20	0.5	0.9	0.2
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	330	255	70	1.8	2.7	0.8
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	700	685	15	3.8	7.3	0.2
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	745	700	45	4.0	7.4	0.5
48. Precision production	415	380	35	2.2	4.0	0.4
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	770	480	295	4.2	5.1	3.3
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	720	440	280	3.9	4.7	3.1
03. Natural resources and conservation	50	35	15	0.3	0.4	0.2
Health and related fields	1,255	150	1,105	6.8	1.6	12.2
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	35	20	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,225	130	1,090	6.6	1.4	12.0
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	830	440	390	4.5	4.7	4.3
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	420	90	320	2.3	1.0	3.5
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	115	80	35	0.6	0.9	0.4
49. Transportation and materials moving	290	260	30	1.6	2.8	0.3
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	11,425	5,835	5,595	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	5,075	2,895	2,180	44.4	49.6	39.0
Education	395	80	315	3.5	1.4	5.6
13. Education	395	80	315	3.5	1.4	5.6
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	235	65	170	2.1	1.1	3.0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	35	10	30	0.3	0.2	0.5
50. Visual and performing arts	200	55	140	1.8	0.9	2.5
Humanities	145	60	90	1.3	1.0	1.6
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
23. English language and literature/letters	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	65	30	35	0.6	0.5	0.6
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	15	15	10	0.1	0.3	0.2
54. History	20	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Social and behavioural sciences and law	435	105	335	3.8	1.8	6.0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	20	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.4
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	150	0	150	1.3	0.0	2.7
22. Legal professions and studies	70	20	55	0.6	0.3	1.0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
42. Psychology	55	15	35	0.5	0.3	0.6
45. Social sciences	125	60	65	1.1	1.0	1.2
Business, management and public administration	1,095	245	850	9.6	4.2	15.2
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	50	0	45	0.4	0.0	0.8
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,040	230	805	9.1	3.9	14.4
Physical and life sciences and technologies	125	85	40	1.1	1.5	0.7
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	45	30	15	0.4	0.5	0.3
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	45	35	0	0.4	0.6	0.0
41. Science technologies/technicians	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	125	80	45	1.1	1.4	0.8
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	115	80	40	1.0	1.4	0.7
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,655	1,485	170	14.5	25.4	3.0
04. Architecture and related services	25	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
14. Engineering	65	50	15	0.6	0.9	0.3
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	255	195	60	2.2	3.3	1.1
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	505	490	15	4.4	8.4	0.3
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	550	515	35	4.8	8.8	0.6
48. Precision production	250	220	35	2.2	3.8	0.6
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	575	335	240	5.0	5.7	4.3
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	535	315	220	4.7	5.4	3.9
03. Natural resources and conservation	35	20	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
Health and related fields	930	90	845	8.1	1.5	15.1
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	25	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	905	75	835	7.9	1.3	14.9
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	630	320	310	5.5	5.5	5.5
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	325	75	245	2.8	1.3	4.4
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	95	65	35	0.8	1.1	0.6
49. Transportation and materials moving	210	180	30	1.8	3.1	0.5
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	11,425	5,835	5,595	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	5,075	2,895	2,180	44.4	49.6	39.0
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	6,355	2,935	3,415	55.6	50.3	61.0
Location of study inside Canada	6,145	2,830	3,320	53.8	48.5	59.3
Same as province or territory of residence	5,780	2,665	3,120	50.6	45.7	55.8
Different than province or territory of residence	360	165	195	3.2	2.8	3.5
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	210	110	100	1.8	1.9	1.8
Americas	70	30	40	0.6	0.5	0.7
United States of America	45	25	20	0.4	0.4	0.4
Mexico	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	110	70	40	1.0	1.2	0.7
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	50	40	10	0.4	0.7	0.2
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	30	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
Africa	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	18,465	9,405	9,060	...	...	...
In the labour force	10,910	5,930	4,980	...	...	...
Employed	10,120	5,500	4,620	...	...	...
Unemployed	790	430	360	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	7,550	3,470	4,080	...	...	...
Participation rate	59.1	63.1	55.0	59.1	63.1	55.0
Employment rate	54.8	58.5	51.0	54.8	58.5	51.0
Unemployment rate	7.2	7.3	7.2	7.2	7.3	7.2
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	18,465	9,405	9,055	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	7,535	3,535	3,995	40.8	37.6	44.1
Worked	10,930	5,870	5,065	59.2	62.4	55.9
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	5,975	3,505	2,470	32.4	37.3	27.3
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	4,960	2,360	2,600	26.9	25.1	28.7
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.1	42.8	41.3	42.1	42.8	41.3
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	10,915	5,930	4,980	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	240	135	100	2.2	2.3	2.0
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	10,675	5,800	4,880	97.8	97.8	98.0
Employee	8,685	4,465	4,220	79.6	75.3	84.7
Permanent position	7,355	3,865	3,485	67.4	65.2	70.0
Temporary position	1,330	595	735	12.2	10.0	14.8
Fixed term (1 year or more)	395	150	245	3.6	2.5	4.9
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	930	445	485	8.5	7.5	9.7
Self-employed¹⁹²	1,985	1,335	660	18.2	22.5	13.3
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	10,915	5,930	4,980	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	240	135	100	2.2	2.3	2.0
All occupations¹⁹¹	10,675	5,800	4,880	97.8	97.8	98.0
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	180	135	45	1.6	2.3	0.9
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,220	230	990	11.2	3.9	19.9
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	435	275	160	4.0	4.6	3.2
3 Health occupations	855	90	765	7.8	1.5	15.4
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,020	185	835	9.3	3.1	16.8
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	210	75	135	1.9	1.3	2.7
6 Sales and service occupations	2,105	905	1,195	19.3	15.3	24.0
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,760	2,550	215	25.3	43.0	4.3
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,165	835	330	10.7	14.1	6.6
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	725	520	205	6.6	8.8	4.1
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	10,915	5,930	4,980	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	240	135	100	2.2	2.3	2.0
All industries¹⁹¹	10,675	5,800	4,880	97.8	97.8	98.0
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	1,340	880	460	12.3	14.8	9.2
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	100	95	10	0.9	1.6	0.2
22 Utilities	25	20	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
23 Construction	1,105	975	135	10.1	16.4	2.7
31-33 Manufacturing	1,195	845	345	10.9	14.2	6.9
41 Wholesale trade	375	285	90	3.4	4.8	1.8
44-45 Retail trade	1,205	565	640	11.0	9.5	12.9
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	695	515	180	6.4	8.7	3.6
51 Information and cultural industries	85	60	25	0.8	1.0	0.5
52 Finance and insurance	185	45	145	1.7	0.8	2.9
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	65	35	30	0.6	0.6	0.6
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	435	160	275	4.0	2.7	5.5
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	425	265	160	3.9	4.5	3.2
61 Educational services	710	190	520	6.5	3.2	10.4
62 Health care and social assistance	1,320	145	1,175	12.1	2.4	23.6
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	120	80	40	1.1	1.3	0.8
72 Accommodation and food services	360	120	230	3.3	2.0	4.6
81 Other services (except public administration)	555	330	230	5.1	5.6	4.6
91 Public administration	375	195	180	3.4	3.3	3.6
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	11,700	6,295	5,405	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	1,745	1,015	730	14.9	16.1	13.5
French	6,235	3,470	2,770	53.3	55.1	51.2
Non-official language	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
English and French	3,590	1,750	1,845	30.7	27.8	34.1
English and non-official language(s)	25	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	30	25	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	65	25	45	0.6	0.4	0.8
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	11,700	6,295	5,405	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	10,710	5,845	4,865	91.5	92.9	90.0
Official languages	10,680	5,820	4,865	91.3	92.5	90.0
English	2,665	1,445	1,215	22.8	23.0	22.5
French	8,020	4,375	3,645	68.5	69.5	67.4
Non-official languages	30	25	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	30	25	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	30	25	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	20	15	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	20	15	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	990	450	535	8.5	7.1	9.9
English and French	975	445	535	8.3	7.1	9.9
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	11,700	6,295	5,405	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	8,955	4,925	4,025	76.5	78.2	74.5
English	1,750	895	855	15.0	14.2	15.8
French	905	435	475	7.7	6.9	8.8
Non-official language	40	20	25	0.3	0.3	0.5
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	40	20	25	0.3	0.3	0.5
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	25	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.4
French and non-official language(s)	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	10,120	5,500	4,620	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	1,750	920	830	17.3	16.7	18.0
Worked outside Canada	55	35	25	0.5	0.6	0.5
No fixed workplace address	1,365	1,045	320	13.5	19.0	6.9
Usual place of work	6,955	3,505	3,445	68.7	63.7	74.6
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	6,955	3,505	3,445	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,665	830	830	23.9	23.7	24.1
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,875	800	1,075	27.0	22.8	31.2
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	3,385	1,850	1,530	48.7	52.8	44.4
Commute to a different province or territory	30	25	10	0.4	0.7	0.3
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	8,315	4,550	3,765	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	7,760	4,305	3,460	93.3	94.6	91.9
Car, truck or van - as a driver	7,430	4,130	3,295	89.4	90.8	87.5
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	330	170	160	4.0	3.7	4.2
Public transit	40	15	25	0.5	0.3	0.7
Walked	445	195	250	5.4	4.3	6.6
Bicycle	25	15	10	0.3	0.3	0.3
Other method	45	25	25	0.5	0.5	0.7
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	8,315	4,550	3,765	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	2,525	1,255	1,270	30.4	27.6	33.7
15 to 29 minutes	2,540	1,220	1,315	30.5	26.8	34.9
30 to 44 minutes	1,540	910	635	18.5	20.0	16.9
45 to 59 minutes	915	605	310	11.0	13.3	8.2
60 minutes and over	795	555	240	9.6	12.2	6.4
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	8,315	4,550	3,765	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,015	790	215	12.2	17.4	5.7
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,795	1,160	635	21.6	25.5	16.9
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	2,510	1,285	1,230	30.2	28.2	32.7
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,250	440	810	15.0	9.7	21.5
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	605	185	425	7.3	4.1	11.3
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,140	690	450	13.7	15.2	12.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	4,085	2,135	1,950	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,670	895	770	40.9	41.9	39.5
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,420	1,240	1,180	59.2	58.1	60.5
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	2,905	1,520	1,385	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,195	645	555	41.1	42.4	40.1
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	1,040	560	480	35.8	36.8	34.7
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	155	85	65	5.3	5.6	4.7
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,710	875	835	58.9	57.6	60.3

Symbol legend

...
not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 18, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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